z  -The OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)NK!VMSFAQ | Contents  Tables Index!B*DECdocument V3.3h}/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page1xE\PrefacePrefacew)66E\OpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) @g$K1 Introduction1 Introduction$w0J $K1.1=&KWhatcoreOpenVMSURLsdoyouneedtoknow?1.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know?&w,C $K1.26&KWhataretheOpenVMSUsenet Newsgroups?1.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?(l6GG$A1.2.1Whatisthescopeofthe comp.os.vms newsgroup?1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?)l5CC$A1.2.2What newsgroupscarry VMS-related information?1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?*l-;;$A1.2.3What newsgrouparchivesare available?1.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?/yl)88$A1.2.4WhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?2\<NN$A1.2.4.1HowdoI subscribetoor unsubscribefrom INFO-VAX?1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?6`w. $K1.3!&KWhatis [n]etiquette?1.3 What is [n]etiquette?;w.E $K1.48&KWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?1.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?Dw-C $K1.56&KOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?1.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?Kl6EE$@1.5.1 CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?LYl&&$A1.5.2OpenVMS Ambassadors?1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?Ol:JJ$A1.5.3ContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand Questions?1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?Rl1@@$A1.5.4ContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?1.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?SOg!!$K2General Information2 General InformationWw*B $K2.15&KWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?2.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?Yw4M $K2.2@&KWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?jw0H $L2.3;&LWhat'sinaName?' Terminologyand Products?2.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?m{l)::$A2.3.1HowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?2.3.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?r{w&= $K2.40&KWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?sw6O $K2.5B&KIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?ww2I $K2.6<&KWhatOpenVMS distributionkitsare available?2.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?{=WH$@2.6.1WherecanIdownloadOpenVMSandLayeredProductpKits?2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?w)@ $L2.73&LInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?w0F $K2.89&K Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licenses?2.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?l5DD$A2.8.1 QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?{l+88$A2.8.1.1VendorsofferingHobbyistLicenses2.8.1.1 Vendors offering Hobbyist Licensesl-;;$A2.8.2OpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?2.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?C\H$@2.8.3What developerandpartner licensingprogramsarep available?2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?l6HH$@2.8.4HowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?w3K $K2.9>&KDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?2.9 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?Eh$L2.10=&LOpenVMSPorts?'Itanium?'PortstoIA-32,EM64T&orAMD64systems?2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?7V$K2.116&KArethereanynetwork-accessibleOpenVMS&systems?2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?w(@$K2.122&KWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?w(?$K2.131&KHowcanIsubmitOpenVMS Freeware?2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?yw&;$K2.14-&KPorting applicationstoOpenVMS?2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?Bc$K2.15@&KWhat resourcesare availabletoOpenVMSsoftware& developers?2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?Ff$F2.164&Fmemory management,resource management,$&process scheduling,etc?2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?og!6$L2.17(&LBasicUnitsof Measurement?2.17 Basic Units of Measurement?l+<<$A2.17.1Howmanybytesareinadiskblock?2.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?l,==$A2.17.2Howmanybytesareinamemorypage?2.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?g6II$@2.17.3HowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?'KB,MB,GB,TB?2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?Bg$K3 Documentation3 Documentation7Y $K3.1:&KWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMS&manuals?3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?g8P $K3.2C&KWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?3.2 What online information and websites are available?Bi $L3.3G&LHowdoIextractthecontentsofaHELPtopictoa&textfile?3.3 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?w3K $L3.4>&LDoesOpenVMS Marketinghaveane-mailaddress?3.4 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address?9Z $K3.59&KWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive& internals?3.5 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals?Ac $K3.6D&KWherecannewusersfindtutorial informationabout&OpenVMS?3.6 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS?U\$$$@3.6.1Tutorial Websites?3.6.1 Tutorial Websites?Z\''$@3.6.2Booksand Tutorials?3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?9Z $L3.79&LWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsandforumsare& available?3.7 What OpenVMS mailing lists and forums are available?":] $L3.8@&LWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheard&about?3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?&<_ $K3.9@&KWherecanIfindthelatestCrun-timelibrary&manuals?3.9 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?.Rw##$K4Timeand Timekeeping4 Time and Timekeeping1w4L $K4.1?&KAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?3l2AA$@4.1.1DetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?4.1.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?=l-::$A4.1.1.1VAXhardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...>K\$A 4.1.1.1.1TOYclock4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock?Tg##$A 4.1.1.1.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.1.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIMEBVg$$$A 4.1.1.1.3EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.1.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASECNg  $A 4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODRDl/<<$A4.1.1.2Alphahardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...Jl/<<$@ 4.1.1.2.1Battery-BackedWatch (BB_WATCH)Chip4.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) ChipKTg##$@ 4.1.1.2.2EXE$GQ_SYSTIME4.1.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIMEN`g))$A 4.1.1.2.3EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCKOl;PP$A4.1.1.3WhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?Sl1AA$A4.1.2HowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?4.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?Vw2I $K4.2<&KKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?4.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?^ng!5 $K4.3(&KExternal time-base hardware?4.3 External time-base hardware?gl0AA$@4.3.1Whydomyclusterbatchjobsstartearly?4.3.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?ll-==$A4.3.2WhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?4.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?ol/??$A4.3.3 Resettingthesystemtimeintothepast?4.3.3 Resetting the system time into the past?tl/@@$A4.3.4HowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?4.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?xB^K$A4.3.5HowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatimep provider?4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?}De $K4.47&KManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,and!&DaylightSavingTime?4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?l<KK$@4.4.1 Creating,UpdatingandManagingTimezone Definitions?4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?l=MM$A4.4.1.1 CustomizingorUpdatingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?l6EE$@4.4.1.2USDaylightTimeChangesStarting 1-Mar-2007?4.4.1.2 US Daylight Time Changes Starting 1-Mar-2007?l0>>$@4.4.2 Timezonesand Time-relatedLogicalNames?4.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?l3CC$A4.4.3Howto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?4.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?<_ $K4.59&KWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?*Help&managingDTSS?4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?<] $K4.6>&KSettingtimeon AlphaServerES47,ES80,GS1280&console?4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console??c $K4.7<&KUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatare&these acronyms?4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?w1K $K4.8>&KUsingw32timeoranSNTPasatime provider?4.8 Using w32time or an SNTP as a time provider?dw ,,$K5System Management Information5 System Management Informationnw 6 $L5.1)&LWhatisan installedimage?5.1 What is an installed image?w-E $K5.28&KArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?5.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?w-C $K5.36&KSourcesofOpenVMSsecurity information?5.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?w.H $K5.4;&KHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?5.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?g1L $K5.5?&KHowdoIextractthecontentsofaPCSIkit?5.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?w/D $K5.67&K Emergency(Conversational)SystemStartup?5.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?l:MM$A5.6.1I've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanIdo?5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?l8KK$A5.6.2Myproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?8\ $K5.7>&KHowdoIchangethenodenameofanOpenVMS&System?5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?9\ $K5.8?&KWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust&added?5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added?(w9U $K5.9H&KHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?,w1I$K5.10;&KWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths?5.10 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?3l/>>$@5.10.1OpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)Paths5.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths4gl!..$@5.10.2OpenVMSI64UpgradePaths5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths:xl)77$A5.10.3OpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePaths5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths=l-;;$A5.10.4OpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePaths5.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade PathsBsl'44$A5.10.5OpenVMSVAXManual Organization5.10.5 OpenVMS VAX Manual OrganizationIl7FF$A5.10.6OpenVMSProductVersionandSupport Information5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support InformationKl1@@$@5.10.7OpenVMSAlphaandI64Upgrade Terminology5.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade TerminologyVGl$K5.11B&KWhydoIhaveanegativenumberinthepagefile& reservablepages?5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?\Ad$L5.12D&LDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating&OpenVMS?5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?cw1L$L5.13>&LHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?5.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?iw*C$K5.145&KHowcanIsetupashared directory?5.14 How can I set up a shared directory?pw6R$K5.15D&KWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?y<\$K5.168&KDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics& Controllers?5.16 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers?~cl,,$@5.16.1TheELSAGLoriaSynergy5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergyqg&33$A5.16.2 PowerStorm300, PowerStorm3505.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350ug(55$A5.16.3 PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D205.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20I\$A5.16.4Radeon75005.16.4 Radeon 75009[$L5.17>&LHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and&ECOs?5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?w/H$K5.18:&KHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?5.18 How do I move the queue manager database?Ab$K5.19B&KHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)&process?5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?r(@$K5.202&KHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)??c$K5.21?&KHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports& compression?5.21 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?=a$L5.22C&LCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To&Alpha?5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?w/G$L5.239&LHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?5.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?9]$K5.24@&KDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)&tool?5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?w4L$K5.25>&K INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?g-E$K5.267&KHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?5.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?Gl$K5.27?&KHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom& initiatingalogin?5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?w4M$L5.28?&LHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?>a$L5.29?&LHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is& installed?5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?9Z$K5.30:&KWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor&OpenVMS?5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS?9Z$K5.31:&KWhat(andwhere)istheOpenVMS Management&Station?5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?w8P$K5.32B&KHowto determinecurrentdisk fragmentationlevel?5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>\$K5.333&KSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate&SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?Di$K5.34D&KHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora&newprinter?5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?Be$P5.35/&PWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOW(&DEVICEmountcountsdiffer?5.35 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?w6N$L5.36@&LWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?w7Q$L5.37C&LHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?