qÃ[VAX-11 Librarian V02.00  ˜Z;ˆ Àm[;ˆ1”2„^COMMANDS TERRORSØFLAGSHELP:MESSAGES ªTECO ­@²Z;ˆ1 HELPCTECO's HELP command can be used to get information about TECO or to)access any standard VAX/VMS HELP library.Format:1 HELP [[/LIBRARY]=[=]name] [key-1 [key-2 [...]]]DUsing the =name parameter selects a HELP library other than the TECOBlibrary. The ==name format both selects the library for this HELPFcommand and makes it the default library for subsequent HELP commands. For example HELP ==HELP SYSTEM $ASSIGNFwould select the system HELP library,  establish it as the default, and5tell you about the Assign I/O Channel system service.AThe Key-n parameters obey the standard VAX/VMS HELP syntax rules.ww­àÌ¿Z;ˆ1 TECOATECO invokes the TECO text editor. TECO is an unsupported editorH capable of both basic editing and complex programmed string processing.Formats; TECO file-spec to edit an existing fileC TECO out-file-spec=in-file-spec to edit from one file to another7 MAKE file-spec to create a new fileA MUNG cmd-file-spec to execute a TECO command fileG MUNG cmd-file-spec,text-arg as above, but passes a text argument9As these are not built-in DCL commands, you need to enter( TECO :== $SYS$SYSTEM:TECO TECO( MAKE :== $SYS$SYSTEM:TECO MAKE, MUNG :== $SYS$SYSTEM:TECO MUNG """C in your LOGIN.COM file. Please also read what HELP TECO INI says.2 InitializationCTECO decodes its commands with a built-in comman d decoder. If TECOC finds the logical name TEC$INIT, its equivalence string is assumedA to be either a TECO macro or, if the string starts with a dollar> sign ($), the rest of the string is assumed to be a file-specC containing a TECO macro to be executed every start up. To disable: the lookup of TEC$INIT, the qualifier /NOINI can be used.FYour LOGIN.COM file can define the TECO command with preset qualifiersF if desired. The qualifiers /NOCRE, /NOINI, and /NOMEM are recognizedF by al l TECO commands so that they can be preset at command definition: time. To disable all TECO start up actions you would use8 TECO :== $SYS$SYSTEM:TECO TECO/NOCRE/NOINI/NOMEM, To disable only TECO's memory you would use, TECO :== $SYS$SYSTEM:TECO TECO/NOMEM Etc.2 Memory?TECO automatically remembers the file being edited. The file's? name is stored in a process logical called TEC$MEMORY. If you? invoke TECO without specifying a file-spec, TECO will read its@ memor y logical and re-edit the last edited file. TECO's memory< feature is completely inhibited by the /NOMEMORY qualifier. 2 Qualifiers/FINDC Initially position to (find) the last marked position in the input= file. Position is marked with the VTEDIT ESCape-F commands./INSPECT; Simply read the file-spec, don't create a new edited copy. /NOCREATEB Do not automatically create a new file if the file specified by a$ TECO command doesn't already exist./NOINI< Do not attempt to find or use TECO's private initialization logical TEC$INIT. /NOMEMORY> Do not read, create, or use TECO's memory logical TEC$MEMORY./SCROLLD Automatically enter split screen scrolling mode. The bottom 1/4 ofE the screen's lines are scrolled. /SCROLL:n sets the number of lines to scroll to n./VTEDIT4 Automatically invoke the TECO keypad editor VTEDIT. /VTEDIT:HOLD4 Set the VTEDIT keypad editor into hold screen mode./VTEDIT:SEEALL/ Set the VTEDIT keypad editor into SEEALL mode./VTEDIT:HO LD:SEEALLE Set the VTEDIT keypad editor into both hold screen and SEEALL modes.ww­€òåZ;ˆ 1 COMMANDS;Most characters that can be typed at your keyboard are TECO commands. Use them with care.:All TECO commands are terminated with the character,9 which will echo as a "$" at your terminal. To execute a; command (or string of commands), type a second after9 the last command in the string. No TECO command will be< executed until two consecutive s are typed. may4 be labeled or on your terminal.2 J7The "J" command is used to move the text pointer within6 the editing buffer. Common forms of the command are:, BJ Point to the beginning of the buffer& ZJ Point to the end of the buffer2 L5The "L" command is used to move the text pointer from7 one line to another. Common forms of the command are:. L Move to the beginning of the next line1 0L Move to the beginning of the current line4 5l Move to the fifth line past the current line& -1L Move back to the previous line2 C2The "C" command is used to move the pointer past a5 specified number of characters. Common forms of the "C" command are:1 C Advance