z  ,The OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)ZhlʣVMSFAQ m Contents  Tables Index$B*|DECdocument V3.3h}/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page1xE\PrefacePrefacew)66E\OpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) @g$K1 Introduction1 Introduction$w0J $K1.1=&KWhatcoreOpenVMSURLsdoyouneedtoknow?1.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know?%w,C $K1.26&KWhataretheOpenVMSUsenet Newsgroups?1.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?'l6GG$A1.2.1Whatisthescopeofthe comp.os.vms newsgroup?1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?(l5CC$A1.2.2What newsgroupscarry VMS-related information?1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?)l-;;$A1.2.3What newsgrouparchivesare available?1.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?.yl)88$A1.2.4WhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?1\<NN$A1.2.4.1HowdoI subscribetoor unsubscribefrom INFO-VAX?1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?4`w. $K1.3!&KWhatis [n]etiquette?1.3 What is [n]etiquette?:w.E $K1.48&KWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?1.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?Cw-C $K1.56&KOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?1.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?Jl6EE$@1.5.1 CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?KYl&&$A1.5.2OpenVMS Ambassadors?1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?Nl:JJ$A1.5.3ContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand Questions?1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?Ql1@@$A1.5.4ContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?1.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?ROg!!$K2General Information2 General InformationUw*B $K2.15&KWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?2.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?Vw4M $K2.2@&KWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?gw0H $L2.3;&LWhat'sinaName?' Terminologyand Products?2.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?j{l)::$A2.3.1HowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?2.3.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?o{w&= $K2.40&KWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?pw6O $K2.5B&KIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?rw2I $K2.6<&KWhatOpenVMS distributionkitsare available?2.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?v=WH$@2.6.1WherecanIdownloadOpenVMSandLayeredProductpKits?2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?w)@ $L2.73&LInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?w0F $K2.89&K Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licenses?2.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?l5DD$A2.8.1 QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?l-;;$A2.8.2OpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?2.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?C\H$A2.8.3What developerandpartner licensingprogramsarep available?2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?l6HH$@2.8.4HowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?w3K $K2.9>&KDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?2.9 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?Eh$K2.10=&KOpenVMSPorts?'Itanium?'PortstoIA-32,EM64T&orAMD64systems?2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?7V$L2.116&LArethereanynetwork-accessibleOpenVMS&systems?2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?w(@$K2.122&KWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?w(?$K2.131&KHowcanIsubmitOpenVMS Freeware?2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?yw&;$K2.14-&KPorting applicationstoOpenVMS?2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?Bc$K2.15@&KWhat resourcesare availabletoOpenVMSsoftware& developers?2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?Ff$F2.164&Fmemory management,resource management,$&process scheduling,etc?2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?og!6$L2.17(&LBasicUnitsof Measurement?2.17 Basic Units of Measurement?l+<<$A2.17.1Howmanybytesareinadiskblock?2.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?l,==$A2.17.2Howmanybytesareinamemorypage?2.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?g6II$A2.17.3HowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?'KB,MB,GB,TB?2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?Bg$K3 Documentation3 Documentation7Y $K3.1:&KWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMS&manuals?3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?g8P $K3.2C&KWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?3.2 What online information and websites are available?w3I $K3.3<&KOpenVMSProduct Information TelephoneNumbers?3.3 OpenVMS Product Information Telephone Numbers?Bi $L3.4G&LHowdoIextractthecontentsofaHELPtopictoa&textfile?3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?w3K $L3.5>&LDoesOpenVMS Marketinghaveane-mailaddress?3.5 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address?9Z $K3.69&KWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive& internals?3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals? Ac $K3.7D&KWherecannewusersfindtutorial informationabout&OpenVMS?3.7 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS? U\$$$@3.7.1Tutorial Websites?3.7.1 Tutorial Websites?Z\''$@3.7.2Booksand Tutorials?3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?w.E $L3.88&LWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsare available?3.8 What OpenVMS mailing lists are available?:] $L3.9@&LWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheard&about?3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?=]$K3.107&KAccesstotheOpenVMSNetscape Navigator&documentation?3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?"=`$K3.11@&KWherecanIfindthelatestCrun-timelibrary&manuals?3.11 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?&Rw##$K4Timeand Timekeeping4 Time and Timekeeping)w4L $K4.1?&KAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?*l2AA$A4.1.1DetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?4.1.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?4l-::$A4.1.1.1VAXhardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...5K\$A 4.1.1.1.1TOYclock4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock6Tg##$A 4.1.1.1.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.1.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME7Vg$$$A 4.1.1.1.3EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.1.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASE8Ng  $A 4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR9l/<<$@4.1.1.2Alphahardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...?l/<<$@ 4.1.1.2.1Battery-BackedWatch (BB_WATCH)Chip4.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip@Tg##$A 4.1.1.2.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.1.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIMEA`g))$A 4.1.1.2.3EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCKBl;PP$A4.1.1.3WhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?Fl1AA$A4.1.2HowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?4.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?Iw2I $K4.2<&KKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?4.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?Ql0AA$@4.2.1Whydomyclusterbatchjobsstartearly?4.2.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?Zl-==$A4.2.2WhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?4.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?]l/??$A4.2.3 Resettingthesystemtimeintothepast?4.2.3 Resetting the system time into the past?bl/@@$A4.2.4HowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?4.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?fB^K$A4.2.5HowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatimep provider?4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?k@` $K4.37&KManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,and&DaylightSavings?4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?xl3CC$@4.3.1Howto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?4.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?l/==$A4.3.2 CustomizingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?4.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?<_ $K4.49&KWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?*Help&managingDTSS?4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?<] $K4.5>&KSettingtimeon AlphaServerES47,ES80,GS1280&console?4.5 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console??c $L4.6<&LUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatare&these acronyms?4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?dw ,,$K5System Management Information5 System Management Informationnw 6 $K5.1)&KWhatisan installedimage?5.1 What is an installed image?w-E $K5.28&KArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?5.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?w-C $K5.36&KSourcesofOpenVMSsecurity information?5.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?w.H $K5.4;&KHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?5.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?g1L $L5.5?&LHowdoIextractthecontentsofaPCSIkit?5.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?w/D $K5.67&K Emergency(Conversational)SystemStartup?5.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?l:MM$A5.6.1I've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanIdo?5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?l8KK$@5.6.2Myproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?8\ $K5.7>&KHowdoIchangethenodenameofanOpenVMS&System?5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?9\ $K5.8?&KWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust&added?5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added?w9U $L5.9H&LHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?w1I$K5.10;&KWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths?5.10 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?l/>>$A5.10.1OpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)Paths5.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths gl!..$@5.10.2OpenVMSI64UpgradePaths5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Pathsxl)77$A5.10.3OpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePaths5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Pathsl-;;$@5.10.4OpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePaths5.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Pathsl7FF$@5.10.5OpenVMSProductVersionandSupport Information5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Informationl1@@$@5.10.6OpenVMSAlphaandI64Upgrade Terminology5.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology%Gl$L5.11B&LWhydoIhaveanegativenumberinthepagefile& reservablepages?5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?+Ad$L5.12D&LDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating&OpenVMS?5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?2w1L$K5.13>&KHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?5.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?8w*C$K5.145&KHowcanIsetupashared directory?5.14 How can I set up a shared directory??w6R$K5.15D&KWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?H<\$K5.168&KDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics& Controllers?5.16 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers?Mcl,,$A5.16.1TheELSAGLoriaSynergy5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria SynergyNqg&33$A5.16.2 PowerStorm300, PowerStorm3505.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350Yug(55$A5.16.3 PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D205.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20`I\$A5.16.4Radeon75005.16.4 Radeon 7500c9[$K5.17>&KHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and&ECOs?5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?ew/H$K5.18:&KHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?5.18 How do I move the queue manager database?rAb$L5.19B&LHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)&process?5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?ur(@$L5.202&LHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?{?c$L5.21?&LHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports& compression?5.21 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?=a$L5.22C&LCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To&Alpha?5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?w/G$K5.239&KHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?5.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?9]$K5.24@&KDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)&tool?5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?w4L$K5.25>&K INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?g-E$K5.267&KHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?5.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?Gl$L5.27?&LHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom& initiatingalogin?5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?w4M$L5.28?&LHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?>a$K5.29?&KHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is& installed?5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?9Z$K5.30:&KWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor&OpenVMS?5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS?9Z$K5.31:&KWhat(andwhere)istheOpenVMS Management&Station?5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?w8P$K5.32B&KHowto determinecurrentdisk fragmentationlevel?5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>\$L5.333&LSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate&SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?Di$L5.34D&LHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora&newprinter?5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?Be$Q5.35/&QWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOW(&DEVICEmountcountsdiffer?5.35 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?w6N$K5.36@&KWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?w7Q$K5.37C&KHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?>]$K5.386&K SYSINIT-E,errormountingsystemdevice,&status=0072832C5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832Cww%:$K5.39,&K ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?w*@$K5.402&KChangingtheOpenVMSVersionNumber?5.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?;\$L5.41:&LHowtopreventusersfromchoosingobvious& passwords?5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?w5N$L5.42@&LPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?5.42 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?l.;;$A5.42.1Whyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?5.42.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?@[J$A5.42.1.1WhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?l4EE$@5.42.1.2CanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?5.42.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?l4EE$@5.42.2WhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?l.>>$A5.42.3WhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?5.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?l.??$A5.42.4HowdoIfixacorruptBACKUPsaveset?5.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?l9MM$A5.42.5HowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremotetape?5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape? l3DD$A5.42.6HowtoperformaDoDsecuritydiskerasure?5.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?\/>>$@5.42.7Howtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?5.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?l1??$@5.42.7.1Volume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?5.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?Nl  $@ 5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?$Pl!!$A 5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?&w1H$K5.43:&KPleaseexplain DELETE/ERASEandFileLocks?5.43 Please explain DELETE/ERASE and File Locks?(Pg""$K6 InformationonMail6 Information on Mail)Fm $K6.1F&KMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.&WhatdoIdo?6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?*g3N $K6.2A&KHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?6.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?.w*C $K6.36&KHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?6.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?5Zg''$K7 Informationon Utilities7 Information on Utilities8w1L $K7.1?&KHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?7.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?9Bf $L7.2A&LHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydisk&fromOpenVMS?7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?=In $K7.3?&KHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"&DECsounddoesn'twork.7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.Dw0H $K7.4;&KWhyis DECmigratenotworkingwithFortran?7.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?Iw/I $K7.5<&KHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?7.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?Lw,E $K7.68&KHowcanIpatchanOpenVMSAlphaimage?7.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?S?g$K8DCLDetails8 DCL DetailsVw+D $L8.17&LHowdoIrunaprogramwith arguments?8.1 How do I run a program with arguments?Wg'@ $K8.23&KHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?b8X $K8.3:&KUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole&OPCOMs?8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?dw.H $K8.4;&KHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?8.4 How do I generate a random number in DCL?gsg"9 $K8.5,&KWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?8.5 What does the MCR command do?hw/H $K8.6;&KHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?8.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?k9Z $L8.7?&LCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith&DCL?8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?qw3N $K8.8A&KHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?8.8 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?vw,E $L8.98&LHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?8.9 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?w5U$L8.107&LUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical&names?8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?xw6P$K8.11B&KHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?~2g$K9Files9 Filesmg6 $K9.1)&KHowcanIundeleteafile?9.1 How can I undelete a file??b $K9.2<&KWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswer&than DIR/SIZE?9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE??e $L9.3I&LHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento&disk?9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?@b $L9.4?&LWhatarethelimitsonfilespecificationsand& directories?9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?=` $K9.5B&KWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan&access?9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?Bg $K9.6D&KWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord&sizelimit?9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?:] $K9.7>&KHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon&OpenVMS?9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?vl(66$@9.7.1CDandDVD notation, terminology?9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology??YH$A9.7.2UseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)CDpdrives?9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?B\F$A9.7.3CreatingBootableOpenVMSI64CDorDVDMedia?p SYS$SETBOOT?9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?w4M $K9.8@&KWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?9\ $K9.9?&KCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase&files?9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??d$K9.10A&KIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI&usingXFC?9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?w4K$K9.11=&KRMS SequentialFilesandPlatform Portability?9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?jw#//$K10OpenVMS Programming Information10 OpenVMS Programming Information?_$K10.1@&KModular Programming,FacilityPrefixesandSymbol&Naming?10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?w5O$L10.2A&LCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?w7R$L10.3D&LHowdoIgetthe argumentsfromthecommandline?10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?;_$K10.4>&KHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina& variable?10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?Be$Q10.5?&QHowdoIlinkagainstSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STBonan&Alphasystem?10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?6Z$K10.6:&KHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsidea&program?10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?Fl$K10.78&KHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa&& shareableimageonAlpha?10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?:]$L10.8@&LHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating&data?10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?;_$L10.9?&LHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran&routine?10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?>b$K10.10@&KHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensing& purposes?10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?>`$K10.11A&KWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSS&image?10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image? w.I$K10.12:&KHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?10.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?ew1$K10.13"&KWhatisa descriptor?10.13 What is a descriptor?w8R$L10.14C&LHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanother username?10.14 How do I create a process under another username?Cd$Q10.15A&QWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetached& processes?10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?!Hl$K10.16A&KWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesand& supportingfiles?10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?&w/I$L10.17:&LHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?10.17 How can I open a file for shared access?.=_$K10.18<&KHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,& constants?10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?3Be$K10.19@&KHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfroman& application?10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?4lw 4$K10.20%&KDealingwith Endian-ness?10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?5g-C$K10.214&KHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?10.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?8;\$K10.224&KHPCandotherOpenVMSC Programming&Considerations?10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?;a\++$A10.22.1gOthercommonCissues10.22.1 Other common C issuesQe\ --$A10.22.2gOthercommonC++issues10.22.2 Other common C++ issuesYw2J$K10.23;&KStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?10.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?kw6N$K10.24?&KChoosingaVersionNumberfor ApplicationCode?10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?mw*@$K10.251&K SelectingaProcessDump Directory?10.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?rsg#8$K10.26)&KAccesstoItanium Assembler?10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?u>g$L11 DECwindows11 DECwindowsxDh$K11.1D&KHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy& workstation?11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstDLT LTation?yw7Q$K11.2C&KHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?Di$K11.38&KHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOW#&DISPLAYintoasymbol?11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?w.I$K11.4;&KHowdoIgetalogofaDECtermsession?11.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?w+B$K11.54&KWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?11.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?g1L$K11.6>&KHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?11.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?@b$K11.7C&KHowdoI customize DECwindows, includingthelogin&screen?11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?l1@@$A11.7.1HowdoI customize DECwindows keymapping?11.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?C^K$A11.7.2WhydoestheDELETEkeydeleteforwardinsteadofp backward?11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?w3K$K11.8=&KWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?11.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?@c$K11.98&KWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovethe& DECwindowscursor?11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?w1I$K11.10:&KWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?11.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?Ab$K11.118&K%DECW-W-NODEVICE,Nographicsdevicefound&onthissystem?11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?w/H$L11.129&LHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?11.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?w3L$K11.13=&KHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?11.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?7X$K11.146&KHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP& Transport11.14 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transport>r$K11.15'&KCanIuse DECwindows1.2- /W*oKonOpenVMSV7.3-2&orlater?11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?g(?$K11.160&KHowtoaddFontsinto DECwindows?11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?]g(($K12 Miscellaneous Information12 Miscellaneous InformationCf$L12.1D&LWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol& sequences?12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?<^$L12.2A&LDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel&port?12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?w7S$K12.3E&KHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?z|&<$Q12.4.&QSowhathappenedto sys$cmsuper?12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper? w+B$K12.54&K CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?12.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF? aw++$K13FindingandusingSoftware13 Finding and using Software?_$K13.1?&KWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor&OpenVMS?13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?w.G$K13.29&KWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?13.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?@XE$A13.2.1POSIX-compliantversionsofPOSIXroutinesandp utilities13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiespl%33$A13.2.2Csystemandlibraryroutines13.2.2 C system and library routinesv\(66$A13.2.3XWindows utilitiesandroutines13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routinesl/>>$A13.2.4TCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?13.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?Y\''$@13.2.5Thevitexteditor13.2.5 The vi text editorV\%%$@13.2.6VariousGNUtools13.2.6 Various GNU toolsOl!!$A13.2.6.1GCCcompiler13.2.6.1 GCC compilerw,E$L13.37&LWhatisthestatusofPL/IonOpenVMS?13.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?w.G$K13.49&KWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?13.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?~w'?$K13.51&KWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?w-E$K13.67&K ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?13.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?w9U$K13.7G&KHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?g3N$L13.8@&LHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?13.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?>`$L13.9>&LWherecanIgetnew certificatesforNetscape& Navigator?13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?w0G$L13.108&LWhydoesn'tDCLsymbol substitutionwork?13.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?w(@$L13.111&LWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?Ce$K13.12A&K Obtainingthe DECmigrate(AESTorVEST,andTIE)& translator?13.12 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?w<V$K13.13G&KWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?g,B$K13.143&KAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?13.14 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?Sg##$K14Hardware Information14 Hardware InformationCf$L14.1;&LWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,&Alpha,andIA-64?14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?Bc$L14.2=&LSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and&VAX)systems?14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?r3J$K14.3<&KConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?14.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?l=OO$A14.3.1Whatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMconsole?14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console? \,<<$@14.3.2WhatdoesSRMmean?'WhatisPALcode?14.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?"l@RR$@14.3.3AlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleserialline information?14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?$B]M$A14.3.3.1WhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?%l@SS$A14.3.3.2WhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?)l@TT$A14.3.3.3HowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?*l:LL$A14.3.3.4PleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXII14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II0l5DD$@14.3.4WhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?4l.>>$@14.3.5Whatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?14.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?8l0AA$@14.3.5.1WhataretheI64IPBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?9l2CC$@14.3.5.2WhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?;l0AA$@14.3.5.3WhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?=B]J$A14.3.6HowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororp keyboard?14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard??l3BB$A14.3.7 DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?14.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?FE`N$A14.3.7.1WherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?GD`O$@14.3.7.2HowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?PA[H$@14.3.7.3HowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?Vhl"..$@14.3.8Console ManagementOptions14.3.8 Console Management Optionscxl(88$A14.3.9WhydomyEFIBootAliasesFail?14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail?gl4CC$A14.3.10g DownloadingandusingEFIConsole Firmware?14.3.10 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?iw-D$K14.46&KWhat platformswillOpenVMSoperateon?14.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?m]l))$@14.4.1ontheAlphaMultia?14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?vvl(66$@14.4.2onAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?vl(66$@14.4.2.1ontheNoNameAXPpci33system?14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?dl--$A14.4.3ontheAlphaXLseries?14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?>XG$A14.4.4OpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aupseries?14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?l<LL$A14.4.4.1OpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?l?OO$@14.4.4.2OpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?l,;;$A14.4.5OntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?14.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?l4DD$@14.4.5.1WherecanIgetIntelItanium information?14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information??b$K14.5B&KWhatistheleast expensivesystemthatwillrun&OpenVMS?14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?8Z$K14.6:&KWherecanIgetmore informationonAlpha&systems?14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?Cc$L14.7C&LDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction&subsets?14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?Fk$L14.8A&LWhatistheAccuracyoftheAlphaTimeofYear& (BB_WATCH)Clock?14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?w/J$K14.9<&KSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?14.9 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?iw3$K14.10$&KWhatisbyte swizzling?14.10 What is byte swizzling?w;V$K14.11G&KWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?w4N$K14.12?&KWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems?14.12 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?>a$L14.13@&LWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAX&systems?14.13 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?Gk$L14.14A&LWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXand& VAXstation3100?14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?@e$K14.15?&KWhatistheAccuracyofVAXtheTimeofYear&(TOY)Clock?14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?w.F$K14.167&KWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?14.16 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?Ac$K14.17>&KWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupport& information?14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?De$K14.18A&KWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupport& assistance?14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?Gk$L14.19@&LWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cyclethe&console terminal?14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?>b$L14.20F&LCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswitha &PC?14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?@a$L14.21=&LWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphics& controller?14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?w7P$L14.22A&LWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware? :Z$K14.236&KWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedly& autorepeat?14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?Hn$K14.24@&KProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesor&somekeysaredead14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are dead<]$K14.25<&KWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMS&version?14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?A^$K14.26=&K Third-party"disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgetson&OpenVMS?14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?l1@@$A14.26.1gListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?14.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?(=VG$A14.26.2gArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVDUltra2pSCSI?14.26.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?+l-;;$A14.26.3g ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?14.26.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?,w-C$K14.274&KLookingfor connectorwiring pin-outs?14.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?-w9Q$K14.28B&KWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?5g1K$K14.29<&KWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?14.29 What is flow control and how does it work?@zw&<$L14.30-&LCDandDVDdevice requirements?14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?Hvg(66$L15 InformationonNetworksandClusters15 Information on Networks and ClustersRw(@$K15.12&KHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?Smw 5$K15.2'&KOpenVMSandIP Networking?15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?Vl/??$@15.2.1HowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?15.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?Wnl$22$@15.2.2 ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?Yl9KK$@15.2.3HowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?a>[I$@15.2.4HowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayonpOpenVMS?15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?il;NN$A15.2.5HowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?k@]M$A15.2.6Whycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttoOpenVMSpAlpha?15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?muw$9$K15.3+&KOpenVMSandDECnet Networking?15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?ovl(66$A15.3.1Can DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?pC]N$@15.3.2Whatdoes"failureonback translateaddressrequest"pmean?15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?ql/==$@15.3.3 PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?15.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?xg4L$L15.4>&LHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?{@[H$A15.4.1HowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorp counters?15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?\4GG$A15.4.2HowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:]$K15.5>&KHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS&system?15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?w*?$K15.61&KOpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?15.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?l8FF$@15.6.1OpenVMSClusterCommunicationsProtocolDetails?15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?l5EE$@15.6.1.1OpenVMSCluster(SCS)overDECnet?'OverIP?15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?l:JJ$A15.6.1.2 ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?cl ++$A 15.6.1.2.1Cluster Terminology?15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?z\+77$A 15.6.1.2.2ClusterCommunicationsControl?15.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?\?NN$A 15.6.1.2.3ClusterCommunicationsControlToolsand Utilities?15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?yl*77$A15.6.2ClusterSystem Parameter Settings?15.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?GbM$@15.6.2.1WhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?l;KK$@15.6.2.2Explaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?D]N$@ 15.6.2.2.1Howto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathSCSI?15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?\3DD$A15.6.3TellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC15.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSCl.@@$A15.6.4HowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)15.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)@ZD$A15.6.5WherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)p information?15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information?l.??$@15.6.6HowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?15.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?ml$11$@15.6.7DetailsonVolume Shadowing?15.6.7 Details on Volume Shadowing?F_M$@15.6.7.1Doesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?u+gTABLESTABLESH\=A1-1CoreWebsites1- 1 Core Websites&`l**=A2-1OpenVMSAlphaMediaKits2- 1 OpenVMS Alpha Media Kits{bl++=@2-2OpenVMSI64OrderNumbers2- 2 OpenVMS I64 Order Numbers}`l**=@2-3OpenVMSI64MediaSuffix2- 3 OpenVMS I64 Media Suffixhl"..=@2-4OpenVMSSourceListingsKits2- 4 OpenVMS Source Listings Kitsvl)55=A2-5OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb2- 5 OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-ThumbNl  =@3-1OpenVMSWebsites3- 1 OpenVMS WebsitesPl!!=A3-2 TelephoneNumbers3- 2 Telephone Numbersal**=A3-3OpenVMSTutorialWebsites3- 3 OpenVMS Tutorial Websites>\=A3-4DPBooks3- 4 DP BooksYl&&=A3-5OpenVMSMailingLists3- 5 OpenVMS Mailing Listsfl!--=@11-1XWindowsDisplayCommands11- 1 X Windows Display Commands| *kSA)OTheOpenVMS FrequentlyAskedO:Questions(FAQ)OABSTRACTQOJThisdocumentcontainsanswerstomanycommon questionsontheJOOpenVMS operatingsystem,andcoversOpenVMS,andOpenVMStextFAQformat.f! <BOTheOpenVMSFAQis maintainedin DECdocumentSDMLGOformatandallFAQ maintenanceandtheprimaryoutputJO5fileformat conversionsare performedonOpenVMSsystems.KOFor informationonthe DECdocumentproduct,pleasecontactOTouch Technologies.I / )andyourresponsibility. LOThoughtheeditorofthisFAQisanemployeeofHewlett-GOPackardCompany(HP),thispostingandthe informationQO5 containedwithinthisFAQareisnotanofficial statementofKOHP,nora commitmentbyHP.All information,commentsorNOopinions included,citedor otherwise referencedheremayorUO>maynotreflectthestatedopinionsofHP,oftheeditor,orofOanyotherentity. VFOAll trademarks, registered trademarks, servicemarksandHO registered servicemarksusedor referencedherearetheKO5 propertiesoftheir respectiveowner(s)orholders.,PleasePOrouteany corrections,requestsorrelatedupdatestotheFAQ-OEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com) NGOTheredistribution, repostingand/orthe web-servingofGOcompleteand unalteredcopiesofthisFAQdocumentisAO5 permitted.'Otherusesonlywithprior permission.d!::OThemastercopyofthisFAQispostedat_"5 `m*m http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/faq:#HO TranslationsofthisFAQintovarious languagesmaybeNO available,pleasecontactthe maintainer(s)ofany translatedMO5documentfor assistanceorfeedback involvingthe particular-O translatededitionofthisFAQ.& %OTable1-1:7CoreWebsites O  OFURLFContents Ob SCoreOpenVMS Information, includingroadmapsandrelease schedules'O$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/=OpenVMSandCoreLayeredProduct Documentation+O!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/ICoreOpenVMSSupportSearchEngineURLs,FTPPatchAreaIOhttp://askq.compaq.com/(NaturalLanguageSearch Assistant)!Oxhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/0O&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/ TheOpenVMSFreeware0O_&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/2STheOpenVMSHobbyistLicenseProgram)Ohttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/ O ^D$%O 1.2 IntroductionK%BO1.1BWhatcoreOpenVMSURLsdoyouneedtoknow?IOUIfyouhavenootherOpenVMSURLs bookmarked,youwill=OwanttobefamiliarwiththeURLslistedinxTable1-1:*%xpa?&i'Vj;O1.2BWhataretheOpenVMSUsenet Newsgroups?GO(Thereareahugenumberof newsgroups available,someMOofwhichdiscusstopicsofinteresttofolksusingOpenVMSFO operatingsystem.,Keyamongthesearethe comp.os.vms&O1 newsgroupandthevmsnet. -=*$l1 heirarchyof newsgroups.}(SGO1.2.1BWhatisthescopeofthe comp.os.vms newsgroup?BO4The comp.os.vms newsgroupistheprimary newsgroupGOfor discussionoftheHPOpenVMS operatingsystemandHOthecomputersystemsonwhichitruns., QuestionsaboutIO=layeredproductswhichrunonOpenVMSarealsowelcome,GOthoughmanyofthem(in particular,language compilersHOanddatabasesystems)havemorespecific newsgroups.,IfMOGaquestionhassome relationshiptoOpenVMS,itbelongsinO comp.os.vms.g)V=CO1.2.2BWhat newsgroupscarry VMS-related information?O4Thevmsnet. ?*5P4 hierarchyisoperatedbythe EncompassDOusersgroup (formerlyknownasDECUS),andcontainsIOvarious newsgroupsof interest, including vmsnet.miscandO= vmsnet.alpha.*)`GOSprechenSieDeutsch?,BesuchenSiebitteden newsgroupOde.comp.os.vms.+! WLOThe comp.sys.dec newsgroupcarriesgeneral discussionsaboutKOvariousHPcomputersystems,and specificallysystemsthatMO5wereacquiredbyHPaspartofthe acquisitionofCompaq,EOsystemswhichhad previouslybeenacquiredbyCompaqMOaspartofthe acquisitionofDigital Equipment CorporationO> (DIGITAL).,HOAlsoofinterestare resourcesand conferencingsystemsEO including Encompasserve (formerlyknownas DECUServe),?O5KenFarmer's OpenVMS.Orgforums,andtheCompaq OWorkingGroupfolks:- `m$mtelnet://eisner.decus.org/ `!http://www.openvms.org/ `l,l"http://www.compaqworkinggroup.org/. ;O1.2.3BWhat newsgrouparchivesare available?GO4 ExtensivearchivesofINFO-VAXmailingsand comp.os.vmsVOpostingsarearchivedand availableatSRI:ftp://crvax.sri.com/info-Ovax/.t/JJOGooglealsohas extensive newsgrouparchives availableatU0+ `m mhttp://www.google.com/1 8O1.2.4BWhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?DO4INFO-VAX isamailinglistwhichisbidirectionallyBO gatewayedtothe comp.os.vms newsgroup..ThismeansNOthatpostingsto comp.os.vmsget automaticallysenttoINFO-HO=VAX subscribersandmessagessenttotheINFO-VAXlistEOare automaticallypostedto comp.os.vms.+INFO-VAXcanQObeausefulwayto participateinthe newsgroupifyoucan'tIOGaccessthe newsgroupdirectlythrougha newsreader.)NoteKOthatINFO-VAXisaclosedmailinglist,whichmeansthatthatpeoplecanhelpyouwithyour question.) `MIf respondingtoaposting,includeinyourreplyonlyasLhmuchoftheoriginalpostingasis necessaryto establishKcontext.*Asa guideline,considerthatifyou'veincludedF moretextthanyou'veadded,you'vepossiblyincludedHq toomuch.'Neverinclude signaturesandother irrelevant  material. `I NI Pleasebepolite.(Ifthequestionisn'twordedthewayyouI thinkiscorrectordoesn'tincludethe informationyouL want,trytoimaginewhattheproblemmightbeifviewedFS fromtheposter's perspective.,Requestsfor additionalH detailed informationareoftenbettersentthroughmail3 ratherthanpostedtothe newsgroup. ` I IfyouhaveaproblemwithHP(oranyother vendor's)H product,pleaseusethe appropriatesupportchannel.)DoL4 notassumethat newsgrouppostingswillgetread,willbeO  respondedtobythe appropriate developers,orwillbelater followedupupon. `eMeIfyouarepostingfromawebbrowser,newsreaderorifJyouarepostingviaemailsentto INFO-VAX,pleaseturnBoffMIME,vcard, attachments,andother mechanismsDnthatassumeanyonereadingtheposthasthecorre-Ispondingcapability-usethe text-onlyoptionofyourwebI browser,newsreader,ormailer.*Usenetis traditionallyAxa text-onlymedium,andmany comp.os.vmspartici-Qpantswillusetoolsthathavethissupport disabled,orthatI)donothavethissupport.)IfthemessageusesMIMEorH attachmentsorsuch,thetextofyourmessagewillbeRburiedinalargepileof gibberish,andsometoolswillsendF3multiplecopiesofthetextwithinasingleposting. `OIfyoufindthatthepostingsofa particularuserareun-D  interesting, annoying,or off-topic,most newsreadersGcincludeafilterorkillfile mechanism,andmanymail:clientshavesimilar filtering capabilities.PleasedonotN ``flame''-toemailortopostvitriol-any individualthatPmmightannoyyou,pleaseenableandfilterallofthatuser's postings.3-Postingofvitriolandof ``flames''willeventu-Lallycomebacktohauntyou;netizensandthenetitselfGwhaveaverylargeandaverylongmemory.+ Similarly,KreadersthatdecidethatyourpostingsarenotworthyofF(readingwill similarlytendtofilterortokillfile s(all(ofyour; postings.&Pleaseplaynice,inotherwords.*=Xs?.K>!JOBeforepostingyourquestiontothe comp.os.vms newsgroupLOorsendingyourmessagetotheINFO-VAXlist,alsopleaseOO5takethetimetoreview available etiquette information,suchWhy?/SothatHPhasachancetoresolveandE distributeafixbeforeothercustomersitescanbea affected.BAWMostfolksinthe newsgroupsarehonestandde-Eservetoknowabout potentialsecurity problems,butGafewfolkscanandwillmake nefarioususeofthisCasame information.*Othersiteswill hopefullyreturnGthe courtesy,andwillnotpost informationthatwillB potentially compromiseyoursiteandyourcomputerk environment. bC 8=O1.4BWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?KOU Encompass,the Enterprise Computing Association,isauserLOgroup comprisedof information technology professionalsthatMOare interestedintheEnterprise-oriented products, services,GO^and technologiesofCompaqandoftheformerDIGITAL.HO Encompassoffers newsletters,the Encompasswebsite,andIOoffersvarious gatheringsandrelated services, including?Ohsymposiaeventsandlocalusersgroup meetings.DHO Encompassisa descendentofthe organizationknownasDODECUS,theDigital EquipmentComputerUsersSociety.EcDOFormore informationon Encompass, pleasevisittheO Encompasswebsite:ZF0 `m%mhttp://www.encompassus.org/GNCOThe organization comprisedof customersofHewlett-EOPackardCompany(HP)thatisprobablymost analogous8O5tothe Encompass organizationisInterex:VH, `m!mhttp://www.interex.org/;I! OOLike Encompass,InterexoffersvariousservicesandeventsofROinteresttofolksthat presentlyworkwithand/orthatwishtoPO5learnaboutHPproductsand offerings.'PleaseseetheInterex Owebsitefordetails.fLU%""O 2.2General! Informationg! EO2.2BWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?GOUVMSandOpenVMSaretwonamesforthesame operatingIOsystem.+ Originally,the operatingsystemwascalledVAX-GO11/VMS;itchangedtoVAX/VMSataroundVAX/VMSV2.0.HO^WhentheVMS operatingsystemwasportedtotheAlphaKO platform,itwasrenamedOpenVMS,forbothVAXandAlphaRO(andfortheItanium ProcessorFamily),inparttosignifytheOOhhighdegreeofsupportforindustry standardssuchasPOSIX,=OwhichprovidesmanyfeaturesofUNIXsystems.haJOForthoseversionswithPOSIX,anOpenVMSlicenseallowsMOyoutoinstallandrunPOSIXforOpenVMSatno additionalLO5charge;allyouneedisthemediaand documentationwhichKOcanbefoundonthe Consolidated DistributionandOn-LineDO DocumentationCD-ROMs.'SupportforthePOSIXpackageKO>onmorerecentOpenVMSreleasesisnot available,variousNOpartsofPOSIXsuchascallsfromtheAPIarebeinginte-HOgratedmoredirectlyintoOpenVMS.Formore information3OHonPOSIXforVMSseequestionSOFT2i DOWhatbecame confusingisthattheOpenVMSnamewasBO introducedfirstforOpenVMSAXPV1.0causingtheCO5 widespread misimpressionthatOpenVMSwasforAlphaMOAXPonly,while ``regularVMS''wasforVAX.Infact,theOOofficialnameoftheVAX operatingsystemwaschangedasofTO>V5.5,thoughthenamedidnotstarttobeactuallyusedintheOproductuntilV6.0.Wp -5O2.4BWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?KOUThisquestioncomesup periodically,usuallyaskedbynewGO subscribersamdnewposterswhoare long-timeUNIXorPOLinuxusers.( Sometimes,thequestionisignoredtotally;otherPO^times,itleadstoalongseriesof repetitivemessagesthatPOconvincenooneandusuallycarrylittleifanynewinforma-NOtion.*Pleasedoeveryoneafavorandavoid re-startingthis(Oh perpetual, fruitlessdebate.eq ;EOThatsaid,OpenVMSandthebetterimplementationsofOOUNIXareallfine operatingsystems,eachwithits strengthsMO5and weaknesses.*Ifyou'reinapositionwhereyouneedtoOOchoose,selecttheonethatbestfitsyourown requirements,OO considering,forexample,whetherornotthelayeredproductsPO>orspecificOSfeaturesyouwantare available,and consider-MOingtheexpectedcost-of-ownershipoverthelifetimeoftheOsystem installation.{ 2OTable2-1:7OpenVMSAlphaMediaKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QA-MT1AG-H8SyOpenVMSAlphaV6.2-1H3hardwarereleaseCD-ROM;alsorequiresQA-y MT1AA-H8.6.2Oq QA-MT1AR-H8>yqOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT1AT-H8>yOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMOe QA-MT1AU-H8>yeOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-2 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT3AA-H8LyOpenVMSAlphaandVAXproductsand documentationonCD-ROMOX QA-MT3AE-H8=yXOpenVMSAlphaandVAX documentationonCD-ROM O dJ} 3OTable2-2:7OpenVMSI64OrderNumbers O OFPartyF Description Ob O BA322AA#???$yOpenVMSI64FOEProductO$ BA323AA#???$y$OpenVMSI64EOEProductO BA324AA#???%yOpenVMSI64MCOEProduct O T :2OTable2-3:7OpenVMSI64MediaSuffix O OFSuffixyF Description Ob  OA18-yOpenVMSI64FOEV8.2DVDmedia O$AJR(y$OEmediakitonDVDmedia O0D1yFactory installation O 7! 6OTable2-4:7OpenVMSSourceListingsKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QB-MT1AB-E8=yOpenVMSAlphaSourceListingskitandlicenseO$ QT-MT1AB-Q83y$OpenVMSAlphaSourceListingsUpdatesO QB-001AB-E8;yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingskitandlicenseO QT-001AB-Q81yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingsUpdatesOBA422AA;yOpenVMSI64sourcelistingskitandlicense O 1rnUGO2.5BIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?OUYes.sHOActive developmentofnewOpenVMSreleasesis underway,7Oaswellasthe continuationofsupport.tiJOPleaseseethe followingURLsfordetails, roadmaps,andOrelated information:\u2 `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/"#n|8O2.7BInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?DOUOpenVMSiswritteninawidevarietyof languages. awFOInno particularorder,OpenVMS componentsareimple-FOmentedusingBliss,Macro,Ada,PLI,VAXandDECC,IO5Fortran,UIL,VAXandAlphaSDL,Pascal,MDL,DECC++,GODCL,Message,and Document.,Andthisis certainlynotKOacompletelist.+However,therumorisNOTtruethatanMO>attemptwasmadetowritepiecesofOpenVMSineverysup-NOportedlanguagesothattheRun-Time LibrariescouldnotbeIO unbundled.((APL,BASIC,COBOLandRPGarejustsomeof,OHthe languagesNOT represented!)! WLOTherearealargevarietyofsmalland not-so-smalltoolsFOandDCLcommand proceduresthatareusedaspartofJO5theOpenVMSbuild,andasourcecodecontrolsystemca-KOpableof maintainingoverahundredthousandsourcefilesNOacrossmultipleparallel development projects,and overlappingO> releases.$#%waCO2.9BDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?%OUOpenVMScangeneratetheRU%xA4$>U charactercodeusedforFOtheEuro,andthe DECwindowsDECtermcandisplaytheJOglyph.-Pleasecheckwiththevendorofyourterminalor7O^terminalemulatorfor additionaldetails.(] U=OTable2-5:7OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb O OGenericbFMicroprocessorb GenerationFOpenVMSVersionGeneralComments O  OEV4b21064V1.0<fewsystems;mostEV4requirelater;upgradeE available OEV5b21164V6.2( subsequentupgrade availableO8EV56b821164A=8V6.2-1H3 subsequentupgradetoV7.1andlater OEV6b21264V7.1-2? subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orlaterO,EV67b,21264A,V7.1-2?, subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orlaterOEV68$b21264B,CandDyV7.2-1@believed/probable; currentlyan unconfirmedexpec-tation O  & %'featuresspecifictotheplatformorthe architecture,orusingKO undocumentedor unsupported interfacescanandlikelywill7Orequiresome additionalefforttoport.) W?OSeveralmanualsonportingfromOpenVMSVAXtoDOOpenVMSAlphaare availableintheOpenVMSdocumen-IO5tationset, including informationonportingVAXMacro32JO assemblercodetotheMacro32compileronOpenVMSAlpha,HOon management differences,on upgrading privilegedcode,&O>and application migration:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/YJO DocumentationonportingtoOpenVMSI64is available,asOwell.v LLODetailsontheC programming environmentare availableat:V `m7m-http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/c_ index.htmluKKODetailsonportingVAXCtoHPCareare availableat:W `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/index_vax.htme;;OAnOpenVMSPortingLibraryis availableat:va L `mAm7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.htmlNJO Informationonthe EnterpriseToolkit,a Visual-basedde-DO velopment environmentfor developing applicationsforEO5OpenVMSusinga Microsoft platform,is availableat:X `m9m/http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/et/et_ index.htmlh@ODetailsonDCE,CORBA, BridgeWorks,andCOM/DCOM(O middlewareis availableat:w M `mBm8http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/middleware.htmllBBO InformationontheCOE standardsis availableat:Z0 `m%mhttp://diicoe.disa.mil/coe/ cJOAwidevarietyof programming developmenttoolsandmid-JOdlewareare availableas commercialproducts(eg:*DECset,FO5IBM WebSphere MQ-formerly MQseries),andvarioustoolsMOarealso availableas sharewareoras Freeware.*Pleaseseeprogramhas subsequentlybeen incorporatedintotheHPODSPPprogram.pOPleaseseeSection2.8.31for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?'-,.z wP.O2.17CBasicUnitsof Measurement?JOUOpenVMSandthe underlyinghardwareusevariousunitsofJO measurementfordiskandmemorystorage,andrelatedab-PO breviationsalso typicallyexist.)Thissectioncoversthemost>O^commonunits,andthe associatedabbreviations. bitmap.*The allocation granularityisknownasthevolumeROcluster factor-theclusterfactoristhenumberofblocksinaSOdiskcluster,anditisthesmallestnumberofblocksthatcan9OHbe allocatedona particulardiskvolume.Q'HOPriortoOpenVMSV7.2,themaximum permissiblesizeofLOthebitmaprequireslargerclusterfactorsasvolumesizesNO5 increase.*StartingwithV7.2,thebitmapcanbelarger,andEOclusterfactorsassmallasoneblockcanbeused. aNOThenumberofbytesinafilecanbe determinedbymulti-POplyingthenumberofblocks allocatedforthefiletimesthePO5numberofbytesinablock.+For sequentialfiles(only),theGOFFB (XAB$W_FFB,intheFileHeaderXAB)valuecanbeOOusedtofindouthowmuchofthelast (XAB$L_EBK)blockisNO>used.(FFBandEBKare meaningfulonlyfor sequentialfiles,MOandonlyinalimitedcontext-partialblock allocationsarePOnot permitted.(Forotherfileformats,theEOFmarkerisnotOH meaningful. WSODisk allocationsalwaysoccuronlyinunitsoftheclusterfac-ROtors,whichcanbefromoneblockupto (potentially)clustersLO5ofeighteenblocksormore, dependingonthevolumeclus-LOterfactor.*(OpenVMSV7.2andlater optionallyprovideforNOaclusterfactorofoneuptovolumesof approximately137O> gigabytes.) WKOOpenVMSassumesthatthedevicedriverandthe underlyingKOstoragedevicewillpresentthefilesystemwithaddress-RO5ableunitsofstorageof512bytesinsize,orthe appearanceEOofsame.,Various third-partyCD-ROMdevices,forin-NOstance,supportonly2048byteblocks,andsuchdevicesareFO> incompatiblewiththestandardOpenVMSdevicedrivers.WMOTo determinethenumberofbytesrequiredforafilefromKODCL,oneoptionusesthef$file_attributesitemEOF,mul-RO5tipliedbythesizeofablockinbytes(512).,ThisdoesnotSOaccountfortheunusedspaceinthelastblockofa sequentialUOfile,butitalsodoesnothaveto differentiate sequentialfilesO>fromotherfiles.;=O2.17.2CHowmanybytesareinamemorypage?IO4Amemorypageistheminimumunitofmemory allocationDOinOpenVMS.WithOpenVMSVAX,thememorypagesizeGOmatchesthediskblocksize:'itisalways512bytes. WGOWithOpenVMSAlpha,thememorypagesizeis variable,SOanditcanrangefrom8192bytes(8 kilobytes)upto64kilo-NO5bytes.'Thecurrentsystempagesizecanbe determinedusingIOthe sys$getsyiorf$getsyi PAGE_SIZEitem.(ProgramswithGO hardcoded constantsforthememorypagesize(orpageOO> alignment)shouldalwaysassumeapagesizeof64 kilobytes. IOOnOpenVMSI64,thememorypagesizeisalso variable,LOrangingfrom4096bytes(4 kilobytes)upto256 megabytesGO5(MB)and potentiallyupto4 gigabytes(GB).AswithEOOpenVMSAlpha, sys$getsyiandf$getsyiandthePAGE_NOSIZEitemcodecanandshouldbeusedto determinethecur-MO>rentsystempagesize.)Ingeneral,OpenVMSI64willusea4Opagesizeof8 kilobytes,orlarger.! NHOOnOpenVMSAlphaandonOpenVMSI64,a512byteareaIOofmemory- equivalentinsizetoanOpenVMSVAXmemory:O5page-isoftenreferedtoasa ``pagelet''.T! *IO2.17.3CHowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?&KB,MB,GB,TB?RO4Thesmallest granularityofdiskstorage addressingiscalledaQOdiskblock,or sometimesadisksector.)GroupsofdiskblocksQOareusually organizedtogetherintothesmallestunitofstor-XO=agethatcanbe allocated,andthisunitiscalledadiskcluster.UOThenumberofblocksinaclusteristheclusterfactor,andis@O establishedwhenthediskvolumeis initialized.T! *POEach individualdiskblockiscomposedoffivehundredtwelveOO(512)bytes,orone-half kilobyte.)Eachbyteis comprisedofQO5eightbits.)Abit representsthesmallestunitof information,:O typicallyreferedtoasaoneorazero. LOOpenVMStendstousesbasetwonotationfordiskstorage,KOwhilediskstoragecapacityspecificationsfrommoststor-LO5agevendors (includingCompaq)will generallyusebasetenO notation.}QOAnOpenVMSdiskblockis512bytesinsize;thisisone-half,Okilobyteinbasetwo notation.Z #0QOThe followingtable describestheprefix,the abbreviation,andNOthe associatedbaseten(asusedby marketingandbystor-FO5agevendors)andbasetwo(OpenVMSandvariousother&O operatingsystems)values.Base&Ten*Base%TwoBZ --------------------------------p----------------------KilobyteK(KB)K10**3$1000p2**10 1024MegabyteK(MB)K10**61000000p2**20Z 10485762GigabyteK(GB)K10**9D2 1000000000p2**302 1073741824 zTerabyteK(TB)K10**12-z 1000000000000p2**40 1099511627776KPetabyteK(PB)K10**151000000000000000p2**50&1125899906842624M Exabytep(EB)K10**18%1000000000000000000p2**60&**************** 4OThebasetenrepresentationofthe2 G**'40valueis1099511627776,OOwhichis obviouslyratherugly.'WhenviewedasabaseeightLO5orbasesixteen(octalor hexadecimal, respectively)value,QOthevalueisfarnicer.) Specifically,thevalueis 10000000000HOand40000000when representedinoctaland hexadecimal,O> respectively. FAQNotation @HWithintheOpenVMSFAQ,athousandbits(eitherFassumingbasetwoorbaseten,as determinedbytheMcontext)isreferedtoasakilobit,andisalwaysrepre-GRsentedbythe appreviationKb,whileathousandbytesLisreferedtoasakilobyteandisalways abbreviatedasEKB.Similar notationalusagealsoholdsforMegabitsD[(Mb)and Megabytes(MB),andforthevariousotherunits. z PJOOpenVMS operatingsystem referencestosystemandstorageTOare generallytothebase-twoversion(eg:'1024,inthecaseofNO5akilobyteorkilobit)whilestoragehardware referencesandNOhardwarespecificationsare generallytothebase-tenversionO(eg:'1000). WNOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(basetwo) kilobytes(KB;QO1024bytes),simplydividebytwo.)Toconvertblocksto(baseMO5two) megabytes,divideby2048.*Blocksto(basetwo)giga-OObytes(GB),divideby2097152.'These particular divisionscanPOalsobe performedusing bitshifts:+todivideavaluebytwo,GO>shiftthebinaryvalue rightwardbyonebit position.wIOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(baseten) kilobytes,.Odivideby approximately 1.953125.>! QOForthosefolkswithaninterestinodd applicationsforpre-OOfixes,and particularlyforthosefolksalso rummagingaroundKO5deepwithintheOpenVMS operatingsystem,amicrofortnight)Ois approximatelyonesecond._.-/E%O 3.2 DocumentationJ30= P)OTable3-2:7 TelephoneNumbers O OF TelephoneyF Description Ob bO1-800-AT-COMPAQHP(Compaq, includingDIGITALandTandem)productsandservices5O$1-800-STORWORKTheHP StorageWorksteam OJ 0/2 )HO3.2BWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?COUOnyourOpenVMSsystem,theHELPcommandcanpro-NOvideawealthof information,notonlyonDCLcommandsbutFOonsystemservices(HELPSystem_Services)andRun-TimeBO^Libraryroutines(HELPRTL_Routines).-The introduc-HOtion displayedwhenyoutypetheHELPcommandwithnohavebeen presentedatvariousDECUS symposia.$O HPOpenVMS Documentation+O!