z= 7 ,The OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)YŶgVMSFAQ X Contents  Tables Index#B*fDECdocument V3.3 }/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page1xE\PrefacePrefacew)66E\OpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)@g$K1 Introduction1 Introductionw0J $K1.1=&KWhatcoreOpenVMSURLsdoyouneedtoknow?1.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know?w,C $K1.26&KWhataretheOpenVMSUsenet Newsgroups?1.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?!l6GG$A1.2.1Whatisthescopeofthe comp.os.vms newsgroup?1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?"l5CC$A1.2.2What newsgroupscarry VMS-related information?1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?#l-;;$A1.2.3What newsgrouparchivesare available?1.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?(yl)88$A1.2.4WhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?)\<NN$A1.2.4.1HowdoI subscribetoor unsubscribefrom INFO-VAX?1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?,`w. $K1.3!&KWhatis [n]etiquette?1.3 What is [n]etiquette?2w.E $K1.48&KWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?1.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?;w-C $K1.56&KOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?1.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?Bl6EE$@1.5.1 CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?CYl&&$A1.5.2OpenVMS Ambassadors?1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?Fl:JJ$A1.5.3ContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand Questions?1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?Il1@@$A1.5.4ContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?1.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?JOg!!$K2General Information2 General InformationMw*B $K2.15&KWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?2.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?Nw4M $K2.2@&KWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?^{l)::$A2.2.1HowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?2.2.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?b{w&= $K2.30&KWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?2.3 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?cw6O $K2.4B&KIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?2.4 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?e9Y $K2.58&KWhatOpenVMSCD-ROM distributionkitsare& available?2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available?iw)@ $K2.63&KInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?2.6 In what language is OpenVMS written?rw1G $K2.7:&K Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licensees?2.7 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licensees?ul5DD$A2.7.1 QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?wl-;;$@2.7.2OpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?2.7.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?C\H$A2.7.3What developerandpartner licensingprogramsarep available?2.7.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?l6HH$A2.7.4HowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?2.7.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?w3K $K2.8>&KDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?2.8 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?<] $K2.9>&KOpenVMSPorts?)Itanium?(PortstoIntel(IA-32)&systems?2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?7V$K2.106&KArethereanynetwork-accessibleOpenVMS&systems?2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?w(@$K2.112&KWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?w(?$L2.121&LHowcanIsubmitOpenVMS Freeware?2.12 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?yw&;$K2.13-&KPorting applicationstoOpenVMS?2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?Bc$K2.14@&KWhat resourcesare availabletoOpenVMSsoftware& developers?2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?Ff$F2.154&Fmemory management,resource management,$&process scheduling,etc?2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?og!6$K2.16(&KBasicUnitsof Measurement?2.16 Basic Units of Measurement?l+<<$@2.16.1Howmanybytesareinadiskblock?2.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?l,==$A2.16.2Howmanybytesareinamemorypage?2.16.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?g6II$A2.16.3HowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?'KB,MB,GB,TB?2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?Bg$K3 Documentation3 Documentation7Y $K3.1:&KWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMS&manuals?3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?g8P $K3.2C&KWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?3.2 What online information and websites are available?w3I $K3.3<&KOpenVMSProduct Information TelephoneNumbers?3.3 OpenVMS Product Information Telephone Numbers?Bi $K3.4G&KHowdoIextractthecontentsofaHELPtopictoa&textfile?3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?w3K $K3.5>&KDoesOpenVMS Marketinghaveane-mailaddress?3.5 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address?9Z $L3.69&LWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive& internals?3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals?Ac $L3.7D&LWherecannewusersfindtutorial informationabout&OpenVMS?3.7 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS?U\$$$A3.7.1Tutorial Websites?3.7.1 Tutorial Websites?Z\''$A3.7.2Booksand Tutorials?3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?w.E $K3.88&KWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsare available?3.8 What OpenVMS mailing lists are available?:] $K3.9@&KWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheard&about?3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?=]$L3.107&LAccesstotheOpenVMSNetscape Navigator&documentation?3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?Rw##$L4Timeand Timekeeping4 Time and Timekeeping?c $K4.1<&KUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatare&these acronyms?4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?w4L $K4.2?&KAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?l2AA$@4.2.1DetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?4.2.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?l-::$@4.2.1.1VAXhardware time-keeping details...4.2.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...K\$A 4.2.1.1.1TOYclock4.2.1.1.1 TOY clockTg##$A 4.2.1.1.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.2.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIMEVg$$$A 4.2.1.1.3EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.2.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASENg  $A 4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODRl/<<$A4.2.1.2Alphahardware time-keeping details...4.2.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...%l/<<$A 4.2.1.2.1Battery-BackedWatch (BB_WATCH)Chip4.2.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip&Tg##$@ 4.2.1.2.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.2.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME'`g))$@ 4.2.1.2.3EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK4.2.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK(l;PP$A4.2.1.3WhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?4.2.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?+l1AA$A4.2.2HowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?4.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?.w2I $K4.3<&KKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?4.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?5l-==$A4.3.1WhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?4.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?;l/@@$@4.3.2HowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?4.3.2 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?@B^K$@4.3.3HowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatimep provider?4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?D@` $L4.47&LManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,and&DaylightSavings?4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?Ql3CC$A4.4.1Howto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?4.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?el/==$A4.4.2 CustomizingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?4.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?r<_ $K4.59&KWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?*Help&managingDTSS?4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?{dw ,,$K5System Management Information5 System Management Informationnw 6 $K5.1)&KWhatisan installedimage?5.1 What is an installed image?w-E $L5.28&LArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?5.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?w.H $K5.3;&KHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?5.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?g1L $K5.4?&KHowdoIextractthecontentsofaPCSIkit?5.4 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?w/D $L5.57&L Emergency(Conversational)SystemStartup?5.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?l:MM$A5.5.1I've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanIdo?5.5.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?l8KK$A5.5.2Myproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?8\ $K5.6>&KHowdoIchangethenodenameofanOpenVMS&System?5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?9\ $K5.7?&KWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust&added?5.7 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added?w9U $K5.8H&KHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?w0H $L5.9;&LWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths?5.9 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?l.==$A5.9.1OpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)Paths5.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Pathsvl(66$A5.9.2OpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePaths5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths~l,::$@5.9.3OpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePaths5.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Pathsl6EE$@5.9.4OpenVMSProductVersionandSupport Information5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Informationdl ,,$@5.9.5OpenVMSAlpha Terminology5.9.5 OpenVMS Alpha TerminologyGl$L5.10B&LWhydoIhaveanegativenumberinthepagefile& reservablepages?5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?Ad$K5.11D&KDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating&OpenVMS?5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?w1L$K5.12>&KHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?5.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?w*C$K5.135&KHowcanIsetupashared directory?5.13 How can I set up a shared directory?w6R$K5.14D&KWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<\$K5.158&KDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics& Controllers?5.15 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers? cl,,$@5.15.1TheELSAGLoriaSynergy5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy qg&33$@5.15.2 PowerStorm300, PowerStorm3505.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350ug(55$A5.15.3 PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D205.15.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20I\$A5.15.4Radeon75005.15.4 Radeon 7500!9[$K5.16>&KHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and&ECOs?5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?#w/H$K5.17:&KHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?5.17 How do I move the queue manager database?6Ab$K5.18B&KHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)&process?5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?9r(@$K5.192&KHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)???c$L5.20?&LHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports& compression?5.20 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?S=a$L5.21C&LCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To&Alpha?5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?Tw/G$K5.229&KHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?5.22 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?`9]$K5.23@&KDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)&tool?5.23 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?dw4L$K5.24>&K INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?5.24 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?gg-E$K5.257&KHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?5.25 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?jGl$L5.26?&LHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom& initiatingalogin?5.26 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?mw4M$L5.27?&LHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?o>a$L5.28?&LHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is& installed?5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?v9Z$L5.29:&LWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor&OpenVMS?5.29 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS?}9Z$K5.30:&KWhat(andwhere)istheOpenVMS Management&Station?5.30 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?w8P$K5.31B&KHowto determinecurrentdisk fragmentationlevel?5.31 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>\$K5.323&KSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate&SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?5.32 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?Di$K5.33D&KHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora&newprinter?5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?Be$Q5.34/&QWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOW(&DEVICEmountcountsdiffer?5.34 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?w6N$L5.35@&LWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?5.35 What software is needed for Postscript printers?w7Q$K5.36C&KHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?>]$K5.376&K SYSINIT-E,errormountingsystemdevice,&status=0072832C5.37 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832Cww%:$K5.38,&K ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?w*@$K5.392&KChangingtheOpenVMSVersionNumber?5.39 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?;\$L5.40:&LHowtopreventusersfromchoosingobvious& passwords?5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?w5N$L5.41@&LPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?5.41 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?l.;;$A5.41.1Whyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?5.41.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?@[J$A5.41.1.1WhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?5.41.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?l4EE$@5.41.1.2CanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?5.41.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?l4EE$@5.41.2WhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?5.41.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?l.>>$@5.41.3WhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?5.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?l.??$@5.41.4HowdoIfixacorruptBACKUPsaveset?5.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?l9MM$A5.41.5HowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremotetape?5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape?l/??$A5.41.6Howtoperformasecuritydiskerasure?5.41.6 How to perform a security disk erasure?\/>>$A5.41.7Howtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?5.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?l1??$A5.41.7.1Volume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?5.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?Ll$@ 5.41.7.1.1 MiniCopy?5.41.7.1.1 MiniCopy?Nl  $@ 5.41.7.1.2 MiniMerge?5.41.7.1.2 MiniMerge?Pg""$L6 InformationonMail6 Information on MailFm $L6.1F&LMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.&WhatdoIdo?6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?g3N $K6.2A&KHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?6.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?w*C $K6.36&KHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?6.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?Zg''$K7 Informationon Utilities7 Information on Utilitiesw1L $K7.1?&KHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?7.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?Bf $K7.2A&KHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydisk&fromOpenVMS?7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?In $L7.3?&LHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"&DECsounddoesn'twork.7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.w0H $K7.4;&KWhyis DECmigratenotworkingwithFortran?7.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?w/I $K7.5<&KHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?7.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS? w,E $K7.68&KHowcanIpatchanOpenVMSAlphaimage?7.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image??g$K8DCLDetails8 DCL Detailsw+D $K8.17&KHowdoIrunaprogramwith arguments?8.1 How do I run a program with arguments?g'@ $K8.23&KHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?8X $K8.3:&KUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole&OPCOMs?8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?!w.H $L8.4;&LHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?8.4 How do I generate a random number in DCL?$sg"9 $K8.5,&KWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?8.5 What does the MCR command do?%w/H $K8.6;&KHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?8.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?(9Z $K8.7?&KCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith&DCL?8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?.w3N $K8.8A&KHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?8.8 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?3w,E $K8.98&KHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?8.9 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?45U$L8.107&LUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical&names?8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?5w6P$K8.11B&KHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?;2g$K9Files9 Files>mg6 $K9.1)&KHowcanIundeleteafile?9.1 How can I undelete a file???b $K9.2<&KWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswer&than DIR/SIZE?9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?B?e $K9.3I&KHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento&disk?9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?F@b $L9.4?&LWhatarethelimitsonfilespecificationsand& directories?9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?J=` $K9.5B&KWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan&access?9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?NBg $L9.6D&LWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord&sizelimit?9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?]:] $L9.7>&LHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon&OpenVMS?9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?bvl(66$A9.7.1CDandDVD notation, terminology?9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?r?YH$A9.7.2UseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)CDpdrives?9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?|w4M $K9.8@&KWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?9\ $K9.9?&KCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase&files?9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??d$L9.10A&LIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI&usingXFC?9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?jw#//$L10OpenVMS Programming Information10 OpenVMS Programming Information?_$K10.1@&KModular Programming,FacilityPrefixesandSymbol&Naming?10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?w5O$K10.2A&KCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?w7R$K10.3D&KHowdoIgetthe argumentsfromthecommandline?10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?;_$K10.4>&KHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina& variable?10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?Be$Q10.5?&QHowdoIlinkagainstSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STBonan&Alphasystem?10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?6Z$L10.6:&LHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsidea&program?10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?Fl$K10.78&KHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa&& shareableimageonAlpha?10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?:]$K10.8@&KHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating&data?10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?;_$K10.9?&KHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran&routine?10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?>b$K10.10@&KHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensing& purposes?10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?>`$K10.11A&KWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSS&image?10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?w.I$K10.12:&KHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?10.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?ew1$L10.13"&LWhatisa descriptor?10.13 What is a descriptor?w8R$L10.14C&LHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanother username?10.14 How do I create a process under another username?Cd$Q10.15A&QWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetached& processes?10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?Hl$K10.16A&KWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesand& supportingfiles?10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?w/I$K10.17:&KHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?10.17 How can I open a file for shared access?=_$K10.18<&KHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,& constants?10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?Be$L10.19@&LHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfroman& application?10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?lw 4$L10.20%&LDealingwith Endian-ness?10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?g-C$K10.214&KHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?10.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors??`$K10.228&KCompaqCandotherOpenVMSC Programming&Considerations?10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?a\++$@10.22.1gOthercommonCissues10.22.1 Other common C issuese\ --$@10.22.2gOthercommonC++issues10.22.2 Other common C++ issuesw2J$L10.23;&LStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?10.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?>g$L11 DECwindows11 DECwindowsDh$K11.1D&KHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy& workstation?11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?w7Q$L11.2C&LHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?"Di$K11.38&KHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOW#&DISPLAYintoasymbol?11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?%w.I$K11.4;&KHowdoIgetalogofaDECtermsession?11.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?'Ad$K11.5C&KWhydoestheDELETEkeydeleteforwardinsteadof& backward?11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?)w+B$K11.64&KWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?11.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?.g1L$K11.7>&KHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?11.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?9@b$L11.8C&LHowdoI customize DECwindows, includingthelogin&screen?11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?@w3K$K11.9=&KWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?11.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?FAd$K11.108&KWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovethe& DECwindowscursor?11.10 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?Kw1I$K11.11:&KWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?11.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?MAb$K11.128&K%DECW-W-NODEVICE,Nographicsdevicefound&onthissystem?11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?Rw/H$K11.139&KHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?11.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?Yw3L$L11.14=&LHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?11.14 How can I alter the DECwiDH Hndows CDE backdrop?_7X$K11.156&KHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP& Transport11.15 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transporta]g(($K12 Miscellaneous Information12 Miscellaneous InformationbCf$K12.1D&KWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol& sequences?12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?c<^$K12.2A&KDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel&port?12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?qw7S$K12.3E&KHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?sz|&<$P12.4.&PSowhathappenedto sys$cmsuper?12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?}w+B$K12.54&K CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?12.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?aw++$L13FindingandusingSoftware13 Finding and using Software?_$K13.1?&KWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor&OpenVMS?13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?w.G$K13.29&KWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?13.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS? @XE$@13.2.1POSIX-compliantversionsofPOSIXroutinesandp utilities13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilities pl%33$@13.2.2Csystemandlibraryroutines13.2.2 C system and library routinesv\(66$@13.2.3XWindows utilitiesandroutines13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routinesl/>>$A13.2.4TCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?13.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?Y\''$A13.2.5Thevitexteditor13.2.5 The vi text editorV\%%$A13.2.6VariousGNUtools13.2.6 Various GNU toolsOl!!$@13.2.6.1GCCcompiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler#w.G$K13.39&KWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?13.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?(~w'?$K13.41&KWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?1w-E$L13.57&L ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?13.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?9w9U$L13.6G&LHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?13.6 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?>g3N$K13.7@&KHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?13.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?@>`$K13.8>&KWherecanIgetnew certificatesforNetscape& Navigator?13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?Hw/F$K13.98&KWhydoesn'tDCLsymbol substitutionwork?13.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?Ow(@$K13.101&KWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?T:Z$K13.116&K Obtainingthe DECmigrate(VESTandTIE)& translator?13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?fw<V$K13.12G&KWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?jg,B$L13.133&LAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?13.13 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?tSg##$L14Hardware Information14 Hardware InformationwCf$K14.1;&KWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,&Alpha,andIA-64?14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?xBc$K14.2=&KSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and&VAX)systems?14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?~r3J$K14.3<&KConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?14.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?l=OO$@14.3.1Whatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMconsole?14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?\,<<$A14.3.2WhatdoesSRMmean?'WhatisPALcode?14.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?l@RR$A14.3.3AlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleserialline information?14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?B]M$A14.3.3.1WhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?l@SS$A14.3.3.2WhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?l@TT$@14.3.3.3HowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?l:LL$@14.3.3.4PleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXII14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX IIl5DD$A14.3.4WhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?l.>>$A14.3.5Whatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?14.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?l2CC$A14.3.5.1WhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.1 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?l0AA$A14.3.5.2WhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.2 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?B]J$A14.3.6HowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororp keyboard?14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?l3BB$A14.3.7 DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?14.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?E`N$@14.3.7.1WherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?D`O$@14.3.7.2HowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?A[H$A14.3.7.3HowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?hl"..$A14.3.8Console ManagementOptions14.3.8 Console Management Optionsw-D$K14.46&KWhat platformswillOpenVMSoperateon?14.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?]l))$A14.4.1ontheAlphaMultia?14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?vl(66$@14.4.2onAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?vl(66$@14.4.2.1ontheNoNameAXPpci33system?14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?dl--$A14.4.3ontheAlphaXLseries?14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?>XG$A14.4.4OpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aupseries?14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?l<LL$A14.4.4.1OpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?l?OO$A14.4.4.2OpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?l,;;$@14.4.5OntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?14.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?l4DD$@14.4.5.1WherecanIgetIntelItanium information?14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information??b$K14.5B&KWhatistheleast expensivesystemthatwillrun&OpenVMS?14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?8Z$K14.6:&KWherecanIgetmore informationonAlpha&systems?14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?Cc$K14.7C&KDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction&subsets?14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?Fk$L14.8A&LWhatistheAccuracyoftheAlphaTimeofYear& (BB_WATCH)Clock?14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?w/J$K14.9<&KSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?14.9 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?iw3$K14.10$&KWhatisbyte swizzling?14.10 What is byte swizzling?w;V$K14.11G&KWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?w4N$K14.12?&KWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems?14.12 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?!>a$K14.13@&KWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAX&systems?14.13 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?"Gk$L14.14A&LWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXand& VAXstation3100?14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?#@e$K14.15?&KWhatistheAccuracyofVAXtheTimeofYear&(TOY)Clock?14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?+w.F$K14.167&KWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?14.16 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?/Ac$K14.17>&KWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupport& information?14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?0De$K14.18A&KWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupport& assistance?14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?8Gk$K14.19@&KWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cyclethe&console terminal?14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?:>b$L14.20F&LCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswitha &PC?14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?A@a$K14.21=&KWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphics& controller?14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?Kw7P$K14.22A&KWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?R:Z$K14.236&KWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedly& autorepeat?14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?VHn$K14.24@&KProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesor&somekeysaredead14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadX<]$K14.25<&KWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMS&version?14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?ZA^$K14.26=&K Third-party"disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgetson&OpenVMS?14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?al1@@$@14.26.1gListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?14.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?p=VG$A14.26.2gArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVDUltra2pSCSI?14.26.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?sl-;;$A14.26.3g ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?14.26.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?tw,B$K14.273&KLookingfor connectorwiringpinouts?14.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?uw9Q$K14.28B&KWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?}g1K$K14.29<&KWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?14.29 What is flow control and how does it work?~w(>$K14.30/&KCD-RandDVDdevice requirements?14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?vg(66$L15 InformationonNetworksandClusters15 Information on Networks and Clustersw(@$L15.12&LHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?mw 5$K15.2'&KOpenVMSandIP Networking?15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?l/??$A15.2.1HowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?15.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?nl$22$@15.2.2 ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?l9KK$@15.2.3HowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?>[I$A15.2.4HowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayonpOpenVMS?15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?l;NN$A15.2.5HowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?@]M$A15.2.6Whycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttoOpenVMSpAlpha?15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?uw$9$L15.3+&LOpenVMSandDECnet Networking?15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?vl(66$A15.3.1Can DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?C]N$A15.3.2Whatdoes"failureonback translateaddressrequest"pmean?15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?l/==$@15.3.3 PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?15.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?g4L$K15.4>&KHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?@[H$A15.4.1HowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorp counters?15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?\4GG$A15.4.2HowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:]$K15.5>&KHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS&system?15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?w*?$K15.61&KOpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?15.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?l8FF$@15.6.1OpenVMSClusterCommunicationsProtocolDetails?15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?l5EE$@15.6.1.1OpenVMSCluster(SCS)overDECnet?'OverIP?15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?l:JJ$A15.6.1.2 ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?cl ++$A 15.6.1.2.1Cluster Terminology?15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?z\+77$A 15.6.1.2.2ClusterCommunicationsControl?15.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?\?NN$A 15.6.1.2.3ClusterCommunicationsControlToolsand Utilities?15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?yl*77$@15.6.2ClusterSystem Parameter Settings?15.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?GbM$@15.6.2.1WhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?l;KK$@15.6.2.2Explaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?D]N$@ 15.6.2.2.1Howto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathSCSI?15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI? \3DD$A15.6.3TellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC15.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSCl.@@$A15.6.4HowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)15.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)@ZD$A15.6.5WherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)p information?15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information?$l.??$A15.6.6HowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?15.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?%ml$11$@15.6.7DetailsonVolume Shadowing?15.6.7 Details on Volume Shadowing?6F_M$@15.6.7.1Doesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?7+gTABLESTABLESH\=A1-1CoreWebsites1- 1 Core Websites Sl##=A2-1OpenVMSMediaKits2- 1 OpenVMS Media KitsmOl!!=A2-2OpenVMSECOKits2- 2 OpenVMS ECO Kitsowl)66=@2-3OpenVMSSourceListingsCD-ROMKits2- 3 OpenVMS Source Listings CD-ROM Kitsqvl)55=@2-4OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb2- 4 OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-ThumbNl  =@3-1OpenVMSWebsites3- 1 OpenVMS WebsitesPl!!=A3-2 TelephoneNumbers3- 2 Telephone Numbersal**=A3-3OpenVMSTutorialWebsites3- 3 OpenVMS Tutorial Websites>\=A3-4DPBooks3- 4 DP BooksYl&&=A3-5OpenVMSMailingLists3- 5 OpenVMS Mailing Listsfl!--=A11-1XWindowsDisplayCommands11- 1 X Windows Display Commands *kSA)OTheOpenVMS FrequentlyAskedO:Questions(FAQ)OABSTRACTQOJThisdocumentcontainsanswerstomanycommon questionsontheJOOpenVMS operatingsystem,andcoversOpenVMS,andOpenVMS (DIGITAL).&HOAlsoofinterestare resourcesand conferencingsystemsEO including Encompasserve (formerlyknownas DECUServe),?O5KenFarmer's OpenVMS.Orgforums,andtheCompaq OWorkingGroupfolks:' `m$mtelnet://eisner.decus.org/ `!http://www.openvms.org/ `l,l"http://www.compaqworkinggroup.org/n(! VD;O1.2.3BWhat newsgrouparchivesare available?GO4 ExtensivearchivesofINFO-VAXmailingsand comp.os.vmsPOpostingsarearchivedand availableatftp://crvax.sri.com/info-MOvax/.(Googlealsohas extensive newsgrouparchives available%O=athttp://www.google.com/.) 8O1.2.4BWhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?DO4INFO-VAX isamailinglistwhichisbidirectionallyBO gatewayedtothe comp.os.vms newsgroup..ThismeansNOthatpostingsto comp.os.vmsget automaticallysenttoINFO-HO=VAX subscribersandmessagessenttotheINFO-VAXlistEOare automaticallypostedto comp.os.vms.+INFO-VAXcanQObeausefulwayto participateinthe newsgroupifyoucan'tIOGaccessthe newsgroupdirectlythrougha newsreader.)NoteKOthatINFO-VAXisaclosedmailinglist,whichmeansthatthatpeoplecanhelpyouwithyour question.) `MIf respondingtoaposting,includeinyourreplyonlyasLhmuchoftheoriginalpostingasis necessaryto establishKcontext.*Asa guideline,considerthatifyou'veincludedF moretextthanyou'veadded,you'vepossiblyincludedHq toomuch.'Neverinclude signaturesandother irrelevant  material. `I NI Pleasebepolite.(Ifthequestionisn'twordedthewayyouI thinkiscorrectordoesn'tincludethe informationyouL want,trytoimaginewhattheproblemmightbeifviewedFS fromtheposter's perspective.,Requestsfor additionalH detailed informationareoftenbettersentthroughmail3 ratherthanpostedtothe newsgroup. ` I IfyouhaveaproblemwithHP(oranyother vendor's)H product,pleaseusethe appropriatesupportchannel.)DoL4 notassumethat newsgrouppostingswillgetread,willbeO  respondedtobythe appropriate developers,orwillbelater followedupupon. `eMeIfyouarepostingfromawebbrowser,newsreaderorifJyouarepostingviaemailsentto INFO-VAX,pleaseturnBoffMIME,vcard, attachments,andother mechanismsDnthatassumeanyonereadingtheposthasthecorre-Ispondingcapability-usethe text-onlyoptionofyourwebI browser,newsreader,ormailer.*Usenetis traditionallyAxa text-onlymedium,andmany comp.os.vmspartici-Qpantswillusetoolsthathavethissupport disabled,orthatI)donothavethissupport.)IfthemessageusesMIMEorH attachmentsorsuch,thetextofyourmessagewillbeRburiedinalargepileof gibberish,andsometoolswillsendF3multiplecopiesofthetextwithinasingleposting. `OIfyoufindthatthepostingsofa particularuserareun-D  interesting, annoying,or off-topic,most newsreadersGcincludeafilterorkillfile mechanism,andmanymail:clientshavesimilar filtering capabilities.PleasedonotN ``flame''-toemailortopostvitriol-any individualthatOmmightannoyyou,pleaseenableandfilterallofthatusers postings.+0PostingofvitriolandflamesDwill eventuallyHcomebacktohauntyou.* Similarly,readersthatdecideJwthatyourpostingsarenotworthyofreadingwillsimi-3larlytendtofilterortokillfile all%ofyour postings.(Please((playnice,inotherwords.*5Xs?(K6!JOBeforepostingyourquestiontothe comp.os.vms newsgroupLOorsendingyourmessagetotheINFO-VAXlist,alsopleaseOO5takethetimetoreview available etiquette information,suchftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/primer/part1 `E;ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/faq/part1 `lBl8ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/emily-postnews/part1 `DDD:ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/writing- style/part1 `D:ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/posting-t rules/part18 |LOThis informationwilldocumentthe etiquetteof newsgroups,OOaswellas providingyouwiththe knowledgethevastamountNO5ofnewsgroup-related informationthatisreadily availableto+Oyou,andwheretofindit... _UNote _FPleasedonotpostsecurityholesorsystemcrashers9zEWRather,pleasereporttheseproblemsdirectlytoHP.>Why?/SothatHPhasachancetoresolveandE distributeafixbeforeothercustomersitescanbea affected.:AWMostfolksinthe newsgroupsarehonestandde-Eservetoknowabout potentialsecurity problems,butGafewfolkscanandwillmake nefarioususeofthisCasame information.*Othersiteswill hopefullyreturnGthe courtesy,andwillnotpost informationthatwillB potentially compromiseyoursiteandyourcomputerk environment. b; 8=O1.4BWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?KOU Encompass,the Enterprise Computing Association,isauserLOgroup comprisedof information technology professionalsthatMOare interestedintheEnterprise-oriented products, services,GO^and technologiesofCompaqandoftheformerDIGITAL.HO Encompassoffers newsletters,the Encompasswebsite,andIOoffersvarious gatheringsandrelated services, including?Ohsymposiaeventsandlocalusersgroup meetings.<HO Encompassisa descendentofthe organizationknownasDODECUS,theDigital EquipmentComputerUsersSociety.=cDOFormore informationon Encompass, pleasevisittheO Encompasswebsite:Z>0 `m%mhttp://www.encompassus.org/?NCOThe organization comprisedof customersofHewlett-EOPackardCompany(HP)thatisprobablymost analogous8O5tothe Encompass organizationisInterex:V@, `m!mhttp://www.interex.org/;A! OOLike Encompass,InterexoffersvariousservicesandeventsofROinteresttofolksthat presentlyworkwithand/orthatwishtoPO5learnaboutHPproductsand offerings.'PleaseseetheInterex Owebsitefordetails.fLM%""O 2.2General! Informationk ^! EO2.2BWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?GOUVMSandOpenVMSaretwonamesforthesame operatingIOsystem.+ Originally,the operatingsystemwascalledVAX-GO11/VMS;itchangedtoVAX/VMSataroundVAX/VMSV2.0.HO^WhentheVMS operatingsystemwasportedtotheAlphaKO platform,itwasrenamedOpenVMS,forbothVAXandAlphaRO(andfortheItanium ProcessorFamily),inparttosignifytheOOhhighdegreeofsupportforindustry standardssuchasPOSIX,=OwhichprovidesmanyfeaturesofUNIXsystems._aJOForthoseversionswithPOSIX,anOpenVMSlicenseallowsMOyoutoinstallandrunPOSIXforOpenVMSatno additionalLO5charge;allyouneedisthemediaand documentationwhichKOcanbefoundonthe Consolidated DistributionandOn-LineDO DocumentationCD-ROMs.'SupportforthePOSIXpackageKO>onmorerecentOpenVMSreleasesisnot available,variousNOpartsofPOSIXsuchascallsfromtheAPIarebeinginte-HOgratedmoredirectlyintoOpenVMS.Formore information3OHonPOSIXforVMSseequestionSOFT2` DOWhatbecame confusingisthattheOpenVMSnamewasBO introducedfirstforOpenVMSAXPV1.0causingtheCO5 widespread misimpressionthatOpenVMSwasforAlphaMOAXPonly,while ``regularVMS''wasforVAX.Infact,theOOofficialnameoftheVAX operatingsystemwaschangedasofTO>V5.5,thoughthenamedidnotstarttobeactuallyusedintheOproductuntilV6.0.aNHOThepropernamesforOpenVMSonthetwo platformsareFOnow ``OpenVMSVAX''and ``OpenVMSAlpha'',thelatter/O5having superseded ``OpenVMSAXP''.b :O2.2.1BHowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?>O4Youalreadydid.(Wasn'tthateasy?'Pleasesee4Section2.2 u4forOdetails.*b}?^Wc -5O2.3BWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?KOUThisquestioncomesup periodically,usuallyaskedbynewGO subscribersamdnewposterswhoare long-timeUNIXorPOLinuxusers.( Sometimes,thequestionisignoredtotally;otherPO^times,itleadstoalongseriesof repetitivemessagesthatPOconvincenooneandusuallycarrylittleifanynewinforma-NOtion.*Pleasedoeveryoneafavorandavoid re-startingthis(Oh perpetual, fruitlessdebate.ed ;EOThatsaid,OpenVMSandthebetterimplementationsofOOUNIXareallfine operatingsystems,eachwithits strengthsMO5and weaknesses.*Ifyou'reinapositionwhereyouneedtoOOchoose,selecttheonethatbestfitsyourown requirements,OO considering,forexample,whetherornotthelayeredproductsPO>orspecificOSfeaturesyouwantare available,and consider-MOingtheexpectedcost-of-ownershipoverthelifetimeoftheOsystem installation.mz 7Z+OTable2-1:7OpenVMSMediaKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QA-MT1AP-H8=yOpenVMSAlphaV6.1-1H2hardwarereleaseCD-ROMO$ QA-MT1AG-H8=y$OpenVMSAlphaV6.2-1H3hardwarereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT1AD-H8=yOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-1H1hardwarereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT1AR-H8>yOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT1AT-H8>yOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO  QA-MT1AU-H8=y OpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1H1hardwarereleaseCD-ROM O1 oP)OTable2-2:7OpenVMSECOKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QT-3CQAA-C8yOpenVMSAlphaO$ QT-3CRAA-C8y$OpenVMSVAX OJ q D>OTable2-3:7OpenVMSSourceListingsCD-ROMKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QB-MT1AB-E82yOpenVMSAlphaSourceListingsCD-ROMO$ QT-MT1AB-Q8;y$OpenVMSAlphaSourceListingsCD-ROMUpdatesO QB-001AB-E80yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingsCD-ROMO QT-001AB-Q89yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingsCD-ROMUpdates O> MenUGO2.4BIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?OUYes.fHOActive developmentofnewOpenVMSreleasesis underway,7Oaswellasthe continuationofsupport.giJOPleaseseethe followingURLsfordetails, roadmaps,andOrelated information:xh N `m(mhttp://www.openvms.compaq.com/ `=3http://www.openvms.compaq.com/OPENVMS/strategy.html `l@l6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/roadmap/openvms_ roadmaps.htm `D5D+http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvmstimes/ `'http://www.compaq.com/inform/  i=O2.5BWhatOpenVMSCD-ROM distributionkitsare( available?1OVarious distributionsare available.Tj*KOFor informationonthe availablepartnumbersandcurrentEOproducts(OpenVMS distributionkits,media, documenta-QO5tion,etc)and associated licensing information,pleaseseetheIOOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD), availableat:k7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.l! N"OTheCD-ROMslistedinTable2-1%?containjusttheOpenVMSNOAlpha operatingsystem.(Theseare bootable,andcanbeused(O5torunBACKUPfromCD-ROM.*lF`?m nUOThetableTable2-234containsthe consolidatedECOdistri-NObutionkitsubscriptions,andtheseprovidesiteswitheight:O<updatesofthecurrentECOkitsperyear:*nMc?op^BOTheOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlphasourcelistings"OCD-ROMsetslistedinTable2-3(includethesourcelistingsHO<ofmostofOpenVMS,andtheseCD-ROMsetsareinvalu-MOableforanyfolksworkingdirectlywithOpenVMS internals,LOaswellasfolks interestedinseeingexamplesofvarious"OE programming interfaces.*pb?q !rA|8O2.6BInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?DO(OpenVMSiswritteninawidevarietyof languages.s wFOInno particularorder,OpenVMS componentsareimple-FOmentedusingBliss,Macro,Ada,PLI,VAXandDECC,IOiFortran,UIL,VAXandAlphaSDL,Pascal,MDL,DECC++,GODCL,Message,and Document.,Andthisis certainlynotKOacompletelist.+However,therumorisNOTtruethatanMOrattemptwasmadetowritepiecesofOpenVMSineverysup-NOportedlanguagesothattheRun-Time LibrariescouldnotbeIO# unbundled.((APL,BASIC,COBOLandRPGarejustsomeof,O|the languagesNOT represented!)t! WLOTherearealargevarietyofsmalland not-so-smalltoolsFOandDCLcommand proceduresthatareusedaspartofJO5theOpenVMSbuild,andasourcecodecontrolsystemca-KOpableof maintainingoverahundredthousandsourcefilesNOacrossmultipleparallel development projects,and overlappingO> releases."!#waCO2.8BDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?%OUOpenVMScangeneratetheRU%xA4$>U charactercodeusedforFOtheEuro,andthe DECwindowsDECtermcandisplaytheJOglyph.-Pleasecheckwiththevendorofyourterminalor7O^terminalemulatorfor additionaldetails.NKOFor additional informationonthesupportoftheEuropeanFOMonetaryUnionEurocurrencyglyphonOpenVMS,pleaseO5see:b8 `m-m#http://www.openvms.compaq.com/euro/8&V =OTable2-4:7OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb O 6OFMicroprocessor GenerationOpenVMSVersionFGeneralComments Ob O21064EV43V1.03fewsystems;mostEV4requirelater;upgrade availableOq21164EV53qV6.2(q subsequentupgrade availableO21164AEV563V6.2-1H33 subsequentupgradetoV7.1andlaterOe21264EV63eV7.1-28e subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orlaterO,21264AEV673,V7.1-28, subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orzlaterOxxxxxxEV683V7.2-14believed/probable; currently expectation O $#%some additionalefforttoport.) W?OSeveralmanualsonportingfromOpenVMSVAXtoDOOpenVMSAlphaare availableintheOpenVMSdocumen-IO5tationset, including informationonportingVAXMacro32JO assemblercodetotheMacro32compileronOpenVMSAlpha,HOon management differences,on upgrading privilegedcode,&O>and application migration:u `m,m"http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/ `3)http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/v LLODetailsontheC programming environmentare availableat:V `m7m-http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/c_ index.htmluKKODetailsonportingVAXCtoHPCareare availableat:W `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/index_vax.htme;;OAnOpenVMSPortingLibraryis availableat:va L `mAm7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.htmlNJO Informationonthe EnterpriseToolkit,a Visual-basedde-DO velopment environmentfor developing applicationsforEO5OpenVMSusinga Microsoft platform,is availableat:X `m9m/http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/et/et_ index.htmlh@ODetailsonDCE,CORBA, BridgeWorks,andCOM/DCOM(O middlewareis availableat:w M `mBm8http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/middleware.htmllBBO InformationontheCOE standardsis availableat:Z0 `m%mhttp://diicoe.disa.mil/coe/ cJOAwidevarietyof programming developmenttoolsandmid-JOdlewareare availableas commercialproducts(eg:*DECset,FO5IBM WebSphere MQ-formerly MQseries),andvarioustoolsMOarealso availableas sharewareoras Freeware.*Pleaseseeprogramhas subsequentlybeen incorporatedintotheHPODSPPprogram.pOPleaseseeSection2.7.31for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?$+*,z wP.O2.16CBasicUnitsof Measurement?JOUOpenVMSandthe underlyinghardwareusevariousunitsofJO measurementfordiskandmemorystorage,andrelatedab-PO breviationsalso typicallyexist.)Thissectioncoversthemost>O^commonunits,andthe associatedabbreviations. bitmap.*The allocation granularityisknownasthevolumeROcluster factor-theclusterfactoristhenumberofblocksinaSOdiskcluster,anditisthesmallestnumberofblocksthatcan9OHbe allocatedona particulardiskvolume.Q'HOPriortoOpenVMSV7.2,themaximum permissiblesizeofLOthebitmaprequireslargerclusterfactorsasvolumesizesNO5 increase.*StartingwithV7.2,thebitmapcanbelarger,andEOclusterfactorsassmallasoneblockcanbeused. aNOThenumberofbytesinafilecanbe determinedbymulti-POplyingthenumberofblocks allocatedforthefiletimesthePO5numberofbytesinablock.+For sequentialfiles(only),theGOFFB (XAB$W_FFB,intheFileHeaderXAB)valuecanbeOOusedtofindouthowmuchofthelast (XAB$L_EBK)blockisNO>used.(FFBandEBKare meaningfulonlyfor sequentialfiles,MOandonlyinalimitedcontext-partialblock allocationsarePOnot permitted.(Forotherfileformats,theEOFmarkerisnotOH meaningful. WSODisk allocationsalwaysoccuronlyinunitsoftheclusterfac-ROtors,whichcanbefromoneblockupto (potentially)clustersLO5ofeighteenblocksormore, dependingonthevolumeclus-LOterfactor.*(OpenVMSV7.2andlater optionallyprovideforNOaclusterfactorofoneuptovolumesof approximately137O> gigabytes.) WKOOpenVMSassumesthatthedevicedriverandthe underlyingKOstoragedevicewillpresentthefilesystemwithaddress-RO5ableunitsofstorageof512bytesinsize,orthe appearanceEOofsame.,Various third-partyCD-ROMdevices,forin-NOstance,supportonly2048byteblocks,andsuchdevicesareFO> incompatiblewiththestandardOpenVMSdevicedrivers.WMOTo determinethenumberofbytesrequiredforafilefromKODCL,oneoptionusesthef$file_attributesitemEOF,mul-RO5tipliedbythesizeofablockinbytes(512).,ThisdoesnotSOaccountfortheunusedspaceinthelastblockofa sequentialUOfile,butitalsodoesnothaveto differentiate sequentialfilesO>fromotherfiles.;=O2.16.2CHowmanybytesareinamemorypage?IO4Amemorypageistheminimumunitofmemory allocationDOinOpenVMS.WithOpenVMSVAX,thememorypagesizeGOmatchesthediskblocksize:'itisalways512bytes. WGOWithOpenVMSAlpha,thememorypagesizeis variable,SOanditcanrangefrom8192bytes(8 kilobytes)upto64kilo-NO5bytes.'Thecurrentsystempagesizecanbe determinedusingIOthe sys$getsyiorf$getsyi PAGE_SIZEitem.(ProgramswithGO hardcoded constantsforthememorypagesize(orpageOO> alignment)shouldalwaysassumeapagesizeof64 kilobytes. NHOOnOpenVMSAlpha,a512byteareaofmemory-equivilentMOinsizetoanOpenVMSVAXmemorypage-isreferedtoasaO5pagelet.T! *IO2.16.3CHowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?&KB,MB,GB,TB?RO4Thesmallest granularityofdiskstorage addressingiscalledaQOdiskblock,or sometimesadisksector.)GroupsofdiskblocksQOareusually organizedtogetherintothesmallestunitofstor-XO=agethatcanbe allocated,andthisunitiscalledadiskcluster.UOThenumberofblocksinaclusteristheclusterfactor,andis@O establishedwhenthediskvolumeis initialized.T! *POEach individualdiskblockiscomposedoffivehundredtwelveOO(512)bytes,orone-half kilobyte.)Eachbyteis comprisedofQO5eightbits.)Abit representsthesmallestunitof information,:O typicallyreferedtoasaoneorazero. LOOpenVMStendstousesbasetwonotationfordiskstorage,KOwhilediskstoragecapacityspecificationsfrommoststor-LO5agevendors (includingCompaq)will generallyusebasetenO notation.}QOAnOpenVMSdiskblockis512bytesinsize;thisisone-half,Okilobyteinbasetwo notation.! {QOThe followingtable describestheprefix,the abbreviation,andLOthe associatedbaseten (marketing)andbasetwo (OpenVMS)O5values.Base&TenBase%Two?-----------------------------p----------------------IKilobyteK(KB)K10**3I1000p2**10Z I1024MegabyteK(MB)K10**6D1000000p2**201048576GigabyteK(GB)K10**9 1000000000p2**30z 1073741824E!TerabyteK(TB)K10**12 1000000000000p2**40 1099511627776KiPetabyteK(PB)K10**15%1000000000000000p2**50&1125899906842624 W4OThebasetenrepresentationofthe2 G**'40valueis1099511627776,OOwhichis obviouslyratherugly.'WhenviewedasabaseeightLO5orbasesixteen(octalor hexadecimal, respectively)value,QOthevalueisfarnicer.) Specifically,thevalueis 10000000000HOand40000000when representedinoctaland hexadecimal,O> respectively. WJO Notationalnote:)WithintheOpenVMSFAQ,athousandbitsOO(eitherassumingbasetwoorbaseten,as determinedbytheSO5context)isreferedtoaskilobit,andisalways representedbyMOthe appreviationKb,whileaKilobyteisalways representedOOasKB.Similar notationalusagealsoholdsforMegabits(Mb)FO>and Megabytes(MB),andforthevariousotherunits.z PJOOpenVMS operatingsystem referencestosystemandstorageTOare generallytothebase-twoversion(eg:'1024,inthecaseofNO5akilobyteorkilobit)whilestoragehardware referencesandNOhardwarespecificationsare generallytothebase-tenversionO(eg:'1000). WNOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(basetwo) kilobytes(KB;QO1024bytes),simplydividebytwo.)Toconvertblocksto(baseMO5two) megabytes,divideby2048.