the pointer to the next character( 3C Move forward by three characters+ -1C Move back to the previous character2 T5The "T" command is used to type text from the editing. buffer. Common forms of the "T" command are:9 T Type text from the pointer to the end of the line3 0T Type text from the beginning of the current line to the pointer3 5T Print the next five lines of text, starting from the pointer7 HT Print the entire contents of the editing buffer2 I7The "I" command is used to insert text, starting at the. current pointer. The command is of the form: Itext-to-insert7 For example, to insert the text "This is a test", type IThis is a test$4 (Note that the key is echoed as a "$" sign at your terminal.)2 K8The "K" command is used to delete lines of text from the2 editing buffer. Common forms of the command are:4 K Delete the text from the pointer through the end of the current line1 0K Delete the text from the beginning of the# current line to the pointer4 5K Delete the next five lines of text, starting from the pointer4 HK delete all of the text in the editing buffer2 D5The "D" command is u sed to delete characters from the2 editing buffer. Common forms of the command are:6 D Delete the character which follows the pointer1 5D Delete the next five characters, starting0 with the character following the pointer7 -1D Delete the character which immediately precedes the pointer2 P8The "P" command is used to write the text in the editing9 buffer to the output file and read the next page of text9 from the input file to the editing buffer. Common forms of the command are:3 P Write the current buffer to the output file and get the next page4 5P Write the current buffer, plus the next four6 pages from the input file, to the output file,3 then read the next page from the input file into the editing buffer2 A7The "A" command is used to append the next page of text6 from the input file to the end of the current editing% buffer. The command is of the form:6 A Read the next page of text from the input file4 and append it to the end of the current text buffer2 S7The "S" command is used to locate a specified string of7 text in the current buffer. If the text is found, the8 pointer is positioned after the specified text. If the7 text is not found, an error message is printed and the/ pointer is set to the beginning of the buffer. The "S" command is of the form: Stext-to-locate9 For example, to find the text "find me", use the command Sfind me$: (Note that the key echoes as "$" at your terminal.)2 N;The "N" command is the same as the "S" command, except that; the search continues across page boundaries, if necessary,5 until the specified text, or the end of the file, is encountered. The "N" command is of the form: Ntext-to-locate: For example, to find the text "find me", which may appear- on a later page in the file, use the command Nfind me$9 (Note the the key echoes as "$" at your terminal.)2 FS3The "FS" command is used to replace one string with7 another string. If the specified text is found, it is8 deleted and replaced with the new text, and the pointer8 is positioned at the end of the specified text. If the7 specified text is not found, the pointer is positioned at the beginning of the buffer.! The "FS" command is of the form:! FSold-textnew-text9 For example, to replace the next occurrence of "exumple" with "example", use the command FSexumple$example$: (Note that the key echoes as "$" at your terminal.)2 EX7The "EX" command is used to write the current buffer to9 the output file, copy the remainder of the input file to3 the output file, and exit from TECO. For example, EX$$9 (Note that the key echoes as "$" at your terminal,9 and that you must type the key twice to cause the command to be executed.)ww­`Ä3[;ˆ1 FLAGS5TECO has a number of internal mode flags which can be9 set and/or read to modify the standard TECO environment. To read the value of a flag, use Fx7 where "F" is the name of the flag and "x" is a command" which accepts a numeric argument.To set the value of a flag, use xF7 where "F" is the name of a flag and "x" is a number or) a command which returns a numeric value.2 ED Value Meaning if Set7 1 ^ (up-arrow) in search arguments means that the9 next character should be interpreted as a control character- (If 0, ^ in search arguments means ^) 2 Disables Yank protection; (If 0, the Y, N, and _ commands are aborted if they( would result in data being