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/guVarious introductoryguidesaswellasmoreadvancedmanualsare availableinthe=OpenVMSandlayeredproduct documentationset.O= HPOpenVMSTraining2O(http://www.compaq.com/training/home.html6O ,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/wbt/index.htmln~ HPofferstraining informationand TechnicalResourceKits(TRKs)andotherTrainingforX OpenVMS.AnOpenVMS certification (testing)programisalso available.&OE http://www.jcameron.com/vms/ AnOpenVMSQuiz"O8 http://www.CCSScorp.com/H CCSS InteractiveLearninghasOpenVMStraining materials"O, http://www.acersoft.com/I AcerSoftTraining information,andShannonKnowsPunditry O http://www.mindiq.com/' MindIQtraining information l O  OURLSponsor O #Oxhttp://www.quadratrix.be/h Quadratrix;OpenVMS training,productsand services; affiliatedwithGlobal Knowledge?andKeyJob Of  9:  OTable3-4:7DPBooks O OFTitleandAuthorFISBN Ob 1OGettingStartedwithOpenVMSSystemO ManagementOEDavidDonaldMiller 1-55558-281-82O IntroductiontoOpenVMS,5thEditionO LesleyOgilvieRice 1-55558-194-3#O IntroductiontoOpenVMSODavidWBynon 1-878956-61-25OMOpenVMSAlpha Internals:) SchedulingandOProcessControlM 1-55558-156-09OOpenVMSAXP InternalsandData Structures:ObVersion1.5 1-55558-120-X,OOpenVMSSystem ManagementGuideO)Baldwin,etal 1-55558-143-97OTheOpenVMSUser'sGuide,SecondEditionOPatrickHolmay 1-55558-203-60OjUsing DECwindowsMotifforOpenVMSOMargieSherlockj 1-55558-114-5=O2VAX/VMS InternalsandData Structures:"Version O5.22 1-55558-059-9O3.6BWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive( internals?GOTheOpenVMS InternalsandData Structuremanual(IDSM)COexplainshowtheOpenVMS executiveworks..ThebookGO^coversthe operatingsystemkernel:+process management;DOmemory management;theI/O subsystem;andthemech-MOanismsthattransfercontrolto,from,andamongthese.+ItROhgivesanoverviewofa particularareaofthesystem,followedSOby descriptionsofthedata structuresrelatedtothatareaand>Odetailsofthecodethat implementsthearea. ! WLOThefirsteditionoftheOpenVMSAlpha internalsbookde-POscribesVersion1.5.'AlthoughtherehavebeenseveralreleasesNO5ofOpenVMSAlphasinceVersion1.5(V6.1,V6.2,V7.0,V7.1,MOetc)andmanydetailsinthebookarenolonger accurate,LOit continuestoprovideastrong conceptual descriptionofO>OpenVMS internals. WNOThisbookhasbeensplitintofivepieces,eachtobeup-MOdated separately.*Thefirstsuchvolume, publishedinearlyHO51997,was"OpenVMSAlpha InternalsandData Structures:JO SchedulingandProcess Control,"whichcoverstheVersionJO7.0implementationoftruemultithreadingandthechanged)O> schedulingmodelitimplies. dNOThe internalsbooksare availablethroughDigitalPress,seeOSection3.7* O|? Z ;@ d  .OTable3-5:7OpenVMSMailingLists O OF SubscriptionFInterestArea Ob 2OOpenVMSFreewarearchive announcementOlistFSupdate@goatley.com&FSupdate-request@goatley.com  1-OTwo-wayechoofvmsnet.internals&VMSnet-Internals@goatley.com.$VMSnet-Internals-request@goatley.com  1GOVOpenVMSAlpha Internals discussionsAlpha-IDS@goatley.com'Alpha-IDS-request@goatley.com   1O,BLISS discussions,BLISSters@goatley.com'BLISSters-request@goatley.com l 14OProcessSoftwareMultiNetmailinglistOP(newsgateway)#Info-MultiNet@process.com+_!Info-MultiNet-request@process.com t C 13OProcessSoftwareTCPwaremailinglistO&(newsgateway)"Info-TCPware@process.com*5 Info-TCPware-request@process.com   17OProcessSoftwarePMDFmailinglist(newsOgateway)Info-PMDF@process.com' Info-PMDF-request@process.com $  1-OTheSRI CHARON-VAXVAXemulatorOpackage&CHARON-VAX-Users@process.com.$CHARON-VAX-Users-request@process.com  15O[ Info-Zip'sZip&UnZip discussionlist[Info-Zip@wku.edu"Info-Zip-Request@wku.edu _  1-O1  RADIUS-VMS,aRADIUSserverfor$O~ OpenVMS discussionforum1 radius-vms@dls.net$~ radius-vms-request@dls.net  b 17O InternetService Providers(ISPs)runningOF OpenVMS vms-isps@dls.net"T vms-isps-request@dls.net / 8 16O UsersofMarkDaniel'sWASDwebserver0O forOpenVMSVAXandAlphaexists.>Oi  Informationaboutthislistserveranddetails?O onhowto subscribetothelistare available'O atthe referencedwebsite.! http://wasd.vsm.com.au/O~ VMSForum5~ +http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/comp/ava/vms_  forum.htmlx O  OT 1mp Thisisthe subscriptionaddress.Usually,youwillwanttosendamailmessagewithnosubjectline,anda SUBSCRIBEor?O HELPcommandinthebodyofthemailmessage. O 7 6:   )IO3.7BWherecannewusersfindtutorial informationabout(OpenVMS?VOFirst,seeifyourlocalsitehas informationonthistopic.'EachMOsitecanhave site-specificfeaturesandconfiguration.)SomeOO^siteswillhave site-specificnewuser'sdocumentation,cover-SOingvarious site-specificthingsthatare difficultor impossible?OforthegeneralOpenVMS documentationtocover.$O3.7.1BTutorial Websites?HO4VariouswebsiteswithOpenVMS informationare available;OTable3-3*containssome suggestedURLs.*OOa?x'O3.7.2BBooksand Tutorials?MOSomeoftheOpenVMSbooksthatareorhavebeen available,O_fromtheDigitalPressimprintQ' `http://www.bh.com/X.Oarelistedin Table3-4:* Fa?zIOForvariousfeaturedOpenVMSbooks,alsopleaseseethe1ObookslinkattheOpenVMSwebsite:[1 `m&mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvmstJJOFora bibliographyofvariousOpenVMSbooks,pleasesee:i? `m4m*http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_book.htmlx8:7<=O3.8BWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsare available?KOUVariousOpenVMSmailinglistsare available,withsomeof-Othe availablelistsdetailedinPTable3-5.*Ppa?<:=#! MO3.9BWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheardabout?DO(TheHPOpenVMSAskTheWizard(ATW)websiteisanJOinformalarea containing questionsandanswersonawideOvarietyoftopics.c9 `.$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?' OOToaccessacitedtopic directly,usetheURLfilenameWIZ_HOtopic-number.HTML.Forexample,topic(1020)canbeac-MO5cesseddirectlyusingtheURLfilename wiz_1020.htmlattheO followingURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/n  DPOAziparchive(named wizard.zip) containingalloftheavail-MOabletopicsand questionscanbe downloadedfromtheaboveGO5URL.The wizard.zipziparchiveis completelyregener-NOatedwhennewbatchesoftopicsarepostedouttotheATWOwebsite.! WPOBeforepostingaquestiontotheAskTheWizardarea,pleaseJOreadandpleaseheedtheposting rules-andpleaseremem-LO5bertosearchthis document,theOpenVMSFAQ.AndifyouPOhaveaquestionthatrequiresananswer,orifyourquestionMOhas time-critical constraintsorbusiness constraints,please@O>contacttheHPcustomersupportcenter directly.O?>@5)  $O 4.2Time!and! TimekeepingKOThischapter discussestime, timekeeping,systemtimesyn-QO chronization,clockskewandclockdrift, implicationsofusing:OBSUBMIT/AFTER=TOMORROW,andother time-relatedOtopics.A@'?A*DO4.1BAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?COUWhydoesOpenVMSregardsNovember17,1858asthe O beginningoftime...+DOThemodifiedJuliandateadoptedbythe SmithsonianIO Astrophysical Observatory(SAO)for satellitetrackingisJO5JulianDay 2400000.5,whichturnsouttobemidnightonONovember17,1858.,! POSAOstartedtracking satelliteswithan8K (nonvirtual)36-bitLOIBM704in1957whenSputnikwentintoorbit.)TheJulianLO5daywas2435839onJanuary1,1957.)Thisis11225377oc-WOtal,whichwastoobigtofitintoan18-bitfield.'Withonly8KPOofmemory,the14bitsleftoverbykeepingtheJuliandateKO>initsown36-bitwordwouldhavebeenwasted.+SAOalsoSOneededthefractionofthecurrentday(forwhich18bitsgaveMOenough accuracy),soitwasdecidedtokeepthenumberofWOHdaysintheleft18bitsandthefractionofadayintheright"O18bitsofoneword.-! _NOEighteenbitsallowsthe truncatedJulianDay(theSAOday)MOtogrowaslargeas262143,whichfromNovember17,1858,RO5allowedfor7 centuries.( Possibly,thedatecouldonlygrowasWOlargeas131071(using17bits),butthisstillcovers3 centuriesOOandleavesthe possibilityof representingnegativetime.)TheOO>1858dateprecededtheoldeststar catalogueinuseatSAO,QOwhichalsoavoidedhavingtousenegativetimeinanyofthe,O satellitetracking calculations. . JOTheoriginalJulianDay(JD)isusedby astronomersandOO expressedindayssincenoonJanuary1,4713B.C.Thismea-NO5sureoftimewas introducedbyJosephScaligerinthe16thNOcentury.+Itisnamedinhonorofhisfather,JuliusCaesarLOScaliger(notethatthisJulianDayis differentfromtheMO>JuliancalendarthatisnamedfortheRomanEmperorJuliusO Caesar!)./ KOWhy4713BC?ScaligertracedthreetimecyclesandfoundVOthattheywereallinthefirstyearoftheircylein4713B.C.QO5Thethreecyclesare15,19,and28yearslong.(By multiply-)Oingthesethreenumbers(15 [* 19 **I28=7980),hewasabletoEO representanydatefrom4713B.C.through3267A.D.0IOThestartingyearwasbeforeany historicaleventknownPOtohim.*Infact,theJewishcalendarmarksthestartoftheOO5worldas3761B.C.Todayhis numberingschemeisstillusedLOby astronomerstoavoidthe difficultiesof convertingtheMOmonthsof different calendarsinuseduring differenteras.O1%%OThe followingwebsites:2  `m>m4http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/year-2000/leap.html `E)Ehttp://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ `http://www.nist.gov/ `D/D%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `5+http://www.tondering.dk/claus/calendar.html `B@B6http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Things/gregorian_ calendar.html3lLOareallgood time-related resources,somegeneralandsome OspecifictoOpenVMS.k4AAO4.1.1BDetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?d5::O4.1.1.1CVAXhardware time-keeping details...6 O 4.1.1.1.1CTOYclock1KThisisbatterybackeduphardwareQO(timing circuitryusedtokeepthecorrecttimeofyearduringKO rebooting,power failures,andsystem shutdown.*ThisclockQOonlykeepstrackofmonths,days,andtime.'ThetimeiskeptQO2relativetoJanuary1st,at 00:00:00.00oftheyeartheclockOwas initiailized.R7(#O 4.1.1.1.2CEXE$GQ_SYSTIME%hThisistheOpenVMSVAXPO(systemtimecell.(Thiscellcontainsthenumberof100nsin-OOtervalssinceaknown reference.(Thiscellis incrementedbyAO100000every10msbyanhardwareintervaltimer.8! $O 4.1.1.1.3CEXE$GQ_TODCBASE.ThiscellcontainsthetimeandLO(datethesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItFOusesthesameformatasEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.On adjustmentLOofthesystemtimeacopyofEXE$GQ_SYSTIMEisstoredinUO2thiscellinbothmemoryandondisk.(Thiscellisusedtoget,Otheyearforthesystemtime.X9 U. O 4.1.1.1.4C EXE$GL_TODR4ThiscellcontainsthetimeanddateLO(thesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItusesLOthesameformatasthetimeofyearclock.*On adjustmentPOofthesystemtimethiscellgetssavedbacktobothmemoryUO2anddisk.)Thecontentsofthiscellareusedtotestthevalid-JOityoftheTOYclock.(Thesystem parametersSETTIMEandAOTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinehowthesystemtimewillO<beset.:7 `m<mIFSETTIME=0andtheTOYclockisvalidETHENthecontentsoftheTOYclockarecomparedto!thoseof EXE$GL_TODR.c;! 9JOKIFtheTOYclockismorethanadaybehind EXE$GL_TODR7YTHENtheTOYclockispresumedinvalid. #BY#IFtheTOYclockiswithinadayof EXE$GL_TODR?Y|THENthesystemtimeis calculatedasfollows: /YEXE$GQ_SYSTIME=EXE$GQ_TODCBASE+&YT ((TOY_CLOCK- EXE$GL_TODR) _*T100000) `=IFSETTIME=1ortheTOYclockisinvalid:+THENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determines.howtoresetthetimeofyear.%<! D"OAIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT>0CYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddate,=YforalengthoftimeequaltoTIMEPROMPTWAITYKmicrofortnights. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0@Y#THENthetimeofyearisthevalueofEXE$GL_Y{TODR+10ms. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0+YStoproceeduntiltheydoso. GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandY+unable8= @OWhenbootingaCD-ROM containinganOpenVMSVAXMOsystem,thesystemwill typicallybe deliberately configuredTO5prompttheusertoinputthetime-thisis necessaryinorder-Otobootwiththecorrecttime.M> #?OIfeitherTIMEPROMPTWAITorSETTIMEaresettoMOzero,OpenVMSVAXwillusetheTOYclocktogetthetimeOO5ofyear,andtheyearwillbefetchedfromthe distributionKOmedium.)Thevalueoftheyearonthe distributionmediumPO(savedwithintheSYS.EXEimage)willmostlikelybethatofKO>whenthekitwas mastered,andcannotbechanged.)UnlessQOthecurrentyearhappenstobethesameyearasthatontheQO distribution,mostlikelytheyearwillbe incorrect.) (Further,LOHwiththe calculationofLeapYearalsobeing dependentonTOthecurrentyear,thereisa possibilitythatthedatecouldbe O incorrect,aswell.)f?<0:YTHENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinesGYhowlongtheuserispromptedtoenterthetimeandJYqdate.'Iftimeexpiresandnotimehasbeenenteredthe5YsystemactsasifTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0. I"YIIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0FYTHENthesystemtimeis calculatedfromthecontents)YofEXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK+1. z"YzIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandEY+unabletocontinueuntilthe informationisentered.D! tKOUnliketheVAX,theAlphahardwareclocktracksthefullVOdateandtime,notjustthetimeofyear.'Thismeansitispos-KO5sibletobootfromtheCD-ROMmediawithoutenteringtheMOtimeattheCD-ROM bootstrap.'(Thisprovidedthatthetime;Oanddatehavebeen initialized,ofcourse.)EUCOIA-64 (Itanium)hardware time-keepingdetailstobeOadded.../F _PO4.1.1.3CWhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?JO)BecausetheVAXTimeOfYear(TOY)hasa resolutionofOO497days,theVAXsystemtimeisstoredusingboththeTOYBOandtheOpenVMSVAXsystemimageSYS.EXE.BecauseNO3oftheuseofthe combinationoftheTOYandSYS.EXE,youJOneedtoissueaSETTIMEcommand(withthetimeparam-NOeter specified)atleastoncebetweenJanuary1standaboutJO<April11thofeachyear,andwheneveryouchangesystemJOimages(duetobootinganotherOpenVMSVAXsystem,boot-GOingthe standaloneBACKUPimage,anECOthatreplacesOFSYS.EXE,etc).TG*HOTheSETTIMEcommand(withthecurrenttimeasapa-HOrameter)is automaticallyissuedduringvariousstandard@O5OpenVMS proceduressuchas SHUTDOWN,anditcanSOalso obviouslybeissueddirectlybyasuitably privilegeduser.HOIssuingtheSETTIMEcommand(witha parameter)resetsLO>thevaluestoredintheTOY,and(if necessary)alsoup-ROdatestheportionofthetime(thecurrentyear)savedinthe!OSYS.EXEsystemimage.RH(HOThisVAXTOYlimitisthereasonwhyOpenVMSVAXin-GO stallationkitsand standaloneBACKUP explicitlypromptHO5forthetimeduring bootstrap,andwhythetimevalueMOcan"getweird"ifthesystemcrashesoutsidethe497dayIOwindow(ifnoSETTIMEwasissuedtoupdatethesavedQO>values),andwhythetimevaluecan"getweird"ifadiffer-FOentSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXEisused (alternatesystemdisk,$O standaloneBACKUP,etc).IAO4.1.2BHowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?HO4VAXsystemsmaintainanintervalclock,andahardwareOclock.J NMOTheVAXhardwareclockiscalledtheTOY("TimeOfYear")NOclock.,Theregister associatedwiththeclockiscalledthe,O5TODR("TimeOfDay Register").>KMOTheTOYclock-as used-storestimerelativetoJanuaryfirstQOofthecurrentyear,startingatat 00:00:00.00.+Itisa100MO5Hz,32-bitcounter, incrementedevery10ms,andthushasa)Ocapacityofcirca497days.LNAOOpenVMS(ontheVAX platform)storessystemdateFOinformation-andin particular,thecurrentyear-inthe-O5systemimage,SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXE.MNOOTheTOYisused,in conjunctionwiththebasedatethatisPOstoredand retrievedfromthesystemimage,to initializetheGO5intervalclockvaluethatisstoredinEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.>N POOncetheintervalclockisloadedintotherunningsystemasNOpartofthesystem bootstrap,thesystemdoesnot typicallyKO5 referencetheTOYagain,unlessaSETTIME(withnopa-NO rameters)isissued.*TheintervalclockvalueisupdatedbyNOaperiodicIPL22orIPL24 (dependingonthespecificimple-LO> mentation) interrupt.'(Whenthese interruptsareblockedasPOaresultoftheactivityof higher-IPL code-suchas extensiveQOdriver interruptactivityorahardwareerrorora correctableROH(soft)memory error-theclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimePOvaluereportedtotheuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.)~O TFOWhenSETTIMEisissuedwithno parameters,theTOYLOclockisloadedintothesystemclock;therunningsystemTO5clockissettothetimestoredintheTOYclock.'ThisassumesPOtheTOYclockismoreaccuratethanthesystemclock,asisOnormallythecase.P! WJOOnmost(all?)-VAXsystems,thebatterythatisassoci-OOatedwiththeTOYclockcanbe disconnectedandreplacedifNO5(when)it fails-TOYclockfailuresarequitecommonlycausedNObyafailednickel-cadmium(NiCd)orlithiumbattery,orby"OafailedDallaschip.wC BD >O4.4BWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?,Help(managingDTSS?NOIfyoutrytosetthesystemtimewiththeSETTIMEcom-=Omand,andseeoneofthe following messages:0O%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%time>O-SYSTEM-F-IVSSRQ,%invalid&system%service&request0O<%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%timeqO-SYSTEM-E-TIMENOTSET,%time%service&enabled;&enter&a%time%service&command%to%update&the%timeaTOThisoccursifthetimeonthelocalsystemis controlledbyaNOtimeservice software,forexamplethe distributedtimeser-JO5vicesoftware(DTSS)providedaspartofthe DECnet-PlusIO installation.*TheDTSSsoftware communicateswithoneorLOmoretimeserverstoobtainthecurrenttime.,ItentirelyNO>controlsthelocalsystemtime(for DECnet-Plus,thereisaIOprocessnamed DTSS$CLERKforthis); therefore,theusageEOoftheSETTIMEcommand(andthe underlying$SETTIM)OHsystemservice)is disabled.KOThefirstmessageis displayedonsystemsrunningDECnet-JOPlusV6.1andearlier.(Onsystemswithnewer DECnet-PlusGO5 software,thesecond(andmore informative)messageisOgiven.BbGOYou shouldn'thavetochangethetimemanually-youNOshouldbedoingthisthroughthetimeserver-butifyou6O5 insist...'you'llhavetoshutdownDTSS: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLODISABLE&DTSSOIDELETE%DTSS zHOThiswillshutdown DTSS$CLERK.YoumaythenchangetheKOsystemtimeasusual.&TorestarttheDTSS software,type&Oa$&@SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$STARTUP NOOYouwillneedanumberof privilegestoussuethiscommand,GOandyoumustalsobegrantedthe NET$MANAGE identifer/O5toshutdownandtorestartDTSS.alJOIfyouwishto``permanently''disableDTSSonasystem@Orunning DECnet-Plus,theaboveNCLsequencemustHO5be performedeachtimethesystemis bootstrapped.-(OnHO DECnet-PlusV7.3andlater,youcandefinethelogicalBOnameNET$DISABLE_DTSStodisabletheDTSSstartup.HO>Thislogicalnamemustbedefinedinthecommandpro-DOcedureSYLOGICALS.COM,asthislogicalnamemustbeFOpresentanddefined sufficientlyearlyintheOpenVMS>OHsystem bootstrapsequenceforitto function.) vNOIfDTSSisrunningandnotimeserversare configured,youROcan(andwill)seethe followingmessagesatregular intervals:BO %%%%%%%%%%%JOPCOMp 2-SEP-1999& 19:41:20.29K %%%%%%%%%%%1OMessage&from%user%SYSTEM%on%UNHEDIPOIEvent:%Too&Few%Servers&Detected&from:&Node% LOCAL:.mynode%DTSS,0zat:%!1999-09-02-19:41:20.296-04:00IinfzNumber% Detected=0,z!Number% Required=18zieventUidp$5FA70F4F-616E-11D3-A80E-08002BBEDB0F9z entityUidJ$DE9E97DE-6135-11D3-8004-AA000400BD1B9z streamUidJ$D6513A46-6135-11D3-8003-AA000400BD1Bv LIOYoucaneither configurethe appropriatenumberoftimeTOservers,oryoucandisableDTSS,oryoucanignoreitand(ifTO5OPCOMissettowritetothelogviaviathelogicalnamesin9O#SYLOGICALS.COM/SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)cleanout"O OPERATOR.LOG regularly.#F MOYoucanalsosimplydisablethedisplayofthese messages: O$&run%sys$system:nclUOPblock%event% dispatcher&outbound&stream% local_stream%global&filter%-7((Node,%DTSS),%Too&Few%Servers& Detected)>! POIfyouwishtodisablethe automaticTDF adjustmentforday-NOlightsavingstime(onOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.3),you!O5canusethecommand: O$&run%sys$system:ncl5Oset%dtss% automatic%TDF&change%=&false NPOoralternatively,youcansetthelocaltimezonetoonethatNOdoesnotincludethe automaticdaylightsavingstimechange-O5over.ZHOOpenVMSV7.3andlatersimplifytimeandtimezoneman-Oagement.DCE}NSCO4.5BSettingtimeon AlphaServerES47,ES80,GS1280(console?KOTosetthetimeonan AlphaServerES47, AlphaServerES80JOor AlphaServerGS1280seriessystem,youmustaccesstheHO^platform managementutility..In particular,thisishowBOOpenVMSobtainsitssystemtimeonthesesystems.7O<MBM%-%(PMU,%Platform% Management&Utility)3From%SRM&P00>%enter%{Esc}%{Esc}%MBMCTRL/[%CTRL/[%MBM$(MBM&must%be% uppercase)5MBM>%connect5(to%exit%to%SRM)b8HOTheserialPMUisacommandline interfaceforase-IOrial communication(MBM)portortothetelnetsession.IO5Commandsenteredonthislineare forwardedtothePMUNOserver,andtheserialPMUis responsibleforthe followingOtasks: `mDmShowthesystem configurationandprovidethebasic debugging capability `EHEInitiatethefirmwareupdateorloadthetestfirmwareversion `KPoweronoroff,halt,orresetthesystemor partition `<Thesystem partitioningandcabling functions `DDisplaysofthehealthofhardware environment,in-Dtcludingsuch constructsasfans,powersuppliesand2 environmentaland temperaturevalues. `L+LRemoteserver managementtasks `9The connectiontothevirtualSRMconsoleNHOUseanescapekeysequencetoenterthePMU.YoucanDOaccessthePMUthroughamodemorfromaterminal@O5emulator connectedtotheserver managementLAN.qFEGW%--O 5.2System! Management" Information GFH .O5.1BWhatisan installedimage?JOUTheterm "install"hastwodistinctmeaningsinOpenVMS.SOThefirstrelatesto "installinga product",whichisdonewith>OeithertheSYS$UPDATE:VMSINSTAL.COMcommandpro-EO^cedureorthe POLYCENTERSoftware Installation(PCSI)EOutility(PRODUCT command).)ThesecondmeaningrelatesQOtotheuseoftheINSTALLutility,whichiswhatconcernsusOhhere. WMOTheINSTALLutilityisusedtoidentifytoOpenVMSaspe-POcificcopyofanimage,either executableor shareable,whichPO5istobegivensomesetofenhanced properties.)Forexample,DOwhenyouissuetheSETPASSWORDcommand,theimageFOSYS$SYSTEM:SETP0.EXEisrun.'Thatimageneedstohave;O>elevated privilegestoperformits function.FKOTheother important attributeis/SHARED.ThismeansthatLO shareablepartsoftheimage (typically read-onlycodeandHO5data)areloadedintomemoryonlyonceandaresharedHOamongallusersonasystem.- ExecutableimagescanbeGO installed/SHAREDaswellas shareablelibraryimages.HO>(Theterm "shareable"hasdualmeaningshere,too.-See Othe0OpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManualforfurtherO details.)8! VOIt's importanttonotethatthereisnosuchthingas "installingNOa shareableimagewith privileges".'TheINSTALLutilitywillWO5letyoudoit,butthe privilegesyouspecifywillbeignored.'ToPOhaveacallableroutinerunwithenhanced privilegesthatarePOnot availabletoitscaller,youmust constructyourroutinesIO>as "user-writtensystem services"andinstalltheshare-@Oableimagewiththe/PROTECT qualifier.(Seethe]OpenVMS'O ProgrammingConceptsManual$formore informationonLOH user-writtensystem services.)NotealsothatinmanycasesROtheneedtogrant privilegestoanimagecanbereplacedwithKOtheuseofthe "Protected Subsystems"featurethatgrants9ORarights identifiertoanimage.+SeetheROpenVMSGuidetoOSystemSecurity6for informationon Protected Subsystems.HGI~! T=O5.2BArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?HOUVirusesandwormsarecommononpersonal computersbe-MOcausethe operatingsystems involved,suchasthe MicrosoftEOMS-DOS,Windows95,Windows98andWindowsMEvari-PO^ants,donot particularlyprotectthe operatingsystemortheJOfilesystemagainsthostileactionby programs.- MicrosoftCOWindowsNT,Windows2000andWindowsXPdoimple-NOhment protectionsforspecificconfigurationsanddo implementKOmemory protectionmodels,butmanyusersofthesesystemsOOchoosetooperatewithfull adminstratoraccessandthustheMOr available protectionsareentirelydefeatedandentirelynotLO relevent,andanyprogramthatcanactivateitselforcanQO#causetheusertoactivatethecodecansubvertthe operatingMO{systemandtakeoverthe hardware,atwhichpointthema-POliciouscodecandomostanythingitwishes, includinghidingUO-copiesofitselfinotherprogramsorinthefilesystem,redis-PO tributingitselfviamail,IM,ornetwork connections,orcanLObeusedasazombieinstagingattacksonothersystems.~! ~TOOThisislesslikelywith multi-usersystemssuchasOpenVMS,GOUnix,Linux,MVSandother platformsforvariousrea-NO5sons.*First,the operatingsystemrunsina privilegedmodeLOinmemorythatis protectedagainst modificationbynormalHOuser programs.*AnyprogramcannotsimplytakeovertheJO>hardwareasitcanon operatingsystemswithoutsecurityKOand particularlywithoutmemorypage protections.' Secondly,OO multi-usersystemscanbesetupsothatnon-privilegedpro-MOHgramscannotmodifysystemprogramsandfilesondisk,andOOthisisnormalformostinstallations.*Bothoftheseprotec-POtionschemesmeanthat traditionalviral infectionsdon'tworkJORontheseOSes.,Third,typical applicationsand configura-OOtionstendtopreventthe uncontrolled executionof untrustedQOcodeaspartofreceivedmailmessagesorwebaccess;oneofKO[thecentralvulnerabilitiesofthe MicrosoftWindowsplat-ROforminvolvesits intentionallyeasyabilityto dynamically(andJO transparently)activatecodeandmacrosthatareembedded;Oewithinmailmessagesandwithindatafiles.d! :MOItispossibleforOpenVMSandother multi-usersystemstoPObecomeinfectedbyvirusesorworms,buttodoso,thepro-MO5gram containingthevirusmustberunfromauseraccountPOthathas amplified privileges.'Solongasthesystemadminis-POtratoriscarefulthatonlytrusted applicationsarerunfromRO>suchaccounts(andthisis generallythecase)andsolongasLOtherearenoOpenVMSsystemsecuritybreaches(duetoma-LOliciousoperator activity,OpenVMSerrors,orerrorswithinPOHtrustedand privilegedproduct packages)thereisnoofmodi-RO ficationstothe operatingsystemorother protectedfilesfrom$Othevirusortheworm.$GOTheFAQ maintainerisawareofafew(andveryold)CODECnetwormsthathaveaffectedOpenVMSsystemsonKO5DECnet networks,butisawareofnoOpenVMSvirusesthat%Oarelooseinthefield. IOToprotectagainstvirusesandotherattemptsatsystemJO interferenceormisuse,pleasefollowthesecurityrecom-O5 mendationsinthe.5OpenVMSGuidetoSystemSecurity 5.GO Additionally,youwillwanttokeepyourOpenVMSECOsGOcurrentandyouwillwanttoapplyall mandatoryECODO>kitsandanysecurityMUPsforOpenVMSandOpenVMSJO products,andyouwillwanttokeeptoOpenVMSreleasesJOwithPriorVersionSupport(PVS)orwithCurrentVersionIOHSupport.,(Thisis obviouslyageneralsystem maintenanceJOrecommendation,inadditiontobeingagoodsystemsecu-IOrityrecommendation-newsecurityfeaturesand capabilitiesJORare implementedinmorerecentOpenVMS releases,forin-JOstance.),YoumayalsowanttoconsideroptionalsoftwareNOproductswhichcanmonitoryoursystemfor intrusionorin-IO[fection attempts.+Computer Associates(CA)offersvariousulationoffilesintendedfor MicrosoftWindowssystemsusers,IOandascommonvirusandwormattackscanfindandin-ROfectfilesonthefilesharesthattheseproductscanprovide.KOHThese infectionsdonottargetOpenVMSitself,thoughtheFOOpenVMSserver(andanyotherplatformandanyotherJOservercapableofstoringfilesforWindowssystems)canGORsilentlyhostfiles containingcommon MicrosoftWindowsO infections.IHJn;O5.3BSourcesofOpenVMSsecurity information?IOUWherecanIget informationonOpenVMSsystem security?  `m*m http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc `G=http://www.blacksheepnetworks.com/security/resources/openvms/ `l2l(http://www.vmsone.com/~opcom/defcon9.htmJ IKn@O5.4BHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?FOUISO-9660supportwasaddedinthe following releases:xN `mmOpenVMSVAXV6.0 `OpenVMSAXPV1.5GOAnadd-onISO-9660kitwasalso availableforOpenVMSFOVAXV5.5,V5.5-1,V5.5-2,and V5.5-2H4.,ThisrequiresLO5the installationoftheF11CDkitfromthe InfoServerCD,KOfromthe Consolidated DistributionCDunderthe InfoServerFOarea,CustomerSupportCenterkitCSCPAT #1071012,orMO>theF11CDECOkit.( (UpgradestoV6andlaterarestronglyO recommended.) ! QOBydefault,OpenVMSsensesthespecifictypeofmedia.'IfyouHOareworkingwith dual-format media-mediathatusesbothDO5theODS-2andISO-9660formatsonthesameCD-ROM-NOthenMOUNTwillfirstdetectandthendefaulttotheODS-2QOformat.(Ifyouwishtooverridethisand explicitlymountthe5O>mediausing ISO-9660,usethecommand:EO$&MOUNT/MEDIA_FORMAT=CDROMJdevice-name[:]%[volume-label]WmNOInmostcircumstances,youwillnotneednorwillyouwantGOtoincludeanexplicit /MEDIA_FORMATspecification.)ForGO5further information,pleaserefertotheOpenVMSMOUNTIOUtilityManual.+ Particularlynotethe informationonthe3OMOUNT /MEDIA_FORMATand/UNDEFINED_FATO> qualifiers. FOTheMOUNT/UNDEFINED_FAT qualifierisofinterestbe-IOcauseISO-9660mediacanbemasteredonawidevarietyKO5of operatingsystem platforms,andthese platformsdonotNO necessarilysupportthe semanticsneededforfiles containingCO predefinedrecordformats.)The/UNDEFINED_FATallowsPO>youtospecifythedefault attributesforfilesaccessedfrom0OvolumesusingtheISO-9660format.F !tories.+Inthe top-level directorywillbeafilewiththefileHOtypePCSI$DESCRIPTIONthat specifieswherevariousfiles4Oshouldgo.(Formoredetails,seethea POLYCENTERSoftware8OH Installation Developer'sGuideforOpenVMSsH,whichcanbeGOfoundintheOpenVMS documentationonthe Consolidated(OOnline DocumentationCD-ROM.NMO sDO5.8BWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust(added?EOWhenaddingmemorytoanOpenVMSsystem,oneshouldFOcheckforanexisting definitionofthe PHYSICALPAGES7O^(OpenVMSVAX)orPHYSICAL_MEMORY(OpenVMS>OAlpha) parameterintheSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATTO parameter database,useatexteditortoresetthevalueintheOOhfiletothenewcorrectvalueas required,andthenperform"Othe followingcommand:;O $&@SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN%GETDATA%REBOOT%FEEDBACKFOThisAUTOGENcommandwillresetvarioussystemparam-MOetersbasedonrecentsystemusage (FEEDBACK),anditwillHOUresetthevalueforthe PHYSICALPAGES parametertotheDOnewvalue.'ItwillalsoreboottheOpenVMSsystem.! W8O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanalsoLObeusedto deliberatelylowertheamountofmemoryavail-RO5ableforusebyOpenVMS.ThisabilitycanbeusefulinafewMOspecificcircumstances,suchastestingthe behaviourofanOO applicationinasystem environmentwitha particular(lower)0O>amountofsystemmemory available.5  ?O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanbesettoJO-1(onOpenVMSAlpha)or(betterandsimpler)theentryIO5canberemovedfromthe MODPARAMS.DATfile,toindicate9Othatall availablememoryshouldbeused. ONP wiMO5.9BHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?IOUThetext translationsofthenumericUserIdentificationMOCode(UIC)arebasedon identifierspresentintheOpenVMSNO rightslist.+ Documentationonthisareaisincludedinthe_8O^GuidetoOpenVMSSystem Security_manual.0NOTocontrolthe identifiersshownforauser'sUIC,youuseIO AUTHORIZE.Eachuserhasan associatedgroup identifier,PO5andan identifierspecifictotheuser.)AndeachusershouldOhaveauniqueUIC. ROToalterthetextofauserorgroup identifier,usecommandsOsuchas:&Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE4OUAF>& rename/ident% oldgroupid& newgroupid2OUAF>& rename/ident% olduseridK newuseridPOIfyoushouldfindyourselfmissingan identifierforapar-MOticularuser,youcanaddonefortheuser'sUICusingaO5commandsuchas:;OUAF>& add/ident/value=uic=[group,user]& newuserid5XMOTheUICuser identifiertextisassignedwhentheusernameOOiscreated,andisthetextofthe username.*TheUICgroupOO5group identifierisassignedwhenthefirstusernameiscre-QOatedintheUICgroup,andthetextisbasedontheaccountOOname specifiedforthefirstusercreatedinthegroup.*TheNO>valueofthis identifieris [groupnumber,177777].*ToaddaFOmissinggroup identifier,useanasteriskasfollows:9OUAF>&add/ident/value=uic=[group,*]& newgroupid-! OOYoumayfindcaseswherean identifierismissingfromtimeSOtotime,astherearecaseswherethecreationofaUICgroupNO5name identifiermightconflictwithanexisting username,orROauser identifiermightconflictwithanexistinggroupidenti-NOfier.(Whenthese conflictsarise,the AUTHORIZEutilitywillNO>notcreatethe conflictinggroupand/oruser identifierwhen%Otheusernameiscreated.9 LOYoucancanaddandremoveuser-specified identifiers,butHOyoushouldavoidchangingthenumericvalues associatedNO5withanyexisting identifiers.*YoushouldalsoavoidreusingMOUICsor identifierswhenyouaddnewusers,asanyexist-ROing identifiersthatmightbepresentonobjectsinthesystemSO>fromtheolduserwillgrantthesameaccesstothenewuser.;OPleaseseethesecuritymanualfordetails.{7P%OQkAAO5.10CWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths?   >O5.10.1COpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)PathsO#From&V1.0,&kyou&can%upgrade&to&V1.5.$OFrom&V1.5,&or& V1.5-1H1,&you&can%upgrade&to&V6.1.OCFrom&V6.1,&you&can%upgrade&to&V6.2. OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&you&can%upgrade&to&V7.0.8OcFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%or%V7.0,&you&can%upgrade&to&V7.1.OFrom&V6.2,C:you&can%update%to% V6.2-1H1,& V6.2-1H2,%or% V6.2-1H3.GOFrom&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%V7.1,% V7.1-1H(1,2),&or&V7.2,to%V7.2-1.%OFrom&V6.2,&...%or%V7.2,!Zto% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.?OFrom&V7.1,&you%can%update&to& V7.1-1H(1,2),%...!to% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.@O2From&V7.3,&V7.2-2,% V7.2-1H1,&V7.2-1,%and&V7.1-2,8zyou&can%upgrade&to&V7.3-1%or%to%V7.3-2.OFrom&V7.3-1,6 you&can%upgrade&to&V7.3-2%or%to%V8.2.ORFrom&V7.3-2,&you&can%upgrade&to&V8.2.KO5SometypicalOpenVMSAlphaupgrade(orupdate)pathsare:JOV1.0&->&V1.5%->%V6.1%->%(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)DO V1.5-1H1%->%V6.1&->&(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OJ V6.2&->&V6.2-1H3O V6.2&->&V7.2-1O V6.2&->&V7.3"O! V6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.1$Oi V6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.2-1O V7.1&->&V7.1-2O V7.1&->&V7.2-1"OA  V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.1-2"O  V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.2-1O V7.1-2%->%V7.3-1O V7.2&->&V7.2-1H1$Oa V7.2&->&V7.3%->%V7.3-1%O V7.2-1%->%(V7.3,&V7.3-1).O V7.2-2%->%(V7.3,&V7.3-1,%V7.3-2)%O9 V7.3&->&(V7.3-1,&V7.3-2)%O V7.3-1%->%(V7.3-2,%V8.2)O V7.3-2%->%V8.24  LONotethatOpenVMSAlphaV7.0doesnotincludesupportforIOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirst supportedinOpenVMSHO5Alpha V6.2-1H1, V6.2-1H2,or V6.2-1H3;onemustupgrade-OtoOpenVMSVAXV7.1,orlater.v  LKOOnecannotupdatedirectlytoaV6.2-1HxLimitedHardwareLORelease(LHR)fromanyreleasepriortothebaselineV6.2KO5release.*Thesame prohibitionholdsfor performingupdatesNOdirectlytoV7.1-1Hxfromanyreleasepriorto V7.1-thisisPOnot supported,anddoesnotproducetheexpectedresults.'TheQO>LHRkitscan,however,bedirectlybootedandcanbedirectlyNO installed,withoutregardtoany operatingsystemthatmight-Obepresentonthetargetdisk.O %FOOpenVMSAlphaupdatesforLHRs(through V7.1-1Hx)re-GOquiretheuseof VMSINSTALfortheupdate.+TheseLHRSO5releasesusePCSIforthe installation,butnotfortheupdate.EONon-LHRreleasesusePCSIforinstallsand upgrades. GOOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforLHRsandBOforOpenVMSupgradesandforallOpenVMSECOkitJO5installations;V7.1-2andlateruseupgradesandnotup-?Odates.. VMSINSTALOpenVMSECOkits (updates)areGOnotusedonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater;priortoGO>V7.1-2,VMSINSTAL-basedECO(update)kitsareusedforOOpenVMS.W V-.O5.10.2COpenVMSI64UpgradePathsKO4OpenVMSI64V8.2isthefirst productionrelease.(OpenVMSHOI64V8.0andV8.1wereintendedforearlyadoptersofIOOpenVMSon Integrityservers,andarenot consideredto#O=be production releases.h>LOToutilizeOpenVMSI64V8.2,youmustperformafullin-IO stallationofV8.2..No supportedupgradepath(toV8.2)JO5is availablefromprevious releases;thereisnoupgradeLOfromOpenVMSI64E8.2,norfromtheearlierV8.1orV8.0O releases.9 MOFutureOpenVMSI64releasesareexpectedtoprovideatra-HOditional PCSI-basedupgradepathfrom specifiedpreviousHO5releasesofOpenVMSI64, analogoustothe long-standing2O traditionofOpenVMSAlpha upgrades. 7O5.10.3COpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePathsOO#From&V5.0%through%V5.4-3% inclusive,%one%can&upgrade%to%V5.5.MOkFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or% V5.5-2HW,&one%can%upgrade%to%V5.5-2.IOFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or%V5.5-2,%one%can&upgrade%to%V6.0.KOFrom&V5.5-2,% V5.5-2H4,&or&V6.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.1.>OCFrom&V6.0,&or&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.2.>OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.0.EOFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&or&V7.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.1.TOFrom&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.3&(with&VAXBACK%ECO&for%V6.1).;OSometypicalOpenVMSVAXupgradepathsare:FO:V5.x&->&V5.5%->%V6.0%->%V6.2&->&(V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OV5.5-2HW%->%V5.5-2GOV5.5-2,&or&V5.5-2H4&->&V6.1%->%(V6.2,&V7.0,&or&V7.1)?OV6.1&->&V6.1%with%VAXBACK&ECO%->%(V7.2,%V7.3)OZV6.2&->&V7.2OV6.2&->&V7.3NJONotethatOpenVMSVAXV6.0doesnotincludesupportforEOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirstaddedinOpenVMSEO5VAX V5.5-2H4,onemustupgradetoOpenVMSVAXV6.1. NFONotethatOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2HWisa pre-releasever-OOsionofV5.5-2.(AnysystemrunningitshouldbeupgradedtoO5V5.5-2,orlater.V! ,LOIfyouattemptadirectupgradefromOpenVMSVAXV6.1toMOV7.2orlaterwithouthavingfirstappliedtheVAXBACKECOOO5kittoyourV6.1system,youwillreceiveanerrormessage:DO%BACKUP-E-INVRECTYP,%invalid&record%type&in&save%set* KOandtheupgradewillfail.)AcquireandapplytheVAXBACKEOECOkitforOpenVMSVAXV6.1.(OpenVMSVAXV6.2andQO5laterdonotrequirean applicationofanECOforanupgradeOtoV7.2andlater.XV.;O5.10.4COpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePathsGO4RollingUpgradesrequiremultiplesystemdisks.,RollingEOupgradespermittheOpenVMSClustertoremainavail-LOablewhile individualsystemsarebeingupgradedtoanewO=OpenVMSrelease.q! GFOOpenVMSClusterrollingupgradesforbothOpenVMSVAXLOandOpenVMSAlphamay(will)have different,or additionalHO5upgrade requirements,andhave requirementsaroundwhichLOversionsofOpenVMScancoexistinaOpenVMSClusterthan!Owhatislistedhere. DOSeetheOpenVMSUpgradeand InstallationManualforIOthe particularrelease,andtheOpenVMSSoftwareProductGO5 DescriptionsforOpenVMSandforOpenVMSClustersoft-Oware:b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.! ZSOforfurtherdetailsontherollingupgrade,andforsupportin-KO formation.'The documentationforolderreleasesofOpenVMSFO5VAXincludesvariousplatform-specificmanuals,manualsOOthatinclude instructionsthatarespecificto installingand'O upgradingonthe platform.V V,9O5.10.5COpenVMSProductVersionandSupportg( InformationKOFor informationonPriorVersionSupport(PVS)andMatureLOProductSupport (including informationonsupportenddatesGO=forOpenVMSandvariouslayered products),pleasesee: `m.m$http://www.hp.com/hps/os/os_pvs.html `/%http://www.hp.com/hps/os/os_ovms.html `l'lhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/A KOFor informationonthe supportedandrequiredversionsofKOlayered products,andtheminimumrequiredlayeredproductMO5versionsforvariousconfigurations,pleaseseetheSoftware4ORolloutReport (SWROLL), availableat:kA `m6m,http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/os/swroll/x N5OFor additionalrelated information,seeSection2.6.1.* F?!NLOFor informationonthereleasehistoryofOpenVMS,includ-LOing informationonthecodenamesofvariousreleasesandO5themajor features:"d `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.html#RO Additionalreleasehistory information,aswellasavarietyofOOothertrivia,is availableintheVAX20th anniversarybook:u$q K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdf%! @O5.10.6COpenVMSAlphaandI64Upgrade TerminologyAO4OpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64usethe POLYCENTERQOSoftwareProductInstallUtility, occasionlyreferedtoasSPIUJOandrathermorecommonlyknownasPCSI.PCSIisacom-NO=ponentoftheOpenVMS operatingsystem,andis availableonouttoother customersofthebank.(Andthe behaviourpar-UOallelsthatofthepagefiledowntotheproblemsthata"runonNOthebank"cancauseforbanking customers.'(ThoughthereisCOHnodeposit insurance availableforpagefileusers.)-! NVOIfalloftherunning applicationstrytousethereservedspace,OOthesystemmanagerwillneedtoenlargethepagefileoradd/O5oneormore additional pagefules..! WKOTo determineifthepagefileis excessivelyovercommitted,DOwatchfor"doubleovercommitment"-whenthe reservableOO5space approachesthe negatationofthe availabletotalspace-SOandwatchthatthetotalamountoffreespace availableintheROpagefileremains adequate.'Ifeitherofthese situationsarises,6O> additionalpagefilestorageis required.`/! 6NO Additionalpagefile information:( Additional pagefilescantyp-FOicallybecreatedand connectedonarunningOpenVMSNO5system.(New processesandnew applicationswilltendtouseNOthenew pagefile,andexisting applicationscanbe restartedPOtomigrateoutofthemore congested pagefiles.) PagefilesareHO> generallynamed PAGEFILE.SYS,andmultiple pagefilesareNO generally configuredonseparatediskspindlestospreadtheOOpagingI/Oloadacrossthe availablediskstorage.'Whenmul-NOHtiple pagefilesarepresentonrecentOpenVMS versions,eachLOpagefilefileshouldbe configuredtobe approximatelythe7Osametotalsizeastheother pagefiles.0 NNOFor additional informationonpagefile operationsandrelatedCO commands,seethesystem managementand performanceDO5 managementmanualsintheOpenVMS documentationset.1EOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,thedisplayshavebeenJOchangedandthesenegativevaluesarenolongervisible.2RQS2 JO5.12CDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating'(OpenVMS?EOTheSoftwarePublicRolloutReportsforOpenVMSlistJOthecurrentandfuture availabilityofHPsoftwareprod-GO^uctsshippingontheOpenVMSSoftwareProductsLibraryDOkits(CDROMconsolidations)forOpenVMSAlphaand/orHOOpenVMSVAX. Specifically,therequiredminimumversions-Ohforproductsupportarelisted.Y3 /GO ComprehensivePublicRollout Information,listingprevi-NOousproductversionsaswellas currentlyshipping versions,QO5hasbeencompiledintoaseparatesetofreports.'TheproductIO informationisgroupedtoshow OperatingSystemsupport.4 TOYoumayormaynotbeabletouseolderversionsoflocalap-HO plications, third-party products,andvariousHPOpenVMSGO5layeredproductswithmorerecentversionsofOpenVMS.JO User-modecodeisexpectedtobeupward compatible.)CodeNO executingina privileged processormode-typicallyeitherex-KO>ecutiveorkernelmode-mayormaynotbe compatiblewith*OmorerecentOpenVMS versions.5eCOTheseSoftwareRollout(SWROLL)Reportsareupdated"O regularly.'Pleasesee:k6A `m6m,http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/os/swroll/l7B)OForrelated information,seeLSection2.6.1.*7LF?nSRT8 DO5.13CHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?MOUDismountthedisk,andmountit privately.-IfthediskisGOmountedbymorethanonenodeinanOpenVMSCluster,QOdismountitfromallothernodes.(IfthisdiskisanOpenVMSOO^systemdisk,shutdownallothernodesthatare bootstrappedOfromthisdisk.9WBOIssuetheSET VOLUME/LABELcommand, specifyingtheOnewlabel.::KOOnOpenVMSV6.0andlater,issuethe followingPCSIcom-MOmandtoresetthelabel informationstoredwithinthePCSI?O5databasetoreflectthenewdiskvolumelabel:9O$&PRODUCT%REGISTER%VOLUME& old-label%device;LOLocateany referencesinthesystemstartup (typicallyin-DOcludingthediskMOUNT commands)andany DISK$labelKO5 referencesin applicationfiles,andchangethe referencesOappropriately.5< WOIfthisisasystemdisk(forthehostorfora satellite),alsoAOchecktheDECnetMOPorLANCPboot database,asIO5wellasany referencestothediskcreatedbyCLUSTER_OCONFIG *.COM.4= NOIfCompaqAnalyzeisinuse,checkthesystemstartuppro-JOceduresfortheCompaqAnalyzetool.,CertainversionsofGO5CompaqAnalyzewillrecordspecificdiskvolumelabels+Owithinthestartup procedures.V>,,ORemountthediskappropriately. T SUa?w7;O5.14CHowcanIsetupashared directory?OOUTosetupashareddirectory-whereallfilescreatedintheLO directoryare accessibletothemembersof specifiedgroupLOof users-youcanuseanaccesscontrollist(ACL)andanO^ identifier.@WQOThe followingalsoshowshowtosetuparesource identifier,POwhichfurtherallowsthedisk resourcestobechargedtothePO5 specified identifierratherthaneach individualuser.)(IfyouQOdon'twantthis,thenomitthe attributesoptionontheiden-NOtifiercreationandomittheentryaddedinthediskquotaO> database.A!z>OAddan identifierusingthe AUTHORIZEutility:O5.16CDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics'( Controllers?KOThissectioncontains informationonvariousgraphicscon-MOtrollers supportedbyOpenVMSAlpha,and specificallyinfor-QO^mationonwhereandhowtoobtaindevicedriversforspecificKOearlyOpenVMS releases-devicedriversfor controllersareJO integratedintoandshippedwithOpenVMSAlpha,butver-QOhsionsofthesedevicedriversare sometimesmade availablefor/OspecificearlierOpenVMS releases.N,O5.16.1CTheELSAGLoriaSynergyCO4OnOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2,V7.2,andV7.2-1,acquireHOthe appropriateGRAPHICSPCSIkit,andall prerequisiteOOpenVMSECOkits:O `m*mVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlater `)VMS72_GRAPHICS-V0100orlater `l*lVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlaterP f=OThe ELSA GLoria Synergy is the PBXGK-BB;theBO PowerStorm3D10T.PleaseensureyouhavethemostJO5currentECOsforthisandothergraphics controllersin-POstalled;checkforandinstallthecurrentGRAPHICSkit.'(SeeOSection4.2.25forsome unexpectedlyrelated details.)*PO?]QGOOnOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,thefiles necessaryforthisKOgraphics controllerarelocatedinthe distributionCD-ROMO5 directory:#ODISK$ALPHA0721:[ELSA.KIT]iR??OAlsocheckforany available(later)ECOkits.mSCIOAnearlierkit(ALP4D20T01_071)(forV7.1, V7.1-1H1,andKO V7.1-1H2)wasonce available,buthasbeen supercededandOO5isnot recommended.(UseofV7.1-2orlater(anduseofoneMOtheaboveGRAPHICSkitsas required)is typicallythebestO approach.T! fLOOpenVMSV7.2-2andlatermainlinereleasesdirectlysupportOthe controller.U {QO Additional informationis availableintopics(3419)and(5448)*OintheAskTheWizardarea:cV9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/WNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*W|?XyMOSupportfortheELSAGLoriaSynergyis integratedintoall,OcurrentOpenVMSAlpha releases.Y3O5.16.2C PowerStorm300, PowerStorm350>O4The PowerStorm 300is the PBXGD-AC,whilethe-O PowerStorm350isthe PBXGD-AE.Z! NFOForsupportofthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350ROgraphics controllers,acquireandinstallthe following availableO5ECOkits:P[&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2:\  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlaterP]&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1:^  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlater_ NGOSupportforthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350se-MOriesgraphics controllersis integratedintocurrentOpenVMSO5Alpha releases. `5O5.16.3C PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D209O4 PowerStorm3D30 (PBXGB-AA), PowerStorm4D20FO (PBXGB-CA) informationis availableinAskTheWizard+Otopics includingtopic(2041):ca9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/bNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*b|?c O5.16.4CRadeon7500HO4InstallthecurrentGRAPHICSECOkitforOpenVMSAlphaNOV7.2-2orV7.3-1forsupportoftheRadeon7500seriesPCI*OandAGPgraphics controllers.@d SOSupportforthis controller(withoutanECOkit)isfirstinte-LOgratedintoand availableinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2.'(PleaseEO5doalwaysinstallthemostcurrentGRAPHICSECOkit2Owheneveroneis available, however.)XWY5r5  @O5.18CHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?MOUTomovethelocationofthequeue database,the SYS$QUEUE_.OMANAGER.QMAN$QUEUES and! SYS$QUEUE_HOMANAGER.QMAN$JOURNALfiles,toadiskthatis fast(er),TO^hasplentyoffreespace,andthatisnotheavilyused.*IftheNOqueuedatabaseisona(busy)OpenVMSsystemdisk,youcanNOandprobablyshouldmoveitoffthesystemdisktoanotherOhdiskspindle.Ss))OTomovethequeue database:Nt R $QOm1.J Checkpointthejournalfile.)ThisreducesthefilesizetoHthe in-memorydatabasesize.)Thiswillcausethenoteddelay.($&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:JBC$COMMAND" JBC$COMMAND>%DIAG%0&7'Ok2.JStopthequeuemanager'$&STOP/QUEUE/MANAGER/CLUSTER;Oo3.JBackupthe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL;filesfromthepresentlocationforsafety.Lm$&backup%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*K DISK:[DIR]KO4.JCreateanew directoryforthequeue database.+InsureOEthatthisdiskis accessibletoallnodesthatcanruntheKqueuemanager.'Ifthe/ONlistforthequeuemanageris"/ON=( *F)",thediskmustbe availabletoallnodesintheOcluster)$& CREATE/DIR%fast_disk:[qman]9OS5.JCopythe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL(filestothenew directoryP0$&copy%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*Jfast_disk:[qman]0O6.JDeletetheoldqueue database.B4 $&DELETE%-SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*;*LO 7.JRestartthequeuemanagerpointingtothenewlocation29 $&START/QUEUE/MANAGER%fast_disk:[qman] YXZu! mHO5.19CHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)'(process?QO``Undeleteable''jobsareusually``undeleteable''forareason-TOthiscantrackbackto insufficientprocessquotas,toakernel-OO^modeerrorinOpenVMSora third-partydevicedriver,ortoOotherodd problems.v aLOThese undeletablejobs typicallybecomeofinterestbecauseOOtheyareholdingontoa particularresource(eg:*tapedrive,PO5diskdrive,communicationswidget)thatyouneedtouse...(IfNOthe particulardevicesupports firmware,ensurethatthede-MOvicefirmwareiscurrent-TQK50 controllersareknownforLO>thiswhenworkingwithold firmware.)(That,andtheinfa-LOmous "MUA4224"firmwarebug.)(IfthisdevicehasadriverOOECOkit available,acquireandapplyit...+Ifthe particularLOHrelevanthost componenthasanECO,acquireandapplyit.5w  QOUsefultoolsincludeSDA(toseewhatmightbegoingon)andHODECamds(whichincreaseandthus potentiallyfixquota-KO5related problems).,(nb:+ Applicationswithquotaleakswill'O obviouslynotstayfixed.)x dJOIfthestuck applicationisBACKUP,ensureyouhavetheLOcurrentBACKUPECOandaredirectly followingtheV7.1orNO5(better)V7.2orlaterprocessquotarecommendationsforop-AOeratorBACKUP accounts.'QuotadetailsareintheOpenVMS#OSystem Manager'sManual (.y LOIfthefirmwareandECOlevelsarecurrent,thebestap-MOproachistotakeasystem crashdump,andpassacopyofLO5thedumpfilealongtowhomeveris maintainingthedeviceMOdriverforthe particulardevice/widget/driver involved,withTOanydetailsonhowyougotintothis situation.&(Therebootin-KO>volvedwithtakingthe crashdumpwill obviouslycleartheO problem.)zvGOTherewassome kernel-modecode (typicallyforOpenVMSKOVAX)thatcanresetthedevice ownershipfield,butthatKO5israther obviouslyonlyaninterim solution-therealfixPOisavoidingthelossoftheIRP,theprocessquotaleak,orIOwhateverelseis"jammingup"this particular process...ZY[p{! wF8O5.20CHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?TOUThesystemrebootistheonly supported approach,butitisob-POviously undesirableinvarioussituations-thereis presentlynoMO supported mechanismtoreseterrorcountsoncetheerror(s)O^havebeenlogged.| }LOAsforan unsupported approach-andbeawareofthepoten-1Otialforcausingasystemcrash...^} 4OOToresettheerrorcount,oneneedsto determinethesystemSOaddressoftheerrorcountfield.+Foradevice,thisisatanNO5offsetwithinthedevice'sUCB structure.(OnVAX,thefieldJOisatanoffset symbolicallydefinedas UCB$W_ERRCNT.OnNOAlpha,thisfield'soffsetis symbolicallydefinedasUCB$L_QO>ERRCNT.Theformerisawordinsize;thelatterisalong-OOword.)(CoulditbethatAlphadevicesaremoreerrorprone? O;)~ KOYounowneedtolocatethesystemaddressoftheUCB$%_LOERRCNTfieldofthedeviceyouwishtoreset.*EnterSDA.UO5Inthe following,youwillsee designationsin{} separatedbyaTO/.*ThefirstiteminbracesistobeusedontheVAXandtheLOseconditemshouldbeusedonanAlpha.&(ie.& {VAX/Alpha})Ok$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM=OSDA>KREAD&'SYS${SYSTEM/LOADABLE_IMAGES}:SYSDEF.STBVOSDA>KSHOW&DEVICE%!%device& designation&of&device%with&error.OBSDA>KEVALUATE%UCB+UCB${W/L}_ERRCNT3OHex%=%hhhhhhhhpDecimal%=% -dddddddddd* UCB+offsetj@@ORecordthe hexadecimalvalue 'hhhhhhhh' returned.! zFOYoucannowexitfromSDAand$RUNSYS$SHARE:DELTABOordowhatIprefertodo,issuethe following:+OaSDA>&SPAWN&RUN%SYS$SHARE:DELTA! IOOnbothVAXandAlpha,theDELTAdebuggerwillbein-QOvokedandwillident-ifyitself.*OnAlpha,therewillbeanLO5Alpha instructiondecoded.'Forthose unfamiliarwithDELTA,LOitdoesnothaveapromptandonlyoneerror message-Eh?LO(Well,forsakeof argument,theremightbeanothererrorNO>producedontheconsoleifyou'renot careful-aka.)asystemOcrash!)g==OIfyouareonaVAX,enterthecommand:&[Wf<O>Regroupandseewhereyoursessionwentawry.UL +LOIfyouenteredyouraddress correctlyandtheerrorcountMOwasreturnedasinthe followingexample,youcanproceed. Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001&Oa!&output%on%VAX1%error$O00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001(O!&output%on%AlphaJ1%error KOYoucannowZAPtheerrorcountbyenteringazeroand5Otypingacarriagereturn.&Forexample:#Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001&0 '  *M_ return *M w &a!%output%on%VAX1%error'O00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001%0 u  uM return M u (!%output%on%AlphaK1%errorlBBONowtypethecommandEXITandacarriagereturn.X..OAlternatively,rebootthesystem.R[Z\8EO5.21CHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports'( compression?FOForvarious SCSI-basedMK-classmagnetictapedevices:?O2$& Devdepend2%=%#F$GETDVI("$n$MKcxxx:","DEVDEPEND2")$Oz$&Comp_sup&=% %X00200000$O$&Comp_ena&=% %X00400000?O $&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_sup).EQ.Comp_sup%THEN%-5RWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression% supported"?O$&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_ena).EQ.Comp_ena%THEN%-3WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression%enabled"\ []! IO5.22CCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To'(Alpha?DOTheformatofthe SYSUAF.DAT, RIGHTSLIST,andasso-IOciatedfilesareupward-compatible,and compatibleacrossBO^OpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlphasystems.*(Thiscom-NO patibilityisaabasic requirementof mixed-versionOpenVMSGOClusterconfigurationsandOpenVMS upgrades-forspecificLOhsupport information,pleaseseetheOpenVMSClusterrollingHOupgradeand mixed-versionrequirements.)+Thatsaid,it'sLOthecontentsoftheSYSUAFand RIGHTSLISTfilesthatwill(Ormakethismore interesting.G! JOThesamebasicsteps necessaryformoving RIGHTSLISTandPOSYSUAFfilestoanothernodearerathersimilartothestepsKO5involvedinmergingthesefilesinanOpenVMS Cluster-seeKOtheappendixoftheOpenVMSCluster documentationforde-ROtailsofmergingfiles.'(YoumightnotbemergingthecontentsOO>oftwo(ormore)files,butyouare effectivelymergingtheLOcontentsofthefilesintothetargetsystem environment.)COConsiderations: zt `mBm applicationsoftenholdSYSUAFor RIGHTSLISTopen,Mmeaningasystemrebootisoftenthebestwaytoactivatenewfiles. `Athemeaningsofthe RESTRICTEDandCAPTIVEflagsEsettingsontheUAFentrieshavechangedovertime. `vEvthenew NET$PROXY.DATfilethatis initiallycreatedFbasedonthecontentsofthe NETPROXY.DATduringthe@'OpenVMSVAXV6.1upgradeandduringtheOpenVMSIAlphaV6.2upgrade.+Thisfileis maintainedinparallelwith NETPROXY.DAT. `WEWthe RIGHTSLIST identifiervaluesandUICvaluesthatHendup scatteredaroundthetargetsystemmustbera-H tionalizedwiththecontentsofthenew RIGHTSLISTandaSYSUAFfiles.! wJOThe lattermostcase-resolvingthe identifier values-isof-QOtenthemost interestingand difficultpart.*IfyoufindthatJO5an identifiervalue(or identifiername)fromthesourceLO RIGHTSLISTcollideswiththatofan identifierexistingonROthetargetsystem,youmustfirst determineifthetwoidenti-RO>fiersperformthesame function.'Inmostcases,theywillnot.UOAssuch,youwillhavetofindandchanceall referencestotheMO identifiervalue(s)(orname(s))toresolvethe "collision".Q 'POIfyou encountera collision,changingbothofthe identifierQObinaryvalues(ornames)involvedinthe collisiontonewandKO5uniquevaluescanpreventsecurityproblemsifyoushouldNOmissacoupleof identifiersembedded somewhereonthetar-KOgetsystemduringthewhole conversionprocess-ratherthanLO>thewrong alphanumericvalueforthe identifierbeingdis-QOplayed,you'llsimplyseethebinaryformatforthe identifierOO displayed,andno particularaccesswillbegranted.)AndanyFOHDCLcommandsorsuchthat referencetheoldalphanu-MOmericnamewillfail,ratherthansilently(and potentially#O erroneously) succeeding._ 5OOSimilar requirementsexistforUICvalues,asthesetootendQOtobe scatteredalloverthesystem environment.(Likethebi-MO5nary identifiervalues,youwillfindUICvalues associatedHOwithdisks,ACLs,queues,andvariousother structures.WyHOForalistofthevariousfilessharedinanOpenVMSJOClusterandthatcanbeinvolvedwhen relocatinganen-DO5 vironmentfromonenodetoanother(ormergingen-DO vironmentsintoanOpenVMS Cluster),pleaseseethe@OSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEfileincludedinOpenVMSV7.2O>andlater releases.Q 'OO Procedurestoextractthecontentsofa (potentiallycorrupt)JOqueuedatabaseareprovidedontheOpenVMSFreeware(V5)JO5andcanbeusedtocombinetwoqueue databasestogetherDOwhile shufflingfilesbetweenOpenVMSClusterhosts.! NROForrelated discussionsof splittingaclusterintotwoorforTOremovinganodefromcluster (politicaldivorce,etc),seetopicsNO5(203),(767),(915)andothersintheAskTheWizardarea:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?]\^?O5.23CHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?DOUThereisnosuchcommand integratedwithinOpenVMS,LOthoughthereare (optional)timers availablewithincertainNOterminalserversandsimilardevices,andthereisaninte-GO^grated time-of-day mechanismthatprovidescontrolover.OwhenausercanaccessOpenVMS.~aTHOAsfor availabletools,thereareDECUS, freeware,andNO third-partytoolsknown variouslyas``idleprocess killers''LO5(IPK)or ``terminal timeout'' programs,aswellasvariousDOothernames.-Examplesinclude:-SaigaSystemsHitman,HO Watchdog,MadGoatWatcher(viatheMadGoatsiteortheAO>OpenVMS Freeware),Kblock,the NetworkingDynamicsOOtoolknownas Assassin,andtheZaptool.+Also availableisAOtheXLNperformancesystem managementutility,fromOH XLNsystems.tJJOArelatedpackage(for DECwindows sessions)is xtermlock.NMOIfthe forgetfulusersareinan applicationmenuenviron-MOment,themenucan potentiallybeextendedtoprovidethisO5 capability.^]_ MO5.24CDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)tool?HOUDECeventandHP(Compaq)Analyzeare availabletocus-IOtomerswithsupport contracts.,ThePAKisrequiredonlyLOfortheadvanced functionsof DECevent,thebasicbits-to-PO^text translationoftheerrorlogdoesnotrequirealicenseJOPAK.Ignoretheprompt,inotherwords.*(ThePAKshouldOObe availabletoyouifyouhaveahardwaresupportcontractMOhor warrantee,andthePAKenablestheuseoftheadvancedNOerroranalysisand notification capabilitieswithin DECevent.)_MOPleaseseethe followingwebsitefordetailsand downloads:OAnalyze)f< `m1m'http://www.compaq.com/support/svctools/_^`f! <DO5.25C INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?POUAchangewasmade(backin1988)to(asitwasthenknown)COVAX/VMSV5.1-1thataddedsupportforthethen-newLOANSI X3.27-1987magnetictapelabel standard.(PriortotheLO^ANSI X3.27-1987 standard,thedatefieldintheANSIHDR1NOrecordpermitsdatesonlyasfarastheendofYear1999.IOWithANSI X3.27-1987,datesthroughYear1999anddates6OhfromYears2000to2099are permitted.! [@OVersionsofINIT.EXEand MTAACP.EXEfromVAX/VMSOOreleasespriortoV5.1-1will potentiallyhaveproblemsprop-HO5erly processingANSImagnetictapeswhenY2KandlaterGOdatesare involved-theDCL INITIALIZEcommandisknown=Oto encounteraccess violation(ACCVIO)errors. UOOThe available solutionsinclude upgrades,orsettingthedateOOback.*DirectinitializationofthetapewiththenewheadersTO5(via$qio)isalsoclearly possible,thoughthe limitationwithinHOtheold MTAACP.EXEmagtapeACPimageisnotnearlysoOeasytobypass.`_aIw=O5.26CHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?EOUPriortoOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX?O releases,VIRTUALPAGECNTand PGFLQUOTAlimittheLOamountofvirtualaddressspacethatis availabletoeachO^process.KOFurtherlimitingtheamountofaddressspaceisthesizeFOofsystemspace(S0andS1space).-OnOpenVMSAlphaJO5versionspriortoV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX releases,6OVIRTUALPAGECNTand MAXPROCESSCNTtogetherQO determinethesizeofthepagetabledata structuresthatoc-LO>cupylargetractsofsystemspace.)WhennosystemvirtualSOaddressspaceis availableforthestuffthatneedsit-thisin-KOcludesthepagetables, non-pagedpool,andvariousother?OHstructures-thenthevaluesofVIRTUALPAGECNTand/O MAXPROCESSCNTcannotbe increased.f! <OOInOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater,thepagetabledatastruc-POtureshavebeenmovedoutofS0andS1spaceandintopageNO5tablespace.'InOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater,certainlargeKOdata structuresfoundin non-pagedpool(eg:)lockmanage-JOment structures)havebeenmovedinto64-bitspace,thusMO>freeinguproomin non-pagedpoolandinS0andS1spaceJO(where non-pagedpoolresides)whilealso permittingmuch#Olargerdata structures.,a`b! KQO5.27CHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom initiating'(alogin?6OInSYSTARTUP_VMS.COM,issuethecommand:7O2$&SET%TERMINAL/NOTYPEAHEAD/PERMANENT%ddcu: LOThiswillpreventany unsolicitedterminalinputonddcu:,HOandthis unsolicitedinputiswhattriggers JOB_CONTROLEO5tostartupLOGINOUTonthe terminal.)OnceLOGINOUTSOstartsupontheserialline,youcansee interesting behaviourKO(eg:+audits,process creations,etc)asLOGINOUTtriestoPO>"chat"withwhateverdeviceishookedontotheremoteendof&Otheserialterminalline.bac= )EO5.28CHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?JOUThe(undocumented)buildidentfieldinanOpenVMSAlphaTOimageheaderis16byteslong,andisusedasacountedstringSOof0-15 characters(ie,asan.ASCICstring,astringwiththeNO^ charactercountinbyte0)andwas originally introducedtoHOprovide informationforuseby VMSINSTALpatchkitstoGO determinewhetheranimageshouldbereplacedornot. k}:OStarting with!OpenVMS Alpha!V7.1-2,"OpenVMSJO EngineeringusesthePCSIutilitytopackageandinstallJO5ECOkitsforOpenVMS.PCSIusesthe generation attributeQO(a32-bitunsignedinteger) specifiedforfilesintheproductSO descriptionfile(PDF)ofaPCSIkitasthebasisforperform-PO>ingfileconflict detectionand resolution.)WhenaproductisPO installed,PCSImodifiesthebuildidentfieldofAlphaimageMOheaderstostoreanencodedformofthe generationnumber.WOHItalsolooksatthebuildidentfieldof previously installedim-OOagestoobtainthe generation informationforthosefilesasOOinputtothefileconflict processing algorithm.)