*Blocksto(basetwo)giga-OObytes(GB),divideby2097152.'These particular divisionscanPOalsobe performedusing bitshifts:+todivideavaluebytwo,GO>shiftthebinaryvalue rightwardbyonebit position.wIOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(baseten) kilobytes,.Odivideby approximately 1.953125.?! QOForthosefolkswithaninterestinodd applicationsforpre-OOfixes,and particularlyforthosefolksalso rummagingaroundPO5deepwithinthesystem parameter listings,amicrofortnightis%O approximatelyonesecond._,+-E%O 3.2 DocumentationJ10= P)OTable3-2:7 TelephoneNumbers O OF TelephoneyF Description Ob bO1-800-AT-COMPAQHP(Compaq, includingDIGITALandTandem)productsandservices5O$1-800-STORWORKTheHP StorageWorksteam OJ b.-0 )HO3.2BWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?COUOnyourOpenVMSsystem,theHELPcommandcanpro-NOvideawealthof information,notonlyonDCLcommandsbutFOonsystemservices(HELPSystem_Services)andRun-TimeBO^Libraryroutines(HELPRTL_Routines).-The introduc-HOtion displayedwhenyoutypetheHELPcommandwithnohavebeen presentedatvariousDECUS symposia.$O HPOpenVMS Documentation,O"http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/3OI)http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/gVarious introductoryguidesaswellasmoreadvancedmanualsare availableinthe=OpenVMSandlayeredproduct documentationset.O HPOpenVMSTraining2O (http://www.compaq.com/training/home.html6OQ ,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/wbt/index.htmln HPofferstraining informationand TechnicalResourceKits(TRKs)andotherTrainingforX OpenVMS.AnOpenVMS certification (testing)programisalso available.&O http://www.jcameron.com/vms/ AnOpenVMSQuiz"O http://www.CCSScorp.com/H CCSS InteractiveLearninghasOpenVMStraining materials"Oy http://www.acersoft.com/I AcerSoftTraining information,andShannonKnowsPunditry Om http://www.mindiq.com/c O  OURLSponsor O 'xMindIQtraining information O ,7  OTable3-4:7DPBooks O OFTitleandAuthorFISBN Ob 2O IntroductiontoOpenVMS,5thEditionOLesleyOgilvieRice1555581943#Oq IntroductiontoOpenVMSODavidWBynonq1878956612>O8OpenVMSAlpha Internals:( SchedulingandProcessOControl81555581560YOOpenVMSAXP InternalsandData Structures:!Version1.5E155558120X,OzOpenVMSSystem ManagementGuideORichardBerryz15555814397OATheOpenVMSUser'sGuide,SecondEditionOPatrickHolmayA15555820360OUsing DECwindowsMotifforOpenVMSOVMargieSherlock1555581145TOVAX/VMS InternalsandData Structures:!Version5.21555580599O3.6BWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive( internals?GOTheOpenVMS InternalsandData Structuremanual(IDSM)COexplainshowtheOpenVMS executiveworks..ThebookGO^coversthe operatingsystemkernel:+process management;DOmemory management;theI/O subsystem;andthemech-MOanismsthattransfercontrolto,from,andamongthese.+ItROhgivesanoverviewofa particularareaofthesystem,followedSOby descriptionsofthedata structuresrelatedtothatareaand>Odetailsofthecodethat implementsthearea.! WLOThefirsteditionoftheOpenVMSAlpha internalsbookde-POscribesVersion1.5.'AlthoughtherehavebeenseveralreleasesNO5ofOpenVMSAlphasinceVersion1.5(V6.1,V6.2,V7.0,V7.1,MOetc)andmanydetailsinthebookarenolonger accurate,LOit continuestoprovideastrong conceptual descriptionofO>OpenVMS internals.WNOThisbookhasbeensplitintofivepieces,eachtobeup-MOdated separately.*Thefirstsuchvolume, publishedinearlyHO51997,was"OpenVMSAlpha InternalsandData Structures:JO SchedulingandProcess Control,"whichcoverstheVersionJO7.0implementationoftruemultithreadingandthechanged)O> schedulingmodelitimplies.dNOThe internalsbooksare availablethroughDigitalPress,seeOSection3.7*O|?$ 9  .OTable3-5:7OpenVMSMailingLists O OF SubscriptionFInterestArea Ob 8OOpenVMSFreewarearchive announcementlistFSupdate@goatley.com&FSupdate-request@goatley.com  1-OTwo-wayechoofvmsnet.internals&VMSnet-Internals@goatley.com.$VMSnet-Internals-request@goatley.com  10OVOpenVMSAlpha Internals discussionsVAlpha-IDS@goatley.com'Alpha-IDS-request@goatley.com  1O,BLISS discussions,BLISSters@goatley.com'BLISSters-request@goatley.com l 1`OProcessSoftwareMultiNetmailinglist(newsgateway)Info-MultiNet@process.com+_!Info-MultiNet-request@process.com E C 1^OProcessSoftwareTCPwaremailinglist(newsgateway)Info-TCPware@process.com*5 Info-TCPware-request@process.com P  1AOProcessSoftwarePMDFmailinglist(newsgateway)Info-PMDF@process.com' Info-PMDF-request@process.com  16OTheSRI CHARON-VAXVAXemulatorpackage&CHARON-VAX-Users@process.comCHARON-VAX-Users- request@process.com e  15O Info-Zip'sZip&UnZip discussionlistInfo-Zip@wku.edu"Info-Zip-Request@wku.edu 0  1BOo  RADIUS-VMS,aRADIUSserverforOpenVMS discussionO forumo radius-vms@dls.net$ radius-vms-request@dls.net P 1@O7 InternetService Providers(ISPs)runningOpenVMS7 vms-isps@dls.net" vms-isps-request@dls.net w 1DO UsersofMarkDaniel'sWASDwebserverforOpenVMSJOZ VAXandAlphaexists.# InformationaboutthislistserverQO anddetailsonhowto subscribetothelistare availableat#O the referencedwebsite.! http://wasd.vsm.com.au/Oo VMSForum5o +http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/comp/ava/vms_  forum.htmlx O  OE 1ma Thisisthe subscriptionaddress.Usually,youwillwanttosendamailmessagewithnosubjectline,anda SUBSCRIBEor?O HELPcommandinthebodyofthemailmessage. O y5 48  )IO3.7BWherecannewusersfindtutorial informationabout(OpenVMS?VOFirst,seeifyourlocalsitehas informationonthistopic.'EachMOsitecanhave site-specificfeaturesandconfiguration.)SomeOO^siteswillhave site-specificnewuser'sdocumentation,cover-SOingvarious site-specificthingsthatare difficultor impossible?OforthegeneralOpenVMS documentationtocover.$O3.7.1BTutorial Websites?HO4VariouswebsiteswithOpenVMS informationare available;OTable3-3*containssome suggestedURLs.*OOa?x'O3.7.2BBooksand Tutorials?MOSomeoftheOpenVMSbooksthatareorhavebeen available,O_fromtheDigitalPressimprintQ' `http://www.bh.com/X.Oarelistedin Table3-4:* Fa?oEEOForvariousfeaturedOpenVMSbooks,alsopleasesee:oE `m:m0http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/books.htmltJJOFora bibliographyofvariousOpenVMSbooks,pleasesee:i? `m4m*http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_book.htmlx885:=O3.8BWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsare available?KOUVariousOpenVMSmailinglistsare available,withsomeof-Othe availablelistsdetailedinPTable3-5.*Ppa?:8;#! MO3.9BWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheardabout?DO(TheHPOpenVMSAskTheWizard(ATW)websiteisanJOinformalarea containing questionsandanswersonawideOvarietyoftopics.c9 `.$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?' OOToaccessacitedtopic directly,usetheURLfilenameWIZ_HOtopic-number.HTML.Forexample,topic(1020)canbeac-MO5cesseddirectlyusingtheURLfilename wiz_1020.htmlattheO followingURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/n DPOAziparchive(named wizard.zip) containingalloftheavail-MOabletopicsand questionscanbe downloadedfromtheaboveGO5URL.The wizard.zipziparchiveis completelyregener-NOatedwhennewbatchesoftopicsarepostedouttotheATWOwebsite. WPOBeforepostingaquestiontotheAskTheWizardarea,pleaseJOreadandpleaseheedtheposting rules-andpleaseremem-LO5bertosearchthis document,theOpenVMSFAQ.AndifyouPOhaveaquestionthatrequiresananswer,orifyourquestionMOhas time-critical constraintsorbusiness constraints,please@O>contacttheHPcustomersupportcenter directly.h<;=N%$$O 4.2Time!and! Timekeeping<>%=?DO4.2BAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?COUWhydoesOpenVMSregardsNovember17,1858asthe O beginningoftime...DOThemodifiedJuliandateadoptedbythe SmithsonianIO Astrophysical Observatory(SAO)for satellitetrackingisJO5JulianDay 2400000.5,whichturnsouttobemidnightonONovember17,1858.! POSAOstartedtracking satelliteswithan8K (nonvirtual)36-bitLOIBM704in1957whenSputnikwentintoorbit.)TheJulianLO5daywas2435839onJanuary1,1957.)Thisis11225377oc-WOtal,whichwastoobigtofitintoan18-bitfield.'Withonly8KPOofmemory,the14bitsleftoverbykeepingtheJuliandateKO>initsown36-bitwordwouldhavebeenwasted.+SAOalsoSOneededthefractionofthecurrentday(forwhich18bitsgaveMOenough accuracy),soitwasdecidedtokeepthenumberofWOHdaysintheleft18bitsandthefractionofadayintheright"O18bitsofoneword.! _NOEighteenbitsallowsthe truncatedJulianDay(theSAOday)MOtogrowaslargeas262143,whichfromNovember17,1858,RO5allowedfor7 centuries.( Possibly,thedatecouldonlygrowasWOlargeas131071(using17bits),butthisstillcovers3 centuriesOOandleavesthe possibilityof representingnegativetime.)TheOO>1858dateprecededtheoldeststar catalogueinuseatSAO,QOwhichalsoavoidedhavingtousenegativetimeinanyofthe,O satellitetracking calculations.  JOTheoriginalJulianDay(JD)isusedby astronomersandOO expressedindayssincenoonJanuary1,4713B.C.Thismea-NO5sureoftimewas introducedbyJosephScaligerinthe16thNOcentury.+Itisnamedinhonorofhisfather,JuliusCaesarLOScaliger(notethatthisJulianDayis differentfromtheMO>JuliancalendarthatisnamedfortheRomanEmperorJuliusO Caesar!). KOWhy4713BC?ScaligertracedthreetimecyclesandfoundVOthattheywereallinthefirstyearoftheircylein4713B.C.QO5Thethreecyclesare15,19,and28yearslong.(By multiply-)Oingthesethreenumbers(15 [* 19 **I28=7980),hewasabletoEO representanydatefrom4713B.C.through3267A.D.IOThestartingyearwasbeforeany historicaleventknownPOtohim.*Infact,theJewishcalendarmarksthestartoftheOO5worldas3761B.C.Todayhis numberingschemeisstillusedLOby astronomerstoavoidthe difficultiesof convertingtheMOmonthsof different calendarsinuseduring differenteras.O%%OThe followingwebsites:  `m>m4http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/year-2000/leap.html `E)Ehttp://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ `http://www.nist.gov/ `D/D%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `5+http://www.tondering.dk/claus/calendar.html `B@B6http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Things/gregorian_ calendar.htmllLOareallgood time-related resources,somegeneralandsome OspecifictoOpenVMS.kAAO4.2.1BDetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?d::O4.2.1.1CVAXhardware time-keeping details... O 4.2.1.1.1CTOYclock1KThisisbatterybackeduphardwareQO(timing circuitryusedtokeepthecorrecttimeofyearduringKO rebooting,power failures,andsystem shutdown.*ThisclockQOonlykeepstrackofmonths,days,andtime.'ThetimeiskeptQO2relativetoJanuary1st,at 00:00:00.00oftheyeartheclockOwas initiailized.R(#O 4.2.1.1.2CEXE$GQ_SYSTIME%hThisistheOpenVMSVAXPO(systemtimecell.(Thiscellcontainsthenumberof100nsin-OOtervalssinceaknown reference.(Thiscellis incrementedbyAO100000every10msbyanhardwareintervaltimer.! $O 4.2.1.1.3CEXE$GQ_TODCBASE.ThiscellcontainsthetimeandLO(datethesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItFOusesthesameformatasEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.On adjustmentLOofthesystemtimeacopyofEXE$GQ_SYSTIMEisstoredinUO2thiscellinbothmemoryandondisk.(Thiscellisusedtoget,Otheyearforthesystemtime.X U. O 4.2.1.1.4C EXE$GL_TODR4ThiscellcontainsthetimeanddateLO(thesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItusesLOthesameformatasthetimeofyearclock.*On adjustmentPOofthesystemtimethiscellgetssavedbacktobothmemoryUO2anddisk.)Thecontentsofthiscellareusedtotestthevalid-JOityoftheTOYclock.(Thesystem parametersSETTIMEandAOTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinehowthesystemtimewillO<beset. 7OmIFSETTIME=0ETHENthecontentsoftheTOYclockarecomparedto!thoseof EXE$GL_TODR.c!! 9JOKIFtheTOYclockismorethanadaybehind EXE$GL_TODR7YTHENtheTOYclockispresumedinvalid. #BY#IFtheTOYclockiswithinadayof EXE$GL_TODR?Y|THENthesystemtimeis calculatedasfollows: /YEXE$GQ_SYSTIME=EXE$GQ_TODCBASE+&YT ((TOY_CLOCK- EXE$GL_TODR) _*T100000) `=IFSETTIME=1ortheTOYclockisinvalid:+THENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determines.howtoresetthetimeofyear.%"! D"OAIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT>0CYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddate,=YforalengthoftimeequaltoTIMEPROMPTWAITYKmicrofortnights. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0@Y#THENthetimeofyearisthevalueofEXE$GL_Y{TODR+10ms. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0+YStoproceeduntiltheydoso. GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandY+unable8# @OWhenbootingaCD-ROM containinganOpenVMSVAXMOsystem,thesystemwill typicallybe deliberately configuredTO5prompttheusertoinputthetime-thisis necessaryinorder-Otobootwiththecorrecttime.$ FOIfeitherTIMEPROMPTWAITorSETTIMEaresettozero,JOOpenVMSVAXwillusetheTOYclocktogetthetimeofKO5year,andtheyearwillbefetchedfromtheCD-ROM.TheKOvalueoftheyearontheCD-ROMmedia(savedwithintheKOSYS.EXEimage)willmostlikelybethatofwhentheCD-JO>ROMwasmade,andcannotbechanged.'UnlessthecurrentLOyearhappenstobethesameyearasthatontheCD-ROM,TOmostlikelytheyearwillbeoff.' (Further,withthe calculationPOHofLeapYearalsobeing dependentonthecurrentyear,thereDOisa possibilitythatthedatecouldbeofftoo.)f%<0:YTHENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinesGYhowlongtheuserispromptedtoenterthetimeandJYqdate.'Iftimeexpiresandnotimehasbeenenteredthe5YsystemactsasifTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0. I"YIIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0FYTHENthesystemtimeis calculatedfromthecontents)YofEXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK+1. z"YzIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandEY+unabletocontinueuntilthe informationisentered.KOUnliketheVAX,theAlphahardwareclocktracksthefullVOdateandtime,notjustthetimeofyear.'Thismeansitispos-KOasibletobootfromtheCD-ROMmediawithoutenteringtheMOtimeattheCD-ROM bootstrap.'(Thisprovidedthatthetime;Oanddatehavebeen initialized,ofcourse.)*UCOIA-64 (Itanium)hardware time-keepingdetailstobeOadded...+! PO4.2.1.3CWhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?JO)BecausetheVAXTimeOfYear(TOY)hasa resolutionofOO497days,theVAXsystemtimeisstoredusingboththeTOYBOandtheOpenVMSVAXsystemimageSYS.EXE.BecauseNO3oftheuseofthe combinationoftheTOYandSYS.EXE,youLOneedtoissueaSETTIMEcommand(withno parameters)atOOleastoncebetweenJanuary1standaboutApril11thofeachLO<year,andwheneveryouchangesystemimages(duetoboot-GOinganotherOpenVMSVAXsystem,bootingthe standaloneBOBACKUPimage,anECOthatreplacesSYS.EXE,etc).,BOTheSETTIMEcommandis automaticallyissueddur-?Oing various standard OpenVMS procedures!such asHO5 SHUTDOWN,anditcanalso obviouslybeissueddirectlyKObyasuitably privilegeduser.*IssuingtheSETTIMEcom-OOmandresetsthevaluestoredintheTOY,and(if necessary)QO>alsoupdatestheportionofthetime(thecurrentyear)saved*OintheSYS.EXEsystemimage.R-(HOThisVAXTOYlimitisthereasonwhyOpenVMSVAXin-GO stallationkitsand standaloneBACKUP explicitlypromptHO5forthetimeduring bootstrap,andwhythetimevalueMOcan"getweird"ifthesystemcrashesoutsidethe497dayIOwindow(ifnoSETTIMEwasissuedtoupdatethesavedQO>values),andwhythetimevaluecan"getweird"ifadiffer-FOentSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXEisused (alternatesystemdisk,$O standaloneBACKUP,etc)..AO4.2.2BHowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?HO4VAXsystemsmaintainanintervalclock,andahardwareOclock./ NMOTheVAXhardwareclockiscalledtheTOY("TimeOfYear")NOclock.,Theregister associatedwiththeclockiscalledthe,O5TODR("TimeOfDay Register").>0MOTheTOYclock-as used-storestimerelativetoJanuaryfirstQOofthecurrentyear,startingatat 00:00:00.00.+Itisa100MO5Hz,32-bitcounter, incrementedevery10ms,andthushasa)Ocapacityofcirca497days.1NAOOpenVMS(ontheVAX platform)storessystemdateFOinformation-andin particular,thecurrentyear-inthe-O5systemimage,SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXE.2NOOTheTOYisused,in conjunctionwiththebasedatethatisPOstoredand retrievedfromthesystemimage,to initializetheGO5intervalclockvaluethatisstoredinEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.3 aPOOncetheintervalclockisloaded,thesystemdoesnottypi-MOcally referencetheTOYagain,unlessaSETTIME(withnoPO5 parameters)isissued.(TheintervalclockvalueisupdatedbyNOaperiodicIPL22orIPL24 (dependingonthespecificimple-LO mentation) interrupt.'(Whenthese interruptsareblockedasPO>aresultoftheactivityof higher-IPL code-suchas extensiveQOdriver interruptactivityorahardwareerrorora correctableRO(soft)memory error-theclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimePOHvaluereportedtotheuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.)4! WJOOnmost(all?)-VAXsystems,thebatterythatisassoci-OOatedwiththeTOYclockcanbe disconnectedandreplacedifNO5(when)it fails-TOYclockfailuresarequitecommonlycausedNObyafailednickel-cadmium(NiCd)orlithiumbattery,orby"OafailedDallaschip.wA @B{ >O4.5BWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?,Help(managingDTSS?NOIfyoutrytosetthesystemtimewiththeSETTIMEcom-=Omand,andseeoneofthe following messages:0O%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%time>O-SYSTEM-F-IVSSRQ,%invalid&system%service&request0O<%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%timeqO-SYSTEM-E-TIMENOTSET,%time%service&enabled;&enter&a%time%service&command%to%update&the%time|aTOThisoccursifthetimeonthelocalsystemis controlledbyaNOtimeservice software,forexamplethe distributedtimeser-JO5vicesoftware(DTSS)providedaspartofthe DECnet-PlusIO installation.*TheDTSSsoftware communicateswithoneorLOmoretimeserverstoobtainthecurrenttime.,ItentirelyNO>controlsthelocalsystemtime(for DECnet-Plus,thereisaIOprocessnamed DTSS$CLERKforthis); therefore,theusageEOoftheSETTIMEcommand(andthe underlying$SETTIM)OHsystemservice)is disabled.}KOThefirstmessageis displayedonsystemsrunningDECnet-JOPlusV6.1andearlier.(Onsystemswithnewer DECnet-PlusGO5 software,thesecond(andmore informative)messageisOgiven.B~bGOYou shouldn'thavetochangethetimemanually-youNOshouldbedoingthisthroughthetimeserver-butifyou6O5 insist...'you'llhavetoshutdownDTSS: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLODISABLE&DTSSOIDELETE%DTSS zHOThiswillshutdown DTSS$CLERK.YoumaythenchangetheKOsystemtimeasusual.&TorestarttheDTSS software,type&Oa$&@SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$STARTUP NOOYouwillneedanumberof privilegestoussuethiscommand,GOandyoumustalsobegrantedthe NET$MANAGE identifer/O5toshutdownandtorestartDTSS.alJOIfyouwishto``permanently''disableDTSSonasystem@Orunning DECnet-Plus,theaboveNCLsequencemustHO5be performedeachtimethesystemis bootstrapped.-(OnHO DECnet-PlusV7.3andlater,youcandefinethelogicalBOnameNET$DISABLE_DTSStodisabletheDTSSstartup.HO>Thislogicalnamemustbedefinedinthecommandpro-DOcedureSYLOGICALS.COM,asthislogicalnamemustbeFOpresentanddefined sufficientlyearlyintheOpenVMS>OHsystem bootstrapsequenceforitto function.) vNOIfDTSSisrunningandnotimeserversare configured,youROcan(andwill)seethe followingmessagesatregular intervals:BO %%%%%%%%%%%JOPCOMp 2-SEP-1999& 19:41:20.29K %%%%%%%%%%%1OMessage&from%user%SYSTEM%on%UNHEDIPOIEvent:%Too&Few%Servers&Detected&from:&Node% LOCAL:.mynode%DTSS,0zat:%!1999-09-02-19:41:20.296-04:00IinfzNumber% Detected=0,z!Number% Required=18zieventUidp$5FA70F4F-616E-11D3-A80E-08002BBEDB0F9z entityUidJ$DE9E97DE-6135-11D3-8004-AA000400BD1B9z streamUidJ$D6513A46-6135-11D3-8003-AA000400BD1Bv LIOYoucaneither configurethe appropriatenumberoftimeTOservers,oryoucandisableDTSS,oryoucanignoreitand(ifTO5OPCOMissettowritetothelogviaviathelogicalnamesin9O#SYLOGICALS.COM/SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)cleanout"O OPERATOR.LOG regularly.#F MOYoucanalsosimplydisablethedisplayofthese messages: O$&run%sys$system:nclUOPblock%event% dispatcher&outbound&stream% local_stream%global&filter%-7((Node,%DTSS),%Too&Few%Servers& Detected)>! POIfyouwishtodisablethe automaticTDF adjustmentforday-NOlightsavingstime(onOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.3),you!O5canusethecommand: O$&run%sys$system:ncl5Oset%dtss% automatic%TDF&change%=&false NPOoralternatively,youcansetthelocaltimezonetoonethatNOdoesnotincludethe automaticdaylightsavingstimechange-O5over.ZHOOpenVMSV7.3andlatersimplifytimeandtimezoneman-Oagement.qBACW%--O 5.2System! Management" Information CBD .O5.1BWhatisan installedimage?JOUTheterm "install"hastwodistinctmeaningsinOpenVMS.SOThefirstrelatesto "installinga product",whichisdonewith>OeithertheSYS$UPDATE:VMSINSTAL.COMcommandpro-EO^cedureorthe POLYCENTERSoftware Installation(PCSI)EOutility(PRODUCT command).)ThesecondmeaningrelatesQOtotheuseoftheINSTALLutility,whichiswhatconcernsusOhhere. WMOTheINSTALLutilityisusedtoidentifytoOpenVMSaspe-POcificcopyofanimage,either executableor shareable,whichPO5istobegivensomesetofenhanced properties.)Forexample,DOwhenyouissuetheSETPASSWORDcommand,theimageFOSYS$SYSTEM:SETP0.EXEisrun.'Thatimageneedstohave;O>elevated privilegestoperformits function.FKOTheother important attributeis/SHARED.ThismeansthatLO shareablepartsoftheimage (typically read-onlycodeandHO5data)areloadedintomemoryonlyonceandaresharedHOamongallusersonasystem.- ExecutableimagescanbeGO installed/SHAREDaswellas shareablelibraryimages.HO>(Theterm "shareable"hasdualmeaningshere,too.-See Othe0OpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManualforfurtherO details.)8! VOIt's importanttonotethatthereisnosuchthingas "installingNOa shareableimagewith privileges".'TheINSTALLutilitywillWO5letyoudoit,butthe privilegesyouspecifywillbeignored.'ToPOhaveacallableroutinerunwithenhanced privilegesthatarePOnot availabletoitscaller,youmust constructyourroutinesIO>as "user-writtensystem services"andinstalltheshare-@Oableimagewiththe/PROTECT qualifier.(Seethe]OpenVMS'O ProgrammingConceptsManual$formore informationonLOH user-writtensystem services.)NotealsothatinmanycasesROtheneedtogrant privilegestoanimagecanbereplacedwithKOtheuseofthe "Protected Subsystems"featurethatgrants9ORarights identifiertoanimage.+SeetheROpenVMSGuidetoOSystemSecurity6for informationon Protected Subsystems.DCE~! T=O5.2BArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?HOUVirusesandwormsarecommononpersonal computersbe-MOcausethe operatingsystems involved,suchasthe MicrosoftEOMS-DOS,Windows95,Windows98andWindowsMEvari-PO^ants,donot particularlyprotectthe operatingsystemortheJOfilesystemagainsthostileactionby programs.- MicrosoftCOWindowsNT,Windows2000andWindowsXPdoimple-NOhment protectionsforspecificconfigurationsanddo implementKOmemory protectionmodels,butmanyusersofthesesystemsOOchoosetooperatewithfull adminstratoraccessandthustheMOr available protectionsareentirelydefeatedandentirelynotLO relevent,andanyprogramthatcanactivateitselforcanQO#causetheusertoactivatethecodecansubvertthe operatingMO{systemandtakeoverthe hardware,atwhichpointthema-POliciouscodecandomostanythingitwishes, includinghidingUO-copiesofitselfinotherprogramsorinthefilesystem,redis-PO tributingitselfviamail,IM,ornetwork connections,orcanLObeusedasazombieinstagingattacksonothersystems.~! ~TOOThisislesslikelywith multi-usersystemssuchasOpenVMS,GOUnix,Linux,MVSandother platformsforvariousrea-NO5sons.*First,the operatingsystemrunsina privilegedmodeLOinmemorythatis protectedagainst modificationbynormalHOuser programs.*AnyprogramcannotsimplytakeovertheJO>hardwareasitcanon operatingsystemswithoutsecurityKOand particularlywithoutmemorypage protections.' Secondly,OO multi-usersystemscanbesetupsothatnon-privilegedpro-MOHgramscannotmodifysystemprogramsandfilesondisk,andOOthisisnormalformostinstallations.*Bothoftheseprotec-POtionschemesmeanthat traditionalviral infectionsdon'tworkJORontheseOSes.,Third,typical applicationsand configura-OOtionstendtopreventthe uncontrolled executionof untrustedQOcodeaspartofreceivedmailmessagesorwebaccess;oneofKO[thecentralvulnerabilitiesofthe MicrosoftWindowsplat-ROforminvolvesits intentionallyeasyabilityto dynamically(andJO transparently)activatecodeandmacrosthatareembedded;Oewithinmailmessagesandwithindatafiles.d! :MOItispossibleforOpenVMSandother multi-usersystemstoPObecomeinfectedbyvirusesorworms,buttodoso,thepro-MO5gram containingthevirusmustberunfromauseraccountPOthathas amplified privileges.'Solongasthesystemadminis-POtratoriscarefulthatonlytrusted applicationsarerunfromRO>suchaccounts(andthisis generallythecase)andsolongasLOtherearenoOpenVMSsystemsecuritybreaches(duetoma-LOliciousoperator activity,OpenVMSerrors,orerrorswithinPOHtrustedand privilegedproduct packages)thereisnoofmodi-RO ficationstothe operatingsystemorother protectedfilesfrom$Othevirusortheworm.$GOTheFAQ maintainerisawareofafew(andveryold)CODECnetwormsthathaveaffectedOpenVMSsystemsonKO5DECnet networks,butisawareofnoOpenVMSvirusesthat%Oarelooseinthefield. IOToprotectagainstvirusesandotherattemptsatsystemJO interferenceormisuse,pleasefollowthesecurityrecom-O5 mendationsinthe.5OpenVMSGuidetoSystemSecurity 5.GO Additionally,youwillwanttokeepyourOpenVMSECOsGOcurrentandyouwillwanttoapplyall mandatoryECODO>kitsandanysecurityMUPsforOpenVMSandOpenVMSJO products,andyouwillwanttokeeptoOpenVMSreleasesJOwithPriorVersionSupport(PVS)orwithCurrentVersionIOHSupport.,(Thisis obviouslyageneralsystem maintenanceJOrecommendation,inadditiontobeingagoodsystemsecu-IOrityrecommendation-newsecurityfeaturesand capabilitiesJORare implementedinmorerecentOpenVMS releases,forin-JOstance.),YoumayalsowanttoconsideroptionalsoftwareNOproductswhichcanmonitoryoursystemfor intrusionorin-IO[fection attempts.+Computer Associates(CA)offersvariousulationoffilesintendedfor MicrosoftWindowssystemsusers,IOandascommonvirusandwormattackscanfindandin-ROfectfilesonthefilesharesthattheseproductscanprovide.KOHThese infectionsdonottargetOpenVMSitself,thoughtheFOOpenVMSserver(andanyotherplatformandanyotherJOservercapableofstoringfilesforWindowssystems)canGORsilentlyhostfiles containingcommon MicrosoftWindowsO infections.E DFn@O5.3BHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?FOUISO-9660supportwasaddedinthe following releases:xN `mmOpenVMSVAXV6.0 `OpenVMSAXPV1.5GOAnadd-onISO-9960kitwasalso availableforOpenVMSFOVAXV5.5,V5.5-1,V5.5-2,and V5.5-2H4.,ThisrequiresLO5the installationoftheF11CDkitfromthe InfoServerCD,KOfromthe Consolidated DistributionCDunderthe InfoServerFOarea,CustomerSupportCenterkitCSCPAT #1071012,orMO>theF11CDECOkit.( (UpgradestoV6andlaterarestronglyO recommended.) ! QOBydefault,OpenVMSsensesthespecifictypeofmedia.'IfyouHOareworkingwith dual-format media-mediathatusesbothDO5theODS-2andISO-9660formatsonthesameCD-ROM-NOthenMOUNTwillfirstdetectandthendefaulttotheODS-2QOformat.(Ifyouwishtooverridethisand explicitlymountthe5O>mediausing ISO-9660,usethecommand:EO$&MOUNT/MEDIA_FORMAT=CDROMJdevice-name[:]%[volume-label]WmNOInmostcircumstances,youwillnotneednorwillyouwantGOtoincludeanexplicit /MEDIA_FORMATspecification.)ForGO5further information,pleaserefertotheOpenVMSMOUNTIOUtilityManual.+ Particularlynotethe informationonthe3OMOUNT /MEDIA_FORMATand/UNDEFINED_FATO> qualifiers. FOTheMOUNT/UNDEFINED_FAT qualifierisofinterestbe-IOcauseISO-9660mediacanbemasteredonawidevarietyKO5of operatingsystem platforms,andthese platformsdonotNO necessarilysupportthe semanticsneededforfiles containingCO predefinedrecordformats.)The/UNDEFINED_FATallowsPO>youtospecifythedefault attributesforfilesaccessedfrom0OvolumesusingtheISO-9660format.F !tories.+Inthe top-level directorywillbeafilewiththefileHOtypePCSI$DESCRIPTIONthat specifieswherevariousfiles4Oshouldgo.(Formoredetails,seethea POLYCENTERSoftware8OH Installation Developer'sGuideforOpenVMSsH,whichcanbeGOfoundintheOpenVMS documentationonthe Consolidated(OOnline DocumentationCD-ROM.IHJ sDO5.7BWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust(added?EOWhenaddingmemorytoanOpenVMSsystem,oneshouldFOcheckforanexisting definitionofthe PHYSICALPAGES7O^(OpenVMSVAX)orPHYSICAL_MEMORY(OpenVMS>OAlpha) parameterintheSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATTO parameter database,useatexteditortoresetthevalueintheOOhfiletothenewcorrectvalueas required,andthenperform"Othe followingcommand:;O $&@SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN%GETDATA%REBOOT%FEEDBACKFOThisAUTOGENcommandwillresetvarioussystemparam-MOetersbasedonrecentsystemusage (FEEDBACK),anditwillHOUresetthevalueforthe PHYSICALPAGES parametertotheDOnewvalue.'ItwillalsoreboottheOpenVMSsystem.! W8O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanalsoLObeusedto deliberatelylowertheamountofmemoryavail-RO5ableforusebyOpenVMS.ThisabilitycanbeusefulinafewMOspecificcircumstances,suchastestingthe behaviourofanOO applicationinasystem environmentwitha particular(lower)0O>amountofsystemmemory available.5  ?O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanbesettoJO-1(onOpenVMSAlpha)or(betterandsimpler)theentryIO5canberemovedfromthe MODPARAMS.DATfile,toindicate9Othatall availablememoryshouldbeused. JIK wiMO5.8BHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?IOUThetext translationsofthenumericUserIdentificationMOCode(UIC)arebasedon identifierspresentintheOpenVMSNO rightslist.+ Documentationonthisareaisincludedinthe_8O^GuidetoOpenVMSSystem Security_manual.0NOTocontrolthe identifiersshownforauser'sUIC,youuseIO AUTHORIZE.Eachuserhasan associatedgroup identifier,PO5andan identifierspecifictotheuser.)AndeachusershouldOhaveauniqueUIC. ROToalterthetextofauserorgroup identifier,usecommandsOsuchas:&Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE4OUAF>& rename/ident% oldgroupid& newgroupid2OUAF>& rename/ident% olduseridK newuseridPOIfyoushouldfindyourselfmissingan identifierforapar-MOticularuser,youcanaddonefortheuser'sUICusingaO5commandsuchas:;OUAF>& add/ident/value=uic=[group,user]& newuserid5XMOTheUICuser identifiertextisassignedwhentheusernameOOiscreated,andisthetextofthe username.*TheUICgroupOO5group identifierisassignedwhenthefirstusernameiscre-QOatedintheUICgroup,andthetextisbasedontheaccountOOname specifiedforthefirstusercreatedinthegroup.*TheNO>valueofthis identifieris [groupnumber,177777].*ToaddaFOmissinggroup identifier,useanasteriskasfollows:9OUAF>&add/ident/value=uic=[group,*]& newgroupid-! OOYoumayfindcaseswherean identifierismissingfromtimeSOtotime,astherearecaseswherethecreationofaUICgroupNO5name identifiermightconflictwithanexisting username,orROauser identifiermightconflictwithanexistinggroupidenti-NOfier.(Whenthese conflictsarise,the AUTHORIZEutilitywillNO>notcreatethe conflictinggroupand/oruser identifierwhen%Otheusernameiscreated.9 LOYoucancanaddandremoveuser-specified identifiers,butHOyoushouldavoidchangingthenumericvalues associatedNO5withanyexisting identifiers.*YoushouldalsoavoidreusingMOUICsor identifierswhenyouaddnewusers,asanyexist-ROing identifiersthatmightbepresentonobjectsinthesystemSO>fromtheolduserwillgrantthesameaccesstothenewuser.;OPleaseseethesecuritymanualfordetails.+KJLj@@O5.9BWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths? =O5.9.1BOpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)PathsO#From&V1.0,&kyou&can%upgrade&to&V1.5.$OFrom&V1.5,&or& V1.5-1H1,&you&can%upgrade&to&V6.1.OCFrom&V6.1,&you&can%upgrade&to&V6.2. OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&you&can%upgrade&to&V7.0.8OcFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%or%V7.0,&you&can%upgrade&to&V7.1.OFrom&V6.2,C:you&can%update%to% V6.2-1H1,& V6.2-1H2,%or% V6.2-1H3.GOFrom&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%V7.1,% V7.1-1H(1,2),&or&V7.2,to%V7.2-1.%OFrom&V6.2,&...%or%V7.2,!Zto% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.?OFrom&V7.1,&one%can%update&to& V7.1-1H(1,2),%...!to% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.@O2From&V7.3,&V7.2-2,% V7.2-1H1,&V7.2-1,%and&V7.1-2,7zyou&can%update%to%V7.3-1&or&to&V7.3-2.OFrom&V7.3-1,' you&can%update%to%V7.3-2.KOSometypicalOpenVMSAlphaupgrade(orupdate)pathsare:JO*V1.0&->&V1.5%->%V6.1%->%(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)DOrV1.5-1H1%->%V6.1&->&(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OV6.2&->&V6.2-1H3O V6.2&->&V7.2-1OJ V6.2&->&V7.3"O V6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.1$O V6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.2-1O! V7.1&->&V7.1-2Oi V7.1&->&V7.2-1"O  V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.1-2"O  V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.2-1OA V7.1-2%->%V7.3-1O V7.2&->&V7.2-1H1$O V7.2&->&V7.3%->%V7.3-1O V7.2-1%->%V7.3-1Oa V7.2-2%->%V7.3O V7.3&->&V7.3-1O V7.3&->&V7.3-2O9 V7.2-2%->%V7.3-1O V7.3-1%->%V7.3-2(LONotethatOpenVMSAlphaV7.0doesnotincludesupportforIOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirst supportedinOpenVMSHO5Alpha V6.2-1H1, V6.2-1H2,or V6.2-1H3;onemustupgrade!OtoOpenVMSVAXV7.1.v LKOOnecannotupdatedirectlytoaV6.2-1HxLimitedHardwareLORelease(LHR)fromanyreleasepriortothebaselineV6.2KO5release.*Thesame prohibitionholdsfor performingupdatesNOdirectlytoV7.1-1Hxfromanyreleasepriorto V7.1-thisisPOnot supported,anddoesnotproducetheexpectedresults.'TheQO>LHRkitscan,however,bedirectlybootedandcanbedirectlyNO installed,withoutregardtoany operatingsystemthatmight-Obepresentonthetargetdisk.O%FOOpenVMSAlphaupdatesforLHRs(through V7.1-1Hx)re-GOquiretheuseof VMSINSTALfortheupdate.+TheseLHRSO5releasesusePCSIforthe installation,butnotfortheupdate.EONon-LHRreleasesusePCSIforinstallsand upgrades.VGOOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforLHRsandGOforOpenVMSupgradesandforallOpenVMSECOkitin-EO5 stallations.* VMSINSTALOpenVMSECOkitsarenotusedEOonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater..PriortoV7.1-2,>OVMSINSTAL-basedECOkitsareusedforOpenVMS. 6O5.9.2BOpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePathsOO#From&V5.0%through%V5.4-3% inclusive,%one%can&upgrade%to%V5.5.MOkFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or% V5.5-2HW,&one%can%upgrade%to%V5.5-2.IOFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or%V5.5-2,%one%can&upgrade%to%V6.0.KOFrom&V5.5-2,% V5.5-2H4,&or&V6.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.1.>OCFrom&V6.0,&or&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.2.>OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.0.EOFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&or&V7.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.1.TOFrom&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.3&(with&VAXBACK%ECO&for%V6.1).;OSometypicalOpenVMSVAXupgradepathsare:FO:V5.x&->&V5.5%->%V6.0%->%V6.2&->&(V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OV5.5-2HW%->%V5.5-2GOV5.5-2,&or&V5.5-2H4&->&V6.1%->%(V6.2,&V7.0,&or&V7.1)?OV6.1&->&V6.1%with%VAXBACK&ECO%->%(V7.2,%V7.3)OZV6.2&->&V7.2OV6.2&->&V7.3NJONotethatOpenVMSVAXV6.0doesnotincludesupportforEOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirstaddedinOpenVMSEO5VAX V5.5-2H4,onemustupgradetoOpenVMSVAXV6.1. NFONotethatOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2HWisa pre-releasever-OOsionofV5.5-2.(AnysystemrunningitshouldbeupgradedtoO5V5.5-2,orlater.V! ,LOIfyouattemptadirectupgradefromOpenVMSVAXV6.1toMOV7.2orlaterwithouthavingfirstappliedtheVAXBACKECOOO5kittoyourV6.1system,youwillreceiveanerrormessage:DO%BACKUP-E-INVRECTYP,%invalid&record%type&in&save%set* KOandtheupgradewillfail.)AcquireandapplytheVAXBACKEOECOkitforOpenVMSVAXV6.1.(OpenVMSVAXV6.2andQO5laterdonotrequirean applicationofanECOforanupgradeOtoV7.2andlater.WV-:O5.9.3BOpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePathsGO4RollingUpgradesrequiremultiplesystemdisks.,RollingEOupgradespermittheOpenVMSClustertoremainavail-LOablewhile individualsystemsarebeingupgradedtoanewO=OpenVMSrelease.q! GFOOpenVMSClusterrollingupgradesforbothOpenVMSVAXLOandOpenVMSAlphamay(will)have different,or additionalHO5upgrade requirements,andhave requirementsaroundwhichLOversionsofOpenVMScancoexistinaOpenVMSClusterthan!Owhatislistedhere. DOSeetheOpenVMSUpgradeand InstallationManualforIOthe particularrelease,andtheOpenVMSSoftwareProductGO5 DescriptionsforOpenVMSandforOpenVMSClustersoft-Oware:7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.! ZSOforfurtherdetailsontherollingupgrade,andforsupportin-KO formation.'The documentationforolderreleasesofOpenVMSFO5VAXincludesvariousplatform-specificmanuals,manualsOOthatinclude instructionsthatarespecificto installingand'O upgradingonthe platform.M #EO5.9.4BOpenVMSProductVersionandSupport InformationKO4For informationonPriorVersionSupport(PVS)andMatureLOProductSupport (including informationonsupportenddatesGOforOpenVMSandvariouslayered products),pleasesee: 5k `m/m%http://www.hp.com/hps/os/os_ovms.html `'http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ `l@l6http://www.compaq.com/services/software/ss_mature.html `<2http://www.compaq.com/services/software/ss_pvs_se_D amap.html `=3http://www.compaq.com/services/software/ss_mps_pvs_eur.htmlKOFor informationon supportedversionsoflayered products,COandminimumrequiredlayeredproduct versions,see:y O `mDm:http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/swroll/index.htmlNLOFor informationonthereleasehistoryofOpenVMS,includ-LOing informationonthecodenamesofvariousreleasesandO5themajor features:d `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.htmlRO Additionalreleasehistory information,aswellasavarietyofOOothertrivia,is availableintheVAX20th anniversarybook:uq K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdf,O5.9.5BOpenVMSAlpha TerminologyIO4The followingtermsapplytoOpenVMSAlphaupgradesandOinstallations.(!  `mmUpdateG TypicallyusedforLimitedHardwareReleases(LHR)re-Eleases.) Performedvia VMSINSTAL.AppliesonlytotheKwOpenVMSreleasethattheLHRisbasedon,ortoanin-G termediateLHR.(eg:(V7.1-1H2appliesonlytoV7.1-1H1O(andtoV7.1,nottoanyother releases.)'LHRswithinase-Kriesare cumulative, containingallfilesandfeaturesof0previousLHRsinthesameseries. `YYUpgradeF PerformedviaPCSI.Upgradescan typicallybeappliedF toarelease-specific(and documented)rangeofpriorbOpenVMS releases. `InstallF: PerformedviaPCSI.Withan installation,noexistingIversionofthe operatingsystemisassumedpresent,norMareanyfilesfromanycopyofthe operatingsystemmightNDbepresent preserved,andtheentirecontentsofthetarget=diskare destroyedviaadiskinitialization. `preserveJt PerformedviaPCSI. Otherwisesimilartoan installation,Qthisoptionskipsthediskreinitialization.'UserfilesontheI%targetdiskare preserved.(Anyexisting operatingsystem7~filesonthetargetdiskare clobbered. ` LHRHV LimitedHardwareRelease.'LHRsarespecifictoandareE targetedatnewhardwareconfigurations,andarenotK shippedto customerswithsupport contracts.'AtleastoneF_ LHRkitmustbe specificallyacquiredwhen purchasingH new hardware,newhardwarethatisnot(yet) supportedE byanymainline (non-LHR)release.)LHRshavean"H"Gi intheOpenVMSversionstring, indicatinga "Hardware" release.HOF ForminimumOpenVMSversionsforvarious platforms,seeO Section2.11.*Ob ?x LKM UHO5.10CWhydoIhaveanegativenumberinthepagefile'( reservablepages?NOSeeinganegativenumberinthe reservablepagesportionof?OtheSHOW MEMORY/FULLcommandcanbenormalandIO^ expected,andis(even) documented behaviour.,ApagefileKOwithanegativenumberof reservablepagesis overcommit-NOted,whichis generallygoodnessassumingthateveryprocessSOhwithreservedpagesdoesnottrytooccupyallofthereserved/Opagefilespaceatthesametime.! aJOTo understandhowthepagefile reservationprocessworks,LOthinkabouthowa traditionalbankoperateswhen acceptingNO5customerdepositsandmakingloans.(It'sthesameideawithSOthepagefilespace.'ThereislessmoneyinthebankvaultthanQOthetotal deposits,becausemuchofthemoneyhasbeenloanedNO>outtoother customersofthebank.(Andthe behaviourpar-UOallelsthatofthepagefiledowntotheproblemsthata"runonNOthebank"cancauseforbanking customers.'(ThoughthereisCOHnodeposit insurance availableforpagefileusers.)! NVOIfalloftherunning applicationstrytousethereservedspace,OOthesystemmanagerwillneedtoenlargethepagefileoradd/O5oneormore additional pagefules.! WKOTo determineifthepagefileis excessivelyovercommitted,DOwatchfor"doubleovercommitment"-whenthe reservableOO5space approachesthe negatationofthe availabletotalspace-SOandwatchthatthetotalamountoffreespace availableintheROpagefileremains adequate.'Ifeitherofthese situationsarises,6O> additionalpagefilestorageis required.`! 6NO Additionalpagefile information:( Additional pagefilescantyp-FOicallybecreatedand connectedonarunningOpenVMSNO5system.(New processesandnew applicationswilltendtouseNOthenew pagefile,andexisting applicationscanbe restartedPOtomigrateoutofthemore congested pagefiles.) PagefilesareHO> generallynamed PAGEFILE.SYS,andmultiple pagefilesareNO generally configuredonseparatediskspindlestospreadtheOOpagingI/Oloadacrossthe availablediskstorage.'Whenmul-NOHtiple pagefilesarepresentonrecentOpenVMS versions,eachLOpagefilefileshouldbe configuredtobe approximatelythe7Osametotalsizeastheother pagefiles. NNOFor additional informationonpagefile operationsandrelatedCO commands,seethesystem managementand performanceDO5 managementmanualsintheOpenVMS documentationset.EOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,thedisplayshavebeenJOchangedandthesenegativevaluesarenolongervisible.MLN JO5.11CDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating'(OpenVMS?EOTheSoftwarePublicRolloutReportsforOpenVMSlistJOthecurrentandfuture availabilityofHPsoftwareprod-GO^uctsshippingontheOpenVMSSoftwareProductsLibraryDOkits(CDROMconsolidations)forOpenVMSAlphaand/orHOOpenVMSVAX. Specifically,therequiredminimumversions-Ohforproductsupportarelisted.Y /GO ComprehensivePublicRollout Information,listingprevi-NOousproductversionsaswellas currentlyshipping versions,QO5hasbeencompiledintoaseparatesetofreports.'TheproductIO informationisgroupedtoshow OperatingSystemsupport. TOYoumayormaynotbeabletouseolderversionsoflocalap-HO plications, third-party products,andvariousHPOpenVMSGO5layeredproductswithmorerecentversionsofOpenVMS.JO User-modecodeisexpectedtobeupward compatible.)CodeNO executingina privileged processormode-typicallyeitherex-KO>ecutiveorkernelmode-mayormaynotbe compatiblewith*OmorerecentOpenVMS versions.j@@OThesereportsareupdated regularly.&Pleasesee:y O `mDm:http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/swroll/index.htmlnNMO DO5.12CHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?MOUDismountthedisk,andmountit privately.-IfthediskisGOmountedbymorethanonenodeinanOpenVMSCluster,QOdismountitfromallothernodes.(IfthisdiskisanOpenVMSOO^systemdisk,shutdownallothernodesthatare bootstrappedOfromthisdisk.WBOIssuetheSET VOLUME/LABELcommand, specifyingtheOnewlabel.:KOOnOpenVMSV6.0andlater,issuethe followingPCSIcom-MOmandtoresetthelabel informationstoredwithinthePCSI?O5databasetoreflectthenewdiskvolumelabel:9O$&PRODUCT%REGISTER%VOLUME& old-label%deviceLOLocateany referencesinthesystemstartup (typicallyin-DOcludingthediskMOUNT commands)andany DISK$labelKO5 referencesin applicationfiles,andchangethe referencesOappropriately.5 WOIfthisisasystemdisk(forthehostorfora satellite),alsoAOchecktheDECnetMOPorLANCPboot database,asIO5wellasany referencestothediskcreatedbyCLUSTER_OCONFIG *.COM.4 NOIfCompaqAnalyzeisinuse,checkthesystemstartuppro-JOceduresfortheCompaqAnalyzetool.,CertainversionsofGO5CompaqAnalyzewillrecordspecificdiskvolumelabels+Owithinthestartup procedures.V,,ORemountthediskappropriately. O NPaw7;O5.13CHowcanIsetupashared directory?OOUTosetupashareddirectory-whereallfilescreatedintheLO directoryare accessibletothemembersof specifiedgroupLOof users-youcanuseanaccesscontrollist(ACL)andanO^ identifier.WQOThe followingalsoshowshowtosetuparesource identifier,POwhichfurtherallowsthedisk resourcestobechargedtothePO5 specified identifierratherthaneach individualuser.)(IfyouQOdon'twantthis,thenomitthe attributesoptionontheiden-NOtifiercreationandomittheentryaddedinthediskquotaO> database.!z>OAddan identifierusingthe AUTHORIZEutility:O5.15CDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics'( Controllers?KOThissectioncontains informationonvariousgraphicscon-MOtrollers supportedbyOpenVMSAlpha,and specificallyinfor-QO^mationonwhereandhowtoobtaindevicedriversforspecificKOearlyOpenVMS releases-devicedriversfor controllersareJO integratedintoandshippedwithOpenVMSAlpha,butver-QOhsionsofthesedevicedriversare sometimesmade availablefor/OspecificearlierOpenVMS releases. ,O5.15.1CTheELSAGLoriaSynergyCO4OnOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2,V7.2,andV7.2-1,acquireHOthe appropriateGRAPHICSPCSIkit,andall prerequisiteOOpenVMSECOkits:  `m*mVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlater `)VMS72_GRAPHICS-V0100orlater `l*lVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlater f=OThe ELSA GLoria Synergy is the PBXGK-BB;theBO PowerStorm3D10T.PleaseensureyouhavethemostJO5currentECOsforthisandothergraphics controllersin-POstalled;checkforandinstallthecurrentGRAPHICSkit.'(SeeOSection4.3.15forsome unexpectedlyrelated details.)*O?;GOOnOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,thefiles necessaryforthisKOgraphics controllerarelocatedinthe distributionCD-ROMO5 directory:#ODISK$ALPHA0721:[ELSA.KIT]i??OAlsocheckforany available(later)ECOkits.mCIOAnearlierkit(ALP4D20T01_071)(forV7.1, V7.1-1H1,andKO V7.1-1H2)wasonce available,buthasbeen supercededandOO5isnot recommended.(UseofV7.1-2orlater(anduseofoneMOtheaboveGRAPHICSkitsas required)is typicallythebestO approach.! fLOOpenVMSV7.2-2andlatermainlinereleasesdirectlysupportOthe controller. {QO Additional informationis availableintopics(3419)and(5448)*OintheAskTheWizardarea:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?yMOSupportfortheELSAGLoriaSynergyis integratedintoall,OcurrentOpenVMSAlpha releases.3O5.15.2C PowerStorm300, PowerStorm350>O4The PowerStorm 300is the PBXGD-AC,whilethe-O PowerStorm350isthe PBXGD-AE.! NFOForsupportofthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350ROgraphics controllers,acquireandinstallthe following availableO5ECOkits:P&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2:  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlaterP&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1:  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlater NGOSupportforthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350se-MOriesgraphics controllersis integratedintocurrentOpenVMSO5Alpha releases. 5O5.15.3C PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D209O4 PowerStorm3D30 (PBXGB-AA), PowerStorm4D20FO (PBXGB-CA) informationis availableinAskTheWizard+Otopics includingtopic(2041):c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.* |?! O5.15.4CRadeon7500HO4InstallthecurrentGRAPHICSECOkitforOpenVMSAlphaNOV7.2-2orV7.3-1forsupportoftheRadeon7500seriesPCI*OandAGPgraphics controllers.@" SOSupportforthis controller(withoutanECOkit)isfirstinte-LOgratedintoand availableinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2.'(PleaseEO5doalwaysinstallthemostcurrentGRAPHICSECOkit2Owheneveroneis available, however.)SRT565  @O5.17CHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?MOUTomovethelocationofthequeue database,the SYS$QUEUE_.OMANAGER.QMAN$QUEUES and! SYS$QUEUE_HOMANAGER.QMAN$JOURNALfiles,toadiskthatis fast(er),TO^hasplentyoffreespace,andthatisnotheavilyused.*IftheNOqueuedatabaseisona(busy)OpenVMSsystemdisk,youcanNOandprobablyshouldmoveitoffthesystemdisktoanotherOhdiskspindle.S7))OTomovethequeue database:N8 R $QOm1.J Checkpointthejournalfile.)ThisreducesthefilesizetoHthe in-memorydatabasesize.)Thiswillcausethenoteddelay.($&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:JBC$COMMAND" JBC$COMMAND>%DIAG%0&7'Ok2.JStopthequeuemanager'$&STOP/QUEUE/MANAGER/CLUSTER;Oo3.JBackupthe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL;filesfromthepresentlocationforsafety.Lm$&backup%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*K DISK:[DIR]KO4.JCreateanew directoryforthequeue database.+InsureOEthatthisdiskis accessibletoallnodesthatcanruntheKqueuemanager.'Ifthe/ONlistforthequeuemanageris"/ON=( *F)",thediskmustbe availabletoallnodesintheOcluster)$& CREATE/DIR%fast_disk:[qman]9OS5.JCopythe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL(filestothenew directoryP0$&copy%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*Jfast_disk:[qman]0O6.JDeletetheoldqueue database.B4 $&DELETE%-SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*;*LO 7.JRestartthequeuemanagerpointingtothenewlocation29 $&START/QUEUE/MANAGER%fast_disk:[qman] TSU9! mHO5.18CHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)'(process?QO``Undeleteable''jobsareusually``undeleteable''forareason-TOthiscantrackbackto insufficientprocessquotas,toakernel-OO^modeerrorinOpenVMSora third-partydevicedriver,ortoOotherodd problems.: aLOThese undeletablejobs typicallybecomeofinterestbecauseOOtheyareholdingontoa particularresource(eg:*tapedrive,PO5diskdrive,communicationswidget)thatyouneedtouse...(IfNOthe particulardevicesupports firmware,ensurethatthede-MOvicefirmwareiscurrent-TQK50 controllersareknownforLO>thiswhenworkingwithold firmware.)(That,andtheinfa-LOmous "MUA4224"firmwarebug.)(IfthisdevicehasadriverOOECOkit available,acquireandapplyit...+Ifthe particularLOHrelevanthost componenthasanECO,acquireandapplyit.5;  QOUsefultoolsincludeSDA(toseewhatmightbegoingon)andHODECamds(whichincreaseandthus potentiallyfixquota-KO5related problems).,(nb:+ Applicationswithquotaleakswill'O obviouslynotstayfixed.)< dJOIfthestuck applicationisBACKUP,ensureyouhavetheLOcurrentBACKUPECOandaredirectly followingtheV7.1orNO5(better)V7.2orlaterprocessquotarecommendationsforop-AOeratorBACKUP accounts.'QuotadetailsareintheOpenVMS#OSystem Manager'sManual (.= LOIfthefirmwareandECOlevelsarecurrent,thebestap-MOproachistotakeasystem crashdump,andpassacopyofLO5thedumpfilealongtowhomeveris maintainingthedeviceMOdriverforthe particulardevice/widget/driver involved,withTOanydetailsonhowyougotintothis situation.&(Therebootin-KO>volvedwithtakingthe crashdumpwill obviouslycleartheO problem.)>vGOTherewassome kernel-modecode (typicallyforOpenVMSKOVAX)thatcanresetthedevice ownershipfield,butthatKO5israther obviouslyonlyaninterim solution-therealfixPOisavoidingthelossoftheIRP,theprocessquotaleak,orIOwhateverelseis"jammingup"this particular process...UTVp?! wF8O5.19CHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?TOUThesystemrebootistheonly supported approach,butitisob-POviously undesirableinvarioussituations-thereis presentlynoMO supported mechanismtoreseterrorcountsoncetheerror(s)O^havebeenlogged.@ }LOAsforan unsupported approach-andbeawareofthepoten-1Otialforcausingasystemcrash...^A 4OOToresettheerrorcount,oneneedsto determinethesystemSOaddressoftheerrorcountfield.+Foradevice,thisisatanNO5offsetwithinthedevice'sUCB structure.(OnVAX,thefieldJOisatanoffset symbolicallydefinedas UCB$W_ERRCNT.OnNOAlpha,thisfield'soffsetis symbolicallydefinedasUCB$L_QO>ERRCNT.Theformerisawordinsize;thelatterisalong-OOword.)(CoulditbethatAlphadevicesaremoreerrorprone? O;)B KOYounowneedtolocatethesystemaddressoftheUCB$%_LOERRCNTfieldofthedeviceyouwishtoreset.*EnterSDA.UO5Inthe following,youwillsee designationsin{} separatedbyaTO/.*ThefirstiteminbracesistobeusedontheVAXandtheLOseconditemshouldbeusedonanAlpha.&(ie.& {VAX/Alpha})Ok$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM=OSDA>KREAD&'SYS${SYSTEM/LOADABLE_IMAGES}:SYSDEF.STBVOSDA>KSHOW&DEVICE%!%device& designation&of&device%with&error.OBSDA>KEVALUATE%UCB+UCB${W/L}_ERRCNT3OHex%=%hhhhhhhhpDecimal%=% -dddddddddd* UCB+offsetjC@@ORecordthe hexadecimalvalue 'hhhhhhhh' returned.D! zFOYoucannowexitfromSDAand$RUNSYS$SHARE:DELTABOordowhatIprefertodo,issuethe following:+OaSDA>&SPAWN&RUN%SYS$SHARE:DELTAE! IOOnbothVAXandAlpha,theDELTAdebuggerwillbein-QOvokedandwillident-ifyitself.*OnAlpha,therewillbeanLO5Alpha instructiondecoded.'Forthose unfamiliarwithDELTA,LOitdoesnothaveapromptandonlyoneerror message-Eh?LO(Well,forsakeof argument,theremightbeanothererrorNO>producedontheconsoleifyou'renot careful-aka.)asystemOcrash!)gF==OIfyouareonaVAX,enterthecommand:&[WfG<O>Regroupandseewhereyoursessionwentawry.UOL +LOIfyouenteredyouraddress correctlyandtheerrorcountMOwasreturnedasinthe followingexample,youcanproceed. Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001&Oa!&output%on%VAX1%error$O00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001(O!&output%on%AlphaJ1%errorP KOYoucannowZAPtheerrorcountbyenteringazeroand5Otypingacarriagereturn.&Forexample:#Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001&0 '  *M_ return *M w &a!%output%on%VAX1%error'O00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001%0 u  uM return M u (!%output%on%AlphaK1%errorlQBBONowtypethecommandEXITandacarriagereturn.XR..OAlternatively,rebootthesystem.RVUW8SEO5.20CHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports'( compression?FOForvarious SCSI-basedMK-classmagnetictapedevices:?O2$& Devdepend2%=%#F$GETDVI("$n$MKcxxx:","DEVDEPEND2")$Oz$&Comp_sup&=% %X00200000$O$&Comp_ena&=% %X00400000?O $&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_sup).EQ.Comp_sup%THEN%-5RWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression% supported"?O$&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_ena).EQ.Comp_ena%THEN%-3WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression%enabled"W VXT! IO5.21CCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To'(Alpha?DOTheformatofthe SYSUAF.DAT, RIGHTSLIST,andasso-IOciatedfilesareupward-compatible,and compatibleacrossBO^OpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlphasystems.*(Thiscom-NO patibilityisaabasic requirementof mixed-versionOpenVMSGOClusterconfigurationsandOpenVMS upgrades-forspecificLOhsupport information,pleaseseetheOpenVMSClusterrollingHOupgradeand mixed-versionrequirements.)+Thatsaid,it'sLOthecontentsoftheSYSUAFand RIGHTSLISTfilesthatwill(Ormakethismore interesting.GU! JOThesamebasicsteps necessaryformoving RIGHTSLISTandPOSYSUAFfilestoanothernodearerathersimilartothestepsKO5involvedinmergingthesefilesinanOpenVMS Cluster-seeKOtheappendixoftheOpenVMSCluster documentationforde-ROtailsofmergingfiles.'(YoumightnotbemergingthecontentsOO>oftwo(ormore)files,butyouare effectivelymergingtheLOcontentsofthefilesintothetargetsystem environment.)CVOConsiderations:W zt `mBm applicationsoftenholdSYSUAFor RIGHTSLISTopen,Mmeaningasystemrebootisoftenthebestwaytoactivatenewfiles. `Athemeaningsofthe RESTRICTEDandCAPTIVEflagsEsettingsontheUAFentrieshavechangedovertime. `vEvthenew NET$PROXY.DATfilethatis initiallycreatedFbasedonthecontentsofthe NETPROXY.DATduringthe@'OpenVMSVAXV6.1upgradeandduringtheOpenVMSIAlphaV6.2upgrade.+Thisfileis maintainedinparallelwith NETPROXY.DAT. `WEWthe RIGHTSLIST identifiervaluesandUICvaluesthatHendup scatteredaroundthetargetsystemmustbera-H tionalizedwiththecontentsofthenew RIGHTSLISTandaSYSUAFfiles.X! wJOThe lattermostcase-resolvingthe identifier values-isof-QOtenthemost interestingand difficultpart.*IfyoufindthatJO5an identifiervalue(or identifiername)fromthesourceLO RIGHTSLISTcollideswiththatofan identifierexistingonROthetargetsystem,youmustfirst determineifthetwoidenti-RO>fiersperformthesame function.'Inmostcases,theywillnot.UOAssuch,youwillhavetofindandchanceall referencestotheMO identifiervalue(s)(orname(s))toresolvethe "collision".QY 'POIfyou encountera collision,changingbothofthe identifierQObinaryvalues(ornames)involvedinthe collisiontonewandKO5uniquevaluescanpreventsecurityproblemsifyoushouldNOmissacoupleof identifiersembedded somewhereonthetar-KOgetsystemduringthewhole conversionprocess-ratherthanLO>thewrong alphanumericvalueforthe identifierbeingdis-QOplayed,you'llsimplyseethebinaryformatforthe identifierOO displayed,andno particularaccesswillbegranted.)AndanyFOHDCLcommandsorsuchthat referencetheoldalphanu-MOmericnamewillfail,ratherthansilently(and potentially#O erroneously) succeeding._Z 5OOSimilar requirementsexistforUICvalues,asthesetootendQOtobe scatteredalloverthesystem environment.(Likethebi-MO5nary identifiervalues,youwillfindUICvalues associatedHOwithdisks,ACLs,queues,andvariousother structures.[WyHOForalistofthevariousfilessharedinanOpenVMSJOClusterandthatcanbeinvolvedwhen relocatinganen-DO5 vironmentfromonenodetoanother(ormergingen-DO vironmentsintoanOpenVMS Cluster),pleaseseethe@OSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEfileincludedinOpenVMSV7.2O>andlater releases.Q\ 'OO Procedurestoextractthecontentsofa (potentiallycorrupt)JOqueuedatabaseareprovidedontheOpenVMSFreeware(V5)JO5andcanbeusedtocombinetwoqueue databasestogetherDOwhile shufflingfilesbetweenOpenVMSClusterhosts.]