lost): 8 Leaves buffer pointer unchanged on search failures= (If 0, search failures move the buffer pointer to the% beginning of the text buffer)/ Multiple values may be combined in the ED flag2 EH Value Meaning if Set8  1 If an error is encountered, only the 3-character error code is printed (If 0, same as 2)8 2 If an error is encountered, both the 3-character2 error code and a short message are printed8 4 If an error is encountered, the command(s) which5 lead to the error are printed, simulating the! effect of the "?" command> The 4 value may be combined with either 1 or 2 in the EH flag2 ET Value Meaning if set$ 1 Type-out is in pass-all mode 2 Terminal is a scope2 4 Terminal has lower-case; accept lower-case 8 ^T reads with no echo 16 Cancels ^O on output9 32 ^T reads with no wait (^T returns -1 if no input). 128 TECO aborts if an error is encountered3 256 Output is truncated to the terminal's widthE 512 Terminal is a VT52/VT100 and "W" command support is available1 32768 Traps CTRL/C's (reset if CTRL/C is typed)/ Multiple values may be combined in the ET flag2 EU Value Meaning6 0 Flags lower case characters on output with "T" or "V" commands- >0 Flags upper case characters on output" <0 No case flagging on output2 ^X Value Meaning' 0 Either case matches in searches3 <>0 Exact case matches are required in searchesww­à}^[;ˆ 1 MESSAGES@TECO produces one informational and two warning messages. These:messages do not abort the command and execution continues.2 %Search fail in iter< Indicat es that a search command has failed inside< iteration brackets. A ; (semi-colon) command< immediately following the search command can< typically be used to suppress this message. After< printing the message, the iteration is terminated,+ i.e., TECO simulates a 0; command.2 %Exceeding disk quota< Indicates that the current output operation has< exceeded your disk quota. You may continue to do< output !up to your quota overdraft limit. It is< suggested that you exit from the current edit and< purge old file versions to free up some disk space. 2 [nnn pages]< This informational message tells you the size of< TECO's combined text buffer and Q-register storage in pages.ww­ Àm[;ˆ1 ERRORS'All TECO error messages are of the form ?XXX Short text message#and abort TECO's command execution.ETyping a question mark (?) " immediately after TECO's input prompt willDprint the erring command string up to and including the error point.ETyping a slash (/) immediately after TECO's input prompt will print a longer explanation of the error.2 BNI ?BNI > not in iteration< There is a close angle bracket not matched by an< open angle bracket somewhere to its left. (Note:< an iteration in a macro stored in a Q-register must, be complete within the Q-register.)2 CPQ# ?CPQ Can't pop Q-reg< A ] command has been executed and there is nothing0 saved on the Q-register push down list.2 DTB ?DTB Delete too big< An nD command has been attempted which is not+ contained within the current page.2 ERR ?ERR ID, text< Some VAX/VMS system service call failed. The error/ message ID and text explain the error.2 FNF& ?FNF File not found "filespec"< The req$uested input file could not be located. If< this occurred within a macro the colon modified ER( or EB command may be necessary.2 IEC ?IEC Illegal E character< An invalid E command has been executed. The E< character must be followed by an alphabetic to form, a legal E command (e.g., ER or EX).2 IFC ?IFC Illegal F character0 An invalid F command has been executed.2 IIA ?IIA Illegal insert arg< % A command of the form "nItext$" was attempted.< This combination of character and text insertion is illegal.2 ILL ?ILL Illegal command< An attempt has been made to execute an invalid TECO command.2 ILN ?ILN Illegal number< An 8 or 9 has been entered when the radix of TECO is set to octal.2 IPA ?IPA Illegal P arg< The argument preceding a P or PW command is negat&ive or 0.2 IQC ?IQC Illegal " character< One of the valid " commands did not follow the ".2 IQN ?IQN Illegal Q-reg name< An illegal Q-register name was specified in one of! the Q-register commands.2 IRA ?IRA Illegal radix arg< The argument to a ^R radix command must be 8, 10, or 16.2 ISA ?ISA Illegal search arg< The argument preceding a search command is 0. This argument 'must not be 0.2 ISS" ?ISS Illegal search string< One of the search string special characters (^Q,< ^R, etc.) would have modified the search