>]$K5.386&K SYSINIT-E,errormountingsystemdevice,&status=0072832C5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832Cww%:$K5.39,&K ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?w*@$K5.402&KChangingtheOpenVMSVersionNumber?5.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?;\$K5.41:&KHowtopreventusersfromchoosingobvious& passwords?5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?w5N$L5.42@&LPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?5.42 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?"l.;;$A5.42.1Whyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?5.42.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?#@[J$A5.42.1.1WhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?$l4EE$A5.42.1.2CanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?5.42.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?&l4EE$@5.42.2WhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?'l.>>$@5.42.3WhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?5.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?0l.??$@5.42.4HowdoIfixacorruptBACKUPsaveset?5.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?:l9MM$A5.42.5HowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremotetape?5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape?Bl3DD$A5.42.6HowtoperformaDoDsecuritydiskerasure?5.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?G\/>>$A5.42.7Howtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?5.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?Nl1??$A5.42.7.1Volume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?5.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?TNl  $A 5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?ZPl!!$@ 5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?\w1H$K5.43:&KPleaseexplain DELETE/ERASEandFileLocks?5.43 Please explain DELETE/ERASE and File Locks?^fw1$K5.44#&KManagingFile Versions?5.44 Managing File Versions?_w+A$L5.453&L Host-basedVolume ShadowingandRAID?5.45 Host-based Volume Shadowing and RAID?hPg""$K6 InformationonMail6 Information on MailkFm $K6.1F&KMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.&WhatdoIdo?6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?mg3N $K6.2A&KHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?6.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?qw*C $K6.36&KHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?6.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?xZg''$K7 Informationon Utilities7 Information on Utilities{w1L $L7.1?&LHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?7.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?}Bf $K7.2A&KHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydisk&fromOpenVMS?7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?In $K7.3?&KHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"&DECsounddoesn'twork.7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.w/I $K7.4<&KHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?7.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?w,E $K7.58&KHowcanIpatchanOpenVMSAlphaimage?7.5 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image??g$K8DCLDetails8 DCL Detailsw+B $L8.15&LDCLSymbolsandOpenVMSLogicalNames?8.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?w+D $K8.27&KHowdoIrunaprogramwith arguments?8.2 How do I run a program with arguments?g'@ $L8.33&LHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?8.3 How can I clear the screen in DCL?8X $L8.4:&LUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole&OPCOMs?8.4 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?w.H $K8.5;&KHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?8.5 How do I generate a random number in DCL?sg"9 $K8.6,&KWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?8.6 What does the MCR command do?w/H $K8.7;&KHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?8.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?9Z $K8.8?&KCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith&DCL?8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?w3N $L8.9A&LHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?8.9 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?w/F$L8.108&LWhydoesn'tDCLsymbol substitutionwork?8.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?w-F$K8.118&KHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?8.11 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?5U$K8.127&KUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical&names?8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?w6P$K8.13B&KHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?8.13 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?2g$K9Files9 Filesmg6 $L9.1)&LHowcanIundeleteafile?9.1 How can I undelete a file??b $L9.2<&LWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswer&than DIR/SIZE?9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE??e $K9.3I&KHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento&disk?9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?@b $K9.4?&KWhatarethelimitsonfilespecificationsand& directories?9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?=` $K9.5B&KWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan&access?9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?Bg $K9.6D&KWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord&sizelimit?9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?:] $K9.7>&KHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon&OpenVMS?9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?vl(66$@9.7.1CDandDVD notation, terminology?9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology??YH$A9.7.2UseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)CDpdrives?9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?B\F$A9.7.3CreatingBootableOpenVMSI64CDorDVDMedia?p SYS$SETBOOT?9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?w4M $K9.8@&KWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?$9\ $K9.9?&KCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase&files?9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files?)?d$K9.10A&KIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI&usingXFC?9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?-w4K$K9.11=&KRMS SequentialFilesandPlatform Portability?9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?1lg5$L9.12'&LHowtoreadlockedfiles?9.12 How to read locked files?6jw#//$L10OpenVMS Programming Information10 OpenVMS Programming Information8?_$K10.1@&KModular Programming,FacilityPrefixesandSymbol&Naming?10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?:w5O$K10.2A&KCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?@w7R$K10.3D&KHowdoIgetthe argumentsfromthecommandline?10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?P;_$K10.4>&KHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina& variable?10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?TBe$Q10.5?&QHowdoIlinkagainstSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STBonan&Alphasystem?10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?U6Z$L10.6:&LHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsidea&program?10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?WFl$K10.78&KHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa&& shareableimageonAlpha?10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?X:]$L10.8@&LHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating&data?10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?];_$K10.9?&KHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran&routine?10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?b>b$K10.10@&KHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensing& purposes?10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?d>`$K10.11A&KWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSS&image?10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?jw.I$K10.12:&KHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?10.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?sew1$K10.13"&KWhatisa descriptor?10.13 What is a descriptor?tw8R$L10.14C&LHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanother username?10.14 How do I create a process under another username?|Cd$Q10.15A&QWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetached& processes?10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?Hl$K10.16A&KWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesand& supportingfiles?10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?w/I$K10.17:&KHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?10.17 How can I open a file for shared access?=_$K10.18<&KHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,& constants?10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?Be$K10.19@&KHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfroman& application?10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?lw 4$L10.20%&LDealingwith Endian-ness?10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?g-C$K10.214&KHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?10.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?Dw[ w[;\$K10.224&KHPCandotherOpenVMSC Programming&Considerations?10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?a\++$@10.22.1gOthercommonCissues10.22.1 Other common C issuese\ --$@10.22.2gOthercommonC++issues10.22.2 Other common C++ issuesw2J$K10.23;&KStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?10.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?w6N$K10.24?&KChoosingaVersionNumberfor ApplicationCode?10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?w*@$K10.251&K SelectingaProcessDump Directory?10.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?sg#8$L10.26)&LAccesstoItanium Assembler?10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?zw';$K10.27,&K Kernel-modecoding restrictions?10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?w3J$K10.28;&KDecodinganAccess Violation(ACCVIO)Error?10.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?yw&;$K10.29,&K Generatingan AUTODIN-IICRC32?10.29 Generating an AUTODIN-II CRC32?nw!5$K10.30&&KEnablingbuilt-intracing?10.30 Enabling built-in tracing?>g$K11 DECwindows11 DECwindowsDh$L11.1D&LHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy& workstation?11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?w7Q$K11.2C&KHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?Di$K11.38&KHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOW#&DISPLAYintoasymbol?11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?w.I$K11.4;&KHowdoIgetalogofaDECtermsession?11.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?w+B$K11.54&KWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?11.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?g1L$K11.6>&KHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?11.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?@b$L11.7C&LHowdoI customize DECwindows, includingthelogin&screen?11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen? l1@@$A11.7.1HowdoI customize DECwindows keymapping?11.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?C^K$A11.7.2WhydoestheDELETEkeydeleteforwardinsteadofp backward?11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?w3K$K11.8=&KWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?11.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?%@c$K11.98&KWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovethe& DECwindowscursor?11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?*w1I$K11.10:&KWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?11.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?,Ab$K11.118&K%DECW-W-NODEVICE,Nographicsdevicefound&onthissystem?11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?1w/H$K11.129&KHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?11.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?8w3L$L11.13=&LHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?11.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?>7X$L11.146&LHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP& Transport11.14 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transport@>r$K11.15'&KCanIuse DECwindows1.2- /W*oKonOpenVMSV7.3-2&orlater?11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?Ag(?$K11.160&KHowtoaddFontsinto DECwindows?11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?F]g(($K12 Miscellaneous Information12 Miscellaneous Information`Cf$K12.1D&KWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol& sequences?12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?b<^$L12.2A&LDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel&port?12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?pw7S$L12.3E&LHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?sw+B$K12.44&K CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?12.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?{aw++$K13FindingandUsingSoftware13 Finding and Using Software?_$K13.1?&KWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor&OpenVMS?13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?w.G$K13.29&KWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?13.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS? pl%33$A13.2.1Csystemandlibraryroutines13.2.1 C system and library routinesv\(66$A13.2.2XWindows utilitiesandroutines13.2.2 X Windows utilities and routinesl/>>$A13.2.3TCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?13.2.3 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?Y\''$A13.2.4Thevitexteditor13.2.4 The vi text editor_\**$A13.2.5TheEmacsTextEditor13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editora\++$A13.2.6GNV:VariousGNUtools13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$Ol!!$@13.2.6.1GCCcompiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler+w,E$K13.37&KWhatisthestatusofPL/IonOpenVMS?13.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?6w.G$L13.49&LWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?13.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?9~w'?$L13.51&LWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?Aw-E$K13.67&K ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?13.