.ifnot hlp .subtitle .left margin .page .HL 1 BASIC TEXT FORMATTING .endif hlp .fill .helpc BLANK .q _.BLANK [-n] .qq _.B [-n] .p.x BLANK skips n absolute lines. _.BLANK is like _.SKIP, except that the number of lines skipped is independent of line spacing. If the page is empty, _.BLANK does nothing. n can be negative to move to n lines from the end of the page. .ifnot small The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. _.BLANK should not be used to skip lines to leave room for artwork or figures because no lines will be skipped if the current position is at the top of a page. Values of n that are negative or greater than 6 are not allowed in footnotes or text sections. _.BLANK 6 will leave 1 inch of space on the page. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.BLANK 1 .helpc BREAK .q _.BREAK .qq _.BR .p.x BREAK causes a break. That is, the current line will be output with no justification, and the next word of the source text will be placed at the beginning of the next line. .bb .q _.BREAK LINE .qq _.BRL .p.x BREAK>LINE causes a break at the end of the next line. (Useful when defining commands.) .eb .helpc CENTER .q _.CENTER [LINE][+-n] .qq _.CENTRE [+-n] .qq _.C [LINE] [+-n] .p.x CENTER LINE .x CENTRE causes a break, and centers the following line of text in the source file. If n is not specified, the centering will be halfway between the right and left margins. If n is specified as an absolute argument (no sign), the centering will be over column n. .ifnot small If n is a relative argument, the centering will be over the default center plus the relative value of n. If a _.RIGHT command has been already specified for the current line, the _.CENTER command will be treated as an error. Tab stops are converted to single spaces for centered lines. .note The definition of n differs from the previous version of RUNOFF and DSR. .end note .if hlp .if rsx.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: TEXT .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd TEXT .endif small .test page 5 .q _.CENTER TEXT [+-n] .qq _.C TEXT [+-n] .qn _.END CENTER .qn _.ECN .x END>CENTER .p.x CENTER TEXT centers lines of text that follow until an _.END CENTER command is encountered. .ifnot small _.CENTER TEXT differs from _.CENTER LINE in that will center more than 1 line of text. Centering automatically prevents filling and justification. The argument n has the same meaning as for _.CENTER LINE. (NOT available in DSR) .endif small .helpc FIGURE .q _.FIGURE [n] .qq _.FG n .p.x FIGURE leaves n lines blank to make room for a figure or diagram. If fewer than n lines remain on the current page, the page is advanced and n blank lines are left at the top of the next page. _.FIGURE guarantees that n blank lines will be generated, while ._BLANK will does not if the position happens to be at the top or bottom of the page. .ifnot small If n is greater than the number of lines/page, an entirely blank page is produced. If a figure caption follows the figure command, it may not appear on the same page as the reserved space unless _.TEST TEXT has been used to guarantee enough space. To guarantee the caption and figure are on the same page, use _.TEXT. _.FIGURE is not allowed during footnotes. If the current page doesn't have enough space for the figure, the rest of the page is left blank and n lines are left blank at the top of the next page. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.FIGURE 1 .ifnot small .if hlp .if RSX.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: DEFERRED .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd DEFERRED .endif small .q _.FIGURE DEFERRED [n] .qq _.FGD [n] .p.x FIGURE>DEFERRED reserves n lines on the current page, or, if there is not enough room, n lines at the top of the next page. This command differs from _.FIGURE in that if there is no room for the figure on the current page, the current page will be filled with text right to the bottom line. .ifnot small Unlike _.FIGURE, this command cannot be followed by the figure caption unless the _.TEXT DEFERRED command is used. _.FIGURE DEFERRED can not be used inside a footnote, note, or text section. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. _.FIGURE DEFERRED is equivalent to: .i5;_.TEXT DEFERRED _.BLANK n _.END TEXT .ifnot hlp .NOTE _.BLANK, _.SKIP, and _.FIGURE are similar commands. If you want to leave 1 inch of space, _.BLANK 6 would be appropriate. If you need 3 lines of space, _.SKIP 3 is the correct command. If you need to leave space at the top of a page, or need a guaranteed amount of space, use _.FIGURE or _.FIGURE DEFERRED. When choosing between _.SKIP and _.BLANK, remember that _.SKIP is appropriate if you are concerned with the number of text lines to skip, where text lines may be more than 1 physical line, whereas _.BLANK is appropriate when the space to be left is an absolute value such as, for example, .5 inches (which is normally 3 physical lines). .end note .endif hlp .endif small .helpc INDENT .q _.INDENT [-n] .qq _.I [-n] .x INDENT .qq _.LEFT [-n] .qq _.L [-n] .p.x LEFT causes a break, and sets the next line to begin n spaces to the right of the left margin. .ifnot small If the value of n is negative, the next line will begin to the left of the left margin. However, a line cannot begin to the left of column 0. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.INDENT paragraph-indentation .helpc PARAGRAPH .q _.PARAGRAPH [-n], [v], [t], [b] .qq _.P [-n], [v], [t], [b] .p.x PARAGRAPH causes a break, and starts a paragraph. If n is present, it specifies the number of spaces the paragraph is to be indented. (n can also have a negative value). v is the vertical spacing, or number of lines between paragraphs. v can range from 0 to 5. t is the TEST TEXT value. If there is not room for t lines on the page, a new page is started. b is the bottom test value. It specifies the minimum number of lines allowed on the next page. .ifnot small For example, if b is 2, then any paragraph that is split between two pages will have at least 2 lines on the second page. t and b are ignored during a text section or footnote. _.PARAGRAPH is equivalent to: .i5; _.SKIP v _.INDENT n _.TEST TEXT t,b .i5;(parameter b is not available in DSR) .if hlp .if RSX.s.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: SET .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd SET .endif small .q _.SET PARAGRAPH [-n], [v], [t], [b] .qq _.SPR [-n], [v], [t], [b] .p.x SET PARAGRAPH sets the paragraph parameters without actually starting a paragraph. .ifnot small The parameters specified in this command also have an effect on the following commands: .keep tabs .nj.DHY .ts +5,+15,+15,+15,+15,+15 _.PARAGRAPH _.LIST#ELEMENT _.NOTE _.PRINT#INDEX _.DO#INDEX .j.EHY .s.i5;DEFAULT: _.SET#PARAGRAPH#$DEFPARIND$,$DEFPARSP$,2,2 .endif small .helpc RIGHT .q _.RIGHT [-n] .qq _.R [-n] .p.x RIGHT breaks the line, and places the text that follows flush with the right margin if n is zero or unspecified. If n is specified, the text is placed n spaces to the left (n positive) or n to the right (n negative) of the right margin. .ifnot small If _.RIGHT is issued after _.CENTER or _.CENTER TEXT, but before _.END CENTER, the command will be rejected with a "conflicting command" message. Tab stops are converted to single spaces for right justified lines. .endif small .q_.RIGHT TEXT [-n] .qq_.R TEXT [-n] .qn_.END RIGHT .qn_.ER .x END>RIGHT .p.x RIGHT>TEXT begins a section of text all of which is to be right justified. Each input line after this command causes a break, until an _.END RIGHT is encountered. .helpc SKIP .q _.SKIP [-n] .qq _.S [-n] .x SKIP .paragraph skips n spaced lines. The number of blank lines produced is n times the spacing. If the position is currently at the top of a page, _.SKIP does nothing. .ifnot small If n is larger than the number of lines left on the page, a new page is started but no lines are skipped on it. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. If n is negative, RUNOFF will skip n lines from the bottom of the page. Negative skips will work if the position is currently at the top of a page. Skip should not be used to leave room for artwork or figures; use _.FIGURE or _.TEXT instead. Negative skips, or skips greater than 6, are not allowed during footnotes or text sections. If n is not specified, it is assumed to be 1. If the spacing is 1, _.SKIP 6 will leave 1 inch of space. If the spacing is 2 or 3, then 2 or 3 inches will be left. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.SKIP 1 .ifnot hlp .lm .rm .HL 1 FOOTNOTE / NOTE .endif hlp .helpc FOOTNOTE .q _.FOOTNOTE .qq _.FN .p.x FOOTNOTE saves space for a footnote. When the bottom of the page is reached, the text following the _.FOOTNOTE command will be printed. If insufficient room remains on the current page, the footnote continues at the bottom of the following page. .ifnot small The text of the footnote begins on the line following the _.FOOTNOTE command, and ends with _.END FOOTNOTE. Indentation, case lock, justify, margins, spacing, bar, and fill are preserved around footnotes. In addition, all status is preserved. See _.SAVE STATUS. However, commands that affect page formatting are illegal in a footnote. A footnote within a footnote is also illegal. If the footnote overflows from the current page onto the next page, it is possible that the line referring to the footnote will also be printed on the next page. To prevent this, either preface the _.FOOTNOTE command with a command that causes a break, or place enough text between the reference and the command to guarantee a full line of text. Normally _.FOOTNOTE does not draw a line between the body of the text and the footnotes. If you want a line to be drawn automatically, use _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE. .if hlp .if rsx.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: END PERMANENT .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd END .endif small .q _.END FOOTNOTE .qq _.EFN .p.x END>FOOTNOTE causes a break, and ends a footnote. .ifnot small The previous version of RUNOFF used an exclamation point "!" to do this. The exclamation point is not supported in this version. Each _.FOOTNOTE or _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE command must be followed by an _.END FOOTNOTE command. Other versions of RUNOFF also required a parameter after the _.FOOTNOTE command. .helpd PERMANENT .endif small .q _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .qq _.PFN .p.x PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .ifnot small saves information for a permanent footnote header. This command may only be issued before other footnote commands. If it is issued and a footnote command has already been given for the current page, an error will be generated. .endif small Text following this command is taken as a permanent footnote header that is printed between the body of text on a page and the footnotes at the bottom. Permanent margins, spacing, and fill/justify mode are also set up for footnotes. .ifnot small The left margin, right margin, and spacing can be set during a permanent footnote, and their values will be restored before every subsequent _.FOOTNOTE command. For example, to separate the footnote from the text by a blank line and a divider, and to indent both margins by 2 with no justification, you could use the following sequence of instructions: .i5;(NOT available in DSR) .s.i+5; _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .i5;_.LEFT MARGIN +2 .RIGHT MARGIN -2 .NO JUSTIFY .i5; _.SKIP 2;------- footnote ------- .i5; _.END FOOTNOTE .s A permanent footnote will not be printed at the bottom of the page if no regular footnotes are declared. If the permanent footnote is longer than 6 lines, it is rejected with an error message. .endif small .s .helpc NOTE .q _.NOTE [;][title] .qq _.NT [;][title] .p.x NOTE formats notes. A note is text set off from the rest of the document by reduced margins and a centered title. .ifnot small The text of the note follows the _.NOTE command, and is terminated by an _.END NOTE command. _.NOTE skips 2 lines, reduces both margins, centers the title text (if no text is given, it centers the word "NOTE"), skips 1 more line, and issues a _.TEST#TEXT#t,b, where t and b are determined by the last _.PARAGRAPH or _.SET PARAGRAPH command. The text of the note is then printed. The same indentation is applied to both the left and right margins. The amount of indentation that is applied will be 20,15,10, or 5, whichever produces no more than a 25% reduction in the text line. If the indentation produces a text line less than the minimum, no indentation is used, and an error message is produced. .i5;Unlike DSR, notes may not be imbedded inside other notes. .endif small .q _.END NOTE [n] .qq _.EN [n] .p.x END>NOTE terminates the _.NOTE command, skips n lines, and resets the margins and spacing modes to their settings before the last _.NOTE command. .i5;DEFAULT: _.END NOTE 2