string$ delimiter (usually ESCAPE).2 IUC ?IUC Illegal ^ character< The character following an ^ must have ASCII value< between 100 and 137 inclusive or between 141 and 172 inclusive.2 MEM ?MEM Memory overflow< Insufficient memory available to co(mplete the< current command. Make sure the Q-register area< does not contain much unnecessary text. Breaking< up the text area into multiple pages might be useful.2 MRP ?MRP Missing )< There is a right parenthesis that is not matched by* a corresponding left parenthesis.2 NAB ?NAB No arg before ^_< The ^_ command must be preceded by either a< specific numeric argument or a comm)and that returns a numeric value.2 NAC ?NAC No arg before ,< A command has been executed in which a , is not( preceded by a numeric argument.2 NAE ?NAE No arg before =< The =, ==, or === command must be preceded by< either a specific numeric argument or a command& that returns a numeric value.2 NAP ?NAP No arg before )< A ) parenthesis has been encountered and is not< p*roperly preceded by a specific numeric argument or0 a command that returns a numeric value.2 NAQ ?NAQ No arg before "< The " commands must be preceded by a single numeric< argument on which the decision to execute the< following commands or skip to the matching ' is based.2 NAS ?NAS No arg before ;< The ; command must be preceded by a single numeric< argument on which the decision to execute t+he< following commands or skip to the matching > is based.2 NAU ?NAU No arg before U< The U command must be preceded by either a specific< numeric argument or a command that returns a numeric value.2 NFI ?NFI No file for input< Before issuing an input command, such as Y, it is< necessary to open an input file by use of a command such as ER or EB.2 NFO ?NFO No file for outpu,t< Before issuing an output command such as N search< or P it is necessary to open an output file by use' of a command such as EW or EB.2 NYA ?NYA Numeric arg with Y< The Y command must not be preceded by either a< numeric argument or a command that returns a numeric value.2 OFO0 ?OFO Output file already open "filespec"< A command has been executed which tried to create< an outpu-t file, but an output file currently is< open. It is typically appropriate to use the EC or< EK command as the situation calls for to close the output file.2 PDO$ ?PDO Push-down list overflow< The command string has become too complex. Simplify it.2 POP ?POP Pointer off page< A J, C or R command has been executed which< attempted to move the pointer off the page. The< resul.t of executing one of these commands must< leave the pointer between 0 and Z, inclusive. The< characters referenced by a D or m,nX command must, also be within the buffer boundary.2 SNI ?SNI ; not in iteration< A ; command has been executed outside of an open< iteration bracket. This command may only be, executed within iteration brackets.2 SRH" ?SRH Search failure "text"< A search command no /t preceded by a colon modifier< and not within an iteration has failed to find the< specified "text". After an S search fails the< pointer is left at the beginning of the buffer.< After an N or _ search fails the last page of the< input file has been input and, in the case of N,< output, and the buffer is cleared. In the case of< an N search it is usually necessary to close the9 output file and reopen it for0 continued editing.2 STL ?STL String too long< A search or file name string is too long. This is< most likely the result of a missing ESCAPE after the string.2 UTC! ?UTC Unterminated command< This is a general error which is usually caused by< an unterminated insert, search, or filespec< argument, an unterminated ^A message, an< unterminated tag or comment (i.e., unterminated !< 1 construct), or a missing ' character which closes a' conditional execution command.2 UTM ?UTM Unterminated macro< This error is the same as the ?UTC error except< that the unterminated command was executing from a< Q-register (i.e., it was a macro). (Note: An< entire command sequence stored in a Q-register must, be complete within the Q-register.)2 XAB ?XAB Execution aborted< Execution of TECO was aborted. This is usually due! to the typing of CTRL/C.2 YCA ?YCA Y command aborted< An attempt has been made to execute an Y or _< search command with an output file open, that would< cause text in the text buffer to be erased without< outputting it to the output file. The ED command controls this check.ww