CHR:	PROC (INT) RETURNS (CHAR(1));
	DCL	INT FIXED BINARY,
		STRING CHAR(1);
	UNSPEC(STRING)=UNSPEC(INT);
	RETURN(STRING);

	END;

ASCII:	PROC (STRING) RETURNS (FIXED BIN);
	DCL	STRING CHAR (*);
	DCL	C CHAR(1), X FIXED BIN;
	C=SUBSTR(STRING,1,1);
	UNSPEC(X)=UNSPEC(C);
	RETURN(X);
	END;

LEFT:	PROC (STRING,COUNT) RETURNS (CHAR(255) VARYING);
	DCL	LENGTH BUILTIN;
	DCL	STRING CHAR(*),
		COUNT FIXED BIN;
	IF COUNT<1 | COUNT>LENGTH(STRING)
	    THEN RETURN('');
	    ELSE RETURN(SUBSTR(STRING,1,COUNT) );
	END;

RIGHT:	PROC (STRING,START) RETURNS (CHAR(255) VARYING);
	DCL	LENGTH BUILTIN;
	DCL	STRING CHAR(*),
		START FIXED BIN;
	IF START<1|START>LENGTH(STRING)
	    THEN RETURN('');
	    ELSE RETURN(SUBSTR(STRING,START));
	END;

POS:	PROC(STRING,SUB,START) RETURNS(FIXED);
	DCL	(LENGTH,INDEX) BUILTIN;
	DCL	(STRING,SUB) CHAR(*);
	DCL	START FIXED;
	DCL	N FIXED;
	IF START<1 | START>LENGTH(STRING)
	    THEN N=0;
	    ELSE DO;
		    N=INDEX(SUBSTR(STRING,START),SUB);
		    IF N>0 THEN N=N+START-1;
		    END;
	RETURN(N);
	END;

INSTR:	PROC(START,STRING,SUB) RETURNS(FIXED);
	DCL	(LENGTH,INDEX) BUILTIN;
	DCL	START FIXED;
	DCL	(STRING,SUB) CHAR(*);
	DCL	N FIXED;
	IF START<1 | START>LENGTH(STRING)
	    THEN N=0;
	    ELSE DO;
		    N=INDEX(SUBSTR(STRING,START),SUB);
		    IF N>0 THEN N=N+START-1;
		    END;
	RETURN(N);
	END;

SEG:	PROC(STRING,START,END) RETURNS(CHAR(255) VARYING);
	DCL	(LENGTH,INDEX) BUILTIN;
	DCL	STRING CHAR(*),
		(START,END) FIXED BIN;
	IF START<1 | START>LENGTH(STRING) | END<START
	    THEN RETURN('');
	    ELSE IF END>LENGTH(STRING)
		    THEN RETURN(SUBSTR(STRING,START));
		    ELSE RETURN(SUBSTR(STRING,START,END-START+1));
	END;