EJ 00 DFU V2.7-AlDFU027A @ ContentsB*=DECdocument V3.1h/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page@E\ CopyrightPageCopyright Page@g$K1 Introduction1 Introduction Rw' $K1.1&KSupportonDFU1.1 Support on DFU[w+ $K1.2&KGeneral description1.2 General descriptionw(? $K1.32&KNewfeaturesandbugfixesofV2.7-A1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-Alg 4 $L1.4'&L Restrictionsand Parameters1.4 Restrictions and Parameters wg%: $L1.5-&L RestrictionsonFAST-IOfeatures1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features(;w $K2UsingDFU2 Using DFU+aw. $K2.1!&K Installation procedure2.1 Installation procedure,\w, $K2.2&KSecurityandaccess2.2 Security and access6Kw# $K2.3&KRunningDFU2.3 Running DFU=nw 6 $K2.4)&KUsinganindirectfilelist2.4 Using an indirect file listC[w(($K3TheSMGoutput interface3 The SMG output interfaceEaw. $K3.1!&KEnabling/DisablingSMG3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMGFw2J $L3.2=&L Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemode3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line modeGhw3 $K3.3&&KLayoutoftheSMGscreen3.3 Layout of the SMG screenHdw0 $K3.4#&KSpecialScreencommands3.4 Special Screen commandsLMg$ $K3.5&KSideeffects3.5 Side effectsR=g $K4DFUbasics4 DFU basicsTEg$K5ODS-5features5 ODS-5 features`4g $L6DEFRAG6 DEFRAGdJw" $K6.1&K Description6.1 DescriptioneQw& $K6.2&KErrormessages6.2 Error messagesh/gEKDEFRAGDEFRAGk4g $K7DELETE7 DELETEvLg# $K7.1&K Introduction7.1 Introductionw/gELDELETEDELETE|:g $K8 DIRECTORY8 DIRECTORYLg# $L8.1&L Introduction8.1 Introduction}w(= $K8.20&K Discussionof directory compression8.2 Discussion of directory compressionWw) $K8.3&KOutput formatting8.3 Output formatting5g EK DIRECTORYDIRECTORY4g $K9REPORT9 REPORTJw" $K9.1&K Description9.1 DescriptionXw* $L9.2&LSyntaxandOutput9.2 Syntax and Output/gEKREPORTREPORT6g $K10SEARCH10 SEARCHNg$$K10.1&K Introduction10.1 IntroductionZw+$K10.2&KSyntaxandOutput10.2 Syntax and Outputbw/$K10.3!&KVolumeSet processing10.3 Volume Set processingYw*$L10.4&LOutput formatting10.4 Output formattingsw#8$L10.5*&LUICand identifier processing10.5 UIC and identifier processing/gEKSEARCHSEARCH0g$K11SET11 SETNg$$K11.1&K Introduction11.1 Introductionsw#8$K11.2*&KUICand identifier processing11.2 UIC and identifier processing)g  EKSETSET:g $K12UNDELETE12 UNDELETE@Ng$$L12.1&L Introduction12.1 IntroductionAjw3$L12.2%&LFile specificationsyntax12.2 File specification syntaxD\g,$K12.3&KHowUndeleteworks12.3 How Undelete worksFgg2$K12.4$&KFilesmarkedfordelete12.4 Files marked for deleteO3g EKUNDELETEUNDELETEP4g $K13SPAWN13 SPAWN\6g $L14VERIFY14 VERIFY]Ng$$L14.1&L Introduction14.1 Introduction^`w.$K14.2 &KBasicrepairactions14.2 Basic repair actionscfw1$K14.3#&KAdvancedrepairactions14.3 Advanced repair actionsf[w+$K14.4&K Directoryscanning14.4 Directory scanningj]w,$K14.5&K Interpretingerrors14.5 Interpreting errorsmUw($L14.6&LError reporting14.6 Error reportingn/gELVERIFYVERIFYd:* Copyright2000 ~AllRights Reserved.?ODFUV2.7-ApFFODFUDisk/File UtilitiesforOpenVMSVAXandAlpharH ORevision Information:(^Thismanual supersedesV2.6R(ODate:^ September2000h>O OperatingSystem:"^OpenVMSV6.2thru7.3d:ONote:+^PartoftheFreewareSoftware     O8OOpenVMSFreewareforVAXandAXPSystemsbOxTheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMcontainsfreesoftwaretoolsand utilitiestoaid^Osoftware developersincreating applicationsandmanagingandusingOpenVMSOsystems.fOManyofthesetoolsarepopularpackagesalreadywidelyknownandinuse,whilecOothersare internally developedCompaqtoolsour engineersaremaking availableUOtoourOpenVMS customers.,Forexample,theOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMbO_includesBliss-32forOpenVMSVAX,Bliss-32forOpenVMSAXP,andBliss-64forOOpenVMSAXP. directory.5.JRECOVERa corrupted directoryN=6.JSearchall directoriesonthediskforfileswhichhaveYmultipleversionsP7.JSearchall directoriesonthediskforaliasfileentriesA8.JSearch all directories on the diskforemptyY directories `lAlREPORT: GeneratesafileandfreespacereportHforadisk..Alsoadiskspaceusagereport,basedonHUIC/Identifier,canbe generated,evenonadiskwhich%vhasdiskquota disabled. `QSEARCH:Lookupfilesonadiskbyspecificfile attributes?M(eg.&filessizes,dates, ownership,andsoon) `OSET:This functionsallowssettingofvituallyallpossible%file attributes. `9UNDELETE:Asafefilerecovery function. `$ G$ VERIFY:Thisfunctionperformsafastdisk structureK|  verificationandcan optionallyrepaircertaindiskstruc-@ tureerrors (comparablewithANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).]KOEachfunctionis describedindetailinthe correspondingOchapter. ZIODFUis supportedonOpenVMSV6.2throughV7.3(VAXandOAlpha)."  N! $7O1.3BNewfeaturesandbugfixesofV2.7-AMOUThisversionofDFUofferssomeimprovedandnew features,SOaswellasacoupleof bugfixes.'IfyouareusingDFUonVMSMO7.2/7.3itisstrongly recommendedtoinstallthisversion.c99OThetablebelowlistsallnewfeatures:96 `m:mThe performanceonDELETE/DIR/TREEhasbeen"improvedbysome30%. `E?EDIR:AddedDIR/REBUILD_MFD qualifiertofixa/brokenMFD (000000.DIR) directory. `$NewSEARCH qualifiers: 3h1.J/ORGANIZATION=(INDEXED)|) SEQUENTIALAY|(RELATIVE(|(DIRECT):ListallfileswithRMSDY OrganizationIndexed, Sequential,RelativeorDirect.?2.J/NAME_TYPE=(ODS2'|(ISL1(|'UCS2):(searchforEYfileswithODS2, Iso-Latin-1orUnicodenametype. `p=pSET:/(NO)BCKtosetfile(s)to (NO)BACKUP.f<DELETE/DIRECTORYdidnothandlefiles correctlyAwhenthe extensionwas '.DIRxxx'.,DFU erroneously0_handledsuchfilesas directories. `>DELETE/DIRECTORYdidnothandlefiles correctlyF7whenthefilename containedaspace(ODS5only).)TheMresultwasa'Filenotfound'errorwhentryingtodeletesuchfiles. `hChIndirectinputfileswerewerenotalwaysreadinE correctly.&Thisresultedin'Filenotfound'errors.*  ne,O1.4B Restrictionsand Parameters9OUTheDFUprogramhasafew restrictions:!` `mCmDFUcannothandlevolumesetswithmorethan32members."! ^IOThe followingminimumprocessquotasare recommendedforODFUusage:$# `mmWSQUOTA:1500 `WSEXTENT:3000 `llDIOLM:40 `ASTLM:40 `kkFILLM:40 `BYTLM:30000 `ii PGFLQUOTA:30000$NIOIfyouuseDFUonvolumesetswithalargenumberofGOmembersyoumayneedtoincreasetheSYSGEN parameterO5 CHANNELCNT.%NKOIfyouusethe directorycommandonverylarge directoryNOfiles(>1000blocks)andrunintoerrorsyoumayneedto/O5increasethe following parameters:E& `mGmWSQUOTAatleast1000+size-of-largest directoryfile `2WSEXTENT:WSQUOTA+atleast1000 `l:lCTLPAGES(SYSGEN parameter):'atleast100 `<WSMAX(SYSGEN parameter):&atleastWSEXTENT' NOODonotchange parametersunlessyourunintoerrorssuchas9OEXCEEDEDQUOTAor INSUFFICIENTWORKINGSETO5LIMITS.( 2O1.5B RestrictionsonFAST-IOfeaturesFOUVMS7.1 introducedawaytoimproveI/O performance,LOcalledFAST-IO.ThisfeaturedoesonlyworkonAlpha.'DFULOwilltrytoperform directory processingusingFAST-IO.IfNO^thisfailsDFUwillswitchbackto'normal'I/O.Toenable=OFAST-IOthe following conditionsmustbemet:_)5 `m=mTheusermusthavethe identifier VMS$BUFFER_ OBJECT_USERgranted. `EMETheremustbe sufficientfreeBufferobjectspace.(Thisis:governedbytheSYSGEN parameter MAXBOBMEM.<DFUmayrequireupto1000 MAXBOBMEMpages.*N>OIfDFUcan useFAST-IOthen commands suchasAO DIR/ALIAS, DIR/VERSIONand VERIFY/DIRwillgaina+O510-15% performance improvement.+O 2.2Using!DFULOThischapter describesthe installation procedureandother8OactionswhichmustbetakentorunDFU.+ , &O2.1B Installation procedure?OUDFUmustbe installedwiththePRODUCTINSTALLJOutility.'Duringthe installationPRODUCTINSTALLdoestheO following:%-  `m=mMovesthe documentationtoSYS$HELP (Optional) `RelinksDFU `lDlCreatesthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierneededtoperformCthespecial privileged functions.'(Seechapter2.2)l.BBOTheDFUutilityinfactcontainsjust2files:/t6Om1.JSYS$SYSTEM:DFU.EXE:theDFUprogram>O2.JSYS$HELP:DFUHLP.HLB:theon-linehelpfile20EOThe installationnolonger offers an opportunity forNOprivate installation.*Ifyoudon'twantDFUtobe availableBO5 systemwideyoumustmanuallymoveDFU.EXEandthe3Ohelpfiletoyourprivate directory.1 p}IOToinstallDFUloginintoa privilegedaccount./Next,MOcopythe.PCSI installationkittodisk:[directory](maybeNO5anywhereonyoursystem).'Notethattherearetwo differentMOkits,onefortheVAXandonefortheAlpha architecture,9OnamedDEC-VAXVMS-DFU-V0207-A-1.PCSIandDEC-AO>AXPVMS-DFU-V0207-A-1.PCSI.Nextenterthe followingOcommand::O$&Product%Install%DFU/SOURCE=disk:[directory]7OThe% following&product%has&been% selected:"ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.7-A-OWDo%you%want%to% continue?%[YES] 2 BOIfyouenterYESthe installationwillproceed:RO****%DEC&VAXVMS%DFU%V2.7-A:%Disk&and%File& Utilities%for%OpenVMSNDo%you&want%all&the%default&values%for%this%product?%[YES]3 LOIfyouenterYESDFUwillbe installedwithallmanuals.MOIfyouenterNOyouwillbepromptedforthemanualsyouSO5wanttoinstall.'Finally,ProductInstallwillcontinuewiththeO installation:8O3%PCSIUI-I-DONEASK,% execution&phase&starting7O{The% following&product%will%be% installed:"ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.7-AWO,%PCSI-I-VOLINFO,& estimated%space% information%for%volume&DISK$OPENVMSVAXIOt-PCSI-I-VOLSPC,%93% required;&373793% available;&373700%netAOPortion&Done:&'0%...10%...20%...30%...70%...80%...100%8OGThe% following&product%has&been% installed:"ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.7-A4! LOIfyou installedDFUsystemwideyoumaymanuallyexecute=OSYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP.COMonanynodeintheAO5cluster.( ExecutingDFU$STARTUP.COMaddsDFU.EXEtoPOthe installedfilelistandthusimproves performance.)ifyouNOwantDFU Installedeachtimethesystembootsyoumustadd?O>thecommand@SYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUPtothefile(OSYS$STARTUP:SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM.5JONextyoumustgrantanyDFUuser includingyourselftheJO DFU_ALLPRIV identifiersiftheymustbeabletouseallIO5DFU functions.