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?Iw9U$K13.7G&KHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?Og3N$K13.8@&KHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?13.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?Q~w'?$K13.91&KWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?YCe$L13.10A&L Obtainingthe DECmigrate(AESTorVEST,andTIE)& translator?13.10 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?kw<V$L13.11G&LWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?og,B$K13.123&KAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?13.12 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?vSg##$K14Hardware Information14 Hardware InformationyCf$K14.1;&KWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,&Alpha,andIA-64?14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?{Bc$K14.2=&KSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and&VAX)systems?14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?r3J$K14.3<&KConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?14.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?l=OO$@14.3.1Whatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMconsole?14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?\,<<$@14.3.2WhatdoesSRMmean?'WhatisPALcode?14.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?l@RR$A14.3.3AlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleserialline information?14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?B]M$A14.3.3.1WhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?l@SS$A14.3.3.2WhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?l@TT$@14.3.3.3HowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?l:LL$@14.3.3.4PleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXII14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX IIl5DD$@14.3.4WhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?l.>>$A14.3.5Whatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?14.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?l0AA$A14.3.5.1WhataretheI64IPBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?l2CC$A14.3.5.2WhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?l0AA$@14.3.5.3WhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?14.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?B]J$@14.3.6HowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororp keyboard?14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?l3BB$@14.3.7 DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?14.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?E`N$A14.3.7.1WherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?D`O$A14.3.7.2HowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?A[H$A14.3.7.3HowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?hl"..$@14.3.8Console ManagementOptions14.3.8 Console Management Optionsxl(88$A14.3.9WhydomyEFIBootAliasesFail?14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail?l9JJ$@14.3.10gCanOpenVMSaccesstheEFIconsoleBootAliases?14.3.10 Can OpenVMS access the EFI console Boot Aliases?l4CC$@14.3.11g DownloadingandusingEFIConsole Firmware?14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?w-D$K14.46&KWhat platformswillOpenVMSoperateon?14.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?]l))$A14.4.1ontheAlphaMultia?14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?vl(66$A14.4.2onAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?vl(66$A14.4.2.1ontheNoNameAXPpci33system?14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?dl--$A14.4.3ontheAlphaXLseries?14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?>XG$@14.4.4OpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aupseries?14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?l<LL$@14.4.4.1OpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?l?OO$A14.4.4.2OpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?l,;;$A14.4.5OntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?14.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?l4DD$A14.4.5.1WherecanIgetIntelItanium information?14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information??b$K14.5B&KWhatistheleast expensivesystemthatwillrun&OpenVMS?14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?#8Z$K14.6:&KWherecanIgetmore informationonAlpha&systems?14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?-Cc$K14.7C&KDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction&subsets?14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?:w/J$L14.8<&LSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?14.8 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?Dgw2$L14.9$&LWhatisbyte swizzling?14.9 What is byte swizzling?Ew;V$L14.10G&LWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?14.10 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?Mw4N$L14.11?&LWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems?14.11 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?Q>a$K14.12@&KWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAX&systems?14.12 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?RGk$K14.13A&KWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXand& VAXstation3100?14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?Tw.F$K14.147&KWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?14.14 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?]Ac$K14.15>&KWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupport& information?14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?^De$L14.16A&LWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupport& assistance?14.16 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?fGk$L14.17@&LWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cyclethe&console terminal?14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?j>b$K14.18F&KCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswitha &PC?14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?q@a$K14.19=&KWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphics& controller?14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?{w7P$K14.20A&KWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?14.20 Where can I get information on storage hardware?:Z$K14.216&KWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedly& autorepeat?14.21 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?Hn$L14.22@&LProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesor&somekeysaredead14.22 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are dead<]$L14.23<&LWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMS&version?14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?w8T$K14.24E&KHowdoIsetthespeedandduplexonOpenVMSI64?14.24 How do I set the speed and duplex on OpenVMS I64?Eb$K14.25&&K Third-party or Unsupported-&#disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?l1@@$@14.25.1gListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?14.25.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?=VG$@14.25.2gArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVDUltra2pSCSI?14.25.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?l-;;$@14.25.3g ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?14.25.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?w-C$K14.264&KLookingfor connectorwiring pin-outs?14.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?w9Q$L14.27B&LWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?g1K$L14.28<&LWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?14.28 What is flow control and how does it work?zw&<$K14.29-&KCDandDVDdevice requirements?14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?w9O$K14.30@&KOffice-Friendly (Quieter) Integrityrx2620series?14.30 Office-Friendly (Quieter) Integrity rx2620 series?:Z$K14.319&KKVMswitchesfor AlphaServerand Integrity&Servers?14.31 KVM switches for AlphaServer and Integrity Servers?vg(66$K15 InformationonNetworksandClusters15 Information on Networks and Clustersw(@$L15.12&LHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?mw 5$L15.2'&LOpenVMSandIP Networking?15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?l/??$A15.2.1HowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?15.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?nl$22$A15.2.2 ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?l9KK$@15.2.3HowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?>[I$@15.2.4HowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayonpOpenVMS?15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?l;NN$@15.2.5HowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?@]M$A15.2.6Whycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttoOpenVMSpAlpha?15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?uw$9$K15.3+&KOpenVMSandDECnet Networking?15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?vl(66$A15.3.1Can DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?C]N$A15.3.2Whatdoes"failureonback translateaddressrequest"pmean?15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?l/==$A15.3.3 PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?15.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?\3CC$@15.3.4Howtoflushthe DECnet-Plussessioncache?15.3.4 How to flush the DECnet-Plus session cache?g4L$K15.4>&KHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?@[H$@15.4.1HowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorp counters?15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?\4GG$A15.4.2HowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:]$K15.5>&KHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS&system?15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?w*?$K15.61&KOpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?15.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?"l8FF$@15.6.1OpenVMSClusterCommunicationsProtocolDetails?15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?#l5EE$@15.6.1.1OpenVMSCluster(SCS)overDECnet?'OverIP?15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?$l:JJ$@15.6.1.2 ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?)cl ++$A 15.6.1.2.1Cluster Terminology?15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?*z\+77$A 15.6.1.2.2ClusterCommunicationsControl?15.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?5\?NN$A 15.6.1.2.3ClusterCommunicationsControlToolsand Utilities?15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?;yl*77$@15.6.2ClusterSystem Parameter Settings?15.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?DGbM$@15.6.2.1WhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?El/??$@ 15.6.2.1.1Whyno shadowingforaQuorumDisk?15.6.2.1.1 Why no shadowing for a Quorum Disk?Ol;KK$A15.6.2.2Explaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?QD]N$@ 15.6.2.2.1Howto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathSCSI?15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?T\3DD$A15.6.3TellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC15.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC\l.@@$A15.6.4HowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)15.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)f@ZD$A15.6.5WherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)p information?15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information?nl9KK$A15.6.6WhichfilesmustbesharedinanOpenVMSCluster?15.6.6 Which files must be shared in an OpenVMS Cluster?ol.??$@15.6.7HowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?15.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?sml$11$@15.6.8DetailsonVolume Shadowing?15.6.8 Details on Volume Shadowing?F_M$A15.6.8.1Doesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?$ +gTABLESTABLESH\=A1-1CoreWebsites1- 1 Core Websites'j\#//=A1-2INFO-VAXMailServerCommands1- 2 INFO-VAX Mail Server Commands8`l**=@2-1OpenVMSAlphaMediaKits2- 1 OpenVMS Alpha Media Kitsbl++=@2-2OpenVMSI64OrderNumbers2- 2 OpenVMS I64 Order Numbers`l**=A2-3OpenVMSI64MediaSuffix2- 3 OpenVMS I64 Media Suffixhl"..=A2-4OpenVMSSourceListingsKits2- 4 OpenVMS Source Listings Kitsvl)55=A2-5OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb2- 5 OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-ThumbNl  =A3-1OpenVMSWebsites3- 1 OpenVMS Websites l1>>=@3-2OpenVMSTutorialand DocumentationWebsites3- 2 OpenVMS Tutorial and Documentation Websites>\=A3-3DPBooks3- 3 DP BooksYl&&=@3-4OpenVMSMailingLists3- 4 OpenVMS Mailing Lists#al**=@3-5OpenVMS DiscussionForums3- 5 OpenVMS Discussion Forums%[\''=A5-1PCSI GenerationNumber5- 1 PCSI Generation Numberfl!--=A11-1XWindowsDisplayCommands11- 1 X Windows Display Commandsvl)55=A14-1I64Conversational BootstrapFlags14- 1 I64 Conversational Bootstrap Flagszl+77=A14-2AlphaConversational BootstrapFlags14- 2 Alpha Conversational Bootstrap Flagsvl)55=@14-3VAXConversational BootstrapFlags14- 3 VAX Conversational Bootstrap Flagsql&33=@14-4DE500SpeedandDuplexSettings14- 4 DE500 Speed and Duplex SettingsO\!!=A14-5DECMMJPin-out14- 5 DEC MMJ Pin-outM\  =A14-6PCDB9Pin-out14- 6 PC DB9 Pin-outY\&&=A14-7MicroVAXDB9Pin-out14- 7 MicroVAX DB9 Pin-outl-::=A14-8 DECconnectMMJ ConnectorsandAdapters14- 8 DECconnect MMJ Connectors and Adaptersh\"..=@15-1ClusterCommonSharedFiles15- 1 Cluster Common Shared Filesp *mSC)OTheOpenVMS FrequentlyAskedO: Questions(FAQ)OABSTRACTQOJThisdocumentcontainsanswerstomanycommon questionsontheJOOpenVMS operatingsystem,andcoversOpenVMS,andOpenVMStextFAQformat.f! <BOTheOpenVMSFAQis maintainedin DECdocumentSDMLGOformatandallFAQ maintenanceandtheprimaryoutputJO5fileformat conversionsare performedonOpenVMSsystems.KOFor informationonthe DECdocumentproduct,pleasecontactOTouch Technologies.I / )andyourresponsibility. LOThoughtheeditorofthisFAQisanemployeeofHewlett-GOPackardCompany(HP),thispostingandthe informationQO5 containedwithinthisFAQareisnotanofficial statementofKOHP,nora commitmentbyHP.All information,commentsorNOopinions included,citedor otherwise referencedheremayorUO>maynotreflectthestatedopinionsofHP,oftheeditor,orofOanyotherentity. VFOAll trademarks, registered trademarks, servicemarksandHO registered servicemarksusedor referencedherearetheKO5 propertiesoftheir respectiveowner(s)orholders.,PleasePOrouteany corrections,requestsorrelatedupdatestotheFAQ-OEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com) NGOTheredistribution, repostingand/orthe web-servingofGOcompleteand unalteredcopiesofthisFAQdocumentisAO5 permitted.'Otherusesonlywithprior permission.d!::OThemastercopyofthisFAQispostedat_"5 `m*m http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/faq:#HO TranslationsofthisFAQintovarious languagesmaybeNO available,pleasecontactthe maintainer(s)ofany translatedMO5documentfor assistanceorfeedback involvingthe particular-O translatededitionofthisFAQ.'c %OTable1-1:7CoreWebsites O  OFURLFContents Ob SOCoreOpenVMS Information, includingroadmapsandrelease schedules'$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/=OOpenVMSandCoreLayeredProduct Documentation+!