! NROForrelated discussionsof splittingaclusterintotwoorforTOremovinganodefromcluster (politicaldivorce,etc),seetopicsNO5(203),(767),(915)andothersintheAskTheWizardarea:c^9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/_NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*_|?XWY`?O5.22CHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?DOUThereisnosuchcommand integratedwithinOpenVMS,LOthoughthereare (optional)timers availablewithincertainNOterminalserversandsimilardevices,andthereisaninte-GO^grated time-of-day mechanismthatprovidescontrolover.OwhenausercanaccessOpenVMS.~aaTHOAsfor availabletools,thereareDECUS, freeware,andNO third-partytoolsknown variouslyas``idleprocess killers''LO5(IPK)or ``terminal timeout'' programs,aswellasvariousDOothernames.-Examplesinclude:-SaigaSystemsHitman,HO Watchdog,MadGoatWatcher(viatheMadGoatsiteortheAO>OpenVMS Freeware),Kblock,the NetworkingDynamicsOOtoolknownas Assassin,andtheZaptool.+Also availableisAOtheXLNperformancesystem managementutility,fromOH XLNsystems.tbJJOArelatedpackage(for DECwindows sessions)is xtermlock.cNMOIfthe forgetfulusersareinan applicationmenuenviron-MOment,themenucan potentiallybeextendedtoprovidethisO5 capability.YXZd MO5.23CDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)tool?HOUDECeventandHP(Compaq)Analyzeare availabletocus-IOtomerswithsupport contracts.,ThePAKisrequiredonlyLOfortheadvanced functionsof DECevent,thebasicbits-to-PO^text translationoftheerrorlogdoesnotrequirealicenseJOPAK.Ignoretheprompt,inotherwords.*(ThePAKshouldOObe availabletoyouifyouhaveahardwaresupportcontractMOhor warrantee,andthePAKenablestheuseoftheadvancedNOerroranalysisand notification capabilitieswithin DECevent.)e_MOPleaseseethe followingwebsitefordetailsand downloads:OAnalyze)ff< `m1m'http://www.compaq.com/support/svctools/ZY[fg! <DO5.24C INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?POUAchangewasmade(backin1988)to(asitwasthenknown)COVAX/VMSV5.1-1thataddedsupportforthethen-newLOANSI X3.27-1987magnetictapelabel standard.(PriortotheLO^ANSI X3.27-1987 standard,thedatefieldintheANSIHDR1NOrecordpermitsdatesonlyasfarastheendofYear1999.IOWithANSI X3.27-1987,datesthroughYear1999anddates6OhfromYears2000to2099are permitted.h! [@OVersionsofINIT.EXEand MTAACP.EXEfromVAX/VMSOOreleasespriortoV5.1-1will potentiallyhaveproblemsprop-HO5erly processingANSImagnetictapeswhenY2KandlaterGOdatesare involved-theDCL INITIALIZEcommandisknown=Oto encounteraccess violation(ACCVIO)errors.i UOOThe available solutionsinclude upgrades,orsettingthedateOOback.*DirectinitializationofthetapewiththenewheadersTO5(via$qio)isalsoclearly possible,thoughthe limitationwithinHOtheold MTAACP.EXEmagtapeACPimageisnotnearlysoOeasytobypass.[Z\Ijw=O5.25CHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?EOUPriortoOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX?O releases,VIRTUALPAGECNTand PGFLQUOTAlimittheLOamountofvirtualaddressspacethatis availabletoeachO^process.kKOFurtherlimitingtheamountofaddressspaceisthesizeFOofsystemspace(S0andS1space).-OnOpenVMSAlphaJO5versionspriortoV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX releases,6OVIRTUALPAGECNTand MAXPROCESSCNTtogetherQO determinethesizeofthepagetabledata structuresthatoc-LO>cupylargetractsofsystemspace.)WhennosystemvirtualSOaddressspaceis availableforthestuffthatneedsit-thisin-KOcludesthepagetables, non-pagedpool,andvariousother?OHstructures-thenthevaluesofVIRTUALPAGECNTand/O MAXPROCESSCNTcannotbe increased.fl! <OOInOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater,thepagetabledatastruc-POtureshavebeenmovedoutofS0andS1spaceandintopageNO5tablespace.'InOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater,certainlargeKOdata structuresfoundin non-pagedpool(eg:)lockmanage-JOment structures)havebeenmovedinto64-bitspace,thusMO>freeinguproomin non-pagedpoolandinS0andS1spaceJO(where non-pagedpoolresides)whilealso permittingmuch#Olargerdata structures.,\[]m! KQO5.26CHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom initiating'(alogin?6OInSYSTARTUP_VMS.COM,issuethecommand:7O2$&SET%TERMINAL/NOTYPEAHEAD/PERMANENT%ddcu:n LOThiswillpreventany unsolicitedterminalinputonddcu:,HOandthis unsolicitedinputiswhattriggers JOB_CONTROLEO5tostartupLOGINOUTonthe terminal.)OnceLOGINOUTSOstartsupontheserialline,youcansee interesting behaviourKO(eg:+audits,process creations,etc)asLOGINOUTtriestoPO>"chat"withwhateverdeviceishookedontotheremoteendof&Otheserialterminalline.]\^=o )EO5.27CHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?JOUThe(undocumented)buildidentfieldinanOpenVMSAlphaTOimageheaderis16byteslong,andisusedasacountedstringSOof0-15 characters(ie,asan.ASCICstring,astringwiththeNO^ charactercountinbyte0)andwas originally introducedtoHOprovide informationforuseby VMSINSTALpatchkitstoGO determinewhetheranimageshouldbereplacedornot.p k}:OStarting with!OpenVMS Alpha!V7.1-2,"OpenVMSJO EngineeringusesthePCSIutilitytopackageandinstallJO5ECOkitsforOpenVMS.PCSIusesthe generation attributeQO(a32-bitunsignedinteger) specifiedforfilesintheproductSO descriptionfile(PDF)ofaPCSIkitasthebasisforperform-PO>ingfileconflict detectionand resolution.)WhenaproductisPO installed,PCSImodifiesthebuildidentfieldofAlphaimageMOheaderstostoreanencodedformofthe generationnumber.WOHItalsolooksatthebuildidentfieldof previously installedim-OOagestoobtainthe generation informationforthosefilesasOOinputtothefileconflict processing algorithm.)(Onlyimages)ORhavethisfield, obviously.)qoROPCSI interpretsthebuildidentfieldofa previously installedOimageasfollows:Br `mOmifthestringlengthis15,the5th characterisahyphen,Kandthelastten charactersareatendigitnumberwithMleadingzeros,thenthelastten charactersaretreatedas'wavalid generationnumber. `IforV7.1-2throughV7.2-1, inclusive,iftheabovetestJOfails,the informationisobtainedfromthePCSIproduct database. `'D'inreleasesafterV7.2-1andwithcurrentPCSIECONkits,iftheabovetestfails,aninvalid generationnumberJistreatedas 0000000000sothattheECOkitwillsim-E0plyreplacetheimageratherthanassumingthePCSI"databaseisinerror.s ySOSo,whatwillyouseeintheimageidentification displayedvia&Othe ANALYZE/IMAGEcommand?tKOForanimagethathasbeenbuiltaspartofanOpenVMSNO Engineeringsystembuild,youwill generallyseeabuildIDGO5stringintheformat"X6TE-SSB-0000"-X6TEisthebuildFOnumberfortheOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1release.-ThisidJOformatisusedwithintheOpenVMSsystembuild,andcanNO> generallyonlybeseen associatedwithimagesthathavenot*Oyetbeen processedviaPCSI.2u PODuringthe installationofV7.2-1,PCSIwillmodifytheimageKOheadertohaveabuildidentstringof"X6TE-0050120000".OO5During installationofanECOkit containingthisimagewithJOa generationnumberof 50130052,forexample,PCSIwouldLO determinethat50130052isgreaterthan 50120000,andwillRO>replacetheexistingimageonthetargetdiskwiththeversion6OoftheimageincludedintheECOkit.[ ^]_Mvw#EO5.28CHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is'( installed?NOThereis unfortunatelyno consistentnorsinglewaytomakePOthisdetermination-thisisoneofthereasonsthatamoveto,O^PCSI installationsis underway.w! ?OOnOpenVMSAlpha,youcanuseVMSINSTAL.HISTORYAOandPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCTto determinewhatpack-MO5ageshavebeen installedviathe VMSINSTALandPCSItools,O respectively. xIOToseewhichOpenVMSAlphaECOkitshavebeenapplied,DOlookinVMSINSTAL.HISTORYonOpenVMSAlphapriortoNOTES.Again,thisapproachisNOT reliable:)somekitsdoJOnotprovidereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswillin-QOstallonlythereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswilldeletePOHreleasenotes,andreleasenotesformultipleversionscanbeOpresent.{ NFOOnmost packages,youcan generallyuse ANALYZE/IMAGEROononeofthecoreimages,lookingattheimageidentificationMO5area.'Someoftheproduct-specific mechanisms availableare:| `m)mDQS DQS$VERSIONlogicalname `C CC/VERSION `llC++ CXX/VERSION `/TCP/IPTCPIPSHOWVERSIONcommand&_^`}n@O5.29CWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor'(OpenVMS?&REPORT%ddcu: cbdJO5.33CHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora'(newprinter?HOTo customizeDCPSforan otherwise unsupportedprinter,2Oyoucantrythe following sequence:c 9 `mFmExtractthemostclosely-associatedsetupmodulesfromDtheexistingdevicecontrollibrary,DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB.I(For instance,youcanprobablyextractandusetheHPKwLaserJet4000series definitionsfortheHPLaserJet4050Lseries.)Eachprinterwillvary,pleaseconsulttheprinter<( documentationfor specificsandrequirements.) `Grenameeach extractedsetupmoduletoacorresponding:,LPS$$UNRECOGNIZED_* `FInsertallofthe above-renamedsetupmodulesintoaI newly-createddevicecontrollibraryspecifictothenew]printer:#$&LIBRARY/TEXT/CREATE%-.i)$SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]HP4050_DEVCTL.TLBiqLPS$$UNRECOGNIZED*! .@WTheaboveassumesthefilenameHP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,alteras required. `/B/SetupyourDCPSstartup procedurestoincludea/ search-listlogicalnamesuchas:8 $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&DCPS_HP4050_LIBJ-+iTSYS$LIBRARY:HP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,&-%iSYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB `8Supply DCPS_HP4050_LIB as the library pa-Etrameterinthequeuestartupforthisprinter,this=is theP3 parametertothe command procedure/%%SYS$STARTUP:DCPS$EXECUTION_QUEUE.COM. `EThe HP4050_DEVCTLlibrarymay/willneedtoberecre-Hatedandmodules re-editedandreplacedwitheachDCPSIVupgrade, particularlyifanymodulesareupdatedintheKoriginallibrary.*Youwillalsowantto determineiftheJupgradedversionofDCPSdirectlysupportsthe particular_printer. `FTo customizethe processingoffile extensionswithinK7DCPS(toenableordisablegraybaroutput,for instance),/usethe information availablein:?5SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DAT_DEFAULT!f/Otocreateyourownsite-specific:7O-SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DATU+OAlsosee}Section5.14.*}F?dce=O5.34CWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOWDEVICE '(mountcountsdiffer?COMOUNTCNTreturnsthelocalmountcount,whileSHOW;ODEVICEreturnsthe cluster-widemountcount.fegnIO5.36CHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?COUYoucannotPRODUCTREMOVEaPCSIpatch(ECO)kit." KOInordertoremoveanECOkit,PCSIwouldhavetohavePOcopiesofalltheotherversionofthefilesfromallotherJO5patchesandproductsthat previouslywere installed.+ThisKOcanclearlyinvolvealargenumberoffilesandalargeSOarchiveofoldfileversionsanda substantialquantityofdiskTO>space.(Whileremovalisclearly theoretically possible,itisnot!O currently implemented. aLOThe followingisthe supported mechanismtoremoveaPCSIOpatchkit.p;Om1.JExecuteaPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCE name.*/FULLcommand.*The``maintenance''columnE(132columnwidth)showsthepatchesthathavebeen7w installed.'Keepacopyofthislisting.JO2.JAcquirekitsforallofthe maintenancekitslisted.LOv3.J Re-installthepriorFULLversionoftheproduct.*ThisIwillremoveallpatchkits,settingtoproductbackto ' "original" condition.RO4.J Re-installallthepatchesinthelistfromstep1,exceptDthosepatcheswhichyouhave determinedyoudonotWwant.tJJOTheabove informationalsoappliestoPCSIPARTIALkits.gfh,F LOAD_PWD_POLICYandthe programmingconceptsman-FOual,andseetheexamplesinSYS$EXAMPLES:.) (ExamplesMOand documentationonV7.3andlaterreflectboth platforms,KOHtheexamplesarefoundonlyonOpenVMSVAXkitsonear-OOlier releases.)The capabilitieshaveexistedonboththeVAX7OandAlpha platformsforsometimenow.)! LOToverifycurrent passwords,youcanalsousea techniqueHOknowntosystemcrackersasthe "dictionary attack"-theFO5 mechanismthatmakesthisattacksomewhatmorediffi-IOcultonOpenVMSisthehashingschemeusedonOpenVMS,LOandthefile protectionsusedfortheSYSUAF authorizationKO> database.*Givena dictionaryofwordsandthe unprotectedNOcontentsoftheSYSUAFfile,asearchforobvious passwordsQOcanbe performed.'Interestingly,a "dictionaryattack"alsohasMOHthe unfortunate side-effectofexposingthepasswordtothePO user-whilethisisclearlythegoalofasystemcracker,au-JOthorized privilegedandnon-privilegedsystemusersshouldKORnotknownorhaveaccesstothe (cleartext) passwordsofOotherusers. bLO Accordingly,OpenVMSdoesnotstorethe cleartest password.HOFurther,OpenVMSusesapasswordhashing algorithm,notOO5an encryption algorithm.'Thismeansthatstorageofaclear-OOtextpasswordis deliberatedavoided,andthe cleartextvalueUOis deliberatelyvery difficulttoobtain.(ThehashisbasedonaMO>Purdy Polynomial,andthehashitselfincludes user-specificKOvaluesinadditiontothe password,valuesthatmaketheCOresultsofthepasswordhashuniquetoeachuser.1! RO Regardlessoftheuseofapasswordhashingscheme,ifacopyLOofyourpasswordfileshouldbecome availabletoasystemSO5cracker,youwillwanttoforcealluserstousenew passwordsO immediately.OOIfyoushouldrequireausertoverifya password,usetheNO username,theuser'ssaltvalue(thisvalueisacquiredviaJO5$getuai)andtheuser's specified cleartext password,andMOcomparethe resultinghashedvalue(usingacallto$hash_HO password)againstthesavedhashedpasswordvalue(thisLO>valuealsoacquiredvia $getqui).,Forreasonsof security,MOavoidsavinga cleartextpasswordvalueinanydatafiles,FOanddonotmaintainthe cleartextpasswordinmemoryMOHlongerthan required.)(Useof$ACMonV7.3-1andlaterisO recommended.)LOKerberosauthentication(clientandserver)is availableonEOOpenVMSV7.3andlater.- IntegrationofKerberossup-KO5portintovariousCompaqandinto third-partyproductsisO expected. NPOExternalauthenticationis availableinV7.3-1andlater,withJOsupportfor user-writtenexternalauthenticationinV7.3-2O5andlater.EGOIfyouaresimplylookingforOpenVMSaccessandtheLOSYSTEMandallother privileged passwordsare forgottenor7O5 otherwise unavailable,pleaseseesection5Section5.55and/or+OtheOpenVMS documentationset.*}?]LOAlsopleaseseetheC2 guidelinesintheOpenVMSsecurityOmanual.GQk5jlpFFO5.41CPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?R `(;O5.41.1CWhyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?OO4Ifyouareseeingmorefilesbackedupthan previously,youNOareseeingtheresultofachangethatwasmadetoensureCOBACKUPcanperformanincrementation restorationofRO=thefiles.*In particular,ifa directoryfile modificationdateOOchanges,allfiles underneathitareincludedintheBACKUP,OOinordertopermit incremental restorationshoulda directoryOGfilegetrenamed.; SO5.41.1.1BWhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?MO)Whena directoryisrenamed,themodifieddateischanged.NOWhenthe restorationneedstorestorethe directoryanditsRO contents,andthe restorationshouldnotresultintherestora-QO3tionoftheolder directorynamewhenaseriesof incremental@OBACKUPsare restored.-Thusan incrementalBACKUP@O operationneedstopickupallofthechanges.LOConsider performingan incremental restoration,totesttheDO procedures.,ThistestingwashowOpenVMS EngineeringLO5foundoutabouttheproblemthatwaslatentwiththeoldAOBACKUP selection scheme-theold incrementalBACKUPKOschemewouldhavemissed restoringanyfilesunderare-KO>named directory.)Hencethechangetothe selectionmecha-Onisms mentionedin'Section5.41.1.*'Z? EO5.41.1.2BCanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?FO)Yes,pleaseseethe/NOINCREMENTAL qualifier availableIOonrecentOpenVMSversions(andECOkits).,UseofthisMO qualifierinformsBACKUPthatyouareawareofthelimita-KO3tionsoftheoldBACKUP behaviouraround incrementaldiskO restorations.l VBEO5.41.2CWhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?HO4Usethe documentedcommandsinthemanualforperform-EOing incrementalBACKUPs.(Usethe documented incremen-MOtal procedures.(Don'ttrytouse incrementalcommandsina#O=non-incrementalcontext.C! DOAlsoconsider understandingandthenusing /NOALIAS,OOwhichwilllikelybeabiggerwinthanwillanythingtodoKO5withthe incrementalBACKUPs, particularlyonsystemdisks;Oandanyotherdiskswith directoryaliases.vLLOSeetheOpenVMSV6.2releasenotesfor additionaldetails.Mr>O5.41.3CWhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?4O4First,PLEASEREADTHEBACKUPMANUAL.i ??OSecond,PLEASEGETTHECURRENTBACKUPECOKIT.U=OThird,PLEASESETTHEPROCESSQUOTASPERTHEODOCUMENTATION.T*IOBACKUPhasaverycomplex interface,andtherearenu-COmerouscommandexamplesand extensiveuserdocumen-LO5tation available.*Forasimpleruser interfaceforBACKUP,COpleaseseethe documentationfortheBACKUP$MANAGEROtool.mCCOAsforrecentBACKUPchanges, oddities,bugs,etc: !  `mFmAchangemadeinOpenVMSV6.2WILLcausemorefilesGtobeincludedintoa file-basedBACKUPsavesetusingC /SINCE=BACKUPasallfiles underneathany directoryMwwitha sufficientlyrecent (selected)datewillbeincludedMinthesaveset.&Thischangewas deliberateand intentional,G(andwasmandatedbytheneedtoprovidea functional# incremental restoration.*JWWithoutthe inclusionoftheseapparently-extrafiles,anA incrementalsavesetcanNOTbereliably restored. `/@/AspartoftheOpenVMSV6.2change,the/SINCE?command-withoutthe specificationofthe=BACKUPJkeyword-selectedmorefilesthanitshouldhave.)ThisisC9abug.-ThisbughasbeenremediedintheOpenVMSBBACKUPsourcecodeandinsomeof(allof?)0theBACKUPECOkits.f<whichwillreducethenumberof corruptionsseen.k[FO5.41.5CHowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremoteg(tape?GOHowtodothis correctlywas describedatDECUSlongLOago.*OntheOpenVMShostwiththetapedrive,createthe(O= following SAVE-SET.FDLfile:ORECORDz FORMAT fixedzRSIZER8192 *OThencreateBACKUP_SERVER.COM:O$&!ROP$&!%BACKUP_SERVER.COM%-%provide&remote%tape&service%for&BACKUP.O$&!O$&set%noon O($&set%rms/network=16&Op$&allocate&mka500%tapedev>O$&(mount/nounload/over:id/block=8192/assist%tapedev=O$&convert/fdl=SAVE-SET&sys$net%tapedev:save-set.%OH$&dismount/unload%tapedevO$& stop/id=0 NOOnthenodewhereyouwanttodothebackup,usetheDCLOcommand:Oa$&backup%- srcfilespec%-? node"user&*pwd"::"task=backup_server"/block=8192/save! OOOneareawhichdoesnotfunctionhereisthevolumeswitch;QO multi-reelormulti-cartridge savesets.'SincethetapeisbeingEO5writtenthroughDECnetandRMSandthemagtapeACP,KOBACKUPwon'tseethemediaswitchandwillsplitanXORFOgroupacrossthereel boundary.,BACKUPmightwellbeNO>willingtoreadsucha multi-reelormulti-cartridgesavesetRO (directly,notoverthenet)astheXORblocksare effectivelyPOignoreduntilandunlessneededforerrorrecovery operations.IOHBACKUPlikelywillnotbeabletoperforman XOR-basedO5.41.7CHowtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?JO4ToenablevirtualterminalsupportfortelnetandrloginIOdevices,addthe followinglogicalname definitionsintoOSYLOGICALS.COM:&SET%CONF&COMM/REMOTE=VIRTUAL t?O5.41.7.1BVolume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?JO) MiniMergesupporthasbeen availableformanyyearswithIOOpenVMS host-basedvolume shadowing,solongasyouhadIOMSCP controllers(eg:)HSC,HSJ,orHSD)which supportedEO3theVolume ShadowingAssistknownas``WriteHistoryO Logging''.NNOIfyouare interestedin minimergeandsimilar technologies,JOpleaseseetheFibreChannelwebpageandthe informationO5 availablethere:kA `m6m,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/\! 2IO Minimergesupportwas originallyexpectedwithHSG80se-JOriesstorage controllersandwasexpectedtorequireACSIO58.7andOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1.+Theseplans,theoriginalGOdesign,andtheimplementationthatwasunderdevelop-NOmenthavebeen revisited,anditisexpectedthatafutureJO>OpenVMSreleasewill implement minimergeusingtheexist-NOingstoragebitmaps technologies;usinga different,newand)Ocontroller-independentdesign.NIOUpdated informationandthecurrentprogressofthede-JO velopmentworkon minimergeisnot availableasofthisO5writing.K MOThe followingsectionsdescribebothMiniCopyand MiniMerge,8Oandcanprovideabasisfor discussions.O 5.41.7.1.1C MiniCopy?0A ShadowingFullCopyoccurswhenIO(youaddadisktoanexisting shadowsetusingaMOUNTJOcommand; theentirecontentsofthediskare effectivelyIOcopiedtothenewmember(usingan algorithmthatgoesFO2throughin 127-block incrementsandreadsonemember,ROcompareswiththetargetdisk,andifthedatadiffers,writesROthedatatothetargetdiskandloopsbacktothereadstep,MO<untilthedataisequalforthat 127-block section)..(ThisGOisoneofthereasonswhythe traditional recommenda-LOtionforaddingnewvolumestoa shadowsetwastouseaEOEBACKUP/PHYSICALcopyofanexisting shadowsetvolume,HOsimplybecausethereadsthenusuallymatchedandthusDO shadowingusuallyavoidedtheneedforthewrites.)Y! /GOIfyouwarnOpenVMSaheadoftime(atdismounttime)NOthatyou'replanningtoremoveadiskfroma shadowsetbutLO5re-additlater,OpenVMSwillkeepabitmaptrackingwhatTOareasofthediskhavebeenmodifiedwhilethediskwasoutofLOthe shadowset,andwhenyoure-additlaterwithaMOUNTKO>commandOpenVMSonlyhastoupdatetheareasofthere-MOturneddiskthatthebit-map indicatesarenow out-of-date.MOOpenVMSdoesthiswithareadsource/writetargetalgo-LOHrithm,whichismuchfasterthanthe shenaniganstheFullSOCopydoes,soevenifallofthediskhaschanged,aMiniCopy*OisfasterthanaFullCopy.4! h  O 5.41.7.1.2C MiniMerge?2A ShadowingMergeis initiatedwhenHO(anOpenVMSnodeinthecluster(whichhada shadowsetJOmounted)crashesor otherwiseleaves unexpectedly,withoutMO dismountingthe shadowsetfirst.'Inthiscase,OpenVMSmustLO2ensurethatthedatais identical,since Shadowingguaran-WOteesthatthedataonthedisksina shadowsetwillbe identical.KOInaregularMerge operation, Shadowingusesan algorithmQO<similartotheFullCopy algorithm(exceptthatitcanchooseROeitherofthemembers'contentsasthesourcedata,sincebothROare consideredequallyvalid),andscanstheentiredisk.(Also,MOEtomakethingsworse,foranyread operationsintheareaLOaheadofwhathasbeenmerged, ShadowingwillfirstmergeMOthearea containingthereaddata,thenallowthereadtoOOoccur.! IOAMergecanbeverytime-consumingandveryI/Ointen-NOsive,sosome controllershave ShadowingAssiststomakeitOO5faster.)Ifthe controllerssupportWriteHistoryLogging,theNO controllersrecordtheareas(LBNs)thatarethesubjectofOO Shadowingwrites,andifanodecrashes,the survivingnodesRO>canquerythe controllerstofindoutwhatexactareasofthePOdiskthedepartednodewaswritingtojustbeforethecrash,POandthus Shadowingonlyneedstomergejustthosefewareas,UOHsothistendstotakesecondsasopposedtohoursforaregularOMerge.glkmM%##O 6.2 Information!on!Mailmlng w=KO6.1BMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.(WhatdoIdo?Oifyouseethe/F%MAIL-W-NONEWMAIL,nonewmessagesFOerrorreportedwhenMAIL indicatesyouhave messages,HO^thentheNEWMAILcounthasbecomeskewedfromreality.p! FOOThecountofnewmailmessagesiskept separatelyfromyourGOmailfolder,andisstoredinVMSMAIL_PROFILE.DATA.ItPO5 sometimeshappensthatthiscountdiffersfromwhatisstoredPOinyourmailfolder.(Ifthisarises,invokeMAILandrepeat-FOedlyentertheREAD/NEWcommand(orpressthekeypadHO>hyphenkeyonan LK-compatible keyboard)untilyouseeHOnonewmail messages.)Thenenterthecommandonemore:Otime.'Thiswill resynchronizethe counters.  POIfyouare operatinginaclusterandfindyourmailcountsMO inconsistentacrossclustermembers,yourcustomerislikelyCO5missinga definitionoftheVMSMAIL_PROFILElogicalMOname-andisprobablyalsomissing definitionsofotherlog-NOicalnames associatedwithothersharedfiles-orhasoneorTO>more inconsistent definitionsofthisandlikelyofotherlogicalOnames.b NSOFordetailsonthe configurationdatafilesthatmustbesharedKOwithinacluster,pleaseseeSYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEO5onV7.2andlater. nmoFO6.2BHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?QOUIsthereanywaytosendorreadmailwithfilesasattach-OmentsfromVMS?oMONotdirectlywiththeOpenVMSMAIL facility,butthereare"Oseveralotheroptions:$  `mEmInstallPINE, available commerciallyfromInnosoftorEfreefromAndyHarper.*WithPINEyoucanbothsendHandreceiveMIME messages,ifyouhavethe appropriatewviewers available. _ h!Yhhttp://www.process.com/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ f0Yf&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ `AIfyouareworkingfromanX11server, usetheA>OpenVMSversionofNetscape NavigatororMozilla.FThemaildownloadprotocolchosentoaccessthemailJserverfromthe NavigatororMozillamailclientcanbeFHPOPorIMAP,withtheformercausingmessagestobeH downloadedwhilethelatterpermitsmessagestobere-Htainedonthemailserver.+MostfolkspreferIMAPforRthisreason. `=MPACK/MUNPACK.TosendaMIMEmail, constructB)themessagewith attachmentsmanuallyusingMPACK.JYoucannotsendthe resultingfiledirectlythroughMAILJbecauseanextrablankheaderlinewillbeinsertedbe-A3tweenyourmessageandtheOpenVMSMAILheaders,GwhichwillcausethemessagetoappearasplaintextEinmostmail programs.*SomeTCP/IPstacksprovideaJ=workaroundforthisproblem,andifthatdoesn'twork,Myoushould generallybeabletoforcethemessagedirectlyGintotheSMTPportofyourmailmachine.*Examplesof!Fbothmethodsarein:se I h>Yh4http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/mmail.com !IWToreadaMIMEmailmessage,openitinMAIL,extractKittoafile,thenuseMUNPACKtobreakoutanddecodethe attachments.8W MPACK/MUNPACKtoolsarealso available on"OpenVMSFreewareV5.0. `/@/WithOpenVMSV7.2andlater,usetheMIMEtool"suppliedwithOpenVMS.onp! ;O6.3BHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?OOUUsethe anti-spam capabilitiespresentintheTCP/IPServices*OV5.1andlaterSMTPservers.EOUsea firewall.&  rJOOnearlierTCP/IPServices releases,somesimpleDCLcanFO reportedlypreventrelaySMTPspam.)UsetheUCXcom-BO5mandSHOWSERVICE SMTP/FULLtofindthe directory;O containingtheUCX$SMTP_RECV_STARTUP.COMfile,+Oandinsertthe followingDCL: Ok$ zk! O$z!%Block%spam. O$ z! OB$HzB>MY_ADDRESS_LONG[0,32]=F$INTEGER(F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")-"::") O$Jz@MY_ADDRESS=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-)F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" Ob$6zb,MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",-E;F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" O:$Nz:WRITE& SYS$OUTPUT% F$TIME()+"%%"+F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")+MY_ADDRESS O$?zUCX%SHOW&HOST%$'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.INPUTS.ORBS.ORG O$zIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN OZ$:ZWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%from&relay& rejected" O$EXIT O$zENDIF O2$Dz2UCX%SHOW&HOST%)'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.SPAMSOURCES.ORBS.ORG Oz$zzIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN O $< WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%source%relay% rejected" OR$REXIT O$zENDIF O$ z! O) $z) !%Run& receiver. Oq $ zq ! O $/z run% sys$system:ucx$smtp_receiver.exe O $z goto%exitlpoqR%((O 7.2 Information!on! UtilitiesK qpr ! DO7.1BHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?IOUIfyou've installedthe DECwindows examples,you'llfindAODECW$CDPLAYER.C,.DAT,.EXE,.UIL,and.UID.CopyEOthe.UIDand.DATfilestoDECW$USER_DEFAULTS:(typ-DO^ically SYS$LOGIN:),definethelogicalnameDECW$CD_JOPLAYERtobethedevicenameofyourCD-ROMdrive(eg.BO DKA400:),giveyourselfPHY_IOandDIAGNOSEprivi-NOhleges,andrunthe.EXE.(These privilegesare required,asSOtheaccesstothe CD-related extensionswillrequiretheuseofGOtheprivilege-protected IO$_DIAGNOSEI/Ofunctioncode.)QOrYoucanalsoinstalltheimagewiththese privileges.)SeetheMOsourcefor additionaldetails-notethatthecommentsre-CO#gardingtheneedforSYSGENCONNECTarenolonger7O{ applicable(atleastasofVMSV5.5-2).8OThere'salsoSYS$EXAMPLES:CDROM_AUDIO.Cand?O.EXE,a non-Motifprogram, availableonOpenVMS1O5VAX,andDECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER. @* 5on,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.V! t,?OThestandardOpenVMSATA(IDE) SYS$DQDRIVERde-NOvicedriverdoesnotsupportthe necessarydoesnotsupportJO5the necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEfunctioncodethatisrequiredIOforaccesstoaudioCDmediacommands(onOpenVMSver-JOsionspriortoV7.3),butanupdated SYS$DQDRIVERdeviceMO>driver(sourcecodeandall)withthis capabilityandwithDOthesourcecodeofanupdated DECW$CDPLAYERCDau-IOdioplayeris availableontheOpenVMSFreewarewebsiteFOH!(www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/,lookforthe directoryMO /dqdriver/),andtheseupdatesarealsoincludedonOpenVMSEOFreewareV5.0,andOpenVMSECOkits containingnewerRORversionsofthedriverare available.'FreewareV6.0hasaver-KOsionofDQDRIVERthatisnewerthanthatoftheOpenVMSLOAlphaV7.3-2release,with additional capabilitiesandwith'O[improvederror diagnostics.NCOOpenVMSAlphaV7.3andlaterincludeaversionof:O SYS$DQDRIVERwiththe necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEO5support.grqs0 )LO7.2BHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydiskfrom(OpenVMS?EOTheHPAdvancedServer (formerlyknownas PATHWORKS)GOforOpenVMSproductincludesan unsupportedandundoc-LO^umentedutilitycalledPCDISK,andthistoolcanreadandDOwritevarious MicrosoftMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindows O FAT-format diskettes.! NLOProGISinGermanysellsaproductcalledVMovewhichsup-KOportsDOSfilesonmany differentdevicetypes.+Formore7O5 information,sendmailtoinfo@progis.de.,@O Engineering SoftwarehasaproductcalledVAKSATHOwhichwillread,write,anderasefilesonMS-DOSFATEO5 diskettes.0 AvailableforbothVAXandAlpha.0Contact5Oed@cityscape.co.ukformore information.! KOMadGoatPCExchange(PCX)isautilityforcopyingfilesEOtoandfromMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindows(FAT)for-IO5mat diskettesunderOpenVMS,usinganRX23(3.5"),RX26TO(3.5"),orRX33(5.25")diskettedrive.'For3.5" diskettes,high-QOdensitydiskscanbereadorwritten;double-densitydisksareHO> read-only.,Only high-densitydisksare supportedontheORX33.V, `m!mhttp://www.madgoat.com/DOTheFreewarepackageWINFXis availableonFreeware=OV6.0,andcanreadtheFATvolume structure.e; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/srt)DO7.3BHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"(DECsounddoesn'twork.JOThenew AlphaStationsystemsusea differentsoundboardKO (MicrosoftSoundSystem)thantheearlierDEC3000seriesHO^systems,and DECsound,assuppliedby DECwindowsMotif,LOdoesn'tsupportthisboard.,HPoffersanoptionalproduct,-O MultimediaServicesforOpenVMS:7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.! NNOwhichprovidesa replacementDECsoundforthiscardaswellHOasmanyotherfeatures(anAVIandMPEGplayer,video"O5capturesupport,etc.)a77OEnsoniqsoundsupportisalso available.utv 8 2AO7.5BHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?BOUMost(all?)-IBM EBCDIC-basedsystemscanreadandFOwrite ANSI-labeledASCII magtapes.) Fixed-lengthrecordsbackintoZAP,andusetheZAPWcommandtowritetheOupdatedblock.^wvxD%O 8.2DCL!Detailsjyxzny8O8.2BHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?AOUThesimplestwayisthe TYPE/PAGENLA0:'command. zHOYoucansetupasymboltoclearthescreeninyourO LOGIN.COM:'Oa$&CLS%:==% TYPE/PAGE&NLA0:dzy{! ?O8.3BUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole(OPCOMs?LOYourterminalmustbeenabledasanoperatorterminalbe-DOforethe REPLY/LOGcommandcanbeused,butaDCLNO^ procedure(batchcommandfile,systemstartup,etc)doesnotPOhavean associated terminal.'Tomakethiswork,usethefol-NOlowingsequencetoenabletheOPA0:)consoleastheoperatorGOh terminal,thenthe REPLY/LOGcommandwillbe accepted:-O$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O5$& REPLY/LOG-O}$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/ENABLE" NOTodisablethesystemconsoleterminal(OPA0:)'asanopera-7Otor terminal,usethe followingcommand:-Oa$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLE#D d?OAlsoseeSYLOGICALS.COM(andSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)LOfor informationon configuringthe behaviourofOPCOM,in-QO5cludingthe (default)useofthesystemconsole(OPA0:)'asanOOoperator terminialandthespecificcontentsand behaviourof9Othesystemoperatorlogfile OPERATOR.LOG.{z|u$l K@O8.4BHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?EOUHereisarandomnumber generator,justdoaGOSUBHORANDandtheglobalsymbolRANDOMwillcontainaran-FOdomly generatednumber.-Youcanfeedthe generatoraCO^ceilingvalue(_ _CEIL)oranewseed(_ _SEED).XO$!%RAND&-%returns%a&positive&random%number% ("RANDOM")%between&0%and O+$!+__CEIL&-%1..Os$!% sharris-at-sdsdmvax.fb3.noaa.govO$&RAND: O$*OK$&IF&F$TYPE(__SEED)&.EQS.&""O$&THEN:O$!&seed%the&random%number% generator,%...!O#$__NOW%=& F$CVTIME()/Ok$__HOUR%=%'F$EXTRACT(11,2,__NOW)'1O$__MINUTE%=&'F$EXTRACT(14,2,__NOW)'1O$__SECOND%=&'F$EXTRACT(17,2,__NOW)'/OC$__TICK%=%'F$EXTRACT(20,2,__NOW)' O$TO$__SEED%==%__TICK&+%(100%*& __SECOND)%+&(6000&*% __MINUTE)&+%-(360000&*%__HOUR)WOb$!&the% generator%tends%to%do%better&with%a%large,%odd&seed,&...*O$__SEED%==%(__SEED%.OR.&1)O$!&clean&up,%..."O:$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__NOW#O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__HOUR%O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__MINUTE%O $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__SECOND#OZ $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__TICKO $&ENDIF O $GO2 $&IF&F$TYPE(__CEIL)&.EQS.&""&THEN%__CEIL&=% %X3FFFFFFF Oz $/O $&__SEED%==%__SEED%*%69069%+&1 O $DOR $&RANDOM%==%+(__SEED.AND.%X3FFFFFFF)/(%X40000000/__CEIL) O $O $&RETURN|{}f%h<1O8.5BWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?MOUTheMCRisanartifactofRSX compatibilitymode,theop-DOeratingsystemfromwhichOpenVMSis descended.+MCRIOistheMonitorConsoleRoutine,andthecommandisin-JO^tendedtoactivateRSX compatibilitymode utilities.*WhenDOusedonOpenVMS,thecommandismostcommonlyusedIOtorunthe specifiedimage and-becausethetooldetectsKOhtheimageisnotacompatibility-modeimage-itactsasaMOformofRUNcommandwiththedefaultfile specificationofAOSYS$SYSTEM:.EXE.MCRpassesany (optional)commandLOrline argumentsinafashionsimilartoaforeigncommand.OInotherwords:OO$&MCR%FOO%BARw&iMOis equivalentto:t$%FOO%:==&$FOOtP$%FOO%BAR'NJOMCRisnot documented.)UseofaforeigncommandortheKODCL$PATH mechanismis preferred.(Fordetailsonthis,seeO5Section8.1.*'O|?}|~(@O8.6BHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?GOUYoucanusetheSETPROMPTcommandforthispurpose.JOSETPROMPTsetstheDCLprompttothe specifiedstring.)! NOOWhenyouwanttodisplayvariable information,youwillneedROto establishatie-inthatprovidesthe informationtotheSET(O5PROMPTcommandas required.}* SMOIfyouwishtodisplaythedefault directoryfor instance,LOyouwillhaveto establishatiebetweentheSETDEFAULT>O5commandandtheSETPROMPT commands,asthereMOisnodirectwaytogetthedefault directoryastheDCLOOprompt.(YoucaneasilyacquireorcreateasetofDCLcom-FO>mand proceduresthatperformtheSETDEFAULTandSETCOPROMPTforyou.*TheseDCLcommand proceduresoften$Ouseacommandsuchas:3Ot$&set%!prompt='f$environment("default")'+ WIOMoreadvanceduserscould implementasystemserviceorROother intercept,andusethesetoolsto interceptthe directoryHO5changeandresettheprompt accordingly.+(ThisapproachEOlikelyinvolvessome kernel-mode programming,andre-IOquireswriteaccesstovarious undocumentedOpenVMSdataO> structures.),{MOTherearerelatedtools availablefromvarioussources,in-.Ocludingthe followingwebsites: -! f `m*m ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/setpmt/ `3)ftp://ftp.tmesis.com/sys_service_hook.src `lGlJamesF.Duffhasalsomade availableaMacro32toolGknownas TIME_PROMPT,atoolthatsetsthepromptto%thecurrentsystemtime. `FManyfolkshave contributedDCL procedurestoperformHthistask.*Visitthe newsgrouparchivesfor informationMand examples. ~}.DO8.7BCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith(DCL?.OYes,youcandothiswithDCL./WCOTheOpenVMSDECnet documentationshowsvarioussim-JOpleexamplesusingthetaskobjectandtheTYPEcommandLO5totriggerthe executionofaDCLcommand procedureonaGOremotenode.)AnexampleDCLcommand procedurethatisHOrathermoreadvancedthanusingtheTYPEcommandasaAO>triggerisincludedintheAskTheWizardarea:c09 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/1NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*1|?2 GODCLdoesnotincludesupport asynchronousI/O,thusaFO predeterminedprotocolora predetermined "turn-around"HO5commandsequencemustbe implementedinordertoavoidOOprotocoldeadlocks-caseswherebothtasksaretryingtowriteOOorbothtasksaretryingtoread.,ThetaskthatiswritingIO>messagestothenetworkmustwrite(orwriteandread)KOa predeterminedsequenceof messages,oritmustwriteaOOmessagethattellsthereaderthatitcannowstartwritingPOH messages.'(Thisistheessenceofabasic half-duplexnetworkOprotocolscheme.)~3]{FO8.8BHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?5OD$&width&=%f$getdvi(terminal,"DEVBUFSIZ")4F #=O8.9BHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?KOUUseDCL ampersand substitution,andnot apostrophesubsti-Otution.YO2$&pipe%show%system%|%search% sys$input&opcom&|%(read% sys$input&pid%;Gzpid=f$element(0,"%",pid)&;% define/system% opcom_pid%&pid)!O$&show%log& opcom_pid8  "OPCOM_PID"%=% "0000020B"&(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE) 5K=O8.10CUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical'(names?GOWithacommandtocreateadetachedprocesssuchas:EO2$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COM6 WKOIfyouaretryingtousealogicalnameasthe/INPUT,@O/OUTPUTor/ERRORona RUN/DETACHcommand,thenPO5youmust translatethelogicalnamespecificationstophysicalPO referencesbeforepassingthem,orthe definitionsmustresidePOinalogicalnametablethatisvisibletothe newly-createdO>process.B7DOAlsonotethatLOGINOUTonlycreatesthe SYS$LOGIN,=OSYS$LOGIN_DEVICE,and SYS$SCRATCHlogicalnamesUO5ifitis processingaloginthatisbasedonthecontentsofaEOSYSUAFrecord-withoutaccesstothe associatedSYSUAFGOrecord,this informationisnot availableto LOGINOUT.JO>(Ifyouwanttoseethese particularlogicalnamescre-KOated,thenpleasespecifythe /AUTHORIZE qualifieronthe!O RUN/DETACHED command.)8! KOIfyoudonotspecifyLOGINOUTastheimage,thenthereOOisnoeasywaytogettheselogicalnames.+Also,anylogi-RO5calnamesthatareusedinthetargetimagefile specificationTOmustalsobeinalogicalnametable accessible(bydefault)byIOthe newly-createddetachedprocess.*SharedtablesincludeQO>thegroup(iftheprocessisinthesameUICgroup)andtheQOsystemtable.*(IfthetargetprocessistobeinanotherUICSOgroup,a suitablly privilegeduseror applicationcancreatetheOOH necessarylogicalname(s)directlyintheothergrouplogicalOnametable.)!9! LOWhenindoubt,createashortDCLcommandfileasinput,EOanduseaSHOWLOGICALandsimilarcommandstoex-KO5aminethecontext.*(Andusephysicaldeviceand directoryDO referencesonthe RUN/DETACHoftheLOGINOUTimage,KOwhen specifyingthiscommandfileas/INPUT.)Alsoremem-KO>bertocheckbothsecurityauditingandsystem accountingAOwhentroubleshootingproblemswiththe RUN/DETACH.T:*OAlsosee}Section8.1.*:}F|?W=>%O 9.2Files2 Bf GO9.2BWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswerthan( DIR/SIZE?KODIRECTORY/SIZEdoesn'ttakeintoaccountthesizeoffileLOheaderswhicharechargedtoyourquota.*Also,unlessyouGO^useDIRECTORY/SIZE:ALL,youwillseeonlythe``used''POsizeofthefile,notthe allocatedsizewhichiswhatgetsQOchargedagainstyourquota.'Also,youmayhavefilesinotherOh directories.4O$&DIRECTORY/SIZE=ALL/GRAND% [username...]HO5Grand%total%of%D1% directories,%F1%files,&B1/B2&blocks.6O}$&DIRECTORY/SIZZ=ALL/GRAND%[-]username.DIRCOGrand%total%of%1& directory,%1%file,%B3/B4%blocks.O $&SHOW%QUOTAAOUUser& [username]%has&B5&blocks%used,%B6% availableQOof%B7% authorized&and% permitted% overdraft&of&B8&blocks%on%diskC! zWOIftheuserhasnofilesinother directoriesandall file-headersDOareonly1block,thenthe followingshouldapply:a B5=B2+B4+F1+1DVPOIfthe diskquotahasdriftedoutofsynchronization,thentheHOsystem-managercanforceaquota rebuild-duetovariousPO5factors,thequotafilecan potentiallydriftfromtheactualMOuseovertime,andaperiodicrebuildcanbe performedat!O appropriate intervals.E GOAlsobeawarethattheDIRECTORY/SIZEcommandcanre-JOportlargervaluesthanmight otherwisebeexpectedwhenRO5usedtoevaluatefilesand/or directoriesthatarealiaslinks-JOsuchasthesystemrootsonOpenVMSsystemdisks-astheNOcommandreportsatotalthatis cumulativeoveralloftheIO>filesand directories examined,withoutregardforwhichLOonesmightbealiasentriesandwhicharenot.,(InotherDOwords,aDIRECTORY/SIZEofanentireOpenVMSsystemNOHdiskwillreportadiskuseagevaluelargerthanthe(usu-GOallymore accurate)valuereportedbytheSHOWDEVICEOOcommand.*Thisasaresultofthealiasentrieslinkingeach&ORSYS$SYSDEVICE:[SYSCOMMON]SYS ]*R.DIR directoryfile>Oandthe$SYS$SYSDEVICE:[000000]VMS$COMMON.DIRfileO together.)*F NO9.3BHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento(disk?LOIfyour applicationmust absolutely guaranteethatdataisMO available,nomatterwhat,there'sreallyno substituteforGO^RMS Journalingandhost-orcontroller-based shadowing.KOHowever,youcanachieveagooddegreeofdata integrityKObyissuinga SYS$FLUSHRMScallat appropriatetimes(ifQOhyou'reusingRMS,thatis.)(Ifyou'reusinga high-levellan-KOguage'sI/Osystem,checkthat language's documentationtoUOseeifyoucanaccesstheRMScontrolblocksfortheopenfile. punctuation!(Someroutinesofinterestare SYS$FILESCAN,?O SYS$PARSEandLIB$TRIM_FILESPEC.Forfurtherin-GO formation,seetheOpenVMSGuidetoFile Applications.L! mNO Performanceoflarger directoryfilesimproves (greatly)withMOOpenVMSV7.2andlater-operationson directoryfilesof128IO5blocksandlargerwererathersloweronearlierOpenVMSTOreleasesduetothesmallersizeofthe directorycacheanddue5Otothe directoryI/O processinglogic.MNOForfastest directory deletions,considerareverse deletion-ROdeletefromthelastfileinthe directorytothefirst.-ThisLO5reversalspeedsthedeletion operationbyavoidingunneces-POsary directoryI/O operationsasthefilesaredeleted.*ToolsJOsuchastheFreewareDFUcanbeusedforthispurpose,CO>ascanvarious availablereverse-DELETEDCLcommandO procedures.+bCO9.7BHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon(OpenVMS?AOHowtocreateCD-R,CD-RW,DVD-R,DVD+R,DVD-RW,)OorDVD+RWmediaonOpenVMS?lc B `m@mAcquirea comparativelyrecent SCSI-basedorATA9(IDE)CD-RorDVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWdrive.OlderKdrivescanbe problematic,whilenewerdrivesarereadily-w available,cheapandveryfast. `;GetLDDRIVERfromthe Freeware.1Versionsof@OLDDRIVERarelatentinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1and9later.)(LookwithinSYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COMfor details.) `AGetCDRECORDorCDWRITEorothersimilarrecord-ingtool.yd+O3WCDRECORD(part of CDRTOOLS), CDWRITE,6and DVDRECORD(partof DVDRTOOLS)pack-6ages (DVDRECORD is a fork!of CDRECORD)>aarefreely available, andversionsofCDRECORD@are available on theFreewareV6.0 distribution.2((http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/)de :<WVersionsofCDRECORD (non-DVD)arelatentin?OpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1andlater., Commercialver-@sionsofCDDRECORD-withDVDcapabilities-arealsoLa availableforvarious platforms,and particularlyavariant3ofCDRECORDknownasCDRECORD-ProDVD.f! EWBewarethetoolchosen:*someversionsand configura-EtionsofCDRECORDcanrecordDVDmedia,ascantheA DVDRECORDpackage,ascanthe commercialDVDwrite@apackage.*ManyversionsofCDRECORDcannotrecordADVDmedia, includingtheversionofCDRECORDla-GtentwithinOpenVMSandtheversionfoundonFreeware=kV6.0;theseversionscannotrecordDVDmedia. `NBuildthecontentsofthediskontheLDdevice partition. `iOiUsethechosen recordingtooltorecordthecontentsoftheELD partitiondirectlyontotheCD-RorCD-RWmedia.gzHOAlternatively,considerthe followingcommandonOpenVMS$OAlphaV7.3-1andlater:)Oa@SYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COM&HELP^h 4JOWhilefolkshavehadsuccessgettingPC-basedCD-R/RWor@ODVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWtoolstoworkwithOpenVMSMO5 partitions,itisfareasierandmorereliabletousetheKO OpenVMS-basedversionsofthesetoolsanddirectly-attachedOdevices.4i HOMoredetails:+CreationofCD recordableorDVDrecord-HOablemediaunderOpenVMS typicallyinvolvesoneoftwoNO5 approaches:)theuseoftheoptionalCD-R (`Scribe')capabil-POities availableforthe InfoServerorother "offline"hardwareKOpackages (PC-basedpackageswillbeincludedinthis),orGO>theuseofa host-basedpackagesuchastheCDRECORDFOor CDWRITE13_VMSorother utilities,OpenVMSportsofHOcommon open-sourcetoolsmade availablebyDr.)Eberhard@OHHeuser-Hofmannandothers.+Dr.,Heuser-HofmannhasFODVDwrite,a commercialpackagewhichcanrecordDVD6Omedia.'$(http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms)0jCOOpenVMScanreadODS-2,ODS-5,andISO-9960formatMOCD-ROMs.((Ifyouareverycareful,youcancreateadual-FO5formatCD-R;aCD-RwithbothODS-2andISO-9660or0ObothODS-5andISO-9660orboth.)k NGO InfoServerhardwareconfigurationsarenolongeravail-NOablefromHP,butmay potentiallybeacquiredthroughother&O5means;asused equipment.%l BOPackages related to the use of DVD archiving areIOalso available,seethe multi-volume capabilitiesofthe'O5DVDarchive/restore Freeware.IO?http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/9999/vmscdwri.htmlvmLLO Additional informationis availableatthe followingsites:nnA D `m.m$http://www.djesys.com/vms/cdrom.html `4*http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Technology/CD-E R/vms.html `J@http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cdrom/cd-recordable/part1/preamble.html `D&Dhttp://www.tmesis.com/CDrom/ `'http://www.tditx.com/~odsiso/Vo ,QOU.S.Designoffersapackagethatincludesthetools necessaryIOtocreateaCDorDVD-RwitheitherISO-9660orODS-2BO5format,for standaloneCD-R/RW,DVD-R,orDVD+R/RWPOdrives,forrecentOpenVMS versions.'Detailsare availableat:Wp- `m"mhttp://www.usdesign.com/qOAlsoseeSection9.7.27Pfordetailsonaccesstorecordedmedia$OonolderCD-ROMdrives.*qF?|ro6O9.7.1BCDandDVD notation, terminology?BO4CD-ROMis pre-recordedCompactDiskmedia,andisIOtheoriginalandoldestCDformat.+TheoriginalCDme-NOdiawas physicallystamped,a recordingprocessthatisnowIO=largelyreservedtothehighest-volumemedia reproductionO requirements.s NIOCD-RisCD Recordable,a write-oncestoragemediumthatUOcanbereadbyallbuttheoldestofCDdrives;aformatwhichMO5canbereadandoftenevenrecordedbymostCD-RWdrives.tNHOCD-RWisCD ReWritable,aformatwhichisreadablebyJOmanyCDdrivesandbymostCD-Rdrives,andwithmediaGO5thatcanberecordedand re-recordedbyCD-RWdrives.u WKOCDmedia recordingspeedsarelistedas multiplesof150RO kilobytespersecond,soa10Xdriverecordsat1500 kilobytesJO5(1.5 megabytes)persecond.*600MB(70minutes)and700MOMB(80minutes) recording capacitiesarebothwidelyavail-OOable.(Theminutes designationisderivedfromthe traditionalHO> audio-format recordingcapacityofthe particularmedia.v WGODVD-R/RWistheolderoftwocommonDigital VersatileJODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD-R RecordableorDVD-JO5RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDdrives.(AsLOwithCD-RformatsinolderCDdrives,olderDVDandpar-HO ticularlyfirst-generationDVDplayersmayhaveproblems'O>readingthismediaformat.w! W{LODVD+R/RWisthenewerofthetwocommonDigital VersatileDODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD+R RecordableorAO5DVD+RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDGOdrives.+AkintoDVD-R/RWmedia,olderand particularlyKOfirst-generationDVDdrivescanhaveproblemsreadingthisO>mediaformat.x MOTheDVD Plus-seriesdrivesandmediatendtorecordfasterSOthanMinusdrives,as(asofthiswriting)thePlus(+)drivesJO5donotrequireaninitialmedia formattingpassandtheIOMinus(-)drivesdo.-Whilethe appropriatePlus(+)orMOMinus(-)DVDrawmediamustbechosenforthe particularJO>DVDrecorder(andDVD recordingdrivesthatarecompati-POblewithandcapableofusingbothPlusandMinusmediaareLO available),the resultingrecordedmediais generallyread-LOHable (playable)inallrecentDVDdrivesandDVDplayers,LO regardlessoftype.,(CompatibilityisbestwithinthesamePO media-seriesdevicesofcourse,butbecertaintoverifycom-ROR patibilityacrossdevices regardlessofthe particulardeviceor0O particular recordingmediachosen.)y bJO PresentlyPlus(+)mediaisslightlymore expensivethanPOMinus(-),butwiththepricesofallCDandallDVDmediaMO5 continuingto consistentlyfall,the differencesinDVDme-SOdiacostsarebecoming irreleventforallbutthe productionof(OhugevolumesofDVDmedia.zJOTheratedDVD recordingspeedsarein multiplesof1353OO kilobytespersecond,thusaDVD1Xdriveisroughlyequiv-KO5alenttoaCD9XdriveinI/O requirementsandtransferOspeed.{wHODVDdrive recordingspeedcananddoesvary.,DVDdiskPOdrive recordingspeedislimitedbytherated recordingspeedLO5ofthemediaused,sotheslower(andcheaper)DVDmediaOOwillnotrecordanymorequicklyinafasterdrive.*A2.4XDODVDdriveloadedwith1Xmediawillrecordat1X.|DO9.7.2BUseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)<(CDdrives?HOTheRRD42seriesSCSICD-ROMdriveis sufficientlyoldEOthatitcanhaveproblems processingCD-RandCD-RWJO=media.*OtherveryoldCDdrivescanhave equivalentme-JOdia compatibilityproblemswhen attemptingtoread(much)GOnewerCDmediaandnewerCDmedia technologies.*TheseJOGolderCDdrivesare generallyintendedforusewiththeGO so-calledembossedmedia,ratherthanwith non-embossedFOrecorded (recordable)medianowincommon circulation.}NGOPleaseconsiderusingaslightly-less-ancientCD-ROMorCOCD-RorCD-RWdrivewhenworkingwith non-embossedO5recordedCDmedia.~N@OTo paraphraseoneknowledgable-though deliberatelyJOnameless-storage engineer,``TheRRD42driveisjustpast(O5thedroolingidiotstage''. wEO9.8BWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?NOUThemaximumtransfersizeisan attributeofthe particularQOI/Odevice, controlleranddriver combination;thereisnoin-MOherentlimitimposedbyOpenVMS(otherthanthefactthat,RO^today,bytecountsandLBNsare generallylimitedto32bits). UOOThemaximumsizeofadeviceI/OrequestislimitedbytheDOvalueinUCB$L_MAXBCNT,whichissetbythedeviceSO5driverbasedonvariousfactors.'(AlsocheckthesettingoftheHOMAXBUFsystem parameterforbufferedI/O transfers,and'Ochecktheprocessquotas.) aPO Currently,SCSIdriverslimitI/O transferstoFE00(16)bytes,KO65024bytes (decimal).,ThereasonsforthistransfersizeOO5 limitationarelargely historical.) Similarly,DSSIdevicesarePOlimitedtothesamevalue,thisforhardware-specificreasons.NO TransferstoHSCandHSJdevice controllersviatheCIareKO>limitedto 1,048,576bytes.*Client MSCP-serveddevicesareNOlimitedto65535bytes-tohelpensurethattheI/Ofragmen-QOtation processinghappensontheclientandnotontheserverOHsystem.d :LOPartsoftheOpenVMSI/O subsystemare optimizedfordataOO transferslessthan64KB,because (obviously)mostI/Oopera-NO5tionsare(substantially)lessthanthat.'OpenVMScanhandleQOlarger transfers,ifthedriverandthedevicecanhandleit.kAOAlsosee}Section9.4,!Section9.5.*}F|?J*!F|?N9L w"DO9.9BCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase(files?NOYes,youcanusevarious available third-partypackagesthatMOpermitremoteODBCclientstoaccessRMSfilesandvarious3O^ commercial databasesviathenetwork.HOForRMS,consider acquiringoneofthepackagesavail-HOablefrom EasySoft,AttunityConnect (formerlyknownasHO5ISG Navigator),Oracle(DB Integrator), SolutionsIQ,andO Synergex.FOForspecific commercial databases(otherthanRMS,ofNOcourse),contactthedatabasevendordirectlyfor assistance.XGO9.10CIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI'(usingXFC?.OYes,youareusingXFCcaching. HODisksthatareusingXFCcachinguse communicationandJO coordination protocolsthatare compatiblewiththeolderIO5VIOCcachingimplementation.'Withtheinitial implementa-HOtionofXFConOpenVMS,youcanusethecommandSHOWCO MEMORY/CACHEtoseenodisksreportedinfullXFCLO>mode;alldisksshownwillbelistedin``VIOC CompatableOMode''.Z0COIfyouhavetheOpenVMSsystem parameter VCC_FLAGSMOsetto2andareusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1orlater,orFO5areusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3withthe VMS73_XFCV2.0LOECOkitorlaterorwiththeUPDATEkits,youareusingOXFC.C KOAnother confusion:(theXFCproductversionisandremainsQOV1.0inallreleasedconfigurations,pleasedonotconfusetheHO5internalXFCproductversion (displayedbyvariouscom-LOmands)withtheversionnumber associatedwiththevariousNOECOkit(s).)XFCV1.0doesnotpermitvolumestoenterfullNO>XFCcaching,as displayedbythe``VolsinFullXFCmode''togetthecommandlineanddothemanualparse.T*OSeealso}Section8.1.*}F|?! `DO10.4CHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina'( variable?JOUsethe SYS$PUTMSGsystemservicewithanactionroutineSOthatstoresthemessageline(s)inthevariableofyourchoice.PO^Besuretheactionroutinereturnsa"false"(lowbitclear)MOfunctionvaluesothat SYS$PUTMSGdoesn'tthentrytodis-QOplaythemessage(unlessyouwantitto.))Seethe descriptionHOhof$PUTMSGintheSystemServices ReferenceManualfor6Oanexampleofusinganactionroutine.~d :JO10.6CHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsideaprogram?JOUTheproblemisthat SYS$SETDDIRonlychangesthedefaultPO directory-NOTthedefaultdisk.)Thedefaultdiskisdeter-LOminedbythelogical SYS$DISK.IfyouwanttochangetheIO^defaultdiskwithinaprogram,thencallLIB$SET_LOGICALNOtochangethelogical SYS$DISK.Youwillneedtocallboth=OLIB$SET_LOGICALand SYS$SETDDIRtochangeboth6Ohdefaultdiskandthedefault directory!xG IO10.7CHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa shareable'(imageonAlpha?5OYou need to add SYMBOL_VECTOR=(=PSECT)toyouroptionsfile.,OnOpenVMSVAXGO^all OVR/REL/GBLpsectswere automaticallyexportedintoFOthe shareableimage'sGlobalSymbolTable.+OnOpenVMSROAlphayouhavetotellthelinkerthatyouwantthisdoneby@OhmeansofthePSECTkeywordinthe SYMBOL_VECTOR#Ooptionsfile statement.! rJOThishasseveral advantagesoverOpenVMSVAX.First,youKOdon'thavetoworryabouttheaddressofthepsectwhenOO5youtrytocreateanew,upwardly compatibleversionoftheQO shareableimage.'Second,youcancontrolwhichpsects,ifany,=Oaremadevisibleoutsidethe shareableimage.! 5EOBydefault,COMMONPSECTsinHPFortranforOpenVMSGOAlpha(aswellasmostotherOpenVMSAlpha compilers)HO5areNOSHR.OnVAX,thedefaultwasSHRwhichrequiredKOyoutochangethe attributetoNOSHRifyouwantedyourIOCOMMONtobeina shareableimagebutnot write-sharedQO>byall processesonthesystem.'Ifyoudowantwrite-sharing,Ouse:'OCDEC$%PSECT%common-name=SHR NPOintheFortransourcecode(theCDEC$mustbebeginincol-JOumn1)oralinkeroptionsfile PSECT_ATTR statementto6O5settheCOMMONPSECT attributetoSHR.i??OForfurther information,seetheLinkermanual.TBFO10.8CHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating'(data?DOInOpenVMSV6.1andlater,theroutine CVT$CONVERT_AOFLOATis documentedintheLIB$Run-TimeLibraryIO^ ReferenceManual,andcanperformfloatingpointconver-LOsionsbetweenanytwoofthe followingfloating datatypes:IOVAX (F,D,G,H), little-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),EOh big-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),CRAYandIBMO System\370,etc.v LHOHPFortran(allOpenVMS platforms)hasafeaturewhichKOwillperform automatic conversionof unformatteddatadur-LO5inginputoroutput.)SeetheHPFortran documentationforJO informationon "non-nativedatainI/O"andtheCONVERT=#OOPEN statementkeyword.uHOTherearefloating-point conversionsourcecodepackages-O availableforvarious platforms.mCCOForfurtherfloating-pointrelated information,see:vL `mAm7http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/ieee.zipE EO10.9CHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran'(routine?DOOnVAX,many programmerswoulduseaMACROroutinePOwhichaccessedtheAPregisterofthecallertogetthead-KO^dressoftheargumentlistandhencetheargumentcount.LOThiswasnot guaranteedtoworkonVAX,butusuallydid.NOHowever,itdoesn'tworkatallonOpenVMSAlpha,asthereMOhisnoAP register.*OnAlphasystems,youmustusealan-NOguage'sbuilt-infunctiontoretrievetheargumentcount,ifMOany.(InFortranthisis IARGCOUNT,whichisalso available-OrinDECFortranonOpenVMSVAX.JONotethatomitting argumentstoFortranroutinesisnon-MOstandardandis unsupported.)Itwillworkinmanycases-LO5readtheDECFortranreleasenotesfor additionalinforma-Otion. )HO10.11CWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSSR(image?KO ExecutablecodeinOpenVMS typicallyresidesinanimage-OOanimageisafile-thefile extensionis typically .EXE-thatHO^containsthiscode.,Commontypesofimagesincludeex-EOecutableimages, shareableimages,systemimages,and$O protected(UWSS)images. dJO Executableimagesareprogramsthatcanbedirectlyexe-LOcuted.(Theseimagescangrantenhanced privileges,withanIO5INSTALLoftheimagewith /PRIVILEGE,orcangranten-POhancedaccesswiththe specificationofa subsystem identifier5OontheACL associatedwiththeimage.! asMO Shareableimagescontaincodeexecuted indirectly,theseim-GOagesare referencedfrom executableimagesand/orfromHO5other shareableimages.,Theseimagescannotgranten-FOhanced privileges,evenwiththeuseofINSTALLwithJO /PRIVILEGEora subsystem identifier.(These shareableim-KO>agescanbe dynamically activated(aLINKthatoccursat>O run-time)viatheLIB$FIND_IMAGE_SYMBOLrun-timeOOlibrary(RTL)routine.&(See `protectedimages'for information/OHon `privileged shareable images'.) NLOSystemimagesareintendedtorundirectlyontheVAXorLOAlphahardware-thesearenormallyusedforthekernelcode1O5that comprisesan operatingsystem.! GO Protected images-alsoreferedtoas User-WrittenSystemLOServices(UWSS),oras privileged shareable images-aresim-PO5iliarinsomewaystoastandard shareableimages,buttheseLOimagesincludea`changemode'handler,andexecuteinanKO`inner' processormode (privilegedmode; executiveorker-NO>nel),andcode executingininnermodeshasimplicitSETPRVFO privilege.)Mustbe INSTALLedwith /PROTECT.NotethatMO inner-modecodehas restrictionsaroundcallinglibraryrou-JOHtines,aroundcallingvarioussystem services,andaroundNOcallingcodelocatedinother protectedor shareableimages.^ 4LOLoadableimagesanddevicedriversareimagesthatcanbeIOusedtoaddcodeintotheOpenVMSkernel.* Pseudo-deviceMO5driversarea particularly convenientwaytoadd executableJOcode,with associateddriver-defineddata structures,intoKOthekernel.