-Seechapter2.2forthemeaningofthisO identifier.6 NV$O2.2BSecurityandaccessJOUDFUhassome functionswhichmustnotbemade availableJOforgeneralusage.+ ThereforeDFUhasacertaingroupofIOcommandswhichrequiretheusertobegrantedtheDFU_HO^ALLPRIV qualifier.'The DFU_ALLPRIV identifieriscreatedNOduringthe installation procedure.*Toenableausertoper-LOformthesespecial functionsthesystemmanagermustgrant*Ohthis identifierasfollows:O$&mc& authorize/O5UAF>&grant/id& DFU_ALLPRIV&username7GOIfthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierisnotgrantedthentheusers.m:CCOAllDFU functionsneedSYSPRVorBYPASS privilege.};SO IMPORTANT n*** IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANT(< BOPleasenotethattheDFU$STARTUP.COM procedurein-JOstallsDFU.EXEwithBYPASS privilege.(BecauseofthenewFO5SPAWNcommandyoumustnotgrantnon-privilegedusersGOthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifier.* OtherwisetheycangettheHOBYPASS privilegesimplybyusingtheSPAWNcommand.'As?O>a workaroundyoucanchangetheDFU$STARTUP.COMCO proceduretoremovethe/BYPASS privilegefromtheOINSTALLcommand.?=fO2.3BRunningDFU*OUTorunDFUyoucanenter:!O$&RUN%disk:[mydir]DFUq>!G3Oor(ifDFUis installed systemwide):O$&MC&DFU?iMOYoucanalsodefineanduseasymbolforDFUasfollows:&O$&DFU%==%"$disk:[dir]DFU"OP$&DFU@$ODFUnowpromptswith:?Disk%and%File% Utilities%for&OpenVMS%DFU&V2.7-APFreeware%version= Copyright&(C)%2000&COMPAQ%COMPUTER% CorporationODFU> A 5EOYoucannowenterDFU commands.*HELPgivesyouon-HOlinehelp.*AftereachcommandDFUreturnstotheDFU>IO5prompt.-Youcanrecallandedit commands,justaswithNODCL(20commandswillbestoredintherecallbuffer).)UseIOEXITorCTRL/ZtoleaveDFU.IfyouuseasymbolforLO>DFU,youalsoprocessasinglecommandandreturntoDCLO immediately:'O$DFU&SEARCH%disk/qualifiersdB:FODuringaDFUrun,youcan interruptDFUwithCTRL/CLOorCTRL/Y.These interruptsarecaughtbyDFUtoallowaGO5correctrundownofthecurrentcommand.*Itmaythere-MOforetakesometimebeforeDFUrespondstoaCTRL/CorYO interrupt.C=^.O2.4BUsinganindirectfilelist@OUThereare3 commands, DIRECTORY,DEFRAGandSETLOwhichacceptanindirectfileasinput parameter.,ThisisSOachievedbyusingthe@sign.*Anindirectfileisafilecon-VO^tainingalistofvalid filenames(eachlineinsuchafilemustPOcontainexactlyone filename).(Suchindirectfilescanbethe;OoutputfileoftheDFUSearchcommandeg.:O$&DFU8ODFU>&SEARCH% mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.x(O$DFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x*DE! r)O 3.2The!SMG!output" interfaceEODFUusesSMG(Screen management routines)toperformOOoutputforan interactiveDFUsession.'Thischapter describesJOBthelayoutoftheDFUscreen,thespecialcommandsusedROonlyintheSMG interfaceandotheritemswithrespecttotheOSMG interface.F)&O3.1BEnabling/DisablingSMGIOUDFU automaticallyselectsSMGoutputifyourunanin-JO teractiveDFUsessiononaterminalor workstationwhichJOsupportsSMG.Inabatchjoboranon-DECterminalDFUPO^willusenormallineorientedoutput.)Youcan explicitlydis-COableSMGbydefiningthelogical DFU$NOSMGtoanyOvalue.G BO3.2B Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemodeLOUYoumayprefertoperform interactiveDFUsessionsinSMGJOmode,andsingleDFUcommandsinnormallinemode.(ThisKOcanbedonebyusingthecommand procedurelistedbelow:AOo$!% Procedure%to%switch&beteen%SMG%and&line%modeO$&DFU%=&"$DFU"O$&if&p1&.eqs.&""OG$&then O $!Interactive&session0O$& define/user& sys$input% sys$commandO$&dfuOg$&else-O$!Single%command&so&disable%SMG&O$& define/user& dfu$nosmg%x@O?$&dfu%'p1'&'p2'%'p3'%'p4'&'p5'%'p6'%'p7'&'p8'O$&endifO$&exit>AH "+O3.3BLayoutoftheSMGscreenBOUAfterstartingDFUthescreenlooksasfollows:[O+-----------------------<&DFU%V2.7-A% (Freeware)%>---------------------------+ O"| d "|BOi|Disk&and%File& Utilities%for%OpenVMS%DFU%V2.7-A d i|O|Freeware%version d |>O| Copyright%%2000&COMPAQ%COMPUTER% Corporation d | OA| d A|#O|DFU% functions&are%: d | O| d |-O| DEFRAGMENT&:% Defragment%files d |OOa|DELETE:%Delete&files&by&File-ID;&delete% directory%(trees) d a|2O| DIRECTORYK:% Manipulate% directories d |;O|REPORT:%Generate%a%complete%disk&report d |*O9|SEARCH:%Fast%file&search d 9|O|SET%:%Modify&file% attributes d |1O|UNDELETEp:%Recover%deleted&files d |;O|VERIFY:%Check%and&repair%disk& structure d | OY| d Y| O| d |WOM+----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+ O1| d 1| Oy| d y|WOM+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+t DFU>aI77OThisscreenisdividedinto3 sections:XJ. `mNmMainScreen:)thetoppartofthescreenisusedfortheAoutputfromDFU commands.*Also broadcastmessages&aresendtothiswindow. `J Statistics:,thelowerpartcontains statisticsfromtheBcurrentcommand.*DuringmostofthecommandsthisLOscreenwillcontainaprogress indicatorandastatusfor thecurrentcommand. `'K'DFUprompt:(thebottomlineisusedastheinputcom-mandline.*KtLnu(O3.4BSpecialScreencommandsMOUInSMGmodethe followingkeysperformspecial functions:M `mDmDO:invokesa subprocess(sameastheSPAWNcom-mand) `EFEHELPorPF2:+invokesaspecialSMGwindowforthehelpcommand. `)CTRL/W:redrawsthescreen `APF4:1createsascreendumpintothefileDFU_ SCREEN.TXT `t>tPREVSCREEN:Scrollsbacktheoutputscreen. `@NEXTSCREEN:Scrollsforwardtheoutputscreen `s3sINSERTHERE:Scrollsbackoneline `0REMOVE:Scrollsforwardoneline `q=qSELECT:Togglesbetween80and132columns.N! WPOAlthoughonlysome20linesarevisibleintheoutput(main)IOscreenDFUinfact remembers500outputlines.+YoucanKO5scrollbackandforwardthroughonescreenwiththeNEXTEOandPREVSCREENkeys,andonelinewiththeREMOVEJOandINSERTHEREkeys.'Atthe beginningofeachnewDFU.O>commandtheselinesarecleared.OLOIfyouexecuteacommandwhichproducesalotofoutput,LOyoucanpaginatetheoutputbyusingthe/PAGE qualifier.*PFOOna workstationwithDECwindows/MotifyoucanchangeKOtheDECtermsizetobemorethanthestandard24lines.JO5DFU'sSMGscreenwill automaticallyadjusttothescreen%OsizeofsuchaDecTerm.*QR! )O3.5BSideeffectsLOUThereareafewsideeffectswhenusingSMGmode.&CTRL/CIOandCTRL/Yarecatchedbutnotechoed.-Alsoallbroad-OOcastmessagesaretrappedandwillbe displayedinthemainJO^screenattheendofthecurrentDFUcommand.( SometimesJOthismayslightlydisruptthemainscreen,whichcanbe+OrepairedwiththeCTRL/Wkey.S! NLOFurther,duringthe executionofaDFUcommandthecursorLOwill disappear.*Afterthecommandfinishesthecursorwill*O5reappearattheDFU>prompt., T[O 4.2DFU!basicsRONote:*thischapterismeantforfirsttimeusersofDFU.IfIOyoualreadyusedDFUbeforeyoumayprobablyskipthisOBchapter.U NLOThischaptergivesabriefoverviewofthecommandswhichNOcanbeusedwithDFU,andhowtheycanprovidethesystem5O5managerwiththe necessary information.&V JOOneofmostcommonactionsbyasystemmanageristry-UOingtolocatespecificfileseg.-fileswithacertainfilesize.JO5AlthoughalotcanbedonewiththeVMS DIRECTORYcom-POmandthiscanbeatime consumingprocess, especiallyiftheFOcompletediskmustbescanned.)TheSEARCHcommandofSO>DFUisexactlymeantforthis situation.'ItgivesaveryquickVOlistofspecificfiles,withtheirsize,andifneededthenumberFOoffile fragments.'SomeusefulSEARCHcommandsare:HOtDFU>&SEARCH%disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000&(files%>&1000%blocks)EODFU>&SEARCH%disk/IDENT=SYSTEM%(files%owned%by%SYSTEM)YODFU>&SEARCH%disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10%(files&with%at%least%10% fragments)KOLDFU>&SEARCH%disk/CHAR=MARKED&(all%files%marked&for%delete)]ODFU>&SEARCH%disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY&(all%files%created%since% YESTERDAY)WWKOOfcoursethese qualifierscanbecombinedtonarrowtheDOsearch.)AstheSEARCHcommandscans INDEXF.SYS,notHO5 directories,theoutput generatedbySEARCHmaylookaTObitrandom(butitisjusttheorderinwhichthefileheadersMOareinthe INDEXF.SYSfile).)TosmooththeoutputusetheO>/SORT qualifier.X! MOAnother importantactionforasystemmanageristogatherOOsomeoveralldisk information,suchasnumberoffiles,freeJO5space statisticsand fragmentation information.&TheREPORTLOcommandwillgeneratesuchadiskreport.)Togetindivid-OOualdiskspaceusage informationthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeTO>used.'ThiswillworkevenifthereisnodiskquotaenabledonOthedisk.DYJOAtregular intervalsasystemmanagermayneedtocheckAOadiskwith ANALYZE/DISK.TheDFUVERIFYcommandNO5providesmoreorlessthesame functionalitybutmanytimesHOfaster.+The/FIX qualifierprovidessomeREPAIRoptionsBOwhich(unlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR)doNOTlocktheNO>disk,andthusdonot interferewithotherdisk operations.KOHowever,thediskcanberebuilt completelybyusingtheO/REBUILD qualifier.Z iSO Occasionalyauserwilldeletethewrongfile,leavingthesys-MOtemmanageroroperatorwiththetedioustaskof restoringGO5thefilefromabackupset.(TheUNDELETEcommandmayTObeabletorecoverthefileifithasnotyetbeen overwrittenJOwithanewone.,MuchcarehasbeentakentomakethisLO>commandassafeas possible; thereforenodisk corruptionsJOwillbetheresultofan UNDELETE.IfDFU encountersaNOproblemwithadeletedfileitwillrefusetoUNDELETEit.7[  LOAnothertypeoftypicalsystemmanagerproblemsdealswith?O directories.,TheDFUcommand DIRECTORYcanhan-HO5dlesuch problems.( DIRECTORYcangeneratereportsaboutIOempty directories(/EMPTY qualifier)or directorieswhichMOcontainfileswithacertainnumberofversions (/VERSION=nIO> qualifier).-Also, directoriesmaybecome internallyfrag-GOmented.*Thiscanbequicklysolvedwiththe /COMPRESSO qualifier.E\ LOAsecondproblemwith directoriesisindeletingadirec-JOtorywithmanyfiles.,ThismaytakeseveralhoursusingO5aDCLDELETE @* 5. @*165command.+Thisproblemissolvedby=OusingDFU'sDELETE/DIRECTORYcommandwhichcanPOdeletelarge directoriessome10timesfasterthanthenormal?O>DELETEcommanddoes.*Also,usingDELETE/DIR/TREEOOwilldeleteacomplete directorytreewithjustonecommand.]JOThelast2commandsdealwith individualfiles.,SETal-JOlowssettingsofsomespecialfile attributes..SinceVMSJO5V6.0this functionalityisalsoprovidedbytheDCLSETAOFILE/ATTRIBUTEcommand,butDFU'sSETofferssomeJOmoreoptions.