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/uOCoreOpenVMSSupportSearchEngineURLs,theITRCsupportand discussionforums,andtheITRC%OFTP-accessablePatchAreacL0http://www2.itrc.hp.com/service/james/CPQhome.do (formerlytheNLSANaturalLanguage3Search Assistant,andformerlyAskQ.)!http://www.itrc.hp.com/0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/ OTheOpenVMSFreeware0&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/2OTheOpenVMSHobbyistLicenseProgram)g http://www.openvmshobbyist.org/P Fhttp://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/license_software_programs/index.html O D$%O 1.2 Introduction%Aq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.8d k7OTable1-2:7INFO-VAXMailServerCommands O OFCommandF Description Ob OHELP0Acquire informationonmailserverO$ SUBSCRIBEINFO-VAX&$JointothemailinglistO UNSUBSCRIBEINFO-VAX#LeavethemailinglistOSETINFO-VAXDIGESTMSelectperiodicomnibusmailmessagesfromthemailserver,Keratherthanmultiple individualmessagesforeachposting.!OSETINFO-VAXNODIGEST=SeparatemaildeliveryofeachmessagepostedOXSETINFO-VAXNOMAILTX Establishanemailaddressforposting,thoughnotfor receiving,mail.O SETINFO-VAXMAILV  Establishanemailaddressforbothpostingandfor receivingmail#mfromthemailinglist. O O &BO1.1BWhatcoreOpenVMSURLsdoyouneedtoknow?IOUIfyouhavenootherOpenVMSURLs bookmarked,youwill=OwanttobefamiliarwiththeURLslistedinxCore Websites:*&xp?'(Vj;O1.2BWhataretheOpenVMSUsenet Newsgroups?GO(Thereareahugenumberof newsgroups available,someMOofwhichdiscusstopicsofinteresttofolksusingOpenVMSFO operatingsystem.,Keyamongthesearethe comp.os.vms&O1 newsgroupandthevmsnet. -=*$l1 heirarchyof newsgroups.~)TGO1.2.1BWhatisthescopeofthe comp.os.vms newsgroup?BO4The comp.os.vms newsgroupistheprimary newsgroupGOfor discussionoftheHPOpenVMS operatingsystemandHOthecomputersystemsonwhichitruns., QuestionsaboutIO=layeredproductswhichrunonOpenVMSarealsowelcome,GOthoughmanyofthem(in particular,language compilersHOanddatabasesystems)havemorespecific newsgroups.,IfMOGaquestionhassome relationshiptoOpenVMS,itbelongsinO comp.os.vms/.g*V=CO1.2.2BWhat newsgroupscarry VMS-related information?O4Thevmsnet. ?*5P4 hierarchyisoperatedbythe EncompassDOusersgroup (formerlyknownasDECUS),andcontainsIOvarious newsgroupsof interest, including vmsnet.miscandO= vmsnet.alpha.+)`GOSprechenSieDeutsch?,BesuchenSiebitteden newsgroupOde.comp.os.vms.,! WLOThe comp.sys.dec newsgroupcarriesgeneral discussionsaboutKOvariousHPcomputersystems,and specificallysystemsthatMO5wereacquiredbyHPaspartofthe acquisitionofCompaq,EOsystemswhichhad previouslybeenacquiredbyCompaqMOaspartofthe acquisitionofDigital Equipment CorporationO> (DIGITAL).-NHOAlsoofinterestare resourcesand conferencingsystemsDO including Encompasserve (formerlyknownas DECUServe)2O5andKenFarmer's OpenVMS.Orgforums:.[ `m$mtelnet://eisner.decus.org/ `!http://www.openvms.org/&/ ;O1.2.3BWhat newsgrouparchivesare available?GO4 ExtensivearchivesofINFO-VAXmailingsand comp.os.vmsJOpostingsarearchivedand availableatSRIInternational:0O&http://mvb.saic.com/freeware/info-vax/t0JJOGooglealsohas extensive newsgrouparchives availableatU1+ `m mhttp://www.google.com/2! 8O1.2.4BWhatistheINFO-VAXmailinglist?DO4INFO-VAX isamailinglistwhichisbidirectionallyHO gatewayedtothe comp.os.vms newsgroup.)ThismeansthatKOpostingsto comp.os.vmsget automaticallysenttoINFO-VAXHO= subscribersandmessagessenttotheINFO-VAXlistare0O automaticallypostedto comp.os.vmsa3! 7EOINFO-VAXcanbeausefulwayto participateintheNO newsgroupifyoucan'taccessthe newsgroupdirectlythroughMO5a newsreader.(NotethatINFO-VAXisaclosedmailinglist,KOwhichmeansthatonly subscribersmayposttoit.+Please OseeSection1.2.4.18for informationonhowto subscribe,andNO>howyoucan subscribesuchthatyoucanpostfrommultipleLO addressesbutstillreceivenomorethanonecopyoftheO mailings.*3?64 UJOPleaserememberthat propogationdelayscananddovary,LOmeaningthatmailingsandpostingsmaybedelayedorevenVO5lost.(Itisquitepossiblethatpostingsmaynotbe deliveredforOOseveraldays,andthatsomepostingswillappearoutoftheOexpectedorder.5[BOFordetailsonthe available archives,pleaseseeSection1.2.3.*5F?/6NO1.2.4.1CHowdoI subscribetoor unsubscribefrom INFO-VAX?BO)The address for subscription requests is Info-VAX-HORequest[at]Mvb.Saic.Com.) SubscriptionrequestsarehandledJO automaticallybyamailserver.-ThismailserverignoresQO3thesubjectlineand processeseachlineofthemessageasaOcommand.7JOThesyntaxfor subscribingandunsubscribing,aswellasDOsettingvarious parametersonyour subscription,is:9ULOThemailserverisnotcase-sensitive;caseis irrelevant.OOSettingsandpoliciescanbe retrievedfromthemailserver,!O< typicallyusingHELP.:IOTheINFO-VAX moderatorcanbe contacteddirectlyatthe8OemailaddressMark.Berryman[at]Mvb.Saic.Com.# K; !&O1.3BWhatis [n]etiquette?ROUBeforepostingoremailinga question,pleaseusethe availableIOlocal resources,suchastheOpenVMSmanuals,theHELP,HOandthe resourcesand informationinand referencedbyRO^thisFAQ.Pleaseusethesefirst.)Alsoplease specificallyreadNOthereleasenotesand(if appropriate)thecoverletterforNOtheproductyouareusing.)(Thereleasenotesare generallyLOhplacedin SYS$HELP:.)+Quiteoften,thesesimplestepswillNOallowyoutoquicklyfindtheanswertoyourown question-KOandmorequicklythanwaitingforaresponsetoquestionOOrpostedtoa newsgroup,too.*Thesestepswillsaveyoutime,MOandwillalsohelpensureyouhaveagood reputationwithRO#thefolksthatmightbeincludedtoansweroneofyourfutureKO{ questions,aquestionnotcoveredinthese resources.-PutQOanotherway,ifyoudonotwantyour questionstobeignoredJO-inthe future-andpleaserememberthatthefolksintheO newsgroupsdo ynot6havetoansweryour questions-youwon'tOOwantto``annoythe natives''byaskingaquestionthathasKO6alreadybeenansweredfarmoretimesmorethanyoumightQOhave realized,oraquestionwhoseanswerisreadily available+Ohadyoumadeasmalleffort.r<HHOWhenposting,pleaseconsiderthe following suggestions: =  `mmThereis mno:m particularlyreliablewaytorecall,erase,Idelete,or otherwisehideamessageonceitisemailedBoronceposted..OnceyourmessagehasreachedanLwexternalemailserverormultiplenewsservers,theentireItextis effectivelya permanentfixtureofthenetwork.L(Andusingthe availablesearchengines,afixturethatisLeasytolocateandto correlate.*(DonotassumethatallJtoolsorarchiveswillhonorthe do-not-cache attributes,F2either-postingsmarkedassuchcanbeamongthemost5 interestingonestocache,afterall.)>! MWFordetailsonsomeofthemany available archives,please seeXSection1.2.3. `/N/Includeavalide-mailaddressinthetextofyourpostingCorina "signature"appendedtotheend.0Reply-toA addressesinheadersoftengetgarbled.. AnonymousI9 addressescanalsosimplybeignored,asfake addressesRare regularlyusedbyfolksthatare ``trolling''andbyfolksCthatare spamming.)(Thoughtoavoidspam-harvestingHBofyouremailaddress,consideradding charactersoraGfieldintothe address-butremembertoincludedetailsHaroundwhich charactersorfieldsshouldberemovedorHLalteredifyoudecidetobe particularlycleverhere.) `NIfyouare submittinga question,pleasebeasspecificasH$youcan.(Includerelevant informationsuchas processorD|type,productversions(OpenVMSandlayeredproductsCthatapply),error message(s),DCL command(s)used,I.andashort, reproducibleexampleof problems.'SaywhatMyou'vetriedsofar,sothateffortisn't duplicated.+KeepMinmindthatthere'snotyeta telepathyprotocolfortheJ7 Internet.)(Themoredetailedyour description,thebetter>thatpeoplecanhelpyouwithyour question.) `MIf respondingtoaposting,includeinyourreplyonlyasLhmuchoftheoriginalpostingasis necessaryto establishKcontext.*Asa guideline,considerthatifyou'veincludedF moretextthanyou'veadded,you'vepossiblyincludedHq toomuch.'Neverinclude signaturesandother irrelevant  material. `I NI Pleasebepolite.(Ifthequestionisn'twordedthewayyouI thinkiscorrectordoesn'tincludethe informationyouL want,trytoimaginewhattheproblemmightbeifviewedFS fromtheposter's perspective.,Requestsfor additionalH detailed informationareoftenbettersentthroughmail3 ratherthanpostedtothe newsgroup. ` I IfyouhaveaproblemwithHP(oranyother vendor's)H product,pleaseusethe appropriatesupportchannel.)DoL4 notassumethat newsgrouppostingswillgetread,willbeO  respondedtobythe appropriate developers,orwillbelater followedupupon. `eEeIfyouarepostingfromawebbrowser,newsreaderDorifyouarepostingviaemailsentto INFO-VAX,DpleaseturnoffMIME,vcard, attachments,andotherCn mechanismsthatassumeanyonereadingtheposthasDthe correspondingcapability-usethe text-onlyoptionI ofyourwebbrowser,newsreader,ormailer.)UsenetisFx traditionallya text-onlymedium,andmany comp.os.vmsN participantswillusetoolsthathavethissupport disabled,I)orthatdonothavethissupport.,IfthemessageusesHMIMEor attachmentsorsuch,thetextofyourmessageIwillbeburiedinalargepileof gibberish,andsomeO3toolswillsendmultiplecopiesofthetextwithinasingleposting. ` J Ifyoufindthatthepostingsofa particularuserareFcuninteresting, annoying,or off-topic,most newsreadersGincludeafilterorkillfile mechanism,andmanymail:clientshavesimilar filtering capabilities.PleasedonotNm ``flame''-toemailortopostvitriol-any individualthatPmightannoyyou,pleaseenableandfilterallofthatuser's postings.3+Postingofvitriolandof ``flames''willv eventuallyLwcomebacktohauntyou;netizensandthenetitselfhaveJaverylargeandaverylongmemory.( Similarly,readersK(thatdecidethatyourpostingsarenotworthyofreading=will similarlytendtofilterortokillfile <allofyour postings.0Pleaseplaynice,inotherwords.*>Xs?/K?!JOBeforepostingyourquestiontothe comp.os.vms newsgroupLOorsendingyourmessagetotheINFO-VAXlist,alsopleaseOO5takethetimetoreview available etiquette information,such`mwide(mftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/* news.answers/usenet/primer/part1`Ewide(Eftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/'news.answers/usenet/faq/part1`wide(ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/2v(news.answers/usenet/emily-postnews/part1`wide(ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/1M'news.answers/usenet/writing-style/part1`wide(ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/1%'news.answers/usenet/posting-rules/part1A |LOThis informationwilldocumentthe etiquetteof newsgroups,OOaswellas providingyouwiththe knowledgethevastamountNO5ofnewsgroup-related informationthatisreadily availableto+Oyou,andwheretofindit... _UNote _FPleasedonotpostsecurityholesorsystemcrashersBz@WRather,pleasereporttheseproblemsdirectlytoCHP.Why?*SothatHPhasachancetoresolveandE distributeafixbeforeothercustomersitescanbea affected.CEWMostfolksinthe newsgroupsarehonestanddeserveAtoknowabout potentialsecurity problems,butaDfewfolkscanandwillmake nefarioususeofthisCasame information.*Othersiteswill hopefullyreturnGthe courtesy,andwillnotpost informationthatwillB potentially compromiseyoursiteandyourcomputerk environment. bD 8=O1.4BWhatOpenVMSusergroup(s)are available?KOU Encompass,the Enterprise Computing Association,isauserLOgroup comprisedof information technology professionalsthatMOare interestedintheEnterprise-oriented products, services,GO^and technologiesofCompaqandoftheformerDIGITAL.HO Encompassoffers newsletters,the Encompasswebsite,andIOoffersvarious gatheringsandrelated services, including?Ohsymposiaeventsandlocalusersgroup meetings.EHO Encompassisa descendentofthe organizationknownasDODECUS,theDigital EquipmentComputerUsersSociety.FcDOFormore informationon Encompass, pleasevisittheO Encompasswebsite:ZG0 `m%mhttp://www.encompassus.org/HNCOThe organization comprisedof customersofHewlett-EOPackardCompany(HP)thatisprobablymost analogous8O5tothe Encompass organizationisInterex:VI, `m!mhttp://www.interex.org/;J! OOLike Encompass,InterexoffersvariousservicesandeventsofROinteresttofolksthat presentlyworkwithand/orthatwishtoPO5learnaboutHPproductsand offerings.'PleaseseetheInterex Owebsitefordetails.LW%""O 2.2General! InformationXAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.j! EO2.2BWhatisthe differencebetweenVMSandOpenVMS?GOUVMSandOpenVMSaretwonamesforthesame operatingIOsystem.+ Originally,the operatingsystemwascalledVAX-GO11/VMS;itchangedtoVAX/VMSataroundVAX/VMSV2.0.HO^WhentheVMS operatingsystemwasportedtotheAlphaKO platform,itwasrenamedOpenVMS,forbothVAXandAlphaRO(andfortheItanium ProcessorFamily),inparttosignifytheOOhhighdegreeofsupportforindustry standardssuchasPOSIX,=OwhichprovidesmanyfeaturesofUNIXsystems.kaJOForthoseversionswithPOSIX,anOpenVMSlicenseallowsMOyoutoinstallandrunPOSIXforOpenVMSatno additionalLO5charge;allyouneedisthemediaand documentationwhichGOcanbefoundonthe Consolidated DistributionandOn-AOLine DocumentationCD-ROMs.,SupportforthePOSIXKO>packageonmorerecentOpenVMSreleasesisnot available,IOvariouspartsofPOSIXsuchascallsfromtheAPIareFObeing integratedmoredirectlyintoOpenVMS.Formore@OH informationonPOSIXforVMSseequestionSOFT2l DOWhatbecame confusingisthattheOpenVMSnamewasBO introducedfirstforOpenVMSAXPV1.0causingtheCO5 widespread misimpressionthatOpenVMSwasforAlphaMOAXPonly,while ``regularVMS''wasforVAX.Infact,theOOofficialnameoftheVAX operatingsystemwaschangedasofTO>V5.5,thoughthenamedidnotstarttobeactuallyusedintheOproductuntilV6.0. 2OTable2-1:7OpenVMSAlphaMediaKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QA-MT1AG-H8SyOpenVMSAlphaV6.2-1H3hardwarereleaseCD-ROM;alsorequiresQA-y MT1AA-H8.6.2Oq QA-MT1AR-H8>yqOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT1AT-H8>yOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMOe QA-MT1AU-H8>yeOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-2 maintenancereleaseCD-ROMO QA-MT3AA-H8LyOpenVMSAlphaandVAXproductsand documentationonCD-ROMOX QA-MT3AE-H8=yXOpenVMSAlphaandVAX documentationonCD-ROM O d J 3OTable2-2:7OpenVMSI64OrderNumbers O OFPartyF Description Ob O BA322AA#???$yOpenVMSI64FOEProductO$ BA323AA#???$y$OpenVMSI64EOEProductO BA324AA#???