(Onlyimages)ORhavethisfield, obviously.)oROPCSI interpretsthebuildidentfieldofa previously installedOimageasfollows:B `mOmifthestringlengthis15,the5th characterisahyphen,Kandthelastten charactersareatendigitnumberwithMleadingzeros,thenthelastten charactersaretreatedas'wavalid generationnumber. `IforV7.1-2throughV7.2-1, inclusive,iftheabovetestJOfails,the informationisobtainedfromthePCSIproduct database. `'D'inreleasesafterV7.2-1andwithcurrentPCSIECONkits,iftheabovetestfails,aninvalid generationnumberJistreatedas 0000000000sothattheECOkitwillsim-E0plyreplacetheimageratherthanassumingthePCSI"databaseisinerror. ySOSo,whatwillyouseeintheimageidentification displayedvia&Othe ANALYZE/IMAGEcommand?KOForanimagethathasbeenbuiltaspartofanOpenVMSNO Engineeringsystembuild,youwill generallyseeabuildIDGO5stringintheformat"X6TE-SSB-0000"-X6TEisthebuildFOnumberfortheOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1release.-ThisidJOformatisusedwithintheOpenVMSsystembuild,andcanNO> generallyonlybeseen associatedwithimagesthathavenot*Oyetbeen processedviaPCSI.2 PODuringthe installationofV7.2-1,PCSIwillmodifytheimageKOheadertohaveabuildidentstringof"X6TE-0050120000".OO5During installationofanECOkit containingthisimagewithJOa generationnumberof 50130052,forexample,PCSIwouldLO determinethat50130052isgreaterthan 50120000,andwillRO>replacetheexistingimageonthetargetdiskwiththeversion6OoftheimageincludedintheECOkit.[ cbdMw#EO5.29CHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is'( installed?NOThereis unfortunatelyno consistentnorsinglewaytomakePOthisdetermination-thisisoneofthereasonsthatamoveto,O^PCSI installationsis underway.! ?OOnOpenVMSAlpha,youcanuseVMSINSTAL.HISTORYAOandPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCTto determinewhatpack-MO5ageshavebeen installedviathe VMSINSTALandPCSItools,O respectively. IOToseewhichOpenVMSAlphaECOkitshavebeenapplied,DOlookinVMSINSTAL.HISTORYonOpenVMSAlphapriortoNOTES.Again,thisapproachisNOT reliable:)somekitsdoJOnotprovidereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswillin-QOstallonlythereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswilldeletePOHreleasenotes,andreleasenotesformultipleversionscanbeOpresent. NFOOnmost packages,youcan generallyuse ANALYZE/IMAGEROononeofthecoreimages,lookingattheimageidentificationMO5area.'Someoftheproduct-specific mechanisms availableare: `m)mDQS DQS$VERSIONlogicalname `C CC/VERSION `llC++ CXX/VERSION `/TCP/IPTCPIPSHOWVERSIONcommand&dcen@O5.30CWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor'(OpenVMS?&REPORT%ddcu: hgiJO5.34CHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora'(newprinter?HOTo customizeDCPSforan otherwise unsupportedprinter,2Oyoucantrythe following sequence:c 9 `mFmExtractthemostclosely-associatedsetupmodulesfromDtheexistingdevicecontrollibrary,DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB.I(For instance,youcanprobablyextractandusetheHPKwLaserJet4000series definitionsfortheHPLaserJet4050Lseries.)Eachprinterwillvary,pleaseconsulttheprinter<( documentationfor specificsandrequirements.) `Grenameeach extractedsetupmoduletoacorresponding:,LPS$$UNRECOGNIZED_* `FInsertallofthe above-renamedsetupmodulesintoaI newly-createddevicecontrollibraryspecifictothenew]printer:#$&LIBRARY/TEXT/CREATE%-.i)$SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]HP4050_DEVCTL.TLBiqLPS$$UNRECOGNIZED*! .@WTheaboveassumesthefilenameHP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,alteras required. `/B/SetupyourDCPSstartup procedurestoincludea/ search-listlogicalnamesuchas:8 $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&DCPS_HP4050_LIBJ-+iTSYS$LIBRARY:HP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,&-%iSYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB `8Supply DCPS_HP4050_LIB as the library pa-Etrameterinthequeuestartupforthisprinter,this=is theP3 parametertothe command procedure/%%SYS$STARTUP:DCPS$EXECUTION_QUEUE.COM. `EThe HP4050_DEVCTLlibrarymay/willneedtoberecre-Hatedandmodules re-editedandreplacedwitheachDCPSIVupgrade, particularlyifanymodulesareupdatedintheKoriginallibrary.*Youwillalsowantto determineiftheJupgradedversionofDCPSdirectlysupportsthe particular_printer. `FTo customizethe processingoffile extensionswithinK7DCPS(toenableordisablegraybaroutput,for instance),/usethe information availablein:?5SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DAT_DEFAULT!f/Otocreateyourownsite-specific:7O-SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DATU+OAlsosee}Section5.15.*}F?Hihj=O5.35CWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOWDEVICE '(mountcountsdiffer?COMOUNTCNTreturnsthelocalmountcount,whileSHOW;ODEVICEreturnsthe cluster-widemountcount.kjlnIO5.37CHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?COUYoucannotPRODUCTREMOVEaPCSIpatch(ECO)kit." KOInordertoremoveanECOkit,PCSIwouldhavetohavePOcopiesofalltheotherversionofthefilesfromallotherJO5patchesandproductsthat previouslywere installed.+ThisKOcanclearlyinvolvealargenumberoffilesandalargeSOarchiveofoldfileversionsanda substantialquantityofdiskTO>space.(Whileremovalisclearly theoretically possible,itisnot!O currently implemented. aLOThe followingisthe supported mechanismtoremoveaPCSIOpatchkit. p?Om1.JExecuteaPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCT product-name.C/FULLcommand.(The``maintenance''column(132col-Humnwidth)showsthepatchesthathavebeen installed.+wKeepacopyofthislisting.JO2.JAcquirekitsforallofthe maintenancekitslisted.LOv3.J Re-installthepriorFULLversionoftheproduct.*ThisIwillremoveallpatchkits,settingtoproductbackto ' "original" condition.RO4.J Re-installallthepatchesinthelistfromstep1,exceptDthosepatcheswhichyouhave determinedyoudonotWwant.tJJOTheabove informationalsoappliestoPCSIPARTIALkits.lkm,F LOAD_PWD_POLICYandthe programmingconceptsman-FOual,andseetheexamplesinSYS$EXAMPLES:.) (ExamplesMOand documentationonV7.3andlaterreflectboth platforms,KOHtheexamplesarefoundonlyonOpenVMSVAXkitsonear-OOlier releases.)The capabilitieshaveexistedonboththeVAX7OandAlpha platformsforsometimenow.)! LOToverifycurrent passwords,youcanalsousea techniqueHOknowntosystemcrackersasthe "dictionary attack"-theFO5 mechanismthatmakesthisattacksomewhatmorediffi-IOcultonOpenVMSisthehashingschemeusedonOpenVMS,LOandthefile protectionsusedfortheSYSUAF authorizationKO> database.*Givena dictionaryofwordsandthe unprotectedNOcontentsoftheSYSUAFfile,asearchforobvious passwordsQOcanbe performed.'Interestingly,a "dictionaryattack"alsohasMOHthe unfortunate side-effectofexposingthepasswordtothePO user-whilethisisclearlythegoalofasystemcracker,au-JOthorized privilegedandnon-privilegedsystemusersshouldKORnotknownorhaveaccesstothe (cleartext) passwordsofOotherusers. bLO Accordingly,OpenVMSdoesnotstorethe cleartest password.HOFurther,OpenVMSusesapasswordhashing algorithm,notOO5an encryption algorithm.'Thismeansthatstorageofaclear-OOtextpasswordis deliberatedavoided,andthe cleartextvalueUOis deliberatelyvery difficulttoobtain.(ThehashisbasedonaMO>Purdy Polynomial,andthehashitselfincludes user-specificKOvaluesinadditiontothe password,valuesthatmaketheCOresultsofthepasswordhashuniquetoeachuser.1! RO Regardlessoftheuseofapasswordhashingscheme,ifacopyLOofyourpasswordfileshouldbecome availabletoasystemSO5cracker,youwillwanttoforcealluserstousenew passwordsO immediately.OOIfyoushouldrequireausertoverifya password,usetheNO username,theuser'ssaltvalue(thisvalueisacquiredviaJO5$getuai)andtheuser's specified cleartext password,andMOcomparethe resultinghashedvalue(usingacallto$hash_HO password)againstthesavedhashedpasswordvalue(thisLO>valuealsoacquiredvia $getqui).,Forreasonsof security,MOavoidsavinga cleartextpasswordvalueinanydatafiles,FOanddonotmaintainthe cleartextpasswordinmemoryMOHlongerthan required.)(Useof$ACMonV7.3-1andlaterisO recommended.)LOKerberosauthentication(clientandserver)is availableonEOOpenVMSV7.3andlater.- IntegrationofKerberossup-KO5portintovariousCompaqandinto third-partyproductsisO expected. NPOExternalauthenticationis availableinV7.3-1andlater,withJOsupportfor user-writtenexternalauthenticationinV7.3-2O5andlater.EGOIfyouaresimplylookingforOpenVMSaccessandtheLOSYSTEMandallother privileged passwordsare forgottenor7O5 otherwise unavailable,pleaseseesection5Section5.65and/or+OtheOpenVMS documentationset.*}?]LOAlsopleaseseetheC2 guidelinesintheOpenVMSsecurityOmanual.Zp9oqpFFO5.42CPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?R `(;O5.42.1CWhyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?OO4Ifyouareseeingmorefilesbackedupthan previously,youNOareseeingtheresultofachangethatwasmadetoensureCOBACKUPcanperformanincrementation restorationofRO=thefiles.*In particular,ifa directoryfile modificationdateOOchanges,allfiles underneathitareincludedintheBACKUP,OOinordertopermit incremental restorationshoulda directoryOGfilegetrenamed.; SO5.42.1.1BWhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?MO)Whena directoryisrenamed,themodifieddateischanged.NOWhenthe restorationneedstorestorethe directoryanditsRO contents,andthe restorationshouldnotresultintherestora-QO3tionoftheolder directorynamewhenaseriesof incremental@OBACKUPsare restored.-Thusan incrementalBACKUP@O operationneedstopickupallofthechanges.LOConsider performingan incremental restoration,totesttheDO procedures.,ThistestingwashowOpenVMS EngineeringLO5foundoutabouttheproblemthatwaslatentwiththeoldAOBACKUP selection scheme-theold incrementalBACKUPKOschemewouldhavemissed restoringanyfilesunderare-KO>named directory.)Hencethechangetothe selectionmecha-Onisms mentionedin'Section5.42.1.*'Z? EO5.42.1.2BCanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?FO)Yes,pleaseseethe/NOINCREMENTAL qualifier availableIOonrecentOpenVMSversions(andECOkits).,UseofthisMO qualifierinformsBACKUPthatyouareawareofthelimita-KO3tionsoftheoldBACKUP behaviouraround incrementaldiskO restorations.l VBEO5.42.2CWhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?HO4Usethe documentedcommandsinthemanualforperform-EOing incrementalBACKUPs.(Usethe documented incremen-MOtal procedures.(Don'ttrytouse incrementalcommandsina#O=non-incrementalcontext.C! DOAlsoconsider understandingandthenusing /NOALIAS,OOwhichwilllikelybeabiggerwinthanwillanythingtodoKO5withthe incrementalBACKUPs, particularlyonsystemdisks;Oandanyotherdiskswith directoryaliases.vLLOSeetheOpenVMSV6.2releasenotesfor additionaldetails.Mr>O5.42.3CWhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?4O4First,PLEASEREADTHEBACKUPMANUAL.i ??OSecond,PLEASEGETTHECURRENTBACKUPECOKIT.U=OThird,PLEASESETTHEPROCESSQUOTASPERTHEODOCUMENTATION.T*IOBACKUPhasaverycomplex interface,andtherearenu-COmerouscommandexamplesand extensiveuserdocumen-LO5tation available.*Forasimpleruser interfaceforBACKUP,COpleaseseethe documentationfortheBACKUP$MANAGEROtool.mCCOAsforrecentBACKUPchanges, oddities,bugs,etc: !  `mFmAchangemadeinOpenVMSV6.2WILLcausemorefilesGtobeincludedintoa file-basedBACKUPsavesetusingC /SINCE=BACKUPasallfiles underneathany directoryMwwitha sufficientlyrecent (selected)datewillbeincludedMinthesaveset.&Thischangewas deliberateand intentional,G(andwasmandatedbytheneedtoprovidea functional# incremental restoration.*JWWithoutthe inclusionoftheseapparently-extrafiles,anA incrementalsavesetcanNOTbereliably restored. `/@/AspartoftheOpenVMSV6.2change,the/SINCE?command-withoutthe specificationofthe=BACKUPJkeyword-selectedmorefilesthanitshouldhave.)ThisisC9abug.-ThisbughasbeenremediedintheOpenVMSBBACKUPsourcecodeandinsomeof(allof?)0theBACKUPECOkits.f<whichwillreducethenumberof corruptionsseen. k[FO5.42.5CHowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremoteg(tape?GOHowtodothis correctlywas describedatDECUSlongLOago.*OntheOpenVMShostwiththetapedrive,createthe(O= following SAVE-SET.FDLfile:ORECORDz FORMAT fixedzRSIZER8192  *OThencreateBACKUP_SERVER.COM:O$&!ROP$&!%BACKUP_SERVER.COM%-%provide&remote%tape&service%for&BACKUP.O$&!O$&set%noon O($&set%rms/network=16&Op$&allocate&mka500%tapedev>O$&(mount/nounload/over:id/block=8192/assist%tapedev=O$&convert/fdl=SAVE-SET&sys$net%tapedev:save-set.%OH$&dismount/unload%tapedevO$& stop/id=0 NOOnthenodewhereyouwanttodothebackup,usetheDCLOcommand:Oa$&backup%- srcfilespec%-? node"user&*pwd"::"task=backup_server"/block=8192/save! OOOneareawhichdoesnotfunctionhereisthevolumeswitch;QO multi-reelormulti-cartridge savesets.'SincethetapeisbeingEO5writtenthroughDECnetandRMSandthemagtapeACP,KOBACKUPwon'tseethemediaswitchandwillsplitanXORFOgroupacrossthereel boundary.,BACKUPmightwellbeNO>willingtoreadsucha multi-reelormulti-cartridgesavesetRO (directly,notoverthenet)astheXORblocksare effectivelyPOignoreduntilandunlessneededforerrorrecovery operations.IOHBACKUPlikelywillnotbeabletoperforman XOR-based involved.! eJOWithdataofgreatervalueorwithdataexposure(some-NOtimesfar)morecostlythantheresidualvalueofthediskPO5storage involved,thephysical destructionoftheplattersmayMOwellbethemost expedient, economical,and appropriateap-KOproach.*The unintendedexposureofabadblock containingOO>customer healthcaredataorofcreditcardnumberscanquiteUObecostly,ofcourse,bothintermsofthedirectloss,andtheAO longer-termandindirectcostsofsuch exposures.! JOOther potentialoptionsincludetheFreewareRZDISKpack-=Oage,theOpenVMSINITIALIZE/ERASEcommand(andLO5 potentiallyin conjunctionwiththe$erapatsystemservice)BOandOpenVMSAskTheWizard(ATW)topics includingOO(841),(3926),(4286),(4598),and(7320).)For additionalin-DO> formationon sys$erapat,seetheOpenVMS ProgrammingDOConceptsmanualandtheOpenVMSVAXexamplesmodule8OSYS$EXAMPLES:DOD_ERAPAT.MAR.Somediskcon-SOHtrollersandevenafewdiskscontainsupportfordataerasure.1OSomeDSSIDiskISEs,for instance.# NOForthe preventionofcasualdiskdata exposures,agenericFOINITIALIZE/ERASE operationisprobably sufficient.+ThisPO5isnot completely reliable, particularlyifthedataisvalu-SOable,oriflegal,administrativeor contractual restrictionsareLOstringent-theremaywellbe revectoredblocksthatarenotKO> overwrittenornot completely overwrittenbythiserasure,LOas discussedabove,andtheseblockscan obviouslycontainSOatleastpartofmostanydatathatwasstoredonthedisk-ROHbutthisbasicdisk overwrite operationislikely sufficientto:Opreventthetypical information disclosures.ROYouwillwanttoconsultwithyoursitesecurityofficer,yourOO corporatesecurityorlegaloffice,withHPServicesoryourPO5preferedservice organization,orwithafirmthat specializesMOinerasureordatadeclassificationtasks.+HPServicesdoesKO traditionallyofferasecurediskdeclassificationservice.b>O5.42.7CHowtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?JO4ToenablevirtualterminalsupportfortelnetandrloginIOdevices,addthe followinglogicalname definitionsintoOSYLOGICALS.COM:&SET%CONF&COMM/REMOTE=VIRTUAL t?O5.42.7.1BVolume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?JO) MiniMergesupporthasbeen availableformanyyearswithIOOpenVMS host-basedvolume shadowing,solongasyouhadIOMSCP controllers(eg:)HSC,HSJ,orHSD)which supportedEO3theVolume ShadowingAssistknownas``WriteHistoryO Logging''. NOOIfyouare interestedin mini-mergeandsimilar technologies,JOpleaseseetheFibreChannelwebpageandthe informationO5 availablethere:k A `m6m,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/!! MO Mini-Mergesupportwas originallyintendedtobe controller-NObasedandwasexpectedwithHSG80seriesstorage controllersHO5andwasexpectedtorequireACS8.7andOpenVMSAlphaOV7.3-1."! dGO Host-based Mini-Merge(HBMM)isnow availableforspe-OOcificOpenVMSreleasesviaa shadowingECOkit,andisalsoIO5presentinOpenVMSV8.2andlater.)HBMMappliestotheIOHSG80seriesand-like host-basedvolume shadowing-tomostcommandOpenVMSonlyhastoupdatetheareasofthere-MOturneddiskthatthebit-map indicatesarenow out-of-date.MOOpenVMSdoesthiswithareadsource/writetargetalgo-LOHrithm,whichismuchfasterthanthe shenaniganstheFullTOCopydoes,soevenifallofthediskhaschanged,a Mini-Copy*OisfasterthanaFullCopy.;& h!O 5.42.7.1.2C Mini-Merge?)A ShadowingMergeisiniti-FO(atedwhenanOpenVMSnodeinthecluster(whichhadEOa shadowsetmounted)crashesor otherwiseleavesun-GO expectedly,without dismountingthe shadowsetfirst..InMO2thiscase,OpenVMSmustensurethatthedatais identical,NOsince Shadowing guaranteesthatthedataonthedisksinaLO shadowsetwillbe identical.+InaregularMerge operation,KO< Shadowingusesan algorithmsimilartotheFullCopyal-LOgorithm(exceptthatitcanchooseeitherofthemembers'QOcontentsasthesourcedata,sincebothare consideredequallyROEvalid),andscanstheentiredisk.(Also,tomakethingsworse,OOforanyread operationsintheareaaheadofwhathasbeenLOmerged, Shadowingwillfirstmergethearea containingthe9OOreaddata,thenallowthereadtooccur.*'! MOAMergecanbeverytime-consumingandveryI/O intensive.QOIfanodecrashes,the survivingnodescanqueryto determineNO5whatexactareasofthediskthedepartednodewaswritingNOtojustbeforethecrash,andthus ShadowingonlyneedstoROmergejustthosefewareas,sothistendstotakeseconds,asMO>opposedto potentially requiringmanyminutesorevenhours'OforaregularfullMerge.qpr(2@O5.43CPleaseexplain DELETE/ERASEandFileLocks?IOU DELETE/ERASEholdsthefilelockandalsoholdsalockKOontheparent directoryforthedurationoftheerasure.MOThislockingcan obviouslycauseanaccessconflictonei-RO^therthefileoronthe directory-itmightwellpaytorenameNOfilesintoa temporary directorylocationbeforeissuingtheKO DELETE/ERASE, particularlyforlargefilesand/orforsys-NOhtemswithmultiple overwriteerasepatternsinuse;foranyEOsystemswherethe DELETE/ERASEerasure operationwillOtakeawhile.grqsM)%##O 6.2 Information!on!Mailsrtg* w=KO6.1BMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.(WhatdoIdo?Oifyouseethe/F%MAIL-W-NONEWMAIL,nonewmessagesFOerrorreportedwhenMAIL indicatesyouhave messages,HO^thentheNEWMAILcounthasbecomeskewedfromreality.p+! FOOThecountofnewmailmessagesiskept separatelyfromyourGOmailfolder,andisstoredinVMSMAIL_PROFILE.DATA.ItPO5 sometimeshappensthatthiscountdiffersfromwhatisstoredPOinyourmailfolder.(Ifthisarises,invokeMAILandrepeat-FOedlyentertheREAD/NEWcommand(orpressthekeypadHO>hyphenkeyonan LK-compatible keyboard)untilyouseeHOnonewmail messages.)Thenenterthecommandonemore:Otime.'Thiswill resynchronizethe counters. , POIfyouare operatinginaclusterandfindyourmailcountsMO inconsistentacrossclustermembers,yourcustomerislikelyCO5missinga definitionoftheVMSMAIL_PROFILElogicalMOname-andisprobablyalsomissing definitionsofotherlog-NOicalnames associatedwithothersharedfiles-orhasoneorTO>more inconsistent definitionsofthisandlikelyofotherlogicalOnames.-b NSOFordetailsonthe configurationdatafilesthatmustbesharedKOwithinacluster,pleaseseeSYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEO5onV7.2andlater. tsu.FO6.2BHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?QOUIsthereanywaytosendorreadmailwithfilesasattach-OmentsfromVMS?/oMONotdirectlywiththeOpenVMSMAIL facility,butthereare"Oseveralotheroptions:$0  `mEmInstallPINE, available commerciallyfromInnosoftorEfreefromAndyHarper.*WithPINEyoucanbothsendHandreceiveMIME messages,ifyouhavethe appropriatewviewers available.1 _ h!Yhhttp://www.process.com/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ f0Yf&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ `AIfyouareworkingfromanX11server, usetheA>OpenVMSversionofNetscape NavigatororMozilla.FThemaildownloadprotocolchosentoaccessthemailJserverfromthe NavigatororMozillamailclientcanbeFHPOPorIMAP,withtheformercausingmessagestobeH downloadedwhilethelatterpermitsmessagestobere-Htainedonthemailserver.+MostfolkspreferIMAPforRthisreason. `=MPACK/MUNPACK.TosendaMIMEmail, constructB)themessagewith attachmentsmanuallyusingMPACK.JYoucannotsendthe resultingfiledirectlythroughMAILJbecauseanextrablankheaderlinewillbeinsertedbe-A3tweenyourmessageandtheOpenVMSMAILheaders,GwhichwillcausethemessagetoappearasplaintextEinmostmail programs.*SomeTCP/IPstacksprovideaJ=workaroundforthisproblem,andifthatdoesn'twork,Myoushould generallybeabletoforcethemessagedirectlyGintotheSMTPportofyourmailmachine.*Examplesof!Fbothmethodsarein:s2e I h>Yh4http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/mmail.com3 !IWToreadaMIMEmailmessage,openitinMAIL,extractKittoafile,thenuseMUNPACKtobreakoutanddecodethe attachments.48W MPACK/MUNPACKtoolsarealso available on"OpenVMSFreewareV5.0. `/@/WithOpenVMSV7.2andlater,usetheMIMEtool"suppliedwithOpenVMS.utv5! ;O6.3BHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?OOUUsethe anti-spam capabilitiespresentintheTCP/IPServices*OV5.1andlaterSMTPservers.E6OUsea firewall.7&  rJOOnearlierTCP/IPServices releases,somesimpleDCLcanFO reportedlypreventrelaySMTPspam.)UsetheUCXcom-BO5mandSHOWSERVICE SMTP/FULLtofindthe directory;O containingtheUCX$SMTP_RECV_STARTUP.COMfile,+Oandinsertthe followingDCL: Ok$ zk! O$z!%Block%spam. O$ z! OB$HzB>MY_ADDRESS_LONG[0,32]=F$INTEGER(F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")-"::") O$Jz@MY_ADDRESS=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-)F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" Ob$6zb,MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",-E;F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" O:$Nz:WRITE& SYS$OUTPUT% F$TIME()+"%%"+F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")+MY_ADDRESS O$?zUCX%SHOW&HOST%$'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.INPUTS.ORBS.ORG O$zIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN OZ$:ZWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%from&relay& rejected" O$EXIT O$zENDIF O2$Dz2UCX%SHOW&HOST%)'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.SPAMSOURCES.ORBS.ORG Oz$zzIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN O $< WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%source%relay% rejected" OR$REXIT O$zENDIF O$ z! O) $z) !%Run& receiver. Oq $ zq ! O $/z run% sys$system:ucx$smtp_receiver.exe O $z goto%exitlvuwR8%((O 7.2 Information!on! UtilitiesK wvx 9! DO7.1BHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?IOUIfyou've installedthe DECwindows examples,you'llfindAODECW$CDPLAYER.C,.DAT,.EXE,.UIL,and.UID.CopyEOthe.UIDand.DATfilestoDECW$USER_DEFAULTS:(typ-DO^ically SYS$LOGIN:),definethelogicalnameDECW$CD_JOPLAYERtobethedevicenameofyourCD-ROMdrive(eg.BO DKA400:),giveyourselfPHY_IOandDIAGNOSEprivi-NOhleges,andrunthe.EXE.(These privilegesare required,asSOtheaccesstothe CD-related extensionswillrequiretheuseofGOtheprivilege-protected IO$_DIAGNOSEI/Ofunctioncode.)QOrYoucanalsoinstalltheimagewiththese privileges.)SeetheMOsourcefor additionaldetails-notethatthecommentsre-CO#gardingtheneedforSYSGENCONNECTarenolonger7O{ applicable(atleastasofVMSV5.5-2).:8OThere'salsoSYS$EXAMPLES:CDROM_AUDIO.Cand?O.EXE,a non-Motifprogram, availableonOpenVMS1O5VAX,andDECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER. @* 5on,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.V;! t,?OThestandardOpenVMSATA(IDE) SYS$DQDRIVERde-NOvicedriverdoesnotsupportthe necessarydoesnotsupportJO5the necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEfunctioncodethatisrequiredIOforaccesstoaudioCDmediacommands(onOpenVMSver-JOsionspriortoV7.3),butanupdated SYS$DQDRIVERdeviceMO>driver(sourcecodeandall)withthis capabilityandwithDOthesourcecodeofanupdated DECW$CDPLAYERCDau-IOdioplayeris availableontheOpenVMSFreewarewebsiteFOH!(www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/,lookforthe directoryMO /dqdriver/),andtheseupdatesarealsoincludedonOpenVMSEOFreewareV5.0,andOpenVMSECOkits containingnewerRORversionsofthedriverare available.'FreewareV6.0hasaver-KOsionofDQDRIVERthatisnewerthanthatoftheOpenVMSLOAlphaV7.3-2release,with additional capabilitiesandwith'O[improvederror diagnostics.<NCOOpenVMSAlphaV7.3andlaterincludeaversionof:O SYS$DQDRIVERwiththe necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEO5support.gxwy=0 )LO7.2BHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydiskfrom(OpenVMS?EOTheHPAdvancedServer (formerlyknownas PATHWORKS)GOforOpenVMSproductincludesan unsupportedandundoc-LO^umentedutilitycalledPCDISK,andthistoolcanreadandDOwritevarious MicrosoftMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindows O FAT-format diskettes.>! NLOProGISinGermanysellsaproductcalledVMovewhichsup-KOportsDOSfilesonmany differentdevicetypes.+Formore7O5 information,sendmailtoinfo@progis.de.,?@O Engineering SoftwarehasaproductcalledVAKSATHOwhichwillread,write,anderasefilesonMS-DOSFATEO5 diskettes.0 AvailableforbothVAXandAlpha.0Contact5Oed@cityscape.co.ukformore information.@! KOMadGoatPCExchange(PCX)isautilityforcopyingfilesEOtoandfromMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindows(FAT)for-IO5mat diskettesunderOpenVMS,usinganRX23(3.5"),RX26TO(3.5"),orRX33(5.25")diskettedrive.'For3.5" diskettes,high-QOdensitydiskscanbereadorwritten;double-densitydisksareHO> read-only.,Only high-densitydisksare supportedontheORX33.VA, `m!mhttp://www.madgoat.com/BDOTheFreewarepackageWINFXis availableonFreeware=OV6.0,andcanreadtheFATvolume structure.eC; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/uyxz(D! DO7.3BHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"(DECsounddoesn'twork.MOVariousofthemorerecent AlphaStationsystemsuseadif-NOferentsoundboard (MicrosoftSoundSystem)thantheearlierGO^DEC3000seriessystems,and DECsound,assuppliedbyKO DECwindowsMotif,doesn'tsupportthisboardnorthisin-LOterface.)HPoffersanoptionalproduct, MultimediaServicesOh(MMOV)forOpenVMS:bE8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/F _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.GNIOwhichprovidesa replacementforDECsoundforthiscardKOaswellasmanyotherfeatures(anAVIandMPEGplayer,)O5videocapturesupport,etc.)aH77OEnsoniqsoundsupportisalso available.{z|L8 2AO7.5BHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?BOUMost(all?)-IBM EBCDIC-basedsystemscanreadandFOwrite ANSI-labeledASCII magtapes.) Fixed-lengthrecordsbackintoZAP,andusetheZAPWcommandtowritetheOupdatedblock.^}|~DV%O 8.2DCL!Detailsj~bny8O8.2BHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?AOUThesimplestwayisthe TYPE/PAGENLA0:'command.czHOYoucansetupasymboltoclearthescreeninyourO LOGIN.COM:'Oa$&CLS%:==% TYPE/PAGE&NLA0:dd ?O8.3BUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole(OPCOMs?LOYourterminalmustbeenabledasanoperatorterminalbe-DOforethe REPLY/LOGcommandcanbeused,butaDCLNO^ procedure(batchcommandfile,systemstartup,etc)doesnotPOhavean associated terminal.'Tomakethiswork,usethefol-NOlowingsequencetoenabletheOPA0:)consoleastheoperatorGOh terminal,thenthe REPLY/LOGcommandwillbe accepted:-O$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O5$& REPLY/LOG-O}$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/ENABLEe NOTodisablethesystemconsoleterminal(OPA0:)'asanopera-7Otor terminal,usethe followingcommand:-Oa$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLEfD d?OAlsoseeSYLOGICALS.COM(andSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)LOfor informationon configuringthe behaviourofOPCOM,in-QO5cludingthe (default)useofthesystemconsole(OPA0:)'asanOOoperator terminialandthespecificcontentsand behaviourof9Othesystemoperatorlogfile OPERATOR.LOG.ugl K@O8.4BHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?EOUHereisarandomnumber generator,justdoaGOSUBHORANDandtheglobalsymbolRANDOMwillcontainaran-FOdomly generatednumber.-Youcanfeedthe generatoraCO^ceilingvalue(_ _CEIL)oranewseed(_ _SEED).XO$!%RAND&-%returns%a&positive&random%number% ("RANDOM")%between&0%and O+$!+__CEIL&-%1..Os$!% sharris-at-sdsdmvax.fb3.noaa.govO$&RAND: O$*OK$&IF&F$TYPE(__SEED)&.EQS.&""O$&THEN:O$!&seed%the&random%number% generator,%...!O#$__NOW%=& F$CVTIME()/Ok$__HOUR%=%'F$EXTRACT(11,2,__NOW)'1O$__MINUTE%=&'F$EXTRACT(14,2,__NOW)'1O$__SECOND%=&'F$EXTRACT(17,2,__NOW)'/OC$__TICK%=%'F$EXTRACT(20,2,__NOW)' O$TO$__SEED%==%__TICK&+%(100%*& __SECOND)%+&(6000&*% __MINUTE)&+%-(360000&*%__HOUR)WOb$!&the% generator%tends%to%do%better&with%a%large,%odd&seed,&...*O$__SEED%==%(__SEED%.OR.&1)O$!&clean&up,%..."O:$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__NOW#O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__HOUR%O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__MINUTE%O $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__SECOND#OZ $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__TICKO $&ENDIF O $GO2 $&IF&F$TYPE(__CEIL)&.EQS.&""&THEN%__CEIL&=% %X3FFFFFFF Oz $/O $&__SEED%==%__SEED%*%69069%+&1 O $DOR $&RANDOM%==%+(__SEED.AND.%X3FFFFFFF)/(%X40000000/__CEIL) O $O $&RETURNfhh<1O8.5BWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?MOUTheMCRisanartifactofRSX compatibilitymode,theop-DOeratingsystemfromwhichOpenVMSis descended.+MCRIOistheMonitorConsoleRoutine,andthecommandisin-JO^tendedtoactivateRSX compatibilitymode utilities.*WhenDOusedonOpenVMS,thecommandismostcommonlyusedIOtorunthe specifiedimage and-becausethetooldetectsKOhtheimageisnotacompatibility-modeimage-itactsasaMOformofRUNcommandwiththedefaultfile specificationofAOSYS$SYSTEM:.EXE.MCRpassesany (optional)commandLOrline argumentsinafashionsimilartoaforeigncommand.OInotherwords:OO$&MCR%FOO%BARwiiMOis equivalentto:t$%FOO%:==&$FOOtP$%FOO%BARjNJOMCRisnot documented.)UseofaforeigncommandortheKODCL$PATH mechanismis preferred.(Fordetailsonthis,seeO5Section8.1.*jO|?Wk@O8.6BHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?GOUYoucanusetheSETPROMPTcommandforthispurpose.JOSETPROMPTsetstheDCLprompttothe specifiedstring.l! NOOWhenyouwanttodisplayvariable information,youwillneedROto establishatie-inthatprovidesthe informationtotheSET(O5PROMPTcommandas required.}m SMOIfyouwishtodisplaythedefault directoryfor instance,LOyouwillhaveto establishatiebetweentheSETDEFAULT>O5commandandtheSETPROMPT commands,asthereMOisnodirectwaytogetthedefault directoryastheDCLOOprompt.(YoucaneasilyacquireorcreateasetofDCLcom-FO>mand proceduresthatperformtheSETDEFAULTandSETCOPROMPTforyou.*TheseDCLcommand proceduresoften$Ouseacommandsuchas:3Ot$&set%!prompt='f$environment("default")'n WIOMoreadvanceduserscould implementasystemserviceorROother intercept,andusethesetoolsto interceptthe directoryHO5changeandresettheprompt accordingly.+(ThisapproachEOlikelyinvolvessome kernel-mode programming,andre-IOquireswriteaccesstovarious undocumentedOpenVMSdataO> structures.)o{MOTherearerelatedtools availablefromvarioussources,in-.Ocludingthe followingwebsites: p! f `m*m ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/setpmt/ `3)ftp://ftp.tmesis.com/sys_service_hook.src `lGlJamesF.Duffhasalsomade availableaMacro32toolGknownas TIME_PROMPT,atoolthatsetsthepromptto%thecurrentsystemtime. `FManyfolkshave contributedDCL procedurestoperformHthistask.*Visitthe newsgrouparchivesfor informationMand examples. qDO8.7BCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith(DCL?.OYes,youcandothiswithDCL.rWCOTheOpenVMSDECnet documentationshowsvarioussim-JOpleexamplesusingthetaskobjectandtheTYPEcommandLO5totriggerthe executionofaDCLcommand procedureonaGOremotenode.)AnexampleDCLcommand procedurethatisHOrathermoreadvancedthanusingtheTYPEcommandasaAO>triggerisincludedintheAskTheWizardarea:cs9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/tNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*t|?u GODCLdoesnotincludesupport asynchronousI/O,thusaFO predeterminedprotocolora predetermined "turn-around"HO5commandsequencemustbe implementedinordertoavoidOOprotocoldeadlocks-caseswherebothtasksaretryingtowriteOOorbothtasksaretryingtoread.,ThetaskthatiswritingIO>messagestothenetworkmustwrite(orwriteandread)KOa predeterminedsequenceof messages,oritmustwriteaOOmessagethattellsthereaderthatitcannowstartwritingPOH messages.'(Thisistheessenceofabasic half-duplexnetworkOprotocolscheme.)v]{FO8.8BHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?5OD$&width&=%f$getdvi(terminal,"DEVBUFSIZ")wF #=O8.9BHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?KOUUseDCL ampersand substitution,andnot apostrophesubsti-Otution.YO2$&pipe%show%system%|%search% sys$input&opcom&|%(read% sys$input&pid%;Gzpid=f$element(0,"%",pid)&;% define/system% opcom_pid%&pid)!O$&show%log& opcom_pid8  "OPCOM_PID"%=% "0000020B"&(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE) xK=O8.10CUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical'(names?GOWithacommandtocreateadetachedprocesssuchas:EO2$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COMy WKOIfyouaretryingtousealogicalnameasthe/INPUT,@O/OUTPUTor/ERRORona RUN/DETACHcommand,thenPO5youmust translatethelogicalnamespecificationstophysicalPO referencesbeforepassingthem,orthe definitionsmustresidePOinalogicalnametablethatisvisibletothe newly-createdO>process.BzDOAlsonotethatLOGINOUTonlycreatesthe SYS$LOGIN,=OSYS$LOGIN_DEVICE,and SYS$SCRATCHlogicalnamesUO5ifitis processingaloginthatisbasedonthecontentsofaEOSYSUAFrecord-withoutaccesstothe associatedSYSUAFGOrecord,this informationisnot availableto LOGINOUT.JO>(Ifyouwanttoseethese particularlogicalnamescre-KOated,thenpleasespecifythe /AUTHORIZE qualifieronthe!O RUN/DETACHED command.){! KOIfyoudonotspecifyLOGINOUTastheimage,thenthereOOisnoeasywaytogettheselogicalnames.+Also,anylogi-RO5calnamesthatareusedinthetargetimagefile specificationTOmustalsobeinalogicalnametable accessible(bydefault)byIOthe newly-createddetachedprocess.*SharedtablesincludeQO>thegroup(iftheprocessisinthesameUICgroup)andtheQOsystemtable.*(IfthetargetprocessistobeinanotherUICSOgroup,a suitablly privilegeduseror applicationcancreatetheOOH necessarylogicalname(s)directlyintheothergrouplogicalOnametable.)!|! LOWhenindoubt,createashortDCLcommandfileasinput,EOanduseaSHOWLOGICALandsimilarcommandstoex-KO5aminethecontext.*(Andusephysicaldeviceand directoryDO referencesonthe RUN/DETACHoftheLOGINOUTimage,KOwhen specifyingthiscommandfileas/INPUT.)Alsoremem-KO>bertocheckbothsecurityauditingandsystem accountingAOwhentroubleshootingproblemswiththe RUN/DETACH.T}*OAlsosee}Section8.1.*}}F|?WW=%O 9.2Files2 f GO9.2BWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswerthan( DIR/SIZE?KODIRECTORY/SIZEdoesn'ttakeintoaccountthesizeoffileLOheaderswhicharechargedtoyourquota.*Also,unlessyouGO^useDIRECTORY/SIZE:ALL,youwillseeonlythe``used''POsizeofthefile,notthe allocatedsizewhichiswhatgetsQOchargedagainstyourquota.'Also,youmayhavefilesinotherOh directories.4O$&DIRECTORY/SIZE=ALL/GRAND% [username...]HO5Grand%total%of%D1% directories,%F1%files,&B1/B2&blocks.6O}$&DIRECTORY/SIZZ=ALL/GRAND%[-]username.DIRCOGrand%total%of%1& directory,%1%file,%B3/B4%blocks.O $&SHOW%QUOTAAOUUser& [username]%has&B5&blocks%used,%B6% availableQOof%B7% authorized&and% permitted% overdraft&of&B8&blocks%on%disk! zWOIftheuserhasnofilesinother directoriesandall file-headersDOareonly1block,thenthe followingshouldapply:a B5=B2+B4+F1+1VPOIfthe diskquotahasdriftedoutofsynchronization,thentheHOsystem-managercanforceaquota rebuild-duetovariousPO5factors,thequotafilecan potentiallydriftfromtheactualMOuseovertime,andaperiodicrebuildcanbe performedat!O appropriate intervals. GOAlsobeawarethattheDIRECTORY/SIZEcommandcanre-JOportlargervaluesthanmight otherwisebeexpectedwhenRO5usedtoevaluatefilesand/or directoriesthatarealiaslinks-JOsuchasthesystemrootsonOpenVMSsystemdisks-astheNOcommandreportsatotalthatis cumulativeoveralloftheIO>filesand directories examined,withoutregardforwhichLOonesmightbealiasentriesandwhicharenot.,(InotherDOwords,aDIRECTORY/SIZEofanentireOpenVMSsystemNOHdiskwillreportadiskuseagevaluelargerthanthe(usu-GOallymore accurate)valuereportedbytheSHOWDEVICEOOcommand.*Thisasaresultofthealiasentrieslinkingeach&ORSYS$SYSDEVICE:[SYSCOMMON]SYS ]*R.DIR directoryfile>Oandthe$SYS$SYSDEVICE:[000000]VMS$COMMON.DIRfileO together.)* NO9.3BHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento(disk?LOIfyour applicationmust absolutely guaranteethatdataisMO available,nomatterwhat,there'sreallyno substituteforGO^RMS Journalingandhost-orcontroller-based shadowing.KOHowever,youcanachieveagooddegreeofdata integrityKObyissuinga SYS$FLUSHRMScallat appropriatetimes(ifQOhyou'reusingRMS,thatis.)(Ifyou'reusinga high-levellan-KOguage'sI/Osystem,checkthat language's documentationtoUOseeifyoucanaccesstheRMScontrolblocksfortheopenfile. punctuation!(Someroutinesofinterestare SYS$FILESCAN,?O SYS$PARSEandLIB$TRIM_FILESPEC.Forfurtherin-GO formation,seetheOpenVMSGuidetoFile Applications.! mNO Performanceoflarger directoryfilesimproves (greatly)withMOOpenVMSV7.2andlater-operationson directoryfilesof128IO5blocksandlargerwererathersloweronearlierOpenVMSTOreleasesduetothesmallersizeofthe directorycacheanddue5Otothe directoryI/O processinglogic.NOForfastest directory deletions,considerareverse deletion-ROdeletefromthelastfileinthe directorytothefirst.-ThisLO5reversalspeedsthedeletion operationbyavoidingunneces-POsary directoryI/O operationsasthefilesaredeleted.*ToolsJOsuchastheFreewareDFUcanbeusedforthispurpose,CO>ascanvarious availablereverse-DELETEDCLcommandO procedures. wEO9.8BWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?NOUThemaximumtransfersizeisan attributeofthe particularQOI/Odevice, controlleranddriver combination;thereisnoin-MOherentlimitimposedbyOpenVMS(otherthanthefactthat,RO^today,bytecountsandLBNsare generallylimitedto32bits). UOOThemaximumsizeofadeviceI/OrequestislimitedbytheDOvalueinUCB$L_MAXBCNT,whichissetbythedeviceSO5driverbasedonvariousfactors.'(AlsocheckthesettingoftheHOMAXBUFsystem parameterforbufferedI/O transfers,and'Ochecktheprocessquotas.) aPO Currently,SCSIdriverslimitI/O transferstoFE00(16)bytes,KO65024bytes (decimal).,ThereasonsforthistransfersizeOO5 limitationarelargely historical.) Similarly,DSSIdevicesarePOlimitedtothesamevalue,thisforhardware-specificreasons.NO TransferstoHSCandHSJdevice controllersviatheCIareKO>limitedto 1,048,576bytes.*Client MSCP-serveddevicesareNOlimitedto65535bytes-tohelpensurethattheI/Ofragmen-QOtation processinghappensontheclientandnotontheserverOHsystem.d :LOPartsoftheOpenVMSI/O subsystemare optimizedfordataOO transferslessthan64KB,because (obviously)mostI/Oopera-NO5tionsare(substantially)lessthanthat.'OpenVMScanhandleQOlarger transfers,ifthedriverandthedevicecanhandleit.kAOAlsosee}Section9.4,!Section9.5.*}F|?*!F|?-L w"DO9.9BCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase(files?NOYes,youcanusevarious available third-partypackagesthatMOpermitremoteODBCclientstoaccessRMSfilesandvarious3O^ commercial databasesviathenetwork.L"KOForRMS,consider acquiringoneofthepackages availableGOfrom EasySoft,AttunityConnect (formerlyknownasISGHO5 Navigator),Oracle(DB Integrator), SolutionsIQ,OpenLinkHOSoftware (OpenLink UniversalDataAccess),and Synergex. HOTheunixODBCpackage availableathttp://www.unixodbc.orgKOhas variouslybeenfoundtooperateonOpenVMS,aswell.FOForspecific commercial databases(otherthanRMS,ofNOcourse),contactthedatabasevendordirectlyfor assistance.XGO9.10CIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI'(usingXFC?.OYes,youareusingXFCcaching. HODisksthatareusingXFCcachinguse communicationandJO coordination protocolsthatare compatiblewiththeolderIO5VIOCcachingimplementation.'Withtheinitial implementa-HOtionofXFConOpenVMS,youcanusethecommandSHOWCO MEMORY/CACHEtoseenodisksreportedinfullXFCLO>mode;alldisksshownwillbelistedin``VIOC CompatableOMode''.Z0COIfyouhavetheOpenVMSsystem parameter VCC_FLAGSMOsetto2andareusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1orlater,orFO5areusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3withthe VMS73_XFCV2.0LOECOkitorlaterorwiththeUPDATEkits,youareusingOXFC.C KOAnother confusion:(theXFCproductversionisandremainsQOV1.0inallreleasedconfigurations,pleasedonotconfusetheHO5internalXFCproductversion (displayedbyvariouscom-LOmands)withtheversionnumber associatedwiththevariousNOECOkit(s).)XFCV1.0doesnotpermitvolumestoenterfullNO>XFCcaching,as displayedbythe``VolsinFullXFCmode'' FILE/ATTR,thenedittheexistingfile.+(Mosteditorswill8Opreserve attributesonanexistingfile.)! \GOWhenworkingwithWindows,streamisusuallythebestPOchoicefor sequentialfile operations.'StreamLFismostcom-FO5monlyusedwithUNIXandC applications.*WindowsandTOUNIXtendnottobeabletodirectlyreadfilesof "unexpected"+O sequentialRMSrecordformats..EOVFCisacommonOpenVMSformat,encodingtherecordQOlengthintotherecord.+ItisthisextradatathatcancauseEO5corruption-likeproblemswhenviewedwithoutRMS;ei-OOtherdirectlyvia$qioorviathefilesystemAPIonotherKO operatingsystem platforms.,YouwillwanttolookattheNO> low-levelrecordformats,andattheRMSandtheFilesandAO Applications documentationintheOpenVMSmanuals.! tPOIf transferingthroughother platforms,useofacurrentver-UOsionofZip(withthe"-Vv"or"-Vv9"option)andunzip,oruseNO5ofaBACKUPsavesetwillcontainandmaintaintheRMSfileKOandrecord attributes.((ForBACKUPanditsown attributes6O requirements,seethe restorationtool.)tZ%00O 10.2OpenVMS! Programming! InformationU wlJO10.3CHowdoIgetthe argumentsfromthecommandline?KOUIfyou'rewritingaprogramandwanttoaccept argumentsDOfromaforeigncommand,youcanuseLIB$GET_FOREIGNPOtogetthecommandlineandparseit yourself,orifyou'reCO^ programminginC,usethenormal argc/argvmethod./COTowritean applicationwhichusesthenormalDCLKOverb/qualifier/parametersyntaxfor invocation,seethede-HO5 scriptionoftheCLI$routinesintheOpenVMSCallable/OUtilityRoutines ReferenceManual. WROItispossibletowritean applicationwhichcanbeusedbothQOways;ifaDCLverbisn'tusedtoinvoketheimage,theap-PO5 plicationparsesthecommandlineitself.(OnewaytodothisOOistocall CLI$GET_VALUEforarequired parameter.'IfitisIOnotpresent(oryougetanerror),callLIB$GET_FOREIGNCO>togetthecommandlineanddothemanualparse.T*OSeealso}Section8.1.*}F|?W! `DO10.4CHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina'( variable?JOUsethe SYS$PUTMSGsystemservicewithanactionroutineSOthatstoresthemessageline(s)inthevariableofyourchoice.PO^Besuretheactionroutinereturnsa"false"(lowbitclear)MOfunctionvaluesothat SYS$PUTMSGdoesn'tthentrytodis-QOplaythemessage(unlessyouwantitto.))Seethe descriptionHOhof$PUTMSGintheSystemServices ReferenceManualfor6Oanexampleofusinganactionroutine.~d :JO10.6CHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsideaprogram?JOUTheproblemisthat SYS$SETDDIRonlychangesthedefaultPO directory-NOTthedefaultdisk.)Thedefaultdiskisdeter-LOminedbythelogical SYS$DISK.IfyouwanttochangetheIO^defaultdiskwithinaprogram,thencallLIB$SET_LOGICALNOtochangethelogical SYS$DISK.Youwillneedtocallboth=OLIB$SET_LOGICALand SYS$SETDDIRtochangeboth6Ohdefaultdiskandthedefault directory!xG IO10.7CHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa shareable'(imageonAlpha?5OYou need to add SYMBOL_VECTOR=(=PSECT)toyouroptionsfile.,OnOpenVMSVAXGO^all OVR/REL/GBLpsectswere automaticallyexportedintoFOthe shareableimage'sGlobalSymbolTable.+OnOpenVMSROAlphayouhavetotellthelinkerthatyouwantthisdoneby@OhmeansofthePSECTkeywordinthe SYMBOL_VECTOR#Ooptionsfile statement.! rJOThishasseveral advantagesoverOpenVMSVAX.First,youKOdon'thavetoworryabouttheaddressofthepsectwhenOO5youtrytocreateanew,upwardly compatibleversionoftheQO shareableimage.'Second,youcancontrolwhichpsects,ifany,=Oaremadevisibleoutsidethe shareableimage.! 5EOBydefault,COMMONPSECTsinHPFortranforOpenVMSGOAlpha(aswellasmostotherOpenVMSAlpha compilers)HO5areNOSHR.OnVAX,thedefaultwasSHRwhichrequiredKOyoutochangethe attributetoNOSHRifyouwantedyourIOCOMMONtobeina shareableimagebutnot write-sharedQO>byall processesonthesystem.'Ifyoudowantwrite-sharing,Ouse:'OCDEC$%PSECT%common-name=SHR NPOintheFortransourcecode(theCDEC$mustbebeginincol-JOumn1)oralinkeroptionsfile PSECT_ATTR statementto6O5settheCOMMONPSECT attributetoSHR.i??OForfurther information,seetheLinkermanual.TBFO10.8CHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating'(data?DOInOpenVMSV6.1andlater,theroutine CVT$CONVERT_AOFLOATis documentedintheLIB$Run-TimeLibraryIO^ ReferenceManual,andcanperformfloatingpointconver-LOsionsbetweenanytwoofthe followingfloating datatypes:IOVAX (F,D,G,H), little-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),EOh big-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),CRAYandIBMO System\370,etc.v LHOHPFortran(allOpenVMS platforms)hasafeaturewhichKOwillperform automatic conversionof unformatteddatadur-LO5inginputoroutput.)SeetheHPFortran documentationforJO informationon "non-nativedatainI/O"andtheCONVERT=#OOPEN statementkeyword.uHOTherearefloating-point conversionsourcecodepackages-O availableforvarious platforms.mCCOForfurtherfloating-pointrelated information,see:vL `mAm7http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/ieee.zipE EO10.9CHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran'(routine?DOOnVAX,many programmerswoulduseaMACROroutinePOwhichaccessedtheAPregisterofthecallertogetthead-KO^dressoftheargumentlistandhencetheargumentcount.LOThiswasnot guaranteedtoworkonVAX,butusuallydid.NOHowever,itdoesn'tworkatallonOpenVMSAlpha,asthereMOhisnoAP register.*OnAlphasystems,youmustusealan-NOguage'sbuilt-infunctiontoretrievetheargumentcount,ifMOany.(InFortranthisis IARGCOUNT,whichisalso available-OrinDECFortranonOpenVMSVAX.JONotethatomitting argumentstoFortranroutinesisnon-MOstandardandis unsupported.)Itwillworkinmanycases-LO5readtheDECFortranreleasenotesfor additionalinforma-Otion.  )HO10.11CWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSSR(image?KO ExecutablecodeinOpenVMS typicallyresidesinanimage-OOanimageisafile-thefile extensionis typically .EXE-thatHO^containsthiscode.,Commontypesofimagesincludeex-EOecutableimages, shareableimages,systemimages,and$O protected(UWSS)images.  dJO Executableimagesareprogramsthatcanbedirectlyexe-LOcuted.(Theseimagescangrantenhanced privileges,withanIO5INSTALLoftheimagewith /PRIVILEGE,orcangranten-POhancedaccesswiththe specificationofa subsystem identifier5OontheACL associatedwiththeimage. ! asMO Shareableimagescontaincodeexecuted indirectly,theseim-GOagesare referencedfrom executableimagesand/orfromHO5other shareableimages.,Theseimagescannotgranten-FOhanced privileges,evenwiththeuseofINSTALLwithJO /PRIVILEGEora subsystem identifier.(These shareableim-KO>agescanbe dynamically activated(aLINKthatoccursat>O run-time)viatheLIB$FIND_IMAGE_SYMBOLrun-timeOOlibrary(RTL)routine.&(See `protectedimages'for information/OHon `privileged shareable images'.)  NLOSystemimagesareintendedtorundirectlyontheVAXorLOAlphahardware-thesearenormallyusedforthekernelcode1O5that comprisesan operatingsystem. ! GO Protected images-alsoreferedtoas User-WrittenSystemLOServices(UWSS),oras privileged shareable images-aresim-PO5iliarinsomewaystoastandard shareableimages,buttheseLOimagesincludea`changemode'handler,andexecuteinanKO`inner' processormode (privilegedmode; executiveorker-NO>nel),andcode executingininnermodeshasimplicitSETPRVFO privilege.)Mustbe INSTALLedwith /PROTECT.NotethatMO inner-modecodehas restrictionsaroundcallinglibraryrou-JOHtines,aroundcallingvarioussystem services,andaroundNOcallingcodelocatedinother protectedor shareableimages.^ 4LOLoadableimagesanddevicedriversareimagesthatcanbeIOusedtoaddcodeintotheOpenVMSkernel.* Pseudo-deviceMO5driversarea particularly convenientwaytoadd executableJOcode,with associateddriver-defineddata structures,intoKOthekernel.(The pseudo-devicedriverincludestheUCBandPO>DDBdata structures,andacalling interfacewithsupportforQOboth privilegedand unprivilegedaccesstothedrivercodeviaO sys$qio[w]calls. oIOAcookbookapproachtocreatingOpenVMS shareableimages&Ois availableattheURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?0! )AO10.12CHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?LOUThereareseveraloptions availableforcopyingfilesfromOOwithinaprogram.'Obviouschoicesincludeusing lib$spawn( ),MOsystem( ), sys$sndjbc( )or sys$creprc( )toinvokeaDCLEO^COPYcommand.)Othercommon alternativesincludeusingIOthecallableconvertroutinesandtheBACKUP application5O programming interface(V7.1andlater).k))O10.13CWhatisa descriptor?SOUA descriptorisadata structurethat describesastringoranJOarray.*Each descriptorcontains informationthat describesQOthetypeofthedatabeing referenced,thesizeofthedata,OO^andtheaddressofthedata.,Italsoincludesa descriptionROofthestorageusedforthedata, typicallystaticordynamic.2O Descriptorsarepassedby reference. vNOThe followingareexamplesofcreatingandusing descriptorsROinC,withtheuseoftheanglebracketsnormallyexpectedbyOO5theCinclude statements deliberatelyalteredin deferencetoOHTML:#include% {descrip.h}$Z#include%{lib$routines.h}#include% {stsdef.h}int&RetStat;2char%TxtBuf[TXTSIZ].zstruct&dsc$descriptor& StaticDsc%=9/{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_S,&NULL%};+ struct&dsc$descriptor&DynDsc%=9/R{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_D,&NULL%};!int& DynDscLen%=&255;< $DESCRIPTOR(& ConstDsc,%"This%is%a&string"%);<K/*%finish&setting%up%a%static% descriptor%*/,StaticDsc.dsc$w_length=%TXTSIZ;8StaticDsc.dsc$a_pointer=%(void%*)%TxtBuf;=D/*%finish&setting%up%a%dynamic& descriptor%*/=RetStat%=& lib$sget1_dd(% &DynDscLen,%&DynDsc%);5if%(%!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat%)&)/return%RetStat;0/*%release%the%dynamic%storage&*/1RetStat%=&lib$sfree1_dd(&&DynDsc%);1if%(!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat&))/]return%RetStat; ULOStatic descriptors referencestorageentirelyunderapplica-POtionprogramcontrol,andthecontentsofthe descriptordataMO5 structurecanbemodifiedasrequired(bythe application).OOOpenVMSroutinesdonotmodifythecontentsofastaticde-SO scriptor,nordotheyaltertheaddressorlengthvaluesstoredRO>inthestatic descriptor.*(Theterm"static"referstothede-MOscriptordata structure,andnot necessarilytothestorage+O referencedbythe descriptor.)`6KODynamic descriptors referencestorageunderthecontrolofJOtherun-timelibrary,andthecontentsofadynamicde-MO5scriptordatastructure-onceinitialized-canonlybemodifiedHOundercontrolofrun-timelibrary routines.+ThedynamicJOstorage referencedbythedynamic descriptoris allocatedIO>and maintainedbytherun-timelibrary routines.+VariousJOOpenVMSroutinesdoalterthecontentsofthe descriptorLOdata structure,changingthevaluefortheamountandtheMOHaddressofthestorage associatedwiththedynamicdescrip-POtor,as required.(Routinescan obviouslyaccessandaltertheFOcontentsofthestorage referencedbythe descriptor.WFOOpenVMS languagesthatincludesupportforstringsorKOarraysareexpectedtouse descriptorsforthe particularGO5 structure.)MostOpenVMS languages,suchasFortranandIOBASIC,use descriptorsentirelytransparently.,Some,likeHODECC,requirethe programmerto explicitlycreateand$O>maintainthe descriptor.NGOForfurther informationonstring descriptors,seethe(OOpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts 4manual,partofthe&O5OpenVMS documentationset.! NOOFortrandefaultstopassingintegersby referenceandcharac-POtersby descriptor.'The followingsitesdiscussmixingFortran;O5andCsourcecodeinthesame application: ^ `m;m1http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_ C_CALL.COM `E:E0ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_C_CALL.COM )?O10.14CHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanotherR( username?NOManyserver processescanoperatewithinthecontextoftheNOtargetuserusing privileges,usingcallssuchas sys$chkproHO^and(morecommonlyinthiscontext)sys$check_accessasKOneededto determineifaccesswouldbe permittedfortheAO specifieduserwithinthecurrentsecuritymodel.4  JOWithOpenVMSV6.2andlater,thepersonasystemservicesO (SYS$PERSONA_ *=)canbeusedtoassumethepersonaofthePO5 specified user-theseallowtheservertooperateasthespec-POifieduser,ina controlledfashion.)ThepersonaservicescanNObeusedasa "wrapper"arounda sys$creprcprocesscreationSO>call,as well-thiswillcreateaseperateprocessentirelyunder Otheassumedpersona.rHKO InformationonthepersonasystemservicesisincludedinIOtheOpenVMSV6.2newfeaturesdocumentation,andintheEO5OpenVMSV7.1andlatersystemservicesdocumentation.JOThesesystemservicesexistandare supportedinOpenVMS%OV6.2andlater releases.dHOTypical mechanismsforcreatingaprocessunderanotherOusernameinclude: `mGmpersonnaservicesarounda sys$creprccall.&Seeabove. `DviaDECnet task-to-task,usingexplicit specificationDEofusernameand password,orusingaDECnetproxy.HThiscreatesa network-modejobunderthetargetuser.BThe network-modejobmightdolittlemorethanaCO RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinvia task-to-task-D task-to-taskcommunicationsarefully availableusingCstrictly DCL-to-DCL processing,orusingacompiled$YlanguageandDCL,etc.) `< SUBMIT/USER,ortheusernameargumentontheJ0 sys$sndjbccall.(Thiscreatesa batch-modejobundertheG specified username.*The batch-modejobmightdolittleFmorethana RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinviaa: parameter. `DtheUICargumentonthe sys$creprccall.+Thismim-MicstheUICofthetargetuser,andis certainlynotthe/jprefered mechanismforthistask. `"Viapseudo-terminals... xIOTherearelikelyafewother mechanisms around...+ThereJOarevarioustools availablefromDECUSandothersourcesJO5thatallowvariousformsofuserimpersonation,aswell.KOThesetoolswillrequireversion-dependentkernelcodeandPOenhanced privilegesforsomeof(orallof)their operations.!! 2HO10.15CWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetachedR( processes?HOThe processingwithinrun-timelibrary(RTL)callssuchJOas lib$attach,lib$disable_ctrl,lib$do_command, lib$enable_MO^ctrl,lib$get_symbol,lib$run_program,lib$set_symbol,lib$set_QOlogical,and lib$spawn,is dependentonandrequiresthepres-MOenceofacommandlanguage interpreter(CLI),suchasDCL.LOhWithoutaCLIpresentinthecurrentprocess,thesecallsPOwillfailwitha"NOCLI,noCLIpresenttoperform function"Oerror.s"IIODetached processes typicallydonothaveaCLIpresent.# gQOInplaceof lib$spawn, sys$creprccanoftenbeused.&Thecon-NOtextoftheparentprocess(symbolsandlogicalnames)willJO5notbe propogatedintothe subprocesswhen sys$creprcisROused,thoughwhenthereisnoCLIpresentintheprocessthis,O(lackof) propogationismoot.$ fMOTocreateadetachedprocesswithaCLI,youmustspecifyHOLOGINOUTasthetargetimageas discussed elsewhereinRO5theFAQ,oronlyusethesecalls(andanyothercallsrequir-POingaCLI)fromimagesthatarerunninginan"interactive",/O"batch",or"other"modeprocess.3%  QOAlsonotethatthe lib$spawnandtheCsystemcallwillfailLOinaCAPTIVElogin environment.(The lib$spawncallcanbeOO5gottentoworkinthis environmentwiththe specificationofOtheTRUSTEDflag. &HO10.16CWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesandR( supportingfiles?JOTheBlisslanguage compilersand documentationareavail-:OableontheOpenVMSFreewaredistributions.'zOOBlisslanguagesourcecodethatcontainsthe followingstate-Oment:-aLIBRARY%'SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.L32';(NQOorsimilarrequiresthepresenceoftheBliss libraries.)TheseRO librariesarecreatedonthetargetsystemusingtheBlissre-QO5quirefiles,andarebuiltusingthe followingBliss commands:)iFO STARLET.L32containsthepublic interfacestoOpenVMS:>$%BLISS%'/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L32%-!zPSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQ*LOLIB.L32containsboththepublicandprivate interfacestoOOpenVMS::a$%BLISS%#/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L32%-5z+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.REQ+SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQ?+COThe equivilentfilesforBliss64arecreatedwith:<$%,BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L64%-5zP+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.R64+STARLET.REQ+STARLET.R64@$%0BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L64%-!zSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.R64, GOSomeBlisscodemayalsorequiretheOpenVMSVAXar-QO chitectureflags.)The followingisthe equivilentoftheAlpha O5 ARCH_DEFS.REQmodule: O!JO!&This%is%the&OpenVMS%VAX&version%of%ARCH_DEFS.REQ,%andJOI!&contains&the% architectural& definitions&for% conditionallyLO!& compiling%OpenVMS&Bliss&sources%for&use%on%VAX%systems.LO!&(If%you%should& encounter% compilation%errors%here,%pleaseDO!!& seriously%consider% upgrading%your%Bliss% compiler.) Oi! OMACRO%VAXPAGE&=%1%; OMACRO%BIGPAGE&=%0%; OA!OMACRO%VAX%=*!%=%1&if&compiled& BLISS/VAXCz%BLISS(BLISS32V)%;!%=%0&if&not%compiled% BLISS/VAXO:MACRO%EVAX&=A:!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*& (Obsolete,%old&name)Wz(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%ALPHA%=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*&(New%arch%name)Wz3(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%IA64&=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/I*&(New%arch%name)[z(%BLISS(BLISS32I)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64I))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%or%/AnnOMMACRO% ADDRESSBITS%=z %BPADDR%;5!%=%32%or%64%based%on%compiler%used8-KOSomeBlisscodemayrequirethe definitionfilesfortheFOOpenVMSolderLIBRTLroutine lib$tparse,orthenewer O5lib$table_parsecall:=$%BLISS%&/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]TPAMAC.L32%- zSYS$LIBRARY:TPAMAC.REQy. wOAO10.17CHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?UOUWhencreatingafile,itisoftenusefultoallowotherapplica-OOtionsandutilities-suchasTYPE-tosharereadaccesstotheWOfile.'Thispermitsyoutoexaminethecontentsofalogfile,forO^ instance./NJOACsourceexamplethat demonstrateshowtodothisisJO availableintopic(2867)intheOpenVMSAskTheWizardO5area:c09 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/1NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*1|?2NMO Dependingonthe environment,youmayneedtouseCcallsOOsuchasfsyncandfflush,and-inspecific cases-the setvbuf(_O5IONBF)call.3! <gCO10.18CHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,R( constants?JOUsetheGNMtoolsontheOpenVMSFreewaretohavecom-IOmonsourcesforMSG (message)filesandSDML (Document)@O^ documentationfiles.,UsetheDOCUMENTcommandtoGOconverttheSDML documentationintothe necessaryfor-HOmats(Text, Postscript,HTML,etc).(Usethe MESSAGE/SDLPOhtool(latentinOpenVMS)tocreateanSDLfilebasedontheLO messages.'ThenusetheSDLtool (availableontheOpenVMSOO Freeware)toconverttheSDLfileintolanguage-specificdef-MOr initions.+(Thereisalsoa converteraroundtoconvertSDLROintoSDML,ifyouwanttogetpicturesofthedata structures$O#foryourdocumentation.)I/4RGO10.19CHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfromanR( application?$O#include%{lib$routines.h}O#include% {ssdef.h}O-#include% {string.h}Omain() {*&char%ascic_debug_commands[128];3nchar%*dbgcmd&=%"*show&calls;go;exit";4strcpy(%ascic_debug_commands,%dbgcmd&);Gascic_debug_commands[0]%=%(char)%strlen(%dbgcmd%)%-&1;7-lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG,1,ascic_debug_commands);return&1; 9}=5 ,O10.20CDealingwith Endian-ness?AOUOpenVMSonVAX,OpenVMSonAlphaandOpenVMSonNOIntelIA-64 platforms(aswellasall MicrosoftWindowsim-JO plementationsand platforms)allsupportandallusetheIO^ little-endianbyte ordering.*CertainAlphamicroprocessorsKOandcertainIntelItanium processorscanbe configuredtoIOoperatein big-endianand potentiallyin bi-endianmode.1OhHP-UX typicallyoperates big-endian.6! ^NOWith little-endianbyteorder,theleast significantbyteisOOalwaysthefirstbyte;thebyteatthelowestaddress.+WithPO5 big-endianbyte ordering,thebytestorageorderinmemoryisQO dependentonthesizeofthedata(byte,word, longword)that Oisbeing referenced.7! WJO Endian-nessisaproblemhasbeensolvedmanytimesbe-MOfore.+Someofthetypical solutionsinclude htonl/htonsandPO5 ntohl/ntohsinthestandardClibraryandtheTCP/IPServicesIOXDR (eXternalDataRepresentation) libraries.*OneoftheKOmorerecently introducednetworkformats,andonethatisGO>seeing extensivepressand marketing coverage,isXML.N8! );O10.21CHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?EOUThemessageLINK-I-DATMISCHisinformational,andin-ROdicatesthattheversionofthe specified shareableimagefoundMOinthesystem shareableimage directorydoesnotmatchtheKO^versionofthe shareableimagethatwas originallyloadedJOinto IMAGELIB.OLB,oneoftheOpenVMS libraries typically$OsearchedbytheLINKER.9 zGOFroma privileged username,youcanusually completely:Orepairthisviathe followingDCLcommand:NOa$&LIB/REPLACE/SHARE&SYS$LIBRARY:IMAGELIB.OLB%SYS$SHARE:LIBRTL.EXE9: COThiscommandassumesthatthe shareableimagethatHOwasfoundinthe SYS$SHARE:areaisvalidandupward-OO5 compatiable,andthattheimagehassimplyreplacedanolder5Oversionwithoutalsoupdating IMAGELIB.k! 2BO10.23CStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?GOU DECthreadsV7.3andtheHPCcompiler(alsoknownasNOCompaqCandDECC)V6.4are presentlyexpectedtobethePOlastupdatesandthelastreleasesofthese developmentpack-HO^agesforuseonOpenVMSVAX.Therun-timesupportforEOboth DECthreads (CMA$RTL)andforC (DECC$CRTL)willSOcontinuetobe maintained,andwillcontinuetobe availableonIOhOpenVMSVAX.TheVAXCV3.2compileristhefinalVAXJOCcompilerreleaseforOpenVMSVAX,andtheVAXCRun-LOTimeLibrary (VAXCRTL)willalsocontinuetobe available.lNFONew developmentandnewfeaturesandproductenhance-FOmentscontinuefortheOpenVMSAlphaandtheOpenVMS/O5IA-64 DECthreadsandC compilers. om! wEFO10.24CChoosingaVersionNumberfor ApplicationCode?IOUOneofthecommonrules-of-thumbforchoosingaversionQOnumberforanewversionofalayeredproductoranapplica-SOtion,anditsexpectedeffectsonclient applicationsandusers,O^follows: n  `mFmNo functionalandnoapplication-visiblechanges,bug-Jfixesonly-theeditnumberis incremented.'ThesetendtoKbeverysmall,very isolated,or ECO-levelchanges.'TheseIwcanalsobe distributionsforspecifichardwareconfigu-Grationsor platforms,asisthecasewithanOpenVMSC(LimitedHardwareRelease(LHR). ApplicationrebuildsLarenot expected,andthereisan assumptionthatgeneralG user-providedapplication-related regressiontestingwill2notbe required. `EMinimal functionalandveryfew user-visiblechanges-A the maintenancenumberis incremented.,ThesetendDbtobeverysmalloreven ECO-levelchanges,thoughFsomewhatlargerthanan edit-levelchange.) ApplicationMrebuildsarenot expected,andthereisan assumptionthatGl user-providedapplication-related regressiontestingwillnotbe required. `D<DVarioussmallandupward-compatible functional? changes-theminorversionnumberis incremented.FThechangesare user-visible,andareintendedtobeIM user-visible.( Applicationrebuildsarenot expected.(SomeE application programmersmaychoosetoperformregres-siontests. `~F~Largeand/or potentially incompatible changes-themajorFversionnumberis incremented.'Some applicationsmightI/ needtoberebuilt.(Various application programmerswillG choosetoperform regressiontestsoftheir respective  applications.oWIOFor additionalversion-numbering materialsandforinfor-EOmationon assigningmodule generationnumbers,pleasetheOpenVMS documentationset.hp >QOOfcourse,allofthisis obviouslysubjecttointerpretation,LO particularlyaroundthe distinctionbetweenlargeandsmallRO5changesandsuch.(Thescaleofthe applicationisalsoafac-POtor,aslargerandmorecomplex applicationswilltendtowardIOsmaller incrementsandwilltendtoseethe maintenanceFO>number incremented,whilenewreleasesofsmallerap-KO plicationswilltendtoseetheminorversion incremented%Osomewhatmore frequently.qNVOThegoalofallthisistoprovideaguidetorelativescaleofOOchangesandthe associatedeffortinvolvedinanupgradefor?O5theuserand/orforthe application programmer.srI8O10.25C SelectingaProcessDump Directory?JOUYoucan customizethedeviceand directoryforthepro-DOcessdumpbydefiningthelogicalnames SYS$PROCDMP;OandSYS$PROTECTED_PROCDMP.TheformerisforNO^non-privilegeddumps,whilethelatteristhelocationwhereLO privilegedimagedumpsarewritten,and preferablyanarea?O protectedagainst untrustedaccess.'Forexample:/O$&define% SYS$PROCDMP% SYS$ERRORLOG:@O$&define%/exec%SYS$PROTECTED_PROCDMP% SYS$ERRORLOG:spAOTheabouvepresumesthatthe SYS$ERRORLOGlogical/Onamepointstoavalid location.t }OOThereis presentlynomeanstochangethenameofthegen-@Oerateddumpfilefrom IMAGENAME.DMPto somethingRO5else.' Accordingly,youwillwanttouse differenttargetdirec-SOtoriesforthispurpose, particularlyifthereismorethanoneIO applicationorprocess potentiallywritingprocessdumps.u! )0O10.26CAccesstoItanium Assembler?NOUIfyouare interestedin accessingthenativeIntelItaniumDO assemblerwithintheOpenVMSI64GNVenvironment-andNOsincetheiasi64 assemblerisaUnixprogramandGNVisaEO^Unix environmentforOpenVMSI64-youcansimplycopyXO iasi64.extintoyour gnu:[bin] directoryinplaceof``as.'',andofO ``AS.EXE''.vNQO Alternatelyandprobablyalsobetter,youcanwritean``as.''KOscripttoinvokethe iasi64.exeimagefromits particular5O5preferedlocationonthelocalsystem.w!f9OAtypical``as.'''scriptlookslikethis:-Opath/iasi64.exe%$1%$2%$3%$4%$5| r5OTable11-1:7XWindowsDisplayCommands O OFShellFCommand Ob  Ocsh,$#setenvDISPLAYvms.domain:0.0Oshandksh:#$DISPLAY=vms.domain:0.0;exportDISPLAY ODCL3 $SETDISPLAY/CREATE/NODE=vms.domain-6X,/TRANSPORT=TCPIP/SERVER=server/SCREEN=screen O ]Cx%O 11.2 DECwindows^4GO11.3CHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOWDISPLAY'(intoasymbol?usingtheDCLsymboldecw$start_new_desktopinthe@O DECwindowsprivate applicationsetupcommandpro-6Ocedure.-SeeSYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_FOHSETUP.TEMPLATEforfurtherdetails,andhowtocreate&ODECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COM.WGONotethatwith DECwindowsCDE,therootwindowisnoNOlongervisiblebydefault.)TherootwindowishiddenbehindHO5the "backdrop"windowofthecurrentCDE workspace.*ToJOmaketherootwindowvisible,usetheCDEstylemanagerMO selection "backdropnone",anduse informationsuchasthatintheOpenVMSFAQtosettherootwindow. kGOToaddanewbackdroptothe DECwindowsCDEenviron-QOment,thebackdropmustfirstbeinorbe convertedintoX11OO5pixmapformat.((This conversionisoftenpossibleusingtoolsOOsuchasxv.))Then(if necessary)createthedefaultbackdrop>O directory)SYS$COMMON:[CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.BACKDROPS].NO>PlacetheX11pixmapfile containingthedesiredimageintoPOthe backdrops directory,ensurethatithasafilenameexten-OOsionof.PM.(Thexvdefaultfilename extensionfortheX11ROHpixmapfileis.XPM,whileCDEexpectsonlytoseefileswithKO.PM.)NowinvoketheCDEstylemanagerandselectanewQO backdrop.(Youwillfindyourimagewillbeplacedattheend2ORofthelistof backdrops available. NPOIfyourequireamessagebeincludedontheinitialdisplay-OOwherethestartsessiondisplayandthelogo appears-youcan6O5useeitherofthe following approaches:*!MWIfyourequireamessageontheinitialdisplaywheretheLstartsessionandlogoappears,youcanusethe following approaches.<WThesimplestapproachrequiresOpenVMSV7.3-2@orlater,andthe corresponding DECwindowsV1.3-I1kitorlater..Youwillwanttocreateafilenamed1a"SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$GREET.TXT,andGthiswillbe displayedina popup-withanOKbutton-Mwhentheloginboxis displayed.)Thisisintendedspecifi-@kcallyfor applications requiringsuchadisplay.YDWThesecondapproachinvolvescopyingthefilefile:OESYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.SYSTEM.CONFIG.C]XRESOURCES.DATRtoDSYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.CONFIG.C]XRESOURCES.DAT,Maandeditingthecopy.& Specifically,lookforthe following:'Dtlogin*greeting.labelString:NDWThelineisnormally commentedout,andbydefault containsthestring:"5Welcome&to& %localhost% MWYoucanchangethistextto somethingakintothefollow-ing:?5Dtlogin*greeting.labelString:JWelcome%to%Heck&\n\X}This&is&a%Trusted%System%owned%by%the&Rulers%of%the%planet&Zark\n\ \n\ We%Come&In&Peace\n\ T\nIIf%you%want%Privacy,%you've%come%to%the%wrong%place\n\ \ngp==WThelinesoftextwillbecenteredforyou.y%OKWInmost DECwindows versions,youwillbeabletoonbtainMonlyabouteight(8)linesoftext.(Changeshavebeenim-G plementedin DECwindowsV1.3andlaterthatpermitup8atoabout twenty-five(25)linesoftext. `<ThesimplestapproachrequiresOpenVMSV7.3-2@9orlater,andthe corresponding DECwindowsV1.3-I1kitorlater..Youwillwanttocreateafilenamed1"SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$GREET.TXT,andGBthiswillbe displayedina popup-withanOKbutton-Mwhentheloginboxis displayed.)Thisisintendedspecifi-@callyfor applications requiringsuchadisplay. `ssThesecondapproachinvolvescopyingthefileESYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.SYSTEM.CONFIG.C]XRESOURCES.DATRtoDSYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.CONFIG.C]XRESOURCES.DAT,L$andeditingthecopy.* Specifically,lookforthe following|text:'Dtlogin*greeting.labelString:NDWThelineisnormally commentedout,andbydefault containsthestring:"5Welcome&to& %localhost%86 FWYoucanchangethistextusingthe followingsyntax:KDtlogin*greeting.labelString:J Unauthorized&Access% Permitted\n\.$Press%OK%to%Crash%the% System\n\ l\n\6The%Rulers&of&Zark%are&Such% Kidders\n\ \nlpBBWEachlineoftextwillbe automatically centered. nJWInmost DECwindows versions,youwillbeabletoobtainNonlyabouteight(8)linesoftexthere, regardlessoftheFfontorother settings.*Changeshavebeen implementedDawithin DECwindowsV1.3andlaterthatpermituptoLabout twenty-five(25)linesoftextusingthis mechanism. QOTheloginlogoisstoredasanXPMbitmapimageinthetextZOfileJSYS$SYSROOT:[SYSCOMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.SYSTEM.APPCONFIG.ICONS.C]DECDTLOGO.PM,O5anditcanbechanged.'CopythefiletoHSYS$SYSROOT:[SYSCOMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.APPCONFIG.ICONS.C]DECDTLOGO.PM,JOas DECwindowsupgradescanreplacethesystemversionofOthisfile.X .HOOn DECwindowsV1.3-1andlater(andpossiblyonV1.3),FOboth DECwindowsCDEand DECwindowsMotifdisplaysuseMO5thislogofile.)Onolder releases,onlythe DECwindowsCDETOdisplaysusedthislogofile,whilethelogousedfortheMotifMOlogindisplaywas hard-codedintothepackageandtheonly?O> availableoverrideistheDECW$LOGINLOGOcommandGO procedure mechanismwithinthe customized, site-specific,ODECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COMfile.GOLookatthecontentsofthe DECDTLOGO.PMfileandatOother $*Ofoundinthe DECwindows DECW$KEYMAP: directory.wM3OForother keymapping information,seeSection11.7.2.*F?! KO11.7.2CWhydoestheDELETEkeydeleteforwardinsteadofg( backward?8OSeetheSETTERMINAL/BACKSPACEcommandon$OOpenVMSV8.1andlater.Y! /NOThis behaviourinvolvestheMotifvirtualkey bindings.'WhenQOaMotif applicationstarts,itlooksatthevendorstringre-NO5turnedinthedisplay connection informationandattemptstoBOmatchthestringtoatableofvirtual bindings.d :ROYoucanoverridethedefaultbindingsinyourdecw$xdefaults.datSOfile.'HereistheentryyouwouldmaketogetthedefaultVMSO5 bindings.#O*defaultVirtualBindings:\t  osfCancel&: j jM v F11 M j  \n\t`osfLeft%: & )M/^ Left )M v `\n\tosfUpK: ~Z M  Up RM Z y\n\tosfRight%: E EMX  Right #M E% J\n\tfosfDown%: , /M/d Down /M | f\n\t osfEndLine%:Alt  M Right M  \n\t osfBeginLine&:Alt J JMY Left M J+ #\n\tl osfPageUp&: j2 j5M}j Prior H5M j pl\n\t osfPageDown%:  M Next fM  \n\t osfDelete&:Shift %  %M; Delete 0M %0  W\n\trosfUndo%:Alt 8  :Mo Delete :M   r\n\t osfBackSpace&:   M Delete M   \n\t  osfAddMode%:Shift JZ JM R F8 M J6Z  \n\txosfHelp%: > @M/u Help @M  x\n\tosfMenu%: Z M ' F4 wM Z \n\t& osfMenuBar%:  M $ F10 M < ;&\n\t} osfSelect&: jD  jFM{ Select uFM j  }\n\t osfActivate%: f M KP_Enter M f A\n\t,osfCopy%:Shift : M* DRemove M B: 9,\n\tosfCutK: J: LM: DRemove WLM : \n\tosfPaste%: E  EM[ Insert PM E iuOTomerge:,O$&xrdb%:==&$decw$utils:xrdb.exe5OP$&xrdb%-nocpp&-merge%decw$xdefaults.datN8OAlsonotethattheDECW$UTILS:DECW$DEFINE_GO UTILS.COM procedurecanbeusedto establishthexrdbO5andothersymbols. OOAlsoseetheDECxterm directoryofFreewareV5.0fordetailsFOon connectingtoOpenVMSfromvariousUNIX platforms.wM3OForother keymapping information,seeSection11.7.1.*F? %CO11.8CWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?EOUYes,XtAppAddInput( )doesworkonOpenVMS.TheMITLO definitionoftheXWindowscallXtAppAddInput( )includes'Oplatform-specific arguments.  NMOOn platformswhereCisthe typicallytheprimaryprogram-NOminglanguageforthe platform,thefile descriptormaskisDO5oneofthe argumentstotheXtAppAddInput( )call. aIOOnOpenVMS,theplatform-specific argumentstothiscallOOincludeaneventflagandanIOSB,asthesearethetradi-JO5tionalOpenVMS constructsusedto synchronizethecomple-OOtionof asynchronous operations.)WhileitwouldbeeasiertoJOport non-OpenVMSCcodethatcallsXtAppAddInput( )overKO>toOpenVMSifthe argumentsincludedtheCfiledescrip-LOtor,thiswouldmakethecallunusablefromotherOpenVMSIO languages,andwouldmakeit extremely difficulttouseAOHOpenVMSfeaturessuchasASTsandsys$qiocalls.q! GQOOne restrictionontheeventflag:(theeventflagchosenmustNObefromeventflagclusterzero.)Whenusingthe traditionalSO5 lib$get_efand lib$free_efcallstoallocateand deallocateeventUOflags,youmustfirst explicitlycall lib$free_eftofreeupsomePOeventflagsineventflagclusterzero.+PleaseseetheeventQO>flag documentationforspecificdetailsonthesecallsandforPOspecificeventflagsthatcanbefreedineventflagclusterOzero., QOHereissomeexamplecodethatcoverscallingthisroutineonOOpenVMS:'a m->InputID%=&XtAppAddInput(z m->AppCtx,z m->InputEF,z9 m->InputIosb,z the_callback,%1%);(if%(%!((int)& m->InputID%)) z{zYXtAppErrorMsg( m->AppCtx,"invalidDevice",0"XtAppAddInput",x"XtToolkitError",""Can't%Access&Device",(String&*)&NULL,!P (Cardinal%*)%NULL%); z...! >O11.9CWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovethe'( DECwindowscursor?MOCongratulations,youhavejuststumbledinto``deadrodent''COmode.)This DECwindowsenvironment-wherethekeyboardKO^arrowkeysmovethemousecursorandwherethe [SELECT],JO[PREV],and[NEXT]keysemulatethethreemousebuttons-GOallows rudimentarysystem operationswhenthemouseis!Ohamongthe casualties. NOToenterorexit``deadrodent''mode,enterthe following: O: OT CTRL/SHIFT/F3 T O: J  ?O11.11C%DECW-W-NODEVICE,NographicsdevicefoundR(onthissystem?-OToresolvethe followingerror:JO2%DECW-W-NODEVICE,%No%graphics%device%found%on%this%systemOOz-DECW-I-NODECW,% DECwindows%graphics%drivers&will%not&be&loadedn$D `m=mEnsurethatthesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMWissetto1.)Ifitisnotsettoavalueof1,issuethecom-mands:#$&run%sys$system:sysgenUSE%CURRENT3SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%1{WRITE%ACTIVEWRITE%CURRENT EXIT6 /$WThenrebootthesystem. `>OnOpenVMSAlpha,ensuretheSYSMANIOPREFIXJ/LISTisset correctly,and specificallyensuretheDECW$Uprefixisincludedintheexistinglist.)Ifitisnot,youwillneedtoaddit:#e$&run%sys$system:sysmanIO%SHOW&PREFIXQIO%SET%PREFIX=(DECW$,*)p*%=%list&returned&by&the%show&command=IO%AUTO/LOGEXIT `;EnsurethattheimageSYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM.EXEU]is installedinmemory.'Ifitisnot installed,theninstallit:4$&INSTALL% LIST/FULL&SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM2)$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM+q$&EDIT%SYS$MANAGER:SYCONFIG.COM;$!%The% following&line%was&added&to&install7>$!%support&for%the%Mach64&Graphics&Card $!2$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM$&^ZNp$$WThenrebootthesystem.*GWTheICBM mechanismisnotusedonandnotneededby-morerecent DECwindows versions. `/@/Ifthesystemstill complains``%DECW-W-NODEVICE,ANographicsdevicefoundonthis system'',then:L 7" h'YhBootthesystemasnormal YLoginasSYSTEM. f:YfCreatethefileSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$USER_:YAUTOCONFIG.DAT. ProtectionmustpermitworldYreadaccess. BYAddthe followingstringontheveryfirstline:#Y CLEAR_PFLAG&=% ISA_4BYTE YSavethefile %YSetthefile protectionsGY$%SET&PROTECTION=W:RE%$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$USER_AUTOCONFIG.DAT YRebootthesystemU+OAlsosee}Section11.5.*}F?  @O11.12CHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?;OUWith! DECwindows CDE drivers!and ECOs start-AOingwithECOsforthe DECwindowskeyboarddriversetting (keyclickisnot availableinaPC-style keyboard)andMOthebellvolumesettingtocontrolthepitchand duration.= KO DECwindowsCDEdoesprovideslidersforsettingpitchandGO duration,sothekeyboarddriverandXWindowsServerKO5weremodifiedtoprovideallofthe information,andnowEOthe DECwindowsCDEsliderswork.,Thischangeisun-JO fortunately incompatiblewiththeoldschemeusedontheJO>pre-CDE desktops,andthevolumecontrolsarenowincom-NOpatiblewiththecurrentkeyboarddrivers.)HencetheuseofOxset.DO11.13CHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?POUToselectaseparatebackdroptobe displayedoneachscreen!Ousing DECwindowsCDE:! 5 `mFmClickonthe ApplicationManager.+Thisisthedrawer&iconontheCDEtoolbar. `E#EClickonDesktopTools `MClickonSetDefaultScreenandselecttherequiredscreen `DIDClickontheStyleManager.*Thisistheone containing5themouseandtttontheCDEtoolbar `'Nowchangethe background.Q7!  HO11.14CHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP TransportAOUTo configuretheTCP/IP transportfor DECwindows,KOfirstensurethataTCP/IPpackageis installedandcon-=Ofigured.0ThensettheDCLsymbol DECW$SERVER_3O^ TRANSPORTSinSYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_FOSERVER_SETUP.COMtothe appropriatelocalvalue,basedQOonthecommentsinthatfile.+Ifyoudonothaveacopyof4Oh*SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,POtheusethe followingCOPYcommandtocreatethisfilebased,Oontheprovidedtemplatefile:DO$&COPY%.SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.TEMPLATE%->O$_%0SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM.O11.15CCanIuse DECwindows1.2- e*onOpenVMSV7.3-2R(orlater?%OTheshortanswerisno.*! COOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2onlysupports DECwindowsMotifOOV1.3andlater.'Ifyourequire DECwindowsV1.2-6orearlier,MO5thenyouarelimitedto operationsonOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1!Oandearlier releases.IOThecentral technicalreasoninvolves depdendenciesamongNOthepartsoftheX11 subsystemthatare deliveredwiththeFO5baseOpenVMS operatingsystem includingtheXWindowsLOdisplayserverandthe transportimages,andthepartsofEOthe DECwindowsproductthatare deliveredwithintheKO> DECwindows installationkits includingtheclient libraries-Oandthe DECwindows applications.< KO DECwindowsV1.3andlatermade substantialchangestotheMO transportlayer,andtheserequired correspondingchangestoKO5boththe associatedclientandservercode.)OpenVMSAlphaNOV7.3-2includestheserverand transportwiththeV1.3mod-NO ifications.)ThesechangeswereinsupportoftheupgradeofHO>XlibfromX11R5toX11R6.6,andtransport-levelchangesKO associatedwithsupportoftheKerberosandLBX features.K!JOIfyouattempttoload DECwindowsV1.2-6imagesontoanEOOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2orlatersystem,the DECwindowsOO5 librarieswillnotfunctionwithwithsystemimagesandwillCO particularlynotfunctionwiththe transportlayer.'Y! w/7O11.16CHowtoaddFontsinto DECwindows?COUThe followingassumes DECwindowsV1.3-1andOpenVMSOOAlphaV7.3-2andlaterunlessstated otherwise,andcanper-POmitfontsofvariousformatstobeaddedintothe DECwindowsO^ environment.{ sQQOThe recommendedlocationforuserfontfilesistoplacethemPOinthe directorieswhicharereservedforthispurpose,typi-?O5callylocatedbelowtheSYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW]O directory./O%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_100DPI].OZ$SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_75DPI]zKOTheaboveare recommendedforPCFfilesof100DotsPerCOInch(DPI)andof75DPI resolution, respectively./Oa%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_COMMON]8HOTheaboveis recommendedforotherPCFfiles,suchasMOterminal (charactercell)fonts,andfontsusedbyspecificO5 applications.1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_CURSOR16]1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_CURSOR32]!d5OTheaboveare recommendedforcursors./O%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_SPEEDO]=63OSPEEDOis recommendedforSPDfiles.1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_TRUETYPE]>Ol USER_TRUETYPEis recommendedforTrueType(TTF)IOfonts.1Fontsplacedinthis directoryshouldbeinthe(O ``Windows/Linux''format.WyKOThe directorywillcontainthefontfiles themselves,andIOadatafile that describeseachfontinthe directory. TRUETYPE,TYPE1,etc.)TOMakesurethatthefile protectiononthefontfilesissetto/Oallowworldaccesstothefonts.NIOForexample:)toaddTrueTypefontsto DECwindows,place>OthefontfilesinSYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_O5 TRUETYPE]U, }+9OA directorylistingmightlooklikethis:TrueTypefontswillnormallybeattheendofthislist.(SelectSOthedesiredfontfamily,thenselecttheSize(dpi)(whichwillPOalwaysbe0(0)forTrueTypefonts),andthevariousfontop-OOHtions(Weight,Slant,Width,etc.))shouldappearinthenextNOwindow.+YoushouldthenbeabletoselectthedesiredfontVOandclick"OK"or"Apply"touseit,or"Cancel"toexitwithoutORchangingthefont. _OOIfyoudon'tseeallofthefontsyouadded,checktoseeDOthatthenumberatthe beginningofthe DECW$FONT_O5 DIRECTORY 4@*BZ5.DATfileiscorrect,thatthefilesaresettoPOworld(or appropriate)access,andthatTrueTypefontsareinO Stream_LFformat.LOSome applicationsrequireenteringafullfontname,which:Owilllooklikethefont descriptionentry.9OOPleasekeepinmindthatnotall applicationscanuseeveryHOfontwhichmaybe availableonyoursystem.,Forexam-QO5ple,DECtermisdesignedtousefamiliesoffonts specificallyOOdesignedfor charactercell applications.)Otherfonts(specif-JOically TrueType)maywork erratically,andmayresultinPO>anunusabledisplay.)Itisbesttouseonly monospacedfonts>O specificallyintendedforDECtermwithDECterm.? 6OThe'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_TRUETYPE]BOdoesn'texistonOpenVMSVAXV7.3with DECwindowsNO5V1.2-6,butthe procedureabovedoesappeartoworkiftheOO directoryiscreatedandthe instructionsaboveare followed.mS%))O 12.2 Miscellaneous! Information8 JO12.1CWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol'( sequences?NO Informationonescapeandcontrol sequencescanbefoundin Othe1OpenVMSI/OUser's ReferenceManual,inthechapterOO^ontheterminaldriver.)ThechapteralsoincludesdetailsonCOthegeneralformatandcontentofthese sequences. zPOSpecificdetailsontheescapeandcontrol sequences supportedRObya particularserialdeviceare typicallyfoundinthedocu-LO5 mentationprovidedwiththespecificdevice.( InformationonFOthe sequences supportedby DECwindowsDECtermterminalFOemulatorareincludedinthe DECwindowsdocumentation.@OExamplesofcommonescapeandcontrol sequences-COthose typicallyusedbytheOpenVMSscreenmanage-FO5ment package-canbefoundintheOpenVMSsystemfile"OSYS$SYSTEM:SMGTERMS.TXT. MOThe followingreferstothefunctionkeysonthe LK-seriesHO keyboardsfoundonthe VT-series terminalssuchastheLO5VT220andVT510,andthe LK-series keyboardsfoundontheFOOpenVMS workstations,andthe keyboardsfoundoncom-OOpatible terminals.)(Thoughnotethatthekeyboarditselfdoes O>notE>generatethe sequence,theterminalorterminalemu-NOlator generatesthesequenceinresponsetouserinput.)*InPOthe following,{CSI}isdecimalcode155andcanbereplacedKOHbythesequence"{ESC}["(withoutthequotes) particularlyPOfor seven-bit operations,SS3isdecimalcode143andcanbeKOreplacedby"{ESC}O" particularlyfor seven-bit operations.LOROlderVT1xxseries terminalsandanyother terminalsoper-NOatingwith seven-bit charactersshouldnotbesent eight-bit1O operatorssuchas{CSI}and{SS3}.8O PF1={SS3}P& PF2={SS3}Q% PF3={SS3}R% PF4={SS3}SPO KP0={SS3}p& KP1={SS3}q% KP2={SS3}r% KP3={SS3}s& KP4={SS3}t% KP5={SS3}uXO KP6={SS3}v& KP7={SS3}w% KP8={SS3}x% KP9={SS3}y&KPCOMMA={SS3}l&KPMINUS={SS3}mWO_KPPERIOD={SS3}n% ENTER={SS3}M&DNARROW={CSI}B&UPARROW={CSI}A&LFARROW={CSI}DVORTARROW={CSI}C% FIND={CSI}1~%INSERT={CSI}2~%REMOVE={CSI}3~%SELECT={CSI}4~XO PREV={CSI}5~% NEXT={CSI}6~& F6={CSI}17~& F7={CSI}18~& F8={CSI}19~& F9={CSI}20~NO7 F10={CSI}21~% F11={CSI}23~& F12={CSI}24~% F13={CSI}25~% F14={CSI}26~\O HELP={CSI}28~& DO={CSI}29~& F17={CSI}31~% F18={CSI}32~% F19={CSI}33~& F20={CSI}34~<FOAnexampleofworkingwithescape sequences(inDCL)Ofollows:Oa$&esc5m&=%"*[5m"O$& esc5m[0,8]%=%27O$&esc0m&=%"*[0m"O9$& esc0m[0,8]%=%27DO$&write& sys$output%esc5m%+% "blinking%text"%+%esc0m xMO DocumentationonanANSIterminal relativelysimilartothe+OVT525seriesis availableat: `m>m4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_prog/ `>4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_user/x NNOAlsoseethevarious documentationandmanuals availableat:T* `mmhttp://www.vt100.net/ [NO InformationontheReGISgraphics charactersetis available Oat:Y `m<m2http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_regis_news.txt9OAlso:j@ `m5m+http://www.boundless.com/Text_Terminals/VT/mCOAlsosee}Section11.6,LSection8.11.*}F?*LF?~tqGGO12.2CDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel'(port?HOTheparallelprintingportLRA0:)foundonmanyOpenVMSHOAlphasystemsiscapableofsome bidirectionalcommuni-NO^cations,withenoughforbasic operationswithmostparallelO printers.! NJODECprint(DCPS)requiresmorethanjustthesimplehand-NOshakingprovidedbytheLRA0:'port, thereforeDCPSdoesnot'O5workwiththeLRA0:'port.KO12.3CHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?GOUYoucannotknowforcertain,thoughyoucan certainly-Oestimatethe remaining capacity. _LOTapemediais differentthandiskmedia,asdiskshaveaEOknownandpre-determinedfixed capacity.+ModerndisksOO5alsoappear logicallyperfect,basedonbadblock revectoringPOsupportandtheextrablockshiddenwithinthedisk structure/Oforthesebadblock replacements.! NOThecapacityoftapemediaisnotnearlyaspre-determined,GOandthecapacitycanvaryacross differenttapemediaLO5 (slightly differentmedialengthsor differentfoilmarkersQOorother variations,for instance)andevenonthesamemediaPOovertime(asbadspotsinthemediaarise).)TapescanvaryJO>theamountof recordingmedia required, dependingontheOO remaininglengthofthetape,thenumbersof correctableandIO uncorrectablemediaerrorsthatmightoccur,thenumbersMOHandsizesofthe inter-recordgapsandrelatedtapestruc-KOture overhead,the particularmediaerrorrecoverychosen,OOthetapedensity,the efficientlyofanydata compressioninMORuse,andthestorageoverheadrequiredbyBACKUP,tar,and#Oothersimilar commands. ! NLOBACKUPusingwiththedefaultsettingsresultsinapproxi-OOmately15% overhead,intermsofsavesetsize.'(eg:&AssumingDO5a500KBinput,thetotalsizewouldbe575KB.)b$OAssumingno compression:>O4GBmedia/575KBsaveset=7294savesetsr%OAssuming1:2 compression:?O8GBmedia/575KBsaveset=14588savesets ^_UaNote ^_CThereareno inter-recordgapsonDATtapes.(When@> determiningmedia capacity,youhavetoconsiderCthesegapswith nine-trackmagtapemediaandotherCformatswithgaps.,ThisisnotthecasewithDATFH(DDS),astheformathasno recordinggaps.'However,Btheblock structure underneaththevariablelengthJrecord recordingisbasedonablocksizeofcirca124DRKB.Further,writingdoubles filemarksandsuchcanIcausealossofuptothe underlyingblocksize.)ThusDeventhoughthereareno inter-recordgapsonDAT,6[largersavesetsarestillusuallybest. ! gMOThe compression algorithmsusedonvariousdevicesaregen-MOerallynotdocumented-further,thereisnowayto calculateOO5the effectivedata compressionratio,thetapemark overhead,ROandsimilargivenjustthedatatobestoredon tape-shortof,Oactuallytryingit,ofcourse.c 9KOAtypical compressionratiofoundwith "everyday"datais,O somewherearound1:1.8to1:2. ^_UaNote ^_:OpenVMSoftenusestheterm COMPACTIONfor@> compressioncontrol,asinthe qualifier/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION. G na4O12.4CSowhathappenedto sys$cmsuper?-OUThereisno SYS$CMSUPRservice. WLOThetypicalwisdomforgettinginto supervisoraccessmodeNO(fromusermode)istoexecutearoutinein executivemodeJO5(viaacallto SYS$CMEXECandthe appropriate privilege)DOandthenissuea SYS$DCLASTwiththeASTADRparam-KOeterpointingtoyourroutineentrypointandtheACMODE0O> parameter specifiedas PSL$C_SUPER. ! NMOAlternatively,youcanresetmodeinthecallstackreturnOOpathandunwindfrom executiveorkerneloutinto supervisorO5mode.W$  :O12.5C CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?AOUIfyouhavemultipleLMF$LICENSE.LDB databasesinDOyourOpenVMSCluster,theneachandeveryPAKmustMObe installedineachandeverylicensedatabasepresentinAO^anOpenVMSCluster./Evenifyouuse/EXCLUDEorNO /INCLUDE,youneedtohavea consistentsetofPAKsregis-MOteredacrossall licensing databasespresentintheOpenVMSOhCluster. ROIfyoursoftwarelicensepermitsit,youcanusethe following5OtwocommandstotransferlicensePAKs:Oa$&LICENSE%COPY...>O$&LICENSE%ISSUE/PROCEDURE/OUTPUT=file& product,...Pb&MOTodisplaythe particular license(s)required(suchaswhenGOyoureceivea NOLICENSEerror),usethe followingDCLO5 sequence:'O$&SET%PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=ALLO$& REPLY/ENABLE?OI$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGEWPOThislogicalnamewillcausealllicensefailurestogenerateHOOPCOM messages,andthiswill hopefullyshowwhichli-OO5cense(s)youneed-theremaywellalsobe additionallicenseKOfailures displayed,asvariousproductscancheckforandMOcanbeenabledbymultiplelicensePAKs.+Youwillwantto4O>deassignthislogicalnamewhendone./! 5OSomeofthemorecommonlicensePAKs:ODECnet%Phase%IV:p DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*P DECnet-Plus:;_P DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*3TCP/IP% Services:pUCX,&or& NET-APP-SUP*AOpenVMS%Alpha: OPENVMS-ALPHA&and%OPENVMS-ALPHA-USER(OpenVMS%VAX:_(VAX-VMS*pOpenVMS%Galaxy:OPENVMS-GALAXY6Cluster%(Alpha):p VMSCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*4Cluster%(VAX): VAXCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*0EOVarious NET-APP-SUP(NAS)licensepackagesareavail-NOable,eachwith differing collectionsofproducts authorized.GO5SeethevariousNASSoftwareProduct Description(SPD),O documentsforspecificdetails.b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.! zROTo determinewhichlicensePAKisfailing(viaalicensecheck7OfailureOPCOM message),usethecommand:EOa$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE%TRUE jLORealizethatdefiningthislogicalnamewillcauselicenseLOchecksthatare otherwisehidden(unimplemented,latent,orWO5partofacheckforanyofaseriesof licenses)tobecomevisi-ROble.'Inotherwords,expecttoseesomespuriouslicensecheck)Ocallswhenyoudefinethis.bDOFor informationonPAKGENandon generatinglicenseOPAKs,pleaseseeSection10.10.)For informationon obtainingLO5 commercialandhobbyist licenses,andfor additionaladmin-6Ostrative informationonLMF,pleasesee Section2.8.4 andOSection2.8.1.*?* P?*O?pV%,,O 13.2Finding!and!using"Software."?O13.2CWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?@OUThereisanOpenVMSDCLandUNIXshellcommand(O comparisontablepostedat:W `m5m+http://avmp01.mppmu.mpg.de/vmsdoc/UNIX_VMS_ CMD_XREF.HTML?VEO13.2.1CPOSIX-compliantversionsofPOSIXroutinesandg( utilitiesKOlex,yacc,grep,tar, uuencode, uudecode,rcs,man,cpio,KOmake,awk,ar,mail,etc.,thePOSIXshell,thePOSIXC'O= programming interface,etc.! POPOSIX utilitiescanbeusedfromwithinthePOSIXshell,and?OviatheDCL `POSIX/RUNPOSIX$BIN:tool.''command.D! OOPOSIXisaseparately-installedpackage,andislicensedwithLOOpenVMSV5.5later.)ThePOSIX installationkitisincludedNO5onthe consolidated distributionCD-ROMkit,and installation1Okitsarealso available separately.i ?FOThePOSIXpackageisnolonger supportedonOpenVMS,HO componentsofthePOSIXstandardsuchaspartsoftheEO5POSIXAPIarebeingaddedintoOpenVMS.VersionsofIOPOSIX generallydonotoperateonV7.xOpenVMSVAXand#OOpenVMSAlpha releases. 3O13.2.2CCsystemandlibraryroutinesJO4CommonCsystemandlibraryroutinesarepresentintheJODECCrun-timelibrary,whichis availableforV5.5andSOlater,andisshippedinV6.1andlater.'DECCistheupgradeHO=forVAXC,DECCandVAXCcancoexistonthesameFOsystemOpenVMSVAXsystem,andboth compilerscanbe/Oenabledviathe"C"licensePAK.NJOAlsoseeSYS$EXAMPLES:,and(ifeitheris installed)the=ODECW$EXAMPLES:andTCPIP$EXAMPLES(orpriorto'O5V5.0,UCX$EXAMPLES:)areas.p6O13.2.3CXWindows utilitiesandroutinesJO4VariousXWindows utilitiesare availablefor DECwindows.FO DECwindowsisanimplementationoftheXWindowsen-MO vironmentand libraries,andprovidesvarious libraries,andJO=providesvariousdesktop interfaces, includingCOE,Motif,OandXUI.- FOxwd,xev,mosaicwebbrowser,xrdb,bmtoaandatobm,FOxpr,ico,etc./are available./Lookin DECW$UTILS:inKO5 DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3andlater.'AlsoseeDECW$EXAMPLES:,OforexampleXandC programs.@ DO Miscellaneous tools andexamplesare also available.DOExamplesincludetheolderDWAUTH(XWindowsSYSUAFSO5authorize-liketool)tool,variousversionsofgrep,fgrep,yacc,LOvmstar, uuencode,gawk,etc.'htmltools,themxSMTPmailGOexchangepackage,Xwindowsflight simulator,themxrnEO>Xwindowsnewsreader,theOSUHTTPDWWWserver,aKOWWWgopherbrowser,etc.'areallonthevariousFreewareOdistributions.>O13.2.4CTCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?GO4TCP/IPServices (formerlyknownasUCX)containstoolsKOsuchasping, uuencode,smtp,snmp,rcp,nfs,tnfs,etc.f<COOpenVMSV6.2andlaterincludesDCL-integratedsup-GOportforvariousIPtools,withcommandssuchasSETAO5 HOST/TELNET,and COPY/FTP.This interfacerequiresOOthe installationofanIPstack,andUCXV3.3andlaterasNOwellasanycurrent third-partyIPstackcanbeused.)OnceLO>theIPstackis installedand configured,theDCLcommandEO qualifierssuchas/FTP,/RCP,/RLOGIN,/TELNET,andCO/TN3270are availableonthevariousDCL commands.?OVariousC programmingexamplesinTCPIP$EXAMPLESBOand(onreleasespriortoV5.0)inUCX$EXAMPLES:.'O13.2.5CThevitexteditorXO4vile,vimandelvisareallclonesofthevitexteditor,andallOoperateonOpenVMS.sIIOVersionsofvileare availableontheFreewareandat:mC `m8m.http://www.clark.net/pub/dickey/vile/vile.htmlFOvim:'viimproved[1 `m&mhttp://www.polarfox.com/vim/! %O13.2.6CVariousGNUtoolsJO4 InformationontheGNUonVMS(GNV)Project,whichaimsPOtoportGNUsoftware(bash,flex,bison,etc)toOpenVMS,isO availableat:Z0 `m%mhttp://gnv.sourceforge.net/COSoftwareinfo:b8 `m-m#http://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/FOSoftwarearchive:i? `m4m*ftp://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/gnu-vms/software/qGGOVariousGNUtoolsarealso availableonthe Freeware.!O13.2.6.1BGCCcompilerGO)Amirrorforwork performedattheProGIScompanyinFOGermanyinportingGCC(GNUC)toOpenVMSAlphaand*OOpenVMSVAXis availableat: `m-m#ftp://vms.gnu.org/progis_mirror/gcc `3)http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_gnu.htmlx `l+l!ftp://ftp.caltech.edu/pub/rankin/NIOTherearealsoupdatedheaderfilesforGCConOpenVMSMOVAXthatallowittoworkwithTCP/IPSocketsandtheHPO5CRTLat:e; `m0m&ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/ mIOTheHPCcompilerandother developmenttoolsarepartCOoftheOpenVMSHobbyist licensingprogramfornon-KO5 commercialusers,andtheseandothertoolsare availableKOto commercial developersviatheHPDSPPpartnerprogram.O(SeeSection2.15&for informationonDSPP.)*?pPOFor informationonandthestatusofthe OpenOfficeportfor OOpenVMS,pleasesee:\2 `m'mhttp://www.oooovms.dyndns.org==O13.3CWhatisthestatusofPL/IonOpenVMS?FOUKednosnowownsandsupportstheformerDIGITALPL/IFOcompilerandrun-timesupportonOpenVMS,andistheJOcontactforproductstatus,supportand associatedplans.& QOAsofthiswriting,(older)versionsofthePL/Irun-timeli-GObraryand associated supportingimagesremain availableDO5onOpenVMSVAXandonOpenVMSAlpha, includingtheEO DECmigrateVEST translatedimagesrun-timesupportonGOOpenVMSAlpha,thoughneitherthePL/I shareableimageGO>northe DECmigrate(AEST) translatedimagesupportforKOthePL/Irun-timeare available(fromHP)onnorpresentJOonOpenVMSI64systems.(NewerversionsofthePL/Irun-OOHtimelibrarymaybe(are?)' availablefromKednosforvariousDOOpenVMS platforms;pleasecontactKednosforproduct%Odetailsand availability.T* `mmhttp://www.kednos.com ^w47O13.5CWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?KOUJavais availableonandisincludedwithOpenVMSAlpha,JOstartingwiththeOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater releases.IOJavadownloadkitsare availableforOpenVMSAlphaV7.1O^andlater releases.:! OOJavaisnot availableonOpenVMSVAX.Asforwhy:'theJavaLOlanguage definitionrequiresafloatingpointformat(IEEE)OO5thatisnotnativetoVAX,andthiswouldrequiretheemu-SOlationofallfloatingpoint operationswithinJava applications.POFurther,theCsourcecodeusedto implementforJavaitselfLO>isheavily dependentonpassingIEEEfloatingpointvaluesGOaroundamongthemanyinternal subroutines,andaddingMOsupportforVAXwouldentailchangestotheHPCcompilerFOHforOpenVMSVAX-and specificallytotheVAXVCGcodeJO generatorthatisusedbyHPConOpenVMSVAXsystems-JOinordertoaddsupportforpassing IEEE-formatfloatingNORpointdoublesaround.(Alternatively, extensivechangestothePOJavasourcecodetoremovethe assumptionthatthedoubleis+OanIEEEfloatingpointvalue.. JOThereare currentlynoplanstomakeaversionofJavaIO availableforOpenVMSVAX.(A prototypeversionofJavaHO5wascreatedforOpenVMSVAX,and performancewasfound)Otobe inadequate.'Atbest.)NJOIfJava2orother environmentliftsthe requirementsforOOIEEEfloatingpointaspartofthelanguage definition,this'O5decisionmaybe revisited.O %OOIfyouarehavingproblemswithDisplay Postscript,youneedLOtoupgradeyourJava kit-1.2.2-3andlaterremovethere-MO5 quirementforDisplay Postcript extensions,andJava1.2.2-3=Oisrequiredwith DECwindowsV1.2-6andlater.NNOFor additional informationonJavaforAlphasystems,pleaseIOseetheOpenVMS documentation(V7.2andlater),andtheO5 followingsite:j@ `m5m+http://www.compaq.com/java/alpha/index.htmlWmCOHPSecureWebServer(SWS,formerlyCSWS)includesEO CSWS_JAVA,whichprovidesthe followingApacheTomcatJO5 technologies:, JavaServerPages1.1,JavaServlet2.2,andAOMOD_JK.Also availableis CSWS_PHP,aPHPimple-IO mentation.+(SWSisbasedontheApachewebserver.,SeeO>SOFT1.)=O13.6C ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?POUIfyouchoosetousetheGETmethod,thentheformdataisBO availableintheDCLsymbol QUERY_STRING,inURL-Oencodedformat.b +8POIfyouusethePOSTmethod,thenyouneedtoreadtheformKOdatafromstdin.*ForaDCLCGIscriptrunningundertheMO5Netscape FastTrackwebserver,youcanreadthedatausing(Othe followingREADcommand:(O$&READ% SYS$COMMAND%postdataS))Otoreadthe informationin. KOThe following describestheuseofDCLcommand procedures8OasCGIscriptswiththeOSUwebserver:d `m<m2http://www.levitte.org/~ava/cgiscripts_other.htmlxMODCLCGIisalso discussedintheWritingRealProgramsin>OKDCLbook,andintheAskTheWizardwebsite.>N! $MO13.7CHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?IOUTohaveabatch procedureretrieveitsownbatchentry'Onumber,usethe following:3O2$&Entry&=%F$GETQUI("DISPLAY_ENTRY",%-4z*"entry_number","display_entry","this_job")WGORememberthattheentrynumbersissuedbytheOpenVMSEOJob Controllerarealwaysopaquelongwordvalues.+Do notKO5assumeyouknowtheformatoftheentrynumber,northeJOrangeofentrynumbersyoumightsee,northe algorithmIOthatisusedtoassignentynumbers.-YoushouldsimplyO>assumet>opaquelongword >.  2FO13.8CHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?LOUAchangewasmadetotheformatoftheCMSdatabaseforKOCMS librariesstartingwith V3.5-03-toensurethatearlierNOversionsofCMSareunabletoaccessthedatabaseoncetheNO^``conversion''toV3.5-05andlaterismade,youmustissueEOthe followingtwocommandswhen upgradingfromV3.5-IO03andprior.+(Theonly differencesbetweenCMSversionKOhV3.5-03andCMSversionV3.5-05involvechangestoensureNOthatnoearlierversionofCMScanaccessthe ``converted'''O database,andcorruptit.) LOToperformthe``conversion'',issuethe followingcommands+OforeachCMSlibrarypresent:5Oa$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00CMS.*%01CMS.*3O$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00CMS.CMSUDOThenewfile 00CMS.CMSmusthavethesamesecurityPOsettingsasthe 01CMS.CMSfile,andiscreatedsolelytoen-MO5sure continued compatibilitywithtoolsthatexpecttofindIOa 00CMS.CMSfile(eg:*variousversionsofthe Language-+O SensitivetexteditorLSEDIT). $ZMOIfyouchoosetoinstallandusethelongervariantnamesPOsupportthatis availablewithCMSV4.1orlater,youcannotLO5mixearlierCMSversionswithinacluster.*IfyouattemptOOtomixolderandnewer versions,youwill typicallyseetheBO followingBADLIBand BADTYPSTRerrorsequencewhenHO> accessingtheCMSlibraryfromtheolderCMS versions:JO%CMS-F-BADLIB,%there%is% something%wrong%with%your&libraryNO -CMS-F-BADTYPSTR,%header%block%type%is%145;&it&should%be%17bOOPleaseseetheCMSV4.1releasenotesfor additionaldetailsOonthis.s\FOToperformthe equivalent``conversion''forDECTestJOManager(DTM)V3.5andpriorversionstoV3.6andlaterIO5 versions,issuethe followingDCLcommandsforeachDTMOlibrarypresent:5O$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00DTM.*%01DTM.*3OZ$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00DTM.DTMrNOLikeCMS,thischangeisintendedtopreventolderversionsKOofDTMfrom accessingnewer libraries,and corruptingtheJO5 contents.+LikeCMS,oncethe librariesarerenamed,theyMOcannotandshouldnotberenamedbacktotheoldernames;BOlikeCMS,thechangesarenotdownward-compatible.NFOToconvertversion1 (ancient)DTMandCMS librariesAOforward,pleaseseetheDTMCONVERTandtheCMSO5CONVERT commands. DO13.9CWherecanIgetnew certificatesforNetscape'( Navigator?JOTheURLsthatare availableforaddingorupdatingrootO certificatesare:  `mJmentrust:'6http://www.entrust.net/customer/generalinfo/import.htm `)thwate:'http://www.thawte.com/ `lJl verisign:&5https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.htmlnFOToupdate certificatesinNetscape NavigatorV3.03on(OOpenVMS,usethe following:j@@OThawteServer certificatewhichexpiredin1998: eKOm1.JUndertheOptionsMenuchoose "SecurityPreferences..."4O2.JSelectthe"Site Certificates"tabKOl3.JSelect"ThawteServerCA"inthelistof certificates>OToolssuchasFTPhave alternatives:' COPY/FTP.fl 5<IODCLsymbol substitutionoccursintwopasses,usingtheNO ampersandandthe apostrophe.'Inmostcases,onlytheapos-LO5tropheis necessary.)Inafew cases-suchastheDCLPIPEHO command-youwillmayneedtousethe ampersandtogetMOthe substitutiontowork.'The followingexampleusesamper-SO>sand substitutiontotransferthecontentsoftheheaderintoaOlogicalname:YO$&PIPE% CC/VERSION%|&(READ&SYS$PIPE&hdr%;&DEFINE/JOB/NOLOG%hdr&&hdr%),! QOAlogicalname(inthejoblogicalnametable;sharedbyallNO processesinthecurrentjob)wasusedasDCLsymbolscan-NO5notbereturnedbackoutfromaDCLPIPEorotherspawnedO subprocess.G1 )8O13.11CWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?MOUOpenVMSsupportisincludedinthestandard distributionofMOPerl,thepopular scriptinglanguagecreatedbyLarryWall.QOInadditiontonearlyallofthe functionality availableunderIO^Unix,OpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesprovide interfacestoROmanynative features,aswellasaccesstoOracle,Ingres,andIOSybase databasesviathePerlDBI availableonOpenVMS.MOAwebsiteusefulforgettingstartedwithPerlonOpenVMS-IOwhereyouwillfindsuchthingsasdownloadlinks,in-LO5 structions, auxiliarytools,andsample scripts-is available Oat:[1 `m&mhttp://www.sidhe.org/vmsperlNROIfyouhaveaC compiler,thebestwaytoobtainPerlistoOOdownloadandbuildit yourself.)Thelatest productionquality+O5sourcekitis availablefrom:i? `m4m*http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.tar.gz)FOYouwillneedGUNZIPandVMSTAR(both availablefromJOtheOpenVMSFreewareCD,orfromothersites)tounpackOO5thearchive;onceyou'vedonethat,readthe instructionsin Othe README.vmsfile.NIOBinary distributionsformostAlphaandVAX environmentsAOare availableontheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMand>O5fromvarious websites, includingthe following:z `m4m*http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/prebuilt.html `0&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/nLODuringactivePerl developmentcycles,testkitsaresome-"Otimesfoundat:'from:S) `mmftp://ftp.sidhe.org/ dQOWatchthemailinglist(seebelow)fordetailson experimentalO releases.!KOCharlesLane maintainspagesonhowtowriteCGIscriptsMOinPerlfortheOSUHTTPserver,aswellasmoregeneralMO5tips,tricks,andpatchesforbuildingandrunningPerlonOOpenVMS:c9 `m.m$http://www.crinoid.com/crinoid.htmlx-FOThereareOpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesthat implementJO interfacestoasubsetoftheVMSSystem Services.-WithRO5thesemodules,youcanget(andoftenset)device,job,queue,IOuser,system,and performance information.(Thelockman-JOager,RMSindexedfiles,screen management utilities,andKO> Intracluster CommunicationServicesarealso accessibleviaCOPerl.'Therelevantmodulesareall availablefrom:mC `m8m.http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/VMSNNOTo subscribetotheOpenVMSPerlmailinglist(a discussionLOforumforbothusersupportandnew development),sendan8O5emailmessagetovmsperl-subscribe@perl.orgh>>OThemailinglistarchivesmaybesearchedat:oE `m:m0http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/vmsperl  ! whNO13.13CWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?LOUManypackagesareprovidedinZIP,GZIP,orBZIP2format,ROwhichrequiresyoutoacquirethe associatedunziptooltoun-OOpackit.&YoucangetZIPandUNZIPandrelatedandsimilar-O^toolsfromthe followingareas:q `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `<2ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.alpha_exe `l:l0ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.vax_exe `7-http://www.decus.de:8080/www/vms/sw/zip.htmlx `k(khttp://www.djesys.com/zip.html `* http://www.djesys.com/unzip.html aHOoryoucanrequesttheFILESERV_TOOLSpackagefromtheOe-mailserver.O %LOBeware:)The [000TOOLS...]) pre-builtversionsofZIPontheBOOpenVMSFreewareV4CD-ROMwill erroneouslyreturnLO5BILFerrorsonOpenVMSV7.2andlater.'UsethesourceonPOtheFreewareV4torebuildtheZIP image(s),or(better)ac-NOquireafarnewerZipkitfromamorerecent Freeware,orMO> elsewhere.(The pre-builtversionofZIPontheFreewareV4POkitisolderthantheincludedZIPsources,and comparativelyObuggy.NOO Directionsforcreatingandusingthesfxself-extractingzipKOfile compression mechanismare availableintheunzipkit"O5thatis availableat:  ^ `m$mLookinarecentunzip y*?4m directoryat&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `EWiththeUNZIP542 directoryfromFreewareV5.0,look'Eforthefile UNZIPSFX.TXT. NROIfyouwanttobuildthezipimagesforyourself(eg:*foranMOolderOpenVMS version),pullovertheentirecontentsofa#O5recentunzip directory.e ; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/J   Oandinvoke LINK.COM.  WGOHPOpenVMS EngineeringusesatoolknownasFTSVforKOcreatingself-extracting compressedfilesusingtheOpenVMSIO5DCX compressiontools,asseenwithvariousOpenVMSECONO(patch)kits.(sfxprovidesbetter compressionthandoesDCX.JOTheFTSVanditsrelatedFTSOpackagehaveonlylimitedHO> availabilityoutsideHP,andarenotstandard products. :O13.14CAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?IOUSoftware-based emulatorsoftheVAX architectureandforKOspecificVAXhardware platformsare availablefromvariousOsources:" `mmSRI CHARON-VAX$http://www.softresint.com/ `EETimStark'sTS10/%http://sourceforge.net/projects/ts10/ `'BobSupnik'sTrailingEdge(vhttp://simh.trailing-edge.com/i?DOVAX emulatorsthatoperateonPCsystemsand/oronDOOpenVMSAlphasystemsare available.-For informationLO5onan alternativetousingaVAX emulator-ontheavail-EOable DECmigrateVAX executableimagetranslator-please OseeSection13.12.*?hN%$$O 14.2Hardware! Information1z (OTable3-1:7OpenVMSWebsites O  OFURLFSponsor Ob 'Ohttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ $HPOpenVMS Marketing)Ohttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/ EncompassDFWCUG&Ohttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ ArneVajhjOhttp://www.saiga.com/SaigaSystems#Oxhttp://www.tachysoft.com/WayneSewel*Ol http://www.progis.de/openvms.htm) SponsoredbyproGISSoftware&O_http://www.jcameron.com/vms/JeffCameron9OS/http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/soft_doc.htmlHDavidMathog's(quiteuseful) informationaboutOpenVMS.OF Cracking9O /http://www.vistech.net/users/beave/hack-vms-faq: ``TheBeave''n Includessystemcracking informationthatcanbeofinteresttoOpenVMSSystem Managers,= andtoOpenVMSNetworkandSecurity Managers. OO UndocumentedFeatures:O 0http://www.decus.de:8080/www/vms/qaa/undoc.htmlxB DECUS Deutchland3O )http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_tip.htmlx6 ArneVajhj0O &http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/3 j  O  OURLSponsor O fxTheOpenVMSFreewarecontainsvariousexamplesof undocumentedfeaturesandinter-facesO? Bibliographies4O*http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_book.htmlxO3 Introductory3O)http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_faq.htmlx:O&0http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/vms_sheet.htmlBO8http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/www/vms_beginners_faq.htmlO ProgrammingJO@http://www.pdv-systeme.de/users/martinv/VMS_Programming_FAQ.html'AnOpenVMS ProgrammingFAQO Networking)Ohttp://www.tmesis.com/internet/`{Tutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMSsystemstotheInternet.O$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/Dn DocumentationandSpecificationsforDECnetPhaseIV$O HPOpenVMS Documentation+Ob !http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/g Various introductoryguidesaswellasmoreadvancedmanualsare availableinthe=) OpenVMSandlayeredproduct documentationset.)O http://www.compaq.com/info/spd/i SoftwareProduct Descriptions(SPDs)formosteveryOpenVMS-relatedproductHPsells.O System Performance  See Section14.2.O Patch(ECO)Kitsk FortheHPServicesFTPserverhostingVariouscontract-accessand non-contractaccess+Q ECO(patch)kits,seesectionQ Section5.17.* h4* h4ex N O  OURLSponsor O  Ox CatalogsandPricingHO>http://www.compaq.com/products/quickspecs/productbulletin.html<lHPProduct QuickSpecsandproduct informationROHhttp://www.compaq.com/products/quickspecs/soc_archives/SOC_Archives.htmlA_TheHPSystemsandOptionsCatalog(SOC)archive+O HardwareandSoftwareArchives.OS$http://vax.sevensages.org/index.htmlKThe VAXarchive, includinghardwareandsoftware information@OF6http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/docs/alpha_diary.html+AVAXtoAlphaupgradediary4O:*http://www.montagar.com/~patj/dec/hcps.htmDScannedversionsofoldDIGITALmanualsfromDFWCUG8O-.http://www.digital.com/lists/master-index.html?O5http://www.compaq.com/support/techpubs/qrg/index.htmle!AwidevarietyofHPVAX,Alpha,platformandotherproductdocumentation.(Some)n introductory,some technical.(Ohttp://dtrwiz.home.netcom.com/'b dtrwiz's Datatrievewebsite O (wCO14.2CSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and'(VAX)systems?GOHPmakesawiderangeof performance documentsavail-DOablethroughitsFTPandWWWInternetservers(seeO^Section3.2).*O!|?_GOThe followingcontain informationoncurrentAlphaandOVAX products: `m8m.http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/servers.html `:0http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/vax/index.htmloKOThe followingsitescontain informationonvariousretired$OVAXandAlpha products:^ `m>m4http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/archive/index.html `=3http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/performance/perf_Etps.htmlGOAlsoseeCPU2000:~ `m*m http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/ `>4http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/results/cpu2000.htmlVD(m willhaveputtogethera bootstrapkit-suchasthekitfortheGOAlpha Multia-whichpermitsOpenVMSto bootstrapontheO platform.*q FOContrarytothe assumptionsofsomefolks, thereareJOplatform-level differencesevenwithintheVAXandwithinHO5theAlpha platforms-hardware-level differencesthatcanIOrequiremoderateto extensivenewcodingwithinOpenVMS.OOWithinaplatformseries,and particularlywithinAlphaplat-HO>forms(andthosefewVAXsystems)thatsupportDynamicHOSystem Recognition(DSR),OpenVMScanusually bootstrap.rW@ODSRisa mechanismbywhichOpenVMScangatherIOplatform-specific information,andDSRisthereasonwhyGO5newerAlphasystemscanbemoreeasilyandmorecom-IOmonly supportedonolderOpenVMSAlpha releases.)DSRisFO implementedwithOpenVMSAlphacode,withSRMconsole;O>code,andwithplatform non-volatilememory.s ~COOpenVMSuserswith experienceonolderOpenVMSVAXIOreleasesandVAXhardwarewillrecallthatthen-newVAXCO5systemseitherrequiredanOpenVMSVAXupgrade,orIOthatearlierreleaseswouldmis-identified then-newerVAXLO systems-suchasthecaseoftheVAX7000model800beingKO>(mis)identifiedasaVAX7000model600when bootstrappedIOonOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2.((This(mis)identificationwastheOOoutcomeofa deliberate engineeringefforttopermittheVAXLOH7000model800to bootstraponV5.5-2;thesystemmanagerIOcould configuretheVAX7000model800to (mis)identifyPOitselfasamodel600,topermitthesystemto bootstrapon@ORV5.5-2.).OpenVMSVAXandVAX platformslackDSROsupport.xt kN$OOpenVMSI64(pleaseseeSection14.4.5forIntelItaniumNO terminology)supportsaplatform-levelfeaturesimilartotheDO5OpenVMSAlphaDSR mechanism,basedontheACPIin-HOterfaceandthe byte-code interpreter implementedwithinIOOpenVMS,withintheEFIconsole,and particularlywithinDO> non-volatilememorylocatedon (byte-code interpreterJO compliant)PCII/O hardware.)ACPItablesprovidethein-IO formationthatwasformerly retrievedfromDSRandfromKOHtheSRM,andthe byte-code interpretercan(theoretically)HOpermitatleastlimited operationswith (compliant)PCIHO hardware,whetherornotOpenVMShasadriverfortheOR particular hardware.*tF?u! kIOThebytecode interpretermayormaynotpermitopera-IOtionswithany particularPCI hardware,andmayormayLO5nothave sufficient performanceforlocal requirements,andIOPCIhardwaremayormaynotincludethe necessaryROM-NObaseddriversinthePCIhardware non-volatilestorage.'(TheRO>intentofthisIntelplatform-leveleffortistomovethehostNOsoftwaredriversoutontothespecificPCI hardware,andtoROpermitthesamebytecodetooperate regardlessofthepartic-POHularhost platform.)(AtleasttheinitialreleasesofOpenVMSOI64will xnotDhavesupportforthebytecode interpreternorforNO arbitraryPCIorsystem hardware,butwillhavesupportforIOR ACPI-basedsystemidentificationandsystemconfiguration.rvVH)O14.4.1ContheAlphaMultia?OO4Yes,thereareasetof unsupportedimagesthatpermitspe-IOcificOpenVMSAlphaversionsto bootstrapontheMultiaIOUDBsystem.*Theseimagesandthe associated instructions>O=are availableattheOpenVMSFreewarewebsite:w x `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/=OLookintheFreewareV5.0/multia/ directory.x`@O Instructions are included IN the kits.3READ THE O INSTRUCTIONS.PLEASE!y NGOSomeofthe restrictionsinvolvedwhenrunningOpenVMSROontheMultiasysteminclude(butmaywellnotbelimitedto)O5the following:z 7 `mBmThePCMCIAsupportwas completelyremoved,becauseLtheIntelchipontheMultiawasnot compatablewiththe+Cirruschiponthe Alphabook.{|KWThismeans,ofcourse,thatyouwillnotseeandcannot1useanyPCMCIAcardsonaMultia.|! fNWTheMultiausesshared interrupts,andasaresult,aspe-HcialZLXp-Eseriesgraphicsdevice driver-onethatdoesJnotuse interrupts-isneeded.*Thisdriverisprovidedinathekit. `*Theseriallinesdon'twork. `_M_IfyouhaveaMultiawithaPCIslot,youcan'tuseany0PCIcardthatrequires interrupts. `7G7TheSRMconsoleonthissystemisveryoldandveryKfragile.((ThisSRMconsolewasdesignedonlyandstrictlyNfor diagnosticuse,andwasnot particularlytestedorusedAwith OpenVMS.) `IIfthingsdon'tworkforyou,don'texpecttoseeanyBOpenVMSupdates,norSRMconsoleupdates,noranyqsupport. `LDonotexpecttoseeanynewversionsofOpenVMSontheFIMultianoronanyother unsupportedsystems.*IfsuchMnewversionsdoappearanddowork,pleaseconsideritas apleasant surprise. }COTheMultiaimagesarenotincludedontheOpenVMSHOFreewareV4.0CD-ROMkit,thekitthatwas distributedHO5withOpenVMSV7.2.)(Theseimagesbecame availableafter#OFreewareV4.0 shipped.)~XHOOthersourcesof informationforOpenVMSonMultiain-Oclude:V `m8m.http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/multia.html `:0http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/mltianot.html `l9l/http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/support.html `:0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html `k:k0http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html|! VR6O14.4.2ConAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?JO4OpenVMSAlphaisnot supportedontheAlphaPC164LXandPO164SXseries,thoughtherearefolksthathavegottencertainLOoftheLXseriestoloadSRMand bootstrapOpenVMS.(The6O=AspenDurangoIIvariant,specifically.)NJOOneproblemhasbeen generally reported:)ATA(IDE)boot-NOstrapswillfail;SCSIstorageandaSCSICD-ROMdeviceisO5 required.Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.2.1.*}F?4 6O14.4.2.1BontheNoNameAXPpci33system?FO) Informationon bootstrappingOpenVMS(usingtheMultiaOfiles describedinSection14.4.1) onthe (unsupported)6ONoNameAXPpci33moduleis availableat:*D?v  `m7m-http://www.jyu.fi/~kujala/vms-in-axppci33.txtDOTipsforusingtheMultiafileswiththe AXPpci33:! Zw `mLmYouhavetousetheMultiakitandfollowthe directionsinALPHA8,butdo * not (**hloadtheMultiaSRMfirmwareHintothe AXPpci33.*Rather,downloadandusethelatestFwfirmwarefortheAXPpci33fromtheHPAlphafirmwarewebsiteinstead. `O3O64MBmemoryis generally necessary. `JyoucannotuseanyPCIcards,andifyouplanonnet-K'working,youneedtofindanISAEthernetcard supportedbyOpenVMS. `GWhentheAXPpci33board bootstraps,itwilldumpsomeMWstufflikeacrashdump,butitwillcontinueand-sofar-9thishasn'tcausedany particularhassles. `/G/Thesystemshutdownandreboot proceduresdonotwork properly. `NTheserialconsoleisreportedtonotwork,thoughthese-L_rialports apparentlydowork.*Thestatusoftheparallelportisunknown. `7I7RumourhasitthatyouhaveoneoftheAXPpci33moth-EerboardswiththePS/2mouseandkeyboard connectorsGandaVGAcard(onethatwillworkunder DECwindows):Aandyoucanrun DECwindowsonthesystem.dM:-O14.4.3ContheAlphaXLseries? O4No.NHOOpenVMS EngineeringdoesnotformallysupporttheAlphaKOXLseries,norwillOpenVMS (informally) bootstrapontheO5AlphaXLseries. NLOOpenVMScannot,willnot,anddoesnot bootstrapontheMOAlphaXLseries.)TheAlphaXLserieswastargetedforuseGO5(only)withthe MicrosoftWindowsNT operatingsystem.]IOTheAlphaXLplatformdoesnotresembleother supportedO platforms.6 V GO14.4.4COpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aug(series?@OThough OpenVMSis not supported onthe PersonalHO Workstation-aseries platforms,OpenVMSmightormight,O=not bootstraponthe platform.4 QOIfyouwishtoattemptthis,youmustensurethatallgraph-NOicsandallI/O controllersinthesystemare supportedbyGO5OpenVMS.Youmustalsoensurethatyouhavethemost$Ocurrentfirmwareloaded. mOOHerearesomesalient differenceswithinthevariousPersonalO Workstationseries:< @ `mHmThe-aserieswasdesignedandwastestedforWindowsKNTuse.'Only.'Itisnot supportedforusewithOpenVMS. `EEEThe-auserieswasdesignedandtestedforWindows,COpenVMS,andTru64UNIXcompatibility,andiscon-(sidereda supportedsystem. `vJvThereareattwo differentanddistinctvariantsoftheKfamily,andusuallyreferedtobytheirinternalhardware'projectnames.6   h=YhTheMiataMX5.*TheMiataMX5varianthasnoDYUSBportsandnoon-boardSCSI.Theon-boardIntelCYSIOchipsetisnot supportedbyOpenVMS,andthus=YqOpenVMScannot bootstrapATAPICD-ROMdevices.! +CYWThatsaid,theMiataMX5-aseries typicallycameAYwithDECbrandedAdaptec2940UWSCSI controllers,=YMatrox Millenniumgraphicscards,noL3cache=Yamodule,andanToshibaIDECD-Rom.)SomecameDYwithveryhighend PowerstormgraphicscardiftheCYsystemwasdestinedtodoCADormovie rendering.q! pGGYWGraphicsandotherI/Ocananddoesvarybypackage.* ;YWTheMiataMX5isnot supportedbyOpenVMS. CYTheMiataGL.TheMiataGLvarianthasUSBportsDY/andon-boardSCSIand bootstrapsusingtheon-boardY supportedbyOpenVMS.TheMiataGL-avariantEY9isneednotbe configuredwithanadd-onSCSIcon-IYtroller,givenboththeabilityto bootstrapfromATAPI+YCD-ROMandtheon-boardSCSI.q! pGGYWGraphicsandotherI/Ocananddoesvarybypackage.! BYWVariousoftheMiataGLsystemsare supportedbyYOpenVMS.OO5Forobviousreasons,mostfolkswillselectaMiataGLsys-MOtem,giventhechoicebetweentheMiataMX5andtheMiataQOGL.Andasforyournext question,youcannot necessarilynorKO>easily distinguishtheMiataMX5fromtheMiataGLbased)Osolelyonthemodelnumber.rH OSeeSection14.4.4.2 forrelateddetails.*F? LO14.4.4.1BOpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?LO)ThoughOpenVMSisnot supportedonthe ``Whitebox''seriesJOofAlpha platforms,OpenVMSmightormightnot bootstrapIOonthe platform.-Thesesystemswere specificallyconfig-OO3ured,targetedand supportedonlyforusewiththe Microsoft)OWindowsNT operatingsystem.E! WQOOnsomeofthe ``Whitebox''systems,the followingsequenceofOOconsolecommandscan potentiallybeusedtoconvertthesys-JO5temoverto unsupportedusebyandforOpenVMSHobbyistROusers.)(Butpleasenotethatifyouwishtoattemptthis,youPOmustensurethatallgraphicsandallI/O controllersintheFO>systemare supportedbyOpenVMS,andyoumustensureKOthatyouhavethemostcurrentSRMfirmwareloaded.((ForIO informationonlocatingand downloadingthemostcurrent,OHAlphaSRM firmware,pleaseseeHSection 14.3.7.1.)|HAndyouLOmustrealizethatthe resultingWhitebox configurationwillLObeentirely unsupportedandmayormaynotbestableandORuseful.)Oset%os_type%vmsDOcat%nvramK!%too&see%what&is&in&this,&if&anythingOfedit&nvramO10%set%srm_boot%onO20%eO>init* ?G_5MOIfyournvramhasother contents,youwillneedtochangeQOthelinenumbers(10and20)toreflectthecontentsofyourJO5configuration.(Toobtain documentationonthecommandsofMOtheconsoleeditor,enterthe?'commandwithintheeditor.! WIOTheabovesequencewas reportedlytestedontheDIGITALPOServer3300series,arelativeofthe AlphaServer800series.FO5TheDIGITALServer3300isnot supportedbyOpenVMS,LOthoughthe AlphaServer800seriesisa supported platform.LOThesequencemayormaynotworkonother platforms,andLO>mayormaynotworkontheDIGITALServer3300 platform.U+OAlsosee}Section5.33.*}F?i U?OO14.4.4.2BOpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?IO)OpenVMSwillbootandis supportedonspecificPersonalJO Workstation-auseries platforms,thoughOpenVMSwillre-IOquireaSCSICD-ROMiftheIntelSaturnI/O(SIO)IDEMO3chipispresentintheconfiguration-onlytheCypressIDEMO controllerchipis supportedbyOpenVMSforIDE bootstraps.NO(ConfigurationswiththeIntelSIOarenot generallyconsid-,O<eredtobe supported systems.)zMOIfyouhavean-auseriessystem,youcan determinewhichBOIDEchipyouhaveusingtheSRMconsolecommand:aSHOW% CONFIGURATION!! KOIfyousee ``CypressPCI Peripheral Controller'',youcanMO bootstrapOpenVMSfromIDEstorage.(Ifyousee``IntelSIOSO582378'',youwillneedtouseand bootstrapfromSCSI.(Apro-KOceduretoloadDQDRIVERontheIntelSIO-oncethesystemLOhas bootstrappedfromaSCSI device-isexpectedtobein-OO>cludedaspartofthecontentsoftheDQDRIVER directoryon&OFreewareV5.0andlater.) ROManyofthe-aseriessystemswillincludetheIntelSIO,and-Othuscannot bootstrapfromIDE.pF OSeeSection14.4.4 forrelateddetails.*F? ;O14.4.5COntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?NO4OpenVMShasbeenportedtotheIntelIA-64 architecture;toKOHP IntegritysystemsbasedontheIntelItanium ProcessorOFamily.NMOThefirstreleaseofOpenVMSI64wasV8.0,withthefirstKOgeneralreleaseofOpenVMSI64knownasV8.2.*Yes,there&O5wasaV8.1release,too.! WLOSomeIntelandHP terminology:'Itanium ProcessorFamilyisOOthenameofthecurrentimplementation;ofthecurrentIntelIO5microprocessorfamily implementingtheIA-64 architecture.OOIA-64isthenameoftheIntel architecture implementingtheHOVLIW(VeryLong InstructionWord)designknownasEPIC9O> (ExplicitlyParallel Instruction Computing).gLOI64isthenameofafamilyofHPcomputersystemsthatNOuseIntelItanium processorsandthatare supportedby``HPJO5OpenVMSfor Integrity Servers''(anditselfmorecommonlyHOknownas ``OpenVMSI64'');byoneoftheHP operating;OsystemsthatrunsonHP Integrity hardware.s! IMOThe ExtensibleFirmware Interface(EFI)isthenameoftheKOconsole environmentforItaniumsystems,andthe BaseboardDO5 ManagementConsole(BMC)andtheoptional ManagementNO Processor(MP)arethemosttypicalhardware interfacesintoOthesystemconsole.DO14.4.5.1BWherecanIgetIntelItanium information?FO)IntelItanium ProcessorFamilyandIA-64 Architecture,GO Hardware, Software,andrelateddocoumentation materialsOare availableat:[ 1 `m8m.ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/manuals/ `:0ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/ `lMlCftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/archSysSoftware.pdf `Fno equivalent requirementexistsforIDEdevices.)Alsopar-NO ticularlyensurethatthevideo controlleris supported.*UseNOof supportedHPhardwarewill generallyreducethelevelof(OH integrationeffort involved.eFOACD-ROM,CD-RorDVDdriveisrequiredforOpenVMSOAlphainstallations.qGGOCD-ROMdrive compatibility informationis availableat:kA `m6m,http://sites.inka.de/pcde/dec-cdrom-list.txtV  nJO14.6CWherecanIgetmore informationonAlphasystems?AOUHPoperatesan AlphaServer informationcenterat:d `m%mhttp://www.hp.com/go/serverJOAlpha Technical informationand documentationis available OKat:&  `m9m/ftp://ftp.compaq.com/pub/products/alphaCPUdocs/ `<2http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/software/alpha-Etools/ `6,ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/systems/ `DODEhttp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/dsc- library.html `!AlphaSystemsUpdate:7t-http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/fb_acu.htmlsHOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) information, including+Oplatformsupportdocumentation:b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.i??O InformationonMultiahardwareis availableat:oE `m:m0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.htmltJJO InformationonDEC3000serieshardwareis availableat:7 6  `m@m6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- sysinfo.html `E@E6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- docs.html `C9http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/dec-docs/index.html! \IOTheNetBSDfolksmaintainusefulAlphahardwareinforma-Otionat:lB `m7m-http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/models.html BO14.9CSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?UOUAfterremovingthosetwolittlescrews,tiltthebackendofthe?Otopshell upwards-thenyoucanremovethelid. R! (+O14.10CWhatisbyte swizzling?ROU ``Swizzling''isthetermusedtodescribethe operationneededUOtodopartiallongword(i.e.'byteorword)accessestoI/OspaceOOonthosesystemsthatdon'tsupportit directly.+ItinvolvedRO^shiftingtheoffsetintoanaddressspaceby5(or7foronePOoldersystem),andORingthisintothebaseaddress.)ItthenOOrequiredthesizeofthe operationtobeORedintothelowOhorderbits. WMOThatis,becausetheEV4andEV5CPUsdidnotbringbitsPO0and1offthechip,todo programmedI/Ofor bytes/words,QO5the informationonthe size/offsetofthetransferwasencodedROintotheaddressdata.)ThedataitselfthenhadtobeshiftedVOintothecorrect``bytelane'';intotherequiredoffsetposition(O>withinalongword transfer;qGEOTheEV56microprocessorsupports byte/word instructionGO referencesinmemoryspace,howeveronlyspecificEV56LO5systemscansupport byte/wordaccessesintoI/Ospace;de-POvicedriversmayormaynotbeabletoutilizeto byte/wordNO instructionstoaccessdevice registers.*Further,evenonanIO>EV56systemwithhardwaresupportfor byte/wordaccessesLOintoI/Ospace,therelevantOpenVMSroutines typicallydoanduseoftheseroutinesmayormaynotbefeasiblewithinPOthe requirementsfora particulardevicedriver,withthede-NOcision typicallybasedonthetarget performance requirementsOOHandtheexpected frequencyofdevice referencesandthustheSOexpected frequencyofcallstotheseorothersimilar routines.) DOTouse byte/word operationsonMEMORY,youneedtoHOtellthecompilertousetheEV56orEV6 architecture=O5(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56).,Memory operationsdidnotOOswizzle,butthecompilerwoulddo long/quadaccess,andex-EO tract/insertbytesasneeded.'Using/ARCHITECTURE=EV56OO>allowssmaller,more efficient byte/wordaccesslogictomem-Oory.k AMOIfthe applicationisdirectly referencingI/OspaceaccessPOacrossarangeofAlphasystemssuchasisdonewiththeXLO5Windowsdevicedrivers,thenthedriverwillneedtoknowNOhowtodo swizzlingforold platforms,andbyteaccessforKOnew platforms.*Devicedriversfornewgraphics controllersJO>can specificallytargetand specificallyrequire platformsOObasedonEV6andlaterAlphamicroprocessorsbecauseofthis&O requirement,for instance. OPleaseseeSection10.22 andVSection14.7"for additionaldetails'Oandrelatedconsiderations.*F?;*VF? C NO14.11CWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?LOUTheVAXfloatingpointformatisderivedfromoneoftheLOPDP-11FPformats,whichhelpsexplainitsstrangelayout.NOTherearefourformatsdefined:)F32-bitsingle-precision,DLO^andG64-bitdouble-precisionandH128-bit quadruplepre-OOcision.*Forallformats,thelowest addressed16-bit``word''NOcontainsthesignandexponent(andforotherthanH,someQOhofthemost significantfractionbits).'Each successivehigher-MO addressedwordcontainsthenext16lesser-significantfrac-ZOtionbits.(Bit15ofthefirstwordisthesign,1for negative,0SOrfor positive.'Zerois representedbyabiasedexponentvalueofTOzeroandasignofzero;thefractionbitsareignored(butonRO#Alpha,non-zerofractionbitsinazerovaluecauseanerror.)QO{Avaluewithbiasedexponentzeroandsignbit1isa``re-ROserved operand''-touchingitcausesanerror-fractionbitsNO-areignored.(Therearenominuszero, infinity, denormalizedOorNaNvalues.aA 7LOForallformats,thefractionis normalizedandtheradixPOpointassumedtobetotheleftoftheMSB,hencethefol-RO5lowingrange:*0.5lessthanorequaltofandlessthan1.0.LOTheMSB,alwaysbeing1,isnotstored.+Thebinaryexpo-WOnentisstoredwithabiasvaryingwithtypeinbits14:nofthe!O>lowest-addressedword.=FPExponentExponentMantissa% (Fraction)%bits, TypeBits Bias   including%hidden&bitDS:========================================================== F 48 128 o24 D 48 128 o56 +G +11+1024 o+53 sH s15s16384 Js113tOOThelayoutforDis identicaltothatforFexceptfor32%O additionalfractionbits. {ROExample:'+1.5inFfloatishex000040C0 (fractionof.11[base)O2],biasedexponentof129) FO14.12CWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems? `{G{HPprovideslimitedVAXplatform informationvialinksAatthe AlphaServerwebsite,itself availablevia:&-http://www.hp.com/go/server/ `AJimAgnew maintainsaMicroVAX/VAXstationFAQat:;1http://anacin.nsc.vcu.edu/~jim/mvax/mvax_faq.html `0The VAXstation3100Owner'sGuide:?5http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-i.html `\E\AfieldguidetoPDP-11(andVAX)Q-busandUNIBUS&modulescanbefoundat:8 .http://metalab.unc.edu//pub/academic/computer-9e/science/history/pdp-11/hardware/field-guide.txt `;VariousVAX historical information(alsosee)Section2.1)=canbefoundat:3)http://telnet.hu/hamster/vax/e_index.html*)|?V3GO14.13CWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAXR(systems??OGunnar Helliesen maintainsaNetBSDVAXFAQatW- `m"mhttp://vaxine.bitcon.no/q  o EHO14.14CWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXandR( VAXstation3100?JOSystemdiskslargerthan1.073 gigabytes (GB)-1fffffhex-LOidecimalblocks-arenot supportedonanymemberoftheMO^ VAXstation3100seriesandoncertainoldermembersoftheOOMicroVAX3100series,andarenotreliableontheseaffectedOOsystems.'(Seebelowtoidentifytheaffected systems-themoreHOhrecentmembersoftheMicroVAX3100seriessystemsareONOT affected.)! aHOVariousoftheSCSIcommandsusedbythebootdriversEOimbeddedintheconsolePROMonallmembersoftheEO5 VAXstation3100seriesuse"Group0" commands,whichROallowa21bitblocknumberfield,whichallowsaccesstotheQOfirst1fffff hexidecimalblocksofadisk.)Anydisk referencesOO>past1fffffwill wrap-thiswrapping behaviourcanbeofpar-QOticularinterestwhenwritingasystem crashdumpfile,asthisLOcan potentiallyleadtosystemdisk corruptionsshouldanyIOHpartofthe crashdumpfilebelocatedbeyond1.073GB.! KOMorerecentsystemsandconsolePROMsuse"Group1"SCSIDO commands,whichallowa32bitblocknumberfield. WIOTherewasasimilar limitationamongtheoldestoftheKOMicroVAX3100series,butaconsolebootPROMwasphasedQO5into productionandwasmade availableforfieldretrofits-thisJOPROMupgradeallowstheuseofthe"Group1"SCSIcom-LOmands,andthuslargersystemdisks.)TherewasnosimilarPROMupgradeforthe VAXstation3100series.b88OSystemsthatareaffectedbythislimit:! @ `mEm VAXstation3100series,allmembers.'NoPROMupgradeis available. `EAEMicroVAX3100models10and20.)NoPROMupgradeis available. `?MicroVAX3100models10eand20e..OnlysystemsJvwithconsoleVMBversionspriortoV6.4are affected.)AKPROMupgradeforthesespecificsystemsis(orwasonce)' available.=OAlsoseetJ `m?m5http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-i.htmlT*OAlsosee}Section9.5.*}F|? ZMO14.15CWhatistheAccuracyofVAXtheTimeofYear(TOY)R(Clock?JOTheVAX Time-Of-Year(TOY)clock(usedtosavethetimeROoverarebootorpowerfailure)is specifiedashavinganac-QO^curacyof0.0025%.(Thisisadriftofroughly65secondsperOmonth.NKOTheVAXIntervalTimeisusedtokeeptherunningtime,SOandthishasa specifiedaccuracyof.01%.*Thisisadriftof1O5 approximately8.64secondsperday.L"IOAnyhigh-IPLactivitycan interferewiththeIPL22orGOIPL24(thisdependsontheVAXimplementation)clockLO5interrupts-activitiessuchas extensivedevicedriverinter-FOruptsormemoryerrorsareknowntoslowtheclock.lBOAlsosee}Section14.8,LSection4.2.*}F?*LF|?Q   ` >O14.16CWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?DCPU: Platform:-----p ---------7KA41-A%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10&and%208KA41-B%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10%and%20dKA41-C%:% InfoServer9KA41-D%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10e%and%20e:KA41-E%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10e%and&20e9<KA42-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%30%and&409KA42-B%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%38%and&480KA43-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%765KA45p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&30&and%40.\KA46p:% VAXstation&4000%Model%60,KA47p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&80(KA48p:% VAXstation&4000%VLC43KA49-A%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%90/90A0{KA49-B%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%950KA49-C%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%96, KA50p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&90,SKA51p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&95(KA52p:%VAX%4000%Model%100(KA53p:%VAX%4000%Model%105(+KA54p:%VAX%4000%Model%106,sKA55p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&85,KA56p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&96(KA57p:%VAX%4000%Model%108,KKA58p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&88,KA59p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&98KA85p:%VAX%8500# KA86p:%VAX%8600k KA88p:%VAX%88001 KA600J:%VAX%4000-50%(aka& VAXbrick)< KA610J:%MicroVAX%I,% VAXstation&I%(aka%KD32)#C KA620J:%rtVAX%(VAXeln)! KA62AJ:%VAX%6000-200! KA62BJ:%VAX%6000-3001 KA630J:%MicroVAX%II,% VAXstation%II3b KA640J:%MicroVAX%3300,%MicroVAX%3400V KA650J:% VAXstation&3200,&MicroVAX&3500,&MicroVAX&3600,&MicroVAX&III! KA64AJ:%VAX%6000-400D: KA655J:%MicroVAX%3800,%MicroVAX%3900,%MicroVAX%III+! KA65AJ:%VAX%6000-5003 KA660J:%VAX% 4000-200,&VAX%4&upgrade! KA66AJ:%VAX%6000-600!Z KA670J:%VAX%4000-300! KA675J:%VAX%4000-400! KA680J:%VAX%4000-500"2KA681J:%VAX% 4000-500A!zKA690J:%VAX%4000-600"KA691J:%VAX% 4000-605A" KA692J:%VAX% 4000-700A"RKA693J:%VAX% 4000-605A"KA694J:%VAX% 4000-705AKA730J:% VAX-11/730*KA750J:% VAX-11/750+rKA780J:% VAX-11/780,% VAX-11/782KA785J:% VAX-11/785!KA7AAJ:%VAX%7000-600!IKA7ABJ:%VAX%7000-700!KA7ACJ:%VAX%7000-800KA800J:%VAXrta)!KA820J:%VAX%8200,%VAX&8300)iKA825J:%VAX%8250,%VAX&8350KA865J:%VAX%8650n^w4EO14.17CWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupportR( information?HOPleasecontacttheHPCustomerSupportCenter.+ServicesHOand information,manuals,guides, downloads,andvariousIO^other informationis availableviathesupportlinkat:b8 `m-m#http://www.hp.com/products/openvms/uKKOVarioushardwareandsystem documentationis availableat:!  `m@m6http://www.compaq.com/support/techpubs/user_reference_guides/ `E9E/http://www.adenzel.demon.nl/vaxes/microvax3100/ `:0http://www.adenzel.demon.nl/vaxes/infoserver150/\FOTSM (TerminalServer Manager),DEChub, DECserver,etc.O information:V `m9m/http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_archive/! KOTheownerand maintainerofcurrent DECserverandrelatedBOhardwareisDIGITALNetworkProductsGroup(DNPG):S) `mmhttp://www.dnpg.com/K! !HO14.18CWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupportR( assistance?JOTheHPParts DirectoryandtheHPParts ReferenceGuideJO (arguablythemostdirect descendentsoftheHPAssistedKO^Servicesprogram,oftheCompaqAssistedServicesprogram,EOandofthe now-ancient DECmailerprogram)areavail-NOableto customersthatwishtomaintaintheirown system(s)KOh(self-maintenance),butthatwishsomelevelof assistanceLOin acquiringspecificparts,hardware diagnosticsandhard-POwaremanualsforthe system(s),andthatwishtohaveaccessIOrtosparesand module-levelrepairsforcustomer-performed"Ohardwaremoduleswaps:a `m%mhttp://www.hp.com/go/parts/ `&http://www.hp.com/buy/parts/FOTheHPParts ReferenceGuidereplacesthe CAS-CatalogEOand DAS-Catalogpartscatalogsandrelated resources.*LODetailsofthe availableself-maintenanceprogramsandser-MOvicescanvaryby geographyandbythe particularservicesLO5 channel(s),andcurrentprogram specificsare availableviaOtheaboveURLs.GO14.19CWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cycletheR(console terminal?MOVariousVAXandAlphaconsolesaredesignedtoprocessthe=OBREAKsignal,treatingitasaHALTrequest.XHOABREAKisadeliberately-generatedseriallineframingOerror. OOWhenaseriallinedevicesuchasaterminalpowersup(orFO sometimeswhenpoweringdown)itcangenerateframingIO5errors.+TheseframingerrorsareindistingushablefromaOBREAKsignal.WOOWhenaBREAKisreceivedonaseriallineconsoleforvar-DOiousVAXsystems-includingmost VAXstation, MicroVAX,MO5andVAX4000 series-itis typically interpretedasaHALT.NOAlphasystemswillalsooftenprocessaBREAKinasimilar)Ofashion,haltingthesystem.S! )QOThereisnouniformorgenerally-availablewaytodisablethisKO behaviouroneveryVAXorAlphasystem.(Onsomesystems,LO5BREAK processingcanbedisabledinfavorof [CTRL/P],orAO[CTRL/P]istheonlywaytohaltthe processor.! tOOThemostcommonwaytoavoidthesehaltsistodisabletheOOseriallineconsoleortosimplynot power-cycletheconsoleKO5 terminal.)Thereiscertain importantsystemstateinforma-ROtionthatis displayedonlyontheconsole,OpenVMSexpectsto9Oalwayshaveaccesstothesystemconsole.T*OAlsosee}Section5.6.*}F|? ! JO14.20CCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswithR(aPC?JOOlderHP keyboards(thosewiththeDIGITALlogoandtheKORJmodularjacks),olderHPmice(thosewiththeDIGITALNO^logoandwiththeRJmodularjacks,orwithaDINconnec-NOtorwithpinsina configurationotherthanthe PC-standardIODIN connectorpin orientation),andoldervideomonitorsLOh(withRGBsynch-on-greenvideo signaling)alluse signalingMOformatsand/orcommunications protocolsthatdifferfromthePOPC standards,andarenot(easily)interchangablenor(easily)NOr compatiblewithtypicalPC peripheraldevice controllers.'TheGOLK201andLK401 keyboards,theVSXXXseriesmice,theLO#VR260andVR290 monitors,etc.,are incompatiblewithmost6O{PCsystemsandwithmostKVM switches.! k]FONewerHP(andCompaq) keyboards(thosewithwithPC-HOstyleDINplugs,andtheHP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo),DO5newerHPmice(withPC-pinDINplugs,andtheHP,KOCompaqorDIGITALlogo),andnewervideomonitors(multi-IOsynch)areofteninterchangeablewith "industry standard"MO>PCsystems,andcanoftenbeusedwithmostPC peripheralFOdevice controllers.(LK461,LK463,LK46W,LK471,PC7XS-LOCA,VRC16,VRC21, TFT-seriesLCD flat-panel displays,etc.,JOHare typically reasonably compatiblewithmostPCsystems,QOandwillusuallyperformasexpectedwithinthelimitsoftheNO hardware.'(FordetailsofCRTandLCDdisplaycompatibility,ORpleaseseeRSection14.21.)*?GORuleofthumb:-ifthe peripheraldevice componentwasFOsoldforusewiththeDEC2000(DECpc150AXP),anNO5 AlphaServerseries,an AlphaStationseries,oramorerecentKOAlphasystem,itwillprobablyworkwithaPC peripheralLO controllerorwitha PC-compatibleKVMswitch.(Ifthepe-KO>ripheraldevice componentwassoldforusewithanVT420HOorolder terminal,mostVAX,most VAXstation,andmostIOAlphasystemswithnamesintheformatDEC [four-digit-MOHnumber],itprobablywon'tworkonaPCsystemorwithaO PC-compatibleKVM.lBRONotethattheaboveisageneral guideline,andshouldnotbeQOreadtoindicatethatany particular peripheraldevicewillorPO5willnotworkinany particularconfiguration,saveforthoseOOspecificconfigurationsthedeviceis explicitly supportedin. NOOSoftware IntegratorssellsavideoadaptercardcalledGeminiJOP1whichwilldrivemanyoftheolderHP(DIGITAL-logo)7O5fixed-frequencymonitorsonaPCsystem:S) `mmhttp://www.si87.com/AOTheDIGITAL(classic 2-5-2-style)partnumber29-JO32549-01convertstheoutputfromtheRGBcable(3BNC,CO5synch-on-green)thatcomeswiththe VAXstation3100KOand VAXstation4000seriestoafemaleSVGAD connector.MOYoumaybeabletofind third-party convertersoradaptersFO>(3BNCswithsynch-on-green signalingto5BNCswith.O VGA/SVGA,orto15-pin VGA/SVGA.WCOThisadapterwillallowPC multisyncmonitorswithIOtheneeded frequencyspecificationstobeusedwiththeDO5 VAXstationseriessynch-on-greenvideo connection..ItLOmaywellalsoworkwitha VAXstation2000seriessystems,KObut specificsand performanceofthat combinationarenot0O> immediatelyknownatthiswriting. ! JOTheprotocol definitionfortheoldDIGITALkeyboardandNOmouse interfacesisburiedatthebackoftheQDSSsectionQO5intheold VAXstationIImanual, specifically,inthebackofEOtheVCB02Video Subsystem TechnicalManual (EK-104AA-OOTM).ThekeyboardwiringandprotocolisinappendixB,andRO>occupiescirca44pages.&ThemouseisinappendixC,circa12Opages.V,OAlsosee}Section14.21.*}F? ! 2DO14.21CWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphicsR( controller?OOTo determinetheanswertothe``willthisvideomonitororPOthisLCDpanelworkwiththisgraphics controller?''& question,PO^pleasefirstlocatethe resolution(s)andthe frequenciesthatROarepossible/supportedatbothendsofthevideocable(ontheOOdisplayandonthegraphics controller,inotherwords),andNOhthen determineifthereareanymatchingsettings available.LOIftherearemultiplematches,youwillneedto determine>Owhichoneismost appropriateforyourneeds. WKOYouwillalsoneedto determineifthevideomonitororKOgraphics controllerrequiresthe3BNC signalingwiththePO5synchronizationsignalsonthegreenwire,orthe5BNCsig-KOnallingcommononmanyPCs,orother connectionssuchasLOtheDB15video connectororUSB connectorusedonvariousO>systems.POIftherearenomatches,youwilllikelyneedtochangetheCOhardwareatoneorbothendsofthevideocable. NOOTherefresh frequenciesformanydeviceshavebeenpostedtoHO comp.os.vmsand/orother newsgroups.)Searchthearchives#O5fordetails.'Alsosee:g[ = `m#mhttp://www.repairfaq.org/ `(http://www.mirage-mmc.com/faq/ `lNlDhttp://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Foothills/4467/fixedsync.html `8.http://saturn.tlug.org/sunstuff/ffmonitor.html `k5k+http://hawks.ha.md.us/hardware/monitor.html ! ]IO LCD-basedand plasma-based flat-paneldisplaysaregener-KOally compatiblewithallrecentOpenVMSAlphasystemsandMO5 supportedgraphics controllers.*Forbestresults,youshouldPO generallysetthegraphics controllertomatchthenativeLCDOOorplasmadisplay resolutionand(forLCD displays)alsosetJO>the controllerrefreshrateto60Hz.+CheckyourgraphicsJO controllerandyourdisplay documentationforanydevice-IOspecific requirementsand/or configurationrecommendations.V ,OAlsosee}Section14.20.* }F?f w<HO14.22CWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?COU InformationonvariousHP(Compaq,DIGITAL)OpenVMSJOandotherdiskstoragehardwareand controllers,andre-OOlated technical informationonSCSI,devicejumpers,etc.,isO^ availableat: K `m&mhttp://theref.aquascape.com/ _UNote _Awthe aquascapewebsiteappearstohavebecomeun-C available,andtheFAQ maintainerisunawareofa?(newor replacementserver.+YoumayormaynotEhavesomesuccesslookingforthisorofanyother=now-unavailablesitesusingthe world-wideweb2archivesat:` 6 m!Ymhttp://www.archive.org/ =O14.23CWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedlyR( autorepeat?2OThereareseveralmodesoffailure:  `mNmPressing2and3keysatthesametimecausesonekeytoE autorepeatwhen released.)CheckthehardwarerevisionMlevelprintedonthebottomofthe keyboard.)Iftherevi-KwsionlevelisC01,thekeyboardfirmwareisbroken.)CallIfieldservicetoreplacethekeyboardwithanyrevision"(levelotherthanC01. `FPressingcertainkeysisalwaysbroken.)Typicalsymp-Ktomsare:'deletealwayscausesa autorepeat,returnneedsOYtobepressedtwice,etc.'Thisis frequentlycausedbyhav-Mingkeys depressedwhilethekeyboardisbeing initialized.H Pressing^F2severaltimesor unpluggingand repluggingFbthekeyboard frequentlyfixthisproblem.+(EnsureyouLhavecurrentECOkitsapplied;thereisapatch available"tofixthis problem.) `CAkeythatwasworking spontaneouslystopsworkingK correctly.)Thismaybeeitherofthetwopreviouscases,KDoritmaybebadconsole firmware.(EnsurethatyouhaveGthemostrecentfirmware installedonyourAlphasys-Jtem.(In particular,anoldversionoftheDEC3000SRMGMfirmwareisknowntohaveabugthatcancausethis!keyboard misbehaviour.^c9GO14.24CProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesorR(somekeysaredeadFOCheckthefirmwarerevisiononthe keyboard.+HardwareHOrevisionB01 introducedanincompatabilitywiththede-MO^vicedriverwhichcausesthekeyboardtonotbe recognizedMO correctly.-Thereisapatch availabletofixthisproblem:GO[AXPDRIV06_061]-thefixisalsoincludedinOpenVMSHOhV6.2.+TherevA01 keyboard,andtheLK450shouldworkOwithout problems.NLOIfyouareworkingfromanother operatingsystem platform,IOpleaseseetheDECxtermtoolandrelated informationon"O5OpenVMSFreewareV5.0.)CO14.25CWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMSR(version?KOEnsureyouhaveaversionoftheAlphaSRMconsolewithJOsupportfortheDE500seriesdevice.)ApplyALL mandatoryKO^ECOkitsfortheOpenVMSversioninuse,andalsoapplyEOtheCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,andALPLANkits,andapplyany:O availableALPCPUECOkitforthe platform. H  `mmDE500-XA0auto-detection,noauto-negotiation,@OpenVMSV6.2-1H1andALPBOOTECO,alsoV7.0andwlaterandECO.8Devicehardwareid02000011and 02000012..( Componentpartnumber 54-24187-01 `DE500-AA,auto-detection,auto-negotiation,=YOpenVMSV6.2andALPBOOTandALPLANECOs,or%V7.1andlaterandECO.8 Devicehardwareid02000020and 20000022..b Componentpartnumber 54-24502-01 `DE500-BA,:auto-detection,auto-negotiation,;OpenVMSV6.2-1H3andCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,ALPLAN@andALPCPUECOs,orV7.1-1H1orlaterandECO.@DDevicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsC DE500-FA)(othervaluesonoldAlphaSRM firmware). Componentpartnumber 54-24602-01 `t:tDE500-FA(100megabitfibreoptic Ethernet)'OpenVMSV7.1-1H1andlater@%Devicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsB~ DE500-BA)(othervaluespossibleonoldAlphaSRM firmware)./  Componentpartnumber 54-24899-01 JOTochecktheDE500devicehardwareidfromOpenVMS,use"Othe followingcommand:Oa$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM&OSDA>&SHOW%LAN/DEVICE=EWcu:]33OThe "hardwareid"willbe displayed. yMOTosettheDE500speedviatheAlphaSRMconsoleenviron-Oment variable:a EWx0_MODE%settingaMeaningF--------------------------J -------------------------------- Twisted-Pair&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplexA9Full&Duplex,% Twisted-Pairp10% Mbit/sec,& full_duplex AUI&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplex BNC&10% Mbit/sec,& nofull_duplexFast'100& Mbit/sec,% nofull_duplex YFastFD%(Full%Duplex)%Y100& Mbit/sec,% full_duplexAuto-Negotiate+ Negotiation%with%remote%device?OTooverridetheconsolesettinganduseLANCP:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP)OPLANCP>%SET&DEV% EWA0/SPEED=106OLANCP>%SET&DEV%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplexI IOFastEthernet (100Base,100megabit) controllerssuchasMOtheDE500serieshaveapairof connectionsavailable-whileJO5 traditionalEthernet(10Base,10megabit)is inherentlyaNO half-duplex protocol,FastEthernetcanbe configuredtouseMOoneorbothofthe available connections, dependingontheLO> controller.+FastEthernetcanthusbehalf-or full-duplexLO dependingonthe configurationandthe capabilitiesoftheHOnetwork controllerandtheEthernetnetworkplant.+SomeJOHFastEthernet controllerscanalsooperateat traditionalROEthernetspeeds,these controllersarethusoftenreferedtoas(O10/100Ethernet controllers.#V w,DO14.26C Third-party"disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgetsonR(OpenVMS?JOAwidevarietyof third-party widgets-SCSIandATA(IDE)POdisksandtapes,graphics controllers,etc-are obviouslywidelyalsonotprevent operationswithother supporteddevices,ofNOcourse),butyouand/orthedevicevendorand/orthedeviceJO manufacturerare responsibleforfindingandfixingprob-MOHlemsinthe particular third-partydeviceandor controllerO involved.! dOOIn particular,realizethatneitherSCSInorATA(IDE)isaPO particularlystandard interface,these interfacestendtobeaKO5 collectionofoptionally-implementedand standardizedinter-POface features.'YoushouldnotandcannotsimplyassumethatMOallSCSInorATA(IDE)storagedevicesareinterchangeable.SO>IfyouwanttotrytouseagenericSCSIdevice,useV6.2orSOlater,or(better)V7.1-2orlater.+Ifyouwishtotrytouse7OATA(IDE),useOpenVMSV7.1-2orlater.jIOOnolderOpenVMS releases,seethediskcapacitylimitsO(Section~9.5).*j|?/NOWithSCSIdisksonreleasespriortoV6.2,ensurethatyouEOhavetheARREandARWEsettings configured correctlyNO5 (disabled).+(Ifnot,youwillseeDRVERRfataldriveerrors$Oanderrorlog entries.) NLOSomeSCSIdiskssetthemediumtypebyteaspartoftheKOSCSIsize field-thisisaSETCAPACITY extensiontoSCSIJO5specs.'ThisproblemalsoappliestoVAXV7.1andlater.3 KODiskswithSCSIdisksizespast8.58GBand/orwiththeDOSETCAPACITY extensionrequire ALPSCSI07ECOorthe;O5OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2orlaterrelease.((See5Section9.5 e5forOfurther details.)*}?4  * JOBasedonthedisplaysofthe(undocumented) SYS$ETC:SCSI_NOINFOtool;thistoolispresentinOpenVMSV6.2andlater:VaIssuing%6-byte%MODE%SENSE%QIOW&to&get%current&values%for%page%01h,Page%Code%.................%01hDPage%Name%.................% Read-Write&Error&Recovery+9Saveable&..................%Yes*Size%......................%10GHex%Data&..................%E6%08%50%00%00%00%08%0000%00! ZNOTheE6 indicatesthattheAWREandARREbitsareset,andLOthisisnot acceptableonOpenVMSversionspriortoV6.2.KO5Furtheralonginthe SCSI_INFOdisplay,ifyoualsosee:YIssuing%6-byte%MODE%SENSE%QIOW&to&get% changeable&values%for%page%81h,Page%Code%.................%01hDIPage%Name%.................% Read-Write&Error&Recovery+Saveable&..................%Yes*Size%......................%10G!Hex%Data&..................%C0%08%50%00%00%00%08%00i00%00"! wHOTheC0valuemeansthattheAWREandARREvaluescanOObechangedonthis particularSCSIdevice.*(Thisisnotal-GO5waysthecase.)(UseRZDISKfromtheOpenVMS Freeware,ROandresettheE6flagbyteto hexadecimal26(orwhatevertheGO remainingmaskwhenyouremovebitsC0)onpageone.# WHOEachSCSIandATA(IDE)hostcontains non-trivialSCSIKOandIDEdriver software,andeachdevicecontainsequallyHO5 non-trivial firmware-takentogetherwiththe mechanicalKOand electronic components,thissoftwareandfirmwarewillPO determinewhetherornota particulardevicewillfunctionasO> expected.$ a|IOAlsonotethatvarious devices-suchasvariousSCSICD-IORdevices-can implementandcanrequirevendor-specificKO5protocol extensions,andthese extensionscanrequiremod-MO ificationstoOpenVMSortheadditionofvarious utilities.LOInvariousofthesecases,thesedevicesperform functionsHO>thatwillrequirethemtouseSCSIorATA(IDE)com-IOmandsthatare (hopefully)architecturally-compatibleSCSI:OorATA(IDE)command extensions.((AlsoseeSection7.1 SandOHSection9.7.)*$|?9*$O |?%\IOInorderforOpenVMSto officiallysupporta particularHOdevice, integrationandtestingworkis mandated.-ThereLO5canbeno certaintythatany particulardevicewilloper-OOateasexpectedinany particular configurationwithoutfirst0O performingthis (non-trivial)work.& NSOItisquitepossibletofindtwo devices-bothentirely compliantJOwith applicable standardsor interfacedocuments-thatwillO5not interoperate.' HOThesamegeneral statementholdsforOpenVMS bootstrap-IOpingonan unsupportedVAXorAlpha platform.*ItmightKO5ormightnotwork.*In particular,pleaseseetheOpenVMSNOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthelistof platformsGO supportedbyOpenVMS.OpenVMSisnot supportedontheKO>Personal Workstation-aseries,ontheDigitalServerse-OOries platforms,onthe AlphaServer2100series5/375CPU,onMOtheMultia,onthe AlphaServerDS20L,andonavarietyofOOHother platforms.((Youmightormightnotseesuccessbooting2OOpenVMSonanyofthese platforms.)I( @O14.26.1CListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?GO4Variousfolkshave successfullyusedcommon third-partyMOdiskdiskdeviceswithOpenVMS,suchastheATA(IDE)andKOSCSIvariantsoftheIomegaZip250 removablediskdevice.M) #COCommonSCSI CD-R/CD-RWdevicessuchasthePlextorIO PlexWriter 12/10/32SSCSIseriesandtheHPDVD200ise-KO5ries (recordingCD-R)havealsobeen successfullyutilizedKOwithvarious AlphaStationand VAXstationsystems,andwithGOtoolssuchas CDRECORD.(APlextor PlexWriterburnofNO> 614400000bytes(300000sectors)requiresjustoversixmin-IOutesat12x,usingan AlphaStationXP1000666MHzEV67#Osystem UltraSCSIhost.)*pNOIfyouchoosetoattempttouse third-partydevices,ensureIOthatyouhavethemostcurrentOpenVMSversionandthePO5mostcurrentECOkit(s)applied.)InthespecificcaseoftheJOATA(IDE)IomegaZip250drive,ensurethatyouhavethe?Omostcurrentrevisionof SYS$DQDRIVER installed.+?O14.26.2CArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVD(Ultra2SCSI?OOYes.(Bothofthese controllersareUltra2 low-voltagediffer-+Oential(LVD)SCSI controllers.,;O14.26.3C ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?JO4IfthisisonanOpenVMSversionpriortoV6.2,pleaseGOseetheAWREandARRE informationincludedinsectionOSection14.26.*,O? - '_;O14.27CLookingfor connectorwiring pin-outs?LODThe% DECconnect%DEC-423&Modified&Modular%Jack%(MMJ)%pin-out:*1:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)2:&Transmit&(TXD)&=3:&Transmit&Ground%(TXD-)%4:&Receive%Ground&(RXD-)5:&Receive%(RXD)%6:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)~+------------------+ |&1K2K3K4K5K6%|+------------+++V+____+GOThe PC-compatibleDB9 connectorpin-outfoundonAlpha6OJand IntegrityCOMserialportsfollows:*1:&Data%Carrier%Detect%(DCD)2:&Received&Data^3:&Transmit&Data*4:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)5:&Ground%66:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)&~7:&Request%To%Send%(RTS)8:&Clear&To&Send9:&floating. HOTheMicroVAXDB9console connectorpin-outpredatesthe:OPC-styleDB9pin-out (adapters discussedinSection14.28),JO5andusesa then-common(andolder)standardpin-out,andCOusesthe followingEIA-232seriesstandardsignals: 1:& Protective%GroundZ2:& Transmited%Data3:&Received&Data&4:&Request%To%Send%(RTS)*25:&Data%Terminal%Ready%(DTR)%z6:&Data%Set&Ready&(DSR)7:&Signal%GroundI 8:&Shorted%to%pin&9%on%MicroVAX%and& VAXstation%2000...=R9: ...series%systems,% otherwise%left% floating.[When%pin&8%is%shorted%to%pin%9,%this%is%a&BCC08&(or%variant)%cable,Smost%commonly%used%as%a&console%cable%on%the&MicroVAX&2000%andQK VAXstation%2000%series.K(Other%systems%may%or%may&not%tolerate* connecting%pin&8%to%pin&9.)*.?5/aKOTheBC16E-nn(where-nn indicatesthecablelength)cableQOkey implicitly"flipsover"(crosses-over)thesignalwires,soBO5all DECconnectMMJ connectorsarewiredthesame. //#----J#----3k|J#|---------------------------------|K|----J---- \\0:?OTheBC16E-nn cross-overwiringlookslikethis:zTerminalJHost zPMMJ JPMMJ8 DTR%1&--->---------->----------->---%6&DSR8 TXD%2&--->---------->----------->---%5&RXD.I3&------------------------------%4.4&------------------------------%38 RXD%5&---<----------<-----------<---%2&TXD8 !DSR%6&---<----------<-----------<---%1&DTR1(OTheBN24Hlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------8/ 2---------2/ 3---------1/I 4---------3/ 5---------6/ 6---------72(OTheBN24Jlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------7/ 2---------6/ 3---------3/I 4---------1/ 5---------2/ 6---------8>3OAlsosee:"4 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ `.$http://www.airborn.com.au/rs232.html `l)lhttp://www.stanq.com/cable.html `.Foradaptersand connectors,seeSection14.28.*4?5 A5! IO14.28CWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?BOUTheH8571-Bconvertsthe(non-2000-series)MicroVAXDODB9tothe DECconnectDEC-423ModifiedModularJackDO(MMJ)pin-out;totheMMJ DECconnectwiringsystem.HO^TheMicroVAX2000and VAXstation2000requiresaBCC083Ocable(whichhasthe8-9short,seeXSection14.27)eandtheCOH8571-CortheH8571-D DB25-to-MMJadapterforuseOhwith DECconnect.*5Xz?-d6:EOMorerecentHP(HP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo)systemsJOwilluseeitherthe DECconnectMMJwiringdirectlyor-onKO5most(all?)(recentsystemdesigns-the PC-compatibleDB9KO9-pinpin-out;thePC-styleCOMserialport interfaceandO connection.7! vMOTherearetwoDB99-pin pin-outs,thatoftheH8571-BandLOsimilarfortheMicroVAXandotherandoldersystems,andOO5thatoftheH8571-JforthePC-styleCOMport, AlphaStation,LO Integrity,andothernewersystems.'TheolderMicroVAXDB9BOandthePC-styleDB9pin-outsarenot compatible.8Q 2g$O DECconnectMMJ adapters:;Part:Converts%BC16E%MMJ%male%to%fit%into:aqH8571-BJOlder%MicroVAX%(other&than%the&MicroVAX&2000)&DB9%EIA232%serial&portR/Note:%Cannot%be%used%on%a&PC/AT&nor%Alpha%DB9%9-pin% connector>H8571-CJ25%pin&DSUB%Female&to&MMJ,% Unfiltered7IH8571-DJEIA232&25&pin%male& (modem-wired)<H8571-EJ25%pin&DSUB%Female&to&MMJ,%Filtered`H8571-JJPC/AT,&Alpha,% Integrity%9%pin%(DB9)%male% (PC-style%COM&serial%port)R/!Note:%Cannot%be%used%on%the%older%MicroVAX%DB9&9-pin& connector=iH8572-0JBC16E%MMJ& double-female%(MMJ% extender)9H8575-AJEIA232&DB25%25-pin&female%(common)aH8575-BJOlder%MicroVAX%(other&than%the&MicroVAX&2000)&DB9%EIA232%serial&portR/ANote:%Cannot%be%used%on%a&PC/AT&nor%Alpha%DB9%9-pin% connector@H8575-DJ25%Pin&to&MMJ%W/EOS%and%ESD& Protection7H8577-AA%6%pin%Female&MMJ%to%8&pin%MJRBC16E-**%MMJ&cable&with% connectors,% available&in&various%lengths9KONumerous additionaladaptersandcablesare availablefrom>Othe_OPEN DECconnectBuildingWiring ComponentsKO5and Applications Catalog_,aswellas descriptionsoftheO above-listedparts.: iGOTheH8571-AandH8575-AareMMJtoDB25(female)and"Oarewiredasfollows:; [NOAlsoseethe adapter-,cable-andpin-out-related discussions Oat:c<9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/=! NNOJamecooffersaUSB-AtoPS/2MiniDIN6Adapter(aspartSO168751),forthosefolkswishingto(tryto)usePS/2 Keyboards"O5viaUSB-A connections.q>! GPOTheLK463USBkeyboardisalsoa potentialoption,forthoseKOwishingtoconnectanOpenVMSkeyboardtoUSBsystemsorMO5(viatheprovidedadapter)toPS/2systems.(TheLK463pro-FOvidesaclassicOpenVMS keyboard,on USB-basedsystemOconfigurations.?KOFor informationontheAlphaconsoleCOMportoronthe*OVAXconsoleport,pleasesee[Section14.3.*?[?@nxCO14.29CWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?5OUXON/XOFFisonekindofflowcontrol.A "OInASCII,XONisthe |C  |ETCTRL/Q ET | ( character,andXOFFisthe O OTfCTRL/S `T O b.#BIOXON/XOFFflowcontrolis typically associatedwithasyn-COchronousseriallinecommunications.-XON/XOFFisanOO5in-bandflowcontrol,meaningthattheflowcontrolismixedOinwiththedata..CLOCTS/RTSisanothertypeofflowcontrol,andis sometimesDOcalledhardwareflowcontrol.. Out-of-bandmeansthatMO5seperate lines/pinsfromthedatalines(pins)areusedto'OcarrytheCTS/RTSsignals.&D! POBothkindsofflowcontrolare triggeredwhena thresholdisNOreachedintheincomingbuffer.)TheflowcontrolissupposeQO5toreachthe transmitterintimetohaveitstop transmittingTObeforethereceiverbufferisfullanddataislost.*Later,af-VOtera sufficientamountofthe receiver'sbufferisfreedup,theSO>resumeflowcontrolsignalissenttogetthe transmittergoingOagain.E! tEODECnetPhaseIVonOpenVMSVAXsupportstheuseofIO asynchronousserialcommunicationsasanetworkline;ofEO5asynchDECnet.)The communicationdevices(eg.)modems,Oanddrivers)'mustnot-be configuredforXON/XOFFflowMOcontrol.'The incidenceofthese (unexpected)in-bandcharac-RO>terswillcorruptdatapackets.(Further,theseriallinedeviceFOdriversmightnormallyremovetheXONandXOFFchar-NOactersfromthestreamforterminal applications,butDECnet+OH configuresthedrivertopass dHall'H charactersthroughandre-LOquiresthatall charactersbe permitted.'(The communicationFOdevicesmustpassthroughnotonlytheXONandXOFF'OR characters,theymustpass )Rall+R characters includingthe8-bitNO characters.'Ifdata compressionis happening,itmustrepro-POducethesourcestreamexactly.'Noadditionor eliminationof;O[null characters,andfulldata transparency.F teGOAnEthernetnetworkisrather differentthananasyn-NOchronousserialline.+Ethernet specifiesthecontrolofdataGO5flowonasharedsegmentusingCSMA/CD(CarrierSenseLOMultipleAccess,with CollisionDetect)AnEthernetstationROthatisreadytotransmitlistensforaclearchannel(CarrierKO>Sense)..Whenthechannelisclear,thestationbeginstoNOtransmitby assertingacarrierandencodingthepacketap-RO propriately.(Thestation concurrentlylistenstoitsownsignal,OOHtopermitthestationtodetectifanotherstationbegantoOOtransmitatthesame time-thisiscalled collision detection.NO(The collisioncorruptsthesignalinawaythatcanreli-PORablybe detected.)*Upon detectingthe collision,bothstationsUOwillstop transmitting,andwillbackoffandtryagainalittleROlater.)(YoucanseealogofthisactivityintheDECnetNCPO[network counters.)G anMODECnetprovidesitsownflowcontrol,aboveandbeyondtheNOflowcontrolofthephysicallayer(ifany).,TheendnodesKO5 handshakeatthe beginningto establishatransmitwindowNOsize-anda transmitterwillonlysendthatmuchdatabeforeEOstoppingandwaitingforanacknowledgement.,Theac-LO> knowledgementisonlysentwhenthereceiverhas confirmedIOthepacketisvalid.,(Awell-configuredDECnet generallyKOavoids triggeringany underlying (out-of-band)flowcontrolOH mechanism.)8 H)4O14.30CCDandDVDdevice requirements??OUReadaccesstoDVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW,CD-DOROM,andCD-R/RWdevicesonATAPI(IDE) connectionsGOis generallyhandled transparentlyby SYS$DQDRIVER,andBO^ SYS$DQDRIVERwill transparentlyde-blockthemedia-GOnative2048bytediskblockswiththe512-byteblocksDOexpectedbyOpenVMSandbynativeOpenVMS software.|IkR:OReadaccesstoDVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW,COCD-ROM,andCD-R/RWdevicesonSCSIishandledbyCO5 DKDRIVER,though SYS$DKDRIVERwillnot transparentlyMOde-blockthenative 2048-bytediskblocksintothe512-byteIOblocksexpectedbyOpenVMS.Thedriveorexternalsoft-NO>wareisexpectedtoprovidethis de-blocking,thuseitheraKO512-byteblockcapabledrive(suchasall RRD-seriesSCSIJOCD-ROMdrives)is required,orhostsoftwareisrequiredKOHfora 2048-byteblockdrive.* Third-partySCSIdriveswithGOUNIX referencesintheirsupport documentationorwithPOexplicit512-byte selectorsorswicheswill generally(butnot7ORalways,ofcourse)operatewithOpenVMS.JWNOAtleastsomeofthePlextor PlexWriterSCSIdrivescanbeIO successfullyaccessed(forreadandwrite)fromOpenVMS,OO5ascanatleastonePioneerSCSIDVDdrive(forCDmedia).JOThePioneerSCSIDVDdriveswitchesto2048byteblocksNOforDVDmedia,anda block-size conversiontool(writtenbyGO>Glenn Everhart)orothersimilartoolcanbeapplied.K^IOOpenVMSalsohas supportedHPDVDdrivesfortheATAPIO(IDE)bus.LvKOForsomerelated information(anddetailsona commercial+ODVDwrite package),pleasesee:yM O `mDm:http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms/supported_hardware.htmlNNKONodevicedriver currently presentlypermitsdirectblock-DOoriented recordingonDVD-RAMnorDVD+RWmedia,nor3O5other recordableor rewritablemedia.fO <JO Recording (writing)ofCDandDVDopticalmediarequiresIOa recordingormedia mastering applicationortool,andIO5both commercialandnon-commercialoptionsare available.COPleaseseeCDRECORD(bothnon-DVDandDVDversionsOOare available,andatleastone commercialversionisavail-GO>able),andalsoseeDVDwrite (commercial)or DVDRECORDJO(opensource).(AportofCDRECORDispresentinOpenVMS=OV7.3-1andlater;seeSYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COM.P =OFor informationontheGKDRIVER(SYS$GKDRIVER)HOgenericSCSIdevicedriverandofthethe IO$_DIAGNOSEDO5$qio[w] interfaces(of SYS$DKDRIVER, SYS$DNDRIVERandDO SYS$DQDRIVER)thatareutilizedbymostCDandDVDIO recordingtoolstosendcommandstoSCSI,USBorATAPIEO>devices(mostUSBandATA devices-ormore correctly,FOmostATAPI devices-canuse SCSI-likecommand packets),EOpleaseseetheSYS$EXAMPLES:GKTEST.Cexample,andsee5OHDECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER.CexampleandPOpleaseseethevarious associatedsectionsoftheOpenVMSI/O$OUser's ReferenceManual.Q~FOFor informationoncreatingbootableopticalmediaonOOpenVMS,pleasesee]Section9.7.3.*Q]?tZR 07O 15.2 Information!on"Networks"and!ClustersEOThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSLO NetworkingwithIPandDECnet,andon clusteringandvol-JOBume shadowing,onFibreChannel,andonrelatedproductsOandconfigurations.}S 8O15.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?QOUPleaseseetheAskTheWizardareatopicsstartingwith(81),)O(1839),(2177),(3605),etc.cT9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/UNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*U|??V -O15.2COpenVMSandIP Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSand>OIP networking,aswellasIPprintingtopics.W?O15.2.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?JO4Sometutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMS9OsystemstotheInternetare availableat:^X4 `m)mhttp://www.tmesis.com/internet/8Y 2O15.2.2C ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?UO4ToconnectaprinterviatheIPtelnetorlpr/lpd protocols,youNOwillneedtoinstalland configureanIPstackonOpenVMS,9Oand configurethe appropriateprintqueue.Z! NGOWithcurrentOpenVMSIPimplementations,thechoiceofQOtelnetorlpr/lpdreallyamountsto determiningwhichoftheseBO5worksbetterwiththe particularprinter involved.[ NOOTosupportnetwork printing,theprintermustincludeanin-LOternalorexternalNICor JetDirect;anadapter connecting*O5thenetworkandtheprinter.\! VQOWhileitisnormallypossibletouseahost-connectedprinter-FOwhenthehostsupportsanLPDortelnetdaemon,andIO5OpenVMSandmostother operatingsystemshavetheabil-OOitytoservelocally-attachedprinterstootherhostsontheOO network-itis generallyfareasierandfarmore effectivetoTO>useaprinterthatisdirectlyattachedtothenetwork.'IfyourOOpresentprinterdoesnothaveaNICora JetDirect,acquireSOaninternal(if available)orexternalNICor JetDirect.'Orre-MOHplacetheprinter.(And obviously,mostany operatingsystemTOthatcanserveitslocalprintersusuallyalsoprovidesaclientAOthatcanaccessremotenetwork-connected printers.] NIOpleaseseetheAskTheWizardareatopics-startingwithKOtopic (1020)-for additional informationonIP-basednetworkO5 printing.c^9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/_NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*_|?`nOPleaseseeSection15.2.32for informationon Postscriptprint-Oing.*`F?aa KO15.2.3CHowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?IO4UsingTCP/IPServices(UCX)astheTCP/IPstack,itisDOpossibleto configurequeuesusingthe UCX$TELNETSYMBO(TCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0)orTCPIP$TELNETSYMPO=(withV5.0andlater)inordertoprintto Postscriptprint-POers.'ThisassumeshoweverthattheprinteritselfcanconvertSOwhateverispassedtoitinto something intelligible.'Asanex-MOGample,iftheprinterhasanIPaddressof123.456.789.101@Oandjobsshouldbepassedtoport9100then::O$$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-%l/PROCESSOR=UCX$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queue:O9$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-'/PROCESSOR=TCPIP$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queueb QOTheportnumberof9100istypicalofHP JetDirectcardsbut?Omaybe differentforother manufacturerscards.c WKOAsabetter alternative,DCPSVersion1.4andlatersup-DOportIPqueues usingeitherHPTCP/IPServicesforAO5OpenVMSsoftwareorProcessSoftwareMultinetforHOOpenVMS.Theusageofthistypeof interfaceisdocu-MOmentedintheDCPS documentationorreleasenotes,andthe9O>DCPS$STARTUP.TEMPLATEstartuptemplatefile.d NLOForgeneraland additional(non-Postscript)IPprintingin-PO formation,pleaseseetopic(1020)andothertopics referencedJO5inthattopic elsewherewithintheAskTheWizardarea.ce9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/fNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.B5Alsosee:*f|?Ug+ `m mhttp://www.wotsit.org/hvOPleaseseeSection15.2.25forpointerstoan introductiontoIPO printing.*hF?Y?iIO15.2.4CHowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayong(OpenVMS?HOIfyouhaveTCP/IP Services,thenusethecommandfor-OTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlater:Oi$&TCPIP3OSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTjiLOAndforearlierTCP/IPServices versions,usethecommand:O$&UCX3OPSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTkNO15.2.5CHowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?GO4Thoughitmayseemobvious,TelnetandLATarequiteFOdifferent-with differing capabilitiesanddesigngoals.fl a<HOPleaseseethe documentationaroundtheTCP/IPServices>OforOpenVMSTELNETcommandCREATE_SESSION.ThisJO5commandisthe equivilentofthe operations performedin;O LTLOAD.COMorLAT$SYSTARTUP.COM.ThereisnoJOTELNET equivilenttothe sys$qio[w]control interfaceforDO>LTDRIVER(as documentedintheI/OUser's ReferenceHOManual) available,thoughstandard sys$qio[w]callsref-HOerencingthecreatedTNdevicewouldlikelyoperateasOH expected.m! DO15.2.6CWhycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttog(OpenVMSAlpha?IOOpenVMSAlphaIPPPPdoesnot presentlysupportauthen-JO tication,andthe MicrosoftWindowsNToptiontodisableIO=authenticationduringaRAS connection apparentlydoesn'tJO currentlywork-RAS connectionswillrequireauthentication-;OandthiswillthuspreventRAS connections.nNHOFutureversionsofOpenVMSandTCP/IPServicesmayaddKOthis,andfutureversionsof MicrosoftWindowsmaypermit5O5 operationswithauthentication disabled."{ wgDO15.4CHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?IOUMostAlphaandmostVAXsystemshaveaconsolecommandIOthatdisplaysthenetworkhardwareaddress.(ManysystemsSOwillalsohaveasticker identifyingtheaddress,eitheronthe>O^ enclosureoronthenetwork controlleritself.*| JOThesystemconsolepower-upmessagesonanumberofVAXNOandAlphasystemswilldisplaythehardwareaddress,partic-MO5ularlyonthosesystemswithan integratedEthernetnetworkOadapterpresent.G}+POIfyoucannotlocateastickeronthesystem,ifthesystemMOpowerupmessageis unavailableordoesnotdisplaythead-RO5dress,andifthesystemisattheconsoleprompt,startwith Otheconsolecommand:OHELP~ ROAconsolecommandsimilartooneofthe followingis typically4Ousedtodisplaythehardwareaddress:OaSHOW&DEVICEOSHOW&ETHERNETOSHOW&CONFIGE+HOOntheoldestVAXQ-bussystems,the followingconsoleLOcommandcanbeusedtoreadtheaddressdirectlyofftheCO5(DELQA,DESQA,orthenot-supported-in-V5.5-and-later'ODEQNA)Ethernet controller:O E/P/W/N:5%20001920ROLookatthelowbyteofthesixwords displayedbytheaboveCOcommand.-(TheoldestVAXQ-bus systems-suchastheDO5KA630 processormoduleusedontheMicroVAXIIandFO VAXstationII series-lackaconsoleHELPcommand,andLOthesesystems typicallyhavetheprimarynetwork controllerOO> installedsuchthatthehardwareaddressvalueislocatedat4Othesystemphysicaladdress 20001920.)GOIfthesystemisaVAXsystem,andanotherVAXsys-HOtemonthenetworkis configuredtoanswer Maintenance?O5and! Operations Protocol (MOP) bootstrap requestsBO(viaDECnetPhaseIV, DECnet-Plus,orLANCP),the=OMOM$SYSTEM:READ_ADDR.EXEtoolcanbe requested:OkB/R5:100%ddcuO Bootfile:% READ_ADDRWLOWhereddcuisthenameoftheEthernet controllerintheDOabovecommand.*TheprimarlylocalDELQA,DESQA,andCO5DEQNAQ-bus controllersareusuallynamedXQA0.+AnCOattempttoMOPdownloadthe READ_ADDRprogramwillKOensue,and(ifthedownloadis successful) READ_ADDRwill*O>displaythehardwareaddress.d:JOIfthesystemisrunning,youcanuseDECnetorTCP/IPLOtodisplaythehardwareaddresswithoneofthe followingO5 commands.O$!%DECnet%Phase%IV O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCP,OISHOW&KNOWN&LINE%CHARACTERISTICSO$!% DECnet-Plus O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL0O^SHOW&CSMA-CD%STATION%*&ALL%STATUS/O$!%TCP/IP%versions%prior%to%V5.0O+$&UCXOsSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL0O$!%TCP/IP%versions%V5.0%and%laterO@$&TCPIPOSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL! WLOAprogramcanbecreatedtodisplaythehardwareaddress,GOreadingthe necessary informationfromthenetworkde-MO5vicedrivers.'AcompleteexampleCprogramforreadingtheKOEthernetorIEEE802.3network controllerhardwareaddressMO(viasys$qiocallstotheOpenVMSnetworkdevice driver(s))1O>is availableatthe followingURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/MOTousetheDECnetPhaseIV configuratortooltowatchfor>OMOPSYSIDactivityonthelocalareanetwork: Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPJOSET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%ENABLEDf baLOLettheDECnetPhaseIV configuratorrunforatleast20IOminutes,and preferablylonger.-Thenissuethe followingO5 commands: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPNOSHOW&MODULE% CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT%STATUS%TO% filename.txtKOISET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%DISABLEDWMOThe resultingfile(named filename.txt)cannowbesearchedKOforthe informationof interest.+MostDECnetsystemswillFO5generateMOPSYSIDmessages identifyingitemssuchasNOthe controllerhardwareaddressandthe controllertype,andIOthesemessagesare generatedand multicastroughlyeveryO>tenminutes. HO InformationontheDECnetMOPSYSIDmessagesandotherOOpartsofthe maintenance protocolsisincludedintheDECnetHO5network architecturespecifications referencedinsectionODOC9. rHO15.4.1CHowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorg( counters?(OOnrecentOpenVMS releases:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP>OYSET%&DEVICE/DEVICE_SPECIFIC=FUNCTION="CCOU"%devnameGO15.4.2CHowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?DO4OnOpenVMSV7.1,allDECnetbinarieswere relocatedPOintoseparate installationkits-youcan selectivelyinstalltheBO appropriatenetwork:- DECnet-Plus (formerlyknownasFO=DECnetOSI),DECnetPhaseIV,andHPTCP/IPServices"O(oftenknownasUCX).T! *DOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.1,DECnetPhaseIVMOwas integrated,andtherewasno installation question.)YouLO5hadtoinstallthe DECnet-Plus (DECnet/OSI)packageontheMOsystem,aftertheOpenVMSupgradeor installation completed.aIODuringanOpenVMSV7.1 installationorupgrade,thein-MO stallation procedurewillqueryyoutolearnif DECnet-PlusMO5shouldbe installed.+Ifyouare upgradingtoV7.1fromanROearlierreleaseorare installingV7.1froma distributionkit,MOsimplyanswer"NO"tothequestionaskingyouifyouwantBO> DECnet-Plus., Then-aftertheOpenVMSupgradeorin-DO stallation completes-usethePCSIPRODUCTINSTALLKOcommandtoinstalltheDECnetPhaseIVbinariesfromtheGOHkitprovidedontheOpenVMSsoftware distributionkit.BA GOIfyoualreadyhave DECnet-Plus installedandwishtoHOrevert,youmust reconfigureOpenVMS.Youcannotrecon-MO5figurethe"live"system,henceyoumustrebootthesystemIOusingtheV7.1 distributionCD-ROM.ThenselecttheDCL=O($$$prompt)option.'Thenissuethe commands:3Ok$$$% DEFINE/SYSTEM%PCSI$SYSDEVICE%DKA0:9O$$$% DEFINE/SYSTEM% PCSI$SPECIFIC& DKA0:[SYS0.]JO$$$%PRODUCT% RECONFIGURE%VMS% /REMOTE/SOURCE=DKA0:[VMS$COMMON]X .FOTheabovecommandsassumethatthetargetsystemde-HOviceandsystemrootare``DKA0:[SYS0.]''..ReplacethisIO5withtheactualtargetdeviceandroot,as appropriate.AOThe RECONFIGUREcommandwillthenissueaseriesJOofprompts.*Youwillwantto reconfigure DECnet-PlusoffMO>thesystem, 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UniversityWestern Kentucky University!9S8 WINDOW_SYSTEMWINDOW_SYSTEMHSN9system parametersystem parameteraS**9 WINDOW_SYSTEMsystem parameterWINDOW_SYSTEM system parameter/S8WiringWiring67S 8 WIZARD.ZIPWIZARD.ZIP )S  8WKUWKU!5S 8 WRITEBOOTWRITEBOOT=S9 WRITEBOOT.EXEWRITEBOOT.EXE\OS!!9WriteHistoryLoggingWrite History LoggingcS ++8WRITESYSPARAMSsystem parameterWRITESYSPARAMS system parameter3S 8WSDRIVERWSDRIVER)S  8WWWWWW7AS8www.archive.orgwww.archive.org !i  jXX)S  9X11X11-S8X11R5X11R51S8X11R6.6X11R6.6)S  8XDRXDR7)S  8XFCXFC?S8XLNperformanceXLNperformance7S 8 XLNsystemsXLNsystems1S  9XMLXML7+S9XOFFXOFF@)S  8XONXON@/S8XPDFXPDFR)S  8xpmxpm?S8XRESOURCES.DATXRESOURCES.DAT=S9 XtAppAddInputXtAppAddInput'S  9xvxv6S 8XWindowsX Windows{IS8XWindowsTerminalX Windows Terminal!i  iYY)S  8Y2KY2K+S9yaccyacc1S9YamhillYamhill6S 8Year2000Year 2000!i  iZZ)S  8ZAPZAPS)S  8ZICZICBS8 Zimmerman,PhilZimmerman, Phil<-S  8zipzip)S  9ZipZip(ASN9Self-extractingSelf-extracting/S8ZMODEMZMODEM'9{! QDO15.5CHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS'(system?JOThereare third-partyproducts availabletosendmessagesJOtoradiopagingdevices (pagers), communicatingviavari-MO^ous protocolssuchasTAP (Telocator Alphanumeric Protocol);Opaging packages.4!  MORamPage (Ergonomic Solutions)isoneofthe availablepack-GOagesthatcangenerateandtransmitmessagestoradioLO5pagers.'TargetAlert(TargetSystems;formerlytheDECalertKOproduct)isanother.' NetworkingDynamicsCorphasaprod-HOuctcalledPagerPlus.*TheSystemWatchdogpackagecanHO>alsosendpages.)TheProcessSoftwarepackagePMDFcanOOroutespecificemail addressestoapagingservice,aswell. JOMany commercialpagingservicesprovideemailcontactad-KOdressesfortheirpaging customers-youcansimplysendorNO5forwardemaildirectlytotheemailaddressassignedtotheOpager. cMOSomepeople implementthesendingofpagestoradiopagersJObysendingcommandstoamodemtotakethe"phone"offRO5the"hook",andthenthepaging sequence,followedbyadelay,MOandthenthesamenumberthatahumanwoulddialtosendPOanumericpage.((Thisisnotentirely reliable,asthemodemMO>lacks"callprogress detection",andtheprogramcouldsim-OOplysendthedialsequencewhennotreally connectedtotheAOpaging company'stelephone-baseddial-up receiver.)r OSeeSection13.1;for informationonthe availablecatalogofO products.*F?}j 7O15.6COpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandEO Clusters,Volume Shadowing,andCluster-relatedsystemO parameters.thatoperateatthe applicationlevel,whileSCSmustoperatePOintherathermore primitivecontextsofthesystemandpar-NO ticularlythe bootstrap-togetSCStooperateoveraDECnetMOHorIP connectionwouldrequire relocatingmajorportionsofROtheDECnetorIPstackintothekernel.*(AnditisnotclearLOthattheresultwouldevenmeetthe bandwidthandlatencyORexpectations.)2! GOTheusualapproachfor multi-siteOpenVMSClustercon-FO figurationsinvolvesFDDI,MemoryChannel(MC2),oraNO5point-to-pointremotebridge,brouter,orswitch.'Theconnec-POtionmustbe transparent,anditmustoperateat10megabitsMOpersecondorbetter (Ethernetspeed),withlatencycharac-VO> teristicssimilartothatofEthernetorbetter.'Varioussitesuse:OFDDI,MC2,ATM,orpoint-to-pointT3link.! JO15.6.1.2B ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?EO)Thissection discussesOpenVMSClustercommunications,MOcluster terminology,related utilities,andcommandandcon-Otrol interfaces.l@ KB+O 15.6.1.2.1CCluster Terminology?&SCS:Systems CommunicationBO( Services.2Theprotocol usedto communicatebetweenBO VMSClustersystemsandbetweenOpenVMSsystemsandFO SCS-basedstorage controllers.- (SCSI-basedstoragecon-'O2trollersdonotuseSCS.)6!  KOPORT:Acommunicationsdevice,suchasDSSI,CI,EthernetSOorFDDI.EachCIorDSSIbusisa differentlocalport,namedJO5PAA0,PAB0,PAC0etc.(AllEthernetandFDDIbussesmake$OupasinglePEA0port. COVIRTUALCIRCUIT:Areliablecommunicationspathes-PO tablishedbetweenapairofports.(Eachportina VMSclusterNO5 establishesavirtualcircuitwitheveryotherportinthatOcluster. QOAllsystemsandstorage controllers establish"Virtual Circuits"POtoenablecommunicationsbetweenall availablepairsofports. NKOSYSAP:A"system application"that communicatesusingSCS.HOEachSYSAP communicateswitha particularremoteSYSAP.#O5ExampleSYSAPsinclude:5!  5OVMS$DISK_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$DISKFOThediskclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$DISKisonalldisk controllersandall VMSClusterGOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter MSCP_LOADsetto1> 5OVMS$TAPE_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$TAPEFOThetapeclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$TAPEisonalltape controllersandall VMSClusterEOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter TMSCP_LOADsetto O1 W6OVMS$VAXCLUSTERconnectstoVMS$VAXCLUSTERGOThisSYSAPcontainsthe connectionmanager,whichman-RO5agescluster connectivity,runstheclusterstate transitional-KOgorithm,and implementstheclusterquorum algorithm.'ThisLOSYSAPalsohandleslocktraffic,andvariousothercluster$O>communications functions.{5OSCS$DIR_LOOKUPconnectsto SCS$DIRECTORYFOThisSYSAPisusedtofindSYSAPsonremotesystems OMSCPandTMSCPEOTheMassStorageControlProtocolandtheTapeMSCPJO5serversareSYSAPsthatprovideaccesstodiskandtapeJOstorage, typically operatingoverSCS protocols.*MSCPandEOTMSCPSYSAPsexistwithinOpenVMS(forOpenVMShostsKO>servingdisksandtapes),withinCI-and DSSI-basedstor-FOage controllers,andwithin host-basedMSCP-orTMSCPKOstorage controllers.(MSCPandTMSCPcanbeusedtoserveGOHMSCPandTMSCPstoragedevices,andcanalsobeusedBOtoserveSCSIandothernon-MSCP/non-TMSCPstorageOdevices.! DOSCS CONNECTION:ASYSAPononenode establishesanOOSCS connectiontoits counterpartonanothernode.&Thiscon-HO5nectionwillbeonONEANDONLYONEofthe availableOvirtual circuits.7O 15.6.1.2.2CClusterCommunicationsControl?nWhenthereAO(are multiple virtual circuits between two OpenVMSAOsystems itis possiblefortheVMS$VAXCLUSTERtoBOVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectiontouseanyoneoftheseOO2 circuits.,Alllocktrafficbetweenthetwosystemswillthen6Otravelontheselectedvirtualcircuit.8! POEachporthasa``LOADCLASS'' associatedwithit.'ThisloadMOclasshelpsto determinewhichvirtualcircuita connectionSO5willuse.+IfoneporthasahigherloadclassthanallothersTOthenthisportwillbeused.(IftwoormoreportshaveequallyVOhighloadclassesthenthe connectionwillusethefirstoftheseKO>thatitfinds.,Priorto enhancementsfoundinV7.3-1andQOlater,theloadclassisstaticandnormallyallCIandDSSINOportshavealoadclassof14(hex),whiletheEthernetandQOHFDDIportswillhavealoadclassofA(hex).'WithV7.3-1and9Olater,theloadclassvaluesaredynamic.\ 2OOFor instance,ifyouhavemultipleDSSIbussesandanFDDI,FOtheVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectionwillchosetheDSSIbusSO5asthispathhasthesystemdisk,andthuswillalwaysbetheJOfirstDSSIbus discoveredwhentheOpenVMSsystemboots. NUOToforcealllocktrafficofftheDSSIandontotheFDDI,forSO instance,an adjustmenttotheloadclassvalueis required,or3O5theDSSISCSportmustbe disabled.4!  SOInadditiontotheloadclass mechanisms,youcanalsousetheEO ``preferredpath'' mechanismsofMSCPandTMSCPser-MO5vices.+ThisallowsyoutocontroltheSCS connectionsusedOOforservingremotediskandtapestorage.'The preferredpathLO mechanismismostcommonlyusedto explicitlyspreadclus-PO>terI/Oactivityoverhostsand/orstorage controllersservingSOdiskortapestoragein parallel.'Thiscanbe particularlyuse-QOfulifyourhostsorstorage controllers individuallylacktheMOH necessaryI/O bandwidthforthecurrentI/Oload,andmustIOthus aggregate bandwidthtoservetheclusterI/Oload. NNOForrelatedtools,seevarious utilities including LAVC$STOP_O(mostOpenVMS versions,youcanusethetools:_ `m$mSYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$STOP_BUS `%SYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$START_BUS|SOThesetoolspermityoutodisableorenableallSCStrafficon)Otheonthe specifiedpaths.! WNOYoucanalsousea preferredpath mechanismthattellstheJOlocalMSCPdiskclassdriver (DUDRIVER)whichpathtoaPO5diskshouldbeused.( Generally,thisisusedwith dual-pathedTOdisks,forcingI/Otrafficthroughoneofthe controllersinsteadQOoftheother.)Thiscanbeusedto implementacrudeformof:O>I/Oload balancingatthediskI/Olevel.uKKOPriortoV7.2,the preferredpathfeatureusesthetool:V, `m!mSYS$EXAMPLES:PREFER.MARz~LOInOpenVMSV7.2andlater,youcanusethe followingDCLOcommand: Oa$&SET%PREFERRED_PATHJOThe preferredpath mechanismdoesnotdisablenoraffect8OSCS operationsonthe non-preferredpath.NLOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,pleaseseetheSCACPutilityMOforcontroloverclustercommunications,SCSvirtualcircuit3O5control,port selection,andrelated.7O15.6.2CClusterSystem Parameter Settings?OO4The followingsectionscontaindetailsof configuringcluster-&Orelatedsystem parameters. MO15.6.2.1BWhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?BOvThe VMScluster connectionmanagerusestheconceptFOofvotesandquorumtopreventdiskandmemorydataIO'corruptions-when sufficientvotesarepresentforquorum,NOthenaccessto resourcesis permitted.)When sufficientvotesNOarenotpresent,useractivitywillbeblocked..TheactofSO1blockinguseractivityiscalleda"quorumhang",andisbetterNOthoughtofasa"userdata integrity interlock".*Thismech-LOanismisdesignedtopreventa partitioned VMScluster,and;O;the resultantmassivediskdata corruptions.;ThequorumKO mechanismis expresslyintendedtopreventyourdatafrom(Obecomingseverely corrupted.}! SMOOneachOpenVMSnodeina VMScluster,onesetstwovalues@OinSYSGEN:VOTES,andEXPECTED_VOTES.TheformerLO5ishowmanyvotesthenode contributestothe VMScluster.SOThelatteristhetotalnumberofvotesexpectedwhenthefull'O VMSclusteris bootstrapped.! `DOSomesites erroneouslyattempttosetEXPECTED_VOTESNOtoolow, believingthatthiswillallowwhenonlyasubsetMO5ofvotingnodesarepresentina VMScluster.,Itdoesnot.GOFurther,an erroneoussettinginEXPECTED_VOTESisau-JO tomatically correctedonce VMScluster connectionstootherQO>nodesare established;userdataisatriskofseverecorrup-OOtionsduringtheearliestandmost vulnerableportionofthePOsystem bootstrap,beforethe connectionshavebeen established.J!  NOOnecanoperatea VMSclusterwithone,two,ormanyvotingKOnodes.*Withanybutthetwo-nodeconfiguration,keepingaRO5subsetofthenodesactivewhensomenodesfailcanbeeasilyMO configured.'Withthetwo-nodeconfiguration,onemustuseaJOprimary-secondary configuration(wheretheprimaryhasallNO>thevotes),apeer configuration(wherewheneithernodeisPOdown,theotherhangs),or (preferable)asharedquorumdisk.WIOUseofaquorumdiskdoesslowdown VMSclustertransi-MOtionssomewhat-theadditionofathirdvotingnodethatOO5 contributesthevote(s)thatwouldbeassignedtothequorumLOdiskmakesforfastertransitions-buttheuseofaquorumKOdiskdoesmeanthateithernodeinatwo-node VMSclusterHO> configurationcanoperatewhentheothernodeisdown. _HOIfyouchoosetouseaquoumdisk,a QUORUM.DATfileLOwillbe automaticallycreatedwhenOpenVMSfirstbootsandIO5whenaquorumdiskis specified-well,the QUORUM.DATKOfilewillbecreatedwhenOpenVMSisbootedwithoutalso7Oneedingthevotesfromthequorumdisk.NJOInatwo-node VMSclusterwithasharedstorage intercon-OOnect, typicallyeachnodehasonevote,andthequorumdiskDO5alsohasonevote.'EXPECTED_VOTESissettothree.T*EOUsingaquorumdiskona non-shared interconnectisLOunnecessary-theuseofaquorumdiskdoesnotprovideanyNO5value,andthevotesassignedtothequorumdiskshouldbeKOassignedtotheOpenVMShostservingaccesstothedisk. HOFor informationonquorumhangs,seetheOpenVMSdocu-DO mentation.)For informationonchangingthe EXPECTED_QO5VOTESvalueonarunningsystem,seetheSETCLUSTER/EXPECTED_GOVOTEScommand,andseethe documentationfortheAMDSIOand AvailabilityManagertools./Alsoof potentialinter-IO>estistheOpenVMSsystemconsole documentationfortheLOprocessor-specificconsolecommandsusedtotriggertheIPCGO (InterrruptPriorityLevel%x0C;IPLC)handler.,AMDS,GOH AvailabilityManager,andtheIPChandlercaneachbeMOusedtoclearaquorumhang.)UseofAMDSand AvailabilityGOManageris generally recommendedoverIPC, particularlyGORbecauseIPCcancauseCLUEXIT bugchecksifthesystemNOshouldremainhaltedbeyondtheclustersanitytimerlimits. NOThequorumschemeisasetof``bladeguards'' deliberatelyBO implementedbyOpenVMS EngineeringtoprovidedataKO5integrity-removethesebladeguardsatyourperil.'OpenVMSO Engineeringdid not/2 implementthequorum mechanismto mechanismwas specifically implementedtokeepyourdata#Ofromgetting scrambled.; _KO15.6.2.2BExplaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?HO)The allocationclass mechanismprovidesthesystemman-NOagerwithawayto configureandresolveservedanddirectOOpathstostoragedeviceswithinacluster.)AnyserveddeviceKO3thatprovidesmultiplepathsshouldbe configuredusingaJOnon-zero allocationclass,eitherattheMSCP(orTMSCP)UOstorage controllers,attheport(forport allocation classes),orHO<attheOpenVMSMSCP(orTMSCP)server.)All controllersNOorservers providingapathtothesamedeviceshouldhavePOthesame allocationclass(attheport, controller,orserverOFlevel). WOOEachdisk(ortape)unitnumberusedwithinanon-zerodiskOO(ortape) allocationclassmustbeunique, regardlessoftheNO5 particulardeviceprefix.)Forthepurposesof multi-pathde-NOvicepathdetermination,anydisk(ortape)devicewiththeJOsameunitnumberandthesamedisk(ortape) allocationGO>class configurationisassumedtobethesamedevice.^NOIfyouare reconfiguringdiskdevice allocationclasses,youQOwillwanttoavoidtheuseof allocationclassone($1$)un-MO5 til/unlessyouhaveFibreChannelstorage configured.((FibreLOChannelstorage specificallyrequirestheuseof allocation&Oclass$1$.'eg:' $1$DGA0:.)! J_NO 15.6.2.2.1CHowto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathOSCSI?JtTheHSZ allocationclassisappliedtodevices,startingNOvwithOpenVMSV7.2.*Itis consideredaport allocationclassPO(PAC),andalldevicenameswithaPAChavetheir controllerUO'letterforcedto"A".((YoumightinferfromthethetextintheMO "GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurations"thatthisisLO somethingyouhavetodo,thoughOpenVMSwill thoughtfully,O1handlethisrenamingforyou.)| RNOYoucanforcethedevicenamesbacktoDKBbysettingtheQOHSZ allocationclasstozero,andsettingthePKBPACto-1.UO5Thiswillusethehost allocationclass,andwillleavethecon-XOtrollerletteralone(thatis,theDK controllerletterwillbethePOsameastheSCSIport(PK) controller).(Notethatthiswon'tOO>workiftheHSZis configuredinmultibusfailovermode.)InOOthiscase,OpenVMSrequiresthatyouusean allocationclassOfortheHSZ.! UEOWhenyour configurationgetseven moderatelycomplex,NOyoumustpaycareful attentiontohowyouassignthethreeOO5kindsof allocationclass:*node,portandHSZ/HSJ,asother-POwiseyoucouldwindupwithdevicenaming conflictsthatcan#Obepainfultoresolve.9JOThe display-ablepath informationisforSCSI multi-path,KOandpermitsthe multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenQO5 differentpathstothesamedevice.)IfyouhavetwopathstoGO $1$DKA100,forexamplebyhavingtwoKZPBA controllersKOandtwoSCSIbusestotheHSZ,youwouldhavetwoUCBsLO>ina multi-pathset.,Thepath informationisusedbytheKO multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenthesetwoUCBs.! NOThe displayablepath information describesthepath;inthisSOcase,theSCSIport.'IfportisPKB,that'sthepathnameyouRO5get.(Thedevicenameisnolonger completelytiedtotheportNOname;thedevicenamenowdependsonthevarious allocationFOclasssettingsofthe controller,SCSIportornode. kNOThereasonthedevicename's controllerletterisforcedtoKO"A"whenyouusePACsisbecauseasharedSCSIbusmayNO5be configuredvia differentportsonthevariousnodescon-MOnectedtothebus.+TheportmaybePKBononenode,andMOPKContheother.+Rather obviously,youwillwanttohaveNO>theshareddevicesusethesamedevicenamesonallnodes.ROTo establishthis,youwillassignthesamePAConeachnode,OOandOpenVMSwillforcethe controllerlettertobethesameMOHoneachnode.(Simplychoosing"A"waseasierandmorede-OO terministicthan negotiatingthe controllerletterbetweentheQOnodes,andalso parallelsthesolutionusedforthis situation6ORwhenDSSIorSDI/STIstoragewasused.NIOToenableport allocationclasses,seetheSYSBOOTcom-?Omand SET/BOOT,andseethe DEVICE_NAMINGsystemO5 parameter. POThis informationisalso describedintheClusterSystemsandEO GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurationsmanuals.6! ` DO15.6.3CTellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC>O4TheOpenVMSDCLcommandsSETHOST/DUPandSETNOHOST/HSCareusedtoconnecttostorage controllersviatheKO DiagnosticsandUtilityProtocol(DUP).Thesecommandsre-JO=quirethattheFYDRIVERdevicedriverbe connected.*ThisJOdevicedriver connectionis typically performedbyaddingIOthe following command(s)intothesystemstartupcommandOG procedure:iOOnOpenVMSAlpha:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSMANBOPSYSMAN>&IO&CONNECT%"FYA0/NOADAPTER/DRIVER=SYS$FYDRIVERihOOnOpenVMSVAX:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTERNEO AlternativestotheDCLSETHOST/DUPcommandincludeHOtheconsoleSETHOSTcommand availableonvariousmid-,O5torecent-vintageVAX consoles:!EOAccessto ParametersonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&PARAMS!OOAccessto DirectoryoftoolsonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&DIRECTiAOAccessto ParametersonaKFQSADSSI controller:AOSHOW&UQSSP&!%to%get&port_controller_number%PARAMS=OPSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSa 7FOTheseconsolecommandsare availableonmostMicroVAXIOand VAXstation3xxxseriessystems,andmost(all?)*VAXNO54xxxseriessystems.(Forfurther information,seethesystemEO documentationand-onmostVAX systems-seetheconsoleOHELPtext. a DSSI-basedVMScluster-andmostoftheconceptscov-MOeredaredirectly applicabletoOpenVMSAlphasystems.'ThisHOmanual specificallycoversthe hardware,whichissome-EOHthingnotcoveredbythestandardOpenVMS VMSclusterOdocumentation.)OAlsoseeSection15.3.3,+andfortheSCSnameoftheOOpenVMShostseeSection5.7.*F?x*|?! @O15.6.4CHowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)PO4IfyouwanttorenumberorrenameDSSIdisksorDSSItapes,?Oit'seasy-ifyouknowthesecretincantation... aaOFromOpenVMS:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTEROSYSGEN>&^ZFO$&SET%"HOST/DUP/SERV=MSCP$DUP/TASK=PARAMS& O(...OpPARAMS>&STAT%CONFSOOPARAMS>&EXIT OH...! NIOFromtheconsoleonmost3000-and 4000-classVAXsys-ROtem consoles...& (Obviously,thesystemmustbehaltedfortheseO5 commands...)!]O IntegratedDSSI:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:[0:1]]%dssi_node_number&PARAMSw!MOKFQSA:=OSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSB JOFor informationonhowtogetoutintothePARAMSsub-POsystem,alsoseetheHELPattheconsolepromptfortheSETGO5HOSTsyntax,orseetheHELPonSETHOST/DUP(once7Oyou've connectedFYDRIVERunder OpenVMS).0! KOOnceyouareoutintothePARAMS subsystem,youcanuseFOtheFORCEUNIoptiontoforcetheuseoftheUNITNUMGO5valueandthensetauniqueUNITNUMinsideeachDSSIOOISE-thiscauseseachDSSIISEtousethespecfiedunitnum-LOberandnotusetheDSSInodeastheunitnumber.+OtherFO> parametersofinterestareNODENAMEand ALLCLASS,theMOnodenameandthe(diskortape)cluster allocationclass.WKOEnsurethatalldiskunitnumbersusedwithinanOpenVMSNOClusterdisk allocationclassareunique,andalltapeunitDO5numbersusedwithinanOpenVMSClustertapealloca-KOtionclassarealsounique.-FordetailsontheSCSname&OoftheOpenVMShost,see Section5.7.FordetailsofSETO> HOST/DUP,see>Section15.6.3.* ?*?6 DO15.6.5CWherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)g( information? `@6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/index.htmlPV&?O15.6.6CHowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?CO4Reviewthe VMSclusterdocumentation,andtheSystemCO Managementdocumentation.-The followingarethekeyPOpoints,butarelikelynottheonlythingsyouwillneedtoO=change.AMOOpenVMSClustersupportisdirectly integratedintotheop-OOeratingsystem,andthereisnowaytoremoveit.*Youcan,NO5however,remote site-specific tailoringthatwasaddedfora-O particularclusterconfiguration. NMOFirst:'Create restorableimageBACKUPsofeachofthecur-NOrentsystemdisks.)If somethinggetsmessedup,youwanta#O5waytorecover,right?! NHOCreate standaloneBACKUPkitsfortheOpenVMSVAXsys-KOtems,andcreateoracquirebootableBACKUPkitsforthe"O5OpenVMSAlphasystems. N9OUseCLUSTER_CONFIGorCLUSTER_CONFIG_LANtoQOremovethevarioussystemrootsandtoshutoffbootservices$O5and VMScluster settings.I! JOCreateasmanyarchitecture-specificcopiesofthesystemSOdisksas required.'RealizethatthenewsystemswillalllikelyNO5bebootingthroughrootSYS0-ifyouhaveanysystem-specific4Ofilesinanyotherroots,savethem.! uOORelocatethecopiesofthe VMSclustercommonfilesontoeach&Oofthenewsystemdisks.yMOResettheconsole parametersandbootflagsoneachsystem,Oforuseona standalonenode.y;OResetthe VAXCLUSTERandNISCS_LOAD_PEA0pa->Orametersto0inSYSGENandinMODPARAMS.DAT.~TCOClobberthe VMSclustergroupIDandpasswordusingOSYSMAN.sIIORebootthesystems seperately,andrunAUTOGENoneach.! ^NOShutoffMOPservicesviaNCPorLANCPonthebootserverOnodes.S K)MO Permanent seperationalsorequiresthe duplicationofsharedSOfiles.*Foralistofthefilescommonlyshared,pleaseseetheFO5mostcurrentversionof SYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE,MOand specificallyaversionfromOpenVMSV7.2orlater.(TheGO followingfilesare typicallysharedwithinacluster:k Filename:Bkdefault% directory%(in&common%root)%and%file%type:SYSUAFSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT SYSUAFALTSYS$SYSTEM:.DATBSYSALFBSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT RIGHTSLISTSYS$SYSTEM:.DATNETPROXYSYS$SYSTEM:.DAT NET$PROXYSYS$SYSTEM:.DATb NETOBJECTbSYS$SYSTEM:.DATNETNODE_REMOTESYS$SYSTEM:.DAT QMAN$MASTER= SYS$SYSTEM:&(this&is&a%set&of&related%files): LMF$LICENSE:SYS$SYSTEM:.LDBVMSMAIL_PROFILESYS$SYSTEM:.DATA VMS$OBJECTSSYS$SYSTEM:.DATVMS $AUDIT_SERVERSYS$MANAGER:.DATZVMS$PASSWORD_HISTORYZSYS$SYSTEM:.DATANETNODE_UPDATESYS$MANAGER:.COMVMS$PASSWORD_POLICYSYS$LIBRARY:.EXE2LAN$NODE_DATABASE*2 SYS$SYSTEM:LAN$NODE_DATABASE.DAT! dUOAlsoseethetopicson ``cluster divorce''intheAskTheWizardOarea.c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?YBO Informationonchanging nodenamesisincludedinOSection5.7.*O|? 1O15.6.7CDetailsonVolume Shadowing?FO4Thissectioncontains informationon host-basedvolumeOO shadowing;onthedisk mirroring capabilities availablewithinOOpenVMS.$MO15.6.7.1BDoesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?KOvYes,useof host-basedVolume ShadowingrequiresthatthePOdisk(s)involvedbe configuredinanon-zero allocationclass. BOEditSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATtoincludeadeclara-ROtionofannon-zero allocationclass,suchassettingthehost/O5 allocationclasstothevalue7:O ALLOCLASS%=%7]33OThenAUTOGENthesystem,andreboot.A zNOYoushouldnowbeabletoformtheshadowsetviaacom-)Omandsuchasthe following:JOa$&MOUNT&dsa1007:&/SHADOW=($7$dkb300:,$7$dkb500:)% volumelabelS)JOWhen operatinginanOpenVMSCluster,thissequencewillIO typicallychangethedisknamesfromtheSCSNODEprefixJO5(scsnode$dkann)totheallocation-classprefix ($7$dkannn).JOThismayprovideyouwiththe opportunitytomovetoaFOdevice-independentschemeusinglogicalname constructsLO>suchastheDISK$volumelabellogicalnamesinyourstartupIOand application environments;an opportunitytoweedout'Ophysicaldevice references.%LO AllocationclassoneisusedbyFibreChanneldevices; itPOcanbebesttouseanothernon-zero allocationclassevenifMO5FibreChannelisnot currently configuredandnot currentlyOplanned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```aabbbbbbbcccccccddddeeffgggghhhhhijjjjkkkkkllmmmmmmmmmmmmnnnnooooooooooppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppqrsssstttttttuuuvwwwwxxxxxxxyyyyyzzz{{{{{{{|||}~~~~~~~~~~~}Preface/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)ContributorsContributorsContributorsContributors%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information3Old FAQ Section Notations Available in IndexThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine Print1. Introduction61.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know? Table 1- 1: Core Websites21.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?<1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?31.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?@1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?2. General Information02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?/2.3.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?+Table 2- 1: OpenVMS Alpha Media Kits82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?,Table 2- 2: OpenVMS I64 Order Numbers82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?+Table 2- 3: OpenVMS I64 Media Suffix82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?/Table 2- 4: OpenVMS Source Listings Kits82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?62.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?62.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?32.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?32.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?<2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?<2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?92.9 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?6Table 2- 5: OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-Thumb.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?'2.17 Basic Units of Measurement?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?3. Documentation=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites93.3 OpenVMS Product Information Telephone Numbers?$Table 3- 2: Telephone NumbersH3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?H3.4 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?93.5 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.6 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals?G3.7 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS?3.7.1 Tutorial Websites?,Table 3- 3: OpenVMS Tutorial Websites,Table 3- 3: OpenVMS Tutorial Websites!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?Table 3- 4: DP Books!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.7.2 Books and Tutorials?43.8 What OpenVMS mailing lists are available?(Table 3- 5: OpenVMS Mailing Lists@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.9 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.10 Access to the OpenVMS Netscape Navigator documentation?C3.11 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?C3.11 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?C3.11 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?4. Time and Timekeeping:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?84.1.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?34.1.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock4.1.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME 4.1.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR54.1.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...54.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip4.1.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCKA4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?64.2.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?64.2.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?64.2.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?34.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.2.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?54.2.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.2.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.2.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.2.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.2.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.2.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?F4.3 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Savings?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.3.1 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?54.3.2 Customizing your TDF (Timezone) Setting?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.4 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.5 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.5 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.5 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.6 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?'5. System Management Information&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?35.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?@5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?@5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?75.10 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.5 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.6 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade TerminologyM5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?B5.16 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers?%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 Gp} }The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D205.16.4 Radeon 75005.16.4 Radeon 7500?5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?E5.21 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?M5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?M5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station??5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?>5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?H5.35 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?D5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832CD5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832C+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?;5.42 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?45.42.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?F5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?F5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?:5.42.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?75.43 Please explain DELETE/ERASE and File Locks?6. Information on MailL6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?"7. Information on Utilities77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?67.4 Why is DECmigrate not working with Fortran?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.5 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.6 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?8. DCL Details18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?18.1 How do I run a program with arguments?-8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?-8.2 How can I clear the screen in DCL?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.3 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?48.4 How do I generate a random number in DCL?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?(8.5 What does the MCR command do?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.6 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.7 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?98.8 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?28.9 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.10 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.11 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?9. Files%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?*10. OpenVMS Programming InformationE10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?A10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?<10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?410.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?C10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?H10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?11. DECwindowsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?.Table 11- 1: X Windows Display CommandsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?J11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?J11.3 How cp} }an I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?711.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?711.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?F11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?F11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?911.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?911.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?=11.14 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP TransportD11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?$12. Miscellaneous InformationI12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?,12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?%13. Finding and using SoftwareE13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?F13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilitiesF13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilities+13.2.2 C system and library routines+13.2.2 C system and library routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS? 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor 13.2.5 The vi text editor13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6 Various GNU tools13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script??13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number??13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?D13.9 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?613.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?613.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?613.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?613.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?613.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?.13.11 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?I13.12 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.12 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.12 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.12 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.13 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?213.14 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.14 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.14 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?14. Hardware InformationI14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?914.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?F14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?F14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?414.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?814.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?814.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?614.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?614.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?914.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options.14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail?.14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail?:14.3.10 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.10 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.10 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.10 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal WorkstatipbT bTon ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?L14.8 What is the Accuracy of the Alpha Time of Year (BB_WATCH) Clock?514.9 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?$14.10 What is byte swizzling?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.11 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?:14.12 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?D14.13 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?D14.13 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.14 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?F14.15 What is the Accuracy of VAX the Time of Year (TOY) Clock?414.16 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.17 Where can I get software and hardware support information?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.18 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.19 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.20 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.21 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.22 Where can I get information on storage hardware?@14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?@14.23 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?N14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadN14.24 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadB14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.25 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?G14.26 Third-party disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.26.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?C14.26.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?314.26.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.27 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.28 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?714.29 What is flow control and how does it work?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.30 CD and DVD device requirements?/15. Information on Networks and Clusters.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?&15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?*15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?.15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?F15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?015.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?>15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?@15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?015.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)F15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.6 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?*15.6.7 Details on Volume Shadowing?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.7.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes? faq_preface faq_preface_sectioncontributorsfaqarchivesproductionsecindex tfp$faq_introduction%intro_urls&tbl_core_websites'intro_newsgroups(intro1)intro2.intro71intro34intro4:intro5Cintro6JfeedbackKintro8NambassadorsQmarketingRintro8_techUfaq_generalV vms1g vms2jvmsnameo vms3p vms4r vms5v vms7{tbl_cd_media}tbl_oe_ordertbl_oe_suffixtbl_listings_mediasqpdownloads vms8vmslicenses vms9hvmseduvms9dspp vms9 vms10 vms11 vms12 vms13tbl_rot vms14 vms15 vms16 vms17 unitsprog14prog15misc22faq_documentation doc1 doc2tbl_websites doc6tbl_telephone doc4 doc5  doc10  doc11doc11_1tbl_tutorialsdoc11_2tbl_dp_books doc13tbl_email doc14" doc12&doccrtl)faq_time* time14time115time11_details6toyclock7vax_systime8todcbase9 todr?alpha_details@bb_watchAalpha_systimeBhwclockF time9I time2Q time6Ztimeclubatch] time3btimebackwardsf time8k time7x time4 time5time13time10timemarvaltime12faq_management mgmt1 mgmt2mgmtsecurity mgmt3 mgmt4 mgmt5mgmt5amgmt5b mgmt9mgmt11mgmt15mgmt16 alpha_pathi64_pathvax_pathcluster_pathsupport%terminology+mgmt172mgmt188mgmt19?mgmt21Hmgmt23Mmgmt24N elsaYpowerstorm300`powerstorm3d30cradeon7500emgmt25rmgmt27umgmt30{mgmt31mgmt32mgmt33mgmt34mgmt37mgmt38mgmt39mgmt40mgmt41mgmt43mgmt46mgmt48mgmt49mgmt50mgmt51mgmt52mgmt53mgmt56mgmt57mgmt59mgmt60mgmt62mgmt35mgmt35_10mgmt35_12mgmt35_16mgmt35_20mgmt64mgmt20 mgmt12mgmterasemgmtelnetvtmgmt63$mgmt63_mc&mgmt63_mm(mgmterapat)faq_mail* mail7. mail95mail108faq_utilities9 util1= util2D util3I util4L util5S util6Vfaq_dclW dcl1b dcl3d dcl4g dcl5h dcl6k dcl7q dcl8v dcl9w dcl10x dcl11~ dcl12faq_files file1 file2 file3 file4 file5 file6 file7filedvdcd rrd42file2kboot file8 file9filexfcfileseqrmsfaq_progprefixes prog1 prog2 prog3 prog4 prog5 prog7 prog8 prog9prog10 prog11prog12prog13prog16!prog17&prog18.prog193prog204prog215prog228prog23; soft5QcommoncYcommonc2kprog101mprogversionsrprogprcdmpuprogi64asmxfaq_decwindowsy decw1|tbl_xdisplay decw2 decw3 decw4 decw6 decw9decw10keymapping decw5decw11decw12decw13decw14decw15decw16decw17decwupgdecwfontsfaq_miscellaneous misc2misc12misc13 misc14 misc20faq_software soft1 soft2 posixcxwindowstcpiptools vi gnu gccsoftpli soft3 soft4 soft6 soft7 soft8 soft9soft10soft12soft13soft14vaxemulfaq_hardwarealpha2alpha5console alpha20"srmpalcode$comports%alpha24) vax9* vax100 vax14alpha128vaxalphar59 i6411;alpha11= vax7?alpha7FalphasrmfwGalpha6Palpha14Valpha21c vcsgbootaliasesi efifwmplatformsupportvalpha8alphapcalpha13alpha15alpha22alpha22aalpha23 itan1 itan2alpha9alpha10alpha16alpha17alpha18alpha19 vax2 vax3 vax4 vax5 vax8 vax11 supp1 supp2 supp3 supp4 supp5  supp6 supp7 supp8 supp9misc21(misc21list+ scsi1, scsi2-wires15wires2@wires3HcddvddevRfaq_networksS net2V vmsipW net1Ynet100a mgmt6imgmt28kmgmt36m misc9ovmsdecnetpnet200q misc6xmgmt58{ misc7misc17mgmt14misc15vmsclustersvmsscsmisc19mgmt47mgmt47scstermmgmt47scsutilmgmt47scstoolclusterparamsmgmt10mgmt61mgmt42mgmt13mgmt26mgmt44mgmt45volshadmgmt54 >@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-I-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1> -ADOBE-Courier-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1'  > ! {6OOpenVMS" Frequently"Asked! Questions!(FAQ)EO,ThisistheOpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)COpostingforthe comp.os.vmsand comp.sys.decusenetO newsgroups. _q-fb SuggestionsandUpdatesWelcome! _q =WPleasesendyour suggestionsforchanges, ad->ditions,!or corrections directly toFAQ Editor%(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com) S )NoSupport Questions,Please 6  WPleasedo =Wnot2Wsend technical questionstotheFAQBEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com).)TheFAQEditor)(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)is notinapositionto@aanswergeneral questions,nortoprovidegeneralCproductsupport.*Rather,pleasepostyour questions?tothe appropriate newsgroup,orpleasecontact>kyour preferredhardwareand/orsoftwaresupport$organization(s) directly. \<WYour understandinginthismatterisgreatly appreciated.  }NOIfyoubelieveany particular discussionworthyof inclusionLOinafutureeditionoftheFAQand particularlyonceyou-O5haveorknowboththequestion 5and5theanswer,pleaseJOthensendtheentire discussionalongtotheFAQEditorAO(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)for potential inclusion.GODonotethattheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)NOtakesURLlink continuity seriously,andstrivestomaintainLO5currentlinks./Thisis, however,alargetask,anditisKOonlybecomingmore difficult.+URLlink continuityisalsoPO somethingthatyoucanassistwith,ofcourse.)IfyoushouldOO>findadeadlinkorastaleURLpointer,pleasenotifytheMOFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com).(IfyouhaveorcanLOfindthecurrent,correctorupdatedURL,ofcourse,thatMOHgreatlyassiststheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)in:O maintainingthemostcurrentsetoflinks.R(OThankyou! +Postto NewsgroupsWithCare! #Pleaseconsiderreading;Section1.3beforepostingtoCthe comp.os.vmsoranyother newsgroups.'(Whatyou1>postcancomebacktohauntyou.) *;P}?:! O ContributorsKO4Manypeoplehave contributedtothisFAQ,directlyand/orPO indirectly.)Inmanycases,partorallofananswerincludedOOintheFAQhasbeenadaptedfromoneormorepostingsfromIO=the comp.os.vmsorothernewsgroup-thisthough individualMO citationsandspecific quotationsare generallynotincludedHOinthisFAQ.(TheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)SOGwishestothanktoallofthosefolkswhopostanswerstothePO newsgroups,andthathave contributedtothecontentsofthisOFAQ.)W! -NOThe followingisan incompletelistofthefolksthathaveKO contributeddirectlyor indirectlytothecontentsoftheCO5OpenVMSFAQ. Additions, corrections,andupdatestoLOthislistof contributorsandtothecontentsoftheFAQLOitselfarewelcome,andall omissionsand misspellingsareQO>unintentional.'Thankstoeachofthe contributorshere,andtoSOallofthefolksthathave participatedintheFAQandintheO newsgroups.! LOPaul Anderson,Jason Armistead,Zoltan Arpadffy,JohnAtoZ,HOBailey,JeremyBegg,ColinBlake,Ken Blaylock,KennethDO5Block,Bol,CraigBerry,Mark Berryman,JimBecker,GOVerellBoaen,Bol,JimBrankin,RichardBrodie,RobertKOAlanByer,Jeff Campbell,Scott Campbell,AntonioCarlini,GO>Keith Cayemberg,KenChaney,Cristy,JohnCroll,DavidJOJ. Dachtera,Robert Deininger,Dale Dellutri,LeoDemers,EOSueDenham,ThomasDickey,EricDittman,JimDunham,MOHEric,Glenn Everhart,Ken Fairfield,YaacovFenster,GuntherLO Froehlin,Harry Garonzik,DerekGarson,John Gillings,AndyHO Goldstein,ClairGrant,HunterGoatley,Ruth Goldenberg,HORVance Haemmerle,KiSukHahn,SHarris,FletcherHearns,FOPhillipHelbig,HeinvandenHeuvel,StephenHoffman,BOEberhardHeuser-Hofmann,SueHolt,Horn,Jaf,LeifIO[Jansson,KevinJenkins,DonJones,HenryJuengst,inazu_IOk,Geoff Kingsmill,Fred Kleinsorge,FelixKreisel,VeliHO Korkko,RuslanR.Laishev,Norm Lastovica,p_lee,JerryJOe Leichter,RichardLevitte,SteveLionel,KerryMain,JohnEOE. Malmberg,DavidMathog,DaleMiller,DickMunroe,HOPatrickMoreau, Morrison,otis,George Pagliarulo,KeithIOoParris,Plass,pvhp,DavidRabahy,Stan Rabinowitz,MikeHO Raspuzzi,SteveReece,IanRing,Aaron Sakovich,WarrenAO Sander,MarkSchafer,BrianSchenkenberger, AtlantFOxSchmidt,WayneSewell,Steven Shamlian,Sue Skonetski,FOScottSnadow,ScottSquires,stfp,DaveSweeney,MikeFO)  Thompson,ArneVajhj,Martin Vorlnder,PeterWeaver,BO WilliamWebb, Williams,Paul Winalski,UweZinser. GOAgain, anyomissionfromthislistandanyerrorsorJO misspellingsareentirelyunintentional.-PleasenotifytheGO5FAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)ofany omissions,QO corrections,orupdatesthatmightbeneededwithinthislist.OOAndthankstoeachofthese individualsfortheir assistanceQO>andfortheircontributions,and particularlyforsharingtheirO expertise.   J! ;O1.5BOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?COUThe followingsectionincludescontactsforOpenVMSNO Feedback,and informationonhowtoobtain technicalsupportO information.sKVIEO1.5.1B CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?GO4The followingfolksaretheHP corporatecontactsforIOOpenVMSbusinessissues,listedin descendingorderfromGOCarleton(Carly)FiorinatotheVice Presidentofthe-O=OpenVMS Engineering organization:L `mmCarlyFiorina `Ann Livermore `llScottStallard `RichardMarcello `k)kMarkGorham;theOpenVMSVPMjLOThesefolkswillquite obviouslyrespondbestto cogently-DOwordedOpenVMScorporate-levelbusinessissues.,TheseNO5folksarenot appropriatecontactsfor technicalsupportis-MOsuesnorfor technicalsupport requests,norforanyother?Onon-corporate-related,non-business-relatedissues. Nj&O1.5.2BOpenVMS Ambassadors?EO4TheOpenVMS AmbassadorsareseniorHP engineerswithEOadvanced technical knowledgeandadvancedtraininginGOOpenVMS,withdetailed knowledgeofcurrentandfutureFO=OpenVMSreleasesandproductplans,andwithcontactsKOdirectlywiththeHPandISVhardwareandsoftwareengi-COneering organizations developingOpenVMSandOpenVMSLOGhardware platforms,aswellaslayeredproductsandtools.DOFurther, Ambassadorsare experiencedwith integratingDOHPOpenVMSandapplication-specificproductsandISVDOQ applicationstosolvespecificbusiness requirements.mOCCOOpenVMS Ambassadorsarebased throughouttheworld.PKOYourHPsalesrepresentativeorHPresellerwillbeable?OconnectyouwithyourlocalOpenVMS Ambassador.Q~>O1.5.3BContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand<( Questions?OPleaseseeSection3.5.*QO|?rR VH@O1.5.4BContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?HO4For technicalissuesand technicalsupport,pleasecon-KOtactyoursoftwaresupport organization,oryourlocalHPKOCustomerSupportCenterorHP Reseller.'InNorthAmerica,*O=youcancall1-800-HP-INVENT.SaIOPleaseremembertoreviewandtobookmarkthe followingOsupportURLs:T `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ `!http://askq.compaq.com/ `l.l$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/eVwV:O2.1BWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?GOUOpenVMS, originallycalledVMS(VirtualMemorySystem),MOwasfirst conceivedin1976asanew operatingsystemforHOthe then-new,32-bit,virtualmemorylineof computers,@O^ eventuallynamedVAX(VirtualAddress eXtension).AWKOThefirstVAXmodel,the11/780,was code-named ``Star'',COhencethecodenamefortheVMS operatingsystem,MO5 ``Starlet'',anamethatremainstothisdaythenamefor successortotheRSX-11M operatingsystemforthePDP-GO11.-Manyoftheoriginal designersand programmersofCOOpenVMShadworked previouslyonRSX-11M,andmanyDOHconceptsfromRSX-11MwerecarriedovertoOpenVMS.ZNFOOpenVMSVAXisa32-bit, multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(Currentimplementations?O5runonVAXsystemsfromHPandothervendors.[NGOOpenVMSAlphaisa64-bit multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(CurrentimplementationsBO5runonAlphasystemsfromHP,andothervendors.U\ +LOOpenVMShasalsobeenportedtotheIntelIA-64 architec-MOture,and specificallytoHP Integritysystemsusingmicro-IO5 processorsfromtheIntelItanium ProcessorFamily.+ThisFOimplementationofOpenVMSis officiallyknownas``HPEOOpenVMSfor Integrity Servers''andmorecommonlyasMO> ``OpenVMSI64'',anditoperatesinthenativeItaniumIA-CO64 architectureand64-bit environment.-OpenVMSI64POprovidessupportfor applications requiring32-or64-bitvir-OOHtual addressing capabilitiesentirelywithinthenative64-bitHOItanium execution environment.,(Fordetailsonthisand,Orelated terminology,pleaseseeSection14.4.5.)*\?]LOFormoredetailsonOpenVMSandits features,pleaseread;OtheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Descriptionat:b^8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/_ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx. `NJO Additional informationonthegeneralfeaturesofvariousMOOpenVMS releases,releasedates,aswellasthe developmentKO5projectcodenamesofspecific releases,is availableat:ad `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.htmlb NLO Additional historicalinformation-aswellaspicturesandaPOvarietyofother trivia-is availableintheVAX20thanniver-O5sarybook:ucq K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdfd! NOFor informationontheFreeVMSproject,andonhobbyistand;O educationalversionsofOpenVMS,pleasesee:e `m"mhttp://www.free-vms.org/ `)http://www.openvmshobbyist.org/ `l$lhttp://www.openvmsedu.com/fFOAlso please seethe related software licensing topicsOSection2.8.4,-Section2.8.1, andSection2.15.*fO?*f-?*f?Qjw'@O2.3BWhat'sinaName?' Terminologyand Products?GOUThepropernamesforOpenVMSonthevarious platformsEOare ``OpenVMSVAX'', ``OpenVMSAlpha'',and ``OpenVMSFOI64''.-Useof ``OpenVMSAXP''andof ``VAX/VMS''areO^ deprecated.k! NJOTheVAXandAlphatermsarelargelyinterchangeablyusedPOasthenamesof platforms,of processorormicroprocessorim-MO5plementations,andofthe respective computingarchitectures.wl! MIOSomewhat confusingto long-timeOpenVMSusers,IntelIA-HO32,IA-64,andEM64T,andAMDAMD64arethenamesofKO5various computing architecturesandof architecturalexten-OOsions.'Only.'Thesearenotthenamesofanyimplementations,"Onorofany platforms.tm JJOIntelItaniumisthenameofafamilyofmicroprocessorJOimplementationsoftheIntelIA-64 architecture,asIntelJO5PentiumandXeonarethenamesoffamiliesof micropro-POcessorimplementationsofIntelIA-32and (potentially)oftheOEM64T extensions.n _NOI64isthegenericnameforthevariousHP Integrityplat-JOforms supportedbyHPOpenVMSfor IntegrityServers(andKO5morecommonlyas ``OpenVMSI64'');forthe platformssup-LOportedbyOpenVMSI64.'(For additionalrelated terminology,OpleaseseeSection14.4.5.)*n?o :O2.3.1BHowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?>O4Youalreadydid.(Wasn'tthateasy?'Pleasesee4Section2.2 u4forOdetails.*o}?g0"vnrAO2.6BWhatOpenVMS distributionkitsare available?1OUVarious distributionsare available.w! pNOForthemostcurrent informationonthe availablepartnum-MObersandcurrentproducts(OpenVMS distributionkits,media,LO5documentation,etc)andthemostcurrent associatedlicens-IOing information,pleaseseethecurrentOpenVMSSoftware@OProduct Description(SPD) document, availableat:bx8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/y _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.wz! M"OTheCD-ROMslistedinTable2-1%?containjusttheOpenVMSIOAlpha operatingsystem.*The operatingsystem distributionIO5kitsare bootable,andcanbeusedtorunBACKUPfromNOtheopticalmedia,aswellas performingan installationorOupgrade.*zF`?{D| EOOpenVMSI64is distributedonDVD-ROMmedia,andisJO bootable.*OpenVMSI64 licensingis implementedonaper-MO<processor-socketbasis,withtheclassiclicensetiersbasedKOonthenumbersof processorsocketsthatcanbepresent.KOFurther,threegeneralproductand licensing groupingsareEOE optionally availablewithOpenVMSI64,the FoundationDO Operating Environment(FOE),the Enterprise OperatingIO Environment(EOE),and (as/when/if available)theMissionCOOCritical Operating Environment(MCOE).Seperateper-SOproductlicensesare generallyalso availableforvariousofthe@Oproductswithinthe Operating Environmentgroups.~NOTheproductsuffixrequiredfortheordernumberslistedinOTable2-2canbefoundin Table2-3.*~Oa?}*~ a?^BOTheOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlphasourcelistings"OCD-ROMsetslistedinTable2-4(includethesourcelistingsHO<ofmostofOpenVMS,andtheseCD-ROMsetsareinvalu-MOableforanyfolksworkingdirectlywithOpenVMS internals,LOaswellasfolks interestedinseeingexamplesofvarious"OE programming interfaces.*b?^CO AdditionalOpenVMSpackagesand technologiesinclud-GOing NetBeans,XML,SOAP,UDDI,JDK,Perl,Tomcat,SSLEO<andsuchare discussedwithintheOpenVMS e-BusinessKOInfrastructurePackageSPD 80.58.xx.)Again,pleaseseetheCOOpenVMSSPDandthe documentsandparts referenced6OEthereforthemostcurrent information.:V?O2.6.1BWherecanIdownloadOpenVMSandLayered<(ProductKits?GOHP customerswith commerciallicensesandsupportcon-LOtractscandownloadsoftwareproduct distributionkitsfrom&O=the followingHPwebsite:S) `mmhttp://www1.sqp.com/ QOYoucanalsofindpointerstotheSoftwareRolloutReportandIOtotheOpenVMSSPDlistingsviatheaboveSQPwebsite.|RLO Informationon obtainingand transferinglicensesisavail-OableinWSection2.6 andSection2.8.4, twhile informationonHO5theOpenVMSHobbyist licensingprogramandon obtaining7Ohobbyistproduct distributionkitsisinSection2.8.1.*W~?v*?*P?#"$>O2.8B Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licenses?HOUThe followingsectionsdescribehobbyistand educationalGOlicense programs,aswellas informationon commercial#Olicensesand transfers. VHOFor informationonthe available commercialOpenVMSli-MOcensesandfor informationonlicense transfers,pleaseseeO5Section2.8.4.9A5OpenVMSHobbyistlicensesare discussedinOSection2.8.1.;=For informationonthe licensing implementa-NOtion,troubleshooting licensing problems,ontheLicenseUnitMO> RequirementsTable(LURT),andotherrelateddetails,please OseeSection5.39.6For configuringandtroubleshootingLMF, OseeSection12.5.*O?*OP?*Z?*? ! DO2.8.1B QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?KO4Ifyouareamemberofan HP-recognizedusergroup(eg:IO Encompass,Enterex,DECUS),andare considering acquiringLOandusingaVAX,Alphaor(soon)IA-64systemforhobby-NO=ist(non-commercial)use,(free)licenseproduct authorizationCOkeys(PAKs)forOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlpha,(soon)@OOpenVMSI64,andlayeredproductsare available.j @IOInadditiontothelicensekeys,OpenVMSVAXandAlphaHO distributionCD-ROM distributionkitsare availablewithAO5OpenVMS, DECwindowsMotif,DECnetandTCP/IPnet-KOworking, compilers,andavarietyoflayered products.+(AKOhobbyist distributionforOpenVMSI64is expected.))(WhileMO>thehobbyistCD-ROM distributionsareintendedforandtai-OOloredforOpenVMS Hobbyists,thecontentsand capabilitiesofKOtheHobbyist installationkitsincludedwithintheOpenVMSQOHHobbyist distributiondonotdifferfromthestandard distribu-QOtion installationkits.*TheproductsarechosentoreflecttheOOmostpopularproductsandthespace availableonthemedia.)0! TOIfyouhave questionsonwhatelseis authorizedbythelicenseJO agreementandonwhatother distributionmediaisavail-QO5abletoyou,well,pleasereadthe applicablesoftwarelicenseO agreement(s).a77OForfurther information,pleaselinkto:^4 `m)mhttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/y! OJOOntheOpenVMSHobbyistlicense registrationformattheQOabovewebsite(asofAugust2004),youareofferedthechoiceNO5ofthe ``OpenVMSVAX'' license(s),the ``OpenVMSAlpha''li-PO cense(s),andthe ``Layered Products'' licenses.'YouwillwantIOthe operatingsystemlicenseforyour particularOpenVMSO>platform >and@I>youwillwantthe ``Layered Products'' licenses.7OYouwillwanttoselectandtoacquire twoXsetsoflicenseOPAKs.! NOOForvendorswishingtolicenseproducts specificallyforhob-PObyistuse(andtonotissuehobbyistPAKs),theprogrampro-FO5vides hobbyistswiththelicensePAKOPENVMS-HOBBYIST. ! HOIfyouplantouseahardwareemulator(eg:,VAXemu-GOlator)ona MicrosoftWindows platform,makesureyouHO5haveanOpenVMS distributionkitthatcanbe installedMOand/orbootedwiththe particularemulatorpackageyouplanMOtouse.*For additional informationon emulators,pleaseseeO>Section13.14?4>and particularlypleaseseetheemulator-relatedOdocumentation.*O?TV*;O2.8.2BOpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?IO4For informationonOpenVMSlicensesfor educationalcus-IOtomers,pleaseseetheHPCampusSoftwareLicenseGrantBO(CSLG)licenseprogramandtheOpenVMS EducationalO=licenseprogram:Y/ `m$mhttp://www.openvmsedu.com/ cHO2.8.3BWhat developerandpartner licensingprogramsare<( available?JO Commercialsoftware developerscanjointheHPDSPPpro-IOgram,andcan (potentially)receive discountsonvariousNO=softwareproductlicensesandsoftwaredistributions,aswell&Oasonhardware purchases.Y/ `m$mhttp://www.hp.com/go/dspp/ IOTheDSPPprogramisthe descendentoftheDIGITALISVNCOandDIGITALASAPprogramsandtheCompaqCSApro-KO5gram,andthe analogous developerandpartnerprogramsat OHP.oOPleaseseeSection2.151for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?EOFor informationontheOpenbVMSHobbyistandOpenVMS6O Educationallicense programs,pleasesee Section2.8.1.* ?G HO2.8.4BHowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?IO4Totransfera commercialOpenVMSlicensefromoneownerKOtoanother,ortopurchasea commerciallicense,youcanAOcontactHPatregionalsalesofficeor reseller.fMOFor informationonthehobbyistlicenseprogram,pleaseseeOSection2.8.1.*O?}(%$& <GO2.10COpenVMSPorts?'Itanium?'PortstoIA-32,EM64Tor'(AMD64systems?MOOpenVMShasbeenportedtoandis operationalonfourar-LO chitectures:*VAX,Alpha,IA-64,andIA-32.)ThefirstthreeOO^have availablenativeportsofOpenVMS,thefourthisavail-IOablevia emulation..VAXistheoldest architecture,andROlimitedto32-bitvirtualandupto34-bitphysical addressing.MOhTheAlphaandIA-64 architecturesareboth64-bit architec-OOtures,with64-bitvirtual addressing available.(The availableEOIA-32 emulationisprovidedfortheOpenVMSVAXandHOrotherVAX operatingsystems,andprovidesa32-bitVAXIO environment.)For additional informationonthe emulation,O#pleasesee#Section13.14.*?O ~%IOAsfor(thelackof)anativeportforIA-32,OpenVMSJO Engineering presentlyand continuestobelievethatthereLO5wouldbe insufficientmarket(read:)profit,customerinter-ROest)tojustifythecostinvolvedinanativeportofOpenVMSLOtosystemsusingtheIntelIA-32 architecture.+InadditionPO>tothedirectcostsinvolvedinanyportandinadditiontoIOthe substantialeffortinvolvedinmoving backwardsfromJOa64-bit environmentonAlphaandonIA-64toa32-bitJOHplatform(suchasIA-32),andthe exceedingly non-trivialNOdevice qualificationcostsandthecostsinmoving backwardsIOintoolderPCIandI/O environments(IA-32systemsmoreOORthanafewyearsoldhave equivalentlyagedI/OsupportandHObuses),each organizationandeachperson maintainingaQOproductorapackageforOpenVMSwillhavetojustifyaportDO[to ``OpenVMSIA-32'', ``OpenVMSEM64T''or ``OpenVMSLOAMD64'',akintothe decisionsandtheeffortinvolvedinFO portingaproductfromOpenVMSVAXtoOpenVMSAlpha,&OetheporttoOpenVMSI64. tZOOPlatformportsofmanyofthevariousproductscanbeeasy,HOandmanyoftheportsof applicationsusing documentedKO5OpenVMSfeaturesareexpectedtorequirelittlemorethanHOasourcerebuild..OtherproductscananddodependonGOplatform-specificor undocumented features,andtheas-KO>sociatedportscanbemore involved.- Regardless,portsofMO operatingsystemsareverylargeandinvolved projects.)TheFO prerequisiteproduct requirementsforanOpenVMSoper-NOHatingsystemportarealso non-trivial,aswell-compilersinOO particularare obviously required,andthesuiteof compilersKOprovidedmustmaintainaveryhighdegreeof source-levelLOR compatibilityacrossthe platforms.,InthecaseoftheHPJO Integrityport,OpenVMSI64V8.0usedcross-compilersandKO cross-tools operatingonOpenVMSAlphasystems,whileV8.2BO[andlaterhavevariousnative compilers available.vaLIOTheOpenVMSI64portwas centrallybuiltusingtheex-EOistingOpenVMSAlpha environmentandaroundtheworkDO5andthe knowledgefromtheOpenVMSAlphaport,andDOOpenVMS Engineeringfullyexpectsthat customersandGOISVswilluseandwillcontinuetouseOpenVMSAlphaIO>systemstoassistwiththeirownportstoOpenVMSI64.IOOpenVMS Engineeringfullyexpectstosee customersusingNOmixed-architectureclustersandfullysharedfilesystems,asOHwell.! aDOOpenVMS EngineeringiswellawareoftheAMDAMD64SO(64-bit)platformand processors.'(Atleastoneofthe availableIO5VAX emulatorscan reportedlyutilizepartsoftheAMD64KO instructionset,pleasecontacttheVAXemulator vendor(s)QOor maintainer(s)for assistanceanddetailsontheir products.)LO>OpenVMS EngineeringisalsowellawareoftheIntelEM64T0Oplatformand processors.'Thereare ^no$planstoprovideana-MOtiveportofHPOpenVMSforanysystemsbasedontheAMD2OHAMD64norIntelEM64Tarchitectures.,! KOAspartoftheworkleadingtotheItaniumport,seniorNO engineershad extensively evaluatedtheproductsandthear-JO5 chitectures availableacrossthehigh-end64-bit computingNOspace,andchosentotargetItaniumfor64-bit environments-HOthiswhileundertheCompaq organization.+ThisincludedNO>lookingatIA-32.(HP(a co-developerofItaniumwithIntel)NOhad seperatelychosentotargetIntelItaniumforitshigh-GOendcomputer products.)Compaqthen announcedplansforKOHthefutureofAlphathrough EV7-seriesproductsandplat-HOforms,andHP (entirely seperately) announcedplansforGOPA-RISCproductsand platforms.)TheItaniumtargethasHORbeen maintained consistentlysincetheItaniumportwasKO announcedbyCompaq,andhasalsobeen consistentlymain-MOtainedbyHPandbythecombinedcompany.(ForthosefolksLO[ preferingtofollowthe schedulesandtheproductdeliver-DOies,OpenVMS EngineeringhadOpenVMSI64V8.0readyMO  (internally)aheadof schedule-andwithmorefeaturesavail-OOeablewithinthereleasethanhadbeen originallyplannedforOOtherelease.)(For informationonandfor schedulesoffutureLOOpenVMS releases,pleaseseetheroadmapthatis available%OoattheOpenVMS website.)! khROOpenVMSI64itselfdoesnotrequireanddoesnotplantouti-MOlizetheItaniumIA-3232-bit environmentforthe operationHO5ofOpenVMSitself.+OpenVMSI64V8.0andlaterrunna-POtivelyontheItanium processorfamily,withnouseofIA-32EO instructions.,WhileOpenVMScananddoessupport32-IO>bitOpenVMS applicationsand addressingonItanium,thisJOisdonewithsign-extension addressing techniquesentirelyMO analogoustowhatwasdonewith32-bit applicationsoperat-JOHinginthe64-bitAlpha environment.(BothOpenVMS32-bitOOand64-bit applicationsoperatewithinthenativeItaniumin-MO structionsetandrun-time environment,anddonotusethe&ORItaniumIA-32 environment.  /JOButyes,anativeIA-32portoranativeAMDAMD64orIOIntelEM64TportofOpenVMSwould certainlybenicetoLO5 have-this,ofcourse, followingthe traditionalLinuxpref-KOerenceforhavingaLinuxport availableformost(all?)IOcomputer architecturesknown,andevenforcertainhigh-JO>end refrigeratorsand toasters,andsimilarappliance-likeIOdevices.*(Thedownsideofthisall-encompassing approach:IOthisrequires near-infinite engineeringandsupportcostsNOHfromthevariousvendors involved,andthe qualificationef-JOfortsandcostsofmosteverything-everywhere.)OrreducedKOor eliminatedtestingandsupportefforts.,Oranunfortu-KORnate combinationofthesetwo.,Thesecostsarehuge,andLOthebenefitsderivedfromtheworkare comparativelysmallMOwhengiventhe comparablecostsofmoretargeted(andthusDO[ supportedand supportable)hardwareconfigurations-theOOplatformtargetsareandmustbe carefullyselectedandcon-DO sideredbyeachvendor.(Putanotherway,thereare  no plansLOetoprovideanativeportofHPOpenVMSforsystemsbasedJOonIntelIA-32 processors,norforsystemsbasedonAMDCOAMD64norIntelEM64T architecutresand processors.J!  LOAllthismaterialhavingbeenwritten,haveyoulookedatKOthesystemconfigurationsandpricingofthe availableHPGO5 IntegrityIntelItaniumsystems?)Low-endcomputerhard-KOwareisclearlya commodityproduct,andthesystemsareKOpriced, serviced, upgraded,andreplaced accordingly.+IntelHO>Itaniumisa commoditymicroprocessor presentlyusedinLO platforms availablefromvarioushardwarevendors, includingJO (obviously)fromHP.Further,ItaniumisamicroprocessorMOH availablefromand supportedbyIntel,a semiconductorven-COdorknownfor exceedingly high-volumemicroprocessor>O fabricationprocessand production capabilities. NFOFor informationon supported platformsand processors,JOpleaseseetheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) O5at:b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.YOPleaseseeSection14.4.5+forIntelItanium terminology.*F?' &)#8O2.12CWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?GOUFor informationon supported platforms,pleaseseetheHOOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthepar-2OticularOpenVMSversionof interest.b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.f <IOForatableoftheminimumand(as applicable)maximumLOOpenVMSversionsrequiredforvarious platforms,pleaseseeFO5thehardwaresupportchartatHPOpenVMSwebsiteandRO(as available)the following (potentially volatile;intra-website)Olink:uk K `m@m6http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/hw_supportchart.html NJOFor informationontheMultia,relatedAlpha single-boardOO computers,orother officially unsupportedsystems,pleaseseeO5Section14.4.1 H5and5Section 14.4.2.1.*O?v*?5 JOThe followingisa rule-of-thumbforAlphaplatformsup-Oport.,ThetableTable2-5*containstheearliestOpenVMSNO5Alphareleasewithsupportfora particularseriesofAlphaOmicroprocessors:*d?UGOSpecifichardwarepresentandvarioussystem configura-KOtionscanrequireOpenVMSAlphareleaseslaterthanthoseO< referencedinC<Table2-5.*Ca?,+-#:O2.16Cmemory management,resource management,$'#process scheduling,etc?NOSoyouhavebeen instructedtowriteaschoolresearchpa-HOperonOpenVMS,andyouneed technicalcontentontheBOYOpenVMSVirtualMemorySystem,onanymemoryseg-AO mentation,onOpenVMSResource Management,ontheJO OpenVMSFileSystem,ontheOpenVMSuser interface,etc.=LO Invariably,yourprofessor/instructor/teacherwillaskyouaLOseriesof questions.+Most commonly,the questionswillre-QO5quest descriptionsofoneormoreofthe followingitems,and*Oatvaryinglevelsofdetail: `m+mprocess scheduling algorithm(s) `% Interprocess comunications `l:lProcessorsystemsynchronization constructs `=Memory managementand/orvirtualmemoryimple-D mentation `(RMSorXQPfile structures `BBResource management `"HistoryofHPOpenVMS `A=AHistory of Compaq and/or ofDigital Equipment Corporation(DEC) aKOAny particular presentationorresearchpaper,andpartic-JOularlya scholastic presentation,canhavemany differentKO5 potentialtarget audiences,andvery different presentationJOlevels.,Further,theusual underlyingreasonforscholas-NOtic presentationsand scholasticresearchprojectsreallyhasYO>littletodowiththesubjectmatter,itisatask specificallyin-OOtendedtoteachthe student(s)(eg:)you)howtoperformtheOO research.)The instructoralreadyknowsmostof(allof?)(theAOH informationthatyouhavebeenaskedtocollect.! rJOForvery technicaldetailsonOpenVMSandOpenVMSinter-POnals,thebookyouwantisthe InternalsandData StructuresKO5Manual(IDSM), availableinyourschoolor computingcen-NOterlibrary,andtheIDSMcanalsobe purchased.( AdditionalLO technicaldetailsoftheAlphamicroprocessorare availableHO>intheAlpha Architecture ReferenceManual documentationNOthatis availablefor download.* (PointerstoAlpha technical+O documentationare availableinSection14.6,and elsewhere.)*?ULOFor higher-level(less technical)details,theOpenVMSdoc-DO umentationsetis availableon-line..The ProgrammingMO5ConceptsandtheFileSystemsmanualareprobablythebestNOmanualstostartwith, dependingonthe particularlevelof*Odetailtheresearch requires.mPOAndplease understandthe hesitationofvariousfolkstopro-LOvideyouwithacompletely-writtenresearchreportonyourHO5topic.,Why?-WemighthavetoworkwithyouafteryouJO graduate-youneedtoknowhowtoperformatleastbasic?Oresearchonyourown, regardlessofthetopic./ .0 IO3.1BWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMSmanuals?DOUTheHPOpenVMSandHPLayeredProduct documentation$Ois copyrighted material.HOHTMLformaton-lineproduct documentationsetsforspe-FOcificHPOpenVMSproductsare presently availableat:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/ WGO Documentationisofferedon separately orderableCD-ROMIOmediathrougha subscriptiontothe ConsolidatedOn-Line0O5 Documentation(ConOLD)product(see5Section2.6.)5ConOLDGOmanualsarereadablewithBNU,aviewerthatissup-KOpliedwiththe documentation distribution.(BNUcandisplayEO>HTML, Bookreader,and documentationinotherformats.*|?v&COMGBOOK,aviewerforBookreader-format documentationOOis availableforcharacter-cell terminals(eg.(VTxxx)viatheresource-intensivewhencomparedtotheXPDFviewer.*?=<>b"w8=O3.10CAccesstotheOpenVMSNetscape Navigator'(documentation?HOThe documentationURLsembeddedintothebrowseritselfPOmaynotoperate correctlyinallcases,and(forreasonsnotKO^worthyof repeatinghere) redirectsmaynotbe available.h#>>OYoucanmanuallyaccessthe documentationvia:n$D `m9m/http://www.openvms.compaq.com:88/netscape/help/%`HOFor informationontheMozillawebbrowser,pleaseseeOSection13.4.*%O?Q>=?&)FO3.11CWherecanIfindthelatestCrun-timelibrary'(manuals?IOTheCrun-timelibrary(RTL) reference documentationhasJObeenmovedfromtheClanguage documentationsettotheGO^OpenVMS documentationset.*ForthemostrecentversionHOoftheCRTL documentationandtheOpenVMSstandardC7Olibrary,pleaseseetheOpenVMSmanuals.'aIOInadditiontothe user-modeCRTL,thereisasecondGO kernel-modeRTL accessabletodriversonOpenVMSAlphaNO5andOpenVMSI64.(FordetailsonthissecondlibraryandonNOthe duplicatesymbolerrorsthatcanbe triggeredwhenthisJOlibraryis referencedduringanincorrectly-specifiedLINKO>command,pleaseseeV>Section10.22.1. >Forgeneralinforma-OOtiononthiskernelRTL,seetheDigitalPressbookWritingKOOpenVMSDeviceDriversinC.Fordetails,pleaseseethe>OH associatedOpenVMSsourcelistings distribution.*'V ?Q`(6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/AA1@BQ AO4.2BKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?JOUTohelpkeepmoreaccuratesystemtimeortokeepyourHOsystemclocks synchronized,TCP/IPServicesNTP,DECnet-FOPlusDTSS (sometimesknownas DECdtss),DCEDTS,andMO^other techniquesarecommonlyused.)Ifyoudonotorcan-POnothaveIPaccesstooneofthe available time-baseserversROonthe Internet,thenyoucouldusedial-upaccesstoNISTorSOhother authoritativesite,oryoucanuseadirect connectionto'Oalocal authorativeclock.&R OOThereexistscodearoundthat processesthedigital(ie:+bi-MOnary)formattimethatis availableviaamodemcallintoIO5theNISTclock(the AutomatedComputer TelephoneServicePO(ACTS) service),andcodethatgrabsthetimeoffaGPSre-QOceiverdigitallink,orareceiver (effectivelyaradioandaLO>codec)that processesthetimesignalsfromradiostations*OWWV,WWVH,WWVB,orsimilar.S LO Processingtheserialorhardwaretime protocolsoftenin-HOvolveslittlemorethanreadingfromanEIA232(RS232)QO5seriallinefromthe receiver, somethingthatispossiblefromIOmostany language.+ Informationon correctlydriftingtheEOOpenVMSsystemclocktomatchthe time-basetimeisNO> availablewithinthelogicofatleastoneOpenVMSFreewareOpackage.hT! >IOOneexampleofacquringa time-basethroughlocalinte-LOgratedhardwareinvolvestheIRIGtimeformat(IRIG-A,-B,MO5-G),abinarysignal containingthecurrenttimeinhours,ROminutes,secondsanddayssincethestartofthecurrentyear.QOIRIGcanalsocontainthetimeofdayasthenumberofsec-GO>ondssince midnight.*HPCustomSystemsand third-partyIOvendorshave variouslyoffered IRIG-basedreader/generator)OmodulesforOpenVMSsystems.U! ktJOOneoftheeasiest approachesisa network-basedGPSorMOothersimilar receiver., Basically,thisisanetworkserverKO5boxthatprovidesanNTPserverwiththe necessaryhard-OOwareforexternalsynchronization.&InadditiontotheantennaJOandthereceiverand processing components,thesedevicesKO>provideanetwork interface(NIC)andsupportforanNTPHOtimeserver,and applications includingtheNTPsupportIOwithinTCP/IPServicesandwithinvarious third-partyIPPOHstackscanthenbeusedto synchronizewiththetheNTPin-IO formationprovidedby time-base receivers.,NootherhostOOsoftwareis required,andnohost configurationstepsandno5ORhostsoftwarebeyondNTPare required.V kHO Differingtimeservers (DECnet-PlusDTSS,DCEDTS,NTP,UOetc)donotcoexist particularlywell, particularlyifyoutrytoQO5useallthesetogetheronthesamenode.(PleasepickanduseNOjustone.((Ifneeded,youcan sometimes configureonepack-MOagetoacquireitstimebasefromanother protocol,butoneNO>andonlyonetimeserverpackageshouldhavedirectcontrolKOoverthe managementofanddriftingofthelocalOpenVMSHOsystemtime.-Inthespecificcaseof DECnet-PlusDTSS,OOHolderproductversionsandversionsV7.3andlaterprovideaNOprovidermodule,amodulewhichpermitsDTSStoacquireitsOOtimefromNTP.Fordetailsonthis,pleaseseethecomments0ORinthemoduleDTSS$NTP_PROVIDER.C.)RW (KOUnlike DECnet-Plus,TCP/IPServicesNTPisnotcapableofMO connectingtoa time-baseotherthanthenetworktimebaseMO5orthelocalsystemclock.( Third-partyandopensourceNTPCOimplementationsare availableforOpenVMS,aswell.AXOUsefulURLs: Y `m>m4http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/nts.htm `?5http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/acts.htm `l/l%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `http://www.time.gov/yZ VOAO4.2.1BWhydomyclusterbatchjobsstartearly?IO4Yoursystemtimeisskewedacrossyourclustermembers,GOandtheclustermember performingthequeue managementSOtaskshasasystemtimesetlaterthanthesystemtimeofthe+O=memberrunningthebatchjob.[f WROThis behaviourismost noticablewhenusingSUBMIT/AFTER=TOMORROWMOandsimilar constructs,anduseof/AFTER="TOMMOROW+00:01:00"MO5orsuchisoften recommendedasawaytoavoidthis.*TheLO combinationtimevalue specifiedshouldbelargerthantheGOmaximumexpectedtimeskew.*Intheexampleshown,theGO>maximumclusterclockskewisassumedlessthan1:00.\NMOYoucanalsomaintainyoursystemtimesinbettersynchro-:O nization,with availabletools describedin"Section4.2 andO5 elsewhere.*\"~?QR] `(=O4.2.2BWhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?GO4Memoryerrors,hardware problems,ormostanythingop-OOeratingatoraboveIPL22orIPL24(clockIPLissystemMOfamily dependent;code executingatorabovetheclockIPLPO=willblockthe processingofclock interrupts),cancausetheROlossofsystemtime.'ClockdriftcanalsobecausedbynormalOO (thermal)clock variationsandevenbytheexpectedlevelofOGclockdrift.L^ "QOWhenclock interruptsareblockedasaresultoftheactivityMOofhigh-IPL code-suchas extensivedriver interruptactivityLO5orahardwareerrorora correctable(soft)memoryerror-VOtheclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimevaluereportedtotheJOuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.' CorrectablememoryOO>errorscanbeacommoncauseofsystemtimeloss,inotherIOwords.'HeavyPCIbustrafficcanalsocauselosttime._! WQOOnebuginthisareainvolvedthe behaviourofcertaingraph-IOics controllers includingtheELSAGLoriaSynergyPBXGK-LO5BB;the PowerStorm3D10T effectivelystallingthePCIbus. OSeeSection5.16<fordetailsontheELSAGLoriaSynergycon-IOtroller,andmakecertainyouhavethecurrentGRAPHICSO>ECOkit installed.*_P?M` {TOClockdriftcanalsobe(deliberately)causedbytheactivityof'OtheDTSSorNTP packages.ajOAlsosee}Section14.8,LSection14.15, EandSection4.2.4.*a}F?*aLF?*aF?fb! ?O4.2.3B Resettingthesystemtimeintothepast?EO4Youcan resynchronizesystemtimeusingDCLcommandsBOsuchasSETTIMEandSET TIME/CLUSTER,buttheseJOcommandscanand obviouslywillcausethecurrentsystemQO=timetobeset backwardswhenthe specifiedtimepredatestheMOcurrentsystemtime.'Thistime-resetting operationcancauseKO application problems,andcan adverselyeffect applicationsLOGusingabsolutetimers, applicationsthatassumetimevaluesOOwillalwaysbeuniqueand ascendingvalues,and applications.cWLOSettingthetime backwardsbyvaluesofevenanhourhasEOcausedvariousrun-timeproblemsfor applicationsandKO5layered products.,Forthisreason,this techniquewasnotLO considered supportedduringtheYear2000(Y2K)testing;aJOsystemorclusterrebootwasstrongly recommendedasthe5O>correctmeanstoavoidthese problems.|d kRHO Application programmersare encouragedtousethetime-LOrelatedand TDF-relatedeventsthatare availablewiththeGO5$set_system_eventsystemservice,and/ortouseUTCorKOsimilartime,asthese techniquescanpermittheapplica-OOtiontobettersurvive retrogradeclockevents.+(ThereisanMO>ECOtorepairproblemsseeninthe DECnet-PlussupportforLO generatingTDFeventsfromDTSS,andthisappliestoV7.3QO (expectedtobeinECO4andlater)V7.3-1 (expectedtobeinJOHECO3andlater)andV7.3-2 (expectedtobeinECO1andIOlater).+Applythemostcurrent DECnet-PlusECOkitsforIOtheseOpenVMS releases,forbestTDFeventsupportfromOR DECnet-Plus.)ueK OSeeSection4.2.4 andLSection4.2.1.*eF?f*eLF?Z$f! @O4.2.4BHowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?FO4WithDECdtsandTCP/IPServicesNTP,thesystemtimeQOvalueis "drifted"(ratherthan changed),toavoidtheobviousMOproblemsthatwouldarisewith "negativetime changes".'TheSO=samebasicclockdrifting techniqueisusedbymost(all?)&timeJOservers operatingonOpenVMS, typicallyusingthesupport9OforthisprovideddirectlywithinOpenVMS.g! NGOAnexampleofthe techniqueused(onOpenVMSVAX)toMOdriftthesystemtimeistheSETCLOCKtoolontheOpenVMSO5 Freeware.hDOFor informationontheuseoftheEXE$GL_TIMEADJUSTAOandEXE$GL_TICKLENGTHcellsonOpenVMSAlpha,see7O5OpenVMSAXPInternalandData Structures5,locatedonOpage348.i\LOForthoseareaswhichswitchbetweendaylightsavingstime;O(DST)andstandardtime,thetimevalueis rnotdrifted.)TheMO5timeisadjustedbytheentire interval.,This procedureisKOinherentinthe definitionoftheswitchbetweenDSTandOstandardtime.ujK OSeeSection4.2.4 andLSection4.2.3.*jF?f*jLF?b=k VKO4.2.5BHowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatime<( provider?NOAnNTPtimeproviderprovidesitsideaofthecurrenttimeMOtoNTPclientsviatheNTP protocol.(MostsystemsareNTPO=clients,but...@l! IONTPhasa heirarchyoflayers,calledstrata..Thefur-KOtherawayfromtheactualNTPtimesource (InternettimeTO5serversareatstratum1),thelowerthestrata(andthelarger.Othenumberassignedthestatum).;mJONTP explicity configuredatstratumoneprovidestimetoJONTP operatingatlowerstrata,andtheprovidedtimeisPO5acquiredbasedonthelocalsystemtimeorviasomelocally--O accessibleexternaltimesource.Mn#LONTPatother(lower)stratabothreceivetimefromhigherLOstrataandcanprovidetimetolowerstrata,andautomat-OO5icallyadjustthelocalstratum.*Thehigheststratumisone,othersimilar time-related peripheral),youcan configureSONTPtousethesystemclockasits referencesource.&ThiswillLOmimicthe master-clockfunctionality,andwillconfigreNTPPOHasastratum1timeserver.+Todothis,enterthe following'OcommandsinTCPIP$NTP.CONF:%O%server% 127.127.1.0%prefer(Omfudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&0qEOFor local-masterfunctionality,thecommandsareveryO similiar.'Use:Oaserver% 127.127.1.0(Ofudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&8^r 4KOThe differencebetweenthesetwoisthestratum,andtheMOomissionofthepreferkeyword.' SpecifyingahigherstratumRO5allowsthenodetoactasabackupNTPserver,or potentiallyNOasthesoletimeserveronanisolatednetwork.+TheserverLOwillbecomeactiveonlywhenallothernormal synchroniza-OO>tionsourcesare unavailable.(Theuseof"prefer"causesNTPPOtoalwaysusethe specifiedclockasthetimesynchronizationOsource.s! KOWiththeTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0,theNTPMO managementisrathermore primitive.'To configurethelocalJO5OpenVMSsystemfromanNTPclienttoanNTPserver(onROTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0),addthe followingline SAVINGS.COMinV7.3,pleaseobtainthe availableECOkit.)vhFOForcurrentTCP/IPServicesandrelatedOpenVMSdocu-"O mentation,pleasesee:`w6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/4<B0ACx FO4.3BManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,andDaylight(Savings?invokethe followingcommand procedures:{ `m2m!SYS$MANAGER:UTC$CONFIGURE_TDF.COM!donotdirectlyuse `E3E"SYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIMEZONE_SETUP.COM!donotdirectlyuse|! WKOTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlaterusetheOpenVMSTDF,UTC,IOandtimezonesupport.)EarlierversionsuseaTDFmecha-LO5nismandtimezonedatabasethatisinternaltotheTCP/IPOOServicespackage.'Alsoontheearlier versions,theTDFmustKObemanually configuredwithinTCP/IP Services,inaddition8O>totheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.O}%EO DECnet-PlusinV7.3andlaterusestheOpenVMSTDF,EOUTC,andtimezonesupport,anddisplaysitstimezonepackage.*Alsoonearlier versions,theTDFmustbeconfig-IOuredwithinthe DECnet-PlusDECdtsspackage,inaddition8OtotheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.?~ JO ApplicationcodeusingHPC (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyEODECC)willusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDF mechanismsIO5whentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSV7.0andlaterDO(andwhenthemacro_VMS_V6_SOURCEisNOT defined).COHPCdoesNOTusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDFmech-IO>anismswhentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSreleasesKOpriortoV7.0,orwhenthe preprocessor declaration_VMS_"O V6_SOURCEis declared.P&&ODCEDTSTDFdetailsTDB. ! KOInOpenVMSAlphaV6releases(V6.1,V6.2, V6.2-1Hx,etc),EOtheTDFvalueiswrittentoSYS$BASE_IMAGE.EXE.WithCO5OpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlaterandwithOpenVMSVAX>OV6.0andlater,SYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE.DATcon-LOtainstheTDF.ThismeansthatOpenVMSAlphasystemswillJO>needtohavetheTDFvalueresetmanually-usuallywithin9OSYSTARTUP_VMS.COM-onrebootspriortoV7.0.@! tBODuringOpenVMS Bootstrap,theSYSINITmodulereadsJOSYS$TIMEZONE.DATtoacquiretheTDFforuseinthesys-JO5temglobalcell EXE$GQ_TDF.ThisisdonetoensurethatLOthesystembootswithavalidTDF(avaluewhichmaybeNOzero).)TheUTCsystemservicesgettheTDFfromthiscell.PO>These services,aswellastheHPCRTL,musthaveavalidGOTDF.(PriortoOpenVMSV7.3,ifeither DECnet-PlusorGO DECnet/VAX Extensionsis configuredandrun,theimage@OHDTSS$SET_TIMEZONE.EXEisinvokedandcanoverrideJOtheTDFandtimezonerulesettingsfromSYSINITorfrom@OUTC$TIME_SETUP.COM-thisimagerunsevenifDTSSRORis disabled.)Ifthesettingsdonotmatch(dueto inconsisten-COciesintimezone specificationinUTC$TIME_SETUP.COMFOandNET$CONFIGURE.COM),DTSSwillresetthevaluesto#O[matchits definitions.) HOPriortoOpenVMSV7.3,daylightsavingstime switchoverGOishandled automaticallyonlywhenDCEDTSorDECnet-KO5PlusDTSSisinuse.*InV7.3,OpenVMScanbe configuredLOto automaticallyswitchovertodaylightsavingstime,andROalso generatesaneventthat interested applicationscanusetoJO>detectthe switch-overbetweenstandardtimeanddaylightOtime.^aCOThemanual switchoverbetweendaylightsavingstimeDOand standardtime is correctly accomplishedvia the4O5!SYS$EXAMPLES:DAYLIGHT_SAVINGS.COMcommandO procedure procedure. _UNote _NTP(alone)does cNOT%*provide automaticswitch-over. : _UNote _%GTheDST switch-overdoes GNOT"oGdriftthetimevalue;Jthe switch-overappliestheentire differenceasaunit,4asisstandardandexpected practice. Bm! COOIfyouswitchtheTDFordaylightsavingstimesetting,youMOwillalsowanttorestartor reconfigureanytime-sensitiveKO5 applications(thosenotusingthetime differentialfactorOO(TDF)changeevent availableinV7.3andlater).'ExamplesofPOthese applicationsincludetheneedtorestarttheNFSclientSO>and(yes)NTP.(NTPwillwanttotryto"drift"thetime(seeOSection4.2),@andwillfindthedaylightsavingstimeswitch-QOovertobefartoolargeto"drift".+HencetheNTP restart.)LOHYoucanalsousethe(undocumented)TCP/IPServices(priorOtoV5.0) commands:?O%SET%TIME/DIFF=[positive%or%negative%TDF%integer]OmGENERATE%TIME*OZ}?QkAAOtoresetthevalueofthelogicalnameUCX$TDF.iy)OPriortoV7.3,thecommand:6O$&SETTZ&:==%$SYS$SYSTEM:DTSS$SET_TIMEZONEOP$&SETTZ&MODIFY! JOcanbeusedtomodifythesettingsofthe SYS$TIMEZONE_6ODAYLIGHT_SAVING,SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL,CO5andSYS$TIMEZONE_NAMEsystemlogicalnamesbasedon!OtheSYS$TIMEZONE_RULE. AOThe following are other TDF-related logicalnamesHOused/availableonOpenVMSsystems,withtypicalDaylightMO5SavingsandStandardSettingsfortheUSEasternTime(ET)O timezone.O$daylight_time:8OZ$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%EDTBO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0400%EDT"VO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%trueK!&Not%'EDT'EO2$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant Oz$O$standard_time:8O $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%ESTBOR$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0500%EST"WO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%false%!&Not%'EST'EO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant O)$BOq$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&UCX$NFS_TIME_DIFFERENTIAL%-I'f$integer(f$element(0,"&%",f$logical("notes$timezone"))/-100)'WEOOneissuewiththeUTCimplementationonOpenVMSisKOthe behaviourofC functionsandotherprogramsthatuse:O5SYS$TIMEZONE_RULE;theOpenVMS mechanismas-LOsumesallcontroloverthetimezoneandthedaylighttimeKO switchover.-Thisallows calculationofthetimebytheC.O>libraryandvarious applications. sMOThiscanbe incompatiblewithasystemor applicationthatKOrequiresmanual modificationstotheDSTorTDF settings.SO5Forsuchasitetoensurethe timekeepingiscorrect,thesiteOOmustprovide procedurethatsetsthelocaltimeandtheTDF9OwhentheSYS$TIMEZONE_RULEsaystodoit.  NQOIfasiterequiresa non-standardtime switch-over,asinco-RO ordinatingwithashiftchange,thesitewillneedtousethe>O5ZICutilitytocreateacustomtimezonerule.! WLO Additionally, applicationsmayneedtohavespecialactionsQOtakenoractionsqueuedjustbeforethetimechangetakesef-WO5fect.'Ifthe applicationsourcecodeis available,oneofthebestPOwaystohandlethisisviatheTDFand time-change notifica-JOtionevents availableviatheOpenVMSsys$set_system_eventO>systemservice.WJOFor informationonZICandrelatedtoolsusedtomanageEOtheOpenVMSTimezone database,pleaseseetheDECCEO5Run-timeLibrary Utilities Reference Manual-thoughtheQOtitlewouldimply otherwise,this particularmanualispartofKOtheOpenVMS documentationset,andnotpartoftheHPCGO> (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyDECC) documentationset.*CO4.3.1BHowto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?IO4ThisisanOpenVMSAlphasystempriortoV7.0andthe5Ostartupisnotinvokingthe procedure:(OSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COM{OOThisisanOpenVMSsystempriortoV6.0,wherethereisno,OOpenVMSTDFnorUTC available.! {JOTheversionofthe applicationdoesnotusetheOpenVMSPOTDF.ThisincludesTCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0, applicationsPO5usingHPCbuiltonor targetingOpenVMSpriortoV7.0,andGOsystemsusingthe DECnet-PlusDTSS mechanismspriortoJOtherelease associatedwithOpenVMSV7.3.'(DCETDFTBD.)KOIfyoushouldfindeitherofthe followingtwo timezone-GOrelateddatabasefileslocatedinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]:x `m/m%SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE.DAT `3)SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE_SRC.DATzLOThesetwofilesareinan erroneouslocationandmustbe1O recreatedinthecorrect directory:OaSYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]~!T OIftheDCLcommand:4O$& DIRECTORY%SYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE*.DATNGOshowsthesefilesinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE],thendelete8OthemanduseSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COMO5torecreatethem.!nAOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.3,ifthefile:-O$& SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COM!KOispresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoinvoke:7O$&*@SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COM] NOOtorecreatethetimezonefiles correctly.&InvokethiscommandBO immediatelyafter [re]executingSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_O5 SETUP.COM.)>. 7OIf)SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COMPOisnotpresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoexecute#O5the following commands:5O$&DELETE% SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COM5O$&DEASSIGN/SYSTEM/EXEC&SYS$TIMEZONE_RULE.NNOIfyoursystemtimeisbeingreportedasbeingoffbyoneOOhour(orwhateverthelocalDSTchange),pleaseseesectionsO5Section4.6,5Section4.3 5and&5Section10.22.1.*O|?*|?x*& ?Q=O4.3.2B CustomizingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?LO4 Individual,local,andregional differencesontheuse(orMOthelackofuse)ofDaylightSavingsTime(DST)arequiteOcommon.. ROIfyouneedtoadd(orremove)daylightsavingstimeforyourTOareaor otherwisealtertherulesforyourlocalarea,youwillOO5probablyendupcreatinga variationtoanexistingtimezoneOrule." GOThe necessaryzonelinetoaddfor WhereEverLandwill0Oprobablylook somethinglikethis:Oa#&ZoneKNAME-aGMTOFFK RULES/SAVEFORMATK[UNTIL]OZone WhereEver2:00-O WhereEver!xFOTheOpenVMSsourcefileforthetimezoneruleshere:2O(SYS$COMMON:[SYS$ZONEINFO.SYSTEM.SOURCES]`LOYou'llthenwanttoZICthistocreateyourowntimezoneO definiton.8HOZICis documentedintheOpenVMS DocumentationSet,inEOtheHPCRun-TimeLibrary ReferenceManual.+(DespiteLO5thenameofthemanual,itispartoftheOpenVMSdocu-5O mentationsetandnottheC manuals.)t JOOOnceyouhavecreatedthenewrule,useSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_KO SETUP.COMtoselectthenew timezone-withV7.3andlater,WO5thistoolwillnoticethenewtimezoneandwillofferit,onear-NOlier releases,youmay/willhavetohackthetool somewhat.MO(Don'teventhinkoftryingtodefinetheTZlogicalnameEO>(foundonolderconfigurations),orthe SYS$TIMEZONE_KONAMElogicalname,oranyothertime-ortimezone-related.Ologicalnamesdirectly yourself.)NOForvarioustimezonerules,seethetar.gzfiles(theseare1Ogzippedtar archives) availableat:[1 `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ E DF! HO4.6BUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatarethese( acronyms?FOTheresultsofan internationalcompromise-thoughsomeJOwouldsayan internationalattempttoincrease confusion-MO^UTCisreferedtoas ``Coordinated UniversalTime''(thoughNOnotasCUT)inEnglishandas``Temps Universel Coordinn''HO(thoughnotasTUC)inFrench.+(No particularinforma-NOhtionexiststoexplainwhyUTCwaschosenovertheequallyFO nonsensicalTCU, accordingtoUlyssesT. Clockmeister,NOoneofthe diplomatsthathelped establishthe internationalOr compromise.)9LO UniversalTimeUT0issolartime,UT1issolartimecor-MOrectedforawobbleintheEarth'sorbit,andUT2isUT1QO5 correctedforseasonal rotational variationsinrotationdueto%OtheEarth'ssolarorbit. @O GMT-GreenwichMeanTime-isUT1.,GMTisthetimeLOattheclassicsiteofthesince-disbandedRoyal GreenwichLO5 Observatory;atthemost widely-knowntourist attractionofO Greenwich,England.Z 0LOUTCisbasedonanaverageacrossmultipleatomicclocks,POandiskeptwithin0.9secondsofGMT,throughthe insertionKO5(orremoval)ofseconds.'Inotherwords,UTCmatchesGMTIOplusorminusupto0.9seconds,butUTCisnotGMT. ]POTDFistheTimezone DifferentialFactor,theintervaloftimeLObetweenthelocaltimeandUTC.Areasthat celebrateday-QO5lightsavingstime(DST)willseeperiodicchangestotheTDFJOvalue,whenthe switch-overbetweendaylightsavingstimeNOandstandardtimeoccurs.)The switch-overitselfisentirelyOO>lefttolocal governmentalfolks,andcanandhasvariedbyOO politicalentityand politics,andthe switch-overhasvaried:Oovertheyearsevenatthesame location.{ QMOIfyourlocalOpenVMSsystemtimeisoffbyonehour(orJOwhateverthelocalDSTchange)forsomeorallapplica-RO5tions,youprobablyneedtoresetyourlocalTDF.(Forrelated)Odetails,pleaseseesectionsSection4.3 and)Section 10.22.1.)*P|?x*)P ?Q WGOFurther discussionsofhistoryand politics,!theRoyalJO Observers' outbuildings,andthe compromisethatlefttheIO5EnglishwiththeTimeStandard(thePrime Meridian)andMOtheFrenchwiththe standardsforDistanceandWeight(theQOMetricSystem)arelefttoothersources.'Someoftheseother1O>sourcesincludethe followingURLs: `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ `7-http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html `llhttp://nist.time.gov//L&KM[ 1V,WOnAlpha:b&-flags%e,1LWOnIA-64,youcan establishabootaliasfora conversa-/tional bootstrap,as discussedin@Section 14.3.5.1.*@s?9! H IWIfyoursystemhasahardwarepassword(varioussystemsHsupportapasswordthatprevents unauthorizedaccesstoIthe console),youwillneedtoknowtheispasswordandHawillneedtoenteritusingtheLOGINcommandattheLconsole.'Ifyougetan"InvCmd"errortryingtoperformLaconversational bootstrap,andyoudonothavethehard-EkwareconsolepasswordfortheconsoleLOGINcommand,Hyouare stuck-youwillneedtocallforhardwareser-Lviceinordertoresetthehardwareconsole password.'TheGtsyntaxusedfortheconsolepassword mechanismvaries.EO3.JOnceattheSYSBOOTprompt,requestthatOpenVMSCLreadthesystemstartupcommandsdirectlyfromtheIsystemconsole,thatthewindowsystem(ifany)notbeFstarted,andthatOpenVMSnotrecordthese particular?V parameterchangesfor subsequentsystemreboots: SET/STARTUP%OPA0:#SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%0 jSET%WRITESYSPARAMS%0CONTINUEQO24.JAtthe$prompt,thesystemwillnowbe acceptingstartupGcommandsdirectlyfromtheconsole.(Typethe followingtwoDCL commands:h$&SPAWN $&@SYS$SYSTEM:STARTUPGO/ 5.JYoushouldnowseethedollar($)promptofDCL.y OFWTheresultofthesetwocommandswillbethenormalOsystemstartup,butyouwillbeleftloggedinonthecon-Isole,runningunderafully privileged username.'WithoutDatheuseoftheSPAWNcommand,youwouldbelogged-outwhenthestartup completes., DWPerformthetask(s) required,suchas resettingthe@passwordontheSYSTEMusernameas describedinSection5.6.1:or registeringoneormorelicenseproduct8a authorizationkeys(PAKs)as describedinaSection5.6.2.RO6.JOnceyoulogoutofthissession,thesystemwillcompleteK9thestartupandcanbeused normally.'Youcanchooseto>rebootthesystem,butthatisnot necessary.*?*$?FOSomesystemmanagerswillsuggestamethodusingthe thorizationdatabase(SYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT)FO configuredonthesystem.-WithasystemmanagerthatCOhas configuredan alternate SYSUAFALT.DATfile,theCOH UAFALTERNATEmethodwill fail-well,assumingyoudoGOnotknowthepasswordofa privilegedusernamestored-OwithinSYSUAFALT.DAT,ofcourse.i ?COThe UAFALTERNATEsystem parameterisusedtotrig-KOgerwhatis sometimesknownastheconsole backdoor.)TheKO5OPA0:,systemconsoleiscriticaltosystem operationsandHOsystem security,andwillallowaccesswhentheSYSUAFJOsystem authorizationdatabaseis unavailableor corrupted,LO>whencoreproductlicensePAKsarenot registered,expiredOOordisabled (NOLICENSEerrors),orinvariousothercasesofVOsystem failures.)Allthisisinadditiontotheroleofthecon-POHsoleinthedisplayofcertainsystem-criticalevent messages.OOAccesstotheOPA0:*consolehasasecurityexposurethatisDO equivalenttodirectaccesstothesystem hardware.p kFHOWhenLOGINOUTdetectsanerror(suchasaSYSUAFcor-LOruption,byamissingSYSUAF,missingproduct licenses,orMO5other trigger),itwillpreventaccesstotheOpenVMSsys-NOtemfromall terminalsexceptthesystemconsole.'TheOPA0:POsystemconsolewillbeallowedaccess,andthe resultingpro-JO>cesswillbefully privileged.( Resettingthe UAFALTERNATEGOsystem parameter-intheabsenceofan alternateSYSUAFJOsystem authorization database-willcausetheconsoleback-IOHdoortobeopenedsimplybecauseLOGINOUTcannotlocate=OSYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT.Whenthe authorizationNOdatabasecannotbelocated,accesswillbegrantedfromtheORconsoleonly.iGOForfurther informationon emergencystartupandshut-MOdown,aswellasfortheofficialOpenVMS documentationonHO5howtochangetheSYSTEMpasswordfromtheconsolein*Oan emergency,pleaseseethe$}OpenVMSSystem Manager'sOManual/intheOpenVMS documentationset.1 AOFor informationandrecommendationsonsettingupGOOpenVMSsystem security,pleaseseetheNCSCClassC2JO5appendixoftheGuidetoOpenVMSSystemSecuritymanual,5OalsointheOpenVMS documentationset.|RHOYoucanalsousetheconversational bootstrap techniqueKOshownearlier(thestepsuntil SET/STARTUP)toaltervar-IO5ioussystem parameters,aswell.*AttheSYSBOOTprompt,3Oyoucanenternew parametersvalues:OSHOW& MAXPROCESSCNTOZSET%.%64OCONTINUEOOThe"."isa shorthandnotationusedforthelast parameter1OexaminedwithinSYSGENandSYSBOOT.| dRHO5.6.1BI've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanI <(do?NOIfyouhave forgottenordonothavethepasswordfortheDOSYSTEM username,youmustperformtheconversational&O= bootstrapas describedin=Section5.6,=andmustentertheIO followingcommandsonceyouhavereachedthedollar($)Oprompt:ROs$&SET%DEFAULT& SYS$SYSTEM:K!&or&wherever&your% SYSUAF.DAT%resides&O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE/OMODIFY%SYSTEM&/PASSWORD=newpasswordOKEXIT*~?UFOYouhavenowresetthepasswordontheSYSTEMuser-Oname. KO5.6.2BMyproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?MO4IfyouhaveasystemwithnolicensesforOpenVMSorforJOOpenVMSusersandthuscannotlogintotheOpenVMSsys-TOtem normally,youshouldbeabletologintotheconsoleserialHO= terminal-thisistheterminaldeviceknownas OPA0:-and,Operformthecommands necessary.HOForsystemsthatarenot configuredwithan accessableKOconsoleserial terminal-ascanbethecasewithhowsomeFO5 DECwindows workstationsareconfigured-youmustloginNOoverthenetworkorfromalocalserial connection.+IfyouJOcannotloginoveranetwork connection(SETHOST,tel-MO>net,etc)orfromanotherlocalserialterminal connection,LOyouwillhavetohaltthesystemandperforma conversa-.Otional bootstrapas describedinSection5.6.jYoumustthenGOHenterlicensing-relatedcommandsoncetheconversationalAlphasystemsisanother.I NOIfthesystemis configuredina VMSclusterandyouchangeOeither01theSCSNODEortheSCSSYSTEMID-but >notbothLO5 values-thenyouwillhavetoreboottheentire VMScluster.HO(The VMScluster remembersthemappingbetweenthesetwoOOvalues,andwillassumethata configurationproblemhasoc-QO>curedifa mismatchedpairappears,andwillrefusetoletaBOnodewitha mismatchedpairjointhe VMScluster.)z PIOTo calculatethecorrect SCSSYSTEMIDvalue,multiplytheKODECnetPhaseIVareanumberby1024,andaddtheDECnetCO5PhaseIVnodenumber.+Forexample,the SCSSYSTEMIDMOvalueforaDECnetnodewithaddress19.22is19478.)((19 *!O1024)+22=19478)2 POThismaywellhavemissedoneortwo configurationtools(orNOmore!)(thatareneededatyoursite-thenodenametendstoUO5getstoredallovertheplace,inlayered products,andinlocalO software...}SOAlsosee}Section15.6.3 vandSection15.6.4.*}F?*F?UTVH JO5.15CWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?NOUFor informationon configuringtelnetprint symbiont,onde-LOvicecontrol librariessuchasSYSDEVCTL.TLB,andforwaysQOofdealingwiththeextrablankpagesthatcanariseonvar-JO^iousHP printers,pleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizard=Oarea,starting particularlywithtopic(1020):cI9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/JNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*J|?K! NUOThereareavarietyof discussionsofthisandofrelatedprint-POingtopicsintheAskTheWizardarea,inadditiontotopicO5(1020).UL+OAlsosee}Section5.34.*L}F? WVX.ewDO5.17CHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and'(ECOs?EOYoucanacquireanddownloadkits containingOpenVMSPOfixes(ECOs)forvarious releases,aswellasrelatedsupportO^ information,via:fg `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/tg+JKOSomesystemswithInternet firewallsmay/willhavetouseKOpassivemodeFTPtoaccesstheabovesites.*Assumingre-JO5 cent/currentversionsoftheTCP/IPServicespackage,the+ODCLFTPcommand necessaryis:?O$&DIRECTORY/FTP/ANONYMOUS/PASSIVE%ftp.itrc.hp.com::h^OOYoucan subscribetoanemail notificationlistattheITRCOsite.i[MOForalistofOpenVMSECOkitsrecently released,youcanOuse:j ] `m>m4http://Eisner.DECUS.org/conferences/OpenVMS-patches_ new_1.HTMLkPOYoucanalsosignupforECOkitemail notifications(DigestAOor individualnotifications)directlyfromHPat:xlN `mCm9http://www1.service.digital.com/patches/mailing-list.htmlmNLOExamplesandECOkit installation instructionsareincludedROinthecoverletter.)For availableECOkits,coverlettersand6O5other associateddocumentation,lookin:ng `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/voL4OFor additional information,pleaseseeSection5.17.*oF?ep WsDODoNOTattempttoinstallaVMSINSTAL-basedOpenVMSBOECOkitonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater./WhileHO5 VMSINSTALitselfremains available,itisnotusedforHOOpenVMSAlphaECOkitsstartinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-IO2.'OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforOpenVMSO>ECOkits.qX OSeeSection5.304for informationonECOkit checksums.*qF?gfhu K9O5.33CSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate'(SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?GOAmessageattheOpenVMSAlpha bootstrapsuchastheO following:OO%SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,&Unable%to%locate%SYS$CPU_ROUTINES_1C02.EXEMO%SYSBOOT-E-LDFAIL,%failed&to&load%execlet,%status&=%00000910;! IO indicatesthatthe particularOpenVMSAlphareleasedoesMOnotcontainsupportforthetarget platform.,Inthiscase,FO5OpenVMSdoesnot recognizeAlphafamily1Cmember02LOasa supported platform.(AlaterversionofOpenVMSmightROsupportthe platform,ortheremightbenosupportonanyre-MO>lease.'Ensurethatyouhavethemostcurrent firmware,andJOreviewtheminimumversion requirementsforthe platform.KOTheexecletloadfailureandothersimilar bootstrapsta-QOtusvaluescanoftenbedecodedusingeitherofthe followingO5 techniques:O$&exit%%x910/O%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,%no%such%file OI$#O$&x%=%f$message(%x910)O$&show%symbol&x7BX%=%"%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,&no&such%file" O$Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.4.1.*}F?@jik FO5.36CWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?@OUThe NorthLakePrintKit (www.nls.com)andDECprintDO Supervisor(DCPS)arecommonchoicesforsupportof,O PostscriptprintersonOpenVMS.^ `mmhttp://www.nls.com/ `<2http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/Print/print_E sw_prods.html}! SSOYoumayalsorequirethe installationofanIP transportstack.[OAlsopleaseseemSection15.2.2 fandSection15.2.3.*mF?Y*F?amln.2O5.39C ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?JOUThePAKreleasedate,thePAK terminationdate,andtheLOPAKversionaretheusualculpritswhenalicenseproductOIfyouhavetheLMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGElogi-OOcalnamedefined,youcan(will?)(seespuriouslicensecheckPO5failures-variousproductswillcheckformultiple licenses,andPOafewproductswillcheckforPAKsthateitherhavenotyetRObeenorwillnotbeissued.(OnceyoufigureoutwhichlicenseKO>hasfailed,youwillwanttodeassignthislogicalname. _UNote _>HThattherearenolicensecheckfailuresdoes 4Hnot Hin-Cdicatethatthe particularproductor operationorBuseis permissibleper applicable licensingagree-ERments.'Pleaseconsultthe applicable agreement(s)for<licensing-related informationand requirements. @HOToregisteralicensePAKona DECwindowssystemwhenKO DECwindowscannotstart(becauseofanexpiredlicenseorMO5other licensing problem),followthestepsoutlinedinsec-OtionSection5.63upthroughtheuseofthe AUTHORIZEEOcommand.*Inplaceofthe AUTHORIZEcommand,usethe?O>consoletoregisterthelicensePAKs.(Alsosee>Section12.5 e>for7O licensingandtroubleshooting information.*P?*? ! NMOFor informationon licensingandonthenumbersoflicensePOunitsrequiredforvariousproductsandvarious platforms,theHO5LicenseUnit RequirementsTable(LURT)is availableat:lB `m7m-http://www.compaq.com/products/software/info/2zy{I d@O7.4BWhyis DECmigratenotworkingwithFortran?KOD%OTS-F-INDATCOR%internal%data% corrupted%in%Run-time%LibraryHOThiserrorcanarisewithFortranprogramsifyouareIO8runningarecentversionofOpenVMSAlpha,andareus-EOing DECmigrateto translateFortran applications..TheEO DECmigrateRun-TimeLibraryattemptstosupportmixedOOAtranslated-nativeI/OtothesameunitbysharingthenativeGOFortranRTL'sinternaldata structures,andinOpenVMSNO7.2these structureschangedandthe translatedRTLwasnotOKupdated accordingly.J W=OYoucancopyDEC$FORRTL.EXEfromOpenVMS7.1,ROcopyingittosomespare directory,andthendefiningthelog-JO5icalname DEC$FORRTLtopointtoitbeforerunningyourMO translated application.+Or rebuildingthe applicationtouseNOthe availablenativeFortran compiler.(OryoucanapplytheEO>currentFortranRTLkit,whichhasafixforthis.KN@OAlsocheck forupgradesto DECmigrate(VEST and#OAEST) environments.-SeeSection13.12fordetails..For5O5DECmigrate-relatedPL/I information,seea5Section13.3.*K?*Ka?~ }eW! ;invoked,andunderOpenVMS,theDCL$PATHsupportwillMOcauseacommand proceduretobe activatedin preferenceto Oan executableimage.[ JOFormore informationonforeigncommandsoron automatic.Oforeigncommandsupport,seethe!&OpenVMSUser'sManual .U\+OSeealso}Section10.3.*\}F?] jKOIfyouwanttocreateadetachedprocessthattakesar-IOgumentsfromacommandline,itmustberunundertheNO5controlofacommandline interpreter(CLI) (typicallyDCL).SOThisisdonebyplacingthecommandlineinafile, specifyingDOSYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXEastheimagetorunandthe7O>commandfileastheinput.&Forexample:,O$& OPEN/WRITE%CMD&TEMP_INPUT.COM2O $&WRITE&CMD%"$% MYCOMMAND% arguments"OS$&CLOSE&CMDEO$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COMe^ ;OOVariousOpenVMSlibrarycalls(suchas lib$spawn( ),cli$dcl_UOparse( ),andtheClibrarysystem( )call)requireaccesstoaKO5commandline interpretersuchasDCLtoperform requestedLOactions,andwillnotoperateifaCLIisnot available.m_CQOWhenaCLIisnot available,thesecalls typicallyreturntheGOerrorstatus SS$_NOCLI.Andas mentionedabove,invokeJO5theimageLOGINOUTtocauseaCLI(suchasDCL)tobeOOmappedintoandmade availableinthecontextofthetargetOprocess.*`GOForexamplesofhowTCP/IPServicessetsupitsfor-EOeigncommands(whichincludestoolssuchasuuencodeDO5and uudecode),pleaseseetheDCLcommand procedure0O&SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COM.Ua+OAlsosee}Section8.10.*a}F?x~;HO8.11CHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?GOUTowriteamessageandthenthebell character,use:O$& bell[0,7]%=&7.O"$&write& sys$output%"Hello''bell'"*OTowriteblinkingtext,use:O$&esc[0,7]&=%27&OP$&text%=% "Blinking%Text":O$&write& sys$output%"''esc'[5m''text'''esc'[m"wMOAlsoseesectionsSection11.6,vSection12.1.*F?*vF?! .O9.1BHowcanIundeleteafile?KOUOpenVMSdoesn'thavean ``undelete'' function.(However,ifPOyouarequickto write-protectthediskorifyoucanguar-SOanteethatnonewfilesgetcreatedorexistingfiles extended,XO^yourdataisstillonthediskanditmaybepossibletoretrieveJOit.*TheFLORIANtool availablefromvariouswebsitescan9O potentiallyrecoverthefile,seequestionSection13.1forpoint-NOhers.)Other alternativeshereincludetheDFUtool, available;OontheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribution.*?"QOIfyouaresettingupauser environmentforyourselforforPOothers,itisquiteeasytouseDCLto intercepttheDELETE%O5command,usingasymbol:2O$&DEL*ETE%:==&@SYS$LOGIN:MYDELETE.COMp! FKOTheDELETEsymbolwillcausethe proceduretobeinvokedJOwhenevertheuserenterstheDELETEcommand,anditcanSO5copythefile(s)toa ``trashcan'' subdirectorybeforeissuingaMO``real''DELETEonthefiles.)Other procedurescanretrieveNOthefile(s)fromthe ``trashcan'' subdirectory,andcan(andRO>should)cleanoutthe ``trashcan''as appropriate.'(RealizethatCOthisDELETEsymbolcan interferewith DELETE/GLOBAL.OandothersimilarDCL commands.)! yGO9.5BWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan(access? OOneTerabyte(TB;2 (**s31blocksof2 V** 9bytes; 0x07FFFFFFFMOblocks).*255volumesinavolumeset.*Thelargestcontigu-PO^ous allocationpossibleforany particularfileis 0x03FFFFFFFOblocks.NMOPriortothereleaseofV6.0,theOpenVMSfilesystemwas6Olimitedtodiskvolumesof8.38GB(2 **24blocks,16777216O5blocks)orless.! aNOOnsomesystems,thereare restrictionsintheconsolepro-MOgramthatlimitthesizeoftheOpenVMSsystemdisk.)NoteNO5thatdatadisksarenotaffectedbyconsoleprogramlimits.MOForexample,allmembersofthe VAXstation3100seriesareWOlimitedtoasystemdiskto1.073GBorlessduetotheconsole,PO>thoughlargerdatadisksare possible.*ThislimitduetothePOSCSIdriversusedbyandbuiltintotheconsoleROMtoreadOOtheOpenVMS bootstrapfiles,andthesesamedriversarealso?OHusedbyOpenVMStowritethesystem crashdump.  GOTherearenumerous discussionsofthis VAXstation3100IOinthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.*PleaseuseGoogleIO5 newsgroupsearchtosearchthearchivesforfurtherde-POtails,for discussionsofthe workarounds,andfordetailsofSOthe potentialforasimplefailed bootstrapand particularlyforQO> discussionsofthe potentialforseveresystemdisk corruptionsOoncrashes.B! HOSomeSCSIdiskswith capacitieslargerthan8.58giga-IObytes(GB)willrequiretheuseofanOpenVMSECOkit.O5(eg:* ALPSCSI04_062orlater;see"5Section14.265fordetails)LOfornewSCSIdevicedrivers.+FailuretousethisECOcanKOcause "roundingerrors"ontheSCSIdiskdevice capacity-MO>OpenVMSwillnotusenordisplaythefullcapacityoftheFO drive-and"%sysinit-e-errormountingsystemdevicesta-BOtusequals 000008C4"(8C4->"%SYSTEM-?-FILESTRUCT,KOH unsupportedfile structurelevel")errorsduring bootstrap.KO(One workaroundforthe bootstrapwhenthebitmapislo-KOcatedfarintothediskistheuseofINIT/INDEX=BEGIN.)PORTheproblemhereinvolvesthe particular extensionsandfieldsOOusedforlargercapacitydiskswithintheSCSIspecifications>Oandwithinthevariousintepretationsofsame.*"?R((OForATA(IDE)diskdrives:!  `m$mVersionsof SYS$DQDRIVER y*mBEFORE _y*mX-15toppedoutat8.455GB.XBWFixeddrivers(equalorgreaterthan"X-15")wereshippedin:Y! / h-YhOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,andlater .YV7.2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater f0YfV7.1-2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater 0YV7.1-2UPDATEV3.0ECO,andlater `e?eThenewer SYS$DQDRIVERdriveroperatestodisksGupto33GBwithout(known) problems,and effectivelyOworkswithratherlargerdisks(uptocirca137GB)butisIoknowntoreportan incorrectnumberof "cylinders"withdisksabove33GB.j OSeeSection14.4.4.2,for additionalATA SYS$DQDRIVERO information.*F? NOBeawarethataknown restrictionincertainolderversionsKOoftheAlphaSRMConsolepreventsbootingmostATA(IDE)NO5driveslargerthan8.455GB, dependingonexactlywheretheLOvariousfilesarelocatedonthevolume.(UpdatedSRMcon-NOsolesforsystemswithSRMandATA(IDE)drivesupportareJO>(willbe) available.)(OpenVMS Engineeringhas successfullyHO bootstrapped20GBATA(IDE)disksusingthe appropriate!OSRMconsole version.) q_UtNote q_GAll disk-relatedlistedinthissectionarestatedinLRunitsof"disk(baseten) gigabytes"(1GB=10^9bytes) and tnot?inunitsof "software(basetwo) gigabytes"(1CGB=2^30;1GB= 1073741824.)*bytes.+Pleasesee[Section14.266[fordetailsofthe nomenclatureandoftheunits. *?? MOBeawarethatlargerdisksthatareusingan extensionofKOSCSI-2-disksthatareusingamodepagefieldthattheKO5SCSI-2specificationsnormallyreservedfortape devices-toOOpermitalargerdiskvolumesizewillrequireaSCSIdriverMOupdateforOpenVMS,andthischangeispartofV7.1-2andIO>later,andalsopartof ALPSCSI07_062andlater.,(TheseMOlargerdisksdiskswill typicallyreportaDRVERR,orwillNOseethevolumesize"roundeddown".)(SCSIdiskslargerthanPOH16777216blockscira8.455GB(baseten);8GB(basetwo)re-NOquirethisECO,orrequiretheuseofOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2Oorlater.! aRO ApplicationswritteninCcanbelimitedtofilesizesoftwoRO gigabytesandless,asaresultoftheuseoflongwordvaluesTO5withinCfile operations,and specificallyoff_t.&This restrictionPOisliftedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater,andwiththeapplica-SOtionoftheCECOkits availableforspecificearlier releases.OO>Theuseofalongwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingXOnativeCI/Otofilesizesoftwo gigabytesorless,ortheseap-KO plicationsmustusenativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecificOH operations.oEOAlsosee}Section14.14,vSection14.26.*}F?*vF? IO9.6BWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord(sizelimit?OORMScanstore individualfilesofasizeuptothemaximumJO supportedvolumesize.)UnderOpenVMSV6.0andlater,theHO^volumesizeandtheRMSmaximumfilesizelimitis2 j** @^31 j*,O512 bytes-oneterabyte(1TB).WLO``Useavolumesettoprovidealarge, homogeneouspublicTOfilespace.(YoumustuseavolumesettocreatefilesthatareNO5largerthanasinglephysicaldiskvolume.*(ThefilesystemNOattemptstobalancetheloadonthevolumesets,forexam-UOple,bycreatingnewfilesonthevolumethatistheleastfullO>atthetime.)'' QO``Youcanaddvolumestoanexistingvolumesetatanytime.KOThemaximumnumberofvolumesinavolumesetis255.''! bJOTheRMSformats-sequential, relative,and indexed-arelim-MOitedbytheoneterabytemaximumvolumesize.'RMSrelativeWO5filesarefurtherlimitedtoanumberofrecordsthatwillfitinNO32bits-4billionrecords.) Sequentialandindexedformatsdo&Onothavearecordlimit.pFOAlsosee}Section2.17.1,Section14.26.*}F?*F?E;'CO9.7BHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon(OpenVMS?AOHowtocreateCD-R,CD-RW,DVD-R,DVD+R,DVD-RW,)OorDVD+RWmediaonOpenVMS?!  `mGmAcquirea comparativelyrecent SCSI-basedorATA(IDE)2CD-RorDVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWdrive..OlderdrivesIcanbevery problematic,whilenewerdrivesarereadily7w available,andarecheapandveryfast. `;GetLDDRIVERfromthe Freeware.1Versionsof@OLDDRIVERarelatentinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1and9later.)(LookwithinSYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COMfor details.)D eJWUseofthecurrentECOkitforLDDRIVER(as available),LoroftheversionofLD distributedwithV8.2(kittedonNFreewareV7.0asLD071),orlateris prefered.'(IfyouareJanotrunningthe specifiedversion,youwillwanttoup-EgradeoryouwillwanttousetheDCLcommandSET5"FILE/CACHING_ATTRIBUTES=NO_CACHINGontheHkLD partitionfile.+Thisisa workaroundforanincom-D patibilityfoundbetweenolderLDDRIVERversionsandItheXFCcaching support.)'Alternatively,youcanacquire=tandloadtheVD64packagefromthe Freeware. `AGetCDRECORDorCDWRITEorothersimilarrecord-Lingtool. 3WCDRECORD(part of CDRTOOLS), CDWRITE,6and DVDRECORD(partof DVDRTOOLS)pack-6ages (DVDRECORD is a fork!of CDRECORD)>aarefreely available, andversionsofCDRECORDCare availableontheFreewareV6.0 distribution.0(@&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/)AnOpenVMSFkportofthecmcdCDaudioripperisalso reportedly. available.'http://www.amb.org/xmcd/d :<WVersionsofCDRECORD (non-DVD)arelatentin?OpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1andlater., Commercialver-@sionsofCDDRECORD-withDVDcapabilities-arealsoLa availableforvarious platforms,and particularlyavariant3ofCDRECORDknownasCDRECORD-ProDVD.! 3EWBewarethetoolchosen:*someversionsand configura-EtionsofCDRECORDcanrecordDVDmedia,ascantheA DVDRECORDpackage,ascanthe commercialDVDwrite@apackage.*ManyversionsofCDRECORDcannotrecordADVDmedia, includingtheversionofCDRECORDla-GtentwithinOpenVMSandtheversionfoundonFreeware=kV6.0;theseversionscannotrecordDVDmedia. `LBuildthecontentsofthediskontheLDorVD64deviceB partition. `OUsethechosen recordingtooltorecordthecontentsoftheHLDorVD64 partitiondirectlyontotheopticalmedium.zHOAlternatively,considerthe followingcommandonOpenVMS$OAlphaV7.3-1andlater:)Oa@SYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COM&HELP JOWhilefolkshavehadsuccessgettingPC-basedCD-R/RWor@ODVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWtoolstoworkwithOpenVMSMO5 partitions,itisfareasierandmorereliabletousetheKO OpenVMS-basedversionsofthesetoolsanddirectly-attachedNOdevices.*Ifyouusea Windows-basedtool,youwillwanttoMO> specificallyselectitsrawmode,imagemode,or block-copyIOmode, dependingonthe terminologywithinthe particularMOtool.*Thetransfermodeand selectionsis variouslyreferedHOHtoasa disk-at-once(DAO) 2048-byteblockISOMode17Oraw/image/blockdatadisk recordingmode.! kgHOMoredetails:+CreationofCD recordableorDVDrecord-HOablemediaunderOpenVMS typicallyinvolvesoneoftwoNO5 approaches:)theuseoftheoptionalCD-R (`Scribe')capabil-POities availableforthe InfoServerorother "offline"hardwareKOpackages (PC-basedpackageswillbeincludedinthis),orKO>theuseofa host-basedpackagesuchastheCDRECORDorBO CDWRITE13_VMSorother utilities, includingOpenVMSIOportsofcommon open-sourcetoolsmade availablebyDr.EOHEberhardHeuser-Hofmannandvariousothers.' CommercialEOpackagesandoptionsarealso available.0Dr.0Heuser-BOHofmannhasDVDwrite,a commercialpackagewhichLORcanrecordDVDmedia.'("http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms)0COOpenVMScanreadODS-2,ODS-5,andISO-9660formatMOCD-ROMs.((Ifyouareverycareful,youcancreateadual-FO5formatCD-R;aCD-RwithbothODS-2andISO-9660or0ObothODS-5andISO-9660orboth.) lGO InfoServerhardwareconfigurationsarenolongeravail-NOablefromHP,butmay potentiallybeacquiredthroughotherFO5means;asused equipment.. InfoServersupportalsohasMOveryspecificCD-R recordingdeviceprerequisites,andtheseDO recordingdevicesarenolonger generally available.% BOPackages related to the use of DVD archiving areIOalso available,seethe multi-volume capabilitiesofthe'O5DVDarchive/restore Freeware.IO?http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/9999/vmscdwri.htmlvLLO Additional informationis availableatthe followingsites:nA D `m.m$http://www.djesys.com/vms/cdrom.html `4*http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Technology/CD-E R/vms.html `J@http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cdrom/cd-recordable/part1/preamble.html `D&Dhttp://www.tmesis.com/CDrom/ `'http://www.tditx.com/~odsiso/V ,QOU.S.Designoffersapackagethatincludesthetools necessaryIOtocreateaCDorDVD-RwitheitherISO-9660orODS-2BO5format,for standaloneCD-R/RW,DVD-R,orDVD+R/RWPOdrives,forrecentOpenVMS versions.'Detailsare availableat:W- `m"mhttp://www.usdesign.com/OAlsoseeSection9.7.27Pfordetailsonaccesstorecordedmedia$OonolderCD-ROMdrives.*F?o6O9.7.1BCDandDVD notation, terminology?BO4CD-ROMis pre-recordedCompactDiskmedia,andisIOtheoriginalandoldestCDformat.+TheoriginalCDme-NOdiawas physicallystamped,a recordingprocessthatisnowIO=largelyreservedtothehighest-volumemedia reproductionO requirements. NIOCD-RisCD Recordable,a write-oncestoragemediumthatUOcanbereadbyallbuttheoldestofCDdrives;aformatwhichMO5canbereadandoftenevenrecordedbymostCD-RWdrives.NHOCD-RWisCD ReWritable,aformatwhichisreadablebyJOmanyCDdrivesandbymostCD-Rdrives,andwithmediaGO5thatcanberecordedand re-recordedbyCD-RWdrives. WKOCDmedia recordingspeedsarelistedas multiplesof150RO kilobytespersecond,soa10Xdriverecordsat1500 kilobytesJO5(1.5 megabytes)persecond.*600MB(70minutes)and700MOMB(80minutes) recording capacitiesarebothwidelyavail-OOable.(Theminutes designationisderivedfromthe traditionalHO> audio-format recordingcapacityofthe particularmedia. WGODVD-R/RWistheolderoftwocommonDigital VersatileJODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD-R RecordableorDVD-JO5RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDdrives.(AsLOwithCD-RformatsinolderCDdrives,olderDVDandpar-HO ticularlyfirst-generationDVDplayersmayhaveproblems'O>readingthismediaformat.! W{LODVD+R/RWisthenewerofthetwocommonDigital VersatileDODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD+R RecordableorAO5DVD+RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDGOdrives.+AkintoDVD-R/RWmedia,olderand particularlyKOfirst-generationDVDdrivescanhaveproblemsreadingthisO>mediaformat. MOTheDVD Plus-seriesdrivesandmediatendtorecordfasterSOthanMinusdrives,as(asofthiswriting)thePlus(+)drivesJO5donotrequireaninitialmedia formattingpassandtheIOMinus(-)drivesdo.-Whilethe appropriatePlus(+)orMOMinus(-)DVDrawmediamustbechosenforthe particularJO>DVDrecorder(andDVD recordingdrivesthatarecompati-POblewithandcapableofusingbothPlusandMinusmediaareLO available),the resultingrecordedmediais generallyread-LOHable (playable)inallrecentDVDdrivesandDVDplayers,LO regardlessoftype.,(CompatibilityisbestwithinthesamePO media-seriesdevicesofcourse,butbecertaintoverifycom-ROR patibilityacrossdevices regardlessofthe particulardeviceor0O particular recordingmediachosen.) bJO PresentlyPlus(+)mediaisslightlymore expensivethanPOMinus(-),butwiththepricesofallCDandallDVDmediaMO5 continuingto consistentlyfall,the differencesinDVDme-SOdiacostsarebecoming irreleventforallbutthe productionof(OhugevolumesofDVDmedia.JOTheratedDVD recordingspeedsarein multiplesof1353OO kilobytespersecond,thusaDVD1Xdriveisroughlyequiv-KO5alenttoaCD9XdriveinI/O requirementsandtransferOspeed.wHODVDdrive recordingspeedcananddoesvary.,DVDdiskPOdrive recordingspeedislimitedbytherated recordingspeedLO5ofthemediaused,sotheslower(andcheaper)DVDmediaOOwillnotrecordanymorequicklyinafasterdrive.*A2.4XDODVDdriveloadedwith1Xmediawillrecordat1X.DO9.7.2BUseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)<(CDdrives?HOTheRRD42seriesSCSICD-ROMdriveis sufficientlyoldEOthatitcanhaveproblems processingCD-RandCD-RWJO=media.*OtherveryoldCDdrivescanhave equivalentme-JOdia compatibilityproblemswhen attemptingtoread(much)GOnewerCDmediaandnewerCDmedia technologies.*TheseJOGolderCDdrivesare generallyintendedforusewiththeGO so-calledembossedmedia,ratherthanwith non-embossedFOrecorded (recordable)medianowincommon circulation.NGOPleaseconsiderusingaslightly-less-ancientCD-ROMorCOCD-RorCD-RWdrivewhenworkingwith non-embossedO5recordedCDmedia.N@OTo paraphraseoneknowledgable-though deliberatelyJOnameless-storage engineer,``TheRRD42driveisjustpast(O5thedroolingidiotstage''.- jFO9.7.3BCreatingBootableOpenVMSI64CDorDVDMedia?<( SYS$SETBOOT?QOIfyouarecreatingabootableCDorDVDmediaforusewithGOOpenVMSI64,youwillwanttospecifythe SYS$SETBOOTTO=blocksizeof2048,andyouwillalsowantadiskclusterfac-IOtorthatisamultipleoffourviaINITIALIZE/CLUSTER=4SO(or8,or...),oryouwillwanttoensurethat SYS$EFI.SYSandFOGSYS$DIAGNOSTICS.SYSarealignedtoamultipleoffourKOblocks;toa2048byte boundary.,This alignmentandthisLOblockingisonly necessaryforOpenVMSI64,andonlywhenBOQcreatingopticalmediaOpenVMSI64for bootstraps. NKOThedefault512-byteblocksettingusedby SYS$SETBOOTisPOthecorrectandexpectedvaluefor traditionaldisk bootstraps$O5onOpenVMSI64systems.?FOOncethebootfilesareloaded,OpenVMSI64operatesLOwith512-byteblocks;asisthecasewithATAPIdisksonLO5OpenVMSAlpha,all applicationcodewillonlysee512-byte7OblocksonopticalmediaonOpenVMSI64.NMOOpenVMSI64V8.2andlaterareexpectedtohaveaversionGOof SYS$SETBOOTthatwillflaga misaligned SYS$EFI.SYSGO5and(ifpresent)a misalignedSYS$DIAGNOSTICS.SYSfile. WEOFor informationon SYS$SETBOOTandtheSET BOOTBLOCKOcommand,pleaseseeXSection14.3.9 UandseetheOpenVMSMO5documentation.'ThepurposeandintentoftheSYS$SETBOOT.EXEEOimageandtheSET BOOTBLOCKcommandis analogousto?Othe WRITEBOOT.EXEimageonexistingOpenVMSVAX'O>andOpenVMSAlphasystems.*X?gHOFor informationonCDandDVDopticalmediadrivesonOOpenVMS,pleasesee]Section14.30.*]?H)FO10.1CModular Programming,FacilityPrefixesandSymbol'(Naming?DOPleasefirstreviewtheOpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsBOManualandtheGuidetoModular Programmingmanu-IO^als.)Bothare availablewithintheOpenVMS documentationMOset,andprovidedetailsoftheexpectednormsforOpenVMSO programs.2 t `mMmLearnaboutthefacilityprefix,anduseathe appropriateLprefix uniformly throughoutallexternalsymbols,alllogi-Ncalnames,andallfileslocatedinshared directories.(The9wprefixandtheuseofthedollarsign( 7& 9T u$ 19T &4w)andtheunder-score( - T _ T -E)helpavoid collisionswithother products.'UseofD(thedollarsignisreservedto registered products. `HPleaseconsideruseoftoolssuchastheFreewareSDLCpackage,andtheGNMpackage.+ThesepermityoutoIYgenerateincludefilesandmessage documentationakintoJthatofOpenVMS, providingusersofyourproductwitha familiar environment. `DForproductinstallations,consideruseofthePCSIC installationutility, andprovideaproduct-specific:: configurationDCLcommand procedure(usually;SYS$MANAGER:prefix$CONFIG.COM)if configurationis required. `jZjTheproductstartupfileisusuallynamedSYS$STARTUP:prefix$STARTUP.COM,_andtheshutdownfile(ifneeded)isusually SYS$STARTUP:prefix$SHUTDOWN.COM.KOOpenVMSprovidesaregistryforfacilityprefixesandforIOMESSAGEmessagecompilercodes.)TorequestaprefixandMO5amessagefacilitycodeforaproductyou distributinngtoLOothercustomersites,sendyourrequestinamailmessageGO addressedto)product[-at-sign-]hylndr.sqp.zko.dec.com,re-NO>questingthe submissionformanddetailsofthe registrationOprocess. _UNote _EPleasedonotrequestfacilityprefixesforproductsJthatlocaltoyour business,yoursite,oryoursystem.ERFacilityprefixesandmessagecodesandthefacilityF registrationprocessareintendedsolelyforHPprod-AuctsandPartnerProducts(andyes,evenOpenVMSB[Freeware packages)thatwillbe distributedacross-multipleOpenVMScustomersites. ! ^ROForalistofcommoncodingbugs,pleaseseethe remainderof8OthissectionoftheFAQand specificallySection10.22,pleaseNO5alsoseetheAskTheWizardtopic(1661),andforinforma-LOtionon debugginganOpenVMS application,pleaseseetopicO(7552).*?;c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?GO10.2CCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?DOUPleaseusethe availableSEARCHcommandonOpenVMS,LOandpleaseremembertosearchthe available resources,in-JOcludingthesupport databasesandthe newsgroup archives.KO^PleasealsorealizethatmostOpenVMSsystemservicesuseMOsimilarcalling sequences,meaningthatanexampleofcall-OOing sys$getjpicanbeusedasanexamplefor sys$getsyiandQOh sys$getdvi.( Students:(pleasedonotexpectfolkstowriteyour:Ohomeworkforyou.'Asforsearch resources:uK `mmSEARCH SYS$EXAMPLES: y* m. y*Bmtarget `!SEARCHTCPIP$EXAMPLES: >* c. s*target `l!lhttp://askq.compaq.com/ `1'http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/ `k khttp://www.google.com/NCOOpenVMS programmingdocumentation, includingthenu-IOmerousexampleprogramsfoundinrecentversionsofthe(O5OpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts!'5manual,is available:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/+ IOAsfordetailsofargumentpassing,mostOpenVMSsystemMOservicesandRTLroutinespassstring argumentsbydescrip-NO5tor.( LanguageswhichsupportnativestringdatatypescreatePO descriptorsautomatically;thosewhichdonot(eg.,C)requireOOthatyousetthemup explicitly.*Forfurtherdetailsonus-PO>ing descriptorsand particularlyforusing descriptorsfromC,OpleaseseeSection10.13.*Z?0! IOThereis extensive information availableonhowtocallDOOpenVMSsystemservicesandOpenVMSRun-TimeLibraryIO5 routines, includingexamplesinnumerous languages.'Among0Othebest available referencesare:`6 `m(mYour language'sUserManual `3OpenVMS Programming EnvironmentManual `l0lOpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManual `?OpenVMS Programming Interfaces:+CallingaSystemDRoutine `$OpenVMSCallingStandard! WKOIn addition,ifyouarea subscribertotheHPSoftwareNO InformationNetwork (availabletothosewithasoftwaresup-JO5port contract),thesupportdatabasecontainshundredsofIOworkedexamplesofcallingsystemservicesandRTLrou-SOtines, includingtheonethatseemstotripupalmost everyone,O>SMG$CREATE_MENU.! ~MOArneVajhjhasputtogethera collectionofOpenVMSexam-1Ople programs.'Itcanbefoundat:X. `m#mftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/\CO Additional informationandexamplesforOpenVMSareO availablevia:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.B5andvia:*|?f< `m1m'http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/C1wEO10.5CHowdoIlinkagainstSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STBonan'(Alphasystem?EO LINK/SYSEXEistheOpenVMSAlpha equivalentoflink-IOingagainstSYS.STB.Thislinksagainstthebaseimage:O^SYS$BASE_IMAGE.EXEOAlsoseeSection10.11,7z particularlyforpointerstothedetailsAOon shareableimagesand shareableimage creation.*F?   2GO10.10CHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensingR( purposes?JOManysoftware developersdesiretouseauniquehardwareUOIDto``lock''agivencopyoftheirproducttoaspecificsys-HO^tem.+MostVAXandAlphasystemsdonothaveauniquePO hardware-set``systemID''thatcanbeusedforthispurpose.JOHPOpenVMSproductsdonotusehardwareIDsintheli-IOhcensingmethods,asmanyusersconsiderahardware-basedKO licensingschemetobenegative attributewhen consideringOsoftware purchases. nCOHPOpenVMSusesasoftware-basedsystemcalledtheKOLicense ManagementFacility(LMF).Thisprovidesforsoft-EO5warekeys(Product AuthorizationKeysorPAKS)whichLOsupportcapacityand user-basedlicense checking.(HPoffers7OanLMFPAK GeneratortoCSA members-seeSection2.13.*?yO7OFor informationon licensing,pleaseseeSection12.5.*F? KOHowever,ifahardware-basedmethodis required,themostEOcommonmethodisbasedonanEthernetadaptorhard-KO5wareaddress.*Samplesourcecodefor implementingthisisO availableat:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*|?VN7-;;O10.22CHPCandotherOpenVMSC ProgrammingR(Considerations?EOVAXCV3.2wasreleasedforOpenVMSVAXsystemsinLO1991.)DECCV4.0replacedVAXCV3.2in1993astheHPHO^CcompilerforOpenVMSVAXsystems.*HPCistheANSIFOCcompilerforOpenVMSAlphasystems.+VAXCpredatesLOtheANSIC standards,andhasvariousareasthatarenotFOh compliantwithANSIC requirements.,HPCisanANSIIOC compiler,andcanalsocompilemostVAXCcodewhenFO/STANDARD=VAXCis specified.+VersionsofthiscompilerIOrbetweenV3.2andV6.5 (exclusive)wereknownasDECC,&ODIGITALC,andCompaqC.;< QOBoth compilerscanbe installedatthesametimeonthesameEOOpenVMSVAXsystem,allowinga migrationfromVAXCOO5toDECC,andallowingthesameDECCcodetobeusedon,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.== JOThesystemmanagercanchoosethesystemdefaultCcom-QOpilerwhenHPCis installedonasystemwithVAXC,andaNO5C programmercan explicitlyselecttherequiredcompilerfor*Oaany particular compilation.>NOAcurrent"C"licensePAKallowsaccesstobothVAXCand5OHPConthesameOpenVMSVAXsystem.2? HOVariousHPCversionscanbe installedonOpenVMSVAXGOV5.5-2andlater.+OpenVMSVAXreleasessuchasV5.5-2QO5andV6.0willrequirethe installationofaHPCRTLkit,aLOkitthatisincludedwiththeHPC compiler.(OpenVMSVAXSOversionsV6.1andlaterdonotrequireaseperateRTLkit,butMO>HPCRTLECOkitsare availabletoresolveproblemsfoundquiredexplicit specificationofanRTL shareableimageorC.Oobjectlibraryduringthelink.)+A %IOWhenthe/PREFIXis requested,thecompiler generatesaRO"decc$"prefixonthe specifiedsymbols.'ThisprefixallowstheLO5LINKERtoresolvetheexternalsymbolsagainstthesymbolsFOpresentintheDECC$SHRlibrary.)TheDECC$SHRlibraryIOisincludedinthe IMAGELIB.OLB shareableimagelibrary,FO>andIMAGELIBissearchedbydefaultwhenanyprogramKO(writteninany language)isLINKed.(BecausethestandardOOClibraryroutinenamesareverylikelytomatch applicationQOHroutineswritteninother languages,aprefix"decc$"isaddedPOtotheCsymbolnamestoassuretheir uniqueness;topreventHOsymbolnaming conflicts.)C programs,however,cansome-LORtimeshaveprivate librariesforvarious purposes,andtheMOexternalroutinessharethesamenamesasthelibraryrou-MOtines.*(Thisisnot recommended,butthereare applicationsNO[aroundthatusethis technique.)*Thustheneedto explicityPOspecifywhetherornotthe"decc$"prefixshouldbe prepended>O totheexternalsymbolnamesbythe compiler.BNOOThe qualifiers,andmost(all?)(with associatedpragmas,thatIOmaybeofinterestwhen migratingVAXCcodetoHPCO5include:RC( `mm/PREFIX=ALL_ENTRIESD MWAs mentionedabove.'Failureto specificythis qualifiercanLcausethecompilertonotaddtheprefixesforthenamesOoftheClibraryroutinesintothe referencesplacedintheIaobjectmodule,whichcaninturncauseproblemsresolv-Jingtheexternalsymbolsinthelibrarywhentheobjectcodeislinked. `* /ASSUME=WRITABLE_STRING_LITERALSEEWSomeVAXCprograms erroneouslywritetothestringN literals.(Bydefault,HPCdoesnotallowthe constantstochange. `/SHARE_GLOBALSFMWEnablessharing("shr")ofglobalsandofextern variables.IHPCsetsexternsas non-shareable ("noshr"),VAXCas"shr". `#/EXTERN_MODE=COMMON_BLOCKGH~EWVAXCassumescommonblockmodelforexternallink-ages. `///[NO]MEMBER_ALIGNMENTHa EWReferstothepaddingplacedbetweenmemberelementsFwithinastruct.) Disablingmember alignmentpackstheGdatamoretightlyintomemory,butthis packaginghasAa performance implications,bothonOpenVMSVAXand4 particularlyonOpenVMSAlphasystems. `9F9playwithspecific unaligneddatastructures-suchastheLO sys$creprcquota itemlist-andwithdata structuresthatareROusingdatathatwas organizedbyasystemusingbyteorother OH non-member alignment.L KOVersionsofHPCsuchasV6.0includethe capabilitytoLOextractthecontentsofthestandardheader librariesintoFO5 directoriessuchasSYS$SYSROOT:[DECC$LIB...],andpro-LOvidevariouslogicalnamesthatcanbedefinedtocontrolNOlibrary searches.)WithHPCversionssuchasV6.0,thede-LO>fault operationsofthecompilermatchthe expectationsofDOmostOpenVMS programmers,without requiringanydef-MOinitionsof site-specificlibrary-relatedlogicalnames.*(AndMOHlogicalnamesleftfromolderDECCversionscan sometimesCOcausethecompilertroubleslocatingheaderfiles.)M! [OOHPCV5.6andlaterincludeabackportlibrary,a mechanismFObywhichHPCrunningonolderOpenVMSreleasescanPO5gainaccesstonewerRTLroutinesaddedtotheRTLinlaterDOOpenVMS releases-thelanguageRTLsshipwithOpenVMS2Oitself,andnotwiththe compilers.uNKAOExampleCcodeis availableinSYS$EXAMPLES:, in9O DECW$EXAMPLES(whenthe DECwindowsexamplesIO5are installed),inTCPIP$SERVICES(oronolder releases,DO UCX$EXAMPLES)whenHPTCP/IPServicesis installed),DOontheFreewareCD-ROMs,andatwebsitessuchascO9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/PNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*P|?Q+O10.22.1COthercommonCissuesMO4The localtime( )functionandvariousother functionsmain-JOtainthenumberofyearssince1900inthe"structtm"KO structuremembertm_year.)ThisfieldwillcontainavalueQO=of100intheyear2000,101for2001,etc.,andtheyearlyFOincrementationofthisfieldisexpectedto continue.PR&HOTheCepoch typicallyusesalongword(knownastime_LOt)tocontainthenumberofsecondssincemidnighton1-JO5 Jan-1970.+Atthecurrentrateof consumptionofseconds,LOthislongwordisexpectedtooverflow(when interpretedasHOasigned longword)circa03:14:07on 19-Jan-2038(GMT),MO>asthistimeiscirca 0x7FFFFFFFsecondssincetheCbaseOOdate.)(Themostcommonsolutionistoensurethattime_tisOan unsigned.)dS:SOIfCdoesnot correctlyhandlethedisplayofthelocalsystemCOtime,thenchecktheUTC configurationonOpenVMS-JO5themostcommonsymptomofthisisaskewofonehourKO(orwhateverthelocaldaylightsavingstimechangemightMObe).+Thisskewcanbecausedby incorrecthandlingoftheOO>"is_dst"settinginthe applicationprogram,orbyanincor-JOrectOpenVMSUTC configurationonthelocalsystem.((SeeOsectionYSection4.3.)*SY|?xT IOFloatingpointis prohibitedinOpenVMSAlpha inner-modeJO (privileged)code,andinanyprocessorother executionLO5contextthatdoesnothavefloatingpointenabled.,Cpro-BOgrammers developingandworkingwithOpenVMSAlphaLOhigh-IPL kernel-modecodesuchasdevicedriverswillwantNO>tobecomefamiliarwiththefloatingpoint processingavail-MOableinthe environment,andwiththeCcompiler qualifier6O$/INSTRUCTION_SET=[NO]FLOATING_POINT.DeviceLOHdriversandothersimilar kernel-modeCcodemustbecom-;Opiledwith/INSTRUCTION_SET=FLOATING_POINTand&O/EXTERN_MODEL=STRICT_REFDEF.U! ?O Additionally,the!SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C.TLB/LIBRARYOO parameterwillbeneededtobeappendedtothemodulespec-LO5 ificationordeclaredviatheC compiler'sincludelibraryIOlogicalname mechanismwhentheCcompileris resolvingIO kernel-modedata structuresand definitions.+ThislibraryGO>containsOpenVMS kernel-modeandothersystem declarac-NOtions,and particularlyamixtureof undocumented definitionsOOand declarations,and particularly definitionsand declarationsPOHthataresubjecttochange(andthatcan accordinglyleadtoHO requirementsforthe recompilationof applicationcode).VV t,GOInadditiontothe user-modeCRun-TimeLibrary(RTL)GO mentionedintheOpenVMSCRTL documentationandref-O5erencedoverin5Section3.11,-i5thereisasecondandparallelGO kernel-modeRTL accessabletodevicedriversandotherCOkernelcodeonOpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64.,TheMO>mostcommontimethissecondClibraryisnoticediswhenHOCcodeis (erroneously)linkedwith/SYSEXE/SYSLIB,andLO duplicatesymbolerrors typicallythenarise.*Ascoderun-FOHningin supervisor-, executive-or kernel-modecontextIOcannotcallouta user-modeRTLorother user-modeli-HObrary,youwillwantto respecifythecommandasLINKHOR/SYSEXE/NOSYSLIB.Thiswill eliminatethe duplicatesym-PObolerrors,sinceonlythe kernel-modelibrarywillberefer-POenced,anditwillalsoavoidcallingoutintothe user-modeO[ libraries.*V?&PW&KOWhensharing variableswithother languages,hereissome!OexampleHPCcode... /a...%/#pragma& extern_model%save./#pragma& extern_model% strict_refdef%/9extern%intpVMS$GL_FLAVOR;(/#pragma& extern_model%restore /...XBOandhereissome associatedexampleBlisscode... /.../PEXTERNALVMS$GL_FLAVOR,/....Y! g-O10.22.2COthercommonC++issuesGO4HPC++(aseparatecompilerfromHPC)providesbothHOsymbolmanglingandsymbol decoration.+Someofthede-NOtailsofworkingwithlongersymbolnamesandthe resultingHO=symbolnamemanglinginmixedlanguage environmentsarePOlistedinthe shareableimage cookbook,andintheC++docu-IO mentation.(Symbolname decorationpermitsthe overloadingPOGof functions(byadding characterstotheexternalsymbolforQOthefunctiontoindicatethefunctionreturntypeandthear-HOgumentdatatypes involved),andmixed-languageexternalSOQ referencescanandoftendoneedtodisablethis decorationvia3Otheextern"C" declaration mechanism:/.extern%"C" zv{-zextern%int%ExternSymbol(void%*);2zextern%int%OtherExternSymbol(void%*); zN}ZuOAlsoseeSection14.7-Afor informationon /ARCHITECTUREOand/OPTIMIZE=TUNE.*ZF?[ OSeeSection10.158for informationontheCsystemandthe5O lib$spawncallinCAPTIVE environments.*[F?!\VJO Constructssuchastheorderofincrementationordecre-JO mentationandtheorderofargument processingwithinanHO5argumentlistareallimplementation-defined.*Thismeans0OthatCcoding constructssuchas:i%=&i++;Za[i]%=&i++;foo(%i,%i++,&--i);!] GOare undefinedandcanhave (adverse) implicationswhenQOportingtheCcodetoanotherCcompilerortoanotherplat-JO5form.+Ingeneral,any combinationof++,-,=,+=,-=, @* +5=,OOetc operatorsthatwillcausethesamevaluetobemodifiedLOmultipletimes(betweenwhattheANSI/ISOCstandardcallsGO> "sequencepoints")produce undefinedandimplementation-Ospecificresults. ^ WQOWithinC,the followingarethe "sequencepoints":*the";"atSOtheendofaC statment,the'|| ,&&,?:,andcommaopera-UO5tors,andacalltoa function.