(TheDEFRAGcommandisan interfacetotheGO>MOVEFILEfunctionofferedbyVMS5.5andhigher.)ThisDOallowsasimpledefragmentationof individualfiles.^nOOThenextchaptersgivesadetailed descriptionofeachindi-OvidualDFUcommand.*_` nO 5.2ODS-5!featuresKOVMS7.2 introducesan extensiononthecurrentODS2fileKOsystem,calledtheExtendedFileSpecifications,orODS-5.MOBThisfeatureis availableonlyonAlphasystems.*Also,VMSTO7.2addssupportfor255levelsofsubdirectories.(ThisisoftenKOcalleddeep-directorysupport.*BothfeaturesarenowfullyLOL supportedbyDFUV2.7-A.ThereisnoneedtoperformanyHOspecialactiontoexecuteDFUcommandsonODS-5disks.NO Neverthelessthe followingpointsareworthtobe considered>OUbeforeusingDFUonVMS7.2andODS-5disks:adKOm1.JItishighly recommendedtoaddthe followingcommandto LOGIN.COM:(K$%SET%PROCESS/PARSE=EXTENDEDb GWThisallowseasyusageofthenewfilenamingschemeH(suchas lower-case character,multipledotsinafilename).PO2.JFilenamescanbecomelarge,eithertroughthefilename,Iorbecausewecanhave255levelsofsubdirectories.+AH9filenamelongerthan255 characterswillbe abbreviated+intoa so-calledDID-edname.cNNOADID-ednamelookslike'device:[x,y,z]file.ext'.+AscanbeNOseenthe directorystringhasbeenreplacedbythefileid.O5(x,y,z)oftheparent directory.dO 6.2DEFRAGCOThischapter describestheDEFRAGcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.e nO6.1B DescriptionHOUTheDEFRAGcommandcanbeusedto defragmentasingleSOfileoragroupoffiles.)Youcanalsoenteranindirectcom-UOmandfile containingalistoffiles.(ThisfeatureallowsyoutoOO^createanoutputfilewithSEARCHandusethatasaninputOtoDEFRAG.f NFODEFRAGmakesuseofthefile-primitiveMOVEFILEfunc-LOtion.* Thereforefileswhichareopen,orwhicharemarked.O5NOMOVEwillnotbe DEFRAGmented.*g hn_O6.2BErrormessagesAOUThemostcommonerrorsreturnedbyDEFRAGare:i `m8m ACCONFLICT:Fileisopenbyanotheruser `A DEVICEFULL:Devicehasnotenough contiguousfree,Espacetomovetheentirefile `7 FILNOTACC:FilehasbeensettoNOMOVE. `DCD FILENUMCHK:Youtriedtomoveareservedfile(eg INDEXF.SYS). `CRMSErrors:-Almostalwayscausedbyaninvalidor$twrongfile specifcation.*j  !:kODEFRAG*lomEEO Defragmentafileoralistoffilesonthedisk.`n6OFormat&OsDEFRAGMfile1,file2,@file...koAO ParametersOsfile1,file2,@file...POThefile(s)tobe defragmented.)YoucanalsouseanindirectRO$commandfile(@file)whichcontainsalistoffilestobede-LO| fragmented.)Thismaybeanoutputfile generatedwiththe!O SEARCH/OUTPUTcommand.p! O QualifiersOs/BESTTRYNONormallyDEFRAGtriestocreatea contiguousfile.)IfthereOO$isnotenough contiguousfreespacethe operationwillfail.LO|Withthe/BESTTRY qualifierDEFRAGtriestomovethefileHOwiththecontiguous-best-trymethod.)Thismeansamaxi-OO-mumof3 fragments.'Youshouldonlyusethis qualifierwhenGOanormalDEFRAGfails.)IfaDEFRAG/BESTTRYalsofailsROthisisan indicationthatthedisk'sfreespaceistoofrag-JO7mented.(RunaREPORTtoseewhatthelargest contiguousOOfreespaceis,andcheckthefreespace fragmentationindex.%qO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeGODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifierany-LO2more.*HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromPOanothersourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.OExample:;hDFU>%SEARCH&#mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.xDFU>%DEFRAG&@x.xr#O/LBN=logical-block-numberTO(Forcesasinglefiletobemovedtothe specifiedlogicalblockOOnumber.*Donotusethis qualifierwhen processingalistofOfiles.sO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.tO /WRITECHECKMO(Performa writecheckonthe resultantfile.+ThedefaultisAO/NOWRITECHECK.Notethata writecheckdoublesthe,OnumberofinvolveddiskI/O's.*u! "vO 7.2DELETECOThischapter describestheDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers. "!#wnZO7.1B Introduction?OUTheDELETEcommandisdesignedfor2 purposes:~x! TQOm1.JDeleteafilebyfileid(withthe/FILE qualifier).,ThisO functionalityisneededtobeabletodeletefileswhichnoLlongerhaveaparent directory.)Thisway'lost'filesandIw (sometimes)filesmarkedfordeletecanberemovedfromadisk.NOO2.JAfastmethodtodeleteacomplete directoryorevenaD directorytree(withthe /DIRECTORYand/TREEqual-Oifier).)Firstallentriesofa directoryaredeletedwithoutMYremovingthe directoryentry;thissavesalotofunnec-Lessary directoryupdates.*Finallythe directoryfileitselfK isdeleted,unlessthe/KEEP qualifierisused.*ThiswayHba directoryiscleanedupmanytimesfasterthanwiththeDCLDELETE * . **command.,Onlarge directoriesIDFUmaybeeven10ormoretimesfasterthanDCL.ToKldeleteacomplete directorytreeusethe/TREE qualifier.1TheDCLcommandDELETE [.SUBDIR...] * . * #; 3*twillal-Imostalwaysfailtodeletethe intermediate subdirectoryMvfilesforcingyoutoissuethiscommandseveraltimes.'TheBDFUDELETEcommandissmartenoughtodeletetheO'filesandthe subdirectoryfilesintheproperorder;there-Kforeonlyonecommandis sufficienttodeleteacomplete directorytree.y! !GWThe/KEEP qualifierallowsyoutopreservethedirec-Ptorytree.'Thecontentsaredeletedbutthe directoryfile(s)remainsintact.z !QWIfafilecannotbedeletedforsomereason(suchasafileRaccess conflict)thefilewillstayatitsplacetogetherwith!theparent directory.*{#"$:|ODELETE*}T~**ODeletesfilesor directories.lBOFormat2OsDELETEN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s)=}O ParametersOsdeviceGOThedeviceonwhichtoperformtheDELETE/FILE=file-idO$command.c K9Odirectory-file(s)QO(Thefilespecificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperformthe@ODELETE/DIRECTORYcommand.*Wildcardfile specifica-MOtionsmaybeused.)DFUwill automaticallyadd.DIRtothe@O2filespecificationifafiletypeisnot provided.* O QualifiersOs /DIRECTORYMOSpecifythe directoryfilewhichmustbedeleted.* WildcardsJO$maybeusedbutmustbeusedvery carefully.+MakesureNO|thatthe directorydoesnotcontain non-emptysubdirectories.TONotethatthe directoryfileitselfwillalsobedeleted,unless*O-the/KEEP qualifierisused.OExample:OM$&DIR%EXAMPLE%O Directory%MYDISK:[RUBBISH]O  EXAMPLE.DIR;1O$&DFU-ODFU>&DELETE/DIRECTORY% EXAMPLE.DIREO:%DFU-I-CLEANUP,%Deleting% MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% DBGINI.COM;3%deleted4O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% ICON.COM;1&deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% I_FOOL.COM;1%deleted9OZ%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%LOGICALS.COM;51%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGIN.COM;79%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGOUT.COM;4%deleted=O2%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3&deleted6Oy%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% SHOWCL.COM;3%deleted8O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%SYMBOLS.COM;89%deleted8O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File%TPUBUILD.COM;5%deleted-OQ  %DFU-S-TOTAL,&11&file(s)%deleted7O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File% EXAMPLE.DIR;1&deleted*]L :3O /FILE=file-idLO(Specifyacompletefile-id (num,seq,rvn)ofthefilewhichUOmustbedeleted.)This qualifierallowsthedeletionoflostfiles5Oorfilesmarkedfordelete.'Example:O^$&DFUODFU>&VERIFY%MYDISK::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK1OW%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS...XO%DFU-E-INVBAKFID,%file& (86,17915,1)%0004CF04$BFS.;1%has&invalid%backlinkZO%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (537,2878,1)%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1%marked%for&delete t/. tw. t.0O(DFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1)9Op%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%0004CF04$BFS.;1%deleted0ODFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1)@O!%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1&deleted*! O/KEEPRO(Preservethe directorytree;onlydeletethe contents.'/KEEPisKOonlyvalidwiththe /DIRECTORY qualifier.'/KEEPworksfor+O DELETE/DIRandDELETE/DIR/TREE.mO/NOLOGKO(Donotlog succesfulldeletesto SYS$OUTPUT./LOGistheOdefault.O /NOREMOVEGO(Canonlybeusedwith/FILE.Default DELETE/FILEwillTOtrytoremovethefilefromtheparent directory.(Ifthefile'sQObacklinknolongerpointstoavalid directorythiswillgen-GO2erateanerror.+The /NOREMOVE qualifier overrulesthisTOAnindirectcommandfile containingalistoffilescanbeusedIOasa parameterto /COMPRESSor/DUMP.Suchalistcan>O5be generatedwiththeSEARCHcommand.'Example:;ODFU>&SEARCH%#disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x(ODFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x3  HOCaution:+Careshouldbetakenwhen compressingcriticalQOsystem directories.(Tobesafeyoushouldfirstusethe/TESTKO5 qualifierbefore compressingthe directory.)AnotherproblemMOmaybecausedbya systemcrashjustwhenDFUis rewritingMOthenew compressed directory (althoughthechancethatthisLO>happensisverysmall).(Whenthishappensyoucanrecover?Othefilesby executingthe following procedure:uKDOm1.JDoa$SET FILE/NODIRofthe corrupted directory>O2.JDeletethe directoryandcreateanewoneHOl3.JDoa$ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR;thiswillmoveallthe%lostfilesto [SYSLOST].HOD4.JMovethefilesfrom [SYSLOST]tothenewlycreated directory.*&%' 5O8.2B Discussionof directory compression@OUTheDIRECTORY/COMPRESSfunctionwillimproveper-MOformanceonlarge directories.(Therearesomeoptionswhich/Ocanfurtherenhance performance:  , `mFm /TRUNCATE:Whena directoryis compressed,thefreeNspacewillbeattheendofthe directory.+ Therefore,ifKnewfilesareaddedVMSiscapableofusingthisspace,Ewandavoida directory entension.'The /TRUNCATEqual-Hifier overrulesthis behaviourby immediately truncating0(thefreespacebacktothedisk. `? /FILL_FACTOR:NormallyDFUtriestocompressasJmuchas possible.)However,itmaybebettertodeliber-JYatelycreateextrafreespaceintoeach directoryblock.EThiscanbedoneusingthe/FILL_FACTOR=n qualifier.N Eg:)afillfactorof50%willresultin approximatelyhalfObofeachblockbeingfree.(Notethata fill_factorlowerthaC100%mayresultinanerror DFU-E_EXTERR;inthat5caseahigherfactormustbechoosen.[LOSo,whatstrategyshouldbeusedwhen compressingdirecto-Ories? fCOm1.JInactive directories:&useDIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.BO2.JNotveryactive directories:/use DIR/COMPRESSE(/TRUNCATE=n).OO3.JActive directories,filesaddedattheend(suchasMAIL@ directories):'use DIR/COMPRESSwithout /TRUNCATEOO4.JActive directories,filesaddedinrandom alphabeticalor->der:'useDIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n,nbetweenM50and75.*i'&(] w3!O8.3BOutput formattingJOUThe qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithDIRECTORY/VERSION.KOThisallowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyFOfromtheoutput generatedbythe DIR/VERSIONcommand.7O^/FORMAThasthe following restrictions:: EOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/VERSIONandthe/OUTPUT qualifier.POE2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASlocation !dOExample:RODFU>&4DIR/VERSION=4/OUTPUT=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3%!AS"%mydisk*s (')=O DIRECTORY*S))OPerforms directory functions.oEOFormat5Os DIRECTORYN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s) =O ParametersOsdevicePOThedeviceonwhichtoperformoneofthediskwide directoryO$ functions.! Odirectory-files(s)NO(Thefile specificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperform?Othe/CREATE, /COMPRESS,/DUMPor/RECOVERfunc-HOtion.' /REBUILD_MFDrequiresadevicenameonly(assumesKO2 000000.DIR implicitly).*WildcardfilespecificationsmaybePOused.'DFUwill automaticallyadd.DIRtothefilespecification-Oifafiletypeisnot provided.` 6O QualifiersOs/ALIASOOThe/ALIAS qualifierdirectsDFUtoscanall directoriesforOO$aliasfileentriesonadisk.+NormallyonlythesystemdiskRO|shouldcontainaliasfiles.'This qualifiercanbecombinedwith"O /VERSION=nand/EMPTY. O /ALLOCATE=nJO(Usedin combinationwith/CREATE.Createsthenewdirec-;Otorywithan allocatedsizeof'n'blocks.q J]O /COMPRESSHO(Performsthe directory compressionunless/TESTisalsoPO specified.+TheoutputwillshowtheresultsintermsoffileOsizes.'Example:+O^DFU>&DIR/COMP&OWN$:[000000]MAIL_O %DFU-S-DONE,%OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1:&31&files;%was%:%4/9,&now%:&3/3%blocksO1DFU>O/CREATEOO(Createanew,empty directory.*The allocatedsizewillbe14Oclusterunless /ALLOCATEis specified.UO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeBODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifier.NO2HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromanotherMOsourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.+ThisJO qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith /COMPRESSO<or/DUMP. f K O/DUMPMO(Produceablockleveldumpofa directory.)/DUMPwillin-QOterpretthe directoryentriesfoundineachblock.'A directoryLOentrycontainsasize,version-limit,typeandnamefield.QO2Nextthe directoryentrycontainsalistofversionsandfileNOID'sforthisentry.*/DUMPwillproducearatherlowlevel4Ooutputofthis information.'Example:OhDFU>&DIR/DUMP&C.DIR'ODUMP&of& directory%block%1KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.EXE-aVersion:%3,%FID%:% (1027,1456,0)NOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(13):& CHKDSK.README.Version:%2,%FID%:%(33892,1171,0).9Version:%3,%FID%:%(1256,11234,0)KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.SAV-Version:%2,%FID%:% (13947,100,0)LOSize:%24,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(11):& CHKDSK.SAVE.YVersion:%1,%FID%:%(12531,2114,0)OOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(14):&CHKDSK_LNK.COM,Version:%2,%FID%:% (12314,72,0)EO1Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%C_D.C,yVersion:%3,%FID%:% (32650,32,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.EXE+ Version:%9,%FID%:% (2675,64,0)GOPSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.OBJ,Version:%4,%FID%:% (9835,117,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_2.C-( Version:%15,%FID&:% (12428,84,0)IOp Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_2.OBJ, Version:%9,%FID%:% (8439,119,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.CLD,H Version:%3,%FID%:% (9777,178,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.OBJ, Version:%2,%FID%:% (9737,161,0)GO Size:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_4.C.h Version:%3,%FID%:%(10594,1580,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_4.OBJ- Version:%2,%FID%:% (10177,109,0)'Oa DUMP&of& directory%block%2EO Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%DFU.C. Version:%169,&FID%:& (31123,52,0) tZ . t . t .IO2 %DFU-I-TOTAL,&%OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1:%42%files*O/EMPTYKO(The/EMPTY qualifierwillproducealistofemptydirec-HOtories..This qualifiercanbecombinedwith/ALIASandO /VERSION=n.]3O/FILL_FACTOR=nPO( Specifies,in percentage,thefillingof directoryblocksdur-GOinga /COMPRESS operation.+FillfactormaybebetweenMO50and100.*Omittingthis qualifieristhesameas/FILL_AO2 FACTOR=100(maximum compression).,Ifthe directoryLOhasnotenough allocatedspacealowfillfactormayre-OOsultinfailureoftheCompress operation.*DFUwillissueaHO< DFU-E-EXTERRerror,andthe directoryfilewillnotbeO modified.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT. ! O /REBUILD_MFDAO(Syntax:&DIRECTORY/REBUILD_MFDThisqual-LOifiercausesthemasterfile directory (000000.DIR)oftheO5 /NOVOLUME,NOFILEandNOBITMAP qualifiers.+AlsoIOthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeusedby displayinginforma-LOtionofaspecificUICor Identifiersimplyby specifying0O> /USAGE=or/USAGE=.+ *,"O9.2BSyntaxandOutput4OUThesyntaxofthereportcommandis:)ODFU>&REPORT%device/QUALIFIERS bMOBelowfollowsanexampleandoutputofthereportcommand:*O*DFU>&REPORT%USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE=O%DFU-I-REPORT,% Reporting%on%USER3:& ($1$DUA102:)F*****&Volume%info&for%USER3:%(from%HOME%block)%*****tDVolume&nameDD:JUSER3tVolume&ownerD:JSYSTEMtVolume&set%name D:+------------------------------------------------------------+p%Oz A0->|***....***********.************.******...*********..********|K6%U F208360->|************************************************************|&13%U/ F416721->|************************************************************|&20%Uw F625081->|******************************************************.*****|&26%U F833442->|*******..*********************************..****************|&33%VG1041802->|******.**.*********...********.*****.*******...*.**..*.***..|&40%WO.1250163->|.*..*****************....*.....**.*.%..*****.***..****.K..*|&46%W1458523->|**********.%1.*******************************************.**.|&53%W1666884->|.**...K.......%-.*******...**********.*..***********..******|&60%S'1875244->|***..J....*...**********.p ..*********..**************|&66%Xn32083605->|*********************************.*****..p.****...&.%....%|&73%W 2291965->|% ..*******....J-......**************************************|&80%R2500326->|****..*****.*****.**.".********...*.*****..*******.*..*|&86%WF62708686->|.*******..*******.***..*.****************.*.%.*...**********|&93%E2917047->|..**..*********************.******..K .*******. |100%H>+------------------------------------------------------------+ct*%:&Fully& allocated,%.%:&Partial% allocated,%&:%Free,%3472%blocks%eachDtFree%space% distribution,&each%*%=K2100Kfree&blocksN*****&Disk%Usage%Table%(from% INDEXF.SYS%and% QUOTA.SYS)%*****t8Identifier/UIC38Used/AllocatedpHeaderspQuota& Used/PermStI-------------------------------------------------------------------------t [SSG,MRX]( 42079/463562259 48615/60000t [SSG,TESTJE], 189306/2547424935 259677/300000tX[SSG,LARGEUSER](X 47961/502381648 51886/65000t[SYSTEM]- 499554/5056264954510580/2000000 t. t0. tx.i??OThevariousitemshavethe followingmeaning:E! = JOm1.JTheheadercountis calculatedbasedonthesizeofA INDEXF.SYS.Ifmoreheadersareneeded INDEXF.SYS hastobe extended.KO2.JThefreeheadersgivesthenumberoffreeentriesin2 INDEXF.SYSbeforeithastoextend.COv3.JThe INDEXF.SYSnumberof fragmentsandmapwordsHinusearevery importantfiguresto determineiftheF' INDEXF.SYSfilecanbe extended.'The theoreticalmax-Dimumnumberofmapwordsis155.*ThisvaluemaybeGlessifthereareACL'son INDEXF.SYS.Each fragment,K0and thereforeeach retrievalpointermustbeinthemap-Hwordarea.-Asthesizeofa retrievalpointerdependsPonthephysicalsizeofadisk,itisnoteasytosayhow@:many fragments INDEXF.SYScanstoreinthemap-Kwordsarea.(IfthemapwordareaisfulltheINDEXFfileJcannolongerextend,andcreatingnewfilesmayresult,DinaSYSTEM-W-HEADERFULLerror.KO4.JFileswhichhaveexactly1 retrievalpointerarecon-Fsideredtobe contiguous.-Thisdoesn'tmeanthatthe:t CONTIGUOUSbitissetinthefileheader.OO5.JTheaverage fragmentsperfilegivesome indicationabout*Lthetotalfilefragmentation.KO6.JThefileandfreespace fragmentationindex classifies$$ yourdiskasfollows:~ hYh0-1:' Excellent Y1-2:'Good fYf2-3:'Fair Y3-4:'Poor eYe>4:&Bad KWIfyourindexisgreaterthan3youshouldconsiderde-E fragmentingthediskusingCOMPAQ'sDFO software,byH performinganImageBACKUP/Restore,orofcourseby-ausingDFU's DEFRAG/DISKcommand.PO7.JThelargestfreeextentisausefulfigurefor defragmen-H9tation purposes.*Youcannot defragmentafilewhenits/sizeisgreaterthanthisvalue. iIOWhenusing/GRAPHthedisk'sfreespace distributionisNOshownasabitmapimage.'Eachpositioninthegraphrepre-OO5sentsacertainnumberofblocks(intheexampleabove3472KOblocks).+Thisbitmapimagegivesaquick impressionabout8Othefreespace distributiononthedisk. QOIfyouusethe/USAGE qualifierasortedusagetablewillbeLOadded.+Per Identifier/UICtheblocksused/allocated,andMO5thenumberoffileheadersareshown.*If Diskquotaisen-POabledathirdcolumnwillbeincludedwhichshowstheblocksCOused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYS.Normallyquota2O>shouldsatisfythe followingrule:DtQuota%used%=&blocks% allocated%+%#&of&file%headers* ,+-:OREPORT*sIIOCreateafileandfreespacereportofadiskdevice.U+OFormatOsREPORTM device[:]=O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe reported.(Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name.HO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. O/GRAPHMO(This qualifier generatesagraphtablewhich visualizesthePOfreespace distributiononthedisk.'/NOGRAPHisthedefault. vO /NOBITMAPKO(The /NOBITMAP qualifier suppressesthe"Freespacestatis-Otics"output. A`O/NOFILEOO(The/NOFILE qualifier suppressedthe"File Statistics"output.hO /NOVOLUMEDO(The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppressesthe"Volumeinfo"Ooutput.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.& &O /USAGE(=uicor identifier)MO(The/USAGE qualifierwillgeneratea diskspaceusagereportPObasedonIdentifiers/UIC.If diskquotaisenabledonthediskJOtheblocksused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYSwillalsoMO2beshown.(/USAGEisveryusefulwhen diskquotaisnoten-ROabledonthedisk.(WhenaUICor identifieris specifiedonlyPOthe informationforthisUICor identifierwillbe displayed.*-,.O 10.2SEARCHCOThischapter describestheSEARCHcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.".-/ O10.1C IntroductionNOUThesearchfunctionallowsveryquick disk-widesearchesforUOspecificfiles.(Youcanusealmostanypossiblefile attributeasOasearch qualifier./.0|#O10.2CSyntaxandOutput0OUThecommandsyntaxforSEARCHis:)ODFU>&SEARCH%device/qualifiers :[OOTheoutputis displayedonyour terminal.)YoucanalsosortOOtheoutputwiththe/SORT qualifier.(Theoutputisshownin O52or3columnseg:0ODFU>&SEARCH%MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT t. tI.'O$1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1 o1/3  1/1 t. t!. WPOThefirstcolumnshowsthefullfilename.(ThedevicenameNOisincludedinthefilename.)ThesecondcolumnsshowstheQO5filesizeasactual/allocatedsize.*The3rdcolumnisoptionalIOandwillonlybeshownwhenthe /FRAGMENT qualifierisMOused.,Itshowsthenumberof fileheaders/numberoffileO> fragments.0/1 x'O10.3CVolumeSet processingEOUSEARCHchecksifthedeviceto-be-searchedismemberROofavolumeset.*Ifso,thecompletevolumesetwillbepro-KOcessed,startingwithRelativeVolumeNumber1uptothePO^lastmemberinset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwiththeO /NOVOLSET qualifier.102Q w'"O10.4COutput formattingJOUThe qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithSEARCH.Thisal-NOlowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyfromtheDOoutput generatedbytheSEARCHcommand.'/FORMAThas)O^the following restrictions: hVKOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/OUTPUT qualifier,andHcannotbeusedtogetherwiththe/FULLorthe/SORT qualifiers.PO2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASOlocationl !cOExample:QODFU>&(SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF%!AS"/FILE=*.LOG&mydisk*213 h0O10.5CUICand identifier processingGOUVersionV2.4 introducedanimprovedhandlingofUIC's.JOPreviousversionsofDFUonlyacceptedanumericUICinMOthe/OWNER qaulifieroran identifierinthe/IDENTquali-QO^fier.)V2.4andlaternowacceptsallvalidUICand identifierEOformats(numericand alphanumeric)inthe/OWNERandOO/IDENT qualifiers.' Technicallythereisnolongeranydiffer-TOhencebetweenthesetwo qualifiers,buttheywillbeleftinfor!O compatibilityreasons.>3;24:OSEARCH*\22OFastfilesearchthrough INDEXF.SYS.U+OFormatOsSEARCHN device[:] =O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe searched.'Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name. foO DescriptionIOsTheSEARCHcommandisusedforquick disk-widesearchesQOforspecificfiles.,The qualifiersdescribethefile attributesSO$usedasthesearch criteria.'YoucancombinealmostalloftheDO|possible qualifiers,unless otherwise specified.&Eg.:KODFU>&SEARCH%3DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAYOOisavalidcommand.+Notethat qualifierswillbeusedinaNOlogicalANDmanner,thatis,SEARCHwillonlydisplayfilesAOMwhichmatchall qualifiersandoptions specified. O Qualifiers!Os/ACCESS=option(,option)MOThe/ACCESS qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingonNO$theirlastACCESSdate(VMS7.2only).(ThepossibleoptionsO|are:p `mm/ACCESS=BEFORE=date `/ACCESS=SINCE=date `ll /ACCESS=NONE* O/ACE=identifierMO(SearchforfileswhichhaveanACE containingthespecificRO identifier.'OnlyACE'softheformat"IDENTIFIER=,..."Owillbe searched.1KO /ALLOCATEDDO(Default,"SEARCH will use the actual file size.3TheHO /ALLOCATED qualifierforcesSEARCHtousethe allocatedQO filesize.*This qualifierisonly meaningfullifyoucombineitO2with/SIZE.4 O/APPEND=filenamePO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XOreadyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHOcreated.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. $O/ATTRIBUTE=option(,option)JO(The /ATTRIBUTE qualifierisusedtosearchfilesdepend-OOingontheirlast attributechangedate(VMS7.2only).)The#Opossibleoptionsare:y `m m/ATTRIBUTE=BEFORE=date `/ATTRIBUTE=SINCE=date `ll/ATTRIBUTE=NONE*!O/BACKUP=option(,option)MO(The/BACKUP qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon>Otheirbackupdate.'Thepossibleoptionsare:p `mm/BACKUP=BEFORE=date `/BACKUP=SINCE=date `ll /BACKUP=NONEd:HOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveabackupNOdate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesMO5whichhaveabackupdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand.+ "O/BAKFID=backlink-file-idSO(Youcanusethis qualifiertolookforafilewithaspecificTO backlink.*Onlythefirstpartofthefileidmustbe specified,`Othatis,ifthefileidis(x,y,z)youmustspecify'x'asthefileid.SO2Youcanusethis qualifiertogetfilesfromaspecificdirec-SOtory.'Ifyouuse /BAKFID=0youwillgetfilesnot belongingto2Oa directory(often temporaryfiles). *O /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)WO(This qualifierisusedtogetfileswithspecificfile characteris-GOtics.Thecharacteristicscanhavethe followingvalues:} `m(m Directory:' directoryfiles `.Nobackup:'filesmarkednobackup `l6l Contiguous:'filesmarkedas contiguous `1Erase:'erasefilebeforedeletion `k kSpool:'spoolfiles `FBadblock:'fileswhichcontain suspectedbadblock(s) `i3iBadacl:'fileswitha corruptedACL `8Besttry:'filesmarkedcontiguous-best-try `h7hScratch:'filesmarkedasscratchfiles `:Nocharge:'filesnotchargedagainstquota `f*fNomove:'filesmarkedNoMove `?Locked:'fileswiththedeaccesslockbitset `e1eMarked:'filesmarkedfordeletion `= Noshelvable:'fileswhichcannotbeshelved `d2d Isshelved:'fileswhichareshelvedM+#IOTheseveralcharacteristicscanbecombinedinonecom-KOmand.IfyouwantalogicalOR behaviourinsteadoftheGO5defaultAND behaviour,youcanusethespecialoptionOMATCH=OReg:1SEARCH%disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR)* "O/CREATED=option(,option)NO(The/CREATED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon6Otheircreationdate.'Theoptionsare:{Q `mm/CREATED=BEFORE=date `/CREATED=SINCE=date NTOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveacreationNOdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.'TheBEFOREandSINCE6O5optioncanbecombinedinonecommand.#O/EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...)PO(This qualifierisusedtoexcludefilesfromthesearch.+YouQOcanusewildcard filenames;youcanalsospecifiyalistofOfiles."O/EXPIRED=option(,option)NO(The/EXPIRED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon8Otheir expirationdate.'Theoptionsare:s `mm/EXPIRED=BEFORE=date `/EXPIRED=SINCE=date `ll /EXPIRED=NONEo EIOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveaexpira-TOtiondate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesQO5whichhavea expirationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand. O /FID=file-idRO(The/FID qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.ItdirectsQOSEARCHtogodirectlytothe specifiedfilewithout processingROtherestoftheIndexfile.( Therefore,youcannotcombinethisNO2 qualifierwithothersearch qualifierssuchas/FILE.NormallySOafile-idconsistsisintheform(x,y,z)wherexisthenum-NOberofthefileheaderwithin INDEXF.SYSyisthesequenceHO<number,andzistheRelativeVolumeNumber.+YouonlyFOneedtospecifiythexvalueinthe/FID qualifier.  O/FILE=(file1,file2...)TO(This qualifierisusedtosearchforfileswithaspecificfilePOname.Youcanusewildcardfilenames;alsoyoucanspecifyaOlistoffiles.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.`+O!/FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)JO(This qualifierdisplaysthenumberof fragmentsandfileOOheadersofeachfilefound.,YoucanfurtherlimitthefilesAOfoundbyusingtheMINIMUMandMAXIMUM=options.O2Forexample:ODFU>& disk/FRAG ODFU>&disk/FRAG=min=10*OGDFU>&disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100)*C! KO/FULLRO(Ifyouusethis qualifier,SEARCHwillgiveafulloutputforTOeachfilefound.'Thisoutputisa look-alikeoftheoutputfromFODIRECTORY/FULL.Youcannotcombinethis qualifierwithO2/SORTor /SUMMARY.! O/HOMEOO(This qualifierdirectssearchtogiveoutputfromthedisk'sMOhomeblock.'SEARCHusesthehomeblockfor calculatingthe=Ofreeandusedfileheaderswithin INDEXF.SYS.U(O/(NO)IDENT=identifieroruicNO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifierorGOUIC.AnyvalidUICor identifierformatmaybeused.BOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcan-CO2notcombinethese2 qualifiersinoneSEARCHcom-IOmand.*Issueing/NOIDENTdirectsDFUtosearchforfiles>ONOTownedbythis IDENTIFIER,eg:.DFU>SEARCH'O<sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM. n#O/LBN=logical-block-numberPO(The/LBN qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.Thisal-POlowsyoutofindafilewhichcontainsaspecificLBN.ThisSOmaybeusefulifyouhavebadblocksloggedintheerrorlog.HO2Youcannotcombine/LBNwithsearch qualifierssuchasO/FILE. (O/LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m)CO(Searches DIRECTORYfileswhichhaveadefaultver-JOsionlimitbetweennandm (includingnandm).,Either-OMINIMUMorMAXIMUMis required. KX+O/NAME_TYPE=ODS2'|&ISL1'|'UCS2QO(Searchforfileswhichhavethe specifiednametype attribute.OOODS2ifforclassicVMSfilenames,ISL1isfor Iso-Latin-1OOnamesandUCS2isforUnicodenames.'This qualifierisonly>O2 meaningfullforODS5disks (requiresVMS7.2).,O/(NO)OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierTO(This qualifierisusedtogetfilesownedbyaspecificUICorNO identifier.