(The pseudo-devicedriverincludestheUCBandPO>DDBdata structures,andacalling interfacewithsupportforQOboth privilegedand unprivilegedaccesstothedrivercodeviaO sys$qio[w]calls. oIOAcookbookapproachtocreatingOpenVMS shareableimages&Ois availableattheURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?0! )AO10.12CHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?LOUThereareseveraloptions availableforcopyingfilesfromOOwithinaprogram.'Obviouschoicesincludeusing lib$spawn( ),MOsystem( ), sys$sndjbc( )or sys$creprc( )toinvokeaDCLEO^COPYcommand.)Othercommon alternativesincludeusingIOthecallableconvertroutinesandtheBACKUP application5O programming interface(V7.1andlater).k))O10.13CWhatisa descriptor?SOUA descriptorisadata structurethat describesastringoranJOarray.*Each descriptorcontains informationthat describesQOthetypeofthedatabeing referenced,thesizeofthedata,OO^andtheaddressofthedata.,Italsoincludesa descriptionROofthestorageusedforthedata, typicallystaticordynamic.2O Descriptorsarepassedby reference. vNOThe followingareexamplesofcreatingandusing descriptorsROinC,withtheuseoftheanglebracketsnormallyexpectedbyOO5theCinclude statements deliberatelyalteredin deferencetoOHTML:#include% {descrip.h}$Z#include%{lib$routines.h}#include% {stsdef.h}int&RetStat;2char%TxtBuf[TXTSIZ].zstruct&dsc$descriptor& StaticDsc%=9/{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_S,&NULL%};+ struct&dsc$descriptor&DynDsc%=9/R{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_D,&NULL%};!int& DynDscLen%=&255;< $DESCRIPTOR(& ConstDsc,%"This%is%a&string"%);<K/*%finish&setting%up%a%static% descriptor%*/,StaticDsc.dsc$w_length=%TXTSIZ;8StaticDsc.dsc$a_pointer=%(void%*)%TxtBuf;=D/*%finish&setting%up%a%dynamic& descriptor%*/=RetStat%=& lib$sget1_dd(% &DynDscLen,%&DynDsc%);5if%(%!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat%)&)/return%RetStat;0/*%release%the%dynamic%storage&*/1RetStat%=&lib$sfree1_dd(&&DynDsc%);1if%(!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat&))/]return%RetStat; ULOStatic descriptors referencestorageentirelyunderapplica-POtionprogramcontrol,andthecontentsofthe descriptordataMO5 structurecanbemodifiedasrequired(bythe application).OOOpenVMSroutinesdonotmodifythecontentsofastaticde-SO scriptor,nordotheyaltertheaddressorlengthvaluesstoredRO>inthestatic descriptor.*(Theterm"static"referstothede-MOscriptordata structure,andnot necessarilytothestorage+O referencedbythe descriptor.)`6KODynamic descriptors referencestorageunderthecontrolofJOtherun-timelibrary,andthecontentsofadynamicde-MO5scriptordatastructure-onceinitialized-canonlybemodifiedHOundercontrolofrun-timelibrary routines.+ThedynamicJOstorage referencedbythedynamic descriptoris allocatedIO>and maintainedbytherun-timelibrary routines.+VariousJOOpenVMSroutinesdoalterthecontentsofthe descriptorLOdata structure,changingthevaluefortheamountandtheMOHaddressofthestorage associatedwiththedynamicdescrip-POtor,as required.(Routinescan obviouslyaccessandaltertheFOcontentsofthestorage referencedbythe descriptor.WFOOpenVMS languagesthatincludesupportforstringsorKOarraysareexpectedtouse descriptorsforthe particularGO5 structure.)MostOpenVMS languages,suchasFortranandIOBASIC,use descriptorsentirelytransparently.,Some,likeHODECC,requirethe programmerto explicitlycreateand$O>maintainthe descriptor.NGOForfurther informationonstring descriptors,seethe(OOpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts 4manual,partofthe&O5OpenVMS documentationset.! NOOFortrandefaultstopassingintegersby referenceandcharac-POtersby descriptor.'The followingsitesdiscussmixingFortran;O5andCsourcecodeinthesame application: ^ `m;m1http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_ C_CALL.COM `E:E0ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_C_CALL.COM )?O10.14CHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanotherR( username?NOManyserver processescanoperatewithinthecontextoftheNOtargetuserusing privileges,usingcallssuchas sys$chkproHO^and(morecommonlyinthiscontext)sys$check_accessasKOneededto determineifaccesswouldbe permittedfortheAO specifieduserwithinthecurrentsecuritymodel.4  JOWithOpenVMSV6.2andlater,thepersonasystemservicesO (SYS$PERSONA_ *=)canbeusedtoassumethepersonaofthePO5 specified user-theseallowtheservertooperateasthespec-POifieduser,ina controlledfashion.)ThepersonaservicescanNObeusedasa "wrapper"arounda sys$creprcprocesscreationSO>call,as well-thiswillcreateaseperateprocessentirelyunder Otheassumedpersona.rHKO InformationonthepersonasystemservicesisincludedinIOtheOpenVMSV6.2newfeaturesdocumentation,andintheEO5OpenVMSV7.1andlatersystemservicesdocumentation.JOThesesystemservicesexistandare supportedinOpenVMS%OV6.2andlater releases.dHOTypical mechanismsforcreatingaprocessunderanotherOusernameinclude: `mGmpersonnaservicesarounda sys$creprccall.&Seeabove. `DviaDECnet task-to-task,usingexplicit specificationDEofusernameand password,orusingaDECnetproxy.HThiscreatesa network-modejobunderthetargetuser.BThe network-modejobmightdolittlemorethanaCO RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinvia task-to-task-D task-to-taskcommunicationsarefully availableusingCstrictly DCL-to-DCL processing,orusingacompiled$YlanguageandDCL,etc.) `< SUBMIT/USER,ortheusernameargumentontheJ0 sys$sndjbccall.(Thiscreatesa batch-modejobundertheG specified username.*The batch-modejobmightdolittleFmorethana RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinviaa: parameter. `DtheUICargumentonthe sys$creprccall.+Thismim-MicstheUICofthetargetuser,andis certainlynotthe/jprefered mechanismforthistask. `"Viapseudo-terminals...xIOTherearelikelyafewother mechanisms around...+ThereJOarevarioustools availablefromDECUSandothersourcesJO5thatallowvariousformsofuserimpersonation,aswell.KOThesetoolswillrequireversion-dependentkernelcodeandPOenhanced privilegesforsomeof(orallof)their operations.! 2HO10.15CWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetachedR( processes?HOThe processingwithinrun-timelibrary(RTL)callssuchJOas lib$attach,lib$disable_ctrl,lib$do_command, lib$enable_MO^ctrl,lib$get_symbol,lib$run_program,lib$set_symbol,lib$set_QOlogical,and lib$spawn,is dependentonandrequiresthepres-MOenceofacommandlanguage interpreter(CLI),suchasDCL.LOhWithoutaCLIpresentinthecurrentprocess,thesecallsPOwillfailwitha"NOCLI,noCLIpresenttoperform function"Oerror.sIIODetached processes typicallydonothaveaCLIpresent. gQOInplaceof lib$spawn, sys$creprccanoftenbeused.&Thecon-NOtextoftheparentprocess(symbolsandlogicalnames)willJO5notbe propogatedintothe subprocesswhen sys$creprcisROused,thoughwhenthereisnoCLIpresentintheprocessthis,O(lackof) propogationismoot. fMOTocreateadetachedprocesswithaCLI,youmustspecifyHOLOGINOUTasthetargetimageas discussed elsewhereinRO5theFAQ,oronlyusethesecalls(andanyothercallsrequir-POingaCLI)fromimagesthatarerunninginan"interactive",/O"batch",or"other"modeprocess.3  QOAlsonotethatthe lib$spawnandtheCsystemcallwillfailLOinaCAPTIVElogin environment.(The lib$spawncallcanbeOO5gottentoworkinthis environmentwiththe specificationofOtheTRUSTEDflag. HO10.16CWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesandR( supportingfiles?JOTheBlisslanguage compilersand documentationareavail-:OableontheOpenVMSFreewaredistributions.zOOBlisslanguagesourcecodethatcontainsthe followingstate-Oment:-aLIBRARY%'SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.L32';NQOorsimilarrequiresthepresenceoftheBliss libraries.)TheseRO librariesarecreatedonthetargetsystemusingtheBlissre-QO5quirefiles,andarebuiltusingthe followingBliss commands:iFO STARLET.L32containsthepublic interfacestoOpenVMS:>$%BLISS%'/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L32%-!zPSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQLOLIB.L32containsboththepublicandprivate interfacestoOOpenVMS::a$%BLISS%#/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L32%-5z+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.REQ+SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQ?COThe equivilentfilesforBliss64arecreatedwith:<$%,BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L64%-5zP+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.R64+STARLET.REQ+STARLET.R64@$%0BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L64%-!zSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.R64 GOSomeBlisscodemayalsorequiretheOpenVMSVAXar-QO chitectureflags.)The followingisthe equivilentoftheAlpha O5 ARCH_DEFS.REQmodule: O!JO!&This%is%the&OpenVMS%VAX&version%of%ARCH_DEFS.REQ,%andJOI!&contains&the% architectural& definitions&for% conditionallyLO!& compiling%OpenVMS&Bliss&sources%for&use%on%VAX%systems.LO!&(If%you%should& encounter% compilation%errors%here,%pleaseDO!!& seriously%consider% upgrading%your%Bliss% compiler.) Oi! OMACRO%VAXPAGE&=%1%; OMACRO%BIGPAGE&=%0%; OA!OMACRO%VAX%=*!%=%1&if&compiled& BLISS/VAXCz%BLISS(BLISS32V)%;!%=%0&if&not%compiled% BLISS/VAXO:MACRO%EVAX&=A:!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*& (Obsolete,%old&name)Wz(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%ALPHA%=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*&(New%arch%name)Wz3(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%IA64&=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/I*&(New%arch%name)[z(%BLISS(BLISS32I)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64I))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%or%/AnnOMMACRO% ADDRESSBITS%=z %BPADDR%;5!%=%32%or%64%based%on%compiler%used8KOSomeBlisscodemayrequirethe definitionfilesfortheFOOpenVMSolderLIBRTLroutine lib$tparse,orthenewer O5lib$table_parsecall:=$%BLISS%&/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]TPAMAC.L32%- zSYS$LIBRARY:TPAMAC.REQy wOAO10.17CHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?UOUWhencreatingafile,itisoftenusefultoallowotherapplica-OOtionsandutilities-suchasTYPE-tosharereadaccesstotheWOfile.'Thispermitsyoutoexaminethecontentsofalogfile,forO^ instance.NJOACsourceexamplethat demonstrateshowtodothisisJO availableintopic(2867)intheOpenVMSAskTheWizardO5area:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?NMO Dependingonthe environment,youmayneedtouseCcallsOOsuchasfsyncandfflush,and-inspecific cases-the setvbuf(_O5IONBF)call.! <gCO10.18CHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,R( constants?JOUsetheGNMtoolsontheOpenVMSFreewaretohavecom-IOmonsourcesforMSG (message)filesandSDML (Document)@O^ documentationfiles.,UsetheDOCUMENTcommandtoGOconverttheSDML documentationintothe necessaryfor-HOmats(Text, Postscript,HTML,etc).(Usethe MESSAGE/SDLPOhtool(latentinOpenVMS)tocreateanSDLfilebasedontheLO messages.'ThenusetheSDLtool (availableontheOpenVMSOO Freeware)toconverttheSDLfileintolanguage-specificdef-MOr initions.+(Thereisalsoa converteraroundtoconvertSDLROintoSDML,ifyouwanttogetpicturesofthedata structures$O#foryourdocumentation.)I/RGO10.19CHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfromanR( application?$O#include%{lib$routines.h}O#include% {ssdef.h}O-#include% {string.h}Omain() {*&char%ascic_debug_commands[128];3nchar%*dbgcmd&=%"*show&calls;go;exit";4strcpy(%ascic_debug_commands,%dbgcmd&);Gascic_debug_commands[0]%=%(char)%strlen(%dbgcmd%)%-&1;7-lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG,1,ascic_debug_commands);return&1; 9}= ,O10.20CDealingwith Endian-ness?AOUOpenVMSonVAX,OpenVMSonAlphaandOpenVMSonNOIntelIA-64 platforms(aswellasall MicrosoftWindowsim-JO plementationsand platforms)allsupportandallusetheIO^ little-endianbyte ordering.*CertainAlphamicroprocessorsKOandcertainIntelItanium processorscanbe configuredtoIOoperatein big-endianand potentiallyin bi-endianmode.1OhHP-UX typicallyoperates big-endian.! ^NOWith little-endianbyteorder,theleast significantbyteisOOalwaysthefirstbyte;thebyteatthelowestaddress.+WithPO5 big-endianbyte ordering,thebytestorageorderinmemoryisQO dependentonthesizeofthedata(byte,word, longword)that Oisbeing referenced.! WJO Endian-nessisaproblemhasbeensolvedmanytimesbe-MOfore.+Someofthetypical solutionsinclude htonl/htonsandPO5 ntohl/ntohsinthestandardClibraryandtheTCP/IPServicesIOXDR (eXternalDataRepresentation) libraries.*OneoftheKOmorerecently introducednetworkformats,andonethatisGO>seeing extensivepressand marketing coverage,isXML.N! );O10.21CHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?EOUThemessageLINK-I-DATMISCHisinformational,andin-ROdicatesthattheversionofthe specified shareableimagefoundMOinthesystem shareableimage directorydoesnotmatchtheKO^versionofthe shareableimagethatwas originallyloadedJOinto IMAGELIB.OLB,oneoftheOpenVMS libraries typically$OsearchedbytheLINKER. zGOFroma privileged username,youcanusually completely:Orepairthisviathe followingDCLcommand:NOa$&LIB/REPLACE/SHARE&SYS$LIBRARY:IMAGELIB.OLB%SYS$SHARE:LIBRTL.EXE9 COThiscommandassumesthatthe shareableimagethatHOwasfoundinthe SYS$SHARE:areaisvalidandupward-OO5 compatiable,andthattheimagehassimplyreplacedanolder5Oversionwithoutalsoupdating IMAGELIB.! 2BO10.23CStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?GOU DECthreadsV7.3andtheHPCcompiler(alsoknownasNOCompaqCandDECC)V6.4are presentlyexpectedtobethePOlastupdatesandthelastreleasesofthese developmentpack-HO^agesforuseonOpenVMSVAX.Therun-timesupportforEOboth DECthreads (CMA$RTL)andforC (DECC$CRTL)willSOcontinuetobe maintained,andwillcontinuetobe availableonIOhOpenVMSVAX.TheVAXCV3.2compileristhefinalVAXJOCcompilerreleaseforOpenVMSVAX,andtheVAXCRun-LOTimeLibrary (VAXCRTL)willalsocontinuetobe available.NFONew developmentandnewfeaturesandproductenhance-FOmentscontinuefortheOpenVMSAlphaandtheOpenVMS/O5IA-64 DECthreadsandC compilers. r5OTable11-1:7XWindowsDisplayCommands O OFShellFCommand Ob  Ocsh,$#setenvDISPLAYvms.domain:0.0Oshandksh:#$DISPLAY=vms.domain:0.0;exportDISPLAY ODCL3 $SETDISPLAY/CREATE/NODE=vms.domain-6X,/TRANSPORT=TCPIP/SERVER=server/SCREEN=screen O ]C%O 11.2 DECwindows^%4GO11.3CHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOWDISPLAY'(intoasymbol?usingtheDCLsymboldecw$start_new_desktopinthe@O DECwindowsprivate applicationsetupcommandpro-6Ocedure..SeeSYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_FOHSETUP.TEMPLATEforfurtherdetails,andhowtocreate&ODECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COM.DWGONotethatwith DECwindowsCDE,therootwindowisnoNOlongervisiblebydefault.)TherootwindowishiddenbehindHO5the "backdrop"windowofthecurrentCDE workspace.*ToJOmaketherootwindowvisible,usetheCDEstylemanagerMO selection "backdropnone",anduse informationsuchasthatintheOpenVMSFAQtosettherootwindow.E kGOToaddanewbackdroptothe DECwindowsCDEenviron-QOment,thebackdropmustfirstbeinorbe convertedintoX11OO5pixmapformat.((This conversionisoftenpossibleusingtoolsOOsuchasxv.))Then(if necessary)createthedefaultbackdrop>O directory)SYS$COMMON:[CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.BACKDROPS].NO>PlacetheX11pixmapfile containingthedesiredimageintoPOthe backdrops directory,ensurethatithasafilenameexten-OOsionof.PM.(Thexvdefaultfilename extensionfortheX11ROHpixmapfileis.XPM,whileCDEexpectsonlytoseefileswithKO.PM.)NowinvoketheCDEstylemanagerandselectanewQO backdrop.(Youwillfindyourimagewillbeplacedattheend2ORofthelistof backdrops available. %FCO11.9CWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?EOUYes,XtAppAddInput( )doesworkonOpenVMS.TheMITLO definitionoftheXWindowscallXtAppAddInput( )includes'Oplatform-specific arguments. G NMOOn platformswhereCisthe typicallytheprimaryprogram-NOminglanguageforthe platform,thefile descriptormaskisDO5oneofthe argumentstotheXtAppAddInput( )call.H aIOOnOpenVMS,theplatform-specific argumentstothiscallOOincludeaneventflagandanIOSB,asthesearethetradi-JO5tionalOpenVMS constructsusedto synchronizethecomple-OOtionof asynchronous operations.)WhileitwouldbeeasiertoJOport non-OpenVMSCcodethatcallsXtAppAddInput( )overKO>toOpenVMSifthe argumentsincludedtheCfiledescrip-LOtor,thiswouldmakethecallunusablefromotherOpenVMSIO languages,andwouldmakeit extremely difficulttouseAOHOpenVMSfeaturessuchasASTsandsys$qiocalls.qI! GQOOne restrictionontheeventflag:(theeventflagchosenmustNObefromeventflagclusterzero.)Whenusingthe traditionalSO5 lib$get_efand lib$free_efcallstoallocateand deallocateeventUOflags,youmustfirst explicitlycall lib$free_eftofreeupsomePOeventflagsineventflagclusterzero.+PleaseseetheeventQO>flag documentationforspecificdetailsonthesecallsandforPOspecificeventflagsthatcanbefreedineventflagclusterOzero.,J QOHereissomeexamplecodethatcoverscallingthisroutineonOOpenVMS:'a m->InputID%=&XtAppAddInput(z m->AppCtx,z m->InputEF,z9 m->InputIosb,z the_callback,%1%);(if%(%!((int)& m->InputID%)) z{zYXtAppErrorMsg( m->AppCtx,"invalidDevice",0"XtAppAddInput",x"XtToolkitError",""Can't%Access&Device",(String&*)&NULL,!P (Cardinal%*)%NULL%); z...K! ?O11.10CWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovetheR( DECwindowscursor?MOCongratulations,youhavejuststumbledinto``deadrodent''COmode.)This DECwindowsenvironment-wherethekeyboardKO^arrowkeysmovethemousecursorandwherethe [SELECT],JO[PREV],and[NEXT]keysemulatethethreemousebuttons-GOallows rudimentarysystem operationswhenthemouseis!Ohamongthe casualties.L NOToenterorexit``deadrodent''mode,enterthe following: O: OT CTRL/SHIFT/F3 T O: JR  ?O11.12C%DECW-W-NODEVICE,NographicsdevicefoundR(onthissystem?-OToresolvethe followingerror:JO2%DECW-W-NODEVICE,%No%graphics%device%found%on%this%systemOOz-DECW-I-NODECW,% DECwindows%graphics%drivers&will%not&be&loadednS$D `m=mEnsurethatthesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMWissetto1.)Ifitisnotsettoavalueof1,issuethecom-mands:#$&run%sys$system:sysgenUSE%CURRENT3SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%1{WRITE%ACTIVEWRITE%CURRENT EXITT6 /$WThenrebootthesystem. `>OnOpenVMSAlpha,ensuretheSYSMANIOPREFIXJ/LISTisset correctly,and specificallyensuretheDECW$Uprefixisincludedintheexistinglist.)Ifitisnot,youwillneedtoaddit:#e$&run%sys$system:sysmanIO%SHOW&PREFIXQIO%SET%PREFIX=(DECW$,*)p*%=%list&returned&by&the%show&command=IO%AUTO/LOGEXIT `;EnsurethattheimageSYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM.EXEU]is installedinmemory.'Ifitisnot installed,theninstallit:4$&INSTALL% LIST/FULL&SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM2)$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM+q$&EDIT%SYS$MANAGER:SYCONFIG.COM;$!%The% following&line%was&added&to&install7>$!%support&for%the%Mach64&Graphics&Card $!2$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM$&^ZNUp$$WThenrebootthesystem.*VGWTheICBM mechanismisnotusedonandnotneededby-morerecent DECwindows versions. `/@/Ifthesystemstill complains``%DECW-W-NODEVICE,ANographicsdevicefoundonthis system'',then:LW 7" h'YhBootthesystemasnormal YLoginasSYSTEM. f:YfCreatethefileSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$USER_:YAUTOCONFIG.DAT. ProtectionmustpermitworldYreadaccess. BYAddthe followingstringontheveryfirstline:#Y CLEAR_PFLAG&=% ISA_4BYTE YSavethefile %YSetthefile protectionsGY$%SET&PROTECTION=W:RE%$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$USER_AUTOCONFIG.DAT YRebootthesystemUX+OAlsosee}Section11.6.*X}F?.  Y@O11.13CHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?;OUWith! DECwindows CDE drivers!and ECOs start-AOingwithECOsforthe DECwindowskeyboarddriversetting (keyclickisnot availableinaPC-style keyboard)andMOthebellvolumesettingtocontrolthepitchand duration.=^ KO DECwindowsCDEdoesprovideslidersforsettingpitchandGO duration,sothekeyboarddriverandXWindowsServerKO5weremodifiedtoprovideallofthe information,andnowEOthe DECwindowsCDEsliderswork.,Thischangeisun-JO fortunately incompatiblewiththeoldschemeusedontheJO>pre-CDE desktops,andthevolumecontrolsarenowincom-NOpatiblewiththecurrentkeyboarddrivers.)HencetheuseofOxset._DO11.14CHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?POUToselectaseparatebackdroptobe displayedoneachscreen!Ousing DECwindowsCDE:`! 5 `mFmClickonthe ApplicationManager.+Thisisthedrawer&iconontheCDEtoolbar. `E#EClickonDesktopTools `MClickonSetDefaultScreenandselecttherequiredscreen `DIDClickontheStyleManager.*Thisistheone containing5themouseandtttontheCDEtoolbar `'Nowchangethe background.Q7a!  HO11.15CHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP TransportAOUTo configuretheTCP/IP transportfor DECwindows,KOfirstensurethataTCP/IPpackageis installedandcon-=Ofigured.0ThensettheDCLsymbol DECW$SERVER_3O^ TRANSPORTSinSYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_FOSERVER_SETUP.COMtothe appropriatelocalvalue,basedQOonthecommentsinthatfile.+Ifyoudonothaveacopyof4Oh*SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,POtheusethe followingCOPYcommandtocreatethisfilebased,Oontheprovidedtemplatefile:DO$&COPY%.SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.TEMPLATE%->O$_%0SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMmSb%))O 12.2 Miscellaneous! Information8c JO12.1CWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol'( sequences?NO Informationonescapeandcontrol sequencescanbefoundin Othe1OpenVMSI/OUser's ReferenceManual,inthechapterOO^ontheterminaldriver.)ThechapteralsoincludesdetailsonCOthegeneralformatandcontentofthese sequences.d zPOSpecificdetailsontheescapeandcontrol sequences supportedRObya particularserialdeviceare typicallyfoundinthedocu-LO5 mentationprovidedwiththespecificdevice.( InformationonFOthe sequences supportedby DECwindowsDECtermterminalFOemulatorareincludedinthe DECwindowsdocumentation.e@OExamplesofcommonescapeandcontrol sequences-COthose typicallyusedbytheOpenVMSscreenmanage-FO5ment package-canbefoundintheOpenVMSsystemfile"OSYS$SYSTEM:SMGTERMS.TXT.f MOThe followingreferstothefunctionkeysonthe LK-seriesHO keyboardsfoundonthe VT-series terminalssuchastheLO5VT220andVT510,andthe LK-series keyboardsfoundontheFOOpenVMS workstations,andthe keyboardsfoundoncom-OOpatible terminals.)(Thoughnotethatthekeyboarditselfdoes O>notE>generatethe sequence,theterminalorterminalemu-NOlator generatesthesequenceinresponsetouserinput.)*InPOthe following,{CSI}isdecimalcode155andcanbereplacedKOHbythesequence"{ESC}["(withoutthequotes) particularlyPOfor seven-bit operations,SS3isdecimalcode143andcanbeKOreplacedby"{ESC}O" particularlyfor seven-bit operations.LOROlderVT1xxseries terminalsandanyother terminalsoper-NOatingwith seven-bit charactersshouldnotbesent eight-bit1O operatorssuchas{CSI}and{SS3}.8O PF1={SS3}P& PF2={SS3}Q% PF3={SS3}R% PF4={SS3}SPO KP0={SS3}p& KP1={SS3}q% KP2={SS3}r% KP3={SS3}s& KP4={SS3}t% KP5={SS3}uXO KP6={SS3}v& KP7={SS3}w% KP8={SS3}x% KP9={SS3}y&KPCOMMA={SS3}l&KPMINUS={SS3}mWO_KPPERIOD={SS3}n% ENTER={SS3}M&DNARROW={CSI}B&UPARROW={CSI}A&LFARROW={CSI}DVORTARROW={CSI}C% FIND={CSI}1~%INSERT={CSI}2~%REMOVE={CSI}3~%SELECT={CSI}4~XO PREV={CSI}5~% NEXT={CSI}6~& F6={CSI}17~& F7={CSI}18~& F8={CSI}19~& F9={CSI}20~NO7 F10={CSI}21~% F11={CSI}23~& F12={CSI}24~% F13={CSI}25~% F14={CSI}26~\O HELP={CSI}28~& DO={CSI}29~& F17={CSI}31~% F18={CSI}32~% F19={CSI}33~& F20={CSI}34~<gFOAnexampleofworkingwithescape sequences(inDCL)Ofollows:Oa$&esc5m&=%"*[5m"O$& esc5m[0,8]%=%27O$&esc0m&=%"*[0m"O9$& esc0m[0,8]%=%27DO$&write& sys$output%esc5m%+% "blinking%text"%+%esc0mh xMO DocumentationonanANSIterminal relativelysimilartothe+OVT525seriesis availableat:i `m>m4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_prog/ `>4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_user/xj NNOAlsoseethevarious documentationandmanuals availableat:Tk* `mmhttp://www.vt100.net/l [NO InformationontheReGISgraphics charactersetis available Oat:mY `m<m2http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_regis_news.txt9nOAlso:jo@ `m5m+http://www.boundless.com/Text_Terminals/VT/mpCOAlsosee}Section11.7,LSection8.11.*p}F?9*pLF?;tqqGGO12.2CDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel'(port?HOTheparallelprintingportLRA0:)foundonmanyOpenVMSHOAlphasystemsiscapableofsome bidirectionalcommuni-NO^cations,withenoughforbasic operationswithmostparallelO printers.r! NJODECprint(DCPS)requiresmorethanjustthesimplehand-NOshakingprovidedbytheLRA0:'port, thereforeDCPSdoesnot'O5workwiththeLRA0:'port.) sKO12.3CHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?GOUYoucannotknowforcertain,thoughyoucan certainly-Oestimatethe remaining capacity.t _LOTapemediais differentthandiskmedia,asdiskshaveaEOknownandpre-determinedfixed capacity.+ModerndisksOO5alsoappear logicallyperfect,basedonbadblock revectoringPOsupportandtheextrablockshiddenwithinthedisk structure/Oforthesebadblock replacements.u! NOThecapacityoftapemediaisnotnearlyaspre-determined,GOandthecapacitycanvaryacross differenttapemediaLO5 (slightly differentmedialengthsor differentfoilmarkersQOorother variations,for instance)andevenonthesamemediaPOovertime(asbadspotsinthemediaarise).)TapescanvaryJO>theamountof recordingmedia required, dependingontheOO remaininglengthofthetape,thenumbersof correctableandIO uncorrectablemediaerrorsthatmightoccur,thenumbersMOHandsizesofthe inter-recordgapsandrelatedtapestruc-KOture overhead,the particularmediaerrorrecoverychosen,OOthetapedensity,the efficientlyofanydata compressioninMORuse,andthestorageoverheadrequiredbyBACKUP,tar,and#Oothersimilar commands. v! NLOBACKUPusingwiththedefaultsettingsresultsinapproxi-OOmately15% overhead,intermsofsavesetsize.'(eg:&AssumingDO5a500KBinput,thetotalsizewouldbe575KB.)wb$OAssumingno compression:>O4GBmedia/575KBsaveset=7294savesetsxd%OAssuming1:2 compression:?O8GBmedia/575KBsaveset=14588savesetsyarKONote:(Thereareno inter-recordgapsonDATtapes.((WhenMO determiningmedia capacity,youhavetoconsiderthesewithGO5 nine-trackmagtapemedia.(NotwithDAT(DDS).However,JOtheblock structure underneaththevariablelengthrecordQO recordingisbasedonablocksizeofcirca124KB.Further,MO>writingdoubles filemarksandsuchcancausealossofupOOtothe underlyingblocksize.)ThuseventhoughtherearenoMO inter-recordgapsonDAT,largersavesetsarestillusuallyOHbest.z! gMOThe compression algorithmsusedonvariousdevicesaregen-MOerallynotdocumented-further,thereisnowayto calculateOO5the effectivedata compressionratio,thetapemark overhead,ROandsimilargivenjustthedatatobestoredon tape-shortof,Oactuallytryingit,ofcourse.{wKOAtypical compressionratiofoundwith "everyday"datais,O somewherearound1:1.8to1:2.|N parameter specifiedas PSL$C_SUPER.! NMOAlternatively,youcanresetmodeinthecallstackreturnOOpathandunwindfrom executiveorkerneloutinto supervisorO5mode.  $ :O12.5C CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?AOUIfyouhavemultipleLMF$LICENSE.LDB databasesinDOyourOpenVMSCluster,theneachandeveryPAKmustMObe installedineachandeverylicensedatabasepresentinAO^anOpenVMSCluster./Evenifyouuse/EXCLUDEorNO /INCLUDE,youneedtohavea consistentsetofPAKsregis-MOteredacrossall licensing databasespresentintheOpenVMSOhCluster. ROIfyoursoftwarelicensepermitsit,youcanusethe following5OtwocommandstotransferlicensePAKs:Oa$&LICENSE%COPY...>O$&LICENSE%ISSUE/PROCEDURE/OUTPUT=file& product,...Pb&MOTodisplaythe particular license(s)required(suchaswhenGOyoureceivea NOLICENSEerror),usethe followingDCLO5 sequence:'O$&SET%PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=ALLO$& REPLY/ENABLE?OI$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGEWPOThislogicalnamewillcausealllicensefailurestogenerateHOOPCOM messages,andthiswill hopefullyshowwhichli-OO5cense(s)youneed-theremaywellalsobe additionallicenseKOfailures displayed,asvariousproductscancheckforandMOcanbeenabledbymultiplelicensePAKs.+Youwillwantto4O>deassignthislogicalnamewhendone./! 5OSomeofthemorecommonlicensePAKs:ODECnet%Phase%IV:p DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*P DECnet-Plus:;_P DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*3TCP/IP% Services:pUCX,&or& NET-APP-SUP*AOpenVMS%Alpha: OPENVMS-ALPHA&and%OPENVMS-ALPHA-USER(OpenVMS%VAX:_(VAX-VMS*pOpenVMS%Galaxy:OPENVMS-GALAXY6Cluster%(Alpha):p VMSCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*4Cluster%(VAX): VAXCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*0EOVarious NET-APP-SUP(NAS)licensepackagesareavail-NOable,eachwith differing collectionsofproducts authorized.GO5SeethevariousNASSoftwareProduct Description(SPD),O documentsforspecificdetails.7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.! zROTo determinewhichlicensePAKisfailing(viaalicensecheck7OfailureOPCOM message),usethecommand:EOa$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE%TRUE jLORealizethatdefiningthislogicalnamewillcauselicenseLOchecksthatare otherwisehidden(unimplemented,latent,orWO5partofacheckforanyofaseriesof licenses)tobecomevisi-ROble.'Inotherwords,expecttoseesomespuriouslicensecheck)Ocallswhenyoudefinethis.yDOFor informationonPAKGENandon generatinglicenseOPAKs,pleaseseeSection10.10.*?pV%,,O 13.2Finding!and!using"SoftwareOi ??O13.2CWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?? VEO13.2.1CPOSIX-compliantversionsofPOSIXroutinesandg( utilitiesKOlex,yacc,grep,tar, uuencode, uudecode,rcs,man,cpio,KOmake,awk,ar,mail,etc.,thePOSIXshell,thePOSIXC'O= programming interface,etc. ! POPOSIX utilitiescanbeusedfromwithinthePOSIXshell,and?OviatheDCL `POSIX/RUNPOSIX$BIN:tool.''command.D ! OOPOSIXisaseparately-installedpackage,andislicensedwithLOOpenVMSV5.5later.)ThePOSIX installationkitisincludedNO5onthe consolidated distributionCD-ROMkit,and installation1Okitsarealso available separately.i ?FOThePOSIXpackageisnolonger supportedonOpenVMS,HO componentsofthePOSIXstandardsuchaspartsoftheEO5POSIXAPIarebeingaddedintoOpenVMS.VersionsofIOPOSIX generallydonotoperateonV7.xOpenVMSVAXand#OOpenVMSAlpha releases. 3O13.2.2CCsystemandlibraryroutinesJO4CommonCsystemandlibraryroutinesarepresentintheJODECCrun-timelibrary,whichis availableforV5.5andSOlater,andisshippedinV6.1andlater.'DECCistheupgradeHO=forVAXC,DECCandVAXCcancoexistonthesameFOsystemOpenVMSVAXsystem,andboth compilerscanbe/Oenabledviathe"C"licensePAK.NJOAlsoseeSYS$EXAMPLES:,and(ifeitheris installed)the=ODECW$EXAMPLES:andTCPIP$EXAMPLES(orpriorto'O5V5.0,UCX$EXAMPLES:)areas.p6O13.2.3CXWindows utilitiesandroutinesJO4VariousXWindows utilitiesare availablefor DECwindows.FO DECwindowsisanimplementationoftheXWindowsen-MO vironmentand libraries,andprovidesvarious libraries,andJO=providesvariousdesktop interfaces, includingCOE,Motif,OandXUI.- FOxwd,xev,mosaicwebbrowser,xrdb,bmtoaandatobm,FOxpr,ico,etc./are available./Lookin DECW$UTILS:inKO5 DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3andlater.'AlsoseeDECW$EXAMPLES:,OforexampleXandC programs.@ DO Miscellaneous tools andexamplesare also available.DOExamplesincludetheolderDWAUTH(XWindowsSYSUAFSO5authorize-liketool)tool,variousversionsofgrep,fgrep,yacc,LOvmstar, uuencode,gawk,etc.'htmltools,themxSMTPmailGOexchangepackage,Xwindowsflight simulator,themxrnEO>Xwindowsnewsreader,theOSUHTTPDWWWserver,aKOWWWgopherbrowser,etc.'areallonthevariousFreewareOdistributions.>O13.2.4CTCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?GO4TCP/IPServices (formerlyknownasUCX)containstoolsKOsuchasping, uuencode,smtp,snmp,rcp,nfs,tnfs,etc.f<COOpenVMSV6.2andlaterincludesDCL-integratedsup-GOportforvariousIPtools,withcommandssuchasSETAO5 HOST/TELNET,and COPY/FTP.This interfacerequiresOOthe installationofanIPstack,andUCXV3.3andlaterasNOwellasanycurrent third-partyIPstackcanbeused.)OnceLO>theIPstackis installedand configured,theDCLcommandEO qualifierssuchas/FTP,/RCP,/RLOGIN,/TELNET,andCO/TN3270are availableonthevariousDCL commands.?OVariousC programmingexamplesinTCPIP$EXAMPLESBOand(onreleasespriortoV5.0)inUCX$EXAMPLES:.'O13.2.5CThevitexteditorXO4vile,vimandelvisareallclonesofthevitexteditor,andallOoperateonOpenVMS.sIIOVersionsofvileare availableontheFreewareandat:mC `m8m.http://www.clark.net/pub/dickey/vile/vile.htmlFOvim:'viimproved[1 `m&mhttp://www.polarfox.com/vim/! %O13.2.6CVariousGNUtoolsJO4 InformationontheGNUonVMS(GNV)Project,whichaimsPOtoportGNUsoftware(bash,flex,bison,etc)toOpenVMS,isO availableat:Z0 `m%mhttp://gnv.sourceforge.net/COSoftwareinfo:b8 `m-m#http://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/F OSoftwarearchive:i!? `m4m*ftp://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/gnu-vms/software/q"GGOVariousGNUtoolsarealso availableonthe Freeware.#!O13.2.6.1BGCCcompilerGO)Amirrorforwork performedattheProGIScompanyinFOGermanyinportingGCC(GNUC)toOpenVMSAlphaand*OOpenVMSVAXis availableat:$ `m-m#ftp://vms.gnu.org/progis_mirror/gcc `3)http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_gnu.htmlx `l+l!ftp://ftp.caltech.edu/pub/rankin/%NIOTherearealsoupdatedheaderfilesforGCConOpenVMSMOVAXthatallowittoworkwithTCP/IPSocketsandtheHPO5CRTLat:e&; `m0m&ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/' mIOTheHPCcompilerandother developmenttoolsarepartCOoftheOpenVMSHobbyist licensingprogramfornon-KO5 commercialusers,andtheseandothertoolsare availableKOto commercial developersviatheHPDSPPpartnerprogram.O(SeeSection2.14&for informationonDSPP.)*'? ^1w47O13.4CWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?KOUJavais availableonandisincludedwithOpenVMSAlpha,JOstartingwiththeOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater releases.IOJavadownloadkitsare availableforOpenVMSAlphaV7.1O^andlater releases.:2! OOJavaisnot availableonOpenVMSVAX.Asforwhy:'theJavaLOlanguage definitionrequiresafloatingpointformat(IEEE)OO5thatisnotnativetoVAX,andthiswouldrequiretheemu-SOlationofallfloatingpoint operationswithinJava applications.POFurther,theCsourcecodeusedto implementforJavaitselfLO>isheavily dependentonpassingIEEEfloatingpointvaluesGOaroundamongthemanyinternal subroutines,andaddingMOsupportforVAXwouldentailchangestotheHPCcompilerFOHforOpenVMSVAX-and specificallytotheVAXVCGcodeJO generatorthatisusedbyHPConOpenVMSVAXsystems-JOinordertoaddsupportforpassing IEEE-formatfloatingNORpointdoublesaround.(Alternatively, extensivechangestothePOJavasourcecodetoremovethe assumptionthatthedoubleis+OanIEEEfloatingpointvalue..3 JOThereare currentlynoplanstomakeaversionofJavaIO availableforOpenVMSVAX.(A prototypeversionofJavaHO5wascreatedforOpenVMSVAX,and performancewasfound)Otobe inadequate.'Atbest.)4NJOIfJava2orother environmentliftsthe requirementsforOOIEEEfloatingpointaspartofthelanguage definition,this'O5decisionmaybe revisited.O5 %OOIfyouarehavingproblemswithDisplay Postscript,youneedLOtoupgradeyourJava kit-1.2.2-3andlaterremovethere-MO5 quirementforDisplay Postcript extensions,andJava1.2.2-3=Oisrequiredwith DECwindowsV1.2-6andlater.6NNOFor additional informationonJavaforAlphasystems,pleaseIOseetheOpenVMS documentation(V7.2andlater),andtheO5 followingsite:j7@ `m5m+http://www.compaq.com/java/alpha/index.htmlK8! !DOHP(Compaq)SecureWebServer(CSWS)includesCSWS_KOJAVA,whichprovidesthe followingApacheTomcat technolo-KO5gies:* JavaServerPages1.1,JavaServlet2.2,andMOD_JK.GO(CSWSisbasedontheApachewebserver.&SeeSOFT1.)9=O13.5C ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?POUIfyouchoosetousetheGETmethod,thentheformdataisBO availableintheDCLsymbol QUERY_STRING,inURL-Oencodedformat.b: +8POIfyouusethePOSTmethod,thenyouneedtoreadtheformKOdatafromstdin.*ForaDCLCGIscriptrunningundertheMO5Netscape FastTrackwebserver,youcanreadthedatausing(Othe followingREADcommand:(O$&READ% SYS$COMMAND%postdataS;))Otoreadthe informationin.< KOThe following describestheuseofDCLcommand procedures8OasCGIscriptswiththeOSUwebserver:=d `m<m2http://www.levitte.org/~ava/cgiscripts_other.htmlxMODCLCGIisalso discussedintheWritingRealProgramsin>OKDCLbook,andintheAskTheWizardwebsite.>N>! $MO13.6CHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?IOUTohaveabatch procedureretrieveitsownbatchentry'Onumber,usethe following:3O2$&Entry&=%F$GETQUI("DISPLAY_ENTRY",%-4z*"entry_number","display_entry","this_job")?WGORememberthattheentrynumbersissuedbytheOpenVMSEOJob Controllerarealwaysopaquelongwordvalues.+Do notKO5assumeyouknowtheformatoftheentrynumber,northeJOrangeofentrynumbersyoumightsee,northe algorithmIOthatisusedtoassignentynumbers.-YoushouldsimplyO>assumet>opaquelongword >. @ 2FO13.7CHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?LOUAchangewasmadetotheformatoftheCMSdatabaseforKOCMS librariesstartingwith V3.5-03-toensurethatearlierNOversionsofCMSareunabletoaccessthedatabaseoncetheNO^``conversion''toV3.5-05andlaterismade,youmustissueEOthe followingtwocommandswhen upgradingfromV3.5-IO03andprior.+(Theonly differencesbetweenCMSversionKOhV3.5-03andCMSversionV3.5-05involvechangestoensureNOthatnoearlierversionofCMScanaccessthe ``converted'''O database,andcorruptit.) ALOToperformthe``conversion'',issuethe followingcommands+OforeachCMSlibrarypresent:5Oa$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00CMS.*%01CMS.*3O$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00CMS.CMSBUDOThenewfile 00CMS.CMSmusthavethesamesecurityPOsettingsasthe 01CMS.CMSfile,andiscreatedsolelytoen-MO5sure continued compatibilitywithtoolsthatexpecttofindIOa 00CMS.CMSfile(eg:*variousversionsofthe Language-+O SensitivetexteditorLSEDIT).C $ZMOIfyouchoosetoinstallandusethelongervariantnamesPOsupportthatis availablewithCMSV4.1orlater,youcannotLO5mixearlierCMSversionswithinacluster.*IfyouattemptOOtomixolderandnewer versions,youwill typicallyseetheBO followingBADLIBand BADTYPSTRerrorsequencewhenHO> accessingtheCMSlibraryfromtheolderCMS versions:JO%CMS-F-BADLIB,%there%is% something%wrong%with%your&libraryNO -CMS-F-BADTYPSTR,%header%block%type%is%145;&it&should%be%17DbOOPleaseseetheCMSV4.1releasenotesfor additionaldetailsOonthis.Es\FOToperformthe equivalent``conversion''forDECTestJOManager(DTM)V3.5andpriorversionstoV3.6andlaterIO5 versions,issuethe followingDCLcommandsforeachDTMOlibrarypresent:5O$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00DTM.*%01DTM.*3OZ$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00DTM.DTMFrNOLikeCMS,thischangeisintendedtopreventolderversionsKOofDTMfrom accessingnewer libraries,and corruptingtheJO5 contents.+LikeCMS,oncethe librariesarerenamed,theyMOcannotandshouldnotberenamedbacktotheoldernames;BOlikeCMS,thechangesarenotdownward-compatible.GNFOToconvertversion1 (ancient)DTMandCMS librariesAOforward,pleaseseetheDTMCONVERTandtheCMSO5CONVERT commands.# HDO13.8CWherecanIgetnew certificatesforNetscape'( Navigator?JOTheURLsthatare availableforaddingorupdatingrootO certificatesare:I6 `m@m6http://www.entrust.net/customer/generalinfo/import.htmentrust `E(Ehttp://www.thawte.com/thwate `?5https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.htmlverisignJnFOToupdate certificatesinNetscape NavigatorV3.03on(OOpenVMS,usethe following:jK@@OThawteServer certificatewhichexpiredin1998:L eKOm1.JUndertheOptionsMenuchoose "SecurityPreferences..."4O2.JSelectthe"Site Certificates"tabKOl3.JSelect"ThawteServerCA"inthelistof certificatesO13.9CWhydoesn'tDCLsymbol substitutionwork?KOUTheDCLsymbol substitution processingoccursonlyattheRODCLprompt,notwithindataandnotwithinfiles.'IfyouwishNOtoperformsymbol substitutioninthis environment,youtyp-OO^icallywriteasmallfile containingthe command(s)anddataMOtobeinvoked-potentiallyonlythedata-andyoutheninvokeGOthecreated procedureor referencethe specifieddata.PjMOInthiscase,useofafile containing nolinemodecommandsKOorother techniquesmightbe useful-youwillwanttoen-NO5surethatthetexteditoryouusedoesnotattempttouseNOscreenmodeorsimilar,asthisisnot generally considered6O adventageouswithinacommand procedure.hQ>>OToolssuchasFTPhave alternatives:' COPY/FTP.fRl 5<IODCLsymbol substitutionoccursintwopasses,usingtheNO ampersandandthe apostrophe.'Inmostcases,onlytheapos-LO5tropheis necessary.)Inafew cases-suchastheDCLPIPEHO command-youwillmayneedtousethe ampersandtogetMOthe substitutiontowork.'The followingexampleusesamper-SO>sand substitutiontotransferthecontentsoftheheaderintoaOlogicalname:YO$&PIPE% CC/VERSION%|&(READ&SYS$PIPE&hdr%;&DEFINE/JOB/NOLOG%hdr&&hdr%),S! QOAlogicalname(inthejoblogicalnametable;sharedbyallNO processesinthecurrentjob)wasusedasDCLsymbolscan-NO5notbereturnedbackoutfromaDCLPIPEorotherspawnedO subprocess.G1T )8O13.10CWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?MOUOpenVMSsupportisincludedinthestandard distributionofMOPerl,thepopular scriptinglanguagecreatedbyLarryWall.QOInadditiontonearlyallofthe functionality availableunderIO^Unix,OpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesprovide interfacestoROmanynative features,aswellasaccesstoOracle,Ingres,andIOSybase databasesviathePerlDBI availableonOpenVMS.UMOAwebsiteusefulforgettingstartedwithPerlonOpenVMS-IOwhereyouwillfindsuchthingsasdownloadlinks,in-LO5 structions, auxiliarytools,andsample scripts-is available Oat:[V1 `m&mhttp://www.sidhe.org/vmsperlWNROIfyouhaveaC compiler,thebestwaytoobtainPerlistoOOdownloadandbuildit yourself.)Thelatest productionquality+O5sourcekitis availablefrom:iX? `m4m*http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.tar.gz)YFOYouwillneedGUNZIPandVMSTAR(both availablefromJOtheOpenVMSFreewareCD,orfromothersites)tounpackOO5thearchive;onceyou'vedonethat,readthe instructionsin Othe README.vmsfile.ZNIOBinary distributionsformostAlphaandVAX environmentsAOare availableontheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMand>O5fromvarious websites, includingthe following:[z `m4m*http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/prebuilt.html `0&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/\nLODuringactivePerl developmentcycles,testkitsaresome-"Otimesfoundat:'from:S]) `mmftp://ftp.sidhe.org/^ dQOWatchthemailinglist(seebelow)fordetailson experimentalO releases.!_KOCharlesLane maintainspagesonhowtowriteCGIscriptsMOinPerlfortheOSUHTTPserver,aswellasmoregeneralMO5tips,tricks,andpatchesforbuildingandrunningPerlonOOpenVMS:c`9 `m.m$http://www.crinoid.com/crinoid.htmlx-aFOThereareOpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesthat implementJO interfacestoasubsetoftheVMSSystem Services.-WithRO5thesemodules,youcanget(andoftenset)device,job,queue,IOuser,system,and performance information.(Thelockman-JOager,RMSindexedfiles,screen management utilities,andKO> Intracluster CommunicationServicesarealso accessibleviaCOPerl.'Therelevantmodulesareall availablefrom:mbC `m8m.http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/VMScNNOTo subscribetotheOpenVMSPerlmailinglist(a discussionLOforumforbothusersupportandnew development),sendan8O5emailmessagetovmsperl-subscribe@perl.orghd>>OThemailinglistarchivesmaybesearchedat:oeE `m:m0http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/vmsperl  j! whNO13.12CWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?LOUManypackagesareprovidedinZIP,GZIP,orBZIP2format,ROwhichrequiresyoutoacquirethe associatedunziptooltoun-OOpackit.&YoucangetZIPandUNZIPandrelatedandsimilar-O^toolsfromthe followingareas:kq `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `<2ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.alpha_exe `l:l0ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.vax_exe `7-http://www.decus.de:8080/www/vms/sw/zip.htmlx `k(khttp://www.djesys.com/zip.html `* http://www.djesys.com/unzip.htmll aHOoryoucanrequesttheFILESERV_TOOLSpackagefromtheOe-mailserver.m jLOBeware:)The [000TOOLS...]) pre-builtversionsofZIPontheHOOpenVMSFreewareV4'(http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/GO5FreewareV4.0)CD-ROMwill erroneouslyreturnBILFer-MOrorsonOpenVMSV7.2andlater.*UseofthesourceonthePOFreewareV4torebuildtheZIP image(s),or acquiringapre-PO>builtZIPimagefromoneoftheaboveareascanavoidthis.QOThe pre-builtversionofZIPontheFreewareV4kitisolderQOthantheincludedZIPsources,anditcontainsalatentbug.]nNOO Directionsforcreatingandusingthesfxself-extractingzipKOfile compression mechanismare availableintheunzipkit"O5thatis availableat: o 7 `mFm'http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/,lookinarecentunzip *: directory.+WiththeUNZIP542 directoryfrom>FreewareV5.0,lookforthefile UNZIPSFX.TXT.pNROIfyouwanttobuildthezipimagesforyourself(eg:*foranMOolderOpenVMS version),pullovertheentirecontentsofa#O5recentunzip directory.eq; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/Jr  Oandinvoke LINK.COM.s WGOHPOpenVMS EngineeringusesatoolknownasFTSVforKOcreatingself-extracting compressedfilesusingtheOpenVMSIO5DCX compressiontools,asseenwithvariousOpenVMSECONO(patch)kits.(sfxprovidesbetter compressionthandoesDCX.JOTheFTSVanditsrelatedFTSOpackagehaveonlylimitedHO> availabilityoutsideHP,andarenotstandard products. t:O13.13CAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?IOUSoftware-based emulatorsoftheVAX architectureandforKOspecificVAXhardware platformsare availablefromvariousOsources:"u `mmSRI CHARON-VAX$http://www.softresint.com/ `EETimStark'sTS10/%http://sourceforge.net/projects/ts10/ `'BobSupnik'sTrailingEdge(vhttp://simh.trailing-edge.com/iv?DOVAX emulatorsthatoperateonPCsystemsand/oronDOOpenVMSAlphasystemsare available.-For informationLO5onan alternativetousingaVAX emulator-ontheavail-EOable DECmigrateVAX executableimagetranslator-please OseeSection13.11.*v?fhNw%$$O 14.2Hardware! Information/z (OTable3-1:7OpenVMSWebsites O  OFURLFSponsor Ob (Ohttp://www.openvms.compaq.com/.O$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ qHPOpenVMS Marketing)Ohttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/e EncompassDFWCUG&Ohttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/XArneVajhjOhttp://www.saiga.com/LSaigaSystems#Ohttp://www.tachysoft.com/?WayneSewel*O http://www.progis.de/openvms.htm)3 SponsoredbyproGISSoftware&Ohttp://www.jcameron.com/vms/&JeffCameron9O/http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/soft_doc.htmlA DavidMathog's(useful) informationaboutOpenVMS.O Cracking9O /http://www.vistech.net/users/beave/hack-vms-faq ``TheBeave''n Includessystemcracking informationthatcanbeofinteresttoOpenVMSSystem Managers,=" andtoOpenVMSNetworkandSecurity Managers. O UndocumentedFeatures:O 0http://www.decus.de:8080/www/vms/qaa/undoc.htmlx DECUS Deutchland3O )http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_tip.htmlx ArneVajhj1 j  O  OURLSponsor O 0Ox&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/fTheOpenVMSFreewarecontainsvariousexamplesof undocumentedfeaturesandinter-?facesO Bibliographies4O3*http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_book.htmlxO Introductory3O&)http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_faq.htmlx:O0http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/vms_sheet.htmlBO8http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/vms_beginners_faq.htmlO ProgrammingJO@http://www.pdv-systeme.de/users/martinv/VMS_Programming_FAQ.html'AnOpenVMS ProgrammingFAQO Networking)O{http://www.tmesis.com/internet/`Tutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMSsystemstotheInternet.On$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/D DocumentationandSpecificationsforDECnetPhaseIV$Ob HPOpenVMS Documentation,O "http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/3O) )http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/g Various introductoryguidesaswellasmoreadvancedmanualsare availableinthe= OpenVMSandlayeredproduct documentationset.)Oj http://www.compaq.com/info/spd/i SoftwareProduct Descriptions(SPDs)formosteveryOpenVMS-relatedproductHPsells.O^ System Performance  See Section14.2.OQ Patch(ECO)Kits* h4~3 j  O  OURLSponsor O kxFortheHPServicesFTPserverhostingVariouscontract-accessand non-contractaccess+ECO(patch)kits,seesectionSection5.16. O? CatalogsandPricingHO>http://www.compaq.com/products/quickspecs/productbulletin.html<3HPProduct QuickSpecsandproduct informationROHhttp://www.compaq.com/products/quickspecs/soc_archives/SOC_Archives.htmlA&TheHPSystemsandOptionsCatalog(SOC)archive-O#http://www.businesslink.compaq.com/mPointerstocountry-specificproduct information,pricing,andrelated.%Theservicesfor-jhmerlyprovidedby BusinessLinkarebeingreplacedbytheseandothercountry-specific; mechanisms,pleaseseetheURLfordetails.O/ Publications5O+http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvmstimes/)"TheOpenVMSTimes Newsletter Ohttp://www.dfwcug.org/,TheDFWCUG Quadwords Newsletter=O3http://www.research.compaq.com/wrl/DECarchives/DTJ/S Backissuesofthe(discontinued)Digital TechnicalJournal(DTJ)'O http://www.compaq.com/inFORM/- TheHP(Compaq)inFORMMagazine+Ow HardwareandSoftwareArchives.O $http://vax.sevensages.org/index.htmlKj The VAXarchive, includinghardwareandsoftware information@O 6http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/docs/alpha_diary.html+^ AVAXtoAlphaupgradediary4O *http://www.montagar.com/~patj/dec/hcps.htmDQ ScannedversionsofoldDIGITALmanualsfromDFWCUG*h4#k A O  OURLSponsor O 8Ox.http://www.digital.com/lists/master-index.html?O5http://www.compaq.com/support/techpubs/qrg/index.htmlelAwidevarietyofHPVAX,Alpha,platformandotherproductdocumentation.(Some) introductory,some technical. O (~wCO14.2CSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and'(VAX)systems?GOHPmakesawiderangeof performance documentsavail-DOablethroughitsFTPandWWWInternetservers(seeO^Section3.2).*~O!|?_GOThe followingcontain informationoncurrentAlphaandOVAX products: `m8m.http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/servers.html `:0http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/vax/index.htmloKOThe followingsitescontain informationonvariousretired$OVAXandAlpha products:^ `m>m4http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/archive/index.html `=3http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/performance/perf_Etps.htmlGOAlsoseeCPU2000:~ `m*m http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/ `>4http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/results/cpu2000.htmlOG5( OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.I! GO Sometimesa particularand officially unsupportedAlphaLOboxorAlpha motherboardwill sufficientlyresembleasup-MO5portedboxthattheplatformcan effectivelymimicandcanJO bootstrapOpenVMS.Alternatively,somebody(usuallyoneorDOmore engineerswithintheOpenVMS Engineeringgroup)WO>willhaveputtogethera bootstrapkit-suchasthekitfortheGOAlpha Multia-whichpermitsOpenVMSto bootstrapontheO platform. FOContrarytothe assumptionsofsomefolks, thereareKOplatform-level differenceswithintheVAXandwithinAlphaIO5platforms-hardware-level differencesthatcanrequiremod-HOerateto extensivenewcodingwithinOpenVMS.WithinaNOplatformseries,and particularlywithinAlpha platformsthatEO>supportDynamicSystem Recognition(DSR),OpenVMScanOusually bootstrap.WGODSRisa mechanismbywhichOpenVMSAlphacangatherIOplatform-specific information,andDSRisthereasonwhyGO5newerAlphasystemscanbemoreeasilyandmorecom-IOmonly supportedonolderOpenVMSAlpha releases.)DSRisFO implementedwithOpenVMSAlphacode,withSRMconsole;O>code,andwithplatform non-volatilememory. ~COOpenVMSuserswith experienceonolderOpenVMSVAXIOreleasesandVAXhardwarewillrecallthatthen-newVAXCO5systemseitherrequiredanOpenVMSVAXupgrade,orIOthatearlierreleaseswouldmis-identified then-newerVAXLO systems-suchasthecaseoftheVAX7000model800beingKO>(mis)identifiedasaVAX7000model600when bootstrappedIOonOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2.((This(mis)identificationwastheOOoutcomeofa deliberate engineeringefforttopermittheVAXLOH7000model800to bootstraponV5.5-2;thesystemmanagerIOcould configuretheVAX7000model800to (mis)identifyPOitselfasamodel600,topermitthesystemto bootstrapon@ORV5.5-2.).OpenVMSVAXandVAX platformslackDSROsupport.x kN$OOpenVMSI64(pleaseseeSection14.4.5forIntelItaniumNO terminology)supportsaplatform-levelfeaturesimilartotheDO5OpenVMSAlphaDSR mechanism,basedontheACPIin-HOterfaceandthe byte-code interpreter implementedwithinIOOpenVMS,withintheEFIconsole,and particularlywithinDO> non-volatilememorylocatedon (byte-code interpreterJO compliant)PCII/O hardware.)ACPItablesprovidethein-IO formationthatwasformerly retrievedfromDSRandfromKOHtheSRM,andthe byte-code interpretercan(theoretically)HOpermitatleastlimited operationswith (compliant)PCIHO hardware,whetherornotOpenVMShasadriverfortheOR particular hardware.*F?! kIOThebytecode interpretermayormaynotpermitopera-IOtionswithany particularPCI hardware,andmayormayLO5nothave sufficient performanceforlocal requirements,andIOPCIhardwaremayormaynotincludethe necessaryROM-NObaseddriversinthePCIhardware non-volatilestorage.'(TheRO>intentofthisIntelplatform-leveleffortistomovethehostNOsoftwaredriversoutontothespecificPCI hardware,andtoROpermitthesamebytecodetooperate regardlessofthepartic-POHularhost platform.)(AtleasttheinitialreleasesofOpenVMSOI64will xnotDhavesupportforthebytecode interpreternorforNO arbitraryPCIorsystem hardware,butwillhavesupportforIOR ACPI-basedsystemidentificationandsystemconfiguration.rVH)O14.4.1ContheAlphaMultia?OO4Yes,thereareasetof unsupportedimagesthatpermitspe-IOcificOpenVMSAlphaversionsto bootstrapontheMultiaIOUDBsystem.*Theseimagesandthe associated instructions>O=are availableattheOpenVMSFreewarewebsite: x `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/=OLookintheFreewareV5.0/multia/ directory.`@O Instructions are included IN the kits.3READ THE O INSTRUCTIONS.PLEASE! NGOSomeofthe restrictionsinvolvedwhenrunningOpenVMSROontheMultiasysteminclude(butmaywellnotbelimitedto)O5the following: 7 `mBmThePCMCIAsupportwas completelyremoved,becauseLtheIntelchipontheMultiawasnot compatablewiththe+Cirruschiponthe Alphabook.|KWThismeans,ofcourse,thatyouwillnotseeandcannot1useanyPCMCIAcardsonaMultia.! fNWTheMultiausesshared interrupts,andasaresult,aspe-HcialZLXp-Eseriesgraphicsdevice driver-onethatdoesJnotuse interrupts-isneeded.*Thisdriverisprovidedinathekit. `*Theseriallinesdon'twork. `_M_IfyouhaveaMultiawithaPCIslot,youcan'tuseany0PCIcardthatrequires interrupts. `7G7TheSRMconsoleonthissystemisveryoldandveryKfragile.((ThisSRMconsolewasdesignedonlyandstrictlyNfor diagnosticuse,andwasnot particularlytestedorusedAwith OpenVMS.) `IIfthingsdon'tworkforyou,don'texpecttoseeanyBOpenVMSupdates,norSRMconsoleupdates,noranyqsupport. `LDonotexpecttoseeanynewversionsofOpenVMSontheFIMultianoronanyother unsupportedsystems.*IfsuchMnewversionsdoappearanddowork,pleaseconsideritas apleasant surprise. COTheMultiaimagesarenotincludedontheOpenVMSHOFreewareV4.0CD-ROMkit,thekitthatwas distributedHO5withOpenVMSV7.2.)(Theseimagesbecame availableafter#OFreewareV4.0 shipped.)XHOOthersourcesof informationforOpenVMSonMultiain-Oclude:V `m8m.http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/multia.html `:0http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/mltianot.html `l9l/http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/support.html `:0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html `k:k0http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html|! VR6O14.4.2ConAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?JO4OpenVMSAlphaisnot supportedontheAlphaPC164LXandPO164SXseries,thoughtherearefolksthathavegottencertainLOoftheLXseriestoloadSRMand bootstrapOpenVMS.(The6O=AspenDurangoIIvariant,specifically.)NJOOneproblemhasbeen generally reported:)ATA(IDE)boot-NOstrapswillfail;SCSIstorageandaSCSICD-ROMdeviceisO5 required.Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.2.1.*}F?4 6O14.4.2.1BontheNoNameAXPpci33system?FO) Informationon bootstrappingOpenVMS(usingtheMultiaOfiles describedinSection14.4.1) onthe (unsupported)6ONoNameAXPpci33moduleis availableat:*D?  `m7m-http://www.jyu.fi/~kujala/vms-in-axppci33.txtDOTipsforusingtheMultiafileswiththe AXPpci33:! Zw `mLmYouhavetousetheMultiakitandfollowthe directionsinALPHA8,butdo * not (**hloadtheMultiaSRMfirmwareHintothe AXPpci33.*Rather,downloadandusethelatestFwfirmwarefortheAXPpci33fromtheHPAlphafirmwarewebsiteinstead. `O3O64MBmemoryis generally necessary. `JyoucannotuseanyPCIcards,andifyouplanonnet-K'working,youneedtofindanISAEthernetcard supportedbyOpenVMS. `GWhentheAXPpci33board bootstraps,itwilldumpsomeMWstufflikeacrashdump,butitwillcontinueand-sofar-9thishasn'tcausedany particularhassles. `/G/Thesystemshutdownandreboot proceduresdonotwork properly. `NTheserialconsoleisreportedtonotwork,thoughthese-L_rialports apparentlydowork.*Thestatusoftheparallelportisunknown. `7I7RumourhasitthatyouhaveoneoftheAXPpci33moth-EerboardswiththePS/2mouseandkeyboard connectorsGandaVGAcard(onethatwillworkunder DECwindows):Aandyoucanrun DECwindowsonthesystem.dM:-O14.4.3ContheAlphaXLseries? O4No.NHOOpenVMS EngineeringdoesnotformallysupporttheAlphaKOXLseries,norwillOpenVMS (informally) bootstrapontheO5AlphaXLseries. NLOOpenVMScannot,willnot,anddoesnot bootstrapontheMOAlphaXLseries.)TheAlphaXLserieswastargetedforuseGO5(only)withthe MicrosoftWindowsNT operatingsystem.]IOTheAlphaXLplatformdoesnotresembleother supportedO platforms.6 V GO14.4.4COpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aug(series?@OThough OpenVMSis not supported onthe PersonalHO Workstation-aseries platforms,OpenVMSmightormight,O=not bootstraponthe platform.4 QOIfyouwishtoattemptthis,youmustensurethatallgraph-NOicsandallI/O controllersinthesystemare supportedbyGO5OpenVMS.Youmustalsoensurethatyouhavethemost$Ocurrentfirmwareloaded. LO14.4.4.1BOpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?LO)ThoughOpenVMSisnot supportedonthe ``Whitebox''seriesJOofAlpha platforms,OpenVMSmightormightnot bootstrapIOonthe platform.-Thesesystemswere specificallyconfig-OO3ured,targetedand supportedonlyforusewiththe Microsoft)OWindowsNT operatingsystem.E! WQOOnsomeofthe ``Whitebox''systems,the followingsequenceofOOconsolecommandscan potentiallybeusedtoconvertthesys-JO5temoverto unsupportedusebyandforOpenVMSHobbyistROusers.)(Butpleasenotethatifyouwishtoattemptthis,youPOmustensurethatallgraphicsandallI/O controllersintheFO>systemare supportedbyOpenVMS,andyoumustensureKOthatyouhavethemostcurrentSRMfirmwareloaded.((ForIO informationonlocatingand downloadingthemostcurrent,OHAlphaSRM firmware,pleaseseeHSection 14.3.7.1.)|HAndyouLOmustrealizethatthe resultingWhitebox configurationwillLObeentirely unsupportedandmayormaynotbestableandORuseful.)Oset%os_type%vmsDOcat%nvramK!%too&see%what&is&in&this,&if&anythingOfedit&nvramO10%set%srm_boot%onO20%eO>init* ?_5MOIfyournvramhasother contents,youwillneedtochangeQOthelinenumbers(10and20)toreflectthecontentsofyourJO5configuration.(Toobtain documentationonthecommandsofMOtheconsoleeditor,enterthe?'commandwithintheeditor.! WIOTheabovesequencewas reportedlytestedontheDIGITALPOServer3300series,arelativeofthe AlphaServer800series.FO5TheDIGITALServer3300isnot supportedbyOpenVMS,LOthoughthe AlphaServer800seriesisa supported platform.LOThesequencemayormaynotworkonother platforms,andLO>mayormaynotworkontheDIGITALServer3300 platform.U+OAlsosee}Section5.32.*}F?OO14.4.4.2BOpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?DO)OpenVMSwill boot andis supportedon thePersonalEO Workstation-auseries platforms,thoughOpenVMSwillKOrequireaSCSICD-ROMiftheIntelSaturnI/O(SIO)IDEMO3chipispresentintheconfiguration-onlytheCypressIDEMO controllerchipis supportedbyOpenVMSforIDE bootstraps.zMOIfyouhavean-auseriessystem,youcan determinewhichBOIDEchipyouhaveusingtheSRMconsolecommand:aSHOW% CONFIGURATION!! KOIfyousee ``CypressPCI Peripheral Controller'',youcanMO bootstrapOpenVMSfromIDEstorage.(Ifyousee``IntelSIOSO582378'',youwillneedtouseand bootstrapfromSCSI.(Apro-KOceduretoloadDQDRIVERontheIntelSIO-oncethesystemLOhas bootstrappedfromaSCSI device-isexpectedtobein-OO>cludedaspartofthecontentsoftheDQDRIVER directoryon&OFreewareV5.0andlater.) ROManyofthe-aseriessystemswillincludetheIntelSIO,and-Othuscannot bootstrapfromIDE.;O14.4.5COntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?NO4OpenVMSisbeingportedtotheIntelIA-64 architecture;toIOHPsystemsbasedontheIntelItanium ProcessorFamily.LOThefirstreleaseofOpenVMSI64isV8.0,withthefirstEOgeneralreleaseofOpenVMSI64expectedtobeV8.2.\! 2LOSomeIntelandHP terminology:'Itanium ProcessorFamilyisOOthenameofthecurrentimplementation;ofthecurrentIntelIO5microprocessorfamily implementingtheIA-64 architecture.MOIA-64isthenameoftheIntelandHP architectureimple-EOmentingtheVLIW(VeryLong InstructionWord)designJO>knownasEPIC (ExplicitlyParallel Instruction Computing).MOI64isthenameofafamilyofHPcomputersystemsusing%OIntelItanium processors.DO14.4.5.1BWherecanIgetIntelItanium information?FO)IntelItanium ProcessorFamilyandIA-64 Architecture,GO Hardware, Software,andrelateddocoumentation materialsOare availableat:[ 1 `m8m.ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/manuals/ `:0ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/ `lMlCftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/archSysSoftware.pdf `F requirementexistsforIDEdevices.(Also particularlyensureNOthatthevideo controlleris supported.*Useof supportedHPPOhardwarewill generallyreducethelevelof integrationeffortOH involved.eFOACD-ROM,CD-RorDVDdriveisrequiredforOpenVMSOAlphainstallations.qGGOCD-ROMdrive compatibility informationis availableat:kA `m6m,http://sites.inka.de/pcde/dec-cdrom-list.txt   nJO14.6CWherecanIgetmore informationonAlphasystems?AOUHPoperatesan AlphaServer informationcenterat:d `m,m"http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/JOAlpha Technical informationand documentationis available OKat:&  `m9m/ftp://ftp.compaq.com/pub/products/alphaCPUdocs/ `<2http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/software/alpha-Etools/ `6,ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/systems/ `DODEhttp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/dsc- library.html `!AlphaSystemsUpdate:7t-http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/fb_acu.htmlsHOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) information, including+Oplatformsupportdocumentation:7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.i??O InformationonMultiahardwareis availableat:oE `m:m0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.htmltJJO InformationonDEC3000serieshardwareis availableat:7 6  `m@m6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- sysinfo.html `E@E6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- docs.html `C9http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/dec-docs/index.htmlFO InformationoncurrentandfutureAlphamicroprocessor?Odesignsisalso availablefrom AlphaPoweredat: `m9m/http://www.alphapowered.com/alpha_tomorrow.html `3)http://www.alphapowered.com/timeline.html `l6l,http://www.alphapowered.com/ev7-and-ev8.html! \IOTheNetBSDfolksmaintainusefulAlphahardwareinforma-Otionat:lB `m7m-http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/models.html BO14.9CSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?UOUAfterremovingthosetwolittlescrews,tiltthebackendofthe?Otopshell upwards-thenyoucanremovethelid.&  R! (+O14.10CWhatisbyte swizzling?ROU ``Swizzling''isthetermusedtodescribethe operationneededUOtodopartiallongword(i.e.'byteorword)accessestoI/OspaceOOonthosesystemsthatdon'tsupportit directly.+ItinvolvedRO^shiftingtheoffsetintoanaddressspaceby5(or7foronePOoldersystem),andORingthisintothebaseaddress.)ItthenOOrequiredthesizeofthe operationtobeORedintothelowOhorderbits. WMOThatis,becausetheEV4andEV5CPUsdidnotbringbitsPO0and1offthechip,todo programmedI/Ofor bytes/words,QO5the informationonthe size/offsetofthetransferwasencodedROintotheaddressdata.)ThedataitselfthenhadtobeshiftedUOintothecorrect``bytelane''(i.e.*itsactualpositionwithinaO> longword).`IOTheEV56CPUsupportsthe byte/word instructionshoweverJOonlysomeEV56systemssupport byte/wordaccessestoI/OLO5space.(EvenonanEV56systemthatsupports byte/wordac-LOcessestoI/Ospace,therelevantOpenVMSroutinesdonot5Osupport byte/wordaccesstoI/Ospace.NIOEV6systems(withthe exceptionofthe AlphaServerGS60LOand AlphaServerGS140series,forreasonsofplatformcom-HO5 patability)supportaflat,byte addressableI/Ospace. k NGOIfadevicedriverusesCRAMorIOC$WRITE_IO/IOC$READ_LOIO,thenOpenVMSwilldotherightthingwithoutchangingMO5thedriver-OpenVMSwillswizzleand unswizzleasneeded. DOTouse byte/word operationsonMEMORY,youneedtoHOtellthecompilertousetheEV56orEV6 architecture=O5(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56).,Memory operationsdidnotOOswizzle,butthecompilerwoulddo long/quadaccess,andex-EO tract/insertbytesasneeded.'Using/ARCHITECTURE=EV56OO>allowssmaller,more efficient byte/wordaccesslogictomem-Oory.P&OOIfthe applicationisdirectlydoingI/OspaceaccessacrossMOarangeofAlphasystems(likethegraphics servers),thenMO5thedriverwillneedtoknowhowtodo swizzlingforold=O platforms,andbyteaccessfornew platforms. OPleaseseeSection10.22 andVSection14.7"for additionaldetails'Oandrelatedconsiderations.*F?*VF? C NO14.11CWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?LOUTheVAXfloatingpointformatisderivedfromoneoftheLOPDP-11FPformats,whichhelpsexplainitsstrangelayout.NOTherearefourformatsdefined:)F32-bitsingle-precision,DLO^andG64-bitdouble-precisionandH128-bit quadruplepre-OOcision.*Forallformats,thelowest addressed16-bit``word''NOcontainsthesignandexponent(andforotherthanH,someQOhofthemost significantfractionbits).'Each successivehigher-MO addressedwordcontainsthenext16lesser-significantfrac-ZOtionbits.(Bit15ofthefirstwordisthesign,1for negative,0SOrfor positive.'Zerois representedbyabiasedexponentvalueofTOzeroandasignofzero;thefractionbitsareignored(butonRO#Alpha,non-zerofractionbitsinazerovaluecauseanerror.)QO{Avaluewithbiasedexponentzeroandsignbit1isa``re-ROserved operand''-touchingitcausesanerror-fractionbitsNO-areignored.(Therearenominuszero, infinity, denormalizedOorNaNvalues.aA 7LOForallformats,thefractionis normalizedandtheradixPOpointassumedtobetotheleftoftheMSB,hencethefol-RO5lowingrange:*0.5lessthanorequaltofandlessthan1.0.LOTheMSB,alwaysbeing1,isnotstored.+Thebinaryexpo-WOnentisstoredwithabiasvaryingwithtypeinbits14:nofthe!O>lowest-addressedword.=FPExponentExponentMantissa% (Fraction)%bits, TypeBits Bias   including%hidden&bitDS:========================================================== F 48 128 o24 D 48 128 o56 +G +11+1024 o+53 sH s15s16384 Js113tOOThelayoutforDis identicaltothatforFexceptfor32%O additionalfractionbits.  {ROExample:'+1.5inFfloatishex000040C0 (fractionof.11[base)O2],biasedexponentof129)m! VCFO14.12CWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems? `{-{HPrunsaVAX "InfoCenter"at:0&http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/vax/ `SASJimAgnew maintainsaMicroVAX/VAXstationFAQat:;1http://anacin.nsc.vcu.edu/~jim/mvax/mvax_faq.html `+0+The VAXstation3100Owner'sGuide:?5http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-i.html `EAfieldguidetoPDP-11(andVAX)Q-busandUNIBUS&\modulescanbefoundat:8.http://metalab.unc.edu//pub/academic/computer-9 /science/history/pdp-11/hardware/field-guide.txt `;VariousVAX historical information(alsosee)Section2.1)canbefoundat:3=)http://telnet.hu/hamster/vax/e_index.html*!)O|?N"GO14.13CWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAXR(systems??OGunnar Helliesen maintainsaNetBSDVAXFAQat#Ohttp://vaxine.bitcon.no/.>  o# EHO14.14CWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXandR( VAXstation3100?JOSystemdiskslargerthan1.073 gigabytes (GB)-1fffffhex-LOidecimalblocks-arenot supportedonanymemberoftheMO^ VAXstation3100seriesandoncertainoldermembersoftheOOMicroVAX3100series,andarenotreliableontheseaffectedOOsystems.'(Seebelowtoidentifytheaffected systems-themoreHOhrecentmembersoftheMicroVAX3100seriessystemsareONOT affected.)$! aHOVariousoftheSCSIcommandsusedbythebootdriversEOimbeddedintheconsolePROMonallmembersoftheEO5 VAXstation3100seriesuse"Group0" commands,whichROallowa21bitblocknumberfield,whichallowsaccesstotheQOfirst1fffff hexidecimalblocksofadisk.)Anydisk referencesOO>past1fffffwill wrap-thiswrapping behaviourcanbeofpar-QOticularinterestwhenwritingasystem crashdumpfile,asthisLOcan potentiallyleadtosystemdisk corruptionsshouldanyIOHpartofthe crashdumpfilebelocatedbeyond1.073GB.%! KOMorerecentsystemsandconsolePROMsuse"Group1"SCSIDO commands,whichallowa32bitblocknumberfield.& WIOTherewasasimilar limitationamongtheoldestoftheKOMicroVAX3100series,butaconsolebootPROMwasphasedQO5into productionandwasmade availableforfieldretrofits-thisJOPROMupgradeallowstheuseofthe"Group1"SCSIcom-LOmands,andthuslargersystemdisks.)TherewasnosimilarPROMupgradeforthe VAXstation3100series.b'88OSystemsthatareaffectedbythislimit:(! @ `mEm VAXstation3100series,allmembers.'NoPROMupgradeis available. `EAEMicroVAX3100models10and20.)NoPROMupgradeis available. `?MicroVAX3100models10eand20e..OnlysystemsJvwithconsoleVMBversionspriortoV6.4are affected.)AKPROMupgradeforthesespecificsystemsis(orwasonce)' available.~)TDOAlsosee/http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-Oi.htmlT**OAlsosee}Section9.5.**}F|?N+ ZMO14.15CWhatistheAccuracyofVAXtheTimeofYear(TOY)R(Clock?JOTheVAX Time-Of-Year(TOY)clock(usedtosavethetimeROoverarebootorpowerfailure)is specifiedashavinganac-QO^curacyof0.0025%.(Thisisadriftofroughly65secondsperOmonth.,NKOTheVAXIntervalTimeisusedtokeeptherunningtime,SOandthishasa specifiedaccuracyof.01%.*Thisisadriftof1O5 approximately8.64secondsperday.L-"IOAnyhigh-IPLactivitycan interferewiththeIPL22orGOIPL24(thisdependsontheVAXimplementation)clockLO5interrupts-activitiessuchas extensivedevicedriverinter-FOruptsormemoryerrorsareknowntoslowtheclock.l.BOAlsosee}Section14.8,LSection4.3.*.}F?*.LF|?5  / ` >O14.16CWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?DCPU: Platform:-----p ---------7KA41-A%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10&and%208KA41-B%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10%and%20dKA41-C%:% InfoServer9KA41-D%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10e%and%20e:KA41-E%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10e%and&20e9<KA42-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%30%and&409KA42-B%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%38%and&480KA43-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%765KA45p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&30&and%40.\KA46p:% VAXstation&4000%Model%60,KA47p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&80(KA48p:% VAXstation&4000%VLC43KA49-A%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%90/90A0{KA49-B%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%950KA49-C%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%96, KA50p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&90,SKA51p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&95(KA52p:%VAX%4000%Model%100(KA53p:%VAX%4000%Model%105(+KA54p:%VAX%4000%Model%106,sKA55p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&85,KA56p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&96(KA57p:%VAX%4000%Model%108,KKA58p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&88,KA59p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&98KA85p:%VAX%8500# KA86p:%VAX%8600k KA88p:%VAX%88001 KA600J:%VAX%4000-50%(aka& VAXbrick)< KA610J:%MicroVAX%I,% VAXstation&I%(aka%KD32)#C KA620J:%rtVAX%(VAXeln)! KA62AJ:%VAX%6000-200! KA62BJ:%VAX%6000-3001 KA630J:%MicroVAX%II,% VAXstation%II3b KA640J:%MicroVAX%3300,%MicroVAX%3400V KA650J:% VAXstation&3200,&MicroVAX&3500,&MicroVAX&3600,&MicroVAX&III! KA64AJ:%VAX%6000-400D: KA655J:%MicroVAX%3800,%MicroVAX%3900,%MicroVAX%III+! KA65AJ:%VAX%6000-5003 KA660J:%VAX% 4000-200,&VAX%4&upgrade! KA66AJ:%VAX%6000-600!Z KA670J:%VAX%4000-300! KA675J:%VAX%4000-400! KA680J:%VAX%4000-500"2KA681J:%VAX% 4000-500A!zKA690J:%VAX%4000-600"KA691J:%VAX% 4000-605A" KA692J:%VAX% 4000-700A"RKA693J:%VAX% 4000-605A"KA694J:%VAX% 4000-705AKA730J:% VAX-11/730*KA750J:% VAX-11/750+rKA780J:% VAX-11/780,% VAX-11/782KA785J:% VAX-11/785!KA7AAJ:%VAX%7000-600!IKA7ABJ:%VAX%7000-700!KA7ACJ:%VAX%7000-800KA800J:%VAXrta)!KA820J:%VAX%8200,%VAX&8300)iKA825J:%VAX%8250,%VAX&8350KA865J:%VAX%8650n^0w4EO14.17CWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupportR( information?HOPleasecontacttheHPCustomerSupportCenter.+ServicesHOand information,manuals,guides, downloads,andvariousIO^other informationis availableviathesupportlinkat:b18 `m-m#http://www.hp.com/products/openvms/u2KKOVarioushardwareandsystem documentationis availableat:3!  `m@m6http://www.compaq.com/support/techpubs/user_reference_guides/ `E9E/http://www.adenzel.demon.nl/vaxes/microvax3100/ `:0http://www.adenzel.demon.nl/vaxes/infoserver150/4\FOTSM (TerminalServer Manager),DEChub, DECserver,etc.O information:5V `m9m/http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_archive/6! KOTheownerand maintainerofcurrent DECserverandrelatedBOhardwareisDIGITALNetworkProductsGroup(DNPG):S7) `mmhttp://www.dnpg.com/ 8 2{HO14.18CWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupportR( assistance?JOTheHPAssistedServices(CAS)program(adirectdescen-LOdentoftheprogramonceknownas DECmailer)is availableHO^to customersthatwishtomaintaintheirown system(s)KO(self-maintenance),butthatwishsomelevelof assistanceDOin acquiringhardware diagnosticsandhardwaremanu-ROhalsforthe system(s),andthatwishtohaveaccesstosparesGOand module-levelrepairsforcustomer-performedhardwareOmoduleswaps:a97 `m,m"http://www.compaq.com/CAS-Catalog/:GO14.19CWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cycletheR(console terminal?MOVariousVAXandAlphaconsolesaredesignedtoprocessthe=OBREAKsignal,treatingitasaHALTrequest.;XHOABREAKisadeliberately-generatedseriallineframingOerror. <OOWhenaseriallinedevicesuchasaterminalpowersup(orFO sometimeswhenpoweringdown)itcangenerateframingIO5errors.+TheseframingerrorsareindistingushablefromaOBREAKsignal.=WOOWhenaBREAKisreceivedonaseriallineconsoleforvar-DOiousVAXsystems-includingmost VAXstation, MicroVAX,MO5andVAX4000 series-itis typically interpretedasaHALT.NOAlphasystemswillalsooftenprocessaBREAKinasimilar)Ofashion,haltingthesystem.S>! )QOThereisnouniformorgenerally-availablewaytodisablethisKO behaviouroneveryVAXorAlphasystem.(Onsomesystems,LO5BREAK processingcanbedisabledinfavorof [CTRL/P],orAO[CTRL/P]istheonlywaytohaltthe processor.?! tOOThemostcommonwaytoavoidthesehaltsistodisabletheOOseriallineconsoleortosimplynot power-cycletheconsoleKO5 terminal.)Thereiscertain importantsystemstateinforma-ROtionthatis displayedonlyontheconsole,OpenVMSexpectsto9Oalwayshaveaccesstothesystemconsole.T@*OAlsosee}Section5.5.*@}F|? A! JO14.20CCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswithR(aPC?JOOlderHP keyboards(thosewiththeDIGITALlogoandtheKORJmodularjacks),olderHPmice(thosewiththeDIGITALNO^logoandwiththeRJmodularjacks,orwithaDINconnec-NOtorwithpinsina configurationotherthanthe PC-standardIODIN connectorpin orientation),andoldervideomonitorsLOh(withRGBsynch-on-greenvideo signaling)alluse signalingMOformatsand/orcommunications protocolsthatdifferfromthePOPC standards,andarenot(easily)interchangablenor(easily)NOr compatiblewithtypicalPC peripheraldevice controllers.'TheGOLK201andLK401 keyboards,theVSXXXseriesmice,theLO#VR260andVR290 monitors,etc.,are incompatiblewithmost6O{PCsystemsandwithmostKVM switches.B! k]FONewerHP(andCompaq) keyboards(thosewithwithPC-HOstyleDINplugs,andtheHP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo),DO5newerHPmice(withPC-pinDINplugs,andtheHP,KOCompaqorDIGITALlogo),andnewervideomonitors(multi-IOsynch)areofteninterchangeablewith "industry standard"MO>PCsystems,andcanoftenbeusedwithmostPC peripheralFOdevice controllers.(LK461,LK463,LK46W,LK471,PC7XS-LOCA,VRC16,VRC21, TFT-seriesLCD flat-panel displays,etc.,JOHare typically reasonably compatiblewithmostPCsystems,QOandwillusuallyperformasexpectedwithinthelimitsoftheNO hardware.'(FordetailsofCRTandLCDdisplaycompatibility,ORpleaseseeRSection14.21.)*B?KCGORuleofthumb:-ifthe peripheraldevice componentwasFOsoldforusewiththeDEC2000(DECpc150AXP),anNO5 AlphaServerseries,an AlphaStationseries,oramorerecentKOAlphasystem,itwillprobablyworkwithaPC peripheralLO controllerorwitha PC-compatibleKVMswitch.(Ifthepe-KO>ripheraldevice componentwassoldforusewithanVT420HOorolder terminal,mostVAX,most VAXstation,andmostIOAlphasystemswithnamesintheformatDEC [four-digit-MOHnumber],itprobablywon'tworkonaPCsystemorwithaO PC-compatibleKVM.lDBRONotethattheaboveisageneral guideline,andshouldnotbeQOreadtoindicatethatany particular peripheraldevicewillorPO5willnotworkinany particularconfiguration,saveforthoseOOspecificconfigurationsthedeviceis explicitly supportedin.E NOOSoftware IntegratorssellsavideoadaptercardcalledGeminiJOP1whichwilldrivemanyoftheolderHP(DIGITAL-logo)7O5fixed-frequencymonitorsonaPCsystem:SF) `mmhttp://www.si87.com/)G! HOTheDIGITALpartnumber 29-32540-01convertstheoutputGOfromtheRGBcable(3BNC,synch-on-green)thatcomesKO5withthe VAXstation3100and VAXstation4000seriestoa%OfemaleSVGAD connector.HWCOThisadapterwillallowPC multisyncmonitorswithIOtheneeded frequencyspecificationstobeusedwiththeDO5 VAXstationseriessynch-on-greenvideo connection..ItLOmaywellalsoworkwitha VAXstation2000seriessystems,KObut specificsand performanceofthat combinationarenot0O> immediatelyknownatthiswriting. I! JOTheprotocol definitionfortheoldDIGITALkeyboardandNOmouse interfacesisburiedatthebackoftheQDSSsectionQO5intheold VAXstationIImanual, specifically,inthebackofEOtheVCB02Video Subsystem TechnicalManual (EK-104AA-OOTM).ThekeyboardwiringandprotocolisinappendixB,andRO>occupiescirca44pages.&ThemouseisinappendixC,circa12Opages.VJ,OAlsosee}Section14.21.*J}F?K K! 2DO14.21CWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphicsR( controller?OOTo determinetheanswertothe``willthisvideomonitororPOthisLCDpanelworkwiththisgraphics controller?''& question,PO^pleasefirstlocatethe resolution(s)andthe frequenciesthatROarepossible/supportedatbothendsofthevideocable(ontheOOdisplayandonthegraphics controller,inotherwords),andNOhthen determineifthereareanymatchingsettings available.LOIftherearemultiplematches,youwillneedto determine>Owhichoneismost appropriateforyourneeds.L WKOYouwillalsoneedto determineifthevideomonitororKOgraphics controllerrequiresthe3BNC signalingwiththePO5synchronizationsignalsonthegreenwire,orthe5BNCsig-KOnallingcommononmanyPCs,orother connectionssuchasLOtheDB15video connectororUSB connectorusedonvariousO>systems.MPOIftherearenomatches,youwilllikelyneedtochangetheCOhardwareatoneorbothendsofthevideocable.N NOOTherefresh frequenciesformanydeviceshavebeenpostedtoHO comp.os.vmsand/orother newsgroups.)Searchthearchives#O5fordetails.'Alsosee:gO[ = `m#mhttp://www.repairfaq.org/ `(http://www.mirage-mmc.com/faq/ `lNlDhttp://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Foothills/4467/fixedsync.html `8.http://saturn.tlug.org/sunstuff/ffmonitor.html `k5k+http://hawks.ha.md.us/hardware/monitor.htmlP! ]IO LCD-basedand plasma-based flat-paneldisplaysaregener-KOally compatiblewithallrecentOpenVMSAlphasystemsandMO5 supportedgraphics controllers.*Forbestresults,youshouldPO generallysetthegraphics controllertomatchthenativeLCDOOorplasmadisplay resolutionand(forLCD displays)alsosetJO>the controllerrefreshrateto60Hz.+CheckyourgraphicsJO controllerandyourdisplay documentationforanydevice-IOspecific requirementsand/or configurationrecommendations.VQ,OAlsosee}Section14.20.*Q}F?AfRw<HO14.22CWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?COU InformationonvariousHP(Compaq,DIGITAL)OpenVMSJOandotherdiskstoragehardwareand controllers,andre-OOlated technical informationonSCSI,devicejumpers,etc.,isO^ availableat:[S1 `m&mhttp://theref.aquascape.com/\T 2MONote:(theabovewebsiteappearstohavebecome unavailable,JOandtheFAQ maintainerisunawareofanewserver.*YouOO5mayormaynothavesomesuccesslookingforthisorotherLOnow-unavailablesitesusingthe world-widewebarchivesat:VU, `m!mhttp://www.archive.org/V=O14.23CWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedlyR( autorepeat?2OThereareseveralmodesoffailure:W  `mNmPressing2and3keysatthesametimecausesonekeytoE autorepeatwhen released.)CheckthehardwarerevisionMlevelprintedonthebottomofthe keyboard.)Iftherevi-KwsionlevelisC01,thekeyboardfirmwareisbroken.)CallIfieldservicetoreplacethekeyboardwithanyrevision"(levelotherthanC01. `FPressingcertainkeysisalwaysbroken.)Typicalsymp-Ktomsare:'deletealwayscausesa autorepeat,returnneedsOYtobepressedtwice,etc.'Thisis frequentlycausedbyhav-Mingkeys depressedwhilethekeyboardisbeing initialized.H Pressing^F2severaltimesor unpluggingand repluggingFbthekeyboard frequentlyfixthisproblem.+(EnsureyouLhavecurrentECOkitsapplied;thereisapatch available"tofixthis problem.) `CAkeythatwasworking spontaneouslystopsworkingK correctly.)Thismaybeeitherofthetwopreviouscases,KDoritmaybebadconsole firmware.(EnsurethatyouhaveGthemostrecentfirmware installedonyourAlphasys-Jtem.(In particular,anoldversionoftheDEC3000SRMGMfirmwareisknowntohaveabugthatcancausethis!keyboard misbehaviour.^cX9GO14.24CProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesorR(somekeysaredeadFOCheckthefirmwarerevisiononthe keyboard.+HardwareHOrevisionB01 introducedanincompatabilitywiththede-MO^vicedriverwhichcausesthekeyboardtonotbe recognizedMO correctly.-Thereisapatch availabletofixthisproblem:GO[AXPDRIV06_061]-thefixisalsoincludedinOpenVMSHOhV6.2.+TherevA01 keyboard,andtheLK450shouldworkOwithout problems.YNLOIfyouareworkingfromanother operatingsystem platform,IOpleaseseetheDECxtermtoolandrelated informationon"O5OpenVMSFreewareV5.0.Z)CO14.25CWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMSR(version?KOEnsureyouhaveaversionoftheAlphaSRMconsolewithJOsupportfortheDE500seriesdevice.)ApplyALL mandatoryKO^ECOkitsfortheOpenVMSversioninuse,andalsoapplyEOtheCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,andALPLANkits,andapplyany:O availableALPCPUECOkitforthe platform.[ H  `mmDE500-XA0auto-detection,noauto-negotiation,@OpenVMSV6.2-1H1andALPBOOTECO,alsoV7.0andwlaterandECO.8Devicehardwareid02000011and 02000012..( Componentpartnumber 54-24187-01 `DE500-AA,auto-detection,auto-negotiation,=YOpenVMSV6.2andALPBOOTandALPLANECOs,or%V7.1andlaterandECO.8 Devicehardwareid02000020and 20000022..b Componentpartnumber 54-24502-01 `DE500-BA,:auto-detection,auto-negotiation,;OpenVMSV6.2-1H3andCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,ALPLAN@andALPCPUECOs,orV7.1-1H1orlaterandECO.@DDevicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsC DE500-FA)(othervaluesonoldAlphaSRM firmware). Componentpartnumber 54-24602-01 `t:tDE500-FA(100megabitfibreoptic Ethernet)'OpenVMSV7.1-1H1andlater@%Devicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsB~ DE500-BA)(othervaluespossibleonoldAlphaSRM firmware)./  Componentpartnumber 54-24899-01\ JOTochecktheDE500devicehardwareidfromOpenVMS,use"Othe followingcommand:Oa$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM&OSDA>&SHOW%LAN/DEVICE=EWcu:]]33OThe "hardwareid"willbe displayed.^ yMOTosettheDE500speedviatheAlphaSRMconsoleenviron-Oment variable:a EWx0_MODE%settingaMeaningF--------------------------J -------------------------------- Twisted-Pair&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplexA9Full&Duplex,% Twisted-Pairp10% Mbit/sec,& full_duplex AUI&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplex BNC&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplexFast'100& Mbit/sec,% nofull_duplex YFastFD%(Full%Duplex)%Y100& Mbit/sec,% full_duplexAuto-Negotiate+ Negotiation%with%remote%device_?OTooverridetheconsolesettinganduseLANCP:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP)OPLANCP>%SET&DEV% EWA0/SPEED=106OLANCP>%SET&DEV%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplexI` IOFastEthernet (100Base,100megabit) controllerssuchasMOtheDE500serieshaveapairof connectionsavailable-whileJO5 traditionalEthernet(10Base,10megabit)is inherentlyaNO half-duplex protocol,FastEthernetcanbe configuredtouseMOoneorbothofthe available connections, dependingontheLO> controller.+FastEthernetcanthusbehalf-or full-duplexLO dependingonthe configurationandthe capabilitiesoftheHOnetwork controllerandtheEthernetnetworkplant.+SomeJOHFastEthernet controllerscanalsooperateat traditionalROEthernetspeeds,these controllersarethusoftenreferedtoas(O10/100Ethernet controllers.#Va w,DO14.26C Third-party"disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgetsonR(OpenVMS?JOAwidevarietyof third-party widgets-SCSIandATA(IDE)POdisksandtapes,graphics controllers,etc-are obviouslywidelyalsonotprevent operationswithother supporteddevices,ofNOcourse),butyouand/orthedevicevendorand/orthedeviceJO manufacturerare responsibleforfindingandfixingprob-MOHlemsinthe particular third-partydeviceandor controllerO involved.c! dOOIn particular,realizethatneitherSCSInorATA(IDE)isaPO particularlystandard interface,these interfacestendtobeaKO5 collectionofoptionally-implementedand standardizedinter-POface features.'YoushouldnotandcannotsimplyassumethatMOallSCSInorATA(IDE)storagedevicesareinterchangeable.SO>IfyouwanttotrytouseagenericSCSIdevice,useV6.2orSOlater,or(better)V7.1-2orlater.+Ifyouwishtotrytouse7OATA(IDE),useOpenVMSV7.1-2orlater.djIOOnolderOpenVMS releases,seethediskcapacitylimitsO(Section~9.5).*dj|?N/eNOWithSCSIdisksonreleasespriortoV6.2,ensurethatyouEOhavetheARREandARWEsettings configured correctlyNO5 (disabled).+(Ifnot,youwillseeDRVERRfataldriveerrors$Oanderrorlog entries.) fNLOSomeSCSIdiskssetthemediumtypebyteaspartoftheKOSCSIsize field-thisisaSETCAPACITY extensiontoSCSIJO5specs.'ThisproblemalsoappliestoVAXV7.1andlater.3g KODiskswithSCSIdisksizespast8.58GBand/orwiththeDOSETCAPACITY extensionrequire ALPSCSI07ECOorthe;O5OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2orlaterrelease.((See5Section9.5 e5forOfurther details.)*g}?N4h * JOBasedonthedisplaysofthe(undocumented) SYS$ETC:SCSI_NOINFOtool;thistoolispresentinOpenVMSV6.2andlater:VaIssuing%6-byte%MODE%SENSE%QIOW&to&get%current&values%for%page%01h,Page%Code%.................%01hDPage%Name%.................% Read-Write&Error&Recovery+9Saveable&..................%Yes*Size%......................%10GHex%Data&..................%E6%08%50%00%00%00%08%0000%00i ZNOTheE6 indicatesthattheAWREandARREbitsareset,andLOthisisnot acceptableonOpenVMSversionspriortoV6.2.KO5Furtheralonginthe SCSI_INFOdisplay,ifyoualsosee:YIssuing%6-byte%MODE%SENSE%QIOW&to&get% changeable&values%for%page%81h,Page%Code%.................%01hDIPage%Name%.................% Read-Write&Error&Recovery+Saveable&..................%Yes*Size%......................%10G!Hex%Data&..................%C0%08%50%00%00%00%08%00i00%00j! wHOTheC0valuemeansthattheAWREandARREvaluescanOObechangedonthis particularSCSIdevice.*(Thisisnotal-GO5waysthecase.)(UseRZDISKfromtheOpenVMS Freeware,ROandresettheE6flagbyteto hexadecimal26(orwhatevertheGO remainingmaskwhenyouremovebitsC0)onpageone.k WHOEachSCSIandATA(IDE)hostcontains non-trivialSCSIKOandIDEdriver software,andeachdevicecontainsequallyHO5 non-trivial firmware-takentogetherwiththe mechanicalKOand electronic components,thissoftwareandfirmwarewillPO determinewhetherornota particulardevicewillfunctionasO> expected.l a|IOAlsonotethatvarious devices-suchasvariousSCSICD-IORdevices-can implementandcanrequirevendor-specificKO5protocol extensions,andthese extensionscanrequiremod-MO ificationstoOpenVMSortheadditionofvarious utilities.LOInvariousofthesecases,thesedevicesperform functionsHO>thatwillrequirethemtouseSCSIorATA(IDE)com-IOmandsthatare (hopefully)architecturally-compatibleSCSI:OorATA(IDE)command extensions.((AlsoseeSection7.1 SandOHSection9.7.)*l|?*lO |?bm\IOInorderforOpenVMSto officiallysupporta particularHOdevice, integrationandtestingworkis mandated.-ThereLO5canbeno certaintythatany particulardevicewilloper-OOateasexpectedinany particular configurationwithoutfirst0O performingthis (non-trivial)work.n NSOItisquitepossibletofindtwo devices-bothentirely compliantJOwith applicable standardsor interfacedocuments-thatwillO5not interoperate.o HOThesamegeneral statementholdsforOpenVMS bootstrap-IOpingonan unsupportedVAXorAlpha platform.*ItmightKO5ormightnotwork.*In particular,pleaseseetheOpenVMSNOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthelistof platformsGO supportedbyOpenVMS.OpenVMSisnot supportedontheKO>Personal Workstation-aseries,ontheDigitalServerse-OOries platforms,onthe AlphaServer2100series5/375CPU,onMOtheMultia,onthe AlphaServerDS20L,andonavarietyofOOHother platforms.((Youmightormightnotseesuccessbooting2OOpenVMSonanyofthese platforms.)Ip @O14.26.1CListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?GO4Variousfolkshave successfullyusedcommon third-partyMOdiskdiskdeviceswithOpenVMS,suchastheATA(IDE)andKOSCSIvariantsoftheIomegaZip250 removablediskdevice.Mq #COCommonSCSI CD-R/CD-RWdevicessuchasthePlextorIO PlexWriter 12/10/32SSCSIseriesandtheHPDVD200ise-KO5ries (recordingCD-R)havealsobeen successfullyutilizedKOwithvarious AlphaStationand VAXstationsystems,andwithGOtoolssuchas CDRECORD.(APlextor PlexWriterburnofNO> 614400000bytes(300000sectors)requiresjustoversixmin-IOutesat12x,usingan AlphaStationXP1000666MHzEV67#Osystem UltraSCSIhost.)rpNOIfyouchoosetoattempttouse third-partydevices,ensureIOthatyouhavethemostcurrentOpenVMSversionandthePO5mostcurrentECOkit(s)applied.)InthespecificcaseoftheJOATA(IDE)IomegaZip250drive,ensurethatyouhavethe?Omostcurrentrevisionof SYS$DQDRIVER installed.s?O14.26.2CArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVD(Ultra2SCSI?OOYes.(Bothofthese controllersareUltra2 low-voltagediffer-+Oential(LVD)SCSI controllers.t;O14.26.3C ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?JO4IfthisisonanOpenVMSversionpriortoV6.2,pleaseGOseetheAWREandARRE informationincludedinsectionOSection14.26.*tO?a  Hu:O14.27CLookingfor connectorwiringpinouts?KODThe% DECconnect%DEC-423&Modified&Modular%Jack%(MMJ)%pinout:*1:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)2:&Transmit&(TXD)&=3:&Transmit&Ground%(TXD-)%4:&Receive%Ground&(RXD-)5:&Receive%(RXD)%6:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)~+------------------+ |&1K2K3K4K5K6%|+------------+++V+____+>OThe PC-compatibleDB9 connectorpinoutfollows:*v1:&Data%Carrier%Detect%(DCD)2:&Received&Data3:&Transmit&Data*N4:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)5:&Ground%6:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)&&7:&Request%To%Send%(RTS)n8:&Clear&To&Send9:&floatingv GOTheMicroVAXDB9console connectorpinoutpredatestheIOPC-styleDB9pinout,andusesa then-common(andolder)GO5standardpinout,andusesthe followingEIA-232seriesOstandardsignals: 1:& Protective%GroundZ2:& Transmited%Data3:&Received&Data&4:&Request%To%Send%(RTS)*25:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)%z6:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)7:&Signal%GroundI 8:&Shorted%to%pin&9%on%MicroVAX%and& VAXstation%2000...=R9: ...series%systems,% otherwise%left% floating.[When%pin&8%is%shorted%to%pin%9,%this%is%a&BCC08&(or%variant)%cable,Smost%commonly%used%as%a&console%cable%on%the&MicroVAX&2000%andQK VAXstation%2000%series.K(Other%systems%may%or%may&not%tolerate* connecting%pin&8%to%pin&9.)wbKOTheBC16E-nn(where-nn indicatesthecablelength)cableROkey impliicitly"flipsover"(crosses-over)thesignalwires,soBO5all DECconnectMMJ connectorsarewiredthesame. //#----J#----3k|J#|---------------------------------|K|----J---- \\x:?OTheBC16E-nn cross-overwiringlookslikethis:zTerminalJHost zPMMJ JPMMJ8 DTR%1&--->---------->----------->---%6&DSR8 TXD%2&--->---------->----------->---%5&RXD.I3&------------------------------%4.4&------------------------------%38 RXD%5&---<----------<-----------<---%2&TXD8 !DSR%6&---<----------<-----------<---%1&DTRy(OTheBN24Hlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------8/ 2---------2/ 3---------1/I 4---------3/ 5---------6/ 6---------7z(OTheBN24Jlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------7/ 2---------6/ 3---------3/I 4---------1/ 5---------2/ 6---------8>{OAlsosee:"| `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ `.$http://www.airborn.com.au/rs232.html `l)lhttp://www.stanq.com/cable.html `.Foradaptersand connectors,seeSection14.28.*|?}  } IO14.28CWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?BOUTheH8571-Bconvertsthe(non-2000-series)MicroVAX=ODB9toMMJ DECconnect./TheMicroVAX2000andGO VAXstation2000requiresaBCC08cable(whichhastheO^8-9short,seeV^Section14.27)+a^andtheH8571-DforusewithO DECconnect.*}V!?u~ NEOMorerecentHP(HP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo)systemsOOwilluseeitherthe DECconnectMMJwiringor(onallrecentqH8571-CJ25%pin&DSUB%Female&to&MMJ,% Unfiltered7H8571-DJEIA232&25&pin%male& (modem-wired)<H8571-EJ25%pin&DSUB%Female&to&MMJ,%Filtered:IH8571-JJPC/AT%9%pin%male%(PC%serial&port)=H8572-0JBC16E%MMJ& double-female%(MMJ% extender)4H8575-AJEIA232&25&pin%female%(common)@!H8575-BJEIA232&9%pin&male% (MicroVAX&II&console)@iH8575-DJ25%Pin&to&MMJ%W/EOS%and%ESD& Protection7H8577-AA%6%pin%Female&MMJ%to%8&pin%MJ@BC16E-**%MMJ&cable,% available%in%various%lengthsKONumerous additionaladaptersandcablesare availablefrom>Othe_OPEN DECconnectBuildingWiring ComponentsKO5and Applications Catalog_,aswellas descriptionsoftheO above-listedparts. iGOTheH8571-AandH8575-AareMMJtoDB25(female)and"Oarewiredasfollows:ZMOAlsoseethe adapter-,cable-andpinout-related discussions Oat:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/! WNOJamecooffersaUSB-AtoPS/2MiniDIN6Adapter(aspartSO168751),forthosefolkswishingto(tryto)usePS/2 KeyboardsJO5viaUSB-A connections.(TheLK463USBkeyboardisalsoaKO potentialoption,forthosewishingtoconnectanOpenVMSKOkeyboardtoUSBsystemsor(viatheprovidedadapter)toO>PS/2systems.nxCO14.29CWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?5OUXON/XOFFisonekindofflowcontrol. "OInASCII,XONisthe |C  |ETCTRL/Q ET | ( character,andXOFFisthe O OTfCTRL/S `T O b.#IOXON/XOFFflowcontrolis typically associatedwithasyn-COchronousseriallinecommunications.-XON/XOFFisanOO5in-bandflowcontrol,meaningthattheflowcontrolismixedOinwiththedata..LOCTS/RTSisanothertypeofflowcontrol,andis sometimesDOcalledhardwareflowcontrol.. Out-of-bandmeansthatMO5seperate lines/pinsfromthedatalines(pins)areusedto'OcarrytheCTS/RTSsignals.&! POBothkindsofflowcontrolare triggeredwhena thresholdisNOreachedintheincomingbuffer.)TheflowcontrolissupposeQO5toreachthe transmitterintimetohaveitstop transmittingTObeforethereceiverbufferisfullanddataislost.*Later,af-VOtera sufficientamountofthe receiver'sbufferisfreedup,theSO>resumeflowcontrolsignalissenttogetthe transmittergoingOagain.! tEODECnetPhaseIVonOpenVMSVAXsupportstheuseofIO asynchronousserialcommunicationsasanetworkline;ofEO5asynchDECnet.)The communicationdevices(eg.)modems,Oanddrivers)'mustnot-be configuredforXON/XOFFflowMOcontrol.'The incidenceofthese (unexpected)in-bandcharac-RO>terswillcorruptdatapackets.(Further,theseriallinedeviceFOdriversmightnormallyremovetheXONandXOFFchar-NOactersfromthestreamforterminal applications,butDECnet+OH configuresthedrivertopass dHall'H charactersthroughandre-LOquiresthatall charactersbe permitted.'(The communicationFOdevicesmustpassthroughnotonlytheXONandXOFF'OR characters,theymustpass )Rall+R characters includingthe8-bitNO characters.'Ifdata compressionis happening,itmustrepro-POducethesourcestreamexactly.'Noadditionor eliminationof;O[null characters,andfulldata transparency. teGOAnEthernetnetworkisrather differentthananasyn-NOchronousserialline.+Ethernet specifiesthecontrolofdataGO5flowonasharedsegmentusingCSMA/CD(CarrierSenseLOMultipleAccess,with CollisionDetect)AnEthernetstationROthatisreadytotransmitlistensforaclearchannel(CarrierKO>Sense)..Whenthechannelisclear,thestationbeginstoNOtransmitby assertingacarrierandencodingthepacketap-RO propriately.(Thestation concurrentlylistenstoitsownsignal,OOHtopermitthestationtodetectifanotherstationbegantoOOtransmitatthesame time-thisiscalled collision detection.NO(The collisioncorruptsthesignalinawaythatcanreli-PORablybe detected.)*Upon detectingthe collision,bothstationsUOwillstop transmitting,andwillbackoffandtryagainalittleROlater.)(YoucanseealogofthisactivityintheDECnetNCPO[network counters.) anMODECnetprovidesitsownflowcontrol,aboveandbeyondtheNOflowcontrolofthephysicallayer(ifany).,TheendnodesKO5 handshakeatthe beginningto establishatransmitwindowNOsize-anda transmitterwillonlysendthatmuchdatabeforeEOstoppingandwaitingforanacknowledgement.,Theac-LO> knowledgementisonlysentwhenthereceiverhas confirmedIOthepacketisvalid.,(Awell-configuredDECnet generallyKOavoids triggeringany underlying (out-of-band)flowcontrolOH mechanism.)  )6O14.30CCD-RandDVDdevice requirements?FOUReadandwriteaccesstoCD-ROM,CD-RandCD-RWde-JOvicesonATA(IDE)is generallyhandled transparentlyby?O SYS$DQDRIVER,and SYS$DQDRIVERwill transparentlyKO^blockandde-blockthe media-native2048bytediskblocksNOwiththe512byteblocksexpectedbyOpenVMSandbynativeOOpenVMS software.! aBOReadaccesstoCD-ROM,CD-RandCD-RWdevicesonFOSCSIishandledby DKDRIVER,though SYS$DKDRIVERwillMO5not transparentlyde-blockthenative2048bytediskblocksJOintothe512byteblocksexpectedbyOpenVMS.ThedriveOOorexternalsoftwareisexpectedtoprovidethis de-blocking,OO>thuseithera512-byte-blockcapabledrive(suchasallRRD-NOseriesSCSICD-ROMdrives)is required,orhostsoftwareisNOrequiredfora 2048-byteblockdrive.'SCSIdriveswithUNIXcanbeapplied.\GOOpenVMSalsohas supportedHPDVDdrivesfortheATAO(IDE)bus.vKOForsomerelated information(anddetailsona commercial+ODVDwrite package),pleasesee:y O `mDm:http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms/supported_hardware.html! pMO RecordingofCDandDVDmediarequiresan application,andIOboth commercialandnon-commercialoptionsare available.CO5PleaseseeCDRECORD(bothnon-DVDandDVDversionsROare available,anda commercialversionis available),andalsoEOseeDVDwrite (commercial)or DVDRECORD(opensource).WBOFor informationontheGKDRIVER(SYS$GKDRIVER)in-OOterfacethatisutilizedbymostCDandDVD recordingtoolsFO5tosendcommandstoSCSIorATAPIdevices(mostATAGOdevicescanuse SCSI-likecommand packets),pleasesee@OSYS$EXAMPLES:GKTEST.C,andpleaseseethevariousEO>sectionsoftheOpenVMSI/OUser's ReferenceManual.tZ 07O 15.2 Information!on"Networks"and!ClustersEOThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSLO NetworkingwithIPandDECnet,andon clusteringandvol-JOBume shadowing,onFibreChannel,andonrelatedproductsOandconfigurations.} 8O15.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?QOUPleaseseetheAskTheWizardareatopicsstartingwith(81),)O(1839),(2177),(3605),etc.c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?L -O15.2COpenVMSandIP Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSand>OIP networking,aswellasIPprintingtopics.?O15.2.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?JO4Sometutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMS9OsystemstotheInternetare availableat:^4 `m)mhttp://www.tmesis.com/internet/8 2O15.2.2C ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?UO4ToconnectaprinterviatheIPtelnetorlpr/lpd protocols,youNOwillneedtoinstalland configureanIPstackonOpenVMS,9Oand configurethe appropriateprintqueue.! NGOWithcurrentOpenVMSIPimplementations,thechoiceofQOtelnetorlpr/lpdreallyamountsto determiningwhichoftheseBO5worksbetterwiththe particularprinter involved. NOOTosupportnetwork printing,theprintermustincludeanin-LOternalorexternalNICor JetDirect;anadapter connecting*O5thenetworkandtheprinter.! VQOWhileitisnormallypossibletouseahost-connectedprinter-FOwhenthehostsupportsanLPDortelnetdaemon,andIO5OpenVMSandmostother operatingsystemshavetheabil-OOitytoservelocally-attachedprinterstootherhostsontheOO network-itis generallyfareasierandfarmore effectivetoTO>useaprinterthatisdirectlyattachedtothenetwork.'IfyourOOpresentprinterdoesnothaveaNICora JetDirect,acquireSOaninternal(if available)orexternalNICor JetDirect.'Orre-MOHplacetheprinter.(And obviously,mostany operatingsystemTOthatcanserveitslocalprintersusuallyalsoprovidesaclientAOthatcanaccessremotenetwork-connected printers. NIOpleaseseetheAskTheWizardareatopics-startingwithKOtopic (1020)-for additional informationonIP-basednetworkO5 printing.c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?{OPleaseseeSection15.2.32for informationon Postscriptprint-Oing.' comment>(-)*F? KO15.2.3CHowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?IO4UsingTCP/IPServices(UCX)astheTCP/IPstack,itisDOpossibleto configurequeuesusingthe UCX$TELNETSYMBO(TCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0)orTCPIP$TELNETSYMPO=(withV5.0andlater)inordertoprintto Postscriptprint-POers.'ThisassumeshoweverthattheprinteritselfcanconvertSOwhateverispassedtoitinto something intelligible.'Asanex-MOGample,iftheprinterhasanIPaddressof123.456.789.101@Oandjobsshouldbepassedtoport9100then::O$$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-%l/PROCESSOR=UCX$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queue:O9$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-'/PROCESSOR=TCPIP$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queue QOTheportnumberof9100istypicalofHP JetDirectcardsbut?Omaybe differentforother manufacturerscards. WKOAsabetter alternative,DCPSVersion1.4andlatersup-DOportIPqueues usingeitherHPTCP/IPServicesforAO5OpenVMSsoftwareorProcessSoftwareMultinetforHOOpenVMS.Theusageofthistypeof interfaceisdocu-MOmentedintheDCPS documentationorreleasenotes,andthe9O>DCPS$STARTUP.TEMPLATEstartuptemplatefile. NLOForgeneraland additional(non-Postscript)IPprintingin-PO formation,pleaseseetopic(1020)andothertopics referencedJO5inthattopic elsewherewithintheAskTheWizardarea.c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.B5Alsosee:*|?U+ `m mhttp://www.wotsit.org/vOPleaseseeSection15.2.25forpointerstoan introductiontoIPO printing.*F??IO15.2.4CHowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayong(OpenVMS?HOIfyouhaveTCP/IP Services,thenusethecommandfor-OTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlater:Oi$&TCPIP3OSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTiLOAndforearlierTCP/IPServices versions,usethecommand:O$&UCX3OPSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTNO15.2.5CHowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?GO4Thoughitmayseemobvious,TelnetandLATarequiteFOdifferent-with differing capabilitiesanddesigngoals.f a<HOPleaseseethe documentationaroundtheTCP/IPServices>OforOpenVMSTELNETcommandCREATE_SESSION.ThisJO5commandisthe equivilentofthe operations performedin;O LTLOAD.COMorLAT$SYSTARTUP.COM.ThereisnoJOTELNET equivilenttothe sys$qio[w]control interfaceforDO>LTDRIVER(as documentedintheI/OUser's ReferenceHOManual) available,thoughstandard sys$qio[w]callsref-HOerencingthecreatedTNdevicewouldlikelyoperateasOH expected.! DO15.2.6CWhycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttog(OpenVMSAlpha?IOOpenVMSAlphaIPPPPdoesnot presentlysupportauthen-JO tication,andthe MicrosoftWindowsNToptiontodisableIO=authenticationduringaRAS connection apparentlydoesn'tJO currentlywork-RAS connectionswillrequireauthentication-;OandthiswillthuspreventRAS connections.NHOFutureversionsofOpenVMSandTCP/IPServicesmayaddKOthis,andfutureversionsof MicrosoftWindowsmaypermit5O5 operationswithauthentication disabled." wgDO15.4CHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?IOUMostAlphaandmostVAXsystemshaveaconsolecommandIOthatdisplaysthenetworkhardwareaddress.(ManysystemsSOwillalsohaveasticker identifyingtheaddress,eitheronthe>O^ enclosureoronthenetwork controlleritself.* JOThesystemconsolepower-upmessagesonanumberofVAXNOandAlphasystemswilldisplaythehardwareaddress,partic-MO5ularlyonthosesystemswithan integratedEthernetnetworkOadapterpresent.G+POIfyoucannotlocateastickeronthesystem,ifthesystemMOpowerupmessageis unavailableordoesnotdisplaythead-RO5dress,andifthesystemisattheconsoleprompt,startwith Otheconsolecommand:OHELP ROAconsolecommandsimilartooneofthe followingis typically4Ousedtodisplaythehardwareaddress:OaSHOW&DEVICEOSHOW&ETHERNETOSHOW&CONFIGE+HOOntheoldestVAXQ-bussystems,the followingconsoleLOcommandcanbeusedtoreadtheaddressdirectlyofftheCO5(DELQA,DESQA,orthenot-supported-in-V5.5-and-later'ODEQNA)Ethernet controller:O E/P/W/N:5%20001920ROLookatthelowbyteofthesixwords displayedbytheaboveCOcommand.-(TheoldestVAXQ-bus systems-suchastheDO5KA630 processormoduleusedontheMicroVAXIIandFO VAXstationII series-lackaconsoleHELPcommand,andLOthesesystems typicallyhavetheprimarynetwork controllerOO> installedsuchthatthehardwareaddressvalueislocatedat4Othesystemphysicaladdress 20001920.)GOIfthesystemisaVAXsystem,andanotherVAXsys-HOtemonthenetworkis configuredtoanswer Maintenance?O5and! Operations Protocol (MOP) bootstrap requestsBO(viaDECnetPhaseIV, DECnet-Plus,orLANCP),the=OMOM$SYSTEM:READ_ADDR.EXEtoolcanbe requested:OkB/R5:100%ddcuO Bootfile:% READ_ADDRWLOWhereddcuisthenameoftheEthernet controllerintheDOabovecommand.*TheprimarlylocalDELQA,DESQA,andCO5DEQNAQ-bus controllersareusuallynamedXQA0.+AnCOattempttoMOPdownloadthe READ_ADDRprogramwillKOensue,and(ifthedownloadis successful) READ_ADDRwill*O>displaythehardwareaddress.d:JOIfthesystemisrunning,youcanuseDECnetorTCP/IPLOtodisplaythehardwareaddresswithoneofthe followingO5 commands.O$!%DECnet%Phase%IV O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCP,OISHOW&KNOWN&LINE%CHARACTERISTICSO$!% DECnet-Plus O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL0O^SHOW&CSMA-CD%STATION%*&ALL%STATUS/O$!%TCP/IP%versions%prior%to%V5.0O+$&UCXOsSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL0O$!%TCP/IP%versions%V5.0%and%laterO@$&TCPIPOSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL! WLOAprogramcanbecreatedtodisplaythehardwareaddress,GOreadingthe necessary informationfromthenetworkde-MO5vicedrivers.'AcompleteexampleCprogramforreadingtheKOEthernetorIEEE802.3network controllerhardwareaddressMO(viasys$qiocallstotheOpenVMSnetworkdevice driver(s))1O>is availableatthe followingURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/MOTousetheDECnetPhaseIV configuratortooltowatchfor>OMOPSYSIDactivityonthelocalareanetwork: Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPJOSET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%ENABLEDf baLOLettheDECnetPhaseIV configuratorrunforatleast20IOminutes,and preferablylonger.-Thenissuethe followingO5 commands: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPNOSHOW&MODULE% CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT%STATUS%TO% filename.txtKOISET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%DISABLEDWMOThe resultingfile(named filename.txt)cannowbesearchedKOforthe informationof interest.+MostDECnetsystemswillFO5generateMOPSYSIDmessages identifyingitemssuchasNOthe controllerhardwareaddressandthe controllertype,andIOthesemessagesare generatedand multicastroughlyeveryO>tenminutes. HO InformationontheDECnetMOPSYSIDmessagesandotherOOpartsofthe maintenance protocolsisincludedintheDECnetHO5network architecturespecifications referencedinsectionODOC9. rHO15.4.1CHowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorg( counters?(OOnrecentOpenVMS releases:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP>OYSET%&DEVICE/DEVICE_SPECIFIC=FUNCTION="CCOU"%devnameGO15.4.2CHowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?DO4OnOpenVMSV7.1,allDECnetbinarieswere relocatedPOintoseparate installationkits-youcan selectivelyinstalltheBO appropriatenetwork:- DECnet-Plus (formerlyknownasFO=DECnetOSI),DECnetPhaseIV,andHPTCP/IPServices"O(oftenknownasUCX).T! *DOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.1,DECnetPhaseIVMOwas integrated,andtherewasno installation question.)YouLO5hadtoinstallthe DECnet-Plus (DECnet/OSI)packageontheMOsystem,aftertheOpenVMSupgradeor installation completed.aIODuringanOpenVMSV7.1 installationorupgrade,thein-MO stallation procedurewillqueryyoutolearnif DECnet-PlusMO5shouldbe installed.+Ifyouare upgradingtoV7.1fromanROearlierreleaseorare installingV7.1froma distributionkit,MOsimplyanswer"NO"tothequestionaskingyouifyouwantBO> DECnet-Plus., Then-aftertheOpenVMSupgradeorin-DO stallation completes-usethePCSIPRODUCTINSTALLKOcommandtoinstalltheDECnetPhaseIVbinariesfromtheGOHkitprovidedontheOpenVMSsoftware distributionkit.BA GOIfyoualreadyhave DECnet-Plus installedandwishtoHOrevert,youmust reconfigureOpenVMS.Youcannotrecon-MO5figurethe"live"system,henceyoumustrebootthesystemIOusingtheV7.1 distributionCD-ROM.ThenselecttheDCL=O($$$prompt)option.'Thenissuethe commands:3Ok$$$% DEFINE/SYSTEM%PCSI$SYSDEVICE%DKA0:9O$$$% DEFINE/SYSTEM% PCSI$SPECIFIC& DKA0:[SYS0.]JO$$$%PRODUCT% RECONFIGURE%VMS% /REMOTE/SOURCE=DKA0:[VMS$COMMON]X .FOTheabovecommandsassumethatthetargetsystemde-HOviceandsystemrootare``DKA0:[SYS0.]''..ReplacethisIO5withtheactualtargetdeviceandroot,as appropriate.AOThe RECONFIGUREcommandwillthenissueaseriesJOofprompts.*Youwillwantto reconfigure DECnet-PlusoffMO>thesystem, obviously.*YouwillthenwanttousethePCSIDOcommandPRODUCTINSTALLtoinstalltheDECnetPhase;OIVkitfromtheOpenVMS distributionmedia.NJO InformationonDECnetsupport,andonthekitnames,isFOincludedintheOpenVMSV7.1 installationandupgradeO5documentation.NEO SubsequentOpenVMSupgradeand installation proceduresHOcananddoofferbothDECnetPhaseIVand DECnet-PlusO5installations.})gINDEXINDEX'S9185818589S N8 17-Nov-185817-Nov-1858'S820002000+SN8YearYearh!i  iAAXS&&9AccessControlListEntryAccess Control List Entry/S9ACCVIOACCVIOh)S  8ACEACE+S8ACPIACPI)S  8ACSACS+S8ACTSACTS6BS8AdvancedServerAdvanced Server8S 8Agnew,JimAgnew, Jim!@S8 AllocationClassAllocation Class>SN9FibreChannelFibre Channel<3S N9Non-ZeroNon-Zero7DSN8Volume ShadowingVolume Shadowing7YS&&8 ALLOCLASSsystem parameterALLOCLASS system parameter8-S8AlphaAlpha>S8AlphaPC164LXAlphaPC 164LX>S9AlphaPC164SXAlphaPC 164SX-S9AMASKAMASK 7S 8 AmbassadorAmbassadorF)S  8AMDAMD-S8AMD64AMD640S8ANSICANSI C'S  9APAP/S8ApacheApache'S  9arar 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QDO15.5CHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS'(system?JOThereare third-partyproducts availabletosendmessagesJOtoradiopagingdevices (pagers), communicatingviavari-MO^ous protocolssuchasTAP (Telocator Alphanumeric Protocol);Opaging packages.4!  MORamPage (Ergonomic Solutions)isoneofthe availablepack-GOagesthatcangenerateandtransmitmessagestoradioLO5pagers.'TargetAlert(TargetSystems;formerlytheDECalertKOproduct)isanother.' NetworkingDynamicsCorphasaprod-HOuctcalledPagerPlus.*TheSystemWatchdogpackagecanHO>alsosendpages.)TheProcessSoftwarepackagePMDFcanOOroutespecificemail addressestoapagingservice,aswell. JOMany commercialpagingservicesprovideemailcontactad-KOdressesfortheirpaging customers-youcansimplysendorNO5forwardemaildirectlytotheemailaddressassignedtotheOpager. cMOSomepeople implementthesendingofpagestoradiopagersJObysendingcommandstoamodemtotakethe"phone"offRO5the"hook",andthenthepaging sequence,followedbyadelay,MOandthenthesamenumberthatahumanwoulddialtosendPOanumericpage.((Thisisnotentirely reliable,asthemodemMO>lacks"callprogress detection",andtheprogramcouldsim-OOplysendthedialsequencewhennotreally connectedtotheAOpaging company'stelephone-baseddial-up receiver.)r OSeeSection13.1;for informationonthe availablecatalogofO products.*F?}j 7O15.6COpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandEO Clusters,Volume Shadowing,andCluster-relatedsystemO parameters.thatoperateatthe applicationlevel,whileSCSmustoperatePOintherathermore primitivecontextsofthesystemandpar-NO ticularlythe bootstrap-togetSCStooperateoveraDECnetMOHorIP connectionwouldrequire relocatingmajorportionsofROtheDECnetorIPstackintothekernel.*(AnditisnotclearLOthattheresultwouldevenmeetthe bandwidthandlatencyORexpectations.)2! GOTheusualapproachfor multi-siteOpenVMSClustercon-FO figurationsinvolvesFDDI,MemoryChannel(MC2),oraNO5point-to-pointremotebridge,brouter,orswitch.'Theconnec-POtionmustbe transparent,anditmustoperateat10megabitsMOpersecondorbetter (Ethernetspeed),withlatencycharac-VO> teristicssimilartothatofEthernetorbetter.'Varioussitesuse:OFDDI,MC2,ATM,orpoint-to-pointT3link.! JO15.6.1.2B ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?EO)Thissection discussesOpenVMSClustercommunications,MOcluster terminology,related utilities,andcommandandcon-Otrol interfaces.l@ KB+O 15.6.1.2.1CCluster Terminology?&SCS:Systems CommunicationBO( Services.2Theprotocol usedto communicatebetweenBO VMSClustersystemsandbetweenOpenVMSsystemsandFO SCS-basedstorage controllers.- (SCSI-basedstoragecon-'O2trollersdonotuseSCS.)6!  KOPORT:Acommunicationsdevice,suchasDSSI,CI,EthernetSOorFDDI.EachCIorDSSIbusisa differentlocalport,namedJO5PAA0,PAB0,PAC0etc.(AllEthernetandFDDIbussesmake$OupasinglePEA0port. COVIRTUALCIRCUIT:Areliablecommunicationspathes-PO tablishedbetweenapairofports.(Eachportina VMSclusterNO5 establishesavirtualcircuitwitheveryotherportinthatOcluster. QOAllsystemsandstorage controllers establish"Virtual Circuits"POtoenablecommunicationsbetweenall availablepairsofports. NKOSYSAP:A"system application"that communicatesusingSCS.HOEachSYSAP communicateswitha particularremoteSYSAP.#O5ExampleSYSAPsinclude:5!  5OVMS$DISK_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$DISKFOThediskclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$DISKisonalldisk controllersandall VMSClusterGOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter MSCP_LOADsetto1> 5OVMS$TAPE_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$TAPEFOThetapeclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$TAPEisonalltape controllersandall VMSClusterEOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter TMSCP_LOADsetto O1 W6OVMS$VAXCLUSTERconnectstoVMS$VAXCLUSTERGOThisSYSAPcontainsthe connectionmanager,whichman-RO5agescluster connectivity,runstheclusterstate transitional-KOgorithm,and implementstheclusterquorum algorithm.'ThisLOSYSAPalsohandleslocktraffic,andvariousothercluster$O>communications functions.{5OSCS$DIR_LOOKUPconnectsto SCS$DIRECTORYFOThisSYSAPisusedtofindSYSAPsonremotesystems OMSCPandTMSCPEOTheMassStorageControlProtocolandtheTapeMSCPJO5serversareSYSAPsthatprovideaccesstodiskandtapeJOstorage, typically operatingoverSCS protocols.*MSCPandEOTMSCPSYSAPsexistwithinOpenVMS(forOpenVMShostsKO>servingdisksandtapes),withinCI-and DSSI-basedstor-FOage controllers,andwithin host-basedMSCP-orTMSCPKOstorage controllers.(MSCPandTMSCPcanbeusedtoserveGOHMSCPandTMSCPstoragedevices,andcanalsobeusedBOtoserveSCSIandothernon-MSCP/non-TMSCPstorageOdevices.! DOSCS CONNECTION:ASYSAPononenode establishesanOOSCS connectiontoits counterpartonanothernode.&Thiscon-HO5nectionwillbeonONEANDONLYONEofthe availableOvirtual circuits.7O 15.6.1.2.2CClusterCommunicationsControl?nWhenthereAO(are multiple virtual circuits between two OpenVMSAOsystems itis possiblefortheVMS$VAXCLUSTERtoBOVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectiontouseanyoneoftheseOO2 circuits.,Alllocktrafficbetweenthetwosystemswillthen6Otravelontheselectedvirtualcircuit.! \NOEachporthasa"LOADCLASS" associatedwithit.(ThisloadMOclasshelpsto determinewhichvirtualcircuita connectionSO5willuse.+IfoneporthasahigherloadclassthanallothersTOthenthisportwillbeused.(IftwoormoreportshaveequallyVOhighloadclassesthenthe connectionwillusethefirstoftheseNO>thatitfinds.,NormallyallCIandDSSIportshavealoadQOclassof14(hex),whiletheEthernetandFDDIportswillhave%OaloadclassofA(hex).\ 2OOFor instance,ifyouhavemultipleDSSIbussesandanFDDI,FOtheVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectionwillchosetheDSSIbusSO5asthispathhasthesystemdisk,andthuswillalwaysbetheJOfirstDSSIbus discoveredwhentheOpenVMSsystemboots. NUOToforcealllocktrafficofftheDSSIandontotheFDDI,forSO instance,an adjustmenttotheloadclassvalueis required,or3O5theDSSISCSportmustbe disabled.! WMONotethatwithPEports,youcan typically immediatelyre-QOenablethepath, permittingfailovertooccurshould congestionOO5oraproblemarise-arunningaverageofthepathlatencyisNOcheckedwhenthevirtualcircuitisformed,andatperiodicKO intervals(circaeverythree seconds),andwhenaproblem,O>withavirtualcircuitarises.w MKOInthecaseof PEDRIVER,thedriverhandlesloadbalanc-FOingamongthe availableEthernetandFDDI connectionsVO5basedonthelowestlatencypath availabletoit.'TrafficwillbeOOroutedthroughthatpathuntilaneventoccursthatrequiresOa fail-over.! ANO 15.6.1.2.3CClusterCommunicationsControlToolsand Utilities? In>O(mostOpenVMS versions,youcanusethetools:_ `m$mSYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$STOP_BUS `%SYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$START_BUS|SOThesetoolspermityoutodisableorenableallSCStrafficon)Otheonthe specifiedpaths.! WNOYoucanalsousea preferredpath mechanismthattellstheJOlocalMSCPdiskclassdriver (DUDRIVER)whichpathtoaPO5diskshouldbeused.( Generally,thisisusedwith dual-pathedTOdisks,forcingI/Otrafficthroughoneofthe controllersinsteadQOoftheother.)Thiscanbeusedto implementacrudeformof:O>I/Oload balancingatthediskI/Olevel.uKKOPriortoV7.2,the preferredpathfeatureusesthetool:V, `m!mSYS$EXAMPLES:PREFER.MARz~LOInOpenVMSV7.2andlater,youcanusethe followingDCLOcommand: Oa$&SET%PREFERRED_PATHJOThe preferredpath mechanismdoesnotdisablenoraffect8OSCS operationsonthe non-preferredpath.NLOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,pleaseseetheSCACPutilityMOforcontroloverclustercommunications,SCSvirtualcircuit3O5control,port selection,andrelated.7O15.6.2CClusterSystem Parameter Settings?OO4The followingsectionscontaindetailsof configuringcluster-&Orelatedsystem parameters. MO15.6.2.1BWhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?BOvThe VMScluster connectionmanagerusestheconceptFOofvotesandquorumtopreventdiskandmemorydataIO'corruptions-when sufficientvotesarepresentforquorum,NOthenaccessto resourcesis permitted.)When sufficientvotesNOarenotpresent,useractivitywillbeblocked..TheactofSO1blockinguseractivityiscalleda"quorumhang",andisbetterNOthoughtofasa"userdata integrity interlock".*Thismech-LOanismisdesignedtopreventa partitioned VMScluster,and;O;the resultantmassivediskdata corruptions.;ThequorumKO mechanismis expresslyintendedtopreventyourdatafrom(Obecomingseverely corrupted.}! SMOOneachOpenVMSnodeina VMScluster,onesetstwovalues@OinSYSGEN:VOTES,andEXPECTED_VOTES.TheformerLO5ishowmanyvotesthenode contributestothe VMScluster.SOThelatteristhetotalnumberofvotesexpectedwhenthefull'O VMSclusteris bootstrapped.! `DOSomesites erroneouslyattempttosetEXPECTED_VOTESNOtoolow, believingthatthiswillallowwhenonlyasubsetMO5ofvotingnodesarepresentina VMScluster.,Itdoesnot.GOFurther,an erroneoussettinginEXPECTED_VOTESisau-JO tomatically correctedonce VMScluster connectionstootherQO>nodesare established;userdataisatriskofseverecorrup-OOtionsduringtheearliestandmost vulnerableportionofthePOsystem bootstrap,beforethe connectionshavebeen established.J!  NOOnecanoperatea VMSclusterwithone,two,ormanyvotingKOnodes.*Withanybutthetwo-nodeconfiguration,keepingaRO5subsetofthenodesactivewhensomenodesfailcanbeeasilyMO configured.'Withthetwo-nodeconfiguration,onemustuseaJOprimary-secondary configuration(wheretheprimaryhasallNO>thevotes),apeer configuration(wherewheneithernodeisPOdown,theotherhangs),or (preferable)asharedquorumdisk.WIOUseofaquorumdiskdoesslowdown VMSclustertransi-MOtionssomewhat-theadditionofathirdvotingnodethatOO5 contributesthevote(s)thatwouldbeassignedtothequorumLOdiskmakesforfastertransitions-buttheuseofaquorumKOdiskdoesmeanthateithernodeinatwo-node VMSclusterHO> configurationcanoperatewhentheothernodeisdown. _HOIfyouchoosetouseaquoumdisk,a QUORUM.DATfileLOwillbe automaticallycreatedwhenOpenVMSfirstbootsandIO5whenaquorumdiskis specified-well,the QUORUM.DATKOfilewillbecreatedwhenOpenVMSisbootedwithoutalso7Oneedingthevotesfromthequorumdisk.NJOInatwo-node VMSclusterwithasharedstorage intercon-OOnect, typicallyeachnodehasonevote,andthequorumdiskDO5alsohasonevote.'EXPECTED_VOTESissettothree.T*EOUsingaquorumdiskona non-shared interconnectisLOunnecessary-theuseofaquorumdiskdoesnotprovideanyNO5value,andthevotesassignedtothequorumdiskshouldbeKOassignedtotheOpenVMShostservingaccesstothedisk. HOFor informationonquorumhangs,seetheOpenVMSdocu-DO mentation.)For informationonchangingthe EXPECTED_QO5VOTESvalueonarunningsystem,seetheSETCLUSTER/EXPECTED_GOVOTEScommand,andseethe documentationfortheAMDSIOand AvailabilityManagertools./Alsoof potentialinter-IO>estistheOpenVMSsystemconsole documentationfortheLOprocessor-specificconsolecommandsusedtotriggertheIPCGO (InterrruptPriorityLevel%x0C;IPLC)handler.,AMDS,GOH AvailabilityManager,andtheIPChandlercaneachbeMOusedtoclearaquorumhang.)UseofAMDSand AvailabilityGOManageris generally recommendedoverIPC, particularlyGORbecauseIPCcancauseCLUEXIT bugchecksifthesystemNOshouldremainhaltedbeyondtheclustersanitytimerlimits. NOThequorumschemeisasetof``bladeguards'' deliberatelyBO implementedbyOpenVMS EngineeringtoprovidedataKO5integrity-removethesebladeguardsatyourperil.'OpenVMSO Engineeringdid not/2 implementthequorum mechanismto mechanismwas specifically implementedtokeepyourdata#Ofromgetting scrambled.; _KO15.6.2.2BExplaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?HO)The allocationclass mechanismprovidesthesystemman-NOagerwithawayto configureandresolveservedanddirectOOpathstostoragedeviceswithinacluster.)AnyserveddeviceKO3thatprovidesmultiplepathsshouldbe configuredusingaJOnon-zero allocationclass,eitherattheMSCP(orTMSCP)UOstorage controllers,attheport(forport allocation classes),orHO<attheOpenVMSMSCP(orTMSCP)server.)All controllersNOorservers providingapathtothesamedeviceshouldhavePOthesame allocationclass(attheport, controller,orserverOFlevel). WOOEachdisk(ortape)unitnumberusedwithinanon-zerodiskOO(ortape) allocationclassmustbeunique, regardlessoftheNO5 particulardeviceprefix.)Forthepurposesof multi-pathde-NOvicepathdetermination,anydisk(ortape)devicewiththeJOsameunitnumberandthesamedisk(ortape) allocationGO>class configurationisassumedtobethesamedevice. ^NOIfyouare reconfiguringdiskdevice allocationclasses,youQOwillwanttoavoidtheuseof allocationclassone($1$)un-MO5 til/unlessyouhaveFibreChannelstorage configured.((FibreLOChannelstorage specificallyrequirestheuseof allocation&Oclass$1$.'eg:' $1$DGA0:.) ! J_NO 15.6.2.2.1CHowto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathOSCSI?JtTheHSZ allocationclassisappliedtodevices,startingNOvwithOpenVMSV7.2.*Itis consideredaport allocationclassPO(PAC),andalldevicenameswithaPAChavetheir controllerUO'letterforcedto"A".((YoumightinferfromthethetextintheMO "GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurations"thatthisisLO somethingyouhavetodo,thoughOpenVMSwill thoughtfully,O1handlethisrenamingforyou.)|  RNOYoucanforcethedevicenamesbacktoDKBbysettingtheQOHSZ allocationclasstozero,andsettingthePKBPACto-1.UO5Thiswillusethehost allocationclass,andwillleavethecon-XOtrollerletteralone(thatis,theDK controllerletterwillbethePOsameastheSCSIport(PK) controller).(Notethatthiswon'tOO>workiftheHSZis configuredinmultibusfailovermode.)InOOthiscase,OpenVMSrequiresthatyouusean allocationclassOfortheHSZ. ! UEOWhenyour configurationgetseven moderatelycomplex,NOyoumustpaycareful attentiontohowyouassignthethreeOO5kindsof allocationclass:*node,portandHSZ/HSJ,asother-POwiseyoucouldwindupwithdevicenaming conflictsthatcan#Obepainfultoresolve.9 JOThe display-ablepath informationisforSCSI multi-path,KOandpermitsthe multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenQO5 differentpathstothesamedevice.)IfyouhavetwopathstoGO $1$DKA100,forexamplebyhavingtwoKZPBA controllersKOandtwoSCSIbusestotheHSZ,youwouldhavetwoUCBsLO>ina multi-pathset.,Thepath informationisusedbytheKO multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenthesetwoUCBs.! NOThe displayablepath information describesthepath;inthisSOcase,theSCSIport.'IfportisPKB,that'sthepathnameyouRO5get.(Thedevicenameisnolonger completelytiedtotheportNOname;thedevicenamenowdependsonthevarious allocationFOclasssettingsofthe controller,SCSIportornode. kNOThereasonthedevicename's controllerletterisforcedtoKO"A"whenyouusePACsisbecauseasharedSCSIbusmayNO5be configuredvia differentportsonthevariousnodescon-MOnectedtothebus.+TheportmaybePKBononenode,andMOPKContheother.+Rather obviously,youwillwanttohaveNO>theshareddevicesusethesamedevicenamesonallnodes.ROTo establishthis,youwillassignthesamePAConeachnode,OOandOpenVMSwillforcethe controllerlettertobethesameMOHoneachnode.(Simplychoosing"A"waseasierandmorede-OO terministicthan negotiatingthe controllerletterbetweentheQOnodes,andalso parallelsthesolutionusedforthis situation6ORwhenDSSIorSDI/STIstoragewasused.NIOToenableport allocationclasses,seetheSYSBOOTcom-?Omand SET/BOOT,andseethe DEVICE_NAMINGsystemO5 parameter. POThis informationisalso describedintheClusterSystemsandEO GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurationsmanuals.6! ` DO15.6.3CTellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC>O4TheOpenVMSDCLcommandsSETHOST/DUPandSETNOHOST/HSCareusedtoconnecttostorage controllersviatheKO DiagnosticsandUtilityProtocol(DUP).Thesecommandsre-JO=quirethattheFYDRIVERdevicedriverbe connected.*ThisJOdevicedriver connectionis typically performedbyaddingIOthe following command(s)intothesystemstartupcommandOG procedure:iOOnOpenVMSAlpha:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSMANBOPSYSMAN>&IO&CONNECT%"FYA0/NOADAPTER/DRIVER=SYS$FYDRIVERihOOnOpenVMSVAX:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTERNEO AlternativestotheDCLSETHOST/DUPcommandincludeHOtheconsoleSETHOSTcommand availableonvariousmid-,O5torecent-vintageVAX consoles:!EOAccessto ParametersonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&PARAMS!OOAccessto DirectoryoftoolsonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&DIRECTiAOAccessto ParametersonaKFQSADSSI controller:AOSHOW&UQSSP&!%to%get&port_controller_number%PARAMS=OPSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSa 7FOTheseconsolecommandsare availableonmostMicroVAXIOand VAXstation3xxxseriessystems,andmost(all?)*VAXNO54xxxseriessystems.(Forfurther information,seethesystemEO documentationand-onmostVAX systems-seetheconsoleOHELPtext. a DSSI-basedVMScluster-andmostoftheconceptscov-MOeredaredirectly applicabletoOpenVMSAlphasystems.'ThisHOmanual specificallycoversthe hardware,whichissome-EOHthingnotcoveredbythestandardOpenVMS VMSclusterOdocumentation.)OAlsoseeSection15.3.3,+andfortheSCSnameoftheOOpenVMShostseeSection5.6.*F?*|?! @O15.6.4CHowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)PO4IfyouwanttorenumberorrenameDSSIdisksorDSSItapes,?Oit'seasy-ifyouknowthesecretincantation... aaOFromOpenVMS:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTEROSYSGEN>&^ZFO$&SET%"HOST/DUP/SERV=MSCP$DUP/TASK=PARAMS& O(...OpPARAMS>&STAT%CONFSOOPARAMS>&EXIT OH...! NIOFromtheconsoleonmost3000-and 4000-classVAXsys-ROtem consoles...& (Obviously,thesystemmustbehaltedfortheseO5 commands...)!]O IntegratedDSSI:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:[0:1]]%dssi_node_number&PARAMSw !MOKFQSA:=OSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSB! JOFor informationonhowtogetoutintothePARAMSsub-POsystem,alsoseetheHELPattheconsolepromptfortheSETGO5HOSTsyntax,orseetheHELPonSETHOST/DUP(once7Oyou've connectedFYDRIVERunder OpenVMS).0"! KOOnceyouareoutintothePARAMS subsystem,youcanuseFOtheFORCEUNIoptiontoforcetheuseoftheUNITNUMGO5valueandthensetauniqueUNITNUMinsideeachDSSIOOISE-thiscauseseachDSSIISEtousethespecfiedunitnum-LOberandnotusetheDSSInodeastheunitnumber.+OtherFO> parametersofinterestareNODENAMEand ALLCLASS,theMOnodenameandthe(diskortape)cluster allocationclass.#WKOEnsurethatalldiskunitnumbersusedwithinanOpenVMSNOClusterdisk allocationclassareunique,andalltapeunitDO5numbersusedwithinanOpenVMSClustertapealloca-KOtionclassarealsounique.-FordetailsontheSCSname&OoftheOpenVMShost,see Section5.6.FordetailsofSETO> HOST/DUP,see>Section15.6.3.*# ?*#?$6 DO15.6.5CWherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)g( information? `@6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/index.htmlP%V&?O15.6.6CHowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?CO4Reviewthe VMSclusterdocumentation,andtheSystemCO Managementdocumentation.-The followingarethekeyPOpoints,butarelikelynottheonlythingsyouwillneedtoO=change.A&MOOpenVMSClustersupportisdirectly integratedintotheop-OOeratingsystem,andthereisnowaytoremoveit.*Youcan,NO5however,remote site-specific tailoringthatwasaddedfora-O particularclusterconfiguration.' NMOFirst:'Create restorableimageBACKUPsofeachofthecur-NOrentsystemdisks.)If somethinggetsmessedup,youwanta#O5waytorecover,right?(! NHOCreate standaloneBACKUPkitsfortheOpenVMSVAXsys-KOtems,andcreateoracquirebootableBACKUPkitsforthe"O5OpenVMSAlphasystems.) N9OUseCLUSTER_CONFIGorCLUSTER_CONFIG_LANtoQOremovethevarioussystemrootsandtoshutoffbootservices$O5and VMScluster settings.I*! JOCreateasmanyarchitecture-specificcopiesofthesystemSOdisksas required.'RealizethatthenewsystemswillalllikelyNO5bebootingthroughrootSYS0-ifyouhaveanysystem-specific4Ofilesinanyotherroots,savethem.+! uOORelocatethecopiesofthe VMSclustercommonfilesontoeach&Oofthenewsystemdisks.,yMOResettheconsole parametersandbootflagsoneachsystem,Oforuseona standalonenode.-y;OResetthe VAXCLUSTERandNISCS_LOAD_PEA0pa->Orametersto0inSYSGENandinMODPARAMS.DAT.~.TCOClobberthe VMSclustergroupIDandpasswordusingOSYSMAN.s/IIORebootthesystems seperately,andrunAUTOGENoneach.0! ^NOShutoffMOPservicesviaNCPorLANCPonthebootserverOnodes.S1 K)MO Permanent seperationalsorequiresthe duplicationofsharedSOfiles.*Foralistofthefilescommonlyshared,pleaseseetheFO5mostcurrentversionof SYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE,MOand specificallyaversionfromOpenVMSV7.2orlater.(TheGO followingfilesare typicallysharedwithinacluster:k Filename:Bkdefault% directory%(in&common%root)%and%file%type:SYSUAFSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT SYSUAFALTSYS$SYSTEM:.DATBSYSALFBSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT RIGHTSLISTSYS$SYSTEM:.DATNETPROXYSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT NET$PROXYSYS$SYSTEM:.DATb NETOBJECTbSYS$SYSTEM:.DATNETNODE_REMOTESYS$SYSTEM:.DAT QMAN$MASTER= SYS$SYSTEM:&(this&is&a%set&of&related%files): LMF$LICENSE:SYS$SYSTEM:.LDBVMSMAIL_PROFILESYS$SYSTEM:.DATA VMS$OBJECTSSYS$SYSTEM:.DATVMS$AUDIT_SERVERSYS$MANAGER:.DATZVMS$PASSWORD_HISTORYZSYS$SYSTEM:.DATANETNODE_UPDATESYS$MANAGER:.COMVMS$PASSWORD_POLICYSYS$LIBRARY:.EXE2LAN$NODE_DATABASE*2 SYS$SYSTEM:LAN$NODE_DATABASE.DAT2! dUOAlsoseethetopicson ``cluster divorce'{ { 'intheAskTheWizardOarea.c39 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/4NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*4|?5YBO Informationonchanging nodenamesisincludedinOSection5.6.*5O|?6 1O15.6.7CDetailsonVolume Shadowing?FO4Thissectioncontains informationon host-basedvolumeOO shadowing;onthedisk mirroring capabilities availablewithinOOpenVMS.$7MO15.6.7.1BDoesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?KOvYes,useof host-basedVolume ShadowingrequiresthatthePOdisk(s)involvedbe configuredinanon-zero allocationclass.8 BOEditSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATtoincludeadeclara-ROtionofannon-zero allocationclass,suchassettingthehost/O5 allocationclasstothevalue7:O ALLOCLASS%=%7]933OThenAUTOGENthesystem,andreboot.:A zNOYoushouldnowbeabletoformtheshadowsetviaacom-)Omandsuchasthe following:JOa$&MOUNT&dsa1007:&/SHADOW=($7$dkb300:,$7$dkb500:)% volumelabelS;)JOWhen operatinginanOpenVMSCluster,thissequencewillIO typicallychangethedisknamesfromtheSCSNODEprefixJO5(scsnode$dkann)totheallocation-classprefix ($7$dkannn).JOThismayprovideyouwiththe opportunitytomovetoaFOdevice-independentschemeusinglogicalname constructsLO>suchastheDISK$volumelabellogicalnamesinyourstartupIOand application environments;an opportunitytoweedout'Ophysicaldevice references.%<LO AllocationclassoneisusedbyFibreChanneldevices; itPOcanbebesttouseanothernon-zero allocationclassevenifMO5FibreChannelisnot currently configuredandnot currentlyOplanned.*=   !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"""############$$$$$%%%%%%&'''(((((((((((((((((()))))*******+++++++++++++++++++++++,-----..////01223444455665557555589:::::::;;;;<========>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>????????????????????????????@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@AAAAAAAAAAAAABCCCCDDDDDDDEEEEEEEEEEEFFFFGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHIIIJJJJJJJKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKLLLLLLLMMMMMNNNNNNNOOOOOOOOOPPPPPQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRSSSTTTTTTUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUVWWWWWWWWWWWWXXXXYYYZZZ[[[\\]]]]]]]^^^^^^^____``aabbbbcccccdeeefffffgghhhhhhhhhhhhhiiiijjjjjjjjjjkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkklmmmmnnnnnnnooopqqqqrrrrrrrsssstttuuuuuuvvvwxxxxxxxxxxxyyzzz{|||}}}}}}~~~~~}Preface/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)ContributorsContributorsContributorsContributors%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information3Old FAQ Section Notations Available in IndexThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine Print1. Introduction61.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know? Table 1- 1: Core Websites21.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?<1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?31.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?@1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?2. General Information02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?/2.2.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?,2.3 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?,2.3 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?<2.4 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.4 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.4 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.4 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS??2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available??2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available??2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available??2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available?%Table 2- 1: OpenVMS Media Kits?2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available?#Table 2- 2: OpenVMS ECO Kits?2.5 What OpenVMS CD-ROM distribution kits are available?6Table 2- 3: OpenVMS Source Listings CD-ROM Kits/2.6 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.6 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.6 In what language is OpenVMS written?72.7 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licensees?72.7 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.7.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?32.7.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?32.7.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?I2.7.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.7.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.7.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.7.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?<2.7.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?92.8 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?92.8 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?92.8 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?B2.9 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to Intel (IA-32) systems?=2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.10 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.11 What version of OpenVMS do I need?6Table 2- 4: OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-Thumb.2.12 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.12 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.12 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.13 Porting applications to OpenVMS?H2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.14 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.15 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?'2.16 Basic Units of Measurement?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.16.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?22.16.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.16.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.16.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.16.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?3. Documentation=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites93.3 OpenVMS Product Information Telephone Numbers?$Table 3- 2: Telephone NumbersH3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?H3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?93.5 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals?G3.7 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS?3.7.1 Tutorial Websites?,Table 3- 3: OpenVMS Tutorial Websites,Table 3- 3: OpenVMS Tutorial Websites!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?Table 3- 4: DP Books!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?43.8 What OpenVMS mailing lists are available?(Table 3- 5: OpenVMS Mailing Lists@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?4. Time and TimekeepingE4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.1 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.2 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?84.2.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?34.2.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...4.2.1.1.1 TOY clock4.2.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME 4.2.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.2.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR54.2.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...54.2.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip4.2.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME%4.2.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.2.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.2.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCKA4.2.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.2.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.2.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.2.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.3 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?34.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.1 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?54.3.2 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.2 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.2 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.2 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.3 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.4.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?'5. System Management Information&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.3 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?75.4 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.4 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.4 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.4 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.5 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?@5.5.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?@5.5.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.5.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.6 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System??5.7 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.7 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.7 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.8 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?65.9 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?45.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths45.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths45.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths45.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths45.9.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths.5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths.5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths.5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths.5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths.5.9.2 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths25.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths25.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths25.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths25.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths25.9.3 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information<5.9.4 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information&5.9.5 OpenVMS Alpha Terminology&5.9.5 OpenVMS Alpha TerminologyM5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.10 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?G5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.11 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.12 How do I change the volume label of a disk?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?05.13 How can I set up a shared directory?<5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.14 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?B5.15 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers?%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.15.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.15.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350.5.15.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.15.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.15.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D205.15.4 Radeon 75005.15.4 Radeon 7500?5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.16 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?55.17 How do I move the queue manager database?55.17 How do I move the queue manager database?55.17 How do I move the queue manager database?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.18 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.19 How do I reset the error count(s)?E5.20 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I cob} }py SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.21 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?55.22 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.22 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.22 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.22 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes??5.23 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.23 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.23 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?:5.24 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.24 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.24 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?35.25 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.25 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.25 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?M5.26 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?M5.26 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.27 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.28 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed??5.29 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.29 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.29 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.29 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station??5.30 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?>5.31 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>5.31 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?D5.32 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.32 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.32 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.32 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?J5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.33 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?H5.34 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?<5.35 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.35 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.35 What software is needed for Postscript printers?=5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.36 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?D5.37 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832CD5.37 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832C+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.38 Resolving License PAK Problems?05.39 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.39 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.39 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.39 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.40 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?;5.41 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?45.41.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?F5.41.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?F5.41.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?:5.41.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?:5.41.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.41.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.41.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.41.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset??5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.41.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape?55.41.6 How to perform a security disk erasure?55.41.6 How to perform a security disk erasure?55.41.6 How to perform a security disk erasure?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.41.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.41.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?5.41.7.1.1 MiniCopy?5.41.7.1.1 MiniCopy?5.41.7.1.2 MiniMerge?5.41.7.1.2 MiniMerge?6. Information on MailL6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?"7. Information on Utilities77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?8. DCL Details18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?-8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?-8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?48.4 How do I generate a random number in DCL?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?98.8 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?28.9 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?9. Files%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?*10. OpenVMS Programming InformationE10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?A10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?<10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?410.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?C10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?H10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?E10.22 Compaq C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?11. DECwindowsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?.Table 11- 1: X Windows Display CommandsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?J11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?J11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?G11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?G11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?G11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?G11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?G11.5 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.6 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?911.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?G11.10 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?G11.10 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?711.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?911.14 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?911.14 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?=11.15 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transport$12. Miscellaneous InformationI12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I checb} }k for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?%13. Finding and using SoftwareE13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?F13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilities+13.2.2 C system and library routines+13.2.2 C system and library routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS? 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?313.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script??13.6 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number??13.6 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.7 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?513.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?513.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?513.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?513.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?513.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?@13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?@13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?@13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?@13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.12 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?213.13 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.13 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.13 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?14. Hardware InformationI14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?914.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?F14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?F14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?414.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?814.3.5.1 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?814.3.5.1 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?614.3.5.2 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?614.3.5.2 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?914.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?514.9 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?:14.12 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?D14.13 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?414.16 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?@14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?@14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?N14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadN14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadB14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?C14.26.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?314.26.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts?214.27 Looking for connector wiring pinouts??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?714.29 What is flow control and how dXb) )oes it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?.14.30 CD-R and DVD device requirements?/15. Information on Networks and Clusters.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?&15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?*15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?.15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?F15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?015.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?>15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?@15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?015.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)F15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?*15.6.7 Details on Volume Shadowing?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes? Ffaq_prefacefaq_preface_sectioncontributorsfaqarchivesproductionsecindex tfpfaq_introductionintro_urls tbl_core_websites!intro_newsgroups"intro1#intro2(intro7)intro3,intro42intro5;intro6BfeedbackCintro8FambassadorsImarketingJintro8_techMfaq_generalN vms1^ vms2b vms3c vms4e vms5i vms7mtbl_cd_mediaotbl_eco_mediaqtbl_listings_mediar vms8uvmslicensesw vms9hvmseduvms9dspp vms9 vms10 vms11 vms12 vms13tbl_rot vms14 vms15 vms16 vms17 unitsprog14prog15misc22faq_documentation doc1 doc2tbl_websites doc6tbl_telephone doc4 doc5 doc10 doc11doc11_1tbl_tutorialsdoc11_2tbl_dp_books doc13tbl_email doc14 doc12faq_timetime12 time1time11time11_detailstoyclockvax_systimetodcbase todr%alpha_details&bb_watch'alpha_systime(hwclock+ time9. time25 time6; time3@ time8D time7Q time4e time5rtime13{time10faq_management mgmt1 mgmt2 mgmt3 mgmt4 mgmt5mgmt5amgmt5b mgmt9mgmt11mgmt15mgmt16alpha_pathvax_pathcluster_pathsupportterminologymgmt17mgmt18mgmt19mgmt21mgmt23 mgmt24  elsapowerstorm300powerstorm3d30!radeon7500#mgmt256mgmt279mgmt30?mgmt31Smgmt32Tmgmt33`mgmt34dmgmt37gmgmt38jmgmt39mmgmt40omgmt41vmgmt43}mgmt46mgmt48mgmt49mgmt50mgmt51mgmt52mgmt53mgmt56mgmt57mgmt59mgmt60mgmt62mgmt35mgmt35_10mgmt35_12mgmt35_16mgmt35_20mgmt64mgmt20mgmt12mgmterasemgmtelnetvtmgmt63mgmt63_mcmgmt63_mmfaq_mail mail7 mail9mail10faq_utilities util1 util2 util3 util4  util5 util6faq_dcl dcl1 dcl3! dcl4$ dcl5% dcl6( dcl7. dcl83 dcl94 dcl105 dcl11; dcl12>faq_files? file1B file2F file3J file4N file5] file6b file7rfiledvdcd| rrd42 file8 file9filexfcfaq_progprefixes prog1 prog2 prog3 prog4 prog5 prog7 prog8 prog9prog10prog11prog12prog13prog16prog17prog18prog19prog20prog21prog22prog23 soft5commonccommonc2prog101faq_decwindows decw1tbl_xdisplay" decw2% decw3' decw4) decw5. decw69 decw9@decw10Fdecw11Kdecw12Mdecw13Rdecw14Ydecw15_decw16adecw17bfaq_miscellaneousc misc2qmisc12smisc13}misc14misc20faq_software soft1  soft2  posixcxwindowstcpiptools vi gnu# gcc( soft31 soft49 soft6> soft7@ soft8H soft9Osoft10Tsoft12fsoft13jsoft14tvaxemulwfaq_hardwarexalpha2~alpha5consolealpha20srmpalcodecomportsalpha24 vax9 vax10 vax1alpha12vaxalphar5alpha11 vax7alpha7alphasrmfwalpha6alpha14alpha21 vcsplatformsupportalpha8alphapcalpha13alpha15alpha22alpha22aalpha23 itan1 itan2alpha9alpha10alpha16alpha17alpha18alpha19 vax2! vax3" vax4# vax5+ vax8/ vax110 supp18 supp2: supp3A supp4K supp5R supp6V supp7X supp8Z supp9amisc21pmisc21lists scsi1t scsi2uwires1}wires2wires3cddvddevfaq_networks net2 vmsip net1net100 mgmt6mgmt28mgmt36 misc9vmsdecnetnet200 misc6mgmt58 misc7misc17mgmt14misc15vmsclustersvmsscsmisc19mgmt47mgmt47scstermmgmt47scsutilmgmt47scstoolclusterparamsmgmt10mgmt61 mgmt42mgmt13mgmt26$mgmt44%mgmt456volshad7mgmt54 >@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-I-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1> -ADOBE-Courier-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1  >! {6OOpenVMS" Frequently"Asked! Questions!(FAQ)EO,ThisistheOpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)COpostingforthe comp.os.vmsand comp.sys.decusenetO newsgroups. _q-fb SuggestionsandUpdatesWelcome! _q HWPleasesendyour suggestionsforchanges, additions,or6 correctionsdirectlytotheFAQEditor.  *Please!'NoSupport Questions!  +WPleasedo =Wnot2Wsend technical questionstotheFAQ'Editor.0TheFAQeditoris not)inapositiontoAanswergeneral questions,nortoprovidesupport.FaRather,pleasepostyour questionstothe appropriateC newsgroup,orpleasecontactyourpreferedhardware;orsoftwaresupportorganization(s) directly.v LBWYour understandinginthisisgreatly appreciated.   `ROIfyoubelieveany particular discussionworthyof inclusioninNOafutureeditionoftheFAQand particularlyonceyouhave'O5orknowboththequestion 5and*5theanswer,pleasethensendNOtheentire discussionalongtotheFAQEditorfor potentialO inclusion. LOThankyou! +Postto NewsgroupsWithCare! #Pleaseconsiderreading;Section1.3beforepostingto7the comp.os.vmsoranyother newsgroups. 0* ;P}?2! kO ContributorsKO4Manypeoplehave contributedtothisFAQ,directlyand/orPO indirectly.)Inmanycases,partorallofananswerincludedOOintheFAQhasbeenadaptedfromoneormorepostingsfromIO=the comp.os.vmsorothernewsgroup-thisthough individualMO citationsandspecific quotationsare generallynotincludedROinthisFAQ.(TheFAQeditorwishestothanktoallofthoseJOGfolkswhopostanswerstothe newsgroups,andthathave9O contributedtothecontentsofthisFAQ.)W! -NOThe followingisan incompletelistofthefolksthathaveKO contributeddirectlyor indirectlytothecontentsoftheCO5OpenVMSFAQ. Additions, corrections,andupdatestoLOthislistof contributorsandtothecontentsoftheFAQLOitselfarewelcome,andall omissionsand misspellingsareQO>unintentional.'Thankstoeachofthe contributorshere,andtoSOallofthefolksthathave participatedintheFAQandintheO newsgroups.! mLOPaul Anderson,Jason Armistead,Zoltan Arpadffy,JohnAtoZ,HOBailey,JeremyBegg,ColinBlake,Ken Blaylock,KennethDO5Block,Bol,CraigBerry,Mark Berryman,JimBecker,GOVerellBoaen,Bol,JimBrankin,RichardBrodie,RobertKOAlanByer,Jeff Campbell,Scott Campbell,AntonioCarlini,GO>Keith Cayemberg,KenChaney,Cristy,JohnCroll,DavidJOJ. Dachtera,Robert Deininger,Dale Dellutri,LeoDemers,EOSueDenham,ThomasDickey,EricDittman,JimDunham,MOHEric,Glenn Everhart,Ken Fairfield,YaacovFenster,GuntherLO Froehlin,Harry Garonzik,DerekGarson,John Gillings,AndyHO Goldstein,ClairGrant,HunterGoatley,Ruth Goldenberg,HORVance Haemmerle,KiSukHahn,SHarris,FletcherHearns,FOPhillipHelbig,HeinvandenHeuvel,StephenHoffman,BOEberhardHeuser-Hofmann,SueHolt,Horn,Jaf,LeifEO[Jansson,KevinJenkins,HenryJuengst,inazu_k,GeoffOO Kingsmill,Fred Kleinsorge,FelixKreisel,VeliKorkko,RuslanKO R.Laishev,Norm Lastovica,p_lee,Jerry Leichter,RichardEOeLevitte,SteveLionel,KerryMain,JohnE. Malmberg,HODavidMathog,DaleMiller,DickMunroe,PatrickMoreau,NO Morrison,otis,George Pagliarulo,KeithParris,Plass,pvhp,KOoDavidRabahy,Stan Rabinowitz,Mike Raspuzzi,SteveReece,BOAaron Sakovich,WarrenSander,MarkSchafer,BrianCO Schenkenberger,AtlantSchmidt,WayneSewell,StevenLOx Shamlian,Sue Skonetski,ScottSnadow,ScottSquires,stfp,@ODaveSweeney,Mike Thompson,ArneVajhj,MartinEO)  Vorlnder,PeterWeaver,WilliamWebb, Williams,Paul!O  Winalski,UweZinser. WGOAgain, anyomissionfromthislistandanyerrorsorJO misspellingsareentirelyunintentional.-PleasenotifytheKO5FAQeditorofany omissions, corrections,orupdatesthatROmightbeneededwithinthislist.(AndthankstoeachoftheseNO individualsfortheir assistanceandfortheircontributions,and particularlyforsharingtheir expertise.   B! ;O1.5BOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?COUThe followingsectionincludescontactsforOpenVMSNO Feedback,and informationonhowtoobtain technicalsupportO information.sCVIEO1.5.1B CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?GO4The followingfolksaretheHP corporatecontactsforIOOpenVMSbusinessissues,listedin descendingorderfromGOCarleton(Carly)FiorinatotheVice Presidentofthe-O=OpenVMS Engineering organization:D `mmCarlyFiorina `Peter Blackmore `llScottStallard `RichardMarcello `kkMarkGorhamEWLOThesefolkswillquite obviouslyrespondbestto cogently-DOwordedOpenVMScorporate-levelbusinessissues.,TheseO5folksare5noit9@5 appropriatecontactsforanyOpenVMStech-LOnicalsupportissuesnorforanyOpenVMS technicalsupportGO requests,norforanyothernon-corporate-related,non-#O>business-relatedissues. Fj&O1.5.2BOpenVMS Ambassadors?EO4TheOpenVMS AmbassadorsareseniorHP engineerswithEOadvanced technical knowledgeandadvancedtraininginGOOpenVMS,withdetailed knowledgeofcurrentandfutureFO=OpenVMSreleasesandproductplans,andwithcontactsKOdirectlywiththeHPandISVhardwareandsoftwareengi-COneering organizations developingOpenVMSandOpenVMSLOGhardware platforms,aswellaslayeredproductsandtools.DOFurther, Ambassadorsare experiencedwith integratingDOHPOpenVMSandapplication-specificproductsandISVDOQ applicationstosolvespecificbusiness requirements.mGCCOOpenVMS Ambassadorsarebased throughouttheworld.HKOYourHPsalesrepresentativeorHPresellerwillbeable?OconnectyouwithyourlocalOpenVMS Ambassador.I~>O1.5.3BContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand<( Questions?OPleaseseeSection3.5.*IO|?rJ VH@O1.5.4BContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?HO4For technicalissuesand technicalsupport,pleasecon-KOtactyoursoftwaresupport organization,oryourlocalHPKOCustomerSupportCenterorHP Reseller.'InNorthAmerica,*O=youcancall1-800-OK-COMPAQ.KaIOPleaseremembertoreviewandtobookmarkthe followingOsupportURLs:RL( `m0m&http://www.openvms.compaq.com/support/ `!http://askq.compaq.com/ `l.l$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ `9/ftp://ftp.support.compaq.com/public/vms/vax/... `k9k/ftp://ftp.support.compaq.com/public/vms/axp/...NwV:O2.1BWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?GOUOpenVMS, originallycalledVMS(VirtualMemorySystem),MOwasfirst conceivedin1976asanew operatingsystemforHOthe then-new,32-bit,virtualmemorylineof computers,@O^ eventuallynamedVAX(VirtualAddress eXtension).AOKOThefirstVAXmodel,the11/780,was code-named ``Star'',COhencethecodenamefortheVMS operatingsystem,MO5 ``Starlet'',anamethatremainstothisdaythenamefor successortotheRSX-11M operatingsystemforthePDP-GO11.-Manyoftheoriginal designersand programmersofCOOpenVMShadworked previouslyonRSX-11M,andmanyDOHconceptsfromRSX-11MwerecarriedovertoOpenVMS.RNFOOpenVMSVAXisa32-bit, multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(Currentimplementations?O5runonVAXsystemsfromHPandothervendors.SNGOOpenVMSAlphaisa64-bit multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(CurrentimplementationsBO5runonAlphasystemsfromHP,andothervendors.T NLOWorktoportOpenVMStosystemsbasedontheIntelIA-64NO architectureand specificallytotheItanium ProcessorFamily"O5is presently underway.ULOFormoredetailsonOpenVMSandits features,pleaseread;OtheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Descriptionat:V7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx. WNJO Additional informationonthegeneralfeaturesofvariousMOOpenVMS releases,releasedates,aswellasthe developmentKO5projectcodenamesofspecific releases,is availableat:Xd `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.htmlY NLO Additional historicalinformation-aswellaspicturesandaPOvarietyofother trivia-is availableintheVAX20thanniver-O5sarybook:uZq K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdf[! NOFor informationontheFreeVMSproject,andonhobbyistand;O educationalversionsofOpenVMS,pleasesee:\ `m"mhttp://www.free-vms.org/ `)http://www.openvmshobbyist.org/ `l$lhttp://www.openvmsedu.com/]FOAlso please seethe related software licensing topicsOSection2.7.4,-Section2.7.1, andSection2.14.*]O?*]-?w*]?! "u?O2.7B Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licensees?HOUThe followingsectionsdescribehobbyistand educationalGOlicense programs,aswellas informationon commercial#Olicensesand transfers.v WHOFor informationonthe available commercialOpenVMSli-MOcensesandfor informationonlicense transfers,pleaseseeO5Section2.7.4.;=5For informationonthe licensing implementa-NOtion,troubleshooting licensing problems,ontheLicenseUnitMO RequirementsTable(LURT),andotherrelateddetails,please O>see>Section5.38.*vO?*v?wDO2.7.1B QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?KO4Ifyouareamemberofan HP-recognizedusergroup(eg:CO Encompass,Enterex,DECUS),andare consideringac-GOquiringandusingaVAXorAlphasystemforhobbyistFO=(non-commercial)use,(free)licenseproduct authoriza-FOtionkeys(PAKs)forOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlpha,and,Olayeredproductsare available.#x IOInadditiontothelicensekeys,OpenVMSVAXandAlphaHO distributionCD-ROM distributionkitsare availablewithAO5OpenVMS, DECwindowsMotif,DECnetandTCP/IPnet-OOworking, compilers,andavarietyoflayered products.'(WhileMOthehobbyistCD-ROM distributionsareintendedforandtai-OO>loredforOpenVMS Hobbyists,thecontentsand capabilitiesofKOtheHobbyist installationkitsincludedwithintheOpenVMSQOHobbyist distributiondonotdifferfromthestandard distribu-QOHtion installationkits.*TheproductsarechosentoreflecttheOOmostpopularproductsandthespace availableonthemedia.)0y! TOIfyouhave questionsonwhatelseis authorizedbythelicenseJO agreementandonwhatother distributionmediaisavail-QO5abletoyou,well,pleasereadthe applicablesoftwarelicenseO agreement(s).az77OForfurther information,pleaselinkto:^{4 `m)mhttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/w| MJOOntheOpenVMSHobbyistlicense registrationformattheSOabovewebsite(asofJune2003),youareofferedthechoiceofJO5the ``OpenVMSVAX'' license(s),the ``OpenVMSAlpha''li-PO cense(s),andthe ``Layered Products'' licenses.'YouwillwantIOthe operatingsystemlicenseforyour particularOpenVMSO>platform >and@I>youwillwantthe ``Layered Products'' licenses.7OYouwillwanttoselectandtoacquire twoXsetsoflicenseOPAKs.}! NOOForvendorswishingtolicenseproducts specificallyforhob-PObyistuse(andtonotissuehobbyistPAKs),theprogrampro-FO5vides hobbyistswiththelicensePAKOPENVMS-HOBBYIST. ~! HOIfyouplantouseahardwareemulator(eg:,VAXemu-GOlator)ona MicrosoftWindows platform,makesureyouHO5haveanOpenVMS distributionkitthatcanbe installedMOand/orbootedwiththe particularemulatorpackageyouplanMOtouse.*For additional informationon emulators,pleaseseeO>Section13.13?4>and particularlypleaseseetheemulator-relatedOdocumentation.*~O?tTV*;O2.7.2BOpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?IO4For informationonOpenVMSlicensesfor educationalcus-IOtomers,pleaseseetheHPCampusSoftwareLicenseGrantBO(CSLG)licenseprogramandtheOpenVMS EducationalO=licenseprogram:Y/ `m$mhttp://www.openvmsedu.com/ cHO2.7.3BWhat developerandpartner licensingprogramsare<( available?JO Commercialsoftware developerscanjointheHPDSPPpro-IOgram,andcan (potentially)receive discountsonvariousNO=softwareproductlicensesandsoftwaredistributions,aswell&Oasonhardware purchases. IOTheDSPPprogramisthe descendentoftheDIGITALISVNCOandDIGITALASAPprogramsandtheCompaqCSApro-KO5gram,andthe analogous developerandpartnerprogramsat OHP.oOPleaseseeSection2.141for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?EOFor informationontheOpenbVMSHobbyistandOpenVMS6O Educationallicense programs,pleasesee Section2.7.1.* ?w VbHO2.7.4BHowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?IO4Totransfera commercialOpenVMSlicensefromoneownerKOtoanother,ortopurchasea commerciallicense,youcanEOcontactHPat1-800-OK-COMPAQ(inNorth America),orAO=yourlocalorregionalsalesofficeor reseller.&#"$ )CO2.9BOpenVMSPorts?)Itanium?*PortstoIntel(IA-32)(systems?NOOpenVMShasbeenportedtoandis operationalonthreear-MO chitectures:)VAX,Alpha,andIA-64.)VAXistheoldest,andRO^limitedto32-bitvirtualandupto34-bitphysical addressing.MOAlphaandIA-64 architecturesareboth64-bitarchitectures,7Owith64-bitvirtual addressing available. IOThemostcommon commodityplatform availableinthein-QOdustryisclearlytheIntelIA-32series,with32-bitaddress-FO5ing.* Technically,OpenVMSand specificallytheOpenVMSKOVAX32-bit environmentisalready availableonIA-32sys-QOtems.(For informationonhowthisis possible,pleaseseeoneKO>ofthe availableVAXemulatorproducts referencedoverinOSection13.13.*OZ?t* %IOAsfor(thelackof)anativeportforIA-32,OpenVMSJO Engineering presentlyand continuestobelievethatthereLO5wouldbe insufficientmarket(read:)profit,customerinter-ROest)tojustifythecostinvolvedinanativeportofOpenVMSLOtosystemsusingtheIntelIA-32 architecture.+InadditionPO>tothedirectcostsinvolvedinanyportandinadditiontoIOthe substantialeffortinvolvedinmoving backwardsfromJOa64-bit environmentonAlphaandonIA-64toa32-bitJOHplatform(suchasIA-32),andthe exceedingly non-trivialNOdevice qualificationcostsandthecostsinmoving backwardsIOintoolderPCIandI/O environments(IA-32systemsmoreOORthanafewyearsoldhave equivalentlyagedI/OsupportandHObuses),each organizationandeachperson maintainingaQOproductorapackageforOpenVMSwillhavetojustifyaportGO[to ``OpenVMS Pentium''or ``OpenVMS Athalon'',akintoNOthe decisionsandeffortinvolvedinportingaproductfromBO OpenVMSVAXtoOpenVMSAlpha,ortoOpenVMSI64.)! %OOPlatformportsofmanyofthevariousproductscanbeeasy.MOOtherproductscandependonplatform-specific features,andPO5the associatedportscanbemore involved.(Portsof operatingMOsystemsareverylargeandinvolved projects.)The prerequi-POsiteproduct requirementsforaportarealso non-trivial,asMO>well-compilersin particularare obviously required,andtheLOsuiteof compilersprovidedmustmaintainaveryhighde-QOgreeof source-level compatibilityacrossthe platforms.'IntheOOHcaseoftheHP Integrityport,OpenVMSI64V8.0usedcross-DO compilersand cross-tools operatingonOpenVMSAlphaJOsystems,whileV8.1isexpectedtohavenative compilersKOR available.*TheOpenVMSI64portwas centrallybuiltusingFOtheexistingOpenVMSAlpha environmentandaroundtheJOworkandthe knowledgefromtheOpenVMSAlphaport,andJO[OpenVMS Engineeringfullyexpectsthat customersandISVsNOwilluseandwillcontinuetouseOpenVMSAlphasystemstoanddetailsontheir products.)*OpenVMS EngineeringhasMOalsoheardmanyofthevarious ``Yamhill''rumorsaswell.OThereare no>>planstoprovideanativeportofHPOpenVMS5OHforanysystemsbasedonAMDOpteron.&! KOAspartoftheworkleadingtotheItaniumport,seniorNO engineershad extensively evaluatedtheproductsandthear-JO5 chitectures availableacrossthehigh-end64-bit computingNOspace,andchosentotargetItaniumfor64-bit environments-HOthiswhileundertheCompaq organization.+ThisincludedNO>lookingatIA-32.(HP(a co-developerofItaniumwithIntel)NOhad seperatelychosentotargetIntelItaniumforitshigh-BOendcomputer products.-Compaqthen announcedplansJOHforthefutureofAlphathroughEV79productsandplat-HOforms,andHP (entirely seperately) announcedplansforGOPA-RISCproductsand platforms.)TheItaniumtargethasHORbeen maintained consistentlysincetheItaniumportwasKO announcedbyCompaq,andhasalsobeen consistentlymain-MOtainedbyHPandbythecombinedcompany.(ForthosefolksLO[ preferingtofollowthe schedulesandtheproductdeliver-DOies,OpenVMS EngineeringhadOpenVMSI64V8.0readyMO  (internally)aheadof schedule-andwithmorefeaturesavail-OOeablewithinthereleasethanhadbeen originallyplannedforOOtherelease.)(For informationonandfor schedulesoffutureLOOpenVMS releases,pleaseseetheroadmapthatis available%OoattheOpenVMS website.)`! 6ROOpenVMSI64itselfdoesnotrequireanddoesnotplantouti-MOlizetheItaniumIA-3232-bit environmentforthe operationKO5ofOpenVMSitself.)OpenVMSI64V8.0runsnativelyontheNOItanium processorfamily,withnouseofIA-32 instructions;NOthisstartingwiththeinitialreleaseofOpenVMSI64V8.0,LO>andthe fully-native operationsofOpenVMSareexpectedtoHOcontinuethroughfuture releases.(WhileOpenVMScanandLOdoessupport32-bit applicationsand addressingonItanium,KOHthisisdonewithsign-extension addressing techniquesen-LOtirely analogoustowhatwasdonewith32-bit applications9O operatinginthe64-bitAlpha environment.\! 2NOButyes,anativeIA-32portoranativeAMDOpteronportNOofOpenVMSwould certainlybeniceto have-this,ofcourse,OO5 followingthe traditionalLinux preferenceforhavingaLinuxMOport availableformost(all?)(computer architecturesknown,IOandevenforcertainhigh-end refrigeratorsandtoastersGO>andsimilar appliancesandappliance-likedevices.-(TheIOdownsideofthisall-encompassing approach:*thisrequiresKO near-infinite engineeringandsupportcostsfromthevari-OOHousvendors involved,andthe qualificationeffortsandcostsGOofmosteverything-everywhere.*Orreducedor eliminatedKOtestingandsupportefforts.*Oran unfortunate combinationLORofthesetwo.-Thesecostsarehuge,andthebenefitsde-HOrivedfromtheworkare comparativelysmallwhengivenKOthe comparablecostsofmoretargeted(andthus supportedKO[and supportable)hardwareconfigurations-theplatformtar-LOgetsareandmustbe carefullyselectedand consideredby7O eachvendor.+Putanotherway,thereare 6 no planstopro-POevideanativeportofHPOpenVMSforsystemsbasedonIntelHOIA-32 processors,norforsystemsbasedonAMDOpteronOO processors.'(ThereareevenstillafewcomputersystemsandItaniumisa commoditymicroprocessor presentlyusedinLO platforms availablefromvarioushardwarevendors, includingJO (obviously)fromHP.Further,ItaniumisamicroprocessorMOH availablefromand supportedbyIntel,a semiconductorven-COdorknownfor exceedingly high-volumemicroprocessor>O fabricationprocessand production capabilities. NFOFor informationon supported platformsand processors,JOpleaseseetheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) O5at:7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.YOPleaseseeSection14.4.5+forIntelItanium terminology.*F?% $'#8O2.11CWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?GOUFor informationon supported platforms,pleaseseetheHOOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthepar-2OticularOpenVMSversionof interest.7 `m)mhttp://www.compaq.com/info/spd/>OpenVMS typicallyusesSPD25.01.xxand/orSPD 41.87.xx.! ^POForatableofOpenVMSversionsforvarious platforms,pleaseOsee:v L `mAm7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/supportchart.html NJOFor informationontheMultia,relatedAlpha single-boardOO computers,orother officially unsupportedsystems,pleaseseeO5Section14.4.1 H5and5Section 14.4.2.1.*O?*?5 JOThe followingisa rule-of-thumbforAlphaplatformsup-Oport.,ThetableTable2-4*containstheearliestOpenVMSNO5Alphareleasewithsupportfora particularseriesofAlphaOmicroprocessors:*d?*)+#:O2.15Cmemory management,resource management,$'#process scheduling,etc?NOSoyouhavebeen instructedtowriteaschoolresearchpa-HOperonOpenVMS,andyouneed technicalcontentontheBOYOpenVMSVirtualMemorySystem,onanymemoryseg-AO mentation,onOpenVMSResource Management,ontheJO OpenVMSFileSystem,ontheOpenVMSuser interface,etc.=LO Invariably,yourprofessor/instructor/teacherwillaskyouaLOseriesof questions.+Most commonly,the questionswillre-QO5quest descriptionsofoneormoreofthe followingitems,and*Oatvaryinglevelsofdetail: `m+mprocess scheduling algorithm(s) `% Interprocess comunications `l:lProcessorsystemsynchronization constructs `=Memory managementand/orvirtualmemoryimple-D mentation `(RMSorXQPfile structures `BBResource management `"HistoryofHPOpenVMS `A=AHistory of Compaq and/or ofDigital Equipment Corporation(DEC) aKOAny particular presentationorresearchpaper,andpartic-JOularlya scholastic presentation,canhavemany differentKO5 potentialtarget audiences,andvery different presentationJOlevels.,Further,theusual underlyingreasonforscholas-NOtic presentationsand scholasticresearchprojectsreallyhasYO>littletodowiththesubjectmatter,itisatask specificallyin-OOtendedtoteachthe student(s)(eg:)you)howtoperformtheOO research.)The instructoralreadyknowsmostof(allof?)(theAOH informationthatyouhavebeenaskedtocollect.! rJOForvery technicaldetailsonOpenVMSandOpenVMSinter-POnals,thebookyouwantisthe InternalsandData StructuresKO5Manual(IDSM), availableinyourschoolor computingcen-NOterlibrary,andtheIDSMcanalsobe purchased.( AdditionalLO technicaldetailsoftheAlphamicroprocessorare availableHO>intheAlpha Architecture ReferenceManual documentationNOthatis availablefor download.* (PointerstoAlpha technical+O documentationare availableinSection14.6,and elsewhere.)*?ULOFor higher-level(less technical)details,theOpenVMSdoc-DO umentationsetis availableon-line..The ProgrammingMO5ConceptsandtheFileSystemsmanualareprobablythebestNOmanualstostartwith, dependingonthe particularlevelof*Odetailtheresearch requires.mPOAndplease understandthe hesitationofvariousfolkstopro-LOvideyouwithacompletely-writtenresearchreportonyourHO5topic.,Why?-WemighthavetoworkwithyouafteryouJO graduate-youneedtoknowhowtoperformatleastbasic?Oresearchonyourown, regardlessofthetopic.-,. IO3.1BWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMSmanuals?DOUTheHPOpenVMSandHPLayeredProduct documentation$Ois copyrighted material.HOHTMLformaton-lineproduct documentationsetsforspe-FOcificHPOpenVMSproductsare presently availableat:u `m,m"http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/ `3)http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/ WGO Documentationisofferedon separately orderableCD-ROMIOmediathrougha subscriptiontothe ConsolidatedOn-Line0O5 Documentation(ConOLD)product(see5Section2.5.)5ConOLDGOmanualsarereadablewithBNU,aviewerthatissup-KOpliedwiththe documentation distribution.(BNUcandisplayEO>HTML, Bookreader,and documentationinotherformats.*|?i&COMGBOOK,aviewerforBookreader-format documentationOOis availableforcharacter-cell terminals(eg.(VTxxx)viathe>OYoucanmanuallyaccessthe documentationvia:nD `m9m/http://www.openvms.compaq.com:88/netscape/help/`HOFor informationontheMozillawebbrowser,pleaseseeOSection13.3.*O?( = <>! HO4.1BUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatarethese( acronyms?FOTheresultsofan internationalcompromise-thoughsomeJOwouldsayan internationalattempttoincrease confusion-MO^UTCisreferedtoas ``Coordinated UniversalTime''(thoughNOnotasCUT)inEnglishandas``Temps Universel Coordinn''HO(thoughnotasTUC)inFrench.+(No particularinforma-NOhtionexiststoexplainwhyUTCwaschosenovertheequallyFO nonsensicalTCU, accordingtoUlyssesT. Clockmeister,NOoneofthe diplomatsthathelped establishthe internationalOr compromise.)9 LO UniversalTimeUT0issolartime,UT1issolartimecor-MOrectedforawobbleintheEarth'sorbit,andUT2isUT1QO5 correctedforseasonal rotational variationsinrotationdueto%OtheEarth'ssolarorbit.  @O GMT-GreenwichMeanTime-isUT1.,GMTisthetimeLOattheclassicsiteofthesince-disbandedRoyal GreenwichLO5 Observatory;atthemost widely-knowntourist attractionofO Greenwich,England.Z  0LOUTCisbasedonanaverageacrossmultipleatomicclocks,POandiskeptwithin0.9secondsofGMT,throughthe insertionKO5(orremoval)ofseconds.'Inotherwords,UTCmatchesGMTIOplusorminusupto0.9seconds,butUTCisnotGMT.  ]POTDFistheTimezone DifferentialFactor,theintervaloftimeLObetweenthelocaltimeandUTC.Areasthat celebrateday-QO5lightsavingstime(DST)willseeperiodicchangestotheTDFJOvalue,whenthe switch-overbetweendaylightsavingstimeNOandstandardtimeoccurs.)The switch-overitselfisentirelyOO>lefttolocal governmentalfolks,andcanandhasvariedbyOO politicalentityand politics,andthe switch-overhasvaried:Oovertheyearsevenatthesame location.{  QMOIfyourlocalOpenVMSsystemtimeisoffbyonehour(orJOwhateverthelocalDSTchange)forsomeorallapplica-RO5tions,youprobablyneedtoresetyourlocalTDF.(Forrelated)Odetails,pleaseseesectionsSection4.4 and)Section 10.22.1.)* P|?Q* )P ? WGOFurther discussionsofhistoryand politics,!theRoyalJO Observers' outbuildings,andthe compromisethatlefttheIO5EnglishwiththeTimeStandard(thePrime Meridian)andMOtheFrenchwiththe standardsforDistanceandWeight(theQOMetricSystem)arelefttoothersources.'Someoftheseother1O>sourcesincludethe followingURLs: `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ `7-http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html `llhttp://nist.time.gov/,?!>@5! )AO4.3BKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?JOUTohelpkeepmoreaccuratesystemtimeortokeepyourHOsystemclocks synchronized,TCP/IPServicesNTP,DECnet-GOPlusDECdtss,DCEDTSS,andother techniquesarecom-SO^monlyused.'IfyoudonothaveIPaccesstoa time-base,thenNOyoucouldusedial-upaccesstoNISTorother authoritativeOsite."6! OOThereexistscodearoundthat processesthedigital(ie:+bi-MOnary)formattimethatis availableviaamodemcallintoIO5theNISTclock(the AutomatedComputer TelephoneServiceLO(ACTS)),andcodethatgrabsthetimeoffaGPSreceiverWOdigitallink,orareceiver (effectivelyaradioandacodec)thatJO> processesthetimesignalsfromradiostationWWV,WWVH,IOWWVB,orsimilar.+ (Processingthesetime protocolsoftenJOinvolveslittlemorethanreadingfromanEIA232(RS232)QOHseriallinefromthe receiver, somethingthatispossiblefromBOmostanylanguageaswellasdirectlyfromDCL.)*7 MOOneexampleofacquringa time-baseinvolvestheIRIGtimeIOformat(IRIG-A,-B,-G),abinarysignal containingtheMO5currenttimeinhours,minutes,secondsanddayssincetheQOstartofthecurrentyear.)IRIGcanalsocontainthetimeofIOdayasthenumberofsecondssince midnight.*HPCustomHO>Systemsand third-partyvendorsoffervarious IRIG-based;Oreader/generatormodulesforOpenVMSsystems.8! kIO Differingtimeservers (DECnet-PlusDTSS,DCEDTSS,NTP,UOetc)donotcoexist particularlywell, particularlyifyoutrytoQO5useallthesetogetheronthesamenode.(PleasepickanduseNOjustone.((Ifneeded,youcan sometimes configureonepack-MOagetoacquireitstimebasefromanother protocol,butoneNO>andonlyonetimeserverpackageshouldhavedirectcontrolKOoverthe managementofanddriftingofthelocalOpenVMSHOsystemtime.-Inthespecificcaseof DECnet-PlusDTSS,OOHolderproductversionsandversionsV7.3andlaterprovideaNOprovidermodule,amodulewhichpermitsDTSStoacquireitsOOtimefromNTP.Fordetailsonthis,pleaseseethecomments0ORinthemoduleDTSS$NTP_PROVIDER.C.)A9OUsefulURLs: : `m>m4http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/nts.htm `?5http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/acts.htm `l/l%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `http://www.time.gov/R; `(=O4.3.1BWhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?GO4Memoryerrors,hardware problems,ormostanythingop-OOeratingatoraboveIPL22orIPL24(clockIPLissystemMOfamily dependent;code executingatorabovetheclockIPLPO=willblockthe processingofclock interrupts),cancausetheROlossofsystemtime.'ClockdriftcanalsobecausedbynormalOO (thermal)clock variationsandevenbytheexpectedlevelofOGclockdrift.L< "QOWhenclock interruptsareblockedasaresultoftheactivityMOofhigh-IPL code-suchas extensivedriver interruptactivityLO5orahardwareerrorora correctable(soft)memoryerror-VOtheclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimevaluereportedtotheJOuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.' CorrectablememoryOO>errorscanbeacommoncauseofsystemtimeloss,inotherIOwords.'HeavyPCIbustrafficcanalsocauselosttime.=! WQOOnebuginthisareainvolvedthe behaviourofcertaingraph-IOics controllers includingtheELSAGLoriaSynergyPBXGK-LO5BB;the PowerStorm3D10T effectivelystallingthePCIbus. OSeeSection5.15<fordetailsontheELSAGLoriaSynergycon-IOtroller,andmakecertainyouhavethecurrentGRAPHICSO>ECOkit installed.*=P? > {TOClockdriftcanalsobe(deliberately)causedbytheactivityof'OtheDTSSorNTP packages.?jOAlsosee}Section14.8,LSection14.15, EandSection4.3.2.*?}F?*?LF?+*?F?@$@! @O4.3.2BHowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?FO4WithDECdtsandTCP/IPServicesNTP,thesystemtimeQOvalueis "drifted"(ratherthan changed),toavoidtheobviousMOproblemsthatwouldarisewith "negativetime changes".'TheSO=samebasicclockdrifting techniqueisusedbymost(all?)&timeJOservers operatingonOpenVMS, typicallyusingthesupport9OforthisprovideddirectlywithinOpenVMS.A! NGOAnexampleofthe techniqueused(onOpenVMSVAX)toMOdriftthesystemtimeistheSETCLOCKtoolontheOpenVMSO5 Freeware.BDOFor informationontheuseoftheEXE$GL_TIMEADJUSTAOandEXE$GL_TICKLENGTHcellsonOpenVMSAlpha,see7O5OpenVMSAXPInternalandData Structures5,locatedonOpage348.C\LOForthoseareaswhichswitchbetweendaylightsavingstime;O(DST)andstandardtime,thetimevalueis rnotdrifted.)TheMO5timeisadjustedbytheentire interval.,This procedureisKOinherentinthe definitionoftheswitchbetweenDSTandOstandardtime.=D VKO4.3.3BHowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatime<( provider?NOAnNTPtimeproviderprovidesitsideaofthecurrenttimeMOtoNTPclientsviatheNTP protocol.(MostsystemsareNTPO=clients,but...@E! IONTPhasa heirarchyoflayers,calledstrata..Thefur-KOtherawayfromtheactualNTPtimesource (InternettimeTO5serversareatstratum1),thelowerthestrata(andthelarger.Othenumberassignedthestatum).;FJONTP explicity configuredatstratumoneprovidestimetoJONTP operatingatlowerstrata,andtheprovidedtimeisPO5acquiredbasedonthelocalsystemtimeorviasomelocally--O accessibleexternaltimesource.MG#LONTPatother(lower)stratabothreceivetimefromhigherLOstrataandcanprovidetimetolowerstrata,andautomat-OO5icallyadjustthelocalstratum.*Thehigheststratumisone,othersimilar time-related peripheral),youcan configureSONTPtousethesystemclockasits referencesource.&ThiswillLOmimicthe master-clockfunctionality,andwillconfigreNTPPOHasastratum1timeserver.+Todothis,enterthe following'OcommandsinTCPIP$NTP.CONF:%O%server% 127.127.1.0%prefer(Omfudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&0JEOFor local-masterfunctionality,thecommandsareveryO similiar.'Use:Oaserver% 127.127.1.0(Ofudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&8^K 4KOThe differencebetweenthesetwoisthestratum,andtheMOomissionofthepreferkeyword.' SpecifyingahigherstratumRO5allowsthenodetoactasabackupNTPserver,or potentiallyNOasthesoletimeserveronanisolatednetwork.+TheserverLOwillbecomeactiveonlywhenallothernormal synchroniza-OO>tionsourcesare unavailable.(Theuseof"prefer"causesNTPPOtoalwaysusethe specifiedclockasthetimesynchronizationOsource.L! KOWiththeTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0,theNTPMO managementisrathermore primitive.'To configurethelocalJO5OpenVMSsystemfromanNTPclienttoanNTPserver(onROTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0),addthe followingline SAVINGS.COMinV7.3,pleaseobtainthe availableECOkit.)OhFOForcurrentTCP/IPServicesandrelatedOpenVMSdocu-"O mentation,pleasesee:Pu `m,m"http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/ `3)http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/5@.?AQ FO4.4BManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,andDaylight(Savings?invokethe followingcommand procedures:T `m2m!SYS$MANAGER:UTC$CONFIGURE_TDF.COM!donotdirectlyuse `E3E"SYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIMEZONE_SETUP.COM!donotdirectlyuseU! WKOTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlaterusetheOpenVMSTDF,UTC,IOandtimezonesupport.)EarlierversionsuseaTDFmecha-LO5nismandtimezonedatabasethatisinternaltotheTCP/IPOOServicespackage.'Alsoontheearlier versions,theTDFmustKObemanually configuredwithinTCP/IP Services,inaddition8O>totheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.OV%EO DECnet-PlusinV7.3andlaterusestheOpenVMSTDF,EOUTC,andtimezonesupport,anddisplaysitstimezonepackage.*Alsoonearlier versions,theTDFmustbeconfig-IOuredwithinthe DECnet-PlusDECdtsspackage,inaddition8OtotheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.?W JO ApplicationcodeusingHPC (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyEODECC)willusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDF mechanismsIO5whentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSV7.0andlaterDO(andwhenthemacro_VMS_V6_SOURCEisNOT defined).COHPCdoesNOTusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDFmech-IO>anismswhentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSreleasesKOpriortoV7.0,orwhenthe preprocessor declaration_VMS_"O V6_SOURCEis declared.QX''ODCEDTSSTDFdetailsTDB.Y! KOInOpenVMSAlphaV6.1,V6.2,and V6.2-1Hx,theTDFvalueDOiswrittentoSYS$BASE_IMAGE.EXE.WithOpenVMSAlphaFO5V7.0andlaterandwithOpenVMSVAXV6.0andlater,@OSYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE.DATcontainstheTDF.ThisIOmeansthatOpenVMSAlphasystemswillneedtohavetheAO>TDFvalueresetmanually-usuallywithin SYSTARTUP_/O VMS.COM-onrebootspriortoV7.0.@Z! tBODuringOpenVMS Bootstrap,theSYSINITmodulereadsJOSYS$TIMEZONE.DATtoacquiretheTDFforuseinthesys-JO5temglobalcell EXE$GQ_TDF.ThisisdonetoensurethatLOthesystembootswithavalidTDF(avaluewhichmaybeNOzero).)TheUTCsystemservicesgettheTDFfromthiscell.PO>These services,aswellastheHPCRTL,musthaveavalidGOTDF.(PriortoOpenVMSV7.3,ifeither DECnet-PlusorGO DECnet/VAX Extensionsis configuredandrun,theimage@OHDTSS$SET_TIMEZONE.EXEisinvokedandcanoverrideJOtheTDFandtimezonerulesettingsfromSYSINITorfrom@OUTC$TIME_SETUP.COM-thisimagerunsevenifDTSSRORis disabled.)Ifthesettingsdonotmatch(dueto inconsisten-COciesintimezone specificationinUTC$TIME_SETUP.COMFOandNET$CONFIGURE.COM),DTSSwillresetthevaluesto#O[matchits definitions.)[ LOPriortoOpenVMSV7.3,daylightsavingstime switchoverisDOhandled automaticallyonlywhenDCEDTSSorDECnet-KO5PlusDTSSisinuse.*InV7.3,OpenVMScanbe configuredLOto automaticallyswitchovertodaylightsavingstime,andROalso generatesaneventthat interested applicationscanusetoJO>detectthe switch-overbetweenstandardtimeanddaylightOtime.\COThemanual switchoverbetweendaylightsavingstimeDOand standardtime is correctly accomplishedvia the4O5!SYS$EXAMPLES:DAYLIGHT_SAVINGS.COMcommandO procedure procedure.] Z#ONote:'NTP(alone)does NOT*}provide automatic switch-over.^,ONote:)TheDST switch-overdoes NOT"driftthetimevalue;JOthe switch-overappliestheentire differenceasaunit.m_! COOIfyouswitchtheTDFordaylightsavingstimesetting,youMOwillalsowanttorestartor reconfigureanytime-sensitiveKO5 applications(thosenotusingthetime differentialfactorOO(TDF)changeevent availableinV7.3andlater).'ExamplesofPOthese applicationsincludetheneedtorestarttheNFSclientSO>and(yes)NTP.(NTPwillwanttotryto"drift"thetime(seeOSection4.3),@andwillfindthedaylightsavingstimeswitch-QOovertobefartoolargeto"drift".+HencetheNTP restart.)LOHYoucanalsousethe(undocumented)TCP/IPServices(priorOtoV5.0) commands:?O%SET%TIME/DIFF=[positive%or%negative%TDF%integer]OmGENERATE%TIME*_OZ}?5k`AAOtoresetthevalueofthelogicalnameUCX$TDF.aiy)OPriortoV7.3,thecommand:6O$&SETTZ&:==%$SYS$SYSTEM:DTSS$SET_TIMEZONEOP$&SETTZ&MODIFYb! JOcanbeusedtomodifythesettingsofthe SYS$TIMEZONE_6ODAYLIGHT_SAVING,SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL,CO5andSYS$TIMEZONE_NAMEsystemlogicalnamesbasedon!OtheSYS$TIMEZONE_RULE.c AOThe following are other TDF-related logicalnamesHOused/availableonOpenVMSsystems,withtypicalDaylightMO5SavingsandStandardSettingsfortheUSEasternTime(ET)O timezone.O$daylight_time:8OZ$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%EDTBO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0400%EDT"VO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%trueK!&Not%'EDT'EO2$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant Oz$O$standard_time:8O $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%ESTBOR$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0500%EST"WO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%false%!&Not%'EST'EO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant O)$BOq$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&UCX$NFS_TIME_DIFFERENTIAL%-I'f$integer(f$element(0,"&%",f$logical("notes$timezone"))/-100)'dWJOFor informationonZICandrelatedtoolsusedtomanageEOtheOpenVMSTimezone database,pleaseseetheDECCEO5Run-timeLibrary Utilities Reference Manual-thoughtheQOtitlewouldimply otherwise,this particularmanualispartofKOtheOpenVMS documentationset,andnotpartoftheHPCGO> (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyDECC) documentationset.e*CO4.4.1BHowto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?IO4ThisisanOpenVMSAlphasystempriortoV7.0andthe5Ostartupisnotinvokingthe procedure:(OSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COMf{OOThisisanOpenVMSsystempriortoV6.0,wherethereisno,OOpenVMSTDFnorUTC available.g! {JOTheversionofthe applicationdoesnotusetheOpenVMSPOTDF.ThisincludesTCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0, applicationsPO5usingHPCbuiltonor targetingOpenVMSpriortoV7.0,andGOsystemsusingthe DECnet-PlusDTSS mechanismspriortoJOtherelease associatedwithOpenVMSV7.3.'(DCETDFTBD.)hKOIfyoushouldfindeitherofthe followingtwo timezone-GOrelateddatabasefileslocatedinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]:ix `m/m%SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE.DAT `3)SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE_SRC.DATjzLOThesetwofilesareinan erroneouslocationandmustbe1O recreatedinthecorrect directory:OaSYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]~k!T OIftheDCLcommand:4O$& DIRECTORY%SYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE*.DATlNGOshowsthesefilesinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE],thendelete8OthemanduseSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COMO5torecreatethem.m!nAOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.3,ifthefile:-O$& SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COMn!KOispresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoinvoke:7O$&*@SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COMo] NOOtorecreatethetimezonefiles correctly.&InvokethiscommandBO immediatelyafter [re]executingSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_O5 SETUP.COM.)>p. 7OIf)SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COMPOisnotpresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoexecute#O5the following commands:5O$&DELETE% SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COM5O$&DEASSIGN/SYSTEM/EXEC&SYS$TIMEZONE_RULE.qNNOIfyoursystemtimeisbeingreportedasbeingoffbyoneOOhour(orwhateverthelocalDSTchange),pleaseseesectionsO5Section4.1,5Section4.4 5and&5Section10.22.1.*qO|?*q|?Q*q& ?r=O4.4.2B CustomizingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?LO4 Individual,local,andregional differencesontheuse(orMOthelackofuse)ofDaylightSavingsTime(DST)arequiteOcommon..s ROIfyouneedtoadd(orremove)daylightsavingstimeforyourTOareaor otherwisealtertherulesforyourlocalarea,youwillOO5probablyendupcreatinga variationtoanexistingtimezoneOrule."t GOThe necessaryzonelinetoaddfor WhereEverLandwill0Oprobablylook somethinglikethis:Oa#&ZoneKNAME-aGMTOFFK RULES/SAVEFORMATK[UNTIL]OZone WhereEver2:00-O WhereEveru!xFOTheOpenVMSsourcefileforthetimezoneruleshere:2O(SYS$COMMON:[SYS$ZONEINFO.SYSTEM.SOURCES]v`LOYou'llthenwanttoZICthistocreateyourowntimezoneO definiton.8wHOZICis documentedintheOpenVMS DocumentationSet,inEOtheHPCRun-TimeLibrary ReferenceManual.+(DespiteLO5thenameofthemanual,itispartoftheOpenVMSdocu-5O mentationsetandnottheC manuals.)tx JOOOnceyouhavecreatedthenewrule,useSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_KO SETUP.COMtoselectthenew timezone-withV7.3andlater,WO5thistoolwillnoticethenewtimezoneandwillofferit,onear-NOlier releases,youmay/willhavetohackthetool somewhat.MO(Don'teventhinkoftryingtodefinetheTZlogicalnameEO>(foundonolderconfigurations),orthe SYS$TIMEZONE_KONAMElogicalname,oranyothertime-ortimezone-related.Ologicalnamesdirectly yourself.)yNOForvarioustimezonerules,seethetar.gzfiles(theseare1Ogzippedtar archives) availableat:[z1 `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/].G#FH[ 1V,WOnAlpha:b&-flags%e,1! H IWIfyoursystemhasahardwarepassword(varioussystemsHsupportapasswordthatprevents unauthorizedaccesstoIthe console),youwillneedtoknowtheispasswordandHawillneedtoenteritusingtheLOGINcommandattheLconsole.'Ifyougetan"InvCmd"errortryingtoperformLaconversational bootstrap,andyoudonothavethehard-EkwareconsolepasswordfortheconsoleLOGINcommand,Hyouare stuck-youwillneedtocallforhardwareser-Lviceinordertoresetthehardwareconsole password.'TheGtsyntaxusedfortheconsolepassword mechanismvaries.EO3.JOnceattheSYSBOOTprompt,requestthatOpenVMSCLreadthesystemstartupcommandsdirectlyfromtheIsystemconsole,thatthewindowsystem(ifany)notbeFstarted,andthatOpenVMSnotrecordthese particular?V parameterchangesfor subsequentsystemreboots: SET/STARTUP%OPA0:#SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%0 jSET%WRITESYSPARAMS%0CONTINUEQO24.JAtthe$prompt,thesystemwillnowbe acceptingstartupGcommandsdirectlyfromtheconsole.(Typethe followingtwoDCL commands:h$&SPAWN $&@SYS$SYSTEM:STARTUPGO/ 5.JYoushouldnowseethedollar($)promptofDCL.y OFWTheresultofthesetwocommandswillbethenormalOsystemstartup,butyouwillbeleftloggedinonthecon-Isole,runningunderafully privileged username.'WithoutDatheuseoftheSPAWNcommand,youwouldbelogged-outwhenthestartup completes., DWPerformthetask(s) required,suchas resettingthe@passwordontheSYSTEMusernameas describedinSection5.5.1:or registeringoneormorelicenseproduct8a authorizationkeys(PAKs)as describedinaSection5.5.2.RO6.JOnceyoulogoutofthissession,thesystemwillcompleteK9thestartupandcanbeused normally.'Youcanchooseto>rebootthesystem,butthatisnot necessary.*?*$?FOSomesystemmanagerswillsuggestamethodusingthe thorizationdatabase(SYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT)FO configuredonthesystem.-WithasystemmanagerthatCOhas configuredan alternate SYSUAFALT.DATfile,theCOH UAFALTERNATEmethodwill fail-well,assumingyoudoGOnotknowthepasswordofa privilegedusernamestored-OwithinSYSUAFALT.DAT,ofcourse.i ?COThe UAFALTERNATEsystem parameterisusedtotrig-KOgerwhatis sometimesknownastheconsole backdoor.)TheKO5OPA0:,systemconsoleiscriticaltosystem operationsandHOsystem security,andwillallowaccesswhentheSYSUAFJOsystem authorizationdatabaseis unavailableor corrupted,LO>whencoreproductlicensePAKsarenot registered,expiredOOordisabled (NOLICENSEerrors),orinvariousothercasesofVOsystem failures.)Allthisisinadditiontotheroleofthecon-POHsoleinthedisplayofcertainsystem-criticalevent messages.OOAccesstotheOPA0:*consolehasasecurityexposurethatisDO equivalenttodirectaccesstothesystem hardware.p kFHOWhenLOGINOUTdetectsanerror(suchasaSYSUAFcor-LOruption,byamissingSYSUAF,missingproduct licenses,orMO5other trigger),itwillpreventaccesstotheOpenVMSsys-NOtemfromall terminalsexceptthesystemconsole.'TheOPA0:POsystemconsolewillbeallowedaccess,andthe resultingpro-JO>cesswillbefully privileged.( Resettingthe UAFALTERNATEGOsystem parameter-intheabsenceofan alternateSYSUAFJOsystem authorization database-willcausetheconsoleback-IOHdoortobeopenedsimplybecauseLOGINOUTcannotlocate=OSYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT.Whenthe authorizationNOdatabasecannotbelocated,accesswillbegrantedfromtheORconsoleonly.iGOForfurther informationon emergencystartupandshut-MOdown,aswellasfortheofficialOpenVMS documentationonHO5howtochangetheSYSTEMpasswordfromtheconsolein*Oan emergency,pleaseseethe$}OpenVMSSystem Manager'sOManual/intheOpenVMS documentationset.1 AOFor informationandrecommendationsonsettingupGOOpenVMSsystem security,pleaseseetheNCSCClassC2JO5appendixoftheGuidetoOpenVMSSystemSecuritymanual,5OalsointheOpenVMS documentationset.|RHOYoucanalsousetheconversational bootstrap techniqueKOshownearlier(thestepsuntil SET/STARTUP)toaltervar-IO5ioussystem parameters,aswell.*AttheSYSBOOTprompt,3Oyoucanenternew parametersvalues:OSHOW& MAXPROCESSCNTOZSET%.%64OCONTINUEOOThe"."isa shorthandnotationusedforthelast parameter1OexaminedwithinSYSGENandSYSBOOT.| dRHO5.5.1BI've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanI <(do?NOIfyouhave forgottenordonothavethepasswordfortheDOSYSTEM username,youmustperformtheconversational&O= bootstrapas describedin=Section5.5,=andmustentertheIO followingcommandsonceyouhavereachedthedollar($)Oprompt:ROs$&SET%DEFAULT& SYS$SYSTEM:K!&or&wherever&your% SYSUAF.DAT%resides&O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE/OMODIFY%SYSTEM&/PASSWORD=newpasswordOKEXIT*~?UFOYouhavenowresetthepasswordontheSYSTEMuser-Oname. KO5.5.2BMyproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?MO4IfyouhaveasystemwithnolicensesforOpenVMSorforJOOpenVMSusersandthuscannotlogintotheOpenVMSsys-TOtem normally,youshouldbeabletologintotheconsoleserialHO= terminal-thisistheterminaldeviceknownas OPA0:-and,Operformthecommands necessary.HOForsystemsthatarenot configuredwithan accessableKOconsoleserial terminal-ascanbethecasewithhowsomeFO5 DECwindows workstationsareconfigured-youmustloginNOoverthenetworkorfromalocalserial connection.+IfyouJOcannotloginoveranetwork connection(SETHOST,tel-MO>net,etc)orfromanotherlocalserialterminal connection,LOyouwillhavetohaltthesystemandperforma conversa-.Otional bootstrapas describedinSection5.5.jYoumustthenGOHenterlicensing-relatedcommandsoncetheconversationalnotbothLO5 values-thenyouwillhavetoreboottheentire VMScluster.HO(The VMScluster remembersthemappingbetweenthesetwoOOvalues,andwillassumethata configurationproblemhasoc-QO>curedifa mismatchedpairappears,andwillrefusetoletaBOnodewitha mismatchedpairjointhe VMScluster.)z PIOTo calculatethecorrect SCSSYSTEMIDvalue,multiplytheKODECnetPhaseIVareanumberby1024,andaddtheDECnetCO5PhaseIVnodenumber.+Forexample,the SCSSYSTEMIDMOvalueforaDECnetnodewithaddress19.22is19478.)((19 *!O1024)+22=19478)2 POThismaywellhavemissedoneortwo configurationtools(orNOmore!)(thatareneededatyoursite-thenodenametendstoUO5getstoredallovertheplace,inlayered products,andinlocalO software...}SOAlsosee}Section15.6.3 vandSection15.6.4.*}F?*F?POQ JO5.14CWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?NOUFor informationon configuringtelnetprint symbiont,onde-LOvicecontrol librariessuchasSYSDEVCTL.TLB,andforwaysQOofdealingwiththeextrablankpagesthatcanariseonvar-JO^iousHP printers,pleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizard=Oarea,starting particularlywithtopic(1020):c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|? ! NUOThereareavarietyof discussionsofthisandofrelatedprint-POingtopicsintheAskTheWizardarea,inadditiontotopicO5(1020).U +OAlsosee}Section5.33.* }F?RQS.#wDO5.16CHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and'(ECOs?EOYoucanacquireanddownloadkits containingOpenVMSPOfixes(ECOs)forvarious releases,aswellasrelatedsupportO^ information,via:$^g `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `E0E&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/t%+JKOSomesystemswithInternet firewallsmay/willhavetouseKOpassivemodeFTPtoaccesstheabovesites.*Assumingre-JO5 cent/currentversionsoftheTCP/IPServicespackage,the+ODCLFTPcommand necessaryis:?O$&DIRECTORY/FTP/ANONYMOUS/PASSIVE%ftp.itrc.hp.com::A&OOldersites:P'& `m,m"http://search.service.digital.com/ `2(ftp://ftp.support.compaq.com/public/vms/ `l?l5http://ftp.support.compaq.com.au/pub/ecoinfo/ecoinfo/ `1'http://ftp/digital.com.au/cgi-bin/grep/ `k!khttp://askq.compaq.com/-(DOThe5http://ftp.support.compaq.com.au/pub/ecoinfo/ecoinfo/JOURLcanbe particularlyuseful,asitincludesasearchCO5enginecapableof returningthe mandatoryECOkitsHOforeachrelease./Alsoseethe informationonrequiredIOECOs availablefromthesupport database, accessibleviaNO>http://askq.compaq.com/.) Specifically,searchforarticleswithSOthewords``incorporated''and``needto install''inthetitle.o)EEOYoucan subscribetoanemail notificationlistat:*W `m8m.http://www.support.compaq.com/patches/mailing- list.shtmlp+FFOA quarterly distributionisalso availableonCD-ROM:,^ `m%m QT-3CQAA-C8OpenVMSAlpha `# QT-3CRAA-C8OpenVMSVAX-[MOForalistofOpenVMSECOkitsrecently released,youcanOuse:. ] `m>m4http://Eisner.DECUS.org/conferences/OpenVMS-patches_ new_1.HTML/POYoucanalsosignupforECOkitemail notifications(DigestAOor individualnotifications)directlyfromHPat:x0N `mCm9http://www1.service.digital.com/patches/mailing-list.html1NLOExamplesandECOkit installation instructionsareincludedROinthecoverletter.)For availableECOkits,coverlettersand6O5other associateddocumentation,lookin:2g `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/v3L4OFor additional information,pleaseseeSection5.16.*3F?#4 WsDODoNOTattempttoinstallaVMSINSTAL-basedOpenVMSBOECOkitonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater./WhileHO5 VMSINSTALitselfremains available,itisnotusedforHOOpenVMSAlphaECOkitsstartinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-IO2.'OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforOpenVMSO>ECOkits.5X OSeeSection5.294for informationonECOkit checksums.*5F?}bacu K9O5.32CSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate'(SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?GOAmessageattheOpenVMSAlpha bootstrapsuchastheO following:OO%SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,&Unable%to%locate%SYS$CPU_ROUTINES_1C02.EXEMO%SYSBOOT-E-LDFAIL,%failed&to&load%execlet,%status&=%00000910;! IO indicatesthatthe particularOpenVMSAlphareleasedoesMOnotcontainsupportforthetarget platform.,Inthiscase,FO5OpenVMSdoesnot recognizeAlphafamily1Cmember02LOasa supported platform.(AlaterversionofOpenVMSmightROsupportthe platform,ortheremightbenosupportonanyre-MO>lease.'Ensurethatyouhavethemostcurrent firmware,andJOreviewtheminimumversion requirementsforthe platform.KOTheexecletloadfailureandothersimilar bootstrapsta-QOtusvaluescanoftenbedecodedusingeitherofthe followingO5 techniques:O$&exit%%x910/O%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,%no%such%file OI$#O$&x%=%f$message(%x910)O$&show%symbol&x7BX%=%"%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,&no&such%file" O$Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.4.1.*}F?edft wJFO5.35CWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?HOUThe NorthLakePrintKit(http://www.nls.com/)andDECprintPO Supervisor(DCPS;2http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/Print/print_LOsw_prods.html)arecommonchoicesforsupportof Postscript O^printersonOpenVMS.}! SSOYoumayalsorequirethe installationofanIP transportstack.[OAlsopleaseseemSection15.2.2 fandSection15.2.3.*mF?*F?hgi.2O5.38C ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?JOUThePAKreleasedate,thePAK terminationdate,andtheLOPAKversionaretheusualculpritswhenalicenseproductOIfyouhavetheLMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGElogi-OOcalnamedefined,youcan(will?)(seespuriouslicensecheckPO5failures-variousproductswillcheckformultiple licenses,andPOafewproductswillcheckforPAKsthateitherhavenotyetRObeenorwillnotbeissued.(OnceyoufigureoutwhichlicenseKO>hasfailed,youwillwanttodeassignthislogicalname.! NRONote:'thatthereisnolicensecheckfailuredoesNOTindicateROthatthe particularproductor operationis permissiblepertheO5license.@HOToregisteralicensePAKona DECwindowssystemwhenKO DECwindowscannotstart(becauseofanexpiredlicenseorMO5other licensing problem),followthestepsoutlinedinsec-OtionSection5.53upthroughtheuseofthe AUTHORIZEEOcommand.*Inplaceofthe AUTHORIZEcommand,usethe?O>consoletoregisterthelicensePAKs.(Alsosee>Section12.5 e>for7O licensingandtroubleshooting information.*P?*?! NMOFor informationon licensingandonthenumbersoflicensePOunitsrequiredforvariousproductsandvarious platforms,theHO5LicenseUnit RequirementsTable(LURT)is availableat:lB `m7m-http://www.compaq.com/products/software/info/Jtsu d@O7.4BWhyis DECmigratenotworkingwithFortran?KOD%OTS-F-INDATCOR%internal%data% corrupted%in%Run-time%LibraryHOThiserrorcanarisewithFortranprogramsifyouareIO8runningarecentversionofOpenVMSAlpha,andareus-EOing DECmigrateto translateFortran applications..TheEO DECmigrateRun-TimeLibraryattemptstosupportmixedOOAtranslated-nativeI/OtothesameunitbysharingthenativeGOFortranRTL'sinternaldata structures,andinOpenVMSNO7.2these structureschangedandthe translatedRTLwasnotOKupdated accordingly. W=OYoucancopyDEC$FORRTL.EXEfromOpenVMS7.1,ROcopyingittosomespare directory,andthendefiningthelog-JO5icalname DEC$FORRTLtopointtoitbeforerunningyourMO translated application.+Or rebuildingthe applicationtouseNOthe availablenativeFortran compiler.(OryoucanapplytheEO>currentFortranRTLkit,whichhasafixforthis.P & OSeeSection13.11.* F?fx wye! ;invoked,andunderOpenVMS,theDCL$PATHsupportwillMOcauseacommand proceduretobe activatedin preferenceto Oan executableimage. JOFormore informationonforeigncommandsoron automatic.Oforeigncommandsupport,seethe!&OpenVMSUser'sManual .U+OSeealso}Section10.3.*}F? jKOIfyouwanttocreateadetachedprocessthattakesar-IOgumentsfromacommandline,itmustberunundertheNO5controlofacommandline interpreter(CLI) (typicallyDCL).SOThisisdonebyplacingthecommandlineinafile, specifyingDOSYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXEastheimagetorunandthe7O>commandfileastheinput.&Forexample:,O$& OPEN/WRITE%CMD&TEMP_INPUT.COM2O $&WRITE&CMD%"$% MYCOMMAND% arguments"OS$&CLOSE&CMDEO$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COMe ;OOVariousOpenVMSlibrarycalls(suchas lib$spawn( ),cli$dcl_UOparse( ),andtheClibrarysystem( )call)requireaccesstoaKO5commandline interpretersuchasDCLtoperform requestedLOactions,andwillnotoperateifaCLIisnot available.mCQOWhenaCLIisnot available,thesecalls typicallyreturntheGOerrorstatus SS$_NOCLI.Andas mentionedabove,invokeJO5theimageLOGINOUTtocauseaCLI(suchasDCL)tobeOOmappedintoandmade availableinthecontextofthetargetOprocess.*GOForexamplesofhowTCP/IPServicessetsupitsfor-EOeigncommands(whichincludestoolssuchasuuencodeDO5and uudecode),pleaseseetheDCLcommand procedure0O&SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COM.U+OAlsosee}Section8.10.*}F?5;;HO8.11CHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?GOUTowriteamessageandthenthebell character,use:O$& bell[0,7]%=&7.O"$&write& sys$output%"Hello''bell'"<*OTowriteblinkingtext,use:O$&esc[0,7]&=%27&OP$&text%=% "Blinking%Text":O$&write& sys$output%"''esc'[5m''text'''esc'[m"w=MOAlsoseesectionsSection11.7,vSection12.1.*=F?9*=vF?c?! .O9.1BHowcanIundeleteafile?KOUOpenVMSdoesn'thavean ``undelete'' function.(However,ifPOyouarequickto write-protectthediskorifyoucanguar-SOanteethatnonewfilesgetcreatedorexistingfiles extended,XO^yourdataisstillonthediskanditmaybepossibletoretrieveJOit.*TheFLORIANtool availablefromvariouswebsitescan9O potentiallyrecoverthefile,seequestionSection13.1forpoint-NOhers.)Other alternativeshereincludetheDFUtool, available;OontheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribution.*??"@QOIfyouaresettingupauser environmentforyourselforforPOothers,itisquiteeasytouseDCLto intercepttheDELETE%O5command,usingasymbol:2O$&DEL*ETE%:==&@SYS$LOGIN:MYDELETE.COMpA! FKOTheDELETEsymbolwillcausethe proceduretobeinvokedJOwhenevertheuserenterstheDELETEcommand,anditcanSO5copythefile(s)toa ``trashcan'' subdirectorybeforeissuingaMO``real''DELETEonthefiles.)Other procedurescanretrieveNOthefile(s)fromthe ``trashcan'' subdirectory,andcan(andRO>should)cleanoutthe ``trashcan''as appropriate.'(RealizethatCOthisDELETEsymbolcan interferewith DELETE/GLOBAL.OandothersimilarDCL commands.)dN! yGO9.5BWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan(access? OOneTerabyte(TB;2 (**s31blocksof2 V** 9bytes; 0x07FFFFFFFMOblocks).*255volumesinavolumeset.*Thelargestcontigu-PO^ous allocationpossibleforany particularfileis 0x03FFFFFFFOblocks.ONMOPriortothereleaseofV6.0,theOpenVMSfilesystemwas6Olimitedtodiskvolumesof8.38GB(2 **24blocks,16777216O5blocks)orless.P! aNOOnsomesystems,thereare restrictionsintheconsolepro-MOgramthatlimitthesizeoftheOpenVMSsystemdisk.)NoteNO5thatdatadisksarenotaffectedbyconsoleprogramlimits.MOForexample,allmembersofthe VAXstation3100seriesareWOlimitedtoasystemdiskto1.073GBorlessduetotheconsole,PO>thoughlargerdatadisksare possible.*ThislimitduetothePOSCSIdriversusedbyandbuiltintotheconsoleROMtoreadOOtheOpenVMS bootstrapfiles,andthesesamedriversarealso>OHusedbyOpenVMStowritethesystem crashump. Q GOTherearenumerous discussionsofthis VAXstation3100IOinthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.*PleaseuseGoogleIO5 newsgroupsearchtosearchthearchivesforfurtherde-POtails,for discussionsofthe workarounds,andfordetailsofSOthe potentialforasimplefailed bootstrapand particularlyforQO> discussionsofthe potentialforseveresystemdisk corruptionsOoncrashes.BR! HOSomeSCSIdiskswith capacitieslargerthan8.58giga-IObytes(GB)willrequiretheuseofanOpenVMSECOkit.O5(eg:* ALPSCSI04_062orlater;see"5Section14.265fordetails)LOfornewSCSIdevicedrivers.+FailuretousethisECOcanKOcause "roundingerrors"ontheSCSIdiskdevice capacity-MO>OpenVMSwillnotusenordisplaythefullcapacityoftheFO drive-and"%sysinit-e-errormountingsystemdevicesta-BOtusequals 000008C4"(8C4->"%SYSTEM-?-FILESTRUCT,KOH unsupportedfile structurelevel")errorsduring bootstrap.KO(One workaroundforthe bootstrapwhenthebitmapislo-KOcatedfarintothediskistheuseofINIT/INDEX=BEGIN.)PORTheproblemhereinvolvesthe particular extensionsandfieldsOOusedforlargercapacitydiskswithintheSCSIspecifications>Oandwithinthevariousintepretationsofsame.*R"?aRS((OForATA(IDE)diskdrives:T!  `m$mVersionsof SYS$DQDRIVER y*mBEFORE _y*mX-15toppedoutat8.455GB.UXBWFixeddrivers(equalorgreaterthan"X-15")wereshippedin:YV! / h-YhOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,andlater .YV7.2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater f0YfV7.1-2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater 0YV7.1-2UPDATEV3.0ECO,andlater `e?eThenewer SYS$DQDRIVERdriveroperatestodisksGupto33GBwithout(known) problems,and effectivelyOworkswithratherlargerdisks(uptocirca137GB)butisIoknowntoreportan incorrectnumberof "cylinders"withdisksabove33GB.Wj OSeeSection14.4.4.2,for additionalATA SYS$DQDRIVERO information.*WF?^X 4NOBeawarethataknown restrictionincertainolderversionsKOoftheAlphaSRMConsolepreventsbootingmostATA(IDE)NO5driveslargerthan8.455GB, dependingonexactlywheretheLOvariousfilesarelocatedonthevolume.(UpdatedSRMcon-NOsolesforsystemswithSRMandATA(IDE)drivesupportareJO>(willbe) available.)(OpenVMS Engineeringhas successfullyHO bootstrapped20GBATA(IDE)disksusingthe appropriate!OSRMconsole version.)cY 9NONOTE:All ATA-relateddisksizeslistedinthissectionarePOstatedinunitsof"disk(baseten) gigabytes"(1GB=10^9QO5bytes)andNOTinunitsof "software(basetwo) gigabytes"(11OGB=2^30 (1073741824.)'bytes.'SeetSection14.26.*YtP?a?Z MOBeawarethatlargerdisksthatareusingan extensionofKOSCSI-2-disksthatareusingamodepagefieldthattheKO5SCSI-2specificationsnormallyreservedfortape devices-toOOpermitalargerdiskvolumesizewillrequireaSCSIdriverMOupdateforOpenVMS,andthischangeispartofV7.1-2andIO>later,andalsopartof ALPSCSI07_062andlater.,(TheseMOlargerdisksdiskswill typicallyreportaDRVERR,orwillNOseethevolumesize"roundeddown".)(SCSIdiskslargerthanPOH16777216blockscira8.455GB(baseten);8GB(basetwo)re-NOquirethisECO,orrequiretheuseofOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2Oorlater.[! aRO ApplicationswritteninCcanbelimitedtofilesizesoftwoRO gigabytesandless,asaresultoftheuseoflongwordvaluesTO5withinCfile operations,and specificallyoff_t.&This restrictionPOisliftedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater,andwiththeapplica-SOtionoftheCECOkits availableforspecificearlier releases.OO>Theuseofalongwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingXOnativeCI/Otofilesizesoftwo gigabytesorless,ortheseap-KO plicationsmustusenativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecificOH operations.o\EOAlsosee}Section14.14,vSection14.26.*\}F?#*\vF?a] IO9.6BWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord(sizelimit?OORMScanstore individualfilesofasizeuptothemaximumJO supportedvolumesize.)UnderOpenVMSV6.0andlater,theHO^volumesizeandtheRMSmaximumfilesizelimitis2 j** @^31 j*,O512 bytes-oneterabyte(1TB).^WLO``Useavolumesettoprovidealarge, homogeneouspublicTOfilespace.(YoumustuseavolumesettocreatefilesthatareNO5largerthanasinglephysicaldiskvolume.*(ThefilesystemNOattemptstobalancetheloadonthevolumesets,forexam-UOple,bycreatingnewfilesonthevolumethatistheleastfullO>atthetime.)''_ QO``Youcanaddvolumestoanexistingvolumesetatanytime.KOThemaximumnumberofvolumesinavolumesetis255.''`! bJOTheRMSformats-sequential, relative,and indexed-arelim-MOitedbytheoneterabytemaximumvolumesize.'RMSrelativeWO5filesarefurtherlimitedtoanumberofrecordsthatwillfitinNO32bits-4billionrecords.) Sequentialandindexedformatsdo&Onothavearecordlimit.paFOAlsosee}Section2.16.1,Section14.26.*a}F?*aF?aq)FO10.1CModular Programming,FacilityPrefixesandSymbol'(Naming?DOPleasefirstreviewtheOpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsBOManualandtheGuidetoModular Programmingmanu-IO^als.)Bothare availablewithintheOpenVMS documentationMOset,andprovidedetailsoftheexpectednormsforOpenVMSO programs.2 t `mMmLearnaboutthefacilityprefix,anduseathe appropriateLprefix uniformly throughoutallexternalsymbols,alllogi-Ncalnames,andallfileslocatedinshared directories.(The9wprefixandtheuseofthedollarsign( 7& 9T u$ 19T &4w)andtheunder-score( - T _ T -E)helpavoid collisionswithother products.'UseofD(thedollarsignisreservedto registered products. `HPleaseconsideruseoftoolssuchastheFreewareSDLCpackage,andtheGNMpackage.+ThesepermityoutoIYgenerateincludefilesandmessage documentationakintoJthatofOpenVMS, providingusersofyourproductwitha familiar environment. `DForproductinstallations,consideruseofthePCSIC installationutility, andprovideaproduct-specific:: configurationDCLcommand procedure(usually;SYS$MANAGER:prefix$CONFIG.COM)if configurationis required. `jZjTheproductstartupfileisusuallynamedSYS$STARTUP:prefix$STARTUP.COM,_andtheshutdownfile(ifneeded)isusually SYS$STARTUP:prefix$SHUTDOWN.COM. KOOpenVMSprovidesaregistryforfacilityprefixesandforIOMESSAGEmessagecompilercodes.)TorequestaprefixandQO5amessagefacilitycodeforaproductyouare reselling,sendJOyourrequestinamailmessage addressedto product[-at-JOsign-]hylndr.sqp.zko.dec.com, requestingthe submissionform7O>anddetailsofthe registrationprocess. _UNote _EHPleasedonotrequestfacilityprefixesforproductsJthatlocaltoyour business,yoursite,oryoursystem.EFacilityprefixesandmessagecodesandthefacilityFR registrationprocessareintendedsolelyforHPprod-AuctsandPartnerProducts(andyes,evenOpenVMSBFreeware packages)thatwillbe distributedacross-[multipleOpenVMScustomersites. ! ^ROForalistofcommoncodingbugs,pleaseseethe remainderof8OthissectionoftheFAQand specificallySection10.22,pleaseNO5alsoseetheAskTheWizardtopic(1661),andforinforma-LOtionon debugginganOpenVMS application,pleaseseetopicO(7552).*?c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?GO10.2CCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?DOUPleaseusethe availableSEARCHcommandonOpenVMS,LOandpleaseremembertosearchthe available resources,in-JOcludingthesupport databasesandthe newsgroup archives.KO^PleasealsorealizethatmostOpenVMSsystemservicesuseMOsimilarcalling sequences,meaningthatanexampleofcall-OOing sys$getjpicanbeusedasanexamplefor sys$getsyiandQOh sys$getdvi.( Students:(pleasedonotexpectfolkstowriteyour:Ohomeworkforyou.'Asforsearch resources:uK `mmSEARCH SYS$EXAMPLES: y* m. y*Bmtarget `!SEARCHTCPIP$EXAMPLES: >* c. s*target `l!lhttp://askq.compaq.com/ `1'http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/ `k khttp://www.google.com/NCOOpenVMS programmingdocumentation, includingthenu-IOmerousexampleprogramsfoundinrecentversionsofthe(O5OpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts!'5manual,is available:u `m,m"http://www.openvms.compaq.com/doc/ `3)http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/+ IOAsfordetailsofargumentpassing,mostOpenVMSsystemMOservicesandRTLroutinespassstring argumentsbydescrip-NO5tor.( LanguageswhichsupportnativestringdatatypescreatePO descriptorsautomatically;thosewhichdonot(eg.,C)requireOOthatyousetthemup explicitly.*Forfurtherdetailsonus-PO>ing descriptorsand particularlyforusing descriptorsfromC,OpleaseseeSection10.13.*Z?0! IOThereis extensive information availableonhowtocallDOOpenVMSsystemservicesandOpenVMSRun-TimeLibraryIO5 routines, includingexamplesinnumerous languages.'Among0Othebest available referencesare:`6 `m(mYour language'sUserManual `3OpenVMS Programming EnvironmentManual `l0lOpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManual `?OpenVMS Programming Interfaces:+CallingaSystemDRoutine `$OpenVMSCallingStandard! WKOIn addition,ifyouarea subscribertotheHPSoftwareNO InformationNetwork (availabletothosewithasoftwaresup-JO5port contract),thesupportdatabasecontainshundredsofIOworkedexamplesofcallingsystemservicesandRTLrou-SOtines, includingtheonethatseemstotripupalmost everyone,O>SMG$CREATE_MENU.! ~MOArneVajhjhasputtogethera collectionofOpenVMSexam-1Ople programs.'Itcanbefoundat:X. `m#mftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/\CO Additional informationandexamplesforOpenVMSareO availablevia:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.B5andvia:*|?f< `m1m'http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/C1wEO10.5CHowdoIlinkagainstSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STBonan'(Alphasystem?EO LINK/SYSEXEistheOpenVMSAlpha equivalentoflink-IOingagainstSYS.STB.Thislinksagainstthebaseimage:O^SYS$BASE_IMAGE.EXEOAlsoseeSection10.11,7z particularlyforpointerstothedetailsAOon shareableimagesand shareableimage creation.*F?  2GO10.10CHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensingR( purposes?JOManysoftware developersdesiretouseauniquehardwareUOIDto``lock''agivencopyoftheirproducttoaspecificsys-HO^tem.+MostVAXandAlphasystemsdonothaveauniquePO hardware-set``systemID''thatcanbeusedforthispurpose.JOHPOpenVMSproductsdonotusehardwareIDsintheli-IOhcensingmethods,asmanyusersconsiderahardware-basedKO licensingschemetobenegative attributewhen consideringOsoftware purchases. nCOHPOpenVMSusesasoftware-basedsystemcalledtheKOLicense ManagementFacility(LMF).Thisprovidesforsoft-EO5warekeys(Product AuthorizationKeysorPAKS)whichLOsupportcapacityand user-basedlicense checking.(HPoffers7OanLMFPAK GeneratortoCSA members-seeSection2.12.*?yO7OFor informationon licensing,pleaseseeSection12.5.*F?KOHowever,ifahardware-basedmethodis required,themostEOcommonmethodisbasedonanEthernetadaptorhard-KO5wareaddress.*Samplesourcecodefor implementingthisisO availableat:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?H31?O10.22CCompaqCandotherOpenVMSC ProgrammingR(Considerations?EOVAXCV3.2wasreleasedforOpenVMSVAXsystemsinLO1991.)DECCV4.0replacedVAXCV3.2in1993astheHPHO^CcompilerforOpenVMSVAXsystems.*HPCistheANSIFOCcompilerforOpenVMSAlphasystems.+VAXCpredatesLOtheANSIC standards,andhasvariousareasthatarenotFOh compliantwithANSIC requirements.,HPCisanANSIIOC compiler,andcanalsocompilemostVAXCcodewhenFO/STANDARD=VAXCis specified.+VersionsofthiscompilerIOrbetweenV3.2andV6.5 (exclusive)wereknownasDECC,&ODIGITALC,andCompaqC.; QOBoth compilerscanbe installedatthesametimeonthesameEOOpenVMSVAXsystem,allowinga migrationfromVAXCOO5toDECC,andallowingthesameDECCcodetobeusedon,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.= JOThesystemmanagercanchoosethesystemdefaultCcom-QOpilerwhenHPCis installedonasystemwithVAXC,andaNO5C programmercan explicitlyselecttherequiredcompilerfor*Oaany particular compilation.NOAcurrent"C"licensePAKallowsaccesstobothVAXCand5OHPConthesameOpenVMSVAXsystem.2 HOVariousHPCversionscanbe installedonOpenVMSVAXGOV5.5-2andlater.+OpenVMSVAXreleasessuchasV5.5-2QO5andV6.0willrequirethe installationofaHPCRTLkit,aLOkitthatisincludedwiththeHPC compiler.(OpenVMSVAXSOversionsV6.1andlaterdonotrequireaseperateRTLkit,butMO>HPCRTLECOkitsare availabletoresolveproblemsfoundquiredexplicit specificationofanRTL shareableimageorC.Oobjectlibraryduringthelink.)+ %IOWhenthe/PREFIXis requested,thecompiler generatesaRO"decc$"prefixonthe specifiedsymbols.'ThisprefixallowstheLO5LINKERtoresolvetheexternalsymbolsagainstthesymbolsFOpresentintheDECC$SHRlibrary.)TheDECC$SHRlibraryIOisincludedinthe IMAGELIB.OLB shareableimagelibrary,FO>andIMAGELIBissearchedbydefaultwhenanyprogramKO(writteninany language)isLINKed.(BecausethestandardOOClibraryroutinenamesareverylikelytomatch applicationQOHroutineswritteninother languages,aprefix"decc$"isaddedPOtotheCsymbolnamestoassuretheir uniqueness;topreventHOsymbolnaming conflicts.)C programs,however,cansome-LORtimeshaveprivate librariesforvarious purposes,andtheMOexternalroutinessharethesamenamesasthelibraryrou-MOtines.*(Thisisnot recommended,butthereare applicationsNO[aroundthatusethis technique.)*Thustheneedto explicityPOspecifywhetherornotthe"decc$"prefixshouldbe prepended>O totheexternalsymbolnamesbythe compiler.NOOThe qualifiers,andmost(all?)(with associatedpragmas,thatIOmaybeofinterestwhen migratingVAXCcodetoHPCO5include:R( `mm/PREFIX=ALL_ENTRIES MWAs mentionedabove.'Failureto specificythis qualifiercanLcausethecompilertonotaddtheprefixesforthenamesOoftheClibraryroutinesintothe referencesplacedintheIaobjectmodule,whichcaninturncauseproblemsresolv-Jingtheexternalsymbolsinthelibrarywhentheobjectcodeislinked. `* /ASSUME=WRITABLE_STRING_LITERALSEWSomeVAXCprograms erroneouslywritetothestringN literals.(Bydefault,HPCdoesnotallowthe constantstochange. `/SHARE_GLOBALSMWEnablessharing("shr")ofglobalsandofextern variables.IHPCsetsexternsas non-shareable ("noshr"),VAXCas"shr". `#/EXTERN_MODE=COMMON_BLOCKH~EWVAXCassumescommonblockmodelforexternallink-ages. `///[NO]MEMBER_ALIGNMENTqGEWReferstothepaddingplacedbetweenmemberelementsFwithinastruct.) Disablingmember alignmentpackstheGdatamoretightlyintomemory,butthis packaginghasAa performance implications,bothonOpenVMSVAXand4 particularlyonOpenVMSAlphasystems.! ajGOPermit structurememberstobe naturallyalignedwhen-BOever possible,andavoidusing/NOMEMBER_ALIGNMENT.JO5Ifyouneedtodisablemember alignment,usetheequiv-HOilent#pragmato designatethespecific structures..TheHO alignmentof structuremembersnormallyonlycomesintoIO>playwithspecific unaligneddatastructures-suchastheLO sys$creprcquota itemlist-andwithdata structuresthatareROusingdatathatwas organizedbyasystemusingbyteorother OH non-member alignment. KOVersionsofHPCsuchasV6.0includethe capabilitytoLOextractthecontentsofthestandardheader librariesintoFO5 directoriessuchasSYS$SYSROOT:[DECC$LIB...],andpro-LOvidevariouslogicalnamesthatcanbedefinedtocontrolNOlibrary searches.)WithHPCversionssuchasV6.0,thede-LO>fault operationsofthecompilermatchthe expectationsofDOmostOpenVMS programmers,without requiringanydef-MOinitionsof site-specificlibrary-relatedlogicalnames.*(AndMOHlogicalnamesleftfromolderDECCversionscan sometimesCOcausethecompilertroubleslocatingheaderfiles.)! [OOHPCV5.6andlaterincludeabackportlibrary,a mechanismFObywhichHPCrunningonolderOpenVMSreleasescanPO5gainaccesstonewerRTLroutinesaddedtotheRTLinlaterDOOpenVMS releases-thelanguageRTLsshipwithOpenVMS2Oitself,andnotwiththe compilers.uKAOExampleCcodeis availableinSYS$EXAMPLES:, in9O DECW$EXAMPLES(whenthe DECwindowsexamplesIO5are installed),inTCPIP$SERVICES(oronolder releases,DO UCX$EXAMPLES)whenHPTCP/IPServicesis installed),DOontheFreewareCD-ROMs,andatwebsitessuchasc9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?+O10.22.1COthercommonCissuesMO4The localtime( )functionandvariousother functionsmain-JOtainthenumberofyearssince1900inthe"structtm"KO structuremembertm_year.)ThisfieldwillcontainavalueQO=of100intheyear2000,101for2001,etc.,andtheyearlyFOincrementationofthisfieldisexpectedto continue.P&HOTheCepoch typicallyusesalongword(knownastime_LOt)tocontainthenumberofsecondssincemidnighton1-JO5 Jan-1970.+Atthecurrentrateof consumptionofseconds,LOthislongwordisexpectedtooverflow(when interpretedasHOasigned longword)circa03:14:07on 19-Jan-2038(GMT),MO>asthistimeiscirca 0x7FFFFFFFsecondssincetheCbaseOOdate.)(Themostcommonsolutionistoensurethattime_tisOan unsigned.)d:SOIfCdoesnot correctlyhandlethedisplayofthelocalsystemCOtime,thenchecktheUTC configurationonOpenVMS-JO5themostcommonsymptomofthisisaskewofonehourKO(orwhateverthelocaldaylightsavingstimechangemightMObe).+Thisskewcanbecausedby incorrecthandlingoftheOO>"is_dst"settinginthe applicationprogram,orbyanincor-JOrectOpenVMSUTC configurationonthelocalsystem.((SeeOsectionYSection4.4.)*Y|?Q IOFloatingpointis prohibitedinOpenVMSAlpha inner-modeJO (privileged)code,andinanyprocessorother executionLO5contextthatdoesnothavefloatingpointenabled.,Cpro-BOgrammers developingandworkingwithOpenVMSAlphaLOhigh-IPL kernel-modecodesuchasdevicedriverswillwantNO>tobecomefamiliarwiththefloatingpoint processingavail-MOableinthe environment,andwiththeCcompiler qualifier6O$/INSTRUCTION_SET=[NO]FLOATING_POINT.DeviceLOHdriversandothersimilar kernel-modeCcodemustbecom-;Opiledwith/INSTRUCTION_SET=FLOATING_POINTand&O/EXTERN_MODEL=STRICT_REFDEF.! ?O Additionally,the!SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C.TLB/LIBRARYOO parameterwillbeneededtobeappendedtothemodulespec-LO5 ificationordeclaredviatheC compiler'sincludelibraryIOlogicalname mechanismwhentheCcompileris resolvingIO kernel-modedata structuresand definitions.+ThislibraryGO>containsOpenVMS kernel-modeandothersystem declarac-NOtions,and particularlyamixtureof undocumented definitionsOOand declarations,and particularly definitionsand declarationsPOHthataresubjecttochange(andthatcan accordinglyleadtoHO requirementsforthe recompilationof applicationcode).P&KOWhensharing variableswithother languages,hereissome!OexampleHPCcode... /a...%/#pragma& extern_model%save./#pragma& extern_model% strict_refdef%/9extern%intpVMS$GL_FLAVOR;(/#pragma& extern_model%restore /...BOandhereissome associatedexampleBlisscode... /.../PEXTERNALVMS$GL_FLAVOR,/....! g-O10.22.2COthercommonC++issuesGO4HPC++(aseparatecompilerfromHPC)providesbothHOsymbolmanglingandsymbol decoration.+Someofthede-NOtailsofworkingwithlongersymbolnamesandthe resultingHO=symbolnamemanglinginmixedlanguage environmentsarePOlistedinthe shareableimage cookbook,andintheC++docu-IO mentation.(Symbolname decorationpermitsthe overloadingPOGof functions(byadding characterstotheexternalsymbolforQOthefunctiontoindicatethefunctionreturntypeandthear-HOgumentdatatypes involved),andmixed-languageexternalSOQ referencescanandoftendoneedtodisablethis decorationvia3Otheextern"C" declaration mechanism:/.extern%"C" zv{-zextern%int%ExternSymbol(void%*);2zextern%int%OtherExternSymbol(void%*); zN}uOAlsoseeSection14.7-Afor informationon /ARCHITECTUREOand/OPTIMIZE=TUNE.*F?  OSeeSection10.158for informationontheCsystemandthe5O lib$spawncallinCAPTIVE environments.* F? VJO Constructssuchastheorderofincrementationordecre-JO mentationandtheorderofargument processingwithinanHO5argumentlistareallimplementation-defined.*Thismeans0OthatCcoding constructssuchas:i%=&i++;Za[i]%=&i++;foo(%i,%i++,&--i);!  GOare undefinedandcanhave (adverse) implicationswhenQOportingtheCcodetoanotherCcompilerortoanotherplat-JO5form.+Ingeneral,any combinationof++,-,=,+=,-=, @* +5=,OOetc operatorsthatwillcausethesamevaluetobemodifiedLOmultipletimes(betweenwhattheANSI/ISOCstandardcallsGO> "sequencepoints")produce undefinedandimplementation-Ospecificresults.   WQOWithinC,the followingarethe "sequencepoints":*the";"atSOtheendofaC statment,the'|| ,&&,?:,andcommaopera-UO5tors,andacalltoa function.(Note specificallythat=isNOTJOasequencepoint,andthatthe individual argumentscon-OOtainedwithinafunctionargumentlistcanbe processedfromNO>righttoleft,fromlefttoright,oratanyrandomwhim. vGOHPCforOpenVMSVAX (formerlyDECC)andVAXCdo/Odifferintherelated processing. ^MOSoyouarelookingforOpenVMS-specific definitions(includeOfiles)?;O UCBDEF.H,PCBDEF.HandotherOpenVMS-specificDOdefinitions-theseare consideredpartofOpenVMSandNO5notpartoftheCcompilerkit-are availableonallrecent#OOpenVMSAlpha releases. @OTo referencethe version-dependent symbol libraryKOsys$share:sys$lib_c.tlb,useacommandsimilartothefol-#O5lowingfor compilation:2O$&CC&!sourcea+SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C/LIBYBOYoucanalsodefineDECC$TEXT_LIBRARYto referenceOthelibrary. JOYouwillwanttoreviewthe ProgrammingConceptsmanual,COand specificallytakeaquicklookatChapter21.) DOAndsomegeneral background:,theSTARLET definitionsMO(andthusthesys$starlet_c.tlblibrary)containthesymbolsIO5andthe definitionsthatare independentoftheOpenVMSGOversion./TheLIB definitions(andthus sys$lib_c)con-LOtainsymbolsand definitionsthatcanbe dependentontheMO>OpenVMSversion.(Youwon'tneedtorebuildyourcodeafterJOanOpenVMSupgradeifyouhaveincluded definitionsfromLOSTARLET.Thesamecannotbesaidforsomeofthedefini-NOHtionsinLIB-youmightneedtorebuildyourcode.'(TheUCBMO structurecanandhaschangedfromreleasetorelease,forO instance.)LORecentversionsofC automaticallysearchsys$starlet_c.tlb.COExplicit specificationof sys$lib_c.tlbis required.cMOAlsoseetheAskTheWizardwebsitetopics(2486),(3803),Oand(1661):c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?W OSeeSection9.5;yfor informationontheCoff_t limitations,GOresolvedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlaterandinECOkitsNO5 availableforspecificOpenVMS releases.)Theuseofalong-TOwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingnativeCI/OtofileROsizesoftwo gigabytesorless,orthese applicationsmustuseAO>nativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecific operations.*F~?N)JO11.1CHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy'( workstation?KOOna workstation,youwillwanttousethe ``Customize''NOmenuofthesessionmanagerutilityandselect ``Security''.NO^Whenthepop-upboxappears,youcanselectthehostnode,JO username,andtranportthatwillallowyoutolaunchan@O applicationthattargetsthe workstationdisplay.yQOIfthisdoesnotprovideyouwithaccesstothedisplay,You(Oneeda checklistofsorts:! A `mJmMakesurethatyou've specifiedthe X-windows ``display''G correctlyontheremotehost.*ForaDECnet transport,Lthe specificationusestwocolons,whiletheTCP/IPtrans-Kwport typicallyusesone.'TheXWindowsserverandtheXKWindowsscreenfollowthehostspecification, delimitedby#(aperiod.'Forexample:!  `IIfyouhaveverifiedthecommandiscorrectandthingsMarestillnotworking,ensuretheSecuritysettingsontheFTOpenVMShostsidewillallowtheincoming connection:HPulldownthe ``Options''menuintheSessionManager,Pandselect``Security...''.)IfyoudonotfindyourhostandB^usernameand transportlistedamongthe authorized6users,youwillneedtoaddanentry.# !  @YTherearevarious transports available, including?YLOCAL,DECNET,LAT,andTCPIP.YoumustSelectEYMthe transport appropriatetotheincoming connection. 1YIfthe transportis ``DECnet'',do NOTaddthedouble+Y%colon(::)&tothenodename. 8YIfthe transportis ``TCPIP'', "Username"=must beYanasterisk( *,D)./Why?.BecauseunlikeDECnet,@YUtheTCP/IPprotocoldoesnotprovidetheremote?Yusername informationintheincoming connection. -MY-Ifthe connectionis ``TCPIP'',itisbesttouseafull;Ydomainname(e.g.+Node.Subd.Domain).,However,LYyoumayhavetousetheIPaddressitself,ifyourhostGY7doesnothaveawaytoresolvetheaddressviaDNS.JYIfyouhavetheluxuryoffixed addresses(eg:'youare YnotAusingDHCP),thenitcanbehelpfultoaddtwoFY@entriesforeachTCP/IPhost,onethat specifiestheDYhostnameandonethat specifiesthehostaddress. >YTherearevariousTCP/IPpackagesforOpenVMS,FYqandyoumustusesyntax appropriatetothe transportY installed. IEYIIfaTCP/IP connectionisstillnotworking,ensureDYthatthe transportyouwanthasbeen activatedfor%Yusewith DECwindows.'SeeHSection11.151fordetailsof0YR  configuringTCP/IPasa transport. ` C Thereisalogfilecreatedin SYS$MANAGER:whichJ* cantellyouwhich transportsareloaded,andalsotellB youwhatconnectattemptswere rejected, includingG showingwhatthe presented credentialswere.*Thisfile24 is$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_0_ERROR.LOG,E althoughthe0couldbeanothernumberifyouhaveN multipleserversonthe workstation.'IhavefoundthisfileM> tobeveryusefulfortrackingdownwhatneedstobeput7 intheSessionManagerSecurityentries.*!H?a*" #IO11.2CHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?KOUTocreateadisplayfromanOpenVMShosttoaremoteXIOWindowsdisplay,useoneofthe followingDCL commands:OO2$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=net_transport&/NODE=remote_nodeEOz$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=LAT%/NODE=remote_nodeHO$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=DECnet%/NODE=remote_nodeGO $&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=TCPIP%/NODE=remote_node#! nNONotethatLATis typicallyusedonlyfortheVXTseriesXNOWindows terminals,butitcanalsobeusedfromOpenVMStoIO5OpenVMSsystemsonvariousOpenVMS releases,suchasonJOOpenVMSAlphaV6.1andlater.*Fordetailson configuring&OtheTCP/IP transport,seeSection11.15.*#?a$! NLOIfyouare interestedinXWindows terminalsandhaveanLOolder VAXstationsystemaround,pleaseseetheEWSpackageO5onFreewareV5.0.T.*:O11.6CWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?SOUFirstchecktoseeifthereisagraphicsdevice,usuallyaG a*IOdevice.*(eg:*OnaDEC2000model300,usethecommandIOSHOWDEVICEGQ)Ifyoudonotfindagraphicsdevice:/  `mGmOpenVMShasfailedtofindthe appropriateIRQinfor-DmationforanEISAgraphicscard(ontheDEC2000Gseries)suchastheHP(Compaq)QVision,anddidnotGw autoconfigureit.'RunthecorrectECU(forTru64UNIXDandOpenVMS)andreboot.,Thisis necessaryonlyon( EISA-basedsystems. `FYouhavean EISA-basedsystem(suchastheDEC2000Cmodel300)anddonothaveaHP(Compaq)QVisionHYvideocard.'ThisEISAgraphicscardshouldhaveCompaqJprintedonit,and identifiesitselfasaCPQ3011oraN CPQ3111.(IfitisnotoneofthesetwoEISAdevices,thenHbOpenVMSdoesnotsupportit.)(Therearenoothersup-HportedEISAgraphics controllers,andEISAgraphicsareDnormallyusedwith DECwindowsonlyontheDEC2000lseries systems.) `AYouhavea PCI-basedsystem, anddonothaveaAD supportedgraphicscontroller-examplesof supported/ controllersincludethe following:0 hYh PowerStorm3D30 Y PowerStorm4D20 fYf PowerStorm300 Y PowerStorm350 eYeELSAGLoriaSynergy Y3DLabsOxygenVX161   WSeedWSection5.158#Wforfurther informationonsomeofthese graphics controllers. `/I/Youhavebootedthesystem minimally,orhave otherwise<disabledthedeviceautoconfigurationprocess.*1d? v2LOIfthereisaG F*$graphicsdevicepresent:Q30 r' `mGmTheremayhavebeenasevereerrorinthe DECwindowsEstartup.'TypethecontentsofSYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_B 0_ERROR.LOGforany informationonerrorsstartingwtheserver. `AThesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMisnotsettoEO1.)WhilethiswasacommonwayforsystemmanagersKtodisablethe DECwindowsserverstartup,itisnotpar-J ticularlyreliableas DECwindowscannow ``correct''thisYsetting.4! TpCWIfyoureallydonotwantanOpenVMSsystemwithC workstationhardwareto bootstrapand configureit-Hselfasa workstation,addthe following definitiontoaSYLOGICALS.COM:>$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXEC%DECW$IGNORE_WORKSTATION%TRUE `eCeYoumaynothaveavalid DECwindowsMotiflicenseKloaded.'TocheckforthetwomostcommontypesofMotifIproduct authorizationkeys(PAKs),usethe followingDCLo commands:)$&LICENSE%LIST% DW-MOTIF/FULL-;$&LICENSE%LIST%NET-APP-SUP*/FULL5FWandexaminethe information displayed.(MakesurethatEoneoftheselicensesispresent,validandactive.6L cGWFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductH authorizationkeys(PAKs)whenyoucannotlogintothe(system directly,pleaseseeSection5.5.2. `9CheckthattheDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMOiscorrectforthegraphics controllerinuse.'For instance:*6?27 AWThe followingisfromthe9FXVision330Owners>Guide, EK-V330G-OGpg2-9..Placethe following2inDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,cre-?aatibng.COMfrom .TEMPLATEif necessary.,Locate6theDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMfilein<SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR]orinSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]Jkas appropriate;theformerfileisusedforthissystemMwithinaclusterconfiguration,andthelatterisusedforUallsystemsthatdonotalsohavealocalcopyofthisfilein tSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR].-$&DECW$XSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&xvalue-A$&DECW$YSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&yvalue@$& DEFINE/SYSTEM%DECW$SERVER_REFRESH_RATE& rate_in_Hz8 !WAlsoseeWSection11.12.,WDetailsofthe PowerStorm3D30Iand4D20settingsare availableintheOpenVMSAskTheWizardarea.*8?R 9DO11.7CHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?AOUIfyouarecreatinganewDECtermwindow,check8O$&HELP%CREATE& /TERMINAL%/WINDOW_ATTRIBUTESf: <TOIfyouwanttochangethetitleofanexistingwindow,usethe/O followingcontrol sequences,where > >T Iesc T >istheANSIescapeSO5code,valuedecimal27,and``textlabel''iswhatyouwanttoOdisplay:;9.OTosettheDECtermtitle,send: ` `M k esc M `]21;text%label  M  esc M  \<9+OTosettheiconlabel,send: ` `M k esc M `]2L;text%label  M  esc M  \= R`NOTosetboththeDECtermtitleandicontothefulldeviceOname:Oa$Kesc[0,7]%=&27QO$K fulldevnam&=%5F$Edit(F$GetDVI("TT","FULLDEVNAM"),"UPCASE,COLLAPSE")KO$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]21;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\"KO9$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]2L;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\"> lROYoucanalsochangethetitleandtheiconusingtheOptions-O Window...'menu.y?OOAlsosee}Section12.1 <andSection8.11.*?}F?c*?F?; EM AO11.11CWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?POUThisislikelyaresultof receivinganOPCOMorothercon-POsolemessageonasystemthatsharesthesystemconsolewith:Othe DECwindowsgraphics workstationdisplay.!N NEOYoucantoggleofftheconsoledisplaywindowusing C@ ETCTRL/F2 ET @8OandyoucanenableaserialconsoleperSection14.3.6 orO5Section 14.3.3.3.*N?*NO?O| W|GOAlsoseetheconsolemessagewindow applicationavail-=Oablewithrecent DECwindowsversions-DECwindowsFO5versionsV1.2-3andlaterwillenablethiswindowbyEOdefault.1Fordetailsonthisconsolemessagewindow,6Osee the DECW$CONSOLE_SELECTIONoption in7O>-SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE.PQOOnolder releases,youcandisableoutputusingthe following:7O$&SET%TERMINAL/PERMANENT/NOBROADCAST%OPA0:,OP$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLEQwOAlso seeSection 14.3.3.2,Section14.19,andAlso seeOSection8.3,*QF!?*QF?:*QO|?!qFEO13.1CWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor'(OpenVMS? `?Detailsonmany commercialOpenVMSproductsare3- availableinthecataloglocatedat:c 9 h.Yh$http://www.compaq.com/csa/directory/ `>AnOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMis distributedwithD@OpenVMS,andisalso available separately (QA-6KZAA-AH8).'ThecontentsoftheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM2mediaarealso availableonlineat: h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ !Yftp://ftp.montagar.com/ f)Yfftp://mvb.saic.com/freewarev40/ !MWandatvariousothersites.'Thewebsitealsoincludesvar-Diousupdatesandnewpackagesthatbecome available:aftertheCD-ROM distributionsarecreated.p pFFW SubmissionstotheOpenVMSFreewarecanbemadevia:e; h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/qG@WToacquiretheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribu-Etion,youcanorderanOpenVMS distributionfromHPC(theFreewareis included)(seetheOpenVMSSPDforIapart numbers),oryoucan specificallyorderaFreeware6 distributionfromHPunderpartnumber:J  hYh QA-6KZAA-H8! DWTheFreewareCD-ROMsetcontainsalarge assortmentSof freeware,andisagoodstartingpointiflookingforutil-Lities.)ManyofthepackageslistedbelowarealsoontheDaFreewareCD.Someofthemost oft-requestedOpenVMSEtoolsontheFreewareCDincludeZIPandUNZIPandBGZIP(pleaseseeSOFT14),MMK(make),PINE,PERL,<kTAR,UUENCODEand UUDECODE.Manyothertools,are availableonthe Freeware. `B8BTheUUENCODEandUUDECODEtoolsandvar-Hiousothertoolsarealso availableaspartofTCP/IP@Servicespackage.+(UsetheDCLcommand procedure/L%SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COMK availableonV5.0andlatertosetupthe necessaryDCLHforeigncommandsymbolsusedfortheseandforvarious8VothertoolsprovidedbyTCP/IP Services.) `=OpenVMSsoftware (formerlyatWesternKentuckyG. University(WKU)isnow availableviaMadgoatandvia&ProcessSoftware archives: h3Yh)http://www.process.com/openvms/index.html !Yhttp://www.madgoat.com/ `fDfTheFILESERVpackagesarealso availableviaanony-mousFTPfrom: } h-Yh#ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/ 7Yftp.process.com,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. fFYfftp.vms.stacken.kth.se,under[.MIRRORS.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. 9Yftp.ctrl-c.liu.se,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. eYeftp.riken.go.jp =Yftp.vsm.com.au,underkitsandkits/decwindows. d;Ydftp.vsm.com.au,viatheWWWinsteadofFTP. R@WThepackagesarealso availableviae-mailfrom:FILESERV@PROCESS.COM.SendthecommandsHELPMandDIRALLinthebodyofamailmessagetothisemailIaaddressforfurther informationon retrievingthefiles. `GArneVajhjoperatesanOpenVMSwebsite,withsoftware$9andother pointers,at:  h&Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `AJouk maintainsasummaryofvarious public-domainJ@and open-sourcesoftwareports,and specificallyportsof/packagesforuseonOpenVMS,at: h/Yh%http://nchrem.tnw.tudelft.nl/openvms/ `BTheKermitfiletransferpackageis availableat: h)Yhhttp://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ $Yftp://kermit.columbia.edu/ `f$fZMODEMis availableat:^4 h)Yhftp://ftp.cs.pdx.edu/pub/zmodem[\LWSeetheFILESfileinthat directoryforfurtherdetails.DNotethatthisfreewareversionofZMODEMwillin-F teroperateonlywithZMODEMsoftwarethatislicensedFafromOmen Technology.*(Thispackageisalso available9onvariousoftheFreewaredistributions.) `9C9AgoodsourceofsoftwareforOpenVMSsystemsandGforvariousother platformsisthe Encompass (formerlyGknownasDECUS)library.(Onlinecatalogsare available+BaswellassomesoftwareviaW hYhftp://ftp.decus.org $Ygopher://gopher.decus.org/ fYfhttp://www.decus.org/ `ADECUSSIGTape collectionsare availableonMark> Berryman'ssystem, hYhftp://mvb.saic.com/ `7DavidJones'sDECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER>@ World-WideWebserverforOpenVMS,oftenknown"astheOSU webserver:@ Y hAYh7http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html `@5@SecureShell(SSH)ServerforOpenVMS:oE h:Yh0http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/~JONESD/ssh/DOC/ep;;WSecureShell(SSH)FISHClientforOpenVMS:Z0 h%Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/ep;;W InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)forOpenVMS:]3 h(Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/openssl/Z0 h%Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/\CW InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)andOSUWebserverinteroperation:g= h2Yh(http://www.ourservers.net/openvms_ports/&CWOpenSSLisincludedwithOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater. `; DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3includesNCSAMosaicE/2.4builtforTCP/IPServices(UCX).V1.2-4includes@SpyglassEnhancedMosaic,whichsupportsmanyofCtheNetscape enhancements.+VersionsoftheNetscapeB9 Navigatorand particularlytheMozillaWebBrowserBarealso availableforOpenVMS.TheCompaqSecureFWebBrowser(CSWB)kitisapackagedversionofthe6B Mozilla.orgMozillaWebBrowser.&<(CSWB) `FAportoftheNCSAMosaicwebbrowserthatsupports@TCP/IP Services,MultinetandSOCKETSHR/NETLIBiss availablefrom:]3 h(Yhftp://wvnvms.wvnet.edu/mosaic/KWVersionsoftheMosaicwebbrowserarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/A/Lynx(acharacter-cellWorld-Wide-Webwebbrowser)is availablefrom_5 h*Yh ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx JWVersionsofLynx,acharacter-cellwebbrowser,arealso0 availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `/D/TheNetscape NavigatorandMozillawebbrowsersare availableat:  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html !Yhttp://www.mozilla.org/ `fAfPGP(Phil Zimmerman's``PrettyGood Privacy'')isJ availablefromvarious distributionsites, includingthoseClistedinthePGPFAQ. InformationonPGPandonEpOpenVMS downloadsofPGPis available.'RelevantURLsinclude: hYhhttp://www.ipgpp.org/ -Y#http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html fYfhttp://www.pgpi.com/ 1Y'http://www.yrl.co.uk/~phil/pds/pds.htmlo hYhhttp://www.nai.com/ `<GNUPrivacyGuard(GPG,GnuPG)is available. !DWSearchthe comp.os.vms newsgrouparchivesforinfor-Fmation regardingGnuPG;thesourcecode,binariesforKvarious platforms,and documentationareall availableat:T* hYhhttp://www.gnupg.org/^AWTheOpenVMSsourcecodeandOpenVMSAlphaimagescanbefoundat: h:Yh0http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/openvms/ 4Y*ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/mathog/RZDWAsofthiswriting,theportonlyrunsonOpenVMSHAlpha,butan investigationofanOpenVMSVAXportis+ reportedlyunderconsideration. `CAnarchiveoftheCENA DECwindows,XWindows,andEVMSsoftwarepackagescanbefoundatthe following9sites:C~ h"Yhhttp://decwarch.free.fr/ (Yftp://ftp2.cnam.fr/decwindows/ f-Yf#ftp://ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se/decwindows/ :Y0ftp://ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se/mirrors/decwindows/ e1Ye'http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/~TBWOtherFTPmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveinclude:Z h#Yh axp.psl.ku.dk (Multinet) !Y ftp2.cnam.fr (MadGoat)!IW ftp.x.org(in /contrib/vms)is effectivelynotamirror,DbutitdoeshavevariousOpenVMSpackagesfromthe DECwindowsarchive.! jNWAlistofthehttpmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveis availableat:x N hCYh9http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/wwwar/cena/decwindows/cena.html!EWVariousofthesepackagesarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/C/ ImageMagickisanX11packagefordisplayandin-F teractive manipulationofimages.)ThepackageincludesItoolsforimage conversion, annotation, compositing,ani-C9mation,andcreating montages.) ImageMagickcanreadIandwritemanyofthemorepopularimageformats(e.g.6JPEG,TIFF,PNM,XPM,PhotoCD,etc.).Z0 h%Yhhttp://www.imagemagick.org/AWVersionsof ImageMagickarealsoincludedonthe Freeware. `/K/XVisaimageviewingandeditingtoolandis availablefrom: m h(Yhftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv !Yhttp://www.sanface.com/ f3Yf)ftp://www-pi.physics.uiowa.edu/~dyson/xv/ `CManysoftwarepackagesare availablefor displayingJ>variousbitmapfiles(.JPG,.GIF,.BMP,etc)onOpenVMS.C Xloadimage,Xli,Xv, ImageMagickarethemostcom-CmontoolsusedunderOpenVMS.VariouswebbrowsersMHsuchasMozilla(qv)canalsodisplayvariousfileformatsGonOpenVMS.Youcanfindsomeofthesetoolsatthe DECwindowsArchive:K[ 1! h;Yh1http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/index.html pWAlsosee:! Y h,Yh"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gnu/ `MXPDF,aviewerforPDF(AdobeAcrobat)files,is available@from:[1 h&Yhhttp://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/Wp--WAlso availableonthe Freeware. !CWBeware:'theXPDFtoolincludedonOpenVMSFreewareKV4.0isdated,andhasbeenfoundtohavevariousbugs.LUsetheFreewareV5.0versionoftheXPDFkit,orlater. JWA Java-basedPDFvieweris availablefromAdobe,andisCknowntooperateonrecentOpenVMSAlpha releases:Y hYhhttp://www.adobe.com/ `=VariousOpenVMS-related tools-bothfreewareand?@shareware-suchas txt2pdf-are availablefromat:Y h!Yhhttp://www.sanface.com/ `GTheMPEGlibraryversion1.1is availableforOpenVMS@VAXandAlphaat h;Yh1ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.readme 8Y.ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.zip RfIWVariousMPEGplayersandrelatedtoolsare availableonthe Freeware. `/G/AnArchiecloneis availableatINFO.CS.PUB.RO.TelnetItothatmachine,andloginasVMSARCI.ItcontainsnowNlistingsforover30ftpserverswithover14 gigabytesof9OpenVMS software.\! 2CWThemostusefulcommandsareLIST,which generatesIalistofscannedftpservers,andFINDstring,whichsPlooksforafile containing"string"inthename;thesearchMamodesareonly "substring" [default]and"exact",andregexHsearchisnot supported(soFINDEMACSwillwork,butFIND *EMACS *RorFIND *EMACS * . **lwillnot).,The'ksearchiscase-insensitive.O! %JWThe maintainerofthesite(stfp@roipb.cs.ipb.ro)requestsEthatanyonesubmit notificationsofFTPserverswithCOpenvMSsoftwarethatarenotlistedonthesite. `HTheLevitte (extended:-)Family(andOpenVMS)website:!  h!Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/ &Yhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `fFfRobertAlanByer'sOpenVMSHobbyistSystems, includingAOpenVMSpublicdomainsoftwareandvariousports:` h$Yhhttp://www.ourservers.net/ `&CalTechSoftware Archives:Y h9Yh/http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/AAA_Y CONTENTS.TXT `@6@DJESystemsWebsite(DavidJ. Dachtera)Z h-Yh#http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/ `WebServers:}SAWApacheWebserver(HP(Compaq)SecureWebServer(CSWS)): Y hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html =Y3http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/~jonesd/apache/1_Y@3_9/qpGGWTheSOAPToolkitis availableattheOpenVMSwebsite.DpWOSUWebserver  hCYh9http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html 'Yhttp://www.kjsl.com/archives/ f7Yfemaillist:'VMS-WEB-daemon-Request@KJSL.COMEpWWASDWebserver[1 h&Yhhttp://wasd.vsm.com.au/wasd/Jp  WPurveyorWebserver: hJYhemaillist:(listserv@cjis.ci.lincoln.ne.us,nosubject,one-Ylinemessage:' SUBSCRIBEPURVEYOR[p11WFastCGIsoftwareis availablefrom: h+Yh!http://www.DigitalSynergyInc.com/ `FCD-R(CD-Recordable)mediatoolsare available,please @seeX@Section9.7. `.Grace(WYSIWYG2Dplottingtool)*X|?bE1 h2Yh(http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ `DThePOV-Ray ("PersistanceofVision" Raytracer)ray-E@tracinggraphicspackageis availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `, Majordomomailinglisthandler:  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@C@PINE(OpenVMStoolsforsendingand receivingMIMEmail): h0Yh&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ppFFWAMIMEtoolis availableinOpenVMSV7.2andlater.ZGWAlsoseethemmencodebase64encodeanddecodeavail-ableat: h7Yh-http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/htbin/software_Ylist.cgi `@=@ Menufinder (menu-drivensystem managementenvi- ronment):  h.Yh$http://www.itre.com/mf/download.html `@ SYSLOGCLIENT(aclientfor processingSYSLOGre-G@quests)hasbeenprovidedfordownloadbyMarkHemker at:o h4Yh*http://home.insightbb.com/~hemker/vms.html `%tcgmsg,pvm,mpi,linda:+  h=Yh3ftp://v36.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/tcgmsg_vms/tcgmsg_Yvms.zip `@>@OpenVMSsoftwarethatcancontrola Tripp-LiteEUninterruptablePowerSupply(UPS)is availablefrom:v; L hAYh7http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/TCONTROL.ZIP]CWUPShot web-basedsoftwarefor controllingaUPSis availablefrom:c9 h.Yh$http://www.tmesis.com/apc/beta.htmlxzDWOpenVMSsoftwarefor controllingLiebertUPSdevices6are availablefromtheLiebertwebsite:! Y h/Yh%http://www.liebert.com/apc/beta.htmlx `EExamplesofusingtheOpenVMSForeignMAIL interface@are availableat:&  hHYh>http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/foreignmail.zip 9Y/http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/nbl/nbl.zip `fEfFortoolstomanageortosearchyourOpenVMSMAILfile,see:y` bO hGYh=http://vms.process.com/scripts/fileserv/fileserv.com?MLSEARCH `@E@AscToHTMattemptstoconvertanyplaintextfiletoIHTML,whileAscToTab restrictsitselftofilesthatareGplaintexttables./ (VersionsarealsoavailabeontheIOpenVMS Freeware).s! 1I h4Yh*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctohtm/index.html 4Y*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctotab/index.html `fGf InformationontheSAMBApackage,apackagethatpro-Dvides SMB-based MicrosoftWindowsPCdiskandprint5servicesforOpenVMS,is availableat: h@Yh6http://ifn03.ifn.ing.tu-bs.de/ifn/sonst/samba-vms.html Yhttp://www.samba.org/ f0Yf&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ ! IWTo subscribetothe SAMBA-VMSmailingliste-maillist-Fproc@samba.orgwithnosubjectlineandthe following!singlelineoftext:0 subscribe% samba-vms&Your%Full%Name>pWAlsosee: h!Yhhttp://lists.samba.org/ `@ThePerllanguageis availableforOpenVMS,see@Section13.10@fordetails. `+XMLis availableforOpenVMS.*?TspIIWSourcecodeofanXMLParseris availablefromOracle.>pWAlsosee:b8 h-Yh#http://www.python.org/sigs/xml-sig/HEWAnXMLparseris availableaspartofOpenVMSV7.3andlater. `/7/GTK+(TheGIMPGUITookit)forOpenVMS:?  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@G@TheOpenVMSPortingLibrarynow available,andisin-LtendedtopermiteasierportingofCandC++ applications+fromUNIXsystemstoOpenVMS:v L hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html}S#WGTKisalso available. `%Mlucas (specializedFFT): h2Yh(ftp://hogranch.com/pub/mayer/README.html `KToolstomonitorthe terminalsandtheactivityofotherD@OpenVMSusers(inadditiontoexistingauditingca-C pabilitiesinOpenVMS)are available.-PeekandSpyD (Networking Dynamics)andContrl(Raxco)aretwoofFIthe commercial packages,whilethefreeware Supervisor3packageis availableonOpenVMSVAX. h,Yh"http://www.networkingdynamics.com/ Yhttp://www.raxco.com/ `ffPythonforOpenVMS:U+ h Yhhttp://www.python.org/a,WAlsoseetheOpenVMS Freeware. `*VariouspackagesforOpenVMS:  h>Yh4http://richj.home.mindspring.com/richware/index.html :Y0http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/links/cool_vax_Y@vms.html `?TSM (TerminalServerManager)is availablevia:.  h9Yh/http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_(Yarchive/servers/tsm/index.html @;Y@'http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/,lookonYFreewareV5.0URL. @YBeware:)TheTSMsavesetshippedontheFreewareDYpV5.0diskmediaisknowntobebusted.*DownloadaEYnewcopyofthesavesetfromtheFreewareV5.0FTP9Y!serverorfromtheFreewareV5.0website. `TCLforOpenVMS:B 1 h6Yh,ftp://sapodilla.rsmas.miami.edu/pub/VMS-tcl/ `Jmake,gmake,mmkandotherbuildtoolsare availableon@the Freeware. `GAnOpenVMSportoftheht://Digwebsearchengineis availableat:u h'Yhftp://ftp.pdv-systeme.de/vms/ `8AmySQLdatabaseclientis availableat: h3Yh)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-,Y"3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.zip @3Y@)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-/Y%3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.readme !FWFor additional informationrelatedtothemySQLport,Cpleasesearchthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.+AGMySQLportisalso availableontheOpenVMS Freeware.X . h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `LIfyouneedtochangethefile modificationdateandareO@lookingforautilitysuchastheUNIXtouchtool,lookatCDFUontheOpenVMSFreeware(DFUSETor simular),9oruseanexistingDCLcommandssuchas:Bv$&SET%&FILE/PROTECT=(current_protection_mask)%[...]*.* `DAtablelisting translationsbetweenUNIXshellandBMOpenVMSDCLcommandswaspostedto comp.os.vmsbyF ChristopherSmithsometimeago.*Thispageshouldbe< availablefromthegoogle newsgroup archives. `~E~TheUNIXtouchtoolis availableviavariousmeans:,$&RENAME%filename.ext;version%*t J h?Yh5http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/TOUCHx<WMadGoatFILEtool(seetheMadGoat archives) `1use/REVISION_DATEor/CREATION_DATEa77OTheDFUtool(seetheOpenVMS Freeware)OThepair:?O$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)HOP$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)&/delete O$&SET%FILE/VERSION=0OThe followinghack:-O$!pCommand% procedure& SETDATE.COM OP$!>O$!pChanges%the&DATES&for%an%input%file&to&a#O$!pfile%named%OUTFILE. O($!&Op $assign/nolog&'p1'%outfile0O$convert/fdl=sys$input&'p1'%outfile:OdateOHcreationp 01-apr-2010!O expiration& 01-Apr-2012Orevisionp 01-Apr-2011O backup Oh...c99OThe followingRMSsystemservice sequence:  `mDm sys$open( ),withtheXABRDTXAB structurechained. `>setthedesiredvalueswithintheXABRDTXAB. `ll sys$close( )  6(  ?O13.3CWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?KOU Mozilla.orgisanopensource organization providingHTML-ROrelatedtools;softwarethatisthebasisforvarious utilities0O includingtheMozillawebbrowser.)! WHOOpenVMS Engineeringis continuouslyporting Mozilla.org'sKOwebbrowsertoOpenVMS,andOpenVMSportsofthecurrentKO5Mozilla baselevelsandreleasesare available.(TheOpenVMSNOMozillaportincludesthewebbrowser,themailclient,theEOComposerHTMLeditor,anIRCchatclient,anetnews6O>(NNTP)reader,andvariousothertools.* NJOTheMozillawebbrowserdownloadandthe developmentandPOrelease schedulesforthisandforotherMozilla-relatedtoolsO5are availableat:V+, `m!mhttp://www.mozilla.org/,JOThe availableCompaqSecureWebBrowser(CSWB)kitisasorsystemsis generallyviewedas inadequate,thisduetoROthe extensiveuseofanAlpha instructionsubsetthatisfirstAO availablewiththeEV56microprocessor generation.c.99OMozillaisnot availableforOpenVMSVAX./yLOVariousversionsoftheNetscape Navigatorwebbrowserare-ObasedontheMozilla code-base.0! NOSeesectionSection13.85for informationonvarious certificatesKOfortheNetscape NavigatorV3.03webbrowser; certificates)O5thathave presentlyexpired.*0F?H.&fw=O13.11C Obtainingthe DECmigrate(VESTandTIE)R( translator?KOThe DECmigrateimage translationtool,atoolthattrans-GOlatesOpenVMSVAXimagesforuseonOpenVMSAlphaisO^ availableat:zg& P `mEm;http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/products/omsva/omsva.htmlh NDOVESTisthename sometimesgiventothe DECmigrateJO translationtool,whileTIEnamesthe DECmigraterun-timeO5 environment.Ri (OPleaseseeSection7.4 candSection13.13 forrelatedinforma-POtion.+PleaseseethewebsiteforthemostcurrentdetailsonOO5 availabilityandplansandstatusof translationsforOpenVMSOI64 platforms.*iF|?*iF?t*x! AO14.1CWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,'(Alpha,andIA-64?KOIntermsof software,veryfew.+AsofOpenVMSV6.1,thePOVAXandAlpha platformsareverycloseto ``feature parity''.OO^OpenVMSonIA-64isexpectedtohave ``featureparity''withMOOpenVMSAlpha,andisbasedonthesamesourcepool.(MostOO applicationscanjustbe recompiledandrun.&Some differencesOhtobeawareof:y!  `mEmThedefaultdouble-precisionfloatingtypeonOpenVMSIAlphaisVAXG_float,whereasonVAXitisusuallyD_Ofloat.'D_floatis availableonAlpha,butD_floatvaluesareIw convertedtoG_floatfor computationsandthen convertedGbacktoD_floatwhenstored.*BecausetheG_floattypeK(hasthreefewerfractionbitsthanD_float,someapplica-Mtionsmayget differentresults.(IEEEfloattypesarealso( availableonOpenVMSAlpha. `YHYThe preferredfloatingpointformatonAlphaandIA-64isIEEE. `0G0Data alignmentis extremely importantforbestperfor-GmanceonAlpha.)ThismeansthatdataitemsshouldbeK allocatedat addresseswhichareexact multiplesoftheirF:sizes.,Quadword alignmentwillofferthebestperfor-Imance, especiallyfor charactervaluesandthosesmallerGthan32bits., Compilerswill naturallyalign variablesHDwheretheycanandwillissuewarningsiftheydetect! unaligneddataitems. `DHPCistheonlyCcompilerHPoffersonOpenVMSItAlpha,andisadirect descendantofCompaqCandDECBConOpenVMSAlpha.+HPCis compatiblewithDECB%ConOpenVMSVAX,butissomewhat differentfromJ~theolderVAXCcompilermostpeoplearefamiliarwith.:Readuponthe /EXTERN_MODELand /STANDARDH/  qualifierstoavoidthemostcommon problems.)Inaddi-K tontoHPC,thereare open-sourceportssuchasGnuC"  availableforOpenVMS. `_ M_ ThepagesizeonAlphaandIA-64systemsis variable,butQ isatleast8 kilobytes.'Thiscanhavesomeeffectonappli-F cationswhichusethe$CRMPSCsystemserviceaswellHi asonthedisplayof availablememorypages.*Thepage= sizeis availablefrom$GETSYI(SYI$_PAGE_SIZE)..z GOTherearealsoanumberofmanualswhichdiscussmi-HOgrationtoOpenVMSAlpha availableonthe documentationJO5CD-ROMmedia,bothinthemain documentationandinthe+Oarchived documentationsection.{NEOOnmorerecentOpenVMSAlpha versions,OpenVMSAlphaIOhasbeguntoaddfeaturesandsupportnot availableonFO5OpenVMSVAX.Salientnewareasincludethe following:B| `mBm64-bit addressinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater `F Multi-hostSCSIsupport(SCSITCQ)inV6.2andlater `l,lPCIsupport(platform-dependent) `8OpenVMSGalaxysupportinV7.2andlater}YOPleaseseeSection14.4.5+forIntelItanium terminology.*}F?rL+BO14.3CConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?IOUThissectioncontains informationonVAXandAlphacon-OOsoles,anddetailsrelatedtoconsole commands,seriallines,'Oand configuration settings. EO14.3.1CWhatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMg(console?HOInadditiontothenormalBOOTcommandsandsuch(seeOSection14.3.5.1=forsomedetails)andthenormalcontentsofPO=theconsoleHELPtext, operationssuchasI/O redirectionandMOfloppydiskaccessarepossibleattheSRMconsoleprompt:*O?7hOOm1.JFormataFATfloppy,andinsertitintothe AlphaStationfloppydrive.HOE2.JPerformthe followingat AlphaStationSRMConsole:"D>>>%show%*&>%env.dat&D>>>%show%conf&>%conf.dat0DZ>>>%cat&env.dat%>%fat:env.dat/dva02D>>>%cat&conf.dat&>%fat:conf.dat/dva0HO!3.JYoumayusetheSRM``ls''commandtodisplaythe$zcontentsofthefloppy.#D>>>%ls%fat:env.dat/dva0$DG>>>%ls%fat:conf.dat/dva0KO4.JYoucannowtransferthe FAT-formatfloppytoanothersystem.$! using availableAlpha instructionsandusingtheAlphapro-LOcessor,thoughPALcodeoperatesinamodewhich simplifiesLO programming.'PALcodeisalso permittedaccessto processor-POHspecificand otherwiseinternalfeaturesofa particularAlphaHOmicroprocessorimplementation;microprocessor-specificfea-OOtureswhicharenoteasily accessableto operatingsystemorOR applicationcode.g V=DO14.3.3CAlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleseriallineg( information?IOThissectioncontains informationontheAlphaCOMcom-QO municationports,andrelated settings,aswellasontheVAXIO=consolebulkheadandVAXconsoleserialline connection.~ LTUO14.3.3.1BWhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?HO)COM2isnormallyTTA0:.)COM1isnormallyTTB0:)iftheKOAlpha workstationisbootedwiththeSRMconsoleenviron-ROmentvariablesetto graphics,andisOPA0:)iftheconsoleisO3settoserial. SO14.3.3.2BWhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?LO)Justtokeeplife interesting,theMicroVAX3100hassomePO "interesting"consoleports behavioursbasedonthesettingofKOtheBREAKenableswitch.)WhentheconsoleisnotenabledHO3torespondtoBREAK,MMJ-1istheconsoleport.*MMJ-3POwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsoftheselftestinpar-KOallelwithMMJ-1.*WhentheconsoleisenabledtorespondEO<toBREAK,MMJ-3becomestheconsoleport,andMMJ-1UOwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsofselftestinparallelwithOMMJ-3.TO14.3.3.3BHowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?HO)Most VAXstationsystemshavea switch-oftenlabeledS3-OOthatenablesoneoftheseriallinesasthesystemconsole.! NLOVariousmembersoftheDEC3000seriesAlphasystemsalsoSOhaveasimilarly-labledS3switchfor selectionofthe alternateO5console.lOAlsosee}Section14.3.6,Section11.11, andSection14.19.*}F?*F?M*F?:LOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductau-1O thorizationkeys(PAKs),pleasesee@Section5.5.2.*@?LO14.3.3.4BPleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXIIGO)TheMicroVAX-seriesconsolebulkheadwasusedwiththe,OKA630,KA650,KA655 processors./LOTherearethreecontrolsontheconsolebulkheadoftheseOsystems:3aTriangle-in-circle-paddle:&halt%enable.!dot-in-circle:%halt%( w yM break yM )&is&enabled,'and& auto-boot%is% disabled.%Fdot-not-in-circle:&halt%(   MC break xM \zF)%is% disabled,&and& auto-boot%is%enabled.@Three-position-rotary:%power-up% bootstrap& behaviour$Darrow:&normal% operation.)face:%language%inquiry%mode.2 t-in-circle:&infinite& self-test%loop.@=Eight-position-rotary:%console%baud&rate% selectionAselect&the%required%baud&rate;&read%at% power-up. IOThereareseveral different bulkheads involved, includingJOonefortheBA23andBA123 enclosures,andonefortheKO5S-box(BA2xx)series enclosure.)Theconsole bulkheadstyp-LOicallyusedeithertheMMJserialline connection,ortheLOMicroVAXDB9(notthePCDB9pinout),pleaseseethede-PO> scriptionsoftheseinsectionWIRES1.'For available adapters, OseeSection14.28.*Z?}p! FQOAlsopresentontheconsolebulkheadisa self-test indicator:MOa single-digitLEDdisplay.+ThismatchesthefinalpartofLO5the countdown displayedontheconsoleor workstation,andQOcanbeusedbyaservice organizationto determinethenatureJOofa processorproblem.)The particular countdownsequenceKO>variesby processortype,consultthehardwareorowner'sOOmanualforthe processor,orcontactthelocalhardwareser-POvice organizationfor informationthe self-testsequenceforaOOH particular processormodule.)Notethat self-tests2,1and0OOare associatedwiththetransferofcontrolfromtheconsole9Oprogramtothe (booting) operatingsystem.! DO14.3.4CWhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?PO4Alphasystemshaveavarietyof variableswithvaluessetupKOwithintheSRMsystemconsole.'These environment variablesMOcontrolthe particular behaviouroftheconsoleprogramandKO=thesystem hardware,the particularconsole interfacepre-QOsentedtothe operatingsystem,variousdefaultvaluesfortheKO operatingsystem bootstrap,andrelatedcontrol mechanisms-NOGinotherwords,"the environment variablesprovideaneasilyIO extensible mechanismformanagingcomplexconsolestate."/NOThespecific environment variablesdifferbyplatformandbyOOfirmware version-thebaselinesetis establishedbytheAlphaO5 Architecture:GO AUTO_ACTION%("BOOT",%"HALT",& "RESTART",%any&other&valueGOassumed&to&be&HALT),J BOOT_DEV,& BOOTDEF_DEV,% BOOTED_DEV,BOI BOOT_FILE,& BOOTED_FILE,% BOOT_OSFLAGS,&BOOTED_OSFLAGS,FO BOOT_RESET&("ON",%"OFF"),& DUMP_DEV,% ENABLE_AUDIT%("ON",;O"OFF"),&LICENSE,& CHAR_SET,% LANGUAGE,%TTY_DEV.! iCOOpenVMSGalaxyfirmwarecanaddconsole environment involved,andnotdirectly available. >O14.3.5CWhatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?LO4BothVAXandAlphaprimary bootstrapssupportflagvalues;FOa mechanismwhichpermitsthesystemmanagertoper-OOformspecificcustomizationsor site-specific debuggingoftheHO=OpenVMSsystem bootstrap.*Whileverysimilar,thereareIO differencesbetweenVAXandAlphasystemsinthisarea.,  sCO14.3.5.1BWhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues?JO)The followingflagsarepassed(viaregisterR5)totheDOOpenVMSAlphaprimary bootstrapimageAPB.EXE.TheseIOflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofthe bootstrap:O_BOOT&-FL% root,flags bit description= ,---p.----------------------------------------------,/0CONVConversational% bootstrap4/1DEBUGLoad&SYSTEM_DEBUG.EXE%(XDELTA)Y/%2INIBPTStop&at&initial%system& breakpoints&if&bit%1&set% (EXEC_INIT)?/m3DIAG Diagnostic& bootstrap%(loads% diagboot.exe)J/4BOOBPTStop&at& bootstrap% breakpoints%(APB&and%Sysboot)O/5NOHEADERK Secondary% bootstrap&does%not&have%an%image%header*/D6NOTESTInhibit&memory%test=/7SOLICITpPrompt%for& secondary% bootstrap%fileC/8HALTHalt&before%transfer%to% secondary% bootstrap,/9SHADOWBoot&from%shadow&set/d10pISL_dLAD/LAST% bootstrap6/11pPALCHECKDisable%PAL&rev%check%haltH/12p DEBUG_BOOTKTransfer&to& intermediate%primary& bootstrap/<13pCRDFAIL<Mark%CRD%pages%badI/14p ALIGN_FAULTSJReport& unaligned%data&traps&in& bootstrapF/15p REM_DEBUGpAllow&remote% high-level&language&debuggerF/16pDBG_INITEnable%verbose&boot%messages%in% EXEC_INITV/\17p USER_MSGSpEnable%subset%of%verbose%boot&messages&(user& messages)/18pRSM'Boot%is% controlled%by%RSM9/19pFOREIGNBoot%involves%a% "foreign"%diskzPOIfyouwanttosetthebootflags "permanently"usetheSET$O BOOT_FLAGScommand,e.g.%Oa>>>%SET& BOOT_OSFLAGS%0,1@AO14.3.5.2BWhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?JO)The followingflagsarepassed(viaregisterR5)totheBOOpenVMSVAXprimary bootstrapimageVMB.EXE.TheseIOflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofthe bootstrap: A  JOTheexactsyntaxisconsole-specific,recentVAXconsoles(Otendtousethe following:a>>>% BOOT/R5:flagsBitMeaning----------{0 RPB$V_CONV=Conversational%boot.%At%various%points%in%the8 system&boot% procedure,%the% bootstrap&code;Ssolicits% parameter&and%other%input%from&the?console% terminal.KIf&the%DIAG&is&also%on%then<the& diagnostic% supervisor%should%enter%"MENU"?+mode%and%prompt&user%for&the%devices&to&test.1 RPB$V_DEBUG@Debug.KIf%this&flag%is%set,%VMS%maps%the%code=$for&the%XDELTA%debugger%into%the%system&page+ltables&of&the%running&system.2 RPB$V_INIBPT>Initial% breakpoint.%If% RPB$V_DEBUG%is%set,&VMS;eexecutes%a%BPT% instruction% immediately%afterenabling%mapping.3 RPB$V_BBLOCK=^ Secondary&boot%from%the%boot%block.K Secondary@ bootstrap&is&a%single&512-byte&block,%whose%LBN is% specified&in&R4.W4 RPB$V_DIAG< Diagnostic%boot.J Secondary& bootstrap%is%image)called&[SYSMAINT]DIAGBOOT.EXE.P 5 RPB$V_BOOBPT:  Bootstrap& breakpoint.&Stops&the%primary&and4  secondary& bootstraps%with%a& breakpoint/(  instruction%before&testing%memory. 6 RPB$V_HEADER@ Image%header.%Takes%the%transfer%address%of%the9!  secondary& bootstrap%image%from&that%file's9i image%header.JIf% RPB$V_HEADER&is&not%set,;  transfers&control%to%the&first&byte%of%the   secondary&boot%file.b 7 RPB$V_NOTESTA Memory&test%inhibit.%Sets%a&bit%in%the%PFN&bit? map&for%each&page%of%memory&present.KDoes&not: test%the%memory. 8 RPB$V_SOLICT: File%name.%VMB%prompts%for%the&name%of%a%3 secondary& bootstrap%file.9 RPB$V_HALT4Halt%before% transfer.KExecutes%a&HALT4, instruction%before& transferring%control(tto%the& secondary% bootstrap.10 RPB$V_NOPFND=%No%PFN&deletion&(not% implemented;&intended&toDmtell%VMB%not&to&read%a%file&from%the&boot%device=that% identifies&bad%or%reserved%memory%pages,Aso%that%VMB%does%not%mark%these%pages%as%valid Ein%the&PFN%bitmap).11 RPB$V_MPM? Specifies&that% multi-port%memory%is%to%be%used@>for&the%total%EXEC&memory% requirement.KNo&localCmemory&is&to&be&used.KThis&is&for%tightly-coupled?multi-processing.KIf&the%DIAG&is&also%on,&then@the& diagnostic% supervisor%enters% "AUTOTEST"%mode.12 RPB$V_USEMPMC Specifies&that% multi-port%memory%should&be&used%inCaddition%to%local%memory,%as%though%both%were&one"Wsingle&pool%of%pages.13 RPB$V_MEMTESTB Specifies&that%a%more& extensive% algorithm%be%used4Pwhen%testing&main%memory&for%hardware' uncorrectable%(RDS)%errors.14 RPB$V_FINDMEM9IRequests%use&of&MA780&memory%if%MS780%is8 insufficient&for%booting.JUsed%for%11/782installations.B<31:28>% RPB$V_TOPSYS< Specifies&the%top%level% directory&number%for1system&disks&with%multiple%systems.! JO14.3.6CHowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororg( keyboard?POThe AlphaStationserieswillbootwithoutakeyboard attached.SOTouseaserialterminalastheconsole,issuetheSRMconsoleCO=commandSETCONSOLESERIALfollowedbytheconsoleAOINITcommand.,OncethisSRMcommandsequencehasOObeeninvoked,theAlphasystemwillusetheserial terminal.| RKOTheDEC3000serieshasajumperonthe motherboardforNOthispurpose.'VariousolderAlpha workstations generallywillKO5not(automatically) bootstrapwithoutakeyboard connected,NOduetothe self-testfailurethatariseswhenthe (missing) Okeyboardtestfails. A zLOTheusualsettingsfortheconsoleserialterminal(orPCBOterminalemulatoractingasaserialconsoleare:QOa9600&baud,&8%bits,%no%parity,%one%stop%bit%(9600%baud,%8N1).rHEO AlphaServer4100and derivativeseries platforms,andFO AlphaServerGS80,GS160,andGS320seriessystemcon-DO5solesarecapableof57600baud..Seethe COM2_BAUDGOconsole environment variable,andensurethatyouhave2OcurrentSRMfirmwareversionloaded.! NMOThe AlphaStationand AlphaServerseriesusethePCDINse-MOrial connectorforthe"COM1"and"COM2"seriallines,seeO5Section14.27$85fordetailsandpinout.*O?uGOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproduct3O authorizationkeys(PAKs),pleaseseeSection5.5.2.*?BO14.3.7C DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?KO4Thissection discusses downloadingandusingAlphaconsole0O firmware, sometimescalledPALcode.NO14.3.7.1BWherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?KOvFirmwareupdatesforHPAlphasystemsare availablefrom:V  `mEm;ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/index.html `;1ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/ `lFl&CLUE%CONFIGY/OAlsosee}Section 14.3.7.2.*}F? OO14.3.7.2BHowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?DOvSome!of the AlphaStation series!systems!are ``half-JOflash''boxes,meaningonlyonesetoffirmware(SRMorQO' AlphaBIOS)canbeloadedinflashatatime.(GettingbacktoIOtheSRMfirmwarewhen AlphaBIOS(orARC)isloadedcan'Obealittleinteresting... NROThatsaid,thisusuallyinvolves shufflingsomefiles,andthenIOgettingintothe AlphaBIOSfirmwareupdate sequence,and@O5thenentering"updatesrm"attheapu->prompt.NJOToshufflethefiles,copythetargetSRMfirmwarefileJO(as200_v7_0.exeiscurrent)toablank, initialized,FAT-?O5formatfloppyunderthefilenameA:\FWUPDATE.EXE4 DOFromthe AlphaBIOSSetupscreen,selecttheUpgradeHO AlphaBIOSoption.,OncethefirmwareupdateutilitygetsO5going,enter: Apu->&update%srm5#Answer%"y"%to%the&"Are%you& ready...?" Apu->&quit fOOYou'vereloadedtheflash.'Now power-cycletheboxtofinishOtheprocess.Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.3.7.1.*}F? eHO14.3.7.3BHowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?MOvThespecificstepsrequiredvarybysystem.+YoumustfirstIOensurethatthe particularAlphasystemis supportedbyEO'OpenVMS(seetheSPD),thatallcoreI/O componentsOO (graphics,disk controllers,etc)inthesystemare supportedJObyOpenVMS(seetheSPD),andthatyouhaveanOpenVMSPO1 distribution,thatyouhavethe necessarylicensekeys(PAKs),FOandthatyouhavethe necessarySRMfirmwareloaded.EOA typical sequence used for switching over fromtheGO AlphaBIOSgraphicsconsoletotheSRMconsolefollows:[Om1.JPress -` /T kF2 /T `3(mtogettothe AlphaBIOSsetupmenu.0O2.JPickthe"CMOS Setup..."item.Ol3.JPress ,` .T jF6 .T `:(ltogettothe "AdvancedCMOSSetup"menu.FO4.JChangethe"Console Selection"to"OpenVMSConsoleD(SRM)".O5.JPress  T F10 8T  ;, d dT pF10 T d,then  TEnter T "tosaveyourchanges.'OB6.J Power-cyclethesystem.! JOMostAlphasystemssupportloadingboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCMOconsoleandtheSRMconsoleatthesametime,butsystemsKO5suchasthe AlphaStation255are "half-flash"systemsandLOdonotsupportthepresenceofboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCandHOSRMconsolefirmwareatthesametime..IfyouhaveaJO> "half-flash"system,youmustloadtheSRMfirmwarefromJOfloppy,fromanetwork download,orfromafirmwareCD-DOROM. Followingthenormal AlphaBIOSorARCfirmwareLOHupdatesequencetotheAPUprompt,andthen explictlyse-POlectthetargetconsole.)Inotherwords,powerupthesystemMOtothe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole,usethe supplementaryop-SORtionstoselectthe installationofnewfirmware (typicallyfromFOCD-ROM),andthenratherthanusingasequencewhich*Oupdatesthecurrent firmware:Apu->%update/-or-Apu->%update&ARC_Apu->%verifyApu->%quit" Power-cycle%the&system"RNOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)@OSRMfrom AlphaBIOS/ARCona "half-flash"system:aApu->%update&SRMApu->%verifyApu->%quit"9 Power-cycle%the&system[ZNOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)EOthe AlphaBIOS/ARCconsolefromSRMona "half-flash"O5system:!>>>&b%-fl&0,A0%ddcu+ BOOTFILE:&firmware_boot_file.exekApu->%update&ARCApu->%verifyApu->%quit"B Power-cycle%the&systemIOOnceyouhavetheSRMloaded,youcandirectlyinstallDOOpenVMSorTru64UNIXonthesystem..DonotallowKO5WindowsNTtowritea ``harmless'' signaturetoanydiskFOusedbyOpenVMS,Tru64UNIX,orLinux,asthiswillNOclobberakeypartofthedisk.)(OnOpenVMS,youcangen-KO>erallyrecoverfromthis ``harmless''actionbyusingtheO WRITEBOOTtool.)!! 5SOIfyouhavea``full-flash''systemandwanttoselecttheSRMGOconsolefromthe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole environment,HO5selectthe``SwitchtoOpenVMSorTru64UNIX console''KOitemfromthe``setupthesystem''submenu.*Thenpower-ROcyclethesystem.(Ifyouhavea``full-flash''systemwiththeGO>SRMconsoleandwanttoselectAlphaBIOS/ARC,usetheOcommand:>>>%set&os_type%NTR((Oand power-cyclethesystem.<9OFor informationon acquiring firmware,seeSection 14.3.7.1.FOFor informationonOpenVMSlicensePAKs(forhobbyistO5use)see5Section2.7.4.1{5For informationontheMultia,seeOSection14.4.1.*F?*?*OP? WHO InformationonenablingandusingthefailsafefirmwareQOloaderforvarious systems-thistoolis availableonlyonsomeJO5ofthevariousAlpha platforms-is availableinthehard-MOware documentationforthesystem.(Thistoolis used/neededLOwhenthefirmwarehasbeen corrupted,andcannotloadnewO> firmware. *NOThefulllistof AlphaBIOSkeysequences-these sequencesareHOneededwhenusingan LK-serieskeyboardwith AlphaBIOS,8O5as AlphaBIOSexpectsaPC-style keyboard:F1pCtrl/AF2pCtrl/BIF3pCtrl/CF4pCtrl/DF5pCtrl/E!F6pCtrl/FiF7pCtrl/PF8pCtrl/RF9pCtrl/TzAF10pCtrl/U InsertpCtrl/V DeletepCtrl/W BackspacepCtrl/H aEscapepCtrl/[ ReturnpCtrl/MLineFeedpCtrl/J.9(Plus)%+pupselect&(some&systems)1(Minus)%-p downselect%(some%systems)zTABpdown%arrow SHIFT+TABKup&arrow8 .O14.3.8CConsole ManagementOptionsPO4OptionstocollectmultipleconsolesintoasingleserverareLO available,withbothhardwareoptionsandsoftwarepackagesDOthatcanprovideadvancedfeaturesand capabilities.WEOSomeofthe availableconsole managementoptionsforOOpenVMS:^4 `m+mhttp://www.robomon.com/(Heroix) `: http://www.ki.com/products/clim/(KI Products) `l6lhttp://www.globalmt.com/(Global Maintech) `)http://www.tditx.com/(TECsys) `k9k)http://www.cai.com/products/commandit.htm(CA)/JOComputer AssociatesistheownerofwhatwasonceknownGOasthe VAXclusterConsoleSystem(VCS)consolemanage-OO5mentpackage,andhas integratedthis capabilityintotheCA%O managementproductsuite.  sIO14.7CDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction'(subsets??OTheAlpha architectureisupward-and downward-IO compatible,andnewer instructionsareemulatedonolderMO^ platforms,forthosecaseswherethecompileris explicitlyCO requestedtogeneratethenewerAlpha instructions. WNOIn particular,OpenVMSAlphaV7.1andlaterincludethein-LO struction emulation capabilities necessaryforthe executionLO5ofnewerAlpha instructionsonolderAlphamicroprocessors.KO (Instruction emulation capabilitiesare availableforuser-QOmode applicationcode,andarenot availabletodevicedrivers1O>orothersimilar kernel-modecode.)  ~IOAlpha instructionsare availableingroups(or subsets).NO Obviously,thereisthebase instructionsetthatisavail-LO5ableonallAlphamicroprocessors.+Then,the followingarePOthecurrent instruction extensiongroups(orsubsets)thatareKO availableonsomeofvariousrecentAlphamicroprocessors:G p `m&m byte/word extension(BWX):7LDBU,LDWU,SEXTB,SEXTW,STB,andSTW. `E>Efloating-pointandsquareroot extension(FIX):@FTOIS,FTOIT,ITOFF,ITOFS,ITOFT,SQRTF,SQRTG,SQRTS,andSQRTT. `v"vcount extension(CIX):#CTLZ,CTPOP,andCTTZ. `M(M multi-media extension(MVI):5MAXSB8,MAXSW4,MAXUB8,MAXUW4,MINSB8,8MINSW4,MINUB8,MINUW4,PERR,PKLB,PKWB,WUNPKBL,andUNPKBW. IOThetypical instructionsubsetthatprovidesthebiggestFOwin-andofcourse,yourmileagemayvary-is typicallyOO5the instructionsetthatisprovidedbytheEV56andlater;OO specifically,the byte-word instructionsubset.)Toselectthis'Osubset,usethe following:2Ok(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERIC at>OThe /ARCHITECTUREcontrolsthemaximuminstruc-NOtionsubsetthatthecompilerwill generallyuse,whilethe@O5/OPTIMIZE=TUNEcontrolsboththeinstruction-levelMO schedulingandalsothe instructions generatedinsideloops-HOanycode resultingfrom/OPTIMIZE=TUNEthatisspecificOO>toan instructionsubsetwillbe generatedonlyinsideloopsMOandwillalsobe ``protected''byan AMASK-basedtestthatNOpermitsthe executionofthepropercodeforthe particular)OHcurrentAlphamicroprocessor.  ?O Typically/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERICisthe appropri-JOatechoicefortuning,andthe /ARCHITECTUREselectstheKO5minimumtarget architectureforgeneraluse throughouttheO generatedcode.<! IO generatedforlater architecturesand instructionsubsetsQOwillrunonolderAlphasystemsduetothe emulation,butifKO5 /ARCHITECTUREisa significantbenefit,thenthe emulation-Omightbea performancepenalty.! lMOPleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizardareaforthesourcePOcodeofa(non-privileged)toolthatlooksatthe instructionNO5subsets availableonthe particularAlphamicroprocessorthatUOthetoolisrunon.'Thistool demonstratestheuseoftheAlpha,OAMASKandIMPLVER instructions.OPleaseseeSection10.22 andeSection14.10Ufor additional0Odetailsandrelatedconsiderations.*F?*eF?{! 2GO14.8CWhatistheAccuracyoftheAlphaTimeofYear'( (BB_WATCH)Clock?HOThe specificationformaximumclockdriftintheAlphaTOhardwareclockis50partspermillion(ppm),thatislessthanLO^ 0.000050secondsofdriftpersecond,lessthan 0.000050VOdaysofdriftperday,orlessthan 0.000050yearsofdriftperROyear,etc.'(eg:(Anerrorofonesecondoveraday-longinter-3Ohvalisroughly11ppm,or 1000000/(24 t* h60 t*,h60).))PutanotherQOway,thisis.005%,whichisaround130secondspermonthor!O26minutesperyear.uHOThesoftware-maintainedsystemtimecandriftmorethanNOthis, primarilyduetoothersystem activity.*TypicalcausesKO5ofdriftinclude extensivehigh-IPLcode(softmemoryer-ROrors,heavyactivityatdeviceIPLs,etc)thatarecausingtheBO processingoftheclock interruptstobeblocked.mCOAlsosee}Section14.15,vSection4.3.*}F?+*vF|?5(  1O15.3COpenVMSandDECnet Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandODECnet networking.` `66O15.3.1CCan DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?IO4Yes.+To configure DECnet-PlustooperateoverIPtrans-KOportandoverIPbackbone networks,installand configureFO DECnet-Plus,andinstalland configurethePWIPmech-HO=anism availablewithinthecurrently-installedIPstack.HOWithinTCP/IP Services,thisisa PWIPDRIVER configura-LOtionoptionwithinthe UCX$CONFIG (versionspriortoV5.0)JOGor TCPIP$CONFIG(withV5.0andlater) configurationtool.*DO15.3.2CWhatdoes"failureonback translateaddressg(request"mean?OTheerrormessage:KO BCKTRNSFAIL,%failure%on%the%back% translate%address%request! WLO indicatesthatthe destinationnodeisrunning DECnet-Plus,GOandthatitsnamingservice (DECnet-PlusDECdns,LOCALMO5node database,etc)cannotlocateanameto associatewithLOthesourcenode'saddress.+Inotherwords,the destinationQOnodecannot determinethenodenameforthenodethatisthe0O>sourceoftheincoming connection.">OUsetheDECNET_REGISTER mechanism(onthedes-KOtinationnode)toregisterormodifythename(s)andtheMO5 address(es)ofthesourcenode.(Checkthe namespaceonthe"Osourcenode,aswell.g }=LO Typically,thenodesinvolvedareusingaLOCAL namespace,JOandthenodenameandaddresssettingsarenotcoherentOO5acrossallnodes.+AlsochecktomakesurethatthenodeisMOenteredintoitsownLOCAL namespace.'Thiscanbeaprob-MOlem elsewhere,however.'Veryrarely,acache corruptionhasPO>beenknowntocausethiserror.)Toflushthecache,usetheOcommand: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL `m<mDECdns:' DECnet-Plus distributedname services. `H LocalFile:'alocalfile containingnamesand addresses. `lDl DNS/BIND:theTCP/IP distributednameservicesmech-anism. `D:DTheTCP/IPServices(UCX)localhostfile. MOOfthese, searchingDNS/BINDand LocalFile, respectively,is7Ooftenthemost appropriateconfiguration.=O15.3.3C PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?>O4First,issuetheNCLcommandSHOWMOPCIRCUIT 8?* O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLOSHOW&MOP%CIRCUIT&*( LOAssumethatyouhaveacircuitknownasFDDI-0 displayed.HOHereisanexampleoftheSETHOST/MOPcommandsyntax'O5utilizedforthiscircuit:CO$&SET%1HOST/MOP/ADDRESS=08-00-2B-2C-5A-23/CIRCUIT=FDDI-0W-OAlsosee}Section15.6.3.*}F? Zbbm(Fxp>j hkUykFm o IplPu8^uKrwum"Vr fTk 2M:B:&8 %$_bP4J6N*'Vy$,80$ NhV "<,5$wq #*H]..1 7+Mx T Wn[ a"ko uxRr,[ &$x '@(tGQ2g <lK g>0^J2_6^3jd h   :VJW<2 "%l ?dM$*+@D 9F\XItPqWZI,UL_tCM*~NxR$TUzE`W^d0_kh nr& y{}I~NdH] |4 V d T  Q4m8tT)G pqO n > |# G. hrOG(B -" %V-,{12& 8& =*??> E G MlnO QU^ dnei^kr#   t}L0("D9Hi