%yOpenVMSI64MCOEProduct O T!:2OTable2-3:7OpenVMSI64MediaSuffix O OFSuffixyF Description Ob  OA18-yOpenVMSI64FOEV8.2DVDmedia O$AJR(y$OEmediakitonDVDmedia O0D1yFactory installation O "i 7?6OTable2-4:7OpenVMSSourceListingsKits O OFPartyF Description Ob O QB-MT1AB-E8=yOpenVMSAlphaSourceListingskitandlicenseO$ QT-MT1AB-Q83y$OpenVMSAlphaSourceListingsUpdatesOBA422AA;yOpenVMSI64SourceListingskitandlicenseO QB-001AB-E8;yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingskitandlicenseO QT-001AB-Q81yOpenVMSVAXSourceListingsUpdatesO BA422AA;y OpenVMSI64sourcelistingskitandlicense O1 1wnUGO2.5BIsHP continuingfundingandsupportforOpenVMS?OUYes.xHOActive developmentofnewOpenVMSreleasesis underway,7Oaswellasthe continuationofsupport.yiJOPleaseseethe followingURLsfordetails, roadmaps,andOrelated information:\z2 `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ #$n|8O2.7BInwhatlanguageisOpenVMSwritten?DOUOpenVMSiswritteninawidevarietyof languages.! aq>OIn no particular order,"OpenVMS components areGO implementedusingBliss,Macro,Ada,PLI,VAXandDECGO5C,Fortran,UIL,VAXandAlphaSDL,Pascal,MDL,DECHOC++,DCL,Message,and Document.+Andthisis certainlyLOnotacompletelist.+However,therumorisNOTtruethatKO>anattemptwasmadetowritepiecesofOpenVMSineveryMO supportedlanguagesothattheRun-Time LibrariescouldnotIObe unbundled.((APL,BASIC,COBOLandRPGarejustsome0OHofthe languagesNOT represented!)WLOTherearealargevarietyofsmalland not-so-smalltoolsKOandDCLcommand proceduresthatareusedaspartoftheIO5OpenVMSbuild,andasourcecodecontrolsystemcapableLOof maintainingoverahundredthousandsourcefilesacrossFOmultipleparallel development projects,and overlappingO> releases.%$&waCO2.9BDoesOpenVMSsupporttheEurocurrencysymbol?%OUOpenVMScangeneratetheRU%xA4$>U charactercodeusedforFOtheEuro,andthe DECwindowsDECtermcandisplaytheJOglyph.-Pleasecheckwiththevendorofyourterminalor7O^terminalemulatorfor additionaldetails.)] U=OTable2-5:7OpenVMSAlphaVersion Rule-Of-Thumb O OGenericbFMicroprocessorb GenerationFOpenVMSVersionGeneralComments O  OEV4b21064V1.0<fewsystems;mostEV4requirelater;upgradeE available OEV5b21164V6.2( subsequentupgrade availableO8EV56b821164A=8V6.2-1H3 subsequentupgradetoV7.1andlater OEV6b21264V7.1-2? subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orlaterO,EV67b,21264A,V7.1-2?, subsequentupgrade typicallytoV7.2-1orlaterOEV68$b21264B,CandDyV7.2-1@believed/probable; currentlyan unconfirmedexpec-tation O \ ' &(HobbesisaMicroVAX3100Model40forwhichBfreeaccessandaccountsare availabletoOpenVMSIw enthusiasts.'ThissystemhasBASIC,Pascal,Fortran,andIC compilers installed.+Ifyouwouldlikeanaccounton,(Hobbes,pleaseseetheFAQat{bQ h&Yhhttp://www.hobbesthevax.com/ `%OpenVMSGalaxy Test-Drive@@HP currentlyoffersanOpenVMSGalaxy Test-DriveGsystem,basedonan AlphaServer4100series configuredGastwo instancesoftheOpenVMS operatingsystem.(For"Idetails,pleasevisit:  h&Yhhttp://www.testdrive.hp.com/ `HPDSPP Test-DriveG@TheHPDSPPprogramoffersvarious test-drivesystems,D includinganHP IntegrityItanium developmentsystemHandanHPOpenVMSI64 installationonanHP IntegrityHIrx2600server.(FordetailsontheDSPPprogramandon9the test-drivesystems,pleaseseesectionSection2.8.3 candpleasevisit:*e?] h&Yhhttp://www.testdrive.hp.com/ !Yhttp://www.hp.com/dspp/FWThe test-drivesystemsdorequire registration,though-accesstothesystemsisfree. `// EncompasserveA EncompasserveoffersfreeaccessanOpenVMSAlphasystem. h$Yhtelnet://eisner.decus.org/ `OpenECSE@OpenECSoffersfreeaccesstoaVAX6000model5302system.'If interested,pleasevisit:-  h#Yhhttp://vax6k.openecs.org/ ` TheDeathrowClusterE@The maintainersoftheDeathrowClusterofferaccess@toanOpenVMSVAXandanOpenVMSAlphasystem,% configuredinacluster.A  h'Yhtelnet://deathrow.vistech.net `3The PreatorianPublicOpenVMSClusterI@The maintainersoftheDeathrowClusterofferaccesstoFanOpenVMSAlphacluster.+Detailsareatthewebsitelistedbelow:X. h#Yhhttp://www.preatorian.net*(+n7O2.13CHowcanIsubmitOpenVMS Freeware?POUForthe guidelinesand submissioninfo,pleasevisittheURL:e; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/NAOToorderthecurrentOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMkitKO (shippingandhandlingchargesapply),pleaserequestpartO5number QA-6KZAA-H8. +*,3O2.14CPorting applicationstoOpenVMS?FOUPortingcanrangefromsimpletorathercomplex,andHOdependsonthefeaturesusedontheoriginal platform.X .GOThissectioncoversgenericporting,andportingamong;OOpenVMSVAXOpenVMSAlpha, andOpenVMSI64.=O5(PortingamongOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlphaandMOOpenVMSI64isoftenquitesimpleandinvolveslittlemoreNOthan rebuildingfromsource,thoughafew applicationsusingRO>featuresspecifictotheplatformorthe architecture,orusingKO undocumentedor unsupported interfacescanandlikelywill7Orequiresome additionalefforttoport.)W;OSeveral!manuals on porting from OpenVMS VAX>Oto OpenVMS Alpha are available in the OpenVMSGO5 documentationset, including informationonportingVAXBOMacro32 assemblercodetotheMacro32compileronFOOpenVMSAlpha,on management differences,on upgrading9O> privilegedcode,and application migration:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/YJO DocumentationonportingtoOpenVMSI64is available,asOwell.v LLODetailsontheC programming environmentare availableat:V `m7m-http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/c_ index.htmluKKODetailsonportingVAXCtoHPCareare availableat:W `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/c/index_vax.htme;;OAnOpenVMSPortingLibraryis availableat:va L `mAm7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.htmlNEO Informationonthe EnterpriseToolkit,a Visual-basedFO development environmentfor developing applicationsforEO5OpenVMSusinga Microsoft platform,is availableat:X `m9m/http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/et/et_ index.htmlh@ODetailsonDCE,CORBA, BridgeWorks,andCOM/DCOM(O middlewareis availableat:w M `mBm8http://www.openvms.compaq.com/commercial/middleware.htmllBBO InformationontheCOE standardsis availableat:Z0 `m%mhttp://diicoe.disa.mil/coe/ `DOAwidevarietyof programming developmenttoolsandDO middlewareare availableas commercialproducts(eg:?O5DECset,IBM WebSphere MQ-formerly MQseries),andPOvarioustoolsarealso availableas sharewareoras Freeware.IOPleaseseeothersectionsofthisFAQ,andpleasesee:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/dspp_catalog",+-pFFO2.15CWhat resourcesare availabletoOpenVMSsoftware'( developers?EOTheHP DeveloperandSoftwareProductPartner(DSPP)LOprogramisopentoandintendedtosupportandtoassistFO^HPOpenVMSsoftware partners, consultants,andserviceO providers:V, `m!mhttp://www.hp.com/dspp/ mMODSPPprovidesmemberswithvarious benefits,pleaseseethe Owebsitefordetails.! GOForthosenotfamiliarwiththeDSPPprogramorwithEOitshistory, theDIGITAL AssociationofSoftwareandCO5 ApplicationPartners(ASAP)programandtheDIGITALBO IndependentSoftwareVendorsNetwork(ISVN)programHOwere incorporatedintotheCompaqCSAprogram,andtheLO>CSAprogramhas subsequentlybeen incorporatedintotheHPODSPPprogram.pOPleaseseeSection2.8.31for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?'.-/w wM.O2.17CBasicUnitsof Measurement?FOUOpenVMSandthe underlyinghardwareusevariousunitsIOof measurementfordiskandmemorystorage,andrelatedRO abbreviationsalso typicallyexist.'Thissectioncoversthemost>O^commonunits,andthe associatedabbreviations. OUnderOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha,thediskMOvolumeblocksizeis consistent,witheachblock containingO5512bytes.?OThe minimum!disk allocation granularity actuallyFO permissible(intheODS-2andODS-5volume structuresCO5commonlyusedonOpenVMS)is determinedonaper-POvolumebasis,andis typicallybasedona combinationoftheMOtotalnumberblocksonthediskvolumeandthetotalsizeIO>ofthevolumestoragebitmap.,The allocation granularityNOisknownasthevolumecluster factor-theclusterfactorisTOthenumberofblocksinadiskcluster,anditisthesmallestOOHnumberofblocksthatcanbe allocatedona particulardiskOvolume.Q'HOPriortoOpenVMSV7.2,themaximum permissiblesizeofLOthebitmaprequireslargerclusterfactorsasvolumesizesNO5 increase.*StartingwithV7.2,thebitmapcanbelarger,andEOclusterfactorsassmallasoneblockcanbeused. aFOThenumberofbytes inafilecanbe determinedbyPO multiplyingthenumberofblocks allocatedforthefiletimesUO5thenumberofbytesinablock.'For sequentialfiles(only),theGOFFB (XAB$W_FFB,intheFileHeaderXAB)valuecanbeOOusedtofindouthowmuchofthelast (XAB$L_EBK)blockisNO>used.(FFBandEBKare meaningfulonlyfor sequentialfiles,MOandonlyinalimitedcontext-partialblock allocationsarePOnot permitted.(Forotherfileformats,theEOFmarkerisnotOH meaningful.! WMODisk allocationsalwaysoccuronlyinunitsoftheclusterKOfactors,whichcanbefromoneblockupto (potentially)OO5clustersofeighteenblocksormore, dependingonthevolumeKOclusterfactor.*(OpenVMSV7.2andlater optionallyprovideSOforaclusterfactorofoneuptovolumesof approximately137O> gigabytes.) WKOOpenVMSassumesthatthedevicedriverandthe underlyingNOstoragedevicewillpresentthefilesystemwith addressableLO5unitsofstorageof512bytesinsize,orthe appearance@Oofsame.1Various third-partyCD-ROMdevices, forKO instance,supportonly2048byteblocks,andsuchdevicesKO>are incompatiblewiththestandardOpenVMSdevicedrivers.WGOTo determinethenumberofbytesrequiredforafileKOfromDCL,oneoptionusesthef$file_attributesitemEOF,UO5 multipliedbythesizeofablockinbytes(512).(ThisdoesnotSOaccountfortheunusedspaceinthelastblockofa sequentialUOfile,butitalsodoesnothaveto differentiate sequentialfilesO>fromotherfiles.;=O2.17.2CHowmanybytesareinamemorypage?IO4Amemorypageistheminimumunitofmemory allocationDOinOpenVMS.WithOpenVMSVAX,thememorypagesizeGOmatchesthediskblocksize:'itisalways512bytes. WGOWithOpenVMSAlpha,thememorypagesizeis variable,LOanditcanrangefrom8192bytes(8 kilobytes)upto64KO5 kilobytes.*Thecurrentsystempagesizecanbe determinedJOusingthe sys$getsyiorf$getsyi PAGE_SIZEitem.'ProgramsMOwith hardcoded constantsforthememorypagesize(orpageOO> alignment)shouldalwaysassumeapagesizeof64 kilobytes.IOOnOpenVMSI64,thememorypagesizeisalso variable,LOrangingfrom4096bytes(4 kilobytes)upto256 megabytesGO5(MB)and potentiallyupto4 gigabytes(GB).AswithEOOpenVMSAlpha, sys$getsyiandf$getsyiandthePAGE_HOSIZEitemcodecanandshouldbeusedto determinetheMO>currentsystempagesize.(Ingeneral,OpenVMSI64willuse7Oapagesizeof8 kilobytes,orlarger.! NHOOnOpenVMSAlphaandonOpenVMSI64,a512byteareaIOofmemory- equivalentinsizetoanOpenVMSVAXmemory:O5page-isoftenreferedtoasa ``pagelet''.Q'IO2.17.3CHowdoIconvert?'DiskBlocks?&KB,MB,GB,TB?OO4Thesmallest granularityofdiskstorage addressingiscalledLOadiskblock,or sometimesadisksector.-GroupsofdiskNOblocksareusually organizedtogetherintothesmallestunitVO=ofstoragethatcanbe allocated,andthisunitiscalledadiskMOcluster.-ThenumberofblocksinaclusteristheclusterROfactor,andis establishedwhenthediskvolumeis initialized.T! *POEach individualdiskblockiscomposedoffivehundredtwelveOO(512)bytes,orone-half kilobyte.)Eachbyteis comprisedofQO5eightbits.)Abit representsthesmallestunitof information,:O typicallyreferedtoasaoneorazero.NLOOpenVMStendstousesbasetwonotationfordiskstorage,MOwhilediskstoragecapacityspecificationsfrommoststorage=O5vendorswill generallyusebaseten notation.}QOAnOpenVMSdiskblockis512bytesinsize;thisisone-half,Okilobyteinbasetwo notation.e #;LOThe followingtable describestheprefix,the abbreviation,LOandthe associatedbaseten(asusedby marketingandbyJO5storagevendors)andbasetwo(OpenVMSandvariousother&O operatingsystems)values.Base%TenBase&TwoEZ --------------------------------p-------------------------OKilobyteJ(KB)J10**31000p2**10 1024OMegabyteJ(MB)J10**6j1000000p2**20 1048576O2GigabyteJ(GB)J10**92 1000000000p2**30 2 1073741824 OzTerabyteJ(TB)J10**12z 1000000000000p2**40z 1099511627776KOPetabyteJ(PB)J10**151000000000000000p2**501125899906842624PO Exabytep(EB)J10**18&1000000000000000000p2**60%1152921504606846976 4OThebasetenrepresentationofthe2 G**'40valueis1099511627776,OOwhichis obviouslyratherugly.'WhenviewedasabaseeightLO5orbasesixteen(octalor hexadecimal, respectively)value,QOthevalueisfarnicer.) Specifically,thevalueis 10000000000HOand40000000when representedinoctaland hexadecimal,O> respectively. FAQNotation @HWithintheOpenVMSFAQ,athousandbits(eitherFassumingbasetwoorbaseten,as determinedbytheMcontext)isreferedtoasakilobit,andisalwaysrepre-GRsentedbythe appreviationKb,whileathousandbytesLisreferedtoasakilobyteandisalways abbreviatedasEKB.Similar notationalusagealsoholdsforMegabitsD[(Mb)and Megabytes(MB),andforthevariousotherunits. z PJOOpenVMS operatingsystem referencestosystemandstorageTOare generallytothebase-twoversion(eg:'1024,inthecaseofNO5akilobyteorkilobit)whilestoragehardware referencesandNOhardwarespecificationsare generallytothebase-tenversionO(eg:'1000). WNOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(basetwo) kilobytes(KB;QO1024bytes),simplydividebytwo.)Toconvertblocksto(baseMO5two) megabytes,divideby2048.*Blocksto(basetwo)giga-OObytes(GB),divideby2097152.'These particular divisionscanPOalsobe performedusing bitshifts:+todivideavaluebytwo,GO>shiftthebinaryvalue rightwardbyonebit position.wIOToconvertOpenVMSdiskblocksto(baseten) kilobytes,.Odivideby approximately 1.953125.>! QOForthosefolkswithaninterestinodd applicationsforpre-OOfixes,and particularlyforthosefolksalso rummagingaroundKO5deepwithintheOpenVMS operatingsystem,amicrofortnight)Ois approximatelyonesecond./.0E%O 3.2 DocumentationAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.103 )HO3.2BWhatonline informationandwebsitesare available?COUOnyourOpenVMSsystem,theHELPcommandcanpro-NOvideawealthof information,notonlyonDCLcommandsbutFOonsystemservices(HELPSystem_Services)andRun-TimeBO^Libraryroutines(HELPRTL_Routines).-The introduc-HOtion displayedwhenyoutypetheHELPcommandwithnohavebeen presentedatvariousDECUS symposia.=O3http://www.mcsr.olemiss.edu/unixhelp/VMStoUNIX.htmliA comparisontableofvarious command-leveltasks,with informationontheUNIXandLILinuxshell command(s),andontheOpenVMSDCL command(s).$O HPOpenVMS Documentation+O=!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/gVarious introductoryguidesaswellasmoreadvancedmanualsare availableinthe= OpenVMSandlayeredproduct documentationset.O~ HPOpenVMSTraining2O (http://www.compaq.com/training/home.html6OE ,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/wbt/index.htmln HPofferstraining informationand TechnicalResourceKits(TRKs)andotherTrainingforX OpenVMS.AnOpenVMS certification (testing)programisalso available.