*AnyvalidUICor identifierformatmaybeused.JOYoucannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT. SpecifyingHO2/NOOWNERdirectsDFUtosearchforfilesNOTownedby$OthisUICor identifier. O /NOSEARCHMO(This qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith/HOME.OOItisusedtogetthe Homeblockinfo,without searchingtheOentiredisk. ! O /NOVOLSETPO(Thedefault behaviourofSEARCHistoprocessanentirevol-JOumeset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwith /NOVOLSET.>OThismaybeusefulwhendoinga/LBNsearch. ! #O/MODIFIED=option(,option)OO(The /MODIFIED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon:Otheir modificationdate.'Theoptionsare:} S `mm/MODIFIED=BEFORE=date `/MODIFIED=SINCE=date   NSOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveamodifi-OOcationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.(TheBEFOREand=O5SINCEoptioncanbecombinedinonecommand.uO /MULTIPLEQO(This qualifiersearchesforfileswhichhavemorethan1fileOheader.>O/ORGANIZATION=INDEXED(|( SEQUENTIAL(|(RELATIVE(|O(DIRECTLOSearchforfileswiththe specifiedRMSfile organization.O /OUTPUT=fileMO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputfromSEARCHtoanout-QOput file.ThisfilecanlaterbeusedasinputtotheDEFRAG,&O DIRECTORYorSETcommand.O/OVER_ALLOCATED=nOO(Searchesforfileswherethe differencebetweentheusedand6O allocatedsizeisatleast'n'blocks.! O/PLACEDKO(Checksforfileswhichhavea placementcontrol retrievalKO pointer.Thisis sometimessetbynon-DECdisk defragmenta-Otion programs.p-O#/SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)SO(The/SIZE qualifierisusedtolimitfilesfoundbytheirfileEOsize.Youcaneitheruseminimum=ormaximum=oruseNObothoptions together.*SEARCHwillusetheactualfilesizeNO2for selectingfiles,exceptwhenthe /ALLOCATED qualifierisOused.! O/SORTUO(This qualifierwillsortthefilesfoundbeforebeingoutput.'YouJOcancombinethiswiththe/OUTPUT qualifier(thedefault"Ooutputis SYS$OUTPUT).O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.0 KO/SUMMARYVO(This qualifierwilllimittheoutputtothetotalnumberoffilesMOfound,withtheirsize(andoptionalthe fragmentationwhenAO/FRAGisused).,Youcannotcombine/SUMMARYwithO2/FULL.VK,O /TYPE=optionCO(The/TYPE qualifierhas2options:0 /TYPE=ODS2orMO /TYPE=ODS5.*This qualifiercanbeusedtosearchforfilesQOwitheitheraODS2oranODS5fileheader.(This qualifieris5O2onlyusefullonODS5disk(VMSV7.2). /O%/VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m)GO(The/VERSION_NUMBER qualifierisusedsearchforfilesOOwithinarange(nthrum)offileversionnumbers.)LogfilesJOwhichareproducedwiththesamenamemayposeproblemsDO2whentheyreachthemaximumversionnumber(32767).FOUsing/VERSION=MIN=32000isaquickwaytofindsuchOfiles.*435O 11.2SETIOThischapter describestheSETcommandwiththerelated&O parametersand qualifiers.546S )O11.1C IntroductionFOUTheSETcommandallowsyoutomodifyfile attributesCOwhichcan'tbemodifiedthroughDCL commands.,NoteLOthatyoushouldbecarefulaboutusingthis function;youGO^mayeasilycorruptfiles.-Thismuchwanted functional-HOitywas introducedinVMS6.0withanewDCLcommandGO$SETFILE/ATTRIBUTES.StillDFU'sSEThassomeoptionsJOhwhicharenotinSETFILE/ATTRIBUTES(suchassettingaOBACKUPdate).COThenew qualifier,/IGNORE=INTERLOCK,allowssetting>Ofile attributesevenonopenorlockedfiles.06570O11.2CUICand identifier processingIOUAsofversionV2.4ofDFUthe/OWNERand/IDENTqual-MOifiernowacceptsallvalidUICor identifierformats.,See&Ochapter10.5fordetails.J+7"687  OSET*M ##OModifyfile attributes.^!4OFormat$OsSETNfile1,file2,...,@file"FO ParametersOsfile1,file2,...,@fileOOThefilestobe modified.+The attributestobemodifiedarePO$ specifiedwith qualifiers.( Wildcardsareaallowedinthefile-RO|name.(Anindirectfilecanbeusedbyusingthe@sign.(ThisMOallows processingofafilelistproducedbyaDFUSEARCHO-command.7#!  O QualifiersOs/ACCESS_DATE=dateO/NOACCESS_DATEMO$Controlswhetheranew last-accessdateisassignedtotheQO| specifiedfiles.*(V7.2only)Specifythedate accordingtotheGOrules describedinChapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsOO-Manual.'Absolutedatekeywordsareallowed.'Ifyouspecify0POasthedate,today'sdateisused.'Ifyouspecify /NOACCESS_BODATEthelastaccessdatefieldwillbecleared.L$ "O/ATTRIBUTE_DATE=dateO(/NOATTRIBUTE_DATEPOControlswhetheranewlast attributechangedateisassignedOOtothe specifiedfiles(V7.2only).,Specifythedateaccord-KO2ingtotherules describedinChapter1oftheVMSDCLHOConceptsManual.+Absolutedatekeywordsareallowed.*IfUOyouspecify0asthedate,today'sdateisused.)IfyouspecifyFO</NOATTRIBUTE_DATEthelast attributechangedatefieldOwillbecleared. % UO/BACKUP_DATE=dateO(/NOBACKUP_DATEOOControlswhetheranewbackupdateisassignedtothespec-UOifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sHOdateisused.(Ifyouspecify/NOBACKUP_DATEtheBackup)O<datefieldwillbecleared.&O/BADACLO( /NOBADACLMOSetsorresetsthe'BADACL'flaginthefileheader.,ThisBOenablesdeletionofafilewitha corruptedACL.'KO/BCKO(/NOBCKLOClearsorsetsthefilesNOBACKUPbit.-SettingafiletoDONOBACKUPwith/NOBCKcausesittobeskippedbyaO2BACKUP operation.(AgO/BUCKETSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvalueforthebucketsizeinthefileheader.) {O/CONFIRMO( /NOCONFIRM (default)MOControlswhetherarequestisissuedbeforeeach individualMOSET operationtoconfirmthatthe operationshouldbeper-OO2formedonthatfile.(Whenthesystemissuestheprompt,you9Ocanissueanyofthe following responses:YESNOQUITWTRUEFALSEKCTRL/Z 10ALLNOYoucanuseany combinationofupper-and lowercaselettersJOforword responses.*Word responsescanbe abbreviatedtoOO3oneormoreletters(forexample,T,TR,orTRUforTRUE).HO AffirmativeanswersareYES,TRUE,and1.*Negativean-DOswersareNO,FALSE,0,and.+QUITorCTRL/ZLO= indicatesthatyouwanttostop processingthecommandatJOthatpoint.(WhenyourespondwithALL,thecommandcon-OOtinuestoprocess,butnofurtherpromptsaregiven.*IfyouUOGtypearesponseotherthanoneofthoseinthelist,thepromptOwillbe reissued.* O/CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY O(/NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYJOSetsorresetsthe'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY'bitinthefileOheader.+! O/CREATION_DATE=dateO(/NOCREATION_DATEQOControlswhetheranewcreationdateisassignedtothespec-UOifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.,! O /DIRECTORYO( /NODIRECTORYTOSetsorresetsthe directory attributeofafile.*This qualifierUOallowsyoutosetthe directorybitofafilewhichwasmistak-FO2inglyresetbythe'SETFILE/NODIRECTORY'command.'IfVOitisdoneona non-directoryfile,thenaccesstothat directory.Owillgivea 'BADIRECTORY'error.)-O/EBLOCK[=block]PO(This qualifierwillresetthe end-of-filemarktothehighestPOblock allocatedifnoblockhasbeen specified.) OtherwisetheFO end-of-filemarkwillbesettothe specifiedblock.%. O /EBYTE[=byte]RO(This qualifierwillsetthe end-of-filebytemarktothehigh-TOestbyteifithasnotbeen specified.( Otherwisethe end-of-file>Obytemarkwillbesettothe specifiedbyte./ O/EXPIRATION_DATE=dateO(/NOEXPIRATION_DATEPOControlswhetheran expirationdateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.>0K$O/IDENT=identifieroruicEO(Modifythefile ownership.,Seealso /OWNER_UIC.ThisPOallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenifthefileisFOopen,eg.* INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth/IDENTandO2 /OWNER_UIC.'1KO/IGNORE=INTERLOCKKO(PerformtheSETcommandonopenorlockedfiles.)Default>ODFUwillreturna%SYSTEM-E-ACCONFLICTonopenEOfiles.)The/IGNORE=INTERLOCKoptioncanoverrulethisO2 behaviour./2 KO/LOCKEDO( /NOLOCKEDUOThis qualifierwilllockafileforfutureuse.(NothingelsecanVOthenbedonewiththefile,untilitisunlocked(whichcanalso6O2bedonewiththeVMS'UNLOCK'command.3 O/LOG (default)O(/NOLOGMOControlswhethertheSETcommanddisplaysthefilespecifi-EOcationofeachfileafterthe modificationismade.4 xO/MAXREC=recordOO(SetsanewvalueforthemaximumrecordnumberinthefileOheader.h5>O/NOMOVEBO(This qualifierdisablesorenables (/NONOMOVE)theJOMoveFile attributeonfiles./ItisthesameastheDCL@OcommandSET FILE/NOMOVE,butin conjunctionwith?O2/IGNORE=INTERLOCKDFUcanchangethesettingon"OOpenorLockedfiles.6 wO/ORGANIZATION=keywordBO(The followingkeywordsareused as parameters for:Othe ORGANIZATION qualifier:0DIRECT,INDEXED,FORELATIVEand SEQUENTIAL.Thiswillallowyoutomod-VO2ifythefile organizationtypeinthefileheader.(Ofcoursethis@Owon'tchangethereal organizationofthefile.[7K1(O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierOO(Modifythefile ownershiptoanUICor identifier.*SeealsoLO/IDENT.Thisallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenLOifthefileisopen,eg., INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth"O2/IDENTand /OWNER_UIC.^8! 4 O/RECATTRIBUTES=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe>O RECATTRIBUTES qualifier:'NONE,FORTRAN,IMPLIED,FOPRINTandNOSPAN.ThiswillallowyoutomodifytheMO2file'srecord attributesinthefileheader.(NONE,FORTRAN,FOIMPLIEDandPRINTaremutually exclusive,butcanbeGOusedin combinationwithNOSPAN.WhenNOSPANisomit-RO<tedSPANisassumed(thedefaultistoallowrecordstocrossOblock boundaries).9AdO /RECSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvaluefortherecordsizeinthefileheader._:5O/RECTYPE=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe9ORECTYPE qualifier:0FIXED,STREAM, STREAMCR,:O STREAMLF, UNDEFINED,VARIABLEandVFC.ThisPO2willallowyoutomodifythefile'srecordtypeinthefileOheader.; O/REVISION_DATE=dateO(/NOREVISION_DATEMOControlswhetherarevisiondateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.<AhO/RVCOUNT=countPO(Setsanewvaluefortherevisioncountinthefileheader.=]O/UPDATEO( /NOUPDATE (default)NONormallythefile'srevisiondatewillbeupdatedafteranyLO modificationtoit.+SEThoweverdisablesthisupdate(oth-KO2erwisetheREVISIONdatecouldnotbeset).+SpecifythisIO qualifierifyouwanttherevisiondatetobeupdated.>O /VFCSIZE=sizePO(SetsanewvaluefortheVFCsizeinthefileheader.+ThisDOvaluewillonlybeusedwiththeVFCrecordtype.*?879@O 12.2UNDELETEEOThischapter describestheUNDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.98:A )O12.1C IntroductionEOUTheUNDELETEfunctionisdesignedtorecoverdeletedLOfiles,if possible.*UNDELETEoperatesinasafemodesuchROthatitfirstchecksifthedeletedfileheaderand diskblocksSO^arestill available.+Onlyinthatcasewillthefileberecov-IOered.( OtherwiseUNDELETEwillleavethedisk unmodified.2OUNDELETEhassome powerfulloptions:B! w `mMmGeneratealistof recoverablefileswiththe/LISTquali-Qfier.&This qualifierwillnotundeleteanyfile,and therefore-itdoesnotlockupthedisk. `3Undeletemultiplefilesinonepass. `BMakefile selectionsbasedontheownerwiththe(v/OWNERor/IDENT qualifier. `G UndeletedfileswhichcannotbeenteredbackintheirJMoriginal directorywillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-Atory.)Thissavesan additionalANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRaction.*C:9;Dv+O12.2CFile specificationsyntaxMOUBecauseadeletedfilenolonger'knows'itsparentdirec-QOtoryyoumustNOTentera directory specificationinthefileROname.' Therefore,thesyntaxtoundeleteaspecificfileis:7DFU>&UNDELETE&/file= teg:/]DFU>&UNDELETE&$1$DIA1:/file=FOO.BARETODFUwilltrytore-enterthefileinitsoriginal directory;itSOthatfailsthefilewillbeenteredinthe [SYSLOST] directory.; :<Fn^$O12.3CHowUndeleteworks:OUTheUNDELETEcommandoperatesasfollows:zG b PPOm1.JLockthevolume.'InthesamemannerasANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR:andSETVOLUME/REBUILDUndeletelockstheFdiskforotherwriterssuchthatno modificationsto?wtheINDEXF,BITMAPorQUOTAfilecanbemade.PO2.JSearchthe INDEXF.SYSfileifthe requestedfileisstillQOthere.*Acheckismadeifitreallyisavaliddeletedfileheader.SO'3.JChecksifthedeletedfileheaderandallpossible extension%headersarestillvalid.TO4.JChecksiftheblocks previouslyownedbythisfilearestillWfree.QO5.JIfallthese conditionsaremetDFUwilldisplaythefile*/andasksfora confirmation.NO6.JRebuildsallofthedeletedfileheadersandbitmapsinFmemory..IfnoerrorsarefoundallthefileheadersK_andbitmapsarewrittenbacktodisk.*Thefilesoriginal8backlinkissavedinatableinmemory.NO77.JIf appropiatetheblocksandheadersarechargedagainst diskquota.HO8.JWhenallof INDEXF.SYShasbeenscannedthevolumehis unlocked.VO9.JThefile(s)is(are)enteredintheoriginal directoryifpos-K@ sible,usingthetablebuildupinmemory.+IftheenterF commandfails (probablybecausetheoriginal directoryL isgone)thefilewillbeenteredin [SYSLOST].DFUwill.I createthis directoryifneeded.H! NTOIfthe/LIST qualifierisused,DFUwilljustlisttherecover-ROablefileswithout performinganyactiononthedisk.&Thedisk O5willnotbelocked.I! WSOItis importanttonotethatduringthebitmapandfileheaderMO processinganyerrorwill immediately terminatetherecoveryMO5process,andunlockthedisk.*Fileswhichhavebeenrecov-ROereduptothatpointwillstillbeenteredinthe appropiateNO directory.(Asnowrong informationhasbeenwrittenbacktoJO>thediskthisshouldleavethediskinaproperstate.EJ! MONOTE:Theblocks recoveredwillNOTbe subtractedfromtheOOVolume'sfreeblockcount.(Togettheactual freeblockcount?O5aSETVOLUME/REBUILD=FORCEis necessary.+Alsoa@OcompletereMOUNTwillresetthe freeblockcount.K [GO IMPORTANT:DFUtakescaretorecoveronlyfileswhoseIOoriginalblocksarefree.,HowevertheseblocksmayhavePO5beenmodifiedinthemeantimebyanotherfilewhichalsohasMObeendeleted.( Thereforeeach recoveredfilemustbechecked.Omanuallytocheckits integrity.*LM  .OExampleofaUndeletesession:&ODFU>&undel&$1$dua102:/list:Oq Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2%found8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found6OI Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found,ODFU>&undel/file=*.for% $1$DUA102:2O%DFU-I-READBMAP,&Reading% BITMAP.SYS...9Od%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&LOCKED%for%write6O %DFU-I-UNDEL,&Start&search%on% $1$DUA102::O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2%found0O]Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O5%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2O|%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found0O.Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n6Ov Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O'%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2Oo%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlocked&EXIT*N\<;=BO *O12.4CFilesmarkedfordeleteMOUNormallyDFUdoesnotundeletefilesmarkedfordelete.(ToKOrecoverfilesmarkedfordeleteyoumustusethe/MARKEDLO qualifier..Thiswill specificallyundeletefilesmarkedforSO^delete.'ThisallowstherecoveryoffileswhicharedeletedbutPOstillopen,suchas INSTALLedfiles,orevenrecoveryoftheFOsystemdumpfile SYSDUMP.DMPwheneversuchafileis!Oh accidentiallydeleted. = <><POUNDELETE*QjR@@ORecoveroneormoredeletedfilesonadevice.WS-OFormatOsUNDELETEM device[:]T! =O ParametersOsdeviceROThedeviceonwhichtoundeleteoneormorefiles.'ThedeviceAO$willbe write-lockedduringtheundeleteprocess.U! RO QualifiersOs/FILE=filenameQOThefiletobe recovered.' Wildcardsmaybeused.'Ifamatch-UO$ingfileisfoundUndeletewillaska confirmation.&IfacertainSO|fileis confirmed,thatfilewillbe recoveredif possible,andMOcontrolwillbereturnedtotheDFU>prompt.)Ifthe/FILE3O- qualifierisomittedDFUwillassume 9* -. 9* -; 9* 9-.)V $O/IDENT=identifieroruicTO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifierorUIC.DOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcannotCOcombinethese2 qualifierinoneUNDELETEcommand.W"O/LIST(=output-file-name)NO(Generatealistof recoverablefiles.+NoundeletewilltakePOplace,andthediskwillnotbelocked.+The defaultoutputisO SYS$OUTPUT.XO/MARKEDMO(Consideronlyfilesmarked-for-delete.(Suchfilesareusual-SOllystillopenbysomeutility,suchas INSTALLedfilesortheOsystemdumpfile.Y(O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierUO(This qualifierisusedtoselectfilesbyaUICor identifier.>OYoucannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT.ZO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.*[>=?\eO 13.2SPAWNBOThenewSPAWNcommandcreatesan interactivesub-MOprocess.+ThisallowsaquickescapetotheDCLlevelfromJOBan interactiveDFUsession.,The subprocesshasadefaultFOprompt DFU_sub$.)InSMGmodethekeyalsoper-FOformsaSPAWNcommand.+Youmustlogout explicitlyto(OLreturntotheDFUsession.?>@]O 14.2VERIFYCOThischapter describestheVERIFYcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.`@?A^ pO14.1C IntroductionJOUTheVERIFYcommandmakesananalysisofthedisk,scan-JOningforfileanddisk structureerrors.+VERIFYperformsKOalmostallofthechecksnormallydonebya ANALYZE/DISKAO^command.1ButVERIFYisseveraltimesfasterthan4O ANALYZE/DISK,andusesless resources.i_??OVERIFYchecksandreportsthe followingerrors:` `mGmChecksthelogical information containedinthedisk'sHOMEblock `E/EReportsfilesmarkedfordeletion `=Reports mismatchesintheindexfile'sbitmap `D;DCheckstheVMS$COMMON.DIRbacklinkonsystemdisks `!Checksall backlinks. `.Reportsmultiple allocatedblocks `DReportsblocks incorrectlymarkedfreeand allocated `#Reportsalllostfiles `EChecksfor mismatchesbetweenblocksusedandblocksCqchargedin QUOTA.SYS.(Onlydonewhen diskquotaisenabled)*a*bA@B!c&O14.2CBasicrepairactionsOOUThe/FIX qualifiercanbeusedtoperformsomebasicrepairFOactions.)UnlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRthisdoesnotlock&VERIFY%mydisk,O"%DFU-I-VERIFY,% Verifying%MYDISK::Oi%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK3O%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS&...4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...8OA%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...2O%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA,&Checking& QUOTA.SYS...-ODFU>&VERIFY/REBUILD& sys$sysdevice4O:%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&write&locked3O%DFU=I-VERIFY,% Verifying%SYS$SYSDEVICE::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK[O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (620,351,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3%marked&for%deleteUOZ%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (6349,173,1)%DCLTABLES.EXE;937%marked&for%delete\O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (19745,35,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3&marked%for%delete4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...bO2%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667141%through&2667143% incorrectly%marked& allocatedbOz%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667153%through&2667161% incorrectly%marked& allocated . .=OR%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP,% BITMAP.SYS& succesfully&rebuild8O%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlockedOKDFU>`o66OVERIFYcanreportthe followingerrors:F EGp &\ 000000.DIR directoryonRVN1, thendo a SET4 FILE/REMOVEfromthewrong 000000.DIR.u.O DELETED,filemarkedfordelete,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:5Afilewasfoundmarkedfor deletion.O^SuchfilesusuallyexistsasaresultoffilebeingdeletedMwhileitwasstill INSTALLed,orasaresultofasystemLcrash.+Itisnot consideredasanerror.+Youcantryto5hdeletesuchfilesbyusing VERIFY/FIX.Sv k)/O ERRHOME,HomeblockinfonotOK,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:4TheInfo containedintheHomeBlock.^wasnot consistentor corrupted. UserAction:4RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRtotrytofixRtheerror.uw ~K3O INVBAKFID,filehasinvalid backlink,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:>Thefilesbacklinkfileidisnotfilledin.R^Thisislikelytobealostfile.'(NotethatonceVERIFYre-Nportsthiserror,itwillnotbereportedagainduringthePLOSTFILEcheck).'ButisalsopossiblethatthefileisinaUhvalid directory,butthattheBacklinkfileidisnotfilledin. UserAction:,RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR.IftheO\fileisinavalid directorythebacklinkwillbe repaired.K Otherwisethefilewillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-L tory.'Youcanalsouse VERIFY/FIXbutthenthefilewill4eunconditionallybemovedto [SYSLOST].wx kM.O LOCKED,fileisdeaccesslocked,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Thefileisdeaccesslocked.(Thismaybea'^resultofasystemcrash. UserAction:9TrytounlockthefilewiththeDFUSET2Rcommand,ortheDCLUNLOCKcommand.y =O LOSTHDR1,filefoundin nonexistent directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-G^coveredina nonexistent directory.-ThiserrorcanbeJcausedasfollows:'seta directoryfileto NODIRECTORYanddeleteit. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethefiletothe [SYSLOST] directory.z! &AO LOSTHDR2,filefoundin directorywithbadback-( link, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:<^Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-Jcoveredinavalid directory.)However,the directoryhasLaninvalid backlink.(Thiserrorcanbecausedbydoinga3hSET FILE/REMOVEofa directoryfile. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directorytoF\the [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenmovethe directorybackQtothecorrect location.'Thefilesinthe directoryshouldbe  accesibleagain.{uU9O LOSTHDR3,filefoundininvalid directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-I^coveredina directorywhichisnotavalid directory.OEitherthefilehasawrong backlink,orthe directoryfile9hasthe directoryfile attributenotset. UserAction:6Lookupthe directoryanduseDFUSETPtosetthe directorybit.(Ifthe directoryfilewasOKthen8\run VERIFY/FIXtorecoverthelostfile.GFH| 2O LOSTHDR4,notfoundina directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:/Whenthe/DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifierN^isused,DFUdetectsfileswhichhaveavalidbacklinkbutMwhicharenotseeninthe directory.(Thiscanberepairedwith/FIX. UserAction:9Using/FIXwillenterthesefilesinthecorrect directory.d} :2O MULTALLOC,blocksmultiple allocated,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:9Afilehasblocks allocatedwhichalreadyG^belongtoanotherfile.+NotethatVERIFYwillmakeaHsecondpassthrough INDEXF.SYStoreportallthefilesQ involved.(Thisisaseriouserror,andmaybearesultofaGhdiskbeingmountedontwo seperated VAXClusters(ora# partitioned VAXCluster).\ UserAction:3\CopyallthefilesfoundtoanotherC location.1Nextallthefilesmustbedeleted.2RunA VERIFY/REBUILDtorepairtheBITMAP.Alltheaf-Neflictedfilesmustbemanually inspectedtoseewhichfiles1arevalidandwhichare corrupted.~km9O NOBITCLR,DeletedfileheadermarkedBUSY,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:9Afilewasdeleted.)The correspondingbitL^intheINDEXFbitmapshouldbeclearedbutisstillset.+Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.! kV8O NOBITSET,indexfilebitmapbitnotset,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Avalidfilewasfound,butthe correspond-N^ingindexfilebitmapbitisclear.,Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.O %)O NOOWNER,filehasnoowner,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:8AfilewasfoundwithUIC[0,0]asthe6^owner.'Thisisnotanormal situation. UserAction:=Lookupthefileandmodifythefileowner.n /D=O QUOTAERR,UIC[x,y]hasnblocksused,QUOTA( indicatesmblocks, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:7^Ifadiskhas diskquotaenabled,VERIFYG calculatestheblocksusedandcomparesthemwiththeHvalueinthe QUOTA.SYSfile.(Anymismatchis reported.JhThiserrorisoftenseenwhenVERIFYisrun,andthereMis concurrentfileactivityonthedisk.-Also,ifafteraAsystemcrashthediskismountedwith /NOREBUILDCrsuchQuota mismatchesmayexist.(ReRunVERIFYwith;/LOCKtoseeiftheerrorisstillthere.e UserAction:/eRunVERIFY/REBUILDtorebuildthe=QUOTAfile.)Orruna DISKQUOTA>REBUILDcom-mand. 3O SLFBAKFID,backlinkpointstoitself,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:7Thiserror indicatesthatDFUhasfoundO^a directorywithabacklinkpointingtoitself.'ThisfeatureJisonlyallowedfortheMFD 000000.DIR.ThiserrorwillEresultin ANALYZE/DISKgoingintoa COMputableloop. UserAction:3Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directoryFtothe [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenremovethe directoryB\entryfromitselfwithaSET FILE/REMOVEcommand.GThefilesinthe directoryshouldbe accesibleagain. H G:OVERIFY*d::OVERIFYadevicefordisk structureerrors.U+OFormatOsVERIFYN device[:]vLO ParametersOsdevice(OThedevicetobe verified.HO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. O/DIRECTORY_SCANOO(Performsafull directoryscan.(Thismaytakeupsometime,OObutitallows detectionof mismatchesbetweenthe directoriesOand INDEXF.SYS.KO/FIXO(/NOFIX (default)IORepairerrorsonthedisk.0FilemarkedfordeletewillNObedeletedandlostfilesand directorieswillbemovedtoO2 [SYSLOST].t JO/LOCKO(/NOLOCK (default)QOLocksthediskforfileallocation/deletion.)Thisgivesacon-QOsistentreportforthedisk,butotherusersmay experienceaPO2delaywhen accessingthedisk.'Thedevicewillbeunlockeda-OtheendoftheVERIFYcommand.WO/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*TheoutputwillFOalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.CAUTION:ifyouuse/LOCKinHO combinationwith/OUTPUTbecarefultospecifyanout-MO2putfileonANOTHERdisk,orDFUwillfinishwithasevereOerror.O/REBUILDO( /NOREBUILD (default)JOPerformavolumerebuild.,Usingthis qualifierwilltem-7Oporarilylockthediskforotherusers.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.* F  !"""""################$%%%%%%%%%%%%&&&&&''''(((((((((((((((((((((((()**+++++++++,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-.///01111233333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333455677777777777777777777777777777777778999::;;;;;;;;;<============>?@@@@@AAABBBBCCCDEEFFFFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHH"1. Introduction1. Introduction1. Introduction1. Introduction1.1 Support on DFU1.1 Support on DFU1.1 Support on DFU1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A.1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.7-A&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features2. Using DFU!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU&2.4 Using an indirect file list&2.4 Using an indirect file list"3. The SMG output interface!3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG83.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands3.5 Side effects3.5 Side effects4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features6. DEFRAG6.1 Description6.1 Description6.1 Description6.2 Error messages6.2 Error messages6.2 Error messages DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG7. DELETE7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE8. DIRECTORY8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formattingDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORY9. REPORT9.1 Description9.1 Description9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT10. SEARCH10.1 Introduction10.2 Syntax and Output10.2 Syntax and Output10.2 Syntax and Output!10.3 Volume Set processing10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting)10.5 UIC and identifier processing SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH11. SET11.1 Introduction11.1 Introduction)11.2 UIC and identifier processing SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET12. UNDELETE12.1 Introduction12.1 Introduction12.1 Introduction%12.2 File specification syntax%12.2 File specification syntax12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works#12.4 Files marked for deleteUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETE13. SPAWN14. VERIFY14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions14.4 Directory scanning14.4 Directory scanning14.4 Directory scanning14.5 Interpreting errors14.6 Error reporting14.6 Error reporting5ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,0ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,/BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks,2BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,@BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,'DELETED, file marked for delete,'ERRHOME, Home block info not OK,,INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,'LOCKED, file is deaccess locked,5LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory,=LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad back- link,1LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory,*LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,,MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,1NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,/NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set,"NOOWNER, file has no owner,GQUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,,SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself, VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY F ch1 hd1_0 hd1_1 hd1_2 hd1_3( hd1_4+ ch2, hd2_16 hd2_2= hd2_3C hd2_4E chnewFhdsmg_1Ghdsmg_1aHhdsmg_2Lhdsmg_3Rhdsmg_4T ch3`chods5d ch4e hd4_1h hd4_2kdefragv ch6w hd6_1|delete ch7 hd7_1 hd7_2 hd7_3directory ch8 hd8_1 hd8_2report ch9 hd9_1 hd9_2 hd9_3 hd9_4 hd9_5search ch10hd10_1hd10_2 set@ ch11Ahd11_1Dhd11_1aFhd11_2Ohd11_3Pundelete\ ch12] ch13^hd13_1chd13_2fhd13_3jhd13_4mhd13_5nhd13_6verify B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1zF"-NF/"1Vr" #%&|+-1`?46p7(890>=ptAB,NQQXS T YZx ^gzhL;rvriws T  @"2<L>0J+.f\ `(i