(Note specificallythat=isNOTJOasequencepoint,andthatthe individual argumentscon-OOtainedwithinafunctionargumentlistcanbe processedfromNO>righttoleft,fromlefttoright,oratanyrandomwhim._vGOHPCforOpenVMSVAX (formerlyDECC)andVAXCdo/Odifferintherelated processing.` ^MOSoyouarelookingforOpenVMS-specific definitions(includeOfiles)?a;O UCBDEF.H,PCBDEF.HandotherOpenVMS-specificDOdefinitions-theseare consideredpartofOpenVMSandNO5notpartoftheCcompilerkit-are availableonallrecent#OOpenVMSAlpha releases. b@OTo referencethe version-dependent symbol libraryKOsys$share:sys$lib_c.tlb,useacommandsimilartothefol-#O5lowingfor compilation:2O$&CC&!sourcea+SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C/LIBcYBOYoucanalsodefineDECC$TEXT_LIBRARYto referenceOthelibrary.d JOYouwillwanttoreviewthe ProgrammingConceptsmanual,COand specificallytakeaquicklookatChapter21.)e DOAndsomegeneral background:,theSTARLET definitionsMO(andthusthesys$starlet_c.tlblibrary)containthesymbolsIO5andthe definitionsthatare independentoftheOpenVMSGOversion./TheLIB definitions(andthus sys$lib_c)con-LOtainsymbolsand definitionsthatcanbe dependentontheMO>OpenVMSversion.(Youwon'tneedtorebuildyourcodeafterJOanOpenVMSupgradeifyouhaveincluded definitionsfromLOSTARLET.Thesamecannotbesaidforsomeofthedefini-NOHtionsinLIB-youmightneedtorebuildyourcode.'(TheUCBMO structurecanandhaschangedfromreleasetorelease,forO instance.)fLORecentversionsofC automaticallysearchsys$starlet_c.tlb.COExplicit specificationof sys$lib_c.tlbis required.gcMOAlsoseetheAskTheWizardwebsitetopics(2486),(3803),Oand(1661):ch9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/iNBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.9.*i|?jW OSeeSection9.5;yfor informationontheCoff_t limitations,GOresolvedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlaterandinECOkitsNO5 availableforspecificOpenVMS releases.)Theuseofalong-TOwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingnativeCI/OtofileROsizesoftwo gigabytesorless,orthese applicationsmustuseAO>nativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecific operations.*jF~?y)JO11.1CHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy'( workstation?KOOna workstation,youwillwanttousethe ``Customize''NOmenuofthesessionmanagerutilityandselect ``Security''.NO^Whenthepop-upboxappears,youcanselectthehostnode,JO username,andtranportthatwillallowyoutolaunchan@O applicationthattargetsthe workstationdisplay.zyQOIfthisdoesnotprovideyouwithaccesstothedisplay,You(Oneeda checklistofsorts:{! A `mJmMakesurethatyou've specifiedthe X-windows ``display''G correctlyontheremotehost.*ForaDECnet transport,Lthe specificationusestwocolons,whiletheTCP/IPtrans-Kwport typicallyusesone.'TheXWindowsserverandtheXKWindowsscreenfollowthehostspecification, delimitedby#(aperiod.'Forexample:!} `IIfyouhaveverifiedthecommandiscorrectandthingsMarestillnotworking,ensuretheSecuritysettingsontheFTOpenVMShostsidewillallowtheincoming connection:HPulldownthe ``Options''menuintheSessionManager,Pandselect``Security...''.)IfyoudonotfindyourhostandB^usernameand transportlistedamongthe authorized6users,youwillneedtoaddanentry.# ~  @YTherearevarious transports available, including?YLOCAL,DECNET,LAT,andTCPIP.YoumustSelectEYMthe transport appropriatetotheincoming connection. 1YIfthe transportis ``DECnet'',do NOTaddthedouble+Y%colon(::)&tothenodename. 8YIfthe transportis ``TCPIP'', "Username"=must beYanasterisk( *,D)./Why?.BecauseunlikeDECnet,@YUtheTCP/IPprotocoldoesnotprovidetheremote?Yusername informationintheincoming connection. -MY-Ifthe connectionis ``TCPIP'',itisbesttouseafull;Ydomainname(e.g.+Node.Subd.Domain).,However,LYyoumayhavetousetheIPaddressitself,ifyourhostGY7doesnothaveawaytoresolvetheaddressviaDNS.JYIfyouhavetheluxuryoffixed addresses(eg:'youare YnotAusingDHCP),thenitcanbehelpfultoaddtwoFY@entriesforeachTCP/IPhost,onethat specifiestheDYhostnameandonethat specifiesthehostaddress. >YTherearevariousTCP/IPpackagesforOpenVMS,FYqandyoumustusesyntax appropriatetothe transportY installed. IEYIIfaTCP/IP connectionisstillnotworking,ensureDYthatthe transportyouwanthasbeen activatedfor%Yusewith DECwindows.'SeeHSection11.141fordetailsof0YR  configuringTCP/IPasa transport. ` C Thereisalogfilecreatedin SYS$MANAGER:whichJ* cantellyouwhich transportsareloaded,andalsotellB youwhatconnectattemptswere rejected, includingG showingwhatthe presented credentialswere.*Thisfile24 is$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_0_ERROR.LOG,E althoughthe0couldbeanothernumberifyouhaveN multipleserversonthe workstation.'IhavefoundthisfileM> tobeveryusefulfortrackingdownwhatneedstobeput7 intheSessionManagerSecurityentries.*~H?* #IO11.2CHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?KOUTocreateadisplayfromanOpenVMShosttoaremoteXIOWindowsdisplay,useoneofthe followingDCL commands:OO2$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=net_transport&/NODE=remote_nodeEOz$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=LAT%/NODE=remote_nodeHO$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=DECnet%/NODE=remote_nodeGO $&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=TCPIP%/NODE=remote_node! nNONotethatLATis typicallyusedonlyfortheVXTseriesXNOWindows terminals,butitcanalsobeusedfromOpenVMStoIO5OpenVMSsystemsonvariousOpenVMS releases,suchasonJOOpenVMSAlphaV6.1andlater.*Fordetailson configuring&OtheTCP/IP transport,seeSection11.14.*?! NLOIfyouare interestedinXWindows terminalsandhaveanLOolder VAXstationsystemaround,pleaseseetheEWSpackageO5onFreewareV5.0.T*:O11.5CWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?SOUFirstchecktoseeifthereisagraphicsdevice,usuallyaG a*IOdevice.*(eg:*OnaDEC2000model300,usethecommandIOSHOWDEVICEGQ)Ifyoudonotfindagraphicsdevice:  `mGmOpenVMShasfailedtofindthe appropriateIRQinfor-DmationforanEISAgraphicscard(ontheDEC2000Gseries)suchastheHP(Compaq)QVision,anddidnotGw autoconfigureit.'RunthecorrectECU(forTru64UNIXDandOpenVMS)andreboot.,Thisis necessaryonlyon( EISA-basedsystems. `FYouhavean EISA-basedsystem(suchastheDEC2000Cmodel300)anddonothaveaHP(Compaq)QVisionHYvideocard.'ThisEISAgraphicscardshouldhaveCompaqJprintedonit,and identifiesitselfasaCPQ3011oraN CPQ3111.(IfitisnotoneofthesetwoEISAdevices,thenHbOpenVMSdoesnotsupportit.)(Therearenoothersup-HportedEISAgraphics controllers,andEISAgraphicsareDnormallyusedwith DECwindowsonlyontheDEC2000lseries systems.) `AYouhavea PCI-basedsystem, anddonothaveaAD supportedgraphicscontroller-examplesof supported/ controllersincludethe following: hYh PowerStorm3D30 Y PowerStorm4D20 fYf PowerStorm300 Y PowerStorm350 eYeELSAGLoriaSynergy Y3DLabsOxygenVX16   WSeedWSection5.168#Wforfurther informationonsomeofthese graphics controllers. `/I/Youhavebootedthesystem minimally,orhave otherwise<disabledthedeviceautoconfigurationprocess.*d?MvLOIfthereisaG F*$graphicsdevicepresent:Q0 r' `mGmTheremayhavebeenasevereerrorinthe DECwindowsEstartup.'TypethecontentsofSYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_B 0_ERROR.LOGforany informationonerrorsstartingwtheserver. `AThesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMisnotsettoEO1.)WhilethiswasacommonwayforsystemmanagersKtodisablethe DECwindowsserverstartup,itisnotpar-J ticularlyreliableas DECwindowscannow ``correct''thisYsetting.! TpCWIfyoureallydonotwantanOpenVMSsystemwithC workstationhardwareto bootstrapand configureit-Hselfasa workstation,addthe following definitiontoaSYLOGICALS.COM:>$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXEC%DECW$IGNORE_WORKSTATION%TRUE `eCeYoumaynothaveavalid DECwindowsMotiflicenseKloaded.'TocheckforthetwomostcommontypesofMotifIproduct authorizationkeys(PAKs),usethe followingDCLo commands:)$&LICENSE%LIST% DW-MOTIF/FULL-;$&LICENSE%LIST%NET-APP-SUP*/FULLFWandexaminethe information displayed.(MakesurethatEoneoftheselicensesispresent,validandactive.L cGWFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductH authorizationkeys(PAKs)whenyoucannotlogintothe(system directly,pleaseseeSection5.6.2. `9CheckthattheDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMOiscorrectforthegraphics controllerinuse.'For instance:*?2 AWThe followingisfromthe9FXVision330Owners>Guide, EK-V330G-OGpg2-9..Placethe following2inDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,cre-?aatibng.COMfrom .TEMPLATEif necessary.,Locate6theDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMfilein<SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR]orinSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]Jkas appropriate;theformerfileisusedforthissystemMwithinaclusterconfiguration,andthelatterisusedforUallsystemsthatdonotalsohavealocalcopyofthisfilein tSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR].-$&DECW$XSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&xvalue-A$&DECW$YSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&yvalue@$& DEFINE/SYSTEM%DECW$SERVER_REFRESH_RATE& rate_in_Hz !WAlsoseeWSection11.11.,WDetailsofthe PowerStorm3D30Iand4D20settingsare availableintheOpenVMSAskTheWizardarea.*? DO11.6CHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?AOUIfyouarecreatinganewDECtermwindow,check8O$&HELP%CREATE& /TERMINAL%/WINDOW_ATTRIBUTESf <TOIfyouwanttochangethetitleofanexistingwindow,usethe/O followingcontrol sequences,where > >T Iesc T >istheANSIescapeSO5code,valuedecimal27,and``textlabel''iswhatyouwanttoOdisplay: NLOTosettheDECtermtitle,sendtheescape character,thenTOthe characters ``]21;'',thenthetextlabelstring,andthenanCO5escape characterfollowedbya backslash character. NNOTosettheiconlabel,sendtheescape character,thentheOO characters ``]2L;'',thentheiconlabelstring,andthenanCO5escape characterfollowedbya backslash character. RNOTosetboththeDECtermtitleandicontothefulldevice>Oname,youcanusethe followingDCL commands:Oa$Kesc[0,7]%=&27QO$K fulldevnam&=%5F$Edit(F$GetDVI("TT","FULLDEVNAM"),"UPCASE,COLLAPSE")KO$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]21;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\"KO9$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]2L;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\" lROYoucanalsochangethetitleandtheiconusingtheOptions-O Window...'menu.yOOAlsosee}Section12.1 <andSection8.11.*}F?*F?~ E AO11.10CWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?POUThisislikelyaresultof receivinganOPCOMorothercon-POsolemessageonasystemthatsharesthesystemconsolewith:Othe DECwindowsgraphics workstationdisplay.! NEOYoucantoggleofftheconsoledisplaywindowusing C@ ETCTRL/F2 ET @8OandyoucanenableaserialconsoleperSection14.3.6 orO5Section 14.3.3.3.*??*O?*| W|GOAlsoseetheconsolemessagewindow applicationavail-=Oablewithrecent DECwindowsversions-DECwindowsFO5versionsV1.2-3andlaterwillenablethiswindowbyEOdefault.1Fordetailsonthisconsolemessagewindow,6Osee the DECW$CONSOLE_SELECTIONoption in7O>-SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE.QOOnolder releases,youcandisableoutputusingthe following:7O$&SET%TERMINAL/PERMANENT/NOBROADCAST%OPA0:,OP$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLEwOAlso seeSection 14.3.3.2,Section14.19,andAlso seeOSection8.3,*F!?)*F?*O|?dvFEO13.1CWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor'(OpenVMS? `?Detailsonmany commercialOpenVMSproductsare3- availableinthecataloglocatedat:c 9 h.Yh$http://www.compaq.com/csa/directory/ `>AnOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMis distributedwithD@OpenVMS,andisalso available separately (QA-6KZAA-AH8).'ThecontentsoftheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM2mediaarealso availableonlineat: h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ !Yftp://ftp.montagar.com/ f)Yfftp://mvb.saic.com/freewarev40/ !MWandatvariousothersites.'Thewebsitealsoincludesvar-Diousupdatesandnewpackagesthatbecome available:aftertheCD-ROM distributionsarecreated.p pFFW SubmissionstotheOpenVMSFreewarecanbemadevia:e; h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/qG@WToacquiretheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribu-Etion,youcanorderanOpenVMS distributionfromHPC(theFreewareis included)(seetheOpenVMSSPDforIapart numbers),oryoucan specificallyorderaFreeware6 distributionfromHPunderpartnumber:J   hYh QA-6KZAA-H8!! DWTheFreewareCD-ROMsetcontainsalarge assortmentSof freeware,andisagoodstartingpointiflookingforutil-Lities.)ManyofthepackageslistedbelowarealsoontheDaFreewareCD.Someofthemost oft-requestedOpenVMSEtoolsontheFreewareCDincludeZIPandUNZIPandBGZIP(pleaseseeSOFT14),MMK(make),PINE,PERL,<kTAR,UUENCODEand UUDECODE.Manyothertools,are availableonthe Freeware. `B8BTheUUENCODEandUUDECODEtoolsandvar-Hiousothertoolsarealso availableaspartofTCP/IP@Servicespackage.+(UsetheDCLcommand procedure/L%SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COMK availableonV5.0andlatertosetupthe necessaryDCLHforeigncommandsymbolsusedfortheseandforvarious8VothertoolsprovidedbyTCP/IP Services.) `=OpenVMSsoftware (formerlyatWesternKentuckyG. University(WKU)isnow availableviaMadgoatandvia&ProcessSoftware archives:" h3Yh)http://www.process.com/openvms/index.html !Yhttp://www.madgoat.com/ `fDfTheFILESERVpackagesarealso availableviaanony-mousFTPfrom:# } h-Yh#ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/ 7Yftp.process.com,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. fFYfftp.vms.stacken.kth.se,under[.MIRRORS.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. 9Yftp.ctrl-c.liu.se,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. eYeftp.riken.go.jp =Yftp.vsm.com.au,underkitsandkits/decwindows. d;Ydftp.vsm.com.au,viatheWWWinsteadofFTP.$ R@WThepackagesarealso availableviae-mailfrom:FILESERV@PROCESS.COM.SendthecommandsHELPMandDIRALLinthebodyofamailmessagetothisemailIaaddressforfurther informationon retrievingthefiles. `GArneVajhjoperatesanOpenVMSwebsite,withsoftware$9andother pointers,at: % h&Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `AJouk maintainsasummaryofvarious public-domainJ@and open-sourcesoftwareports,and specificallyportsof/packagesforuseonOpenVMS,at:& h/Yh%http://nchrem.tnw.tudelft.nl/openvms/ `BTheKermitfiletransferpackageis availableat:' h)Yhhttp://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ $Yftp://kermit.columbia.edu/ `f$fZMODEMis availableat:^(4 h)Yhftp://ftp.cs.pdx.edu/pub/zmodem)[\LWSeetheFILESfileinthat directoryforfurtherdetails.DNotethatthisfreewareversionofZMODEMwillin-F teroperateonlywithZMODEMsoftwarethatislicensedFafromOmen Technology.*(Thispackageisalso available9onvariousoftheFreewaredistributions.) `9C9AgoodsourceofsoftwareforOpenVMSsystemsandGforvariousother platformsisthe Encompass (formerlyGknownasDECUS)library.(Onlinecatalogsare available+Baswellassomesoftwarevia*W hYhftp://ftp.decus.org $Ygopher://gopher.decus.org/ fYfhttp://www.decus.org/ `ADECUSSIGTape collectionsare availableonMark> Berryman'ssystem,+ hYhftp://mvb.saic.com/ `7DavidJones'sDECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER>@ World-WideWebserverforOpenVMS,oftenknown"astheOSU webserver:,@ Y hAYh7http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html `@5@SecureShell(SSH)ServerforOpenVMS:o-E h:Yh0http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/~JONESD/ssh/DOC/e.p;;WSecureShell(SSH)FISHClientforOpenVMS:Z/0 h%Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/0!FWSSHV2supportisincludedwithTCP/IPServicesV5.4Handlater,andsupportislikelyalso availablewithin- available third-partyIPstacks.1zHWFor informationontheSSHkeyfileconfiguration,seeEtopic151.22and followingintheVMSnotesconfer-FenceontheDeathrowCluster(deathrow.vistech.netandaopenvms-rocks.com).e2p;;W InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)forOpenVMS:]33 h(Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/openssl/Z40 h%Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/5\CW InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)andOSUWebserverinteroperation:g6= h2Yh(http://www.ourservers.net/openvms_ports/7CWOpenSSLisincludedwithOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater. `; DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3includesNCSAMosaicE/2.4builtforTCP/IPServices(UCX).V1.2-4includes@SpyglassEnhancedMosaic,whichsupportsmanyofCtheNetscape enhancements.+VersionsoftheNetscapeB9 Navigatorand particularlytheMozillaWebBrowserBarealso availableforOpenVMS.TheCompaqSecureFWebBrowser(CSWB)kitisapackagedversionofthe-B Mozilla.orgMozillaWebBrowser. `FAportoftheNCSAMosaicwebbrowserthatsupports@TCP/IP Services,MultinetandSOCKETSHR/NETLIBiss availablefrom:]83 h(Yhftp://wvnvms.wvnet.edu/mosaic/9KWVersionsoftheMosaicwebbrowserarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/A/Lynx(acharacter-cellWorld-Wide-Webwebbrowser)is availablefrom_:5 h*Yh ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx ;JWVersionsofLynx,acharacter-cellwebbrowser,arealso0 availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `/D/TheNetscape NavigatorandMozillawebbrowsersare availableat:<  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html !Yhttp://www.mozilla.org/ `fAfPGP(Phil Zimmerman's``PrettyGood Privacy'')isJ availablefromvarious distributionsites, includingthoseClistedinthePGPFAQ. InformationonPGPandonEpOpenVMS downloadsofPGPis available.'RelevantURLsinclude:= hYhhttp://www.ipgpp.org/ -Y#http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html fYfhttp://www.pgpi.com/ 1Y'http://www.yrl.co.uk/~phil/pds/pds.html>o hYhhttp://www.nai.com/ `<GNUPrivacyGuard(GPG,GnuPG)is available.? !DWSearchthe comp.os.vms newsgrouparchivesforinfor-Fmation regardingGnuPG;thesourcecode,binariesforKvarious platforms,and documentationareall availableat:T@* hYhhttp://www.gnupg.org/A^AWTheOpenVMSsourcecodeandOpenVMSAlphaimagescanbefoundat:B h:Yh0http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/openvms/ 4Y*ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/mathog/CRZDWAsofthiswriting,theportonlyrunsonOpenVMSHAlpha,butan investigationofanOpenVMSVAXportis+ reportedlyunderconsideration. `CAnarchiveoftheCENA DECwindows,XWindows,andEVMSsoftwarepackagescanbefoundatthe following9sites:CD~ h"Yhhttp://decwarch.free.fr/ (Yftp://ftp2.cnam.fr/decwindows/ f-Yf#ftp://ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se/decwindows/ :Y0ftp://ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se/mirrors/decwindows/ e1Ye'http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/~ETBWOtherFTPmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveinclude:FZ h#Yh axp.psl.ku.dk (Multinet) !Y ftp2.cnam.fr (MadGoat)G!IW ftp.x.org(in /contrib/vms)is effectivelynotamirror,DbutitdoeshavevariousOpenVMSpackagesfromthe DECwindowsarchive.H! jNWAlistofthehttpmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveis availableat:xI N hCYh9http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/wwwar/cena/decwindows/cena.html!JEWVariousofthesepackagesarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/C/ ImageMagickisanX11packagefordisplayandin-F teractive manipulationofimages.)ThepackageincludesItoolsforimage conversion, annotation, compositing,ani-C9mation,andcreating montages.) ImageMagickcanreadIandwritemanyofthemorepopularimageformats(e.g.6JPEG,TIFF,PNM,XPM,PhotoCD,etc.).ZK0 h%Yhhttp://www.imagemagick.org/LAWVersionsof ImageMagickarealsoincludedonthe Freeware. `/K/XVisaimageviewingandeditingtoolandis availablefrom:M m h(Yhftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv !Yhttp://www.sanface.com/ f3Yf)ftp://www-pi.physics.uiowa.edu/~dyson/xv/ `CManysoftwarepackagesare availablefor displayingJ>variousbitmapfiles(.JPG,.GIF,.BMP,etc)onOpenVMS.C Xloadimage,Xli,Xv, ImageMagickarethemostcom-CmontoolsusedunderOpenVMS.VariouswebbrowsersMHsuchasMozilla(qv)canalsodisplayvariousfileformatsGonOpenVMS.Youcanfindsomeofthesetoolsatthe DECwindowsArchive:KN[ 1! h;Yh1http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/index.html QpWAlsosee:RY h,Yh"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gnu/ `BXPDF,a DECwindowsviewerforPDF(AdobeAcrobat)&@files,is availablefrom:[S1 h&Yhhttp://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/T hLWSoftwareand installationkitsforXPDFarealso availableonthe Freeware.U zCWBeware:'theXPDFtoolincludedonOpenVMSFreewareKV4.0isdated,andhasbeenfoundtohavevariousbugs.DUsetheFreewareV5.0versionoftheXPDFkit,ora(better)later.V JWA Java-basedPDFvieweris availablefromAdobe,andisCknowntooperateonrecentOpenVMSAlpha releases:WY hYhhttp://www.adobe.com/ `=VariousOpenVMS-related tools-bothfreewareand?@shareware-suchas txt2pdf-are availablefromat:XY h!Yhhttp://www.sanface.com/ `GTheMPEGlibraryversion1.1is availableforOpenVMS@VAXandAlphaatY h;Yh1ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.readme 8Y.ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.zipZ RfIWVariousMPEGplayersandrelatedtoolsare availableonthe Freeware. `/G/AnArchiecloneis availableatINFO.CS.PUB.RO.TelnetItothatmachine,andloginasVMSARCI.ItcontainsnowNlistingsforover30ftpserverswithover14 gigabytesof9OpenVMS software.\[! 2CWThemostusefulcommandsareLIST,which generatesIalistofscannedftpservers,andFINDstring,whichsPlooksforafile containing"string"inthename;thesearchMamodesareonly "substring" [default]and"exact",andregexHsearchisnot supported(soFINDEMACSwillwork,butFIND *EMACS *RorFIND *EMACS * . **lwillnot).,The'ksearchiscase-insensitive.O\! %JWThe maintainerofthesite(stfp@roipb.cs.ipb.ro)requestsEthatanyonesubmit notificationsofFTPserverswithCOpenvMSsoftwarethatarenotlistedonthesite. `HTheLevitte (extended:-)Family(andOpenVMS)website:]!  h!Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/ &Yhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `fFfRobertAlanByer'sOpenVMSHobbyistSystems, includingAOpenVMSpublicdomainsoftwareandvariousports:^` h$Yhhttp://www.ourservers.net/ `&CalTechSoftware Archives:_Y h9Yh/http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/AAA_Y CONTENTS.TXT `@6@DJESystemsWebsite(DavidJ. Dachtera)`Z h-Yh#http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/ `WebServers:aY>WApacheWebserver(HPSecureWebServer(SWS,formerlyCSWS)):b Y hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html =Y3http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/~jonesd/apache/1_Y@3_9/qcpGGWTheSOAPToolkitis availableattheOpenVMSwebsite.DdpWOSUWebservere  hCYh9http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html 'Yhttp://www.kjsl.com/archives/ f7Yfemaillist:'VMS-WEB-daemon-Request@KJSL.COMEfpWWASDWebserver[g1 h&Yhhttp://wasd.vsm.com.au/wasd/Jhp  WPurveyorWebserver:i hJYhemaillist:(listserv@cjis.ci.lincoln.ne.us,nosubject,one-Ylinemessage:' SUBSCRIBEPURVEYOR[jp11WFastCGIsoftwareis availablefrom:k h+Yh!http://www.DigitalSynergyInc.com/ `FCD-R(CD-Recordable)mediatoolsare available,please @seeX@Section9.7. `.Grace(WYSIWYG2Dplottingtool)*kX|?El1 h2Yh(http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ `DThePOV-Ray ("PersistanceofVision" Raytracer)ray-E@tracinggraphicspackageis availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `, Majordomomailinglisthandler:m  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@C@PINE(OpenVMStoolsforsendingand receivingMIMEmail):n h0Yh&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/popFFWAMIMEtoolis availableinOpenVMSV7.2andlater.pZGWAlsoseethemmencodebase64encodeanddecodeavail-ableat:q h7Yh-http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/htbin/software_Ylist.cgi `@=@ Menufinder (menu-drivensystem managementenvi- ronment):r  h.Yh$http://www.itre.com/mf/download.html `@ SYSLOGCLIENT(aclientfor processingSYSLOGre-G@quests)hasbeenprovidedfordownloadbyMarkHemker at:so h4Yh*http://home.insightbb.com/~hemker/vms.html `%tcgmsg,pvm,mpi,linda:t+  h=Yh3ftp://v36.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/tcgmsg_vms/tcgmsg_Yvms.zip `@>@OpenVMSsoftwarethatcancontrola Tripp-LiteEUninterruptablePowerSupply(UPS)is availablefrom:vu; L hAYh7http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/TCONTROL.ZIPv]CWUPShot web-basedsoftwarefor controllingaUPSis availablefrom:cw9 h.Yh$http://www.tmesis.com/apc/beta.htmlxxzDWOpenVMSsoftwarefor controllingLiebertUPSdevices6are availablefromtheLiebertwebsite:y! Y h/Yh%http://www.liebert.com/apc/beta.htmlx `EExamplesofusingtheOpenVMSForeignMAIL interface@are availableat:&z  hHYh>http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/foreignmail.zip 9Y/http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/nbl/nbl.zip `fEfFortoolstomanageortosearchyourOpenVMSMAILfile,see:y{` bO hGYh=http://vms.process.com/scripts/fileserv/fileserv.com?MLSEARCH `@E@AscToHTMattemptstoconvertanyplaintextfiletoIHTML,whileAscToTab restrictsitselftofilesthatareGplaintexttables./ (VersionsarealsoavailabeontheIOpenVMS Freeware).s|! 1I h4Yh*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctohtm/index.html 4Y*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctotab/index.html `fGf InformationontheSAMBApackage,apackagethatpro-Dvides SMB-based MicrosoftWindowsPCdiskandprint5servicesforOpenVMS,is availableat:} h@Yh6http://ifn03.ifn.ing.tu-bs.de/ifn/sonst/samba-vms.html Yhttp://www.samba.org/ f0Yf&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ ~! IWTo subscribetothe SAMBA-VMSmailingliste-maillist-Fproc@samba.orgwithnosubjectlineandthe following!singlelineoftext:0 subscribe% samba-vms&Your%Full%Name>pWAlsosee: h!Yhhttp://lists.samba.org/ `@ThePerllanguageis availableforOpenVMS,see@Section13.11@fordetails. `+XMLis availableforOpenVMS.*?spIIWSourcecodeofanXMLParseris availablefromOracle.>pWAlsosee:b8 h-Yh#http://www.python.org/sigs/xml-sig/! HEWAnXMLparseris availableaspartofOpenVMSV7.3andlater. `/K/Pythonkit,and resource,and documentationsitesinclude:  h6Yh,http://www.pi-net.dyndns.org/anonymous/kits/ &Yhttp://vmspython.dyndns.org/ f Yfhttp://www.python.org/ `7GTK+(TheGIMPGUITookit)forOpenVMS:?  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@G@TheOpenVMSPortingLibrarynow available,andisin-LtendedtopermiteasierportingofCandC++ applications+fromUNIXsystemstoOpenVMS:v L hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html}S#WGTKisalso available. `%Mlucas (specializedFFT): h2Yh(ftp://hogranch.com/pub/mayer/README.html `KToolstomonitorthe terminalsandtheactivityofotherD@OpenVMSusers(inadditiontoexistingauditingca-C pabilitiesinOpenVMS)are available.-PeekandSpyD (Networking Dynamics)andContrl(Raxco)aretwoofFIthe commercial packages,whilethefreeware Supervisor3packageis availableonOpenVMSVAX. h,Yh"http://www.networkingdynamics.com/ Yhttp://www.raxco.com/ `ffPythonforOpenVMS:U+ h Yhhttp://www.python.org/a,WAlsoseetheOpenVMS Freeware. `*VariouspackagesforOpenVMS:  h>Yh4http://richj.home.mindspring.com/richware/index.html :Y0http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/links/cool_vax_Y@vms.html `?TSM (TerminalServerManager)is availablevia:& a h9Yh/http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_(Yarchive/servers/tsm/index.html @NY@LookatFreewareV5.0at&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ @YBeware:)TheTSMsavesetshippedontheFreewareDYV5.0diskmediaisknowntobe corrupted.)DownloadCYpanewcopyofthesavesetfromtheFreewareV5.0>YFTPserverorfromtheFreewareV5.0website. `HHTCLforOpenVMS:B 1 h6Yh,ftp://sapodilla.rsmas.miami.edu/pub/VMS-tcl/ `Jmake,gmake,mmkandotherbuildtoolsare availableon@the Freeware. `GAnOpenVMSportoftheht://Digwebsearchengineis availableat:u h'Yhftp://ftp.pdv-systeme.de/vms/ `8AmySQLdatabaseclientis availableat: h3Yh)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-,Y"3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.zip @3Y@)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-/Y%3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.readme !FWFor additional informationrelatedtothemySQLport,Cpleasesearchthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.+AGMySQLportisalso availableontheOpenVMS Freeware.X . h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `LIfyouneedtochangethefile modificationdateandareO@lookingforautilitysuchastheUNIXtouchtool,lookatCDFUontheOpenVMSFreeware(DFUSETor simular),9oruseanexistingDCLcommandssuchas:Bv$&SET%&FILE/PROTECT=(current_protection_mask)%[...]*.* `DAtablelisting translationsbetweenUNIXshellandBMOpenVMSDCLcommandswaspostedto comp.os.vmsbyF ChristopherSmithsometimeago.*Thispageshouldbe< availablefromthegoogle newsgroup archives. `~E~TheUNIXtouchtoolis availableviavariousmeans:,$&RENAME%filename.ext;version%*t J h?Yh5http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/TOUCHx<WMadGoatFILEtool(seetheMadGoat archives) `1use/REVISION_DATEor/CREATION_DATEa77OTheDFUtool(seetheOpenVMS Freeware)OThepair:?O$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)HOP$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)&/delete O$&SET%FILE/VERSION=0OThe followinghack:-O$!pCommand% procedure& SETDATE.COM OP$!>O$!pChanges%the&DATES&for%an%input%file&to&a#O$!pfile%named%OUTFILE. O($!&Op $assign/nolog&'p1'%outfile0O$convert/fdl=sys$input&'p1'%outfile:OdateOHcreationp 01-apr-2010!O expiration& 01-Apr-2012Orevisionp 01-Apr-2011O backup Oh...c99OThe followingRMSsystemservice sequence: `mDm sys$open( ),withtheXABRDTXAB structurechained. `>setthedesiredvalueswithintheXABRDTXAB. `ll sys$close( )pFFOVariousOpenVMStoolsand utilitiesare availableat:e; `m0m&http://wwwvms.mppmu.mpg.de/vmssig/src/pHOOpenVMSportsofthexmcdandMPlayertoolshavealso(Obeenreportedas available.  6  ?O13.4CWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?KOU Mozilla.orgisanopensource organization providingHTML-ROrelatedtools;softwarethatisthebasisforvarious utilities0O includingtheMozillawebbrowser.! WHOOpenVMS Engineeringis continuouslyporting Mozilla.org'sKOwebbrowsertoOpenVMS,andOpenVMSportsofthecurrentKO5Mozilla baselevelsandreleasesare available.(TheOpenVMSNOMozillaportincludesthewebbrowser,themailclient,theEOComposerHTMLeditor,anIRCchatclient,anetnews6O>(NNTP)reader,andvariousothertools. NJOTheMozillawebbrowserdownloadandthe developmentandPOrelease schedulesforthisandforotherMozilla-relatedtoolsO5are availableat:V, `m!mhttp://www.mozilla.org/JOThe availableCompaqSecureWebBrowser(CSWB)kitisasorsystemsis generallyviewedas inadequate,thisduetoROthe extensiveuseofanAlpha instructionsubsetthatisfirstAO availablewiththeEV56microprocessor generation.c99OMozillaisnot availableforOpenVMSVAX.yLOVariousversionsoftheNetscape Navigatorwebbrowserare-ObasedontheMozilla code-base.! NOSeesectionSection13.95for informationonvarious certificatesKOfortheNetscape NavigatorV3.03webbrowser; certificates)O5thathave presentlyexpired.*F?OYHO13.12C Obtainingthe DECmigrate(AESTorVEST,andTIE)R( translator?FOThe DECmigrateimage translationfamilyprovidestoolsFOthat translateOpenVMSVAXimagesforuseonOpenVMSDO^Alpha,andOpenVMSAlphaimagesforuseonOpenVMS,OI64,Detailsare availableat:z& P `mEm;http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/products/omsva/omsva.html ahDOVESTisthename sometimesgiventothe DECmigrateNO translationtoolforVAXimages,AESTisthenamegiventoKO5theAlpha translationtools,andTIEnamesthe DECmigrateIOrun-time environmentwithinOpenVMS.(Ifyou'veeverno-JOticedimageswith filenamesendingwith_TVandwonderedQO>whatthismeant,theseimagesarepartofTIE.)Andyes,youJOcanuseAESTto re-translateimagesthatwere translatedMOusingVEST;youcanperformasecond translationofaVAXOHimage.R (OPleaseseeSection7.4 candSection13.14 forrelatedinforma-POtion.+PleaseseethewebsiteforthemostcurrentdetailsonOO5 availabilityandplansandstatusof translationsforOpenVMSOI64 platforms.*F|?I*F?*! AO14.1CWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,'(Alpha,andIA-64?KOIntermsof software,veryfew.+AsofOpenVMSV6.1,thePOVAXandAlpha platformsareverycloseto ``feature parity''.OO^OpenVMSonIA-64isexpectedtohave ``featureparity''withMOOpenVMSAlpha,andisbasedonthesamesourcepool.(MostOO applicationscanjustbe recompiledandrun.&Some differencesOhtobeawareof:!  `mEmThedefaultdouble-precisionfloatingtypeonOpenVMSIAlphaisVAXG_float,whereasonVAXitisusuallyD_Ofloat.'D_floatis availableonAlpha,butD_floatvaluesareIw convertedtoG_floatfor computationsandthen convertedGbacktoD_floatwhenstored.*BecausetheG_floattypeK(hasthreefewerfractionbitsthanD_float,someapplica-Mtionsmayget differentresults.(IEEEfloattypesarealso( availableonOpenVMSAlpha. `YHYThe preferredfloatingpointformatonAlphaandIA-64isIEEE. `0G0Data alignmentis extremely importantforbestperfor-GmanceonAlpha.)ThismeansthatdataitemsshouldbeK allocatedat addresseswhichareexact multiplesoftheirF:sizes.,Quadword alignmentwillofferthebestperfor-Imance, especiallyfor charactervaluesandthosesmallerGthan32bits., Compilerswill naturallyalign variablesHDwheretheycanandwillissuewarningsiftheydetect! unaligneddataitems. `DHPCistheonlyCcompilerHPoffersonOpenVMSItAlpha,andisadirect descendantofCompaqCandDECBConOpenVMSAlpha.+HPCis compatiblewithDECB%ConOpenVMSVAX,butissomewhat differentfromJ~theolderVAXCcompilermostpeoplearefamiliarwith.:Readuponthe /EXTERN_MODELand /STANDARDH/  qualifierstoavoidthemostcommon problems.)Inaddi-K tontoHPC,thereare open-sourceportssuchasGnuC"  availableforOpenVMS. `_ M_ ThepagesizeonAlphaandIA-64systemsis variable,butQ isatleast8 kilobytes.'Thiscanhavesomeeffectonappli-F cationswhichusethe$CRMPSCsystemserviceaswellHi asonthedisplayof availablememorypages.*Thepage= sizeis availablefrom$GETSYI(SYI$_PAGE_SIZE).. GOTherearealsoanumberofmanualswhichdiscussmi-HOgrationtoOpenVMSAlpha availableonthe documentationJO5CD-ROMmedia,bothinthemain documentationandinthe+Oarchived documentationsection.NEOOnmorerecentOpenVMSAlpha versions,OpenVMSAlphaIOhasbeguntoaddfeaturesandsupportnot availableonFO5OpenVMSVAX.Salientnewareasincludethe following:B `mBm64-bit addressinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater `F Multi-hostSCSIsupport(SCSITCQ)inV6.2andlater `l,lPCIsupport(platform-dependent) `8OpenVMSGalaxysupportinV7.2andlaterYOPleaseseeSection14.4.5+forIntelItanium terminology.*F?}h+BO14.3CConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?IOUThissectioncontains informationonVAXandAlphacon-OOsoles,anddetailsrelatedtoconsole commands,seriallines,'Oand configuration settings.  EO14.3.1CWhatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMg(console?HOInadditiontothenormalBOOTcommandsandsuch(seeOSection14.3.5.2=forsomedetails)andthenormalcontentsofPO=theconsoleHELPtext, operationssuchasI/O redirectionandMOfloppydiskaccessarepossibleattheSRMconsoleprompt:* O?;!7hOOm1.JFormataFATfloppy,andinsertitintothe AlphaStationfloppydrive.HOE2.JPerformthe followingat AlphaStationSRMConsole:"D>>>%show%*&>%env.dat&D>>>%show%conf&>%conf.dat0DZ>>>%cat&env.dat%>%fat:env.dat/dva02D>>>%cat&conf.dat&>%fat:conf.dat/dva0HO!3.JYoumayusetheSRM``ls''commandtodisplaythe$zcontentsofthefloppy.#D>>>%ls%fat:env.dat/dva0$DG>>>%ls%fat:conf.dat/dva0KO4.JYoucannowtransferthe FAT-formatfloppytoanothersystem.$"! using availableAlpha instructionsandusingtheAlphapro-LOcessor,thoughPALcodeoperatesinamodewhich simplifiesLO programming.'PALcodeisalso permittedaccessto processor-POHspecificand otherwiseinternalfeaturesofa particularAlphaHOmicroprocessorimplementation;microprocessor-specificfea-OOtureswhicharenoteasily accessableto operatingsystemorOR applicationcode.g$ V=DO14.3.3CAlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleseriallineg( information?IOThissectioncontains informationontheAlphaCOMcom-QO municationports,andrelated settings,aswellasontheVAXIO=consolebulkheadandVAXconsoleserialline connection.~% LTUO14.3.3.1BWhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?HO)COM2isnormallyTTA0:.)COM1isnormallyTTB0:)iftheKOAlpha workstationisbootedwiththeSRMconsoleenviron-ROmentvariablesetto graphics,andisOPA0:)iftheconsoleisO3settoserial.&HOOntheDEC2000series (sometimes incorrectlyknownbyKOthenameofthesystemassoldfor MicrosoftWindowsNTGO5Alpha;astheDECpc150AXPseries)onolderOpenVMSFOAlpha releases,COM1throughCOM4areknownasOPA0:FOthroughOPA3:.-OnallcurrentOpenVMS releases,theseLO>portsareservicedbytheterminaldriverandnotbythe$OconsoleOPDRIVERdriver.' oIOOftentheeasiestwayto determinetheOpenVMSterminalTOnameassignedtotheportistoconnecta terminal,loginin-GO5 teractively,andlookattheoutputofSHOW TERMINAL.LO(DevicenamescanvarybyOpenVMSversion,aswellasby?OtheSRMconsole environmentvariable selection.)( NNOForserialconsolehardwareandrelated information,andfor;Opin-outsandrelated information,pleaseseeSection14.3 MandO5Section14.27.*(?*(O?-) SO14.3.3.2BWhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?LO)Justtokeeplife interesting,theMicroVAX3100hassomeRO``interesting''consoleports behavioursbasedonthesettingofKOtheBREAKenableswitch.)WhentheconsoleisnotenabledHO3torespondtoBREAK,MMJ-1istheconsoleport.*MMJ-3POwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsoftheselftestinpar-KOallelwithMMJ-1.*WhentheconsoleisenabledtorespondEO<toBREAK,MMJ-3becomestheconsoleport,andMMJ-1UOwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsofselftestinparallelwithOMMJ-3.*TO14.3.3.3BHowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?GO)Most VAXstationseriessystemsandafewAlphaseriesNOsystemshaveaswitch-mostoftenlabeledS3,largelyforQO historical reasons-thatenablesoneoftheseriallinesastheOO3systemconsoledevice;asOPA0:.(ThisdisablesconsoleoutputPOtothegraphicsdisplay.*(Forarelated behaviour,pleaseseeOSection11.10.)**O?+ qPOAll VAXstation3100seriessystemsprovideaS3slideswitch,KOthoughtheoldestmaybemissingthecut-outthroughtheQO5 enclosurethatprovidesaccesstotheswitch.(TheslideswitchPOislocatednearthe diagnosticLEDdisplay.)(Theslideswitch5Ois accessablewiththecover removed.),! NLOVariousmembersoftheDEC3000seriesAlphasystemsalsoSOhaveasimilarly-labledS3switchfor selectionofthe alternateO5console.- }MOThe particularportthatbecomestheconsolecanvary.)TheGOprinterMMJ connectionisusedonall VAXstation3100LO5series.-On VAXstationII,theconsoleDB9isused,ratherOOthanthegraphicsdisplay.'Onmost(all?)( AlphaStationseriesNOsystems, typicallytheCOM1serialportbecomestheconsole..NOAlsoseeSection14.3.6,Section11.10, and=Section14.19.:OBewarethetwo differentDB9 pin-outs;seeSection14.28 O5forrelateddetails.*.F??*.F?*.=F?*.?5/LOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductau-1O thorizationkeys(PAKs),pleasesee@Section5.6.2.*/@?0LO14.3.3.4BPleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXIIGO)TheMicroVAX-seriesconsolebulkhead interfacewasusedMOwiththeKA630,aswellaswiththeKA650andKA655pro-Ocessors./1LOTherearethreecontrolsontheconsolebulkheadoftheseOsystems:3aTriangle-in-circle-paddle:&halt%enable.!dot-in-circle:%halt%( w yM break yM )&is&enabled,'and& auto-boot%is% disabled.%Fdot-not-in-circle:&halt%(   MC break xM \zF)%is% disabled,&and& auto-boot%is%enabled.@Three-position-rotary:%power-up% bootstrap& behaviour$Darrow:&normal% operation.)face:%language%inquiry%mode.2 t-in-circle:&infinite& self-test%loop.@=Eight-position-rotary:%console%baud&rate% selectionAselect&the%required%baud&rate;&read%at% power-up.2 IOThereareseveral different bulkheads involved, includingJOonefortheBA23andBA123 enclosures,andonefortheKO5S-box(BA2xx)series enclosure.)Theconsole bulkheadstyp-LOicallyusedeithertheMMJserialline connection,ortheMOMicroVAXDB9(notthePCDB9 pin-out),pleaseseethede-PO> scriptionsoftheseinsectionWIRES1.'For available adapters, OseeSection14.28.*2Z?5p3! FQOAlsopresentontheconsolebulkheadisa self-test indicator:MOa single-digitLEDdisplay.+ThismatchesthefinalpartofLO5the countdown displayedontheconsoleor workstation,andQOcanbeusedbyaservice organizationto determinethenatureJOofa processorproblem.)The particular countdownsequenceKO>variesby processortype,consultthehardwareorowner'sOOmanualforthe processor,orcontactthelocalhardwareser-POvice organizationfor informationthe self-testsequenceforaOOH particular processormodule.)Notethat self-tests2,1and0OOare associatedwiththetransferofcontrolfromtheconsole9Oprogramtothe (booting) operatingsystem.4! DO14.3.4CWhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?PO4Alphasystemshaveavarietyof variableswithvaluessetupKOwithintheSRMsystemconsole.'These environment variablesMOcontrolthe particular behaviouroftheconsoleprogramandKO=thesystem hardware,the particularconsole interfacepre-QOsentedtothe operatingsystem,variousdefaultvaluesfortheKO operatingsystem bootstrap,andrelatedcontrol mechanisms-OOGinotherwords,``the environment variablesprovideaneasilyJO extensible mechanismformanagingcomplexconsolestate.''/5NOThespecific environment variablesdifferbyplatformandbyOOfirmware version-thebaselinesetis establishedbytheAlphaO5 Architecture:GO AUTO_ACTION%("BOOT",%"HALT",& "RESTART",%any&other&valueGOassumed&to&be&HALT),J BOOT_DEV,& BOOTDEF_DEV,% BOOTED_DEV,BOI BOOT_FILE,& BOOTED_FILE,% BOOT_OSFLAGS,&BOOTED_OSFLAGS,FO BOOT_RESET&("ON",%"OFF"),& DUMP_DEV,% ENABLE_AUDIT%("ON",;O"OFF"),&LICENSE,& CHAR_SET,% LANGUAGE,%TTY_DEV.6! iCOOpenVMSGalaxyfirmwarecanaddconsole environment involved,andnotdirectly available.8>O14.3.5CWhatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?IO4BothVAXandAlphaprimary bootstrapssupportflagval-FOues;a mechanismwhichpermitsthesystemmanagertoMOperformspecificcustomizationsor site-specific debuggingofHO=theOpenVMSsystem bootstrap.+Whileverysimilar,thereMOare differencesamongthebootflagimplementationsforthe!Ovariousarchitectures.g9U=AO14.3.5.1BWhataretheI64IPBbootflagvalues?FO)TheOpenVMSI64primary bootstrapflagsare processedIOwithintheIA-64primary bootstrapimageIPB.EXE;withinFOthe SYS$EFI.SYS structures.-Theprimary bootstrapbootLO3flagsarelargelyparalleltothoseofOpenVMSAlpha(seeOSection 14.3.5.2,9thoughtheconsoleandtheconsolemecha-OOnismsusedtospecifythebootcommand,thebootflags,and7O<bootcommandoptionsdodiffer markedly.*9ON?;: AOWhenyouregisteranEFIbootalias(pleasesee Section14.4.5QOforIntelItanium terminology),youwillbeaskedifyouwantRO5toenterbootoptions,andwhattype.*ToaddbootflagstoaPObootalias,selectUnicodeasthebootoptionstype,anden-LOteranSRM-likeoptionsstring,suchastheconversational;O> bootstrapselectedbythe followingexample:O-fl%0,1*: F?;,  qCO14.3.5.2BWhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues?JO)The followingflagsarepassed(viaregisterR5)totheDOOpenVMSAlphaprimary bootstrapimageAPB.EXE.TheseIOflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofthe bootstrap:O_BOOT&-FL% root,flags bit description= ,---p.----------------------------------------------,/0CONVConversational% bootstrap4/1DEBUGLoad&SYSTEM_DEBUG.EXE%(XDELTA)Y/%2INIBPTStop&at&initial%system& breakpoints&if&bit%1&set% (EXEC_INIT)?/m3DIAG Diagnostic& bootstrap%(loads% diagboot.exe)J/4BOOBPTStop&at& bootstrap% breakpoints%(APB&and%Sysboot)O/5NOHEADERK Secondary% bootstrap&does%not&have%an%image%header*/D6NOTESTInhibit&memory%test=/7SOLICITpPrompt%for& secondary% bootstrap%fileC/8HALTHalt&before%transfer%to% secondary% bootstrap,/9SHADOWBoot&from%shadow&set/d10pISL_dLAD/LAST% bootstrap6/11pPALCHECKDisable%PAL&rev%check%haltH/12p DEBUG_BOOTKTransfer&to& intermediate%primary& bootstrap/<13pCRDFAIL<Mark%CRD%pages%badI/14p ALIGN_FAULTSJReport& unaligned%data&traps&in& bootstrapF/15p REM_DEBUGpAllow&remote% high-level&language&debuggerF/16pDBG_INITEnable%verbose&boot%messages%in% EXEC_INITV/\17p USER_MSGSpEnable%subset%of%verbose%boot&messages&(user& messages)/18pRSM'Boot%is% controlled%by%RSM7/19pFOREIGNBoot%involves%a%foreign&disk<zROIfyouwanttosetthebootflags``permanently''usetheSET$O BOOT_FLAGScommand,e.g.%Oa>>>%SET& BOOT_OSFLAGS%0,1@=AO14.3.5.3BWhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?JO)The followingflagsarepassed(viaregisterR5)totheBOOpenVMSVAXprimary bootstrapimageVMB.EXE.TheseIOflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofthe bootstrap: >A  JOTheexactsyntaxisconsole-specific,recentVAXconsoles(Otendtousethe following:a>>>% BOOT/R5:flagsBitMeaning----------{0 RPB$V_CONV=Conversational%boot.%At%various%points%in%the8 system&boot% procedure,%the% bootstrap&code;Ssolicits% parameter&and%other%input%from&the?console% terminal.KIf&the%DIAG&is&also%on%then<the& diagnostic% supervisor%should%enter%"MENU"?+mode%and%prompt&user%for&the%devices&to&test.1 RPB$V_DEBUG@Debug.KIf%this&flag%is%set,%VMS%maps%the%code=$for&the%XDELTA%debugger%into%the%system&page+ltables&of&the%running&system.2 RPB$V_INIBPT>Initial% breakpoint.%If% RPB$V_DEBUG%is%set,&VMS;eexecutes%a%BPT% instruction% immediately%afterenabling%mapping.3 RPB$V_BBLOCK=^ Secondary&boot%from%the%boot%block.K Secondary@ bootstrap&is&a%single&512-byte&block,%whose%LBN is% specified&in&R4.W4 RPB$V_DIAG< Diagnostic%boot.J Secondary& bootstrap%is%image)called&[SYSMAINT]DIAGBOOT.EXE.P 5 RPB$V_BOOBPT:  Bootstrap& breakpoint.&Stops&the%primary&and4  secondary& bootstraps%with%a& breakpoint/(  instruction%before&testing%memory. 6 RPB$V_HEADER@ Image%header.%Takes%the%transfer%address%of%the9!  secondary& bootstrap%image%from&that%file's9i image%header.JIf% RPB$V_HEADER&is&not%set,;  transfers&control%to%the&first&byte%of%the   secondary&boot%file.b 7 RPB$V_NOTESTA Memory&test%inhibit.%Sets%a&bit%in%the%PFN&bit? map&for%each&page%of%memory&present.KDoes&not: test%the%memory. 8 RPB$V_SOLICT: File%name.%VMB%prompts%for%the&name%of%a%3 secondary& bootstrap%file.9 RPB$V_HALT4Halt%before% transfer.KExecutes%a&HALT4, instruction%before& transferring%control(tto%the& secondary% bootstrap.10 RPB$V_NOPFND=%No%PFN&deletion&(not% implemented;&intended&toDmtell%VMB%not&to&read%a%file&from%the&boot%device=that% identifies&bad%or%reserved%memory%pages,Aso%that%VMB%does%not%mark%these%pages%as%valid Ein%the&PFN%bitmap).11 RPB$V_MPM? Specifies&that% multi-port%memory%is%to%be%used@>for&the%total%EXEC&memory% requirement.KNo&localCmemory&is&to&be&used.KThis&is&for%tightly-coupled?multi-processing.KIf&the%DIAG&is&also%on,&then@the& diagnostic% supervisor%enters% "AUTOTEST"%mode.12 RPB$V_USEMPMC Specifies&that% multi-port%memory%should&be&used%inCaddition%to%local%memory,%as%though%both%were&one"Wsingle&pool%of%pages.13 RPB$V_MEMTESTB Specifies&that%a%more& extensive% algorithm%be%used4Pwhen%testing&main%memory&for%hardware' uncorrectable%(RDS)%errors.14 RPB$V_FINDMEM9IRequests%use&of&MA780&memory%if%MS780%is8 insufficient&for%booting.JUsed%for%11/782installations.B<31:28>% RPB$V_TOPSYS< Specifies&the%top%level% directory&number%for1system&disks&with%multiple%systems.?! JO14.3.6CHowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororg( keyboard?POThe AlphaStationserieswillbootwithoutakeyboard attached.SOTouseaserialterminalastheconsole,issuetheSRMconsoleCO=commandSETCONSOLESERIALfollowedbytheconsoleAOINITcommand.,OncethisSRMcommandsequencehasJObeeninvokedandtheCONSOLE environmentvariableissetROGtoSERIAL,theAlphasystemwillusetheserial terminal.'(SetLOthe environmentvariabletoGRAPHICStoselecttheconsole8Odisplayoutputviathegraphics display.)|@ RKOTheDEC3000serieshasajumperonthe motherboardforNOthispurpose.'VariousolderAlpha workstations generallywillKO5not(automatically) bootstrapwithoutakeyboard connected,NOduetothe self-testfailurethatariseswhenthe (missing) Okeyboardtestfails. AA zLOTheusualsettingsfortheconsoleserialterminal(orPCBOterminalemulatoractingasaserialconsoleare:QOa9600&baud,&8%bits,%no%parity,%one%stop%bit%(9600%baud,%8N1).rBHEO AlphaServer4100and derivativeseries platforms,andFO AlphaServerGS80,GS160,andGS320seriessystemcon-DO5solesarecapableof57600baud..Seethe COM2_BAUDGOconsole environment variable,andensurethatyouhave2OcurrentSRMfirmwareversionloaded.uCKBOThe AlphaStationand AlphaServerseriesuseaPC-GO compatibleDB9serial connectorfortheCOM1andCOM2SO5seriallines(andfortheOPA0:)consoleline,ifthatwascon-*OfiguredviaSRM),pleaseseeqSection14.27_fordetailsandOpin-out.*CqP?-DGOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproduct3O authorizationkeys(PAKs),pleaseseeSection5.6.2.*D?ENBOFor a related behaviourof DECwindows,!pleaseseeOSection11.10.:YFor informationonthe VAXstation alternate+O5console mechanisms,pleasesee5Section 14.3.3.3.*EO?*E?*FBO14.3.7C DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?KO4Thissection discusses downloadingandusingAlphaconsole0O firmware, sometimescalledPALcode.GNO14.3.7.1BWherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?KOvFirmwareupdatesforHPAlphasystemsare availablefrom:HV  `mEm;ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/index.html `;1ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/ `lFl&CLUE%CONFIGOOAlsoseeSection 14.3.7.2.-For informationonHP Integrity/OEFIfirmware upgrades,pleaseseeFSection14.3.10.*OF?P*OF ?iP OO14.3.7.2BHowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?DOvSome!of the AlphaStation series!systems!are ``half-JOflash''boxes,meaningonlyonesetoffirmware(SRMorQO' AlphaBIOS)canbeloadedinflashatatime.(GettingbacktoIOtheSRMfirmwarewhen AlphaBIOS(orARC)isloadedcan'Obealittleinteresting...Q NROThatsaid,thisusuallyinvolves shufflingsomefiles,andthenIOgettingintothe AlphaBIOSfirmwareupdate sequence,andBO5thenentering``updatesrm''attheapu->prompt.RNJOToshufflethefiles,copythetargetSRMfirmwarefileJO(as200_v7_0.exeiscurrent)toablank, initialized,FAT-?O5formatfloppyunderthefilenameA:\FWUPDATE.EXE4S DOFromthe AlphaBIOSSetupscreen,selecttheUpgradeHO AlphaBIOSoption.,OncethefirmwareupdateutilitygetsO5going,enter: Apu->&update%srm5#Answer%"y"%to%the&"Are%you& ready...?" Apu->&quitT fOOYou'vereloadedtheflash.'Now power-cycletheboxtofinishOtheprocess.YU/OAlsosee}Section 14.3.7.1.*U}F?GV eHO14.3.7.3BHowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?MOvThespecificstepsrequiredvarybysystem.+YoumustfirstIOensurethatthe particularAlphasystemis supportedbyEO'OpenVMS(seetheSPD),thatallcoreI/O componentsOO (graphics,disk controllers,etc)inthesystemare supportedJObyOpenVMS(seetheSPD),andthatyouhaveanOpenVMSPO1 distribution,thatyouhavethe necessarylicensekeys(PAKs),FOandthatyouhavethe necessarySRMfirmwareloaded.WEOA typical sequence used for switching over fromtheGO AlphaBIOSgraphicsconsoletotheSRMconsolefollows:X[Om1.JPress -` /T kF2 /T `3(mtogettothe AlphaBIOSsetupmenu.2O2.JPickthe``CMOS Setup...'''item.Ol3.JPress ,` .T jF6 .T `<(ltogettothe ``AdvancedCMOSSetup''menu.IO4.JChangethe ``Console Selection''to ``OpenVMSConsoleD(SRM)''.O5.JPress  T F10 8T  ;, d dT pF10 T d,then  TEnter T "tosaveyourchanges.'OB6.J Power-cyclethesystem.Y! JOMostAlphasystemssupportloadingboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCMOconsoleandtheSRMconsoleatthesametime,butsystemsMO5suchasthe AlphaStation255are``half-flash''systemsandLOdonotsupportthepresenceofboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCandHOSRMconsolefirmwareatthesametime..IfyouhaveaLO>``half-flash''system,youmustloadtheSRMfirmwarefromJOfloppy,fromanetwork download,orfromafirmwareCD-DOROM. Followingthenormal AlphaBIOSorARCfirmwareLOHupdatesequencetotheAPUprompt,andthen explictlyse-POlectthetargetconsole.)Inotherwords,powerupthesystemMOtothe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole,usethe supplementaryop-SORtionstoselectthe installationofnewfirmware (typicallyfromFOCD-ROM),andthenratherthanusingasequencewhich*Oupdatesthecurrent firmware:Apu->%update/-or-Apu->%update&ARC_Apu->%verifyApu->%quit" Power-cycle%the&system$ZRNOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)BOSRMfrom AlphaBIOS/ARCona``half-flash''system:aApu->%update&SRMApu->%verifyApu->%quit"9 Power-cycle%the&system[[\NOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)GOthe AlphaBIOS/ARCconsolefromSRMona``half-flash''O5system:!>>>&b%-fl&0,A0%ddcu+ BOOTFILE:&firmware_boot_file.exekApu->%update&ARCApu->%verifyApu->%quit"B Power-cycle%the&system\acIOOnceyouhavetheSRMloaded,youcandirectlyinstallDOOpenVMSorTru64UNIXonthesystem..DonotallowEO5 MicrosoftWindowsNTorother operating system(s)toMOwritea ``harmless'' signaturetoanydiskusedbyOpenVMSMOAlphaorOpenVMSVAX,asthiswillclobberakeypartofJO>thedisk;thiswill overwritetheOpenVMS bootblock.-(OnAOOpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSVAX,youcan generallyNOrecoverfromthis so-called ``harmless''actionbyusingtheOH WRITEBOOT.EXEtool.]FOUsingOpenVMSI64andtheEFIconsole,the bootblockHO structuresareexpectedtobe compatiblewiththoseofHO5 MicrosoftWindowsandother Integrity operatingsystems;EOpleaseseethe discussionoftheSET BOOTBLOCKcom-4OmandandtheSYS$SETBOOT.EXEimageinSection9.7.3, O>in>Section14.3.9,3>andintheOpenVMS documentationforOrelated details.)*]?*]?g!^! 5SOIfyouhavea``full-flash''systemandwanttoselecttheSRMGOconsolefromthe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole environment,HO5selectthe``SwitchtoOpenVMSorTru64UNIX console''KOitemfromthe``setupthesystem''submenu.*Thenpower-ROcyclethesystem.(Ifyouhavea``full-flash''systemwiththeGO>SRMconsoleandwanttoselectAlphaBIOS/ARC,usetheOcommand:>>>%set&os_type%NTR_((Oand power-cyclethesystem.<`9OFor informationon acquiring firmware,seeSection 14.3.7.1.FOFor informationonOpenVMSlicensePAKs(foS SrhobbyistO5use)see5Section2.8.1.1{5For informationontheMultia,seeOSection14.4.1.*`F?G*`?*`OP?va WHO InformationonenablingandusingthefailsafefirmwareQOloaderforvarious systems-thistoolis availableonlyonsomeJO5ofthevariousAlpha platforms-is availableinthehard-MOware documentationforthesystem.(Thistoolis used/neededLOwhenthefirmwarehasbeen corrupted,andcannotloadnewO> firmware.b *NOThefulllistof AlphaBIOSkeysequences-these sequencesareHOneededwhenusingan LK-serieskeyboardwith AlphaBIOS,8O5as AlphaBIOSexpectsaPC-style keyboard:F1pCtrl/AF2pCtrl/BIF3pCtrl/CF4pCtrl/DF5pCtrl/E!F6pCtrl/FiF7pCtrl/PF8pCtrl/RF9pCtrl/TzAF10pCtrl/U InsertpCtrl/V DeletepCtrl/W BackspacepCtrl/H aEscapepCtrl/[ ReturnpCtrl/MLineFeedpCtrl/J.9(Plus)%+pupselect&(some&systems)1(Minus)%-p downselect%(some%systems)zTABpdown%arrow SHIFT+TABKup&arrow8c .O14.3.8CConsole ManagementOptionsPO4OptionstocollectmultipleconsolesintoasingleserverareLO available,withbothhardwareoptionsandsoftwarepackagesDOthatcanprovideadvancedfeaturesand capabilities.dWEOSomeofthe availableconsole managementoptionsforOOpenVMS:Ye/ `m*mHeroix:'http://www.robomon.com/ `9KI Products:' http://www.ki.com/products/clim/ `l5lGlobal Maintech:'http://www.globalmt.com/ `(TECsys:'http://www.tditx.com/ `k8kCA:)http://www.cai.com/products/commandit.htm/fJOComputer AssociatesistheownerofwhatwasonceknownGOasthe VAXclusterConsoleSystem(VCS)consolemanage-OO5mentpackage,andhas integratedthis capabilityintotheCA%O managementproductsuite.ag! `78O14.3.9CWhydomyEFIBootAliasesFail?LO4OpenVMSI64bootaliasescontain signature informationref-LOerencingthespecificvolume,meaningthattheentriesareSOspecifictothediskvolumeandnotthediskdevice.(ThisalsoJO=meansthatcertain operations,suchastheSET BOOTBLOCKAOcommandortheRUNSYS$SETBOOT.EXE operationthatGOcanrewritethesevolume signatures (signatureorGUIDBOGvalues)canrenderexistingbootaliases unusable.Nh $TOIfyourbootaliasesdonotfunctionas expected,firsttryre-MOmovingand re-addingthem;thiswill resynchronizethebootNO5aliaseswiththevolume contents.*IfyouareusingtheSET;O BOOTBLOCKcommandortheRUNSYS$SETBOOT.EXEJO operationtorewritethedisk bootblock,youcanrequestNO>thatthecurrent signatures(ifany)be preserved,andthisPOwill typicallymaintainthevalidityofyourEFIconsolebootOaliases. i CO14.3.10C DownloadingandusingEFIConsole Firmware?LO4HP IntegrityEFIsystemfirmwarecanbe downloadedintheLOformofabootableimagemaster,unzippedandthenburned0OontoCDorDVDmedia(pleaseseeDSection9.7fordetailsofIO= recordingopticalmediaon OpenVMS),andthesystemcanQOthen generallybebootedoffthecreatedmediatoperformthe!OEFIfirmwareupgrade.*iD}?Fj! QOTheHP IntegrityServerwebsiteis accesssableviathefollow-MOingURL,andthe availableservicesandsupport informationLO5therehaslinkstothe availableplatform-specificfirmware2Oimagesandupgrade-related materials:\k2 `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/servers/lwHOFor informationonAlphaSRMconsolefirmware upgrades,OpleaseseeSection14.3.7.*l?F  sIO14.7CDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction'(subsets??OTheAlpha architectureisupward-and downward-IO compatible,andnewer instructionsareemulatedonolderMO^ platforms,forthosecaseswherethecompileris explicitlyCO requestedtogeneratethenewerAlpha instructions. WNOIn particular,OpenVMSAlphaV7.1andlaterincludethein-LO struction emulation capabilities necessaryforthe executionLO5ofnewerAlpha instructionsonolderAlphamicroprocessors.KO (Instruction emulation capabilitiesare availableforuser-QOmode applicationcode,andarenot availabletodevicedrivers1O>orothersimilar kernel-modecode.) ~IOAlpha instructionsare availableingroups(or subsets).NO Obviously,thereisthebase instructionsetthatisavail-LO5ableonallAlphamicroprocessors.+Then,the followingarePOthecurrent instruction extensiongroups(orsubsets)thatareKO availableonsomeofvariousrecentAlphamicroprocessors:Gp `m&m byte/word extension(BWX):7LDBU,LDWU,SEXTB,SEXTW,STB,andSTW. `E>Efloating-pointandsquareroot extension(FIX):@FTOIS,FTOIT,ITOFF,ITOFS,ITOFT,SQRTF,SQRTG,SQRTS,andSQRTT. `v"vcount extension(CIX):#CTLZ,CTPOP,andCTTZ. `M(M multi-media extension(MVI):5MAXSB8,MAXSW4,MAXUB8,MAXUW4,MINSB8,8MINSW4,MINUB8,MINUW4,PERR,PKLB,PKWB,WUNPKBL,andUNPKBW.IOThetypical instructionsubsetthatprovidesthebiggestFOwin-andofcourse,yourmileagemayvary-is typicallyOO5the instructionsetthatisprovidedbytheEV56andlater;OO specifically,the byte-word instructionsubset.)Toselectthis'Osubset,usethe following:2Ok(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERICat>OThe /ARCHITECTUREcontrolsthemaximuminstruc-NOtionsubsetthatthecompilerwill generallyuse,whilethe@O5/OPTIMIZE=TUNEcontrolsboththeinstruction-levelMO schedulingandalsothe instructions generatedinsideloops-HOanycode resultingfrom/OPTIMIZE=TUNEthatisspecificOO>toan instructionsubsetwillbe generatedonlyinsideloopsMOandwillalsobe ``protected''byan AMASK-basedtestthatNOpermitsthe executionofthepropercodeforthe particular)OHcurrentAlphamicroprocessor. ?O Typically/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERICisthe appropri-JOatechoicefortuning,andthe /ARCHITECTUREselectstheKO5minimumtarget architectureforgeneraluse throughouttheO generatedcode.<! IO generatedforlater architecturesand instructionsubsetsQOwillrunonolderAlphasystemsduetothe emulation,butifKO5 /ARCHITECTUREisa significantbenefit,thenthe emulation-Omightbea performancepenalty.! lMOPleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizardareaforthesourcePOcodeofa(non-privileged)toolthatlooksatthe instructionNO5subsets availableonthe particularAlphamicroprocessorthatUOthetoolisrunon.'Thistool demonstratestheuseoftheAlpha,OAMASKandIMPLVER instructions.OPleaseseeSection10.22 andeSection14.10Ufor additional0Odetailsandrelatedconsiderations.*F?;*eF?{! 2GO14.8CWhatistheAccuracyoftheAlphaTimeofYear'( (BB_WATCH)Clock?HOThe specificationformaximumclockdriftintheAlphaTOhardwareclockis50partspermillion(ppm),thatislessthanLO^ 0.000050secondsofdriftpersecond,lessthan 0.000050VOdaysofdriftperday,orlessthan 0.000050yearsofdriftperROyear,etc.'(eg:(Anerrorofonesecondoveraday-longinter-3Ohvalisroughly11ppm,or 1000000/(24 t* h60 t*,h60).))PutanotherQOway,thisis.005%,whichisaround130secondspermonthor!O26minutesperyear.uHOThesoftware-maintainedsystemtimecandriftmorethanNOthis, primarilyduetoothersystem activity.*TypicalcausesKO5ofdriftinclude extensivehigh-IPLcode(softmemoryer-ROrors,heavyactivityatdeviceIPLs,etc)thatarecausingtheBO processingoftheclock interruptstobeblocked.mCOAlsosee}Section14.15,vSection4.2.*}F?*vF|?Q( o 1O15.3COpenVMSandDECnet Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandODECnet networking.`p `66O15.3.1CCan DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?IO4Yes.+To configure DECnet-PlustooperateoverIPtrans-KOportandoverIPbackbone networks,installand configureFO DECnet-Plus,andinstalland configurethePWIPmech-HO=anism availablewithinthecurrently-installedIPstack.HOWithinTCP/IP Services,thisisa PWIPDRIVER configura-LOtionoptionwithinthe UCX$CONFIG (versionspriortoV5.0)JOGor TCPIP$CONFIG(withV5.0andlater) configurationtool.q*DO15.3.2CWhatdoes"failureonback translateaddressg(request"mean?OTheerrormessage:KO BCKTRNSFAIL,%failure%on%the%back% translate%address%requestr! WLO indicatesthatthe destinationnodeisrunning DECnet-Plus,GOandthatitsnamingservice (DECnet-PlusDECdns,LOCALMO5node database,etc)cannotlocateanameto associatewithLOthesourcenode'saddress.+Inotherwords,the destinationQOnodecannot determinethenodenameforthenodethatisthe0O>sourceoftheincoming connection."s>OUsetheDECNET_REGISTER mechanism(onthedes-KOtinationnode)toregisterormodifythename(s)andtheMO5 address(es)ofthesourcenode.(Checkthe namespaceonthe"Osourcenode,aswell.gt }=LO Typically,thenodesinvolvedareusingaLOCAL namespace,JOandthenodenameandaddresssettingsarenotcoherentOO5acrossallnodes.+AlsochecktomakesurethatthenodeisMOenteredintoitsownLOCAL namespace.'Thiscanbeaprob-MOlem elsewhere,however.'Veryrarely,acache corruptionhasPO>beenknowntocausethiserror.)Toflushthecache,usetheOcommand: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL `m<mDECdns:' DECnet-Plus distributedname services. `H LocalFile:'alocalfile containingnamesand addresses. `lDl DNS/BIND:theTCP/IP distributednameservicesmech-anism. `D:DTheTCP/IPServices(UCX)localhostfile.w MOOfthese, searchingDNS/BINDand LocalFile, respectively,is7Ooftenthemost appropriateconfiguration.x=O15.3.3C PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?>O4First,issuetheNCLcommandSHOWMOPCIRCUIT 8?* O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLOSHOW&MOP%CIRCUIT&*(y LOAssumethatyouhaveacircuitknownasFDDI-0 displayed.HOHereisanexampleoftheSETHOST/MOPcommandsyntax'O5utilizedforthiscircuit:CO$&SET%1HOST/MOP/ADDRESS=08-00-2B-2C-5A-23/CIRCUIT=FDDI-0Wz-OAlsosee}Section15.6.3.*z}F? t|p,>p:nNurdU'r#tvIxJ ~^FK}i#  ff,eT10,dvT7:&P3}( GD~ z%K'_R,H<PJ&Nv*V'4 x8Z VWQ^OAZA{4<@w #q# (5h6 =/xAD\ J\{7fx mT2pnt z  nRh,[ &|n z@6Zgh L lRK g uP2#V`$^%j%d(+|.v2` 6l6.7 0<W=&2 BZD ZE;IM-OXS6- WftdWUZ4%C[~]Zx`Tc*E&erm0nFkv }D 2I~LN*VN j:]QRYF\.fv4L j  Q'Dm8tdGFWpmv.B  > $p (,jGO4 :X<4hDVAFTVr4 vVR ({{B{^ 30q J n`2 |8^>.#B8tf}? 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