&O http://www.jcameron.com/vms/ AnOpenVMSQuiz"Oy http://www.CCSScorp.com/H CCSS InteractiveLearninghasOpenVMStraining materials"Om http://www.acersoft.com/ l O  OURLSponsor O IxAcerSoftTraining information,andShannonKnowsPunditry Ohttp://www.mindiq.com/'lMindIQtraining information#Ohttp://www.quadratrix.be/h_ Quadratrix;OpenVMS training,productsand services; affiliatedwithGlobal KnowledgeandKeyJob O 8z P OTable3-3:7DPBooks O OFTitleandAuthorFISBN Ob )OGettingStartedwithOpenVMSOMichaelD.Duffy 1-55558-279-61OqGettingStartedwithOpenVMSSystem#O Management,2ndEdition(O DavidDonaldMiller,etalq 1-55558-243-52O IntroductiontoOpenVMS,5thEditionOLesleyOgilvieRice 1-55558-194-3#OM IntroductiontoOpenVMSODavidWBynonM 1-878956-61-25OOpenVMSAlpha Internals:) SchedulingandObProcessControl 1-55558-156-09OOpenVMSAXP InternalsandData Structures:O)Version1.5 1-55558-120-X,OOpenVMSSystem ManagementGuideOBaldwin,etal 1-55558-143-97OjTheOpenVMSUser'sGuide,SecondEditionOPatrickHolmayj 1-55558-203-60O2Using DECwindowsMotifforOpenVMSOMargieSherlock2 1-55558-114-5=OVAX/VMS InternalsandData Structures:"Version OF 5.2 1-55558-059-9O3.5BWherecanIlearnaboutOpenVMS executive( internals?GOTheOpenVMS InternalsandData Structuremanual(IDSM)COexplainshowtheOpenVMS executiveworks..ThebookGO^coversthe operatingsystemkernel:+process management;DOmemory management;theI/O subsystem;andthemech-MOanismsthattransfercontrolto,from,andamongthese.+ItROhgivesanoverviewofa particularareaofthesystem,followedSOby descriptionsofthedata structuresrelatedtothatareaand>Odetailsofthecodethat implementsthearea.! WLOThefirsteditionoftheOpenVMSAlpha internalsbookde-POscribesVersion1.5.'AlthoughtherehavebeenseveralreleasesNO5ofOpenVMSAlphasinceVersion1.5(V6.1,V6.2,V7.0,V7.1,MOetc)andmanydetailsinthebookarenolonger accurate,LOit continuestoprovideastrong conceptual descriptionofO>OpenVMS internals.WNOThisbookhasbeensplitintofivepieces,eachtobeup-MOdated separately.*Thefirstsuchvolume, publishedinearlyHO51997,was"OpenVMSAlpha InternalsandData Structures:JO SchedulingandProcess Control,"whichcoverstheVersionJO7.0implementationoftruemultithreadingandthechanged)O> schedulingmodelitimplies.dNOThe internalsbooksare availablethroughDigitalPress,seeOSection3.6*O|? :f #d < .OTable3-4:7OpenVMSMailingLists O OF SubscriptionFInterestArea Ob 2OOpenVMSFreewarearchive announcementOlistFSupdate@goatley.com&FSupdate-request@goatley.com  1-OTwo-wayechoofvmsnet.internals&VMSnet-Internals@goatley.com.$VMSnet-Internals-request@goatley.com  1GOVOpenVMSAlpha Internals discussionsAlpha-IDS@goatley.com'Alpha-IDS-request@goatley.com   1O,BLISS discussions,BLISSters@goatley.com'BLISSters-request@goatley.com l 14OProcessSoftwareMultiNetmailinglistOP(newsgateway)#Info-MultiNet@process.com+_!Info-MultiNet-request@process.com t C 13OProcessSoftwareTCPwaremailinglistO&(newsgateway)"Info-TCPware@process.com*5 Info-TCPware-request@process.com   17OProcessSoftwarePMDFmailinglist(newsOgateway)Info-PMDF@process.com' Info-PMDF-request@process.com $  18OTheSoftware Resources International(SRI),O CHARON-VAXVAXemulatorpackage&CHARON-VAX-Users@process.com.$CHARON-VAX-Users-request@process.com  15O[ Info-Zip'sZip&UnZip discussionlist[Info-Zip@wku.edu"Info-Zip-Request@wku.edu _  1-O1  RADIUS-VMS,aRADIUSserverfor$O~ OpenVMS discussionforum1 radius-vms@dls.net$~ radius-vms-request@dls.net  b 17O InternetService Providers(ISPs)runningOF OpenVMS vms-isps@dls.net"T vms-isps-request@dls.net / 8 16O UsersofMarkDaniel'sWASDwebserver0O forOpenVMSVAXandAlphaexists.>Oi  Informationaboutthislistserveranddetails?O onhowto subscribetothelistare available'O atthe referencedwebsite.! http://wasd.vsm.com.au/O~ VMSForum5~ +http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/comp/ava/vms_  forum.htmlx O  OT 1mp Thisisthe subscriptionaddress.Usually,youwillwanttosendamailmessagewithnosubjectline,anda SUBSCRIBEor?O HELPcommandinthebodyofthemailmessage. O ;% q2OTable3-5:7OpenVMS DiscussionForums O &OF DescriptionQForumLocation Ob %OThe comp.os.vms newsgroup$news:comp.os.vmsOHPITRCForumsMChttp://forums.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/familyhome.do?familyId=288O3.7BWhatOpenVMSmailinglistsandforumsare( available?KOVariousOpenVMSmailinglistsare available,withsomeof-Othe availablelistsdetailedin[Table3-4,asarethevarious O^ discussionforumsinB^Table3-5.*"[c?#*"B!a?%$! KOVariousOpenVMS discussionforumsare available,withsome1Oofthe availablelistsdetailedinTable3-5.*$a?%~ < 9=:&! MO3.8BWhatisthisAskTheWizardwebsiteI'veheardabout?EO(TheHPOpenVMSAskTheWizard(ATW)websitewasanJOinformalarea discussingOpenVMS, containing questionsand4Oanswersonawidevarietyoftopics.' ` `D$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums)( rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*(|?&E) OOToaccessacitedtopic directly,usetheURLfilenameWIZ_IOtopic-number.HTML,orusethetopicsearchengine.)CitedPO5topicsareshownin parentheses,andactasuniquetopicad-POdresses.(TheseshouldnotbeconfusedwiththerelativetopicPOnumbersshownatthesite.'Forexample,thetopic(1020)canKO>beaccesseddirectlyusingtheURLfilenamewiz_1020.html,HOatthewebsitethatthe followingURLresolvesinto:c*9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/+ WPOAziparchive(named wizard.zip) containingalloftheavail-MOabletopicsand questionscanbe downloadedfromtheaboveJO5URL.The wizard.zipziparchiveis completely regeneratedQOwhen/ifexistingtopicspostedouttotheATWwebsiteareup-NOdated.*Copiesofthis wizard.ziparchivealso generallyship5O>outontheOpenVMS Freeware,aswell.,NLONew (informal) questionsand discussionsarenowbeingdi-GOrectedawayfromtheATWareatotheITRCarea,and:O5 specificallytotheITRC discussionforums:V-, `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/>=?N1%$$O 4.2Time!and! Timekeeping2 X8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.KOThischapter discussestime, timekeeping,systemtimesyn-QO chronization,clockskewandclockdrift, implicationsofusing:O^SUBMIT/AFTER=TOMORROW,andother time-relatedOtopics.6I?+>@3DO4.1BAbriefhistoryofOpenVMS Timekeeping,please?COUWhydoesOpenVMSregardsNovember17,1858asthe O beginningoftime...4DOThemodifiedJuliandateadoptedbythe SmithsonianIO Astrophysical Observatory(SAO)for satellitetrackingisJO5JulianDay 2400000.5,whichturnsouttobemidnightonONovember17,1858.5! POSAOstartedtracking satelliteswithan8K (nonvirtual)36-bitLOIBM704in1957whenSputnikwentintoorbit.)TheJulianLO5daywas2435839onJanuary1,1957.)Thisis11225377oc-WOtal,whichwastoobigtofitintoan18-bitfield.'Withonly8KPOofmemory,the14bitsleftoverbykeepingtheJuliandateKO>initsown36-bitwordwouldhavebeenwasted.+SAOalsoSOneededthefractionofthecurrentday(forwhich18bitsgaveMOenough accuracy),soitwasdecidedtokeepthenumberofWOHdaysintheleft18bitsandthefractionofadayintheright"O18bitsofoneword.6! _NOEighteenbitsallowsthe truncatedJulianDay(theSAOday)MOtogrowaslargeas262143,whichfromNovember17,1858,RO5allowedfor7 centuries.( Possibly,thedatecouldonlygrowasWOlargeas131071(using17bits),butthisstillcovers3 centuriesOOandleavesthe possibilityof representingnegativetime.)TheOO>1858dateprecededtheoldeststar catalogueinuseatSAO,QOwhichalsoavoidedhavingtousenegativetimeinanyofthe,O satellitetracking calculations. 7 JOTheoriginalJulianDay(JD)isusedby astronomersandOO expressedindayssincenoonJanuary1,4713B.C.Thismea-NO5sureoftimewas introducedbyJosephScaligerinthe16thNOcentury.+Itisnamedinhonorofhisfather,JuliusCaesarLOScaliger(notethatthisJulianDayis differentfromtheMO>JuliancalendarthatisnamedfortheRomanEmperorJuliusO Caesar!).8 KOWhy4713BC?ScaligertracedthreetimecyclesandfoundVOthattheywereallinthefirstyearoftheircylein4713B.C.QO5Thethreecyclesare15,19,and28yearslong.(By multiply-)Oingthesethreenumbers(15 [* 19 **I28=7980),hewasabletoEO representanydatefrom4713B.C.through3267A.D.9IOThestartingyearwasbeforeany historicaleventknownPOtohim.*Infact,theJewishcalendarmarksthestartoftheOO5worldas3761B.C.Todayhis numberingschemeisstillusedLOby astronomerstoavoidthe difficultiesof convertingtheMOmonthsof different calendarsinuseduring differenteras.O:%%OThe followingwebsites:; 3 `m>m4http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/year-2000/leap.html `E)Ehttp://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ `http://www.nist.gov/ `D/D%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `5+http://www.tondering.dk/claus/calendar.html `B@B6http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Things/gregorian_ calendar.html `$http://www.timeanddate.com<rLOareallgood time-related resources,withsomegeneraland&OsomespecifictoOpenVMS.k=AAO4.1.1BDetailsoftheOpenVMSsystem time-keeping?d>::O4.1.1.1CVAXhardware time-keeping details...? O 4.1.1.1.1CTOYclock1KThisisbatterybackeduphardwareQO(timing circuitryusedtokeepthecorrecttimeofyearduringKO rebooting,power failures,andsystem shutdown.*ThisclockQOonlykeepstrackofmonths,days,andtime.'ThetimeiskeptQO2relativetoJanuary1st,at 00:00:00.00oftheyeartheclockIOwas initiailized.)TheVAX Time-Of-Year(TOY)clock(usedVOtosavethetimeoverarebootorpowerfailure)is specifiedasQO<havinganaccuracyof0.0025%.(Thisisadriftofroughly65Osecondspermonth.@NKOTheVAXIntervalTimeisusedtokeeptherunningtime,SOandthishasa specifiedaccuracyof.01%.*Thisisadriftof1O5 approximately8.64secondsperday.LA"IOAnyhigh-IPLactivitycan interferewiththeIPL22orGOIPL24(thisdependsontheVAXimplementation)clockLO5interrupts-activitiessuchas extensivedevicedriverinter-FOruptsormemoryerrorsareknowntoslowtheclock.RB(#O 4.1.1.1.2CEXE$GQ_SYSTIME%hThisistheOpenVMSVAXPO(systemtimecell.(Thiscellcontainsthenumberof100nsin-OOtervalssinceaknown reference.(Thiscellis incrementedbyAO100000every10msbyanhardwareintervaltimer.C! $O 4.1.1.1.3CEXE$GQ_TODCBASE.ThiscellcontainsthetimeandLO(datethesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItFOusesthesameformatasEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.On adjustmentLOofthesystemtimeacopyofEXE$GQ_SYSTIMEisstoredinUO2thiscellinbothmemoryandondisk.(Thiscellisusedtoget,Otheyearforthesystemtime.XD U. O 4.1.1.1.4C EXE$GL_TODR4ThiscellcontainsthetimeanddateLO(thesystemtimewaslastadjustedby EXE$SETTIME.ItusesLOthesameformatasthetimeofyearclock.*On adjustmentPOofthesystemtimethiscellgetssavedbacktobothmemoryUO2anddisk.)Thecontentsofthiscellareusedtotestthevalid-JOityoftheTOYclock.(Thesystem parametersSETTIMEandAOTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinehowthesystemtimewillO<beset.E7 `m<mIFSETTIME=0andtheTOYclockisvalidETHENthecontentsoftheTOYclockarecomparedto!thoseof EXE$GL_TODR.cF! 9JOKIFtheTOYclockismorethanadaybehind EXE$GL_TODR7YTHENtheTOYclockispresumedinvalid. #BY#IFtheTOYclockiswithinadayof EXE$GL_TODR?Y|THENthesystemtimeis calculatedasfollows: /YEXE$GQ_SYSTIME=EXE$GQ_TODCBASE+&YT ((TOY_CLOCK- EXE$GL_TODR) _*T100000) `=IFSETTIME=1ortheTOYclockisinvalid:+THENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determines.howtoresetthetimeofyear.%G! D"OAIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT>0CYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddate,=YforalengthoftimeequaltoTIMEPROMPTWAITYKmicrofortnights. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0@Y#THENthetimeofyearisthevalueofEXE$GL_Y{TODR+10ms. "YIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0+YStoproceeduntiltheydoso. GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandY+unable8H @OWhenbootingaCD-ROM containinganOpenVMSVAXMOsystem,thesystemwill typicallybe deliberately configuredTO5prompttheusertoinputthetime-thisis necessaryinorder-Otobootwiththecorrecttime.MI #?OIfeitherTIMEPROMPTWAITorSETTIMEaresettoMOzero,OpenVMSVAXwillusetheTOYclocktogetthetimeOO5ofyear,andtheyearwillbefetchedfromthe distributionKOmedium.)Thevalueoftheyearonthe distributionmediumPO(savedwithintheSYS.EXEimage)willmostlikelybethatofKO>whenthekitwas mastered,andcannotbechanged.)UnlessQOthecurrentyearhappenstobethesameyearasthatontheQO distribution,mostlikelytheyearwillbe incorrect.) (Further,LOHwiththe calculationofLeapYearalsobeing dependentonTOthecurrentyear,thereisa possibilitythatthedatecouldbe O incorrect,aswell.)fJ<valisroughly11ppm,or 1000000/(24 J* >60 J*,>60).))PutanotherQOway,thisis.005%,whichisaround130secondspermonthor!O26minutesperyear.MuHOThesoftware-maintainedsystemtimecandriftmorethanNOthis, primarilyduetoothersystem activity.+TypicalcausesKO5ofdriftinclude extensivehigh-IPLcode(softmemoryer-ROrors,heavyactivityatdeviceIPLs,etc)thatarecausingtheBO processingoftheclock interruptstobeblocked.fN K<#O 4.1.1.2.2CEXE$GQ_SYSTIME'gThisistheOpenVMSAlphaKO(systemtimecell.-Thiscellcontainsthenumberof100nsMO intervalssinceNovember17,1858 00:00:00.00.+ThiscellisJO incrementedby100000every10msbyanhardwareintervalO2timer.O )O 4.1.1.2.3CEXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK"ThiscellisusedbyIO(OpenVMSAlphatokeeptrackofthelasttimeanddateDOthatEXE$GQ_SYSTIMEwas adjusted.+ItkeepsthesameGOtimeformatasEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.ThevalueinthiscellIO2getsupdatedinmemoryandondisk,everytimeEXE$GQ_"OSYSTIMEgets adjusted. `?Thesystem parametersSETTIMEandTIMEPROMPTWAIT;h determinehowthesystemtimewillbeset. `IfSETTIME=0=@thenEXE$INIT_HWCLOCKreadsthehardwareclock%tosetthesystemtime.P! D h"YhIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT>0:YTHENthevalueofTIMEPROMPTWAIT determinesGYhowlongtheuserispromptedtoenterthetimeandJYqdate.'Iftimeexpiresandnotimehasbeenenteredthe5YsystemactsasifTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0. I"YIIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT=0FYTHENthesystemtimeis calculatedfromthecontents)YofEXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK+1. z"YzIFTIMEPROMPTWAIT<0GYTHENtheuserispromptedforthetimeanddateandEY+unabletocontinueuntilthe informationisentered.Q! tKOUnliketheVAX,theAlphahardwareclocktracksthefullVOdateandtime,notjustthetimeofyear.'Thismeansitispos-KO5sibletobootfromtheCD-ROMmediawithoutenteringtheMOtimeattheCD-ROM bootstrap.'(Thisprovidedthatthetime;Oanddatehavebeen initialized,ofcourse.)RUCOIA-64 (Itanium)hardware time-keepingdetailstobeOadded.../S _PO4.1.1.3CWhydoesVAXneedaSETTIMEatleastonceayear?JO)BecausetheVAXTimeOfYear(TOY)hasa resolutionofOO497days,theVAXsystemtimeisstoredusingboththeTOYBOandtheOpenVMSVAXsystemimageSYS.EXE.BecauseNO3oftheuseofthe combinationoftheTOYandSYS.EXE,youJOneedtoissueaSETTIMEcommand(withthetimeparam-NOeter specified)atleastoncebetweenJanuary1standaboutJO<April11thofeachyear,andwheneveryouchangesystemJOimages(duetobootinganotherOpenVMSVAXsystem,boot-GOingthe standaloneBACKUPimage,anECOthatreplacesOFSYS.EXE,etc).TT*HOTheSETTIMEcommand(withthecurrenttimeasapa-HOrameter)is automaticallyissuedduringvariousstandard@O5OpenVMS proceduressuchas SHUTDOWN,anditcanSOalso obviouslybeissueddirectlybyasuitably privilegeduser.HOIssuingtheSETTIMEcommand(witha parameter)resetsLO>thevaluestoredintheTOY,and(if necessary)alsoup-ROdatestheportionofthetime(thecurrentyear)savedinthe!OSYS.EXEsystemimage.RU(HOThisVAXTOYlimitisthereasonwhyOpenVMSVAXin-GO stallationkitsand standaloneBACKUP explicitlypromptHO5forthetimeduring bootstrap,andwhythetimevalueMOcan"getweird"ifthesystemcrashesoutsidethe497dayIOwindow(ifnoSETTIMEwasissuedtoupdatethesavedQO>values),andwhythetimevaluecan"getweird"ifadiffer-FOentSYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXEisused (alternatesystemdisk,$O standaloneBACKUP,etc).VAO4.1.2BHowdoesOpenVMSVAXmaintainsystemtime?HO4VAXsystemsmaintainanintervalclock,andahardwareOclock.W NMOTheVAXhardwareclockiscalledtheTOY("TimeOfYear")NOclock.,Theregister associatedwiththeclockiscalledthe,O5TODR("TimeOfDay Register").>XMOTheTOYclock-as used-storestimerelativetoJanuaryfirstQOofthecurrentyear,startingatat 00:00:00.00.+Itisa100MO5Hz,32-bitcounter, incrementedevery10ms,andthushasa)Ocapacityofcirca497days.YNAOOpenVMS(ontheVAX platform)storessystemdateFOinformation-andin particular,thecurrentyear-inthe-O5systemimage,SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.EXE.ZNOOTheTOYisused,in conjunctionwiththebasedatethatisPOstoredand retrievedfromthesystemimage,to initializetheGO5intervalclockvaluethatisstoredinEXE$GQ_SYSTIME.>[ POOncetheintervalclockisloadedintotherunningsystemasNOpartofthesystem bootstrap,thesystemdoesnot typicallyKO5 referencetheTOYagain,unlessaSETTIME(withnopa-NO rameters)isissued.*TheintervalclockvalueisupdatedbyNOaperiodicIPL22orIPL24 (dependingonthespecificimple-LO> mentation) interrupt.'(Whenthese interruptsareblockedasPOaresultoftheactivityof higher-IPL code-suchas extensiveQOdriver interruptactivityorahardwareerrorora correctableROH(soft)memory error-theclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimePOvaluereportedtotheuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.)~\ TFOWhenSETTIMEisissuedwithno parameters,theTOYLOclockisloadedintothesystemclock;therunningsystemTO5clockissettothetimestoredintheTOYclock.'ThisassumesPOtheTOYclockismoreaccuratethanthesystemclock,asisOnormallythecase.]! WJOOnmost(all?)-VAXsystems,thebatterythatisassoci-OOatedwiththeTOYclockcanbe disconnectedandreplacedifNO5(when)it fails-TOYclockfailuresarequitecommonlycausedNObyafailednickel-cadmium(NiCd)orlithiumbattery,orby"OafailedDallaschip.m@ ?A^ AO4.2BKeepingtheOpenVMSsystemtime synchronized?JOUTohelpkeepmoreaccuratesystemtimeortokeepyourHOsystemclocks synchronized,TCP/IPServicesNTP,DECnet-FOPlusDTSS (sometimesknownas DECdtss),DCEDTS,andMO^other techniquesarecommonlyused.)Ifyoudonotorcan-POnothaveIPaccesstooneofthe available time-baseserversROonthe Internet,thenyoucouldusedial-upaccesstoNISTorSOhother authoritativesite,oryoucanuseadirect connectionto'Oalocal authorativeclock.&_ OOThereexistscodearoundthat processesthedigital(ie:+bi-MOnary)formattimethatis availableviaamodemcallintoIO5theNISTclock(the AutomatedComputer TelephoneServicePO(ACTS) service),andcodethatgrabsthetimeoffaGPSre-QOceiverdigitallink,orareceiver (effectivelyaradioandaLO>codec)that processesthetimesignalsfromradiostations*OWWV,WWVH,WWVB,orsimilar.h` >LO Processingtheserialorhardwaretime protocolsoftenin-HOvolveslittlemorethanreadingfromanEIA232(RS232)QO5seriallinefromthe receiver, somethingthatispossiblefromIOmostany language.+ Informationon correctlydriftingtheEOOpenVMSsystemclocktomatchthe time-basetimeisNO> availablewithinthelogicofatleastoneOpenVMSFreewareOpackage..(See(_External time-base hardware?forafew(O potentialhardware options.)*`_ZW?gha! >IOOneexampleofacquringa time-basethroughlocalinte-LOgratedhardwareinvolvestheIRIGtimeformat(IRIG-A,-B,MO5-G),abinarysignal containingthecurrenttimeinhours,ROminutes,secondsanddayssincethestartofthecurrentyear.QOIRIGcanalsocontainthetimeofdayasthenumberofsec-GO>ondssince midnight.*HPCustomSystemsand third-partyIOvendorshave variouslyoffered IRIG-basedreader/generator)OmodulesforOpenVMSsystems.b JOOneoftheeasiest approachesisa network-basedGPSorROothersimilar receiver.' Basically,thisisanetworkserverboxIO5thatprovidesanNTPserverwiththe necessaryhardwareNOforexternalsynchronization.(InadditiontotheantennaandKOthereceiverand processing components,thesedevicespro-NO>videanetwork interface(NIC)andsupportforanNTPtimeJOserver,and applications includingtheNTPsupportwithinIOTCP/IPServicesandwithinvarious third-partyIPstacksMOHcanthenbeusedto synchronizewiththetheNTPinforma-NOtionprovidedby time-base receivers.(NootherhostsoftwareROis required,andnohost configurationstepsandnohostsoft-1ORwarebeyondNTPare required.*(SeeRSection4.36Rforafew(O potentialhardware options.)*b~?gc kHO Differingtimeservers (DECnet-PlusDTSS,DCEDTS,NTP,UOetc)donotcoexist particularlywell, particularlyifyoutrytoQO5useallthesetogetheronthesamenode.(PleasepickanduseNOjustone.((Ifneeded,youcan sometimes configureonepack-MOagetoacquireitstimebasefromanother protocol,butoneNO>andonlyonetimeserverpackageshouldhavedirectcontrolKOoverthe managementofanddriftingofthelocalOpenVMSHOsystemtime.-Inthespecificcaseof DECnet-PlusDTSS,OOHolderproductversionsandversionsV7.3andlaterprovideaNOprovidermodule,amodulewhichpermitsDTSStoacquireitsOOtimefromNTP.Fordetailsonthis,pleaseseethecomments0ORinthemoduleDTSS$NTP_PROVIDER.C.)Rd (KOUnlike DECnet-Plus,TCP/IPServicesNTPisnotcapableofMO connectingtoa time-baseotherthanthenetworktimebaseMO5orthelocalsystemclock.( Third-partyandopensourceNTPCOimplementationsare availableforOpenVMS,aswell.AeOUsefulURLs: f `m>m4http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/nts.htm `?5http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/acts.htm `l/l%http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/ `http://www.time.gov/}C BD#>O4.5BWhydoestheSETTIMEcommandfail?,Help(managingDTSS?NOIfyoutrytosetthesystemtimewiththeSETTIMEcom-=Omand,andseeoneofthe following messages:0O%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%time>O-SYSTEM-F-IVSSRQ,%invalid&system%service&request0O<%SET-E-NOTSET,%error% modifying%time8O-SYSTEM-E-TIMENOTSET,%time%service&enabled;Aenter&a%time%service&command%to%update&the%timeaTOThisoccursifthetimeonthelocalsystemis controlledbyaNOtimeservice software,forexamplethe distributedtimeser-JO5vicesoftware(DTSS)providedaspartofthe DECnet-PlusIO installation.*TheDTSSsoftware communicateswithoneorLOmoretimeserverstoobtainthecurrenttime.,ItentirelyNO>controlsthelocalsystemtime(for DECnet-Plus,thereisaIOprocessnamed DTSS$CLERKforthis); therefore,theusageEOoftheSETTIMEcommand(andthe underlying$SETTIM)OHsystemservice)is disabled.KOThefirstmessageis displayedonsystemsrunningDECnet-JOPlusV6.1andearlier.(Onsystemswithnewer DECnet-PlusGO5 software,thesecond(andmore informative)messageisOgiven.BbGOYou shouldn'thavetochangethetimemanually-youNOshouldbedoingthisthroughthetimeserver-butifyou6O5 insist...'you'llhavetoshutdownDTSS: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLODISABLE&DTSSOIDELETE%DTSS zHOThiswillshutdown DTSS$CLERK.YoumaythenchangetheKOsystemtimeasusual.&TorestarttheDTSS software,type&Oa$&@SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$STARTUPNOOYouwillneedanumberof privilegestoissuethiscommand,GOandyoumustalsobegrantedthe NET$MANAGE identifer/O5toshutdownandtorestartDTSS.alJOIfyouwishto``permanently''disableDTSSonasystem@Orunning DECnet-Plus,theaboveNCLsequencemustHO5be performedeachtimethesystemis bootstrapped.-(OnHO DECnet-PlusV7.3andlater,youcandefinethelogicalBOnameNET$DISABLE_DTSStodisabletheDTSSstartup.HO>Thislogicalnamemustbedefinedinthecommandpro-DOcedureSYLOGICALS.COM,asthislogicalnamemustbeFOpresentanddefined sufficientlyearlyintheOpenVMS>OHsystem bootstrapsequenceforitto function.) vNOIfDTSSisrunningandnotimeserversare configured,youROcan(andwill)seethe followingmessagesatregular intervals:BO %%%%%%%%%%%JOPCOMp 2-SEP-1999& 19:41:20.29K %%%%%%%%%%%1OMessage&from%user%SYSTEM%on%UNHEDIPOIEvent:%Too&Few%Servers&Detected&from:&Node% LOCAL:.mynode%DTSS,0zat:%!1999-09-02-19:41:20.296-04:00IinfzNumber% Detected=0,z!Number% Required=18zieventUidp$5FA70F4F-616E-11D3-A80E-08002BBEDB0F9z entityUidJ$DE9E97DE-6135-11D3-8004-AA000400BD1B9z streamUidJ$D6513A46-6135-11D3-8003-AA000400BD1Bv LIOYoucaneither configurethe appropriatenumberoftimeTOservers,oryoucandisableDTSS,oryoucanignoreitand(ifTO5OPCOMissettowritetothelogviaviathelogicalnamesin9O#SYLOGICALS.COM/SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)cleanout"O OPERATOR.LOG regularly..MOYoucanalsosimplydisablethedisplayofthese messages: O$&run%sys$system:nclEOPblock%event% dispatcher&outbound&stream% local_stream%-global&filter%-7((Node,%DTSS),%Too&Few%Servers& Detected)DOOIfyouwishtodisablethe automaticTDF adjustmentfortheHOdaylighttime switch-over(onOpenVMSversionspriorto.O5V7.3),youcanusethecommand: O$&run%sys$system:ncl5Oset%dtss% automatic%TDF&change%=&falsePOoralternatively,youcansetthelocaltimezonetoonethatJOdoesnotincludethe automaticdaylighttime change-over.ZHOOpenVMSV7.3andlatersimplifytimeandtimezoneman-Oagement.D CE! CO4.6BSettingtimeon AlphaServerES47,ES80,GS1280(console?POTosetthebasesystemtimeonanmemberofthe AlphaServerIOES47, AlphaServerES80or AlphaServerGS1280seriessys-DO^temfamily,youmustaccessthePlatform ManagementJOUtility(PMU).ThePMUis implementedwithinthisfamilyOOofrelated AlphaServersystems,andispartofalayerpro-KOhvidingservicesbeyondthoseofthe traditionalAlphaSRMNOconsolelayer,andwithinalayerarchitecturally implementedJObeneaththeSRMconsole.)In particular,thePMUandre-IOrlated management componentsareusedtoprovideservicesOOacrossmultiplevParsornPars partitions.(In particular,theIO#SRMobtainsandmanagesthelocalsystemtimeonthesePO{systemsasadeltatimeoffsetfromthe underlyingbasesys-HOtemtime.)NeithertheSRMconsolenorOpenVMSdirectlyPO-accessesnoraltersthe underlyingbasesystemtimenorother;O information maintainedwithinthePMUlayer. DOThePMUusestheSystem Management components,cen-COtrally includingthe BackplaneManager(MBM)moduleIO5foundineachdrawer,user interface,PCIandCPUman-HOagement components,andtheinterconnectionsamongtheseIOprovidedbytheprivatesystem managementLAN.WhentheNO>systemhaspowerappliedandthemainbreakersareon,theOMBMsareactive.n DMOThePMUoffersacommandline interfaceforaserialcom-HO municationsortelnet connectionandallowscommandandKO5controloftheMBM,andoftheserver.*ThePMUandtheDOMBMsystem management componentsare responsiblefor Othe followingtasks:d `mDmShowthesystem configurationandprovidethebasic debugging capability `EHEInitiatethefirmwareupdateorloadthetestfirmwareversion `KPoweronoroff,halt,orresetthesystemor partition `<Thesystem partitioningandcabling functions `DDisplaysofthehealthofhardware environment,in-Dtcludingsuch constructsasfans,powersuppliesand2 environmentaland temperaturevalues. `L+LRemoteserver managementtasks `9The connectiontothevirtualSRMconsole `K2KSetandshowthebasesystemtime.\! t2AOYoucanusetheMBMcommandsSHOWTIMEandSETLOTIMEtoviewandto manipulatethebasesystemtime.(TheJO5deltatimevaluefortheprimaryMBMwillbe indicated,POanditisthisvaluein conjunctionwiththebasetimethatMOisusedtogeneratethetime availabletoOpenVMSviatheIO>SRMconsole.&IfyouissueaSET TIME=timecommandfromGOOpenVMS,thedeltatimewillchange,butnottheMBMFObasesystemtime.-IfyouchangetheMBMbasesystemMOHtime,the calculatedtime availabletoOpenVMSviatheSRMKO console(s)willchange., (Resettingthebasetimethusin-MOvolveschangingthebasesystemtime,andthenissuingSETFOR TIME=time command(s)toeachoftheOpenVMSvParsorMOnPars environmentstoadjustthe respectivedeltatimeval-GOues.)+ Rebooting, resettingorissuinganMBMSETTIME)O[willresetthesystemtime. UKO Typically,youwillwantto establishtheMBMtimevalueOOonce,andprobablysettingittoUTCorsuch,andyouwillPO5thenwanttobooteach partitionconversationally,settingtheJOSETTIMEsystem parametertoforcetheentryofthetimeEOwithineachbootingsystem environment.*OncetheMBMQO>timevaluehasbeensetonce,youwill typicallynotwanttoPOalteritagain.(Youwill typicallywanttomanageandmodify;Oonlythetimevalueswithineach partition.NJOThetimeanddatavaluesstoredintheprimaryMBMandKO replicatedinthezeroormore secondaryMBMsthatmight=O5bepresentwithinthesystemare coordinated.g s=POToenterthePMUfromtheSRMconsole,andtoexitbacktoOSRM:7OaMBM%-%(PMU,%Platform% Management&Utility)3From%SRM&P00>%enter%{Esc}%{Esc}%MBMCTRL/[%CTRL/[%MBM$(MBM&must%be% uppercase)ZMBM>%connectZ(to%exit%to%SRM)! a OThe C ET CTRL/[ ET @istheescape character.+Usethecitedkeyse-IOquencestoenterthePMU.YoucanalsoaccessthePMUIO5throughamodem,orfromaterminalorterminalemula-KOtororterminalserver connectedtotheserver managementEOLAN.Havingtheserver managementLANbridgedtoanMO> untrustedLANcanbeunwise,however,andwithrisksanal-KOogoustothoseof configuringa traditionalVAXorAlphaSOconsoleseriallinetoanopenterminalserverortoadial-inOHmodem.]GOSeethe AlphaServerGS1280 documentationfor additionalO information.2FEGCO4.8BUsingw32timeoranSNTPasatime provider?EOUNostandards-compliantNTPorSNTPserverisreport-IOedlycapableof synchronizingwiththe MicrosoftWindowsOw32time services.uLOFurther,NTPclientsarenot generallycapableofsynchro-)OnizingwithanSNTPserver.b8IOOpenSource(Free)NTPservers(qv:)OpenNTP)areavail-JOablefor MicrosoftWindows platforms,andTCP/IPServicesEO5and third-partypackagesallprovideNTPserversforBOOpenVMS,andNTPandSNTPclientscan synchronizeOwiththesesrvers. GFHW%--O 5.2System! Management" InformationAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ. HGI! .O5.1BWhatisan installedimage?LOUTheterm ``install''hastwodistinctmeaningsinOpenVMS.UOThefirstrelatesto ``installinga product'',whichisdonewith>OeithertheSYS$UPDATE:VMSINSTAL.COMcommandpro-EO^cedureorthe POLYCENTERSoftware Installation(PCSI)EOutility(PRODUCT command).)ThesecondmeaningrelatesQOtotheuseoftheINSTALLutility,whichiswhatconcernsusOhhere. WMOTheINSTALLutilityisusedtoidentifytoOpenVMSaspe-POcificcopyofanimage,either executableor shareable,whichPO5istobegivensomesetofenhanced properties.)Forexample,DOwhenyouissuetheSETPASSWORDcommand,theimageFOSYS$SYSTEM:SETP0.EXEisrun.'Thatimageneedstohave;O>elevated privilegestoperformits function.HKOTheother important attributeis/SHARED.ThismeansthatLO shareablepartsoftheimage (typically read-onlycodeandHO5data)areloadedintomemoryonlyonceandaresharedHOamongallusersonasystem.- ExecutableimagescanbeGO installed/SHAREDaswellas shareablelibraryimages.JO>(Theterm ``shareable''hasdualmeaningshere,too.,See Othe0OpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManualforfurtherO details.)T *POIt's importanttonotethatthereisnosuchthingas``in-JOstallinga shareableimagewith privileges''.*TheINSTALLXO5utilitywillletyoudoit,butthe privilegesyouspecifywillbeNOignored.'Tohaveacallableroutinerunwithenhancedpriv-SOilegesthatarenot availabletoitscaller,youmust constructHO>yourroutinesas``user-writtensystem services''(UWSS)JOandinstallthe shareableimagewiththe/PROTECTquali-Ofier.)Seethe0OpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManual 7forLOHmore informationon user-writtensystem services.'NotealsoPOthatinmanycasestheneedtogrant privilegestoanimageOOcanbereplacedwiththeuseofthe ``Protected Subsystems''KORfeaturethatgrantsarights identifiertoanimage..See Othe.OpenVMSGuidetoSystemSecurityfor informationon O Protected Subsystems.yJIKn;O5.3BSourcesofOpenVMSsecurity information?IOUWherecanIget informationonOpenVMSsystem security?  `m*m http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc `G=http://www.blacksheepnetworks.com/security/resources/openvms/K JLn@O5.4BHowdoImountanISO-9660CDonOpenVMS?FOUISO-9660supportwasaddedinthe following releases:xN `mmOpenVMSVAXV6.0 `OpenVMSAXPV1.5WGOAnadd-onISO-9660kitwasalso availableforOpenVMSFOVAXV5.5,V5.5-1,V5.5-2,and V5.5-2H4.,ThisrequiresLO5the installationoftheF11CDkitfromthe InfoServerCD,KOfromthe Consolidated DistributionCDunderthe InfoServerNOarea,ortheF11CDECOkit.( (UpgradestoV6andlaterare!O>strongly recommended.) ! QOBydefault,OpenVMSsensesthespecifictypeofmedia.'IfyouHOareworkingwith dual-format media-mediathatusesbothDO5theODS-2andISO-9660formatsonthesameCD-ROM-NOthenMOUNTwillfirstdetectandthendefaulttotheODS-2QOformat.(Ifyouwishtooverridethisand explicitlymountthe5O>mediausing ISO-9660,usethecommand:EO$&MOUNT/MEDIA_FORMAT=CDROMJdevice-name[:]%[volume-label]WmNOInmostcircumstances,youwillnotneednorwillyouwantGOtoincludeanexplicit /MEDIA_FORMATspecification.)ForGO5further information,pleaserefertotheOpenVMSMOUNTIOUtilityManual.+ Particularlynotethe informationonthe3OMOUNT /MEDIA_FORMATand/UNDEFINED_FATO> qualifiers. FOTheMOUNT/UNDEFINED_FAT qualifierisofinterestbe-IOcauseISO-9660mediacanbemasteredonawidevarietyKO5of operatingsystem platforms,andthese platformsdonotNO necessarilysupportthe semanticsneededforfiles containingCO predefinedrecordformats.)The/UNDEFINED_FATallowsPO>youtospecifythedefault attributesforfilesaccessedfrom0OvolumesusingtheISO-9660format.F ! rectories.(Inthe top-level directorywillbeafilewiththefileHOtypePCSI$DESCRIPTIONthat specifieswherevariousfiles4Oshouldgo.(Formoredetails,seethea POLYCENTERSoftware8OH Installation Developer'sGuideforOpenVMSsH,whichcanbeGOfoundintheOpenVMS documentationonthe Consolidated(OOnline DocumentationCD-ROM.ONP~( ^TDO5.8BWhydoesn'tOpenVMSseethenewmemoryIjust(added?EOWhenaddingmemorytoanOpenVMSsystem,youshouldFOcheckforanexisting definitionofthe PHYSICALPAGES7O^(OpenVMSVAX)orPHYSICAL_MEMORY(OpenVMS>OAlpha) parameterintheSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATTO parameter database,useatexteditortoresetthevalueintheOOhfiletothenewcorrectvalueas required,andthenperform"Othe followingcommand:;OE$&@SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN%GETDATA%REBOOT%FEEDBACKI) FOThisAUTOGENcommandwillresetvarioussystemparam-MOetersbasedonrecentsystemusage (FEEDBACK),anditwillHO5resetthevalueforthe PHYSICALPAGES parametertotheDOnewvalue.'ItwillalsoreboottheOpenVMSsystem.*! W8O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanalsoLObeusedto deliberatelylowertheamountofmemoryavail-RO5ableforusebyOpenVMS.ThisabilitycanbeusefulinafewMOspecificcircumstances,suchastestingthe behaviourofanOO applicationinasystem environmentwitha particular(lower)0O>amountofsystemmemory available.5+  ?O PHYSICALPAGESandPHYSICAL_MEMORYcanbesettoJO-1(onOpenVMSAlpha)or(betterandsimpler)theentryIO5canberemovedfromthe MODPARAMS.DATfile,toindicate9Othatall availablememoryshouldbeused. POQ, wiMO5.9BHowdoIchangethetextinauser'sUIC identifier?IOUThetext translationsofthenumericUserIdentificationMOCode(UIC)arebasedon identifierspresentintheOpenVMSNO rightslist.+ Documentationonthisareaisincludedinthe_8O^GuidetoOpenVMSSystem Security_manual.0-NOTocontrolthe identifiersshownforauser'sUIC,youuseIO AUTHORIZE.Eachuserhasan associatedgroup identifier,PO5andan identifierspecifictotheuser.)AndeachusershouldOhaveauniqueUIC.. ROToalterthetextofauserorgroup identifier,usecommandsOsuchas:&Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE4OUAF>& rename/ident% oldgroupid& newgroupid2OUAF>& rename/ident% olduseridK newuserid/POIfyoushouldfindyourselfmissingan identifierforapar-MOticularuser,youcanaddonefortheuser'sUICusingaO5commandsuchas:;OUAF>& add/ident/value=uic=[group,user]& newuserid05XMOTheUICuser identifiertextisassignedwhentheusernameOOiscreated,andisthetextofthe username.*TheUICgroupOO5group identifierisassignedwhenthefirstusernameiscre-QOatedintheUICgroup,andthetextisbasedontheaccountOOname specifiedforthefirstusercreatedinthegroup.*TheNO>valueofthis identifieris [groupnumber,177777].*ToaddaFOmissinggroup identifier,useanasteriskasfollows:9OUAF>&add/ident/value=uic=[group,*]& newgroupid-1! OOYoumayfindcaseswherean identifierismissingfromtimeSOtotime,astherearecaseswherethecreationofaUICgroupNO5name identifiermightconflictwithanexisting username,orROauser identifiermightconflictwithanexistinggroupidenti-NOfier.(Whenthese conflictsarise,the AUTHORIZEutilitywillNO>notcreatethe conflictinggroupand/oruser identifierwhen%Otheusernameiscreated.92 LOYoucancanaddandremoveuser-specified identifiers,butHOyoushouldavoidchangingthenumericvalues associatedNO5withanyexisting identifiers.*YoushouldalsoavoidreusingMOUICsor identifierswhenyouaddnewusers,asanyexist-ROing identifiersthatmightbepresentonobjectsinthesystemSO>fromtheolduserwillgrantthesameaccesstothenewuser.;OPleaseseethesecuritymanualfordetails.FQ.PRk3AAO5.10CWhataretheOpenVMSversionupgradepaths? 4 vi >O5.10.1COpenVMSAlphaUpgrade(orUpdate)Paths 1_U4Note 1_=Upgradepath informationherehas occasionallyCbeenfoundtobewrong.* Informationheredoesnot@ireflectclusterrollingupgrade requirements;seeSection5.10.46forrelatedrollingupgrade information;Eversions permissibleforrollingupgradescanbeand?softenaremore constrained.+Whenupgradeinfor-Fmationhere conflictswiththeofficialdocumentation,B$pleaseassumethatthe informationhereiswrong.F} Correctionsandupdatestothismaterialarewelcome. OOFrom&V1.0,&you&can%upgrade&to&V1.5.$OFrom&V1.5,&or& V1.5-1H1,&'you&can%upgrade&to&V6.1.OoFrom&V6.1,&you&can%upgrade&to&V6.2. OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&Gyou&can%upgrade&to&V7.0.8OFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%or%V7.0,&you&can%upgrade&to&V7.1.OFrom&V6.2,Cgyou&can%update%to% V6.2-1H1,& V6.2-1H2,%or% V6.2-1H3.GOFrom&V6.2,&V6.2-1H(1,2,3),%V7.1,% V7.1-1H(1,2),&or&V7.2,to%V7.2-1.%O> From&V6.2,&...%or%V7.2,! to% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.?O From&V7.1,&you%can%update&to& V7.1-1H(1,2),%...! to% V7.2-1H1,&to&7.3.?O^ From&7.2,%7.2-1,&7.2-1H1,&7.2-2,%7.3%or%7.3-1,' you&can%upgrade&to&V7.3-2@O From&V7.3,&V7.2-2,% V7.2-1H1,&V7.2-1,%and&V7.1-2,'6 you&can%upgrade&to&V7.3-1O~ From&V7.3-1,6 you&can%upgrade&to&V7.3-2%or%to%V8.2.#O From&V7.3-1%or%V7.3-2,&V you&can%upgrade&to&V8.2.!O From&V7.3-2%or%V8.2,& you&can%upgrade&to&V8.3.KO SometypicalOpenVMSAlphaupgrade(orupdate)pathsare:JOV1.0&->&V1.5%->%V6.1%->%(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)DONV1.5-1H1%->%V6.1&->&(V6.2,%V7.0,%V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OV6.2&->&V6.2-1H3OV6.2&->&V7.2-1O%V6.2&->&V7.3"OmV6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.1$OV6.2-1H(1,2,3)%->%V7.2-15OV6.2&through%7.1-1H2% inclusive%->%V7.3OEV7.1&->&V7.1-2OV7.1&->&V7.2-1"O V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.1-2"O V7.1-1H(1,2)%->%V7.2-1OeV7.1-2%->%V7.3-1OV7.2&->&V7.2-1H1$OV7.2&->&V7.3%->%V7.3-1%O=V7.2-1%->%(V7.3,&V7.3-1).OV7.2-2%->%(V7.3,&V7.3-1,%V7.3-2)%OV7.3&->&(V7.3-1,&V7.3-2)%OV7.3-1%->%(V7.3-2,%V8.2)#O]V7.3-2%->%(V8.2,&V8.3)*4?B65 LONotethatOpenVMSAlphaV7.0doesnotincludesupportforIOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirst supportedinOpenVMSHO5Alpha V6.2-1H1, V6.2-1H2,or V6.2-1H3;onemustupgrade/OtoOpenVMSAlphaV7.1,orlater.v6 LKOOnecannotupdatedirectlytoaV6.2-1HxLimitedHardwareLORelease(LHR)fromanyreleasepriortothebaselineV6.2KO5release.*Thesame prohibitionholdsfor performingupdatesNOdirectlytoV7.1-1Hxfromanyreleasepriorto V7.1-thisisPOnot supported,anddoesnotproducetheexpectedresults.'TheQO>LHRkitscan,however,bedirectlybootedandcanbedirectlyNO installed,withoutregardtoany operatingsystemthatmight-Obepresentonthetargetdisk.P7 &GOUsersofOpenVMSAlpha V7.1-1H1, V7.1-1H2,V7.2-1H1orNOotherhardwareare encouragedtoupgradetothenextavail-GO5ablenon-hardware-release,andshould preferablyupgradeJOtothecurrentortoa supportedOpenVMSAlpharelease.O8%FOOpenVMSAlphaupdatesforLHRs(through V7.1-1Hx)re-GOquiretheuseof VMSINSTALfortheupdate.+TheseLHRSO5releasesusePCSIforthe installation,butnotfortheupdate.EONon-LHRreleasesusePCSIforinstallsand upgrades.9GOOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforLHRsandBOforOpenVMSupgradesandforallOpenVMSECOkitJO5installations;V7.1-2andlateruseupgradesandnotup-?Odates.. VMSINSTALOpenVMSECOkits (updates)areGOnotusedonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater;priortoGO>V7.1-2,VMSINSTAL-basedECO(update)kitsareusedforOOpenVMS.:`.O5.10.2COpenVMSI64UpgradePaths 1_U4Note 1_=Upgradepath informationherehas occasionallyCbeenfoundtobewrong.* Informationheredoesnot@ireflectclusterrollingupgrade requirements;seeSection5.10.46forrelatedrollingupgrade information;Eversions permissibleforrollingupgradescanbeand?softenaremore constrained.+Whenupgradeinfor-Fmationhere conflictswiththeofficialdocumentation,B$pleaseassumethatthe informationhereiswrong.F} Correctionsandupdatestothismaterialarewelcome. OOFrom&V8.2,1you&can%upgrade&to&V8.2-1%or%V8.3OFrom&V8.2-1,%'you&can%upgrade&to&V8.3IOSometypicalOpenVMSI64upgrade(orupdate)pathsare:$OGV8.2&->&V8.2-1%->%V8.3*:?B); KOOpenVMSI64V8.2isthefirst productionrelease.(OpenVMSHOI64V8.0andV8.1wereintendedforearlyadoptersofIO5OpenVMSon Integrityservers,andarenot consideredto#Obe production releases.^<! 4POToutilizeOpenVMSI64V8.2,youmustperformafullinstal-ROlationofV8.2.'No supportedupgradepathtoV8.2is availableJO5fromprevious releases;thereisnoupgradefromOpenVMSHOI64E8.2,norfromtheearlierV8.1orV8.0 releases.= ^7O5.10.3COpenVMSVAXReleaseUpgradePaths 1_U4Note 1_=Upgradepath informationherehas occasionallyCbeenfoundtobewrong.* Informationheredoesnot@ireflectclusterrollingupgrade requirements;seeSection5.10.46forrelatedrollingupgrade information;Eversions permissibleforrollingupgradescanbeand?softenaremore constrained.+Whenupgradeinfor-Fmationhere conflictswiththeofficialdocumentation,B$pleaseassumethatthe informationhereiswrong.F} Correctionsandupdatestothismaterialarewelcome. OOOFrom&V5.0%through%V5.4-3% inclusive,%one%can&upgrade%to%V5.5.MOFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or% V5.5-2HW,&one%can%upgrade%to%V5.5-2.IOFrom&V5.5,&V5.5-1,%or%V5.5-2,%one%can&upgrade%to%V6.0.KO'From&V5.5-2,% V5.5-2H4,&or&V6.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.1.>OoFrom&V6.0,&or&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V6.2.>OFrom&V6.1,&or&V6.2,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.0.EOFrom&V6.1,&V6.2,&or&V7.0,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.1.TOGFrom&V6.1,&one%can%upgrade%to%V7.3&(with&VAXBACK%ECO&for%V6.1).;OSometypicalOpenVMSVAXupgradepathsare:FOgV5.x&->&V5.5%->%V6.0%->%V6.2&->&(V7.1,%V7.2,%V7.3)OV5.5-2HW%->%V5.5-2GOV5.5-2,&or&V5.5-2H4&->&V6.1%->%(V6.2,&V7.0,&or&V7.1)?O> V6.1&->&V6.1%with%VAXBACK&ECO%->%(V7.2,%V7.3)O V6.2&->&V7.2O V6.2&->&V7.3*=?B>NJONotethatOpenVMSVAXV6.0doesnotincludesupportforEOhardwareand/orconfigurationsfirstaddedinOpenVMSEO5VAX V5.5-2H4,onemustupgradetoOpenVMSVAXV6.1.? NFONotethatOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2HWisa pre-releasever-OOsionofV5.5-2.(AnysystemrunningitshouldbeupgradedtoO5V5.5-2,orlater.V@! ,LOIfyouattemptadirectupgradefromOpenVMSVAXV6.1toMOV7.2orlaterwithouthavingfirstappliedtheVAXBACKECOOO5kittoyourV6.1system,youwillreceiveanerrormessage:DO%BACKUP-E-INVRECTYP,%invalid&record%type&in&save%set*A KOandtheupgradewillfail.)AcquireandapplytheVAXBACKEOECOkitforOpenVMSVAXV6.1.(OpenVMSVAXV6.2andQO5laterdonotrequirean applicationofanECOforanupgradeOtoV7.2andlater.2B;O5.10.4COpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradePathsIO4RollingUpgradespermittheOpenVMSClusterandtheap-LO plicationstoremain availablewhile individualsystemsare8ObeingupgradedtoanewOpenVMSrelease.hC>>ORollingUpgradesrequiremultiplesystemdisks.DWCOOpenVMSClusterRollingUpgradesforOpenVMSAlpha,OpenVMSClusterthanwhatarelistedhere.EE JOForspecificdetailsonRolling Upgrades,pleaseseetheIOOpenVMSUpgradeand InstallationManualfortheparticu-KO5larrelease,andtheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Descriptions=OforOpenVMSandforOpenVMSCluster software:bF8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/G _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.HdNOforfurtherdetailsontheRollingUpgrade,andforsupportO information.;I`4O5.10.5COpenVMSVAXManual OrganizationDO4The documentationforolderreleasesofOpenVMSVAXHOwas comprisedofvariousplatform-specificmanuals,man-POualsthatinclude instructionsthatarespecificto installingKO=and upgradingonthe particularVAX platform.(TheseolderJOmanualscanbeusefulforlearning platform-orconsole-LOspecific operationsor requirementsforthe particular(and OGolder)VAX platform.hJ>NOThereisfarlessconsolecommandsyntax,andconsolestor-HOagemedia variability,amongthemorerecentAlphaandEO5 Integrity processors..ThenewerplatformoperatorandIO management interfacesarefarmore consistentacrosstheOplatformlines.K `9O5.10.6COpenVMSProductVersionandSupportg( InformationKOFor informationonPriorVersionSupport(PVS)andMatureLOProductSupport (including informationonsupportenddatesFO=forOpenVMSandvariouslayered products),pleaseseeJOthesupport resourceslink availableatthemainOpenVMSOOwebsiteortheserviceslinks availableatthemainservicesOGwebsite:Ld `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ `'http://www.hp.com/go/servicesMPOAndseethe followinglinks,withthecaveatthatthedirect;O``/hps''linksshownheremaybecomestale:Ns `m.m$http://www.hp.com/hps/os/os_pvs.html `/%http://www.hp.com/hps/os/os_ovms.htmlAO KOFor informationonthe supportedandrequiredversionsofKOlayered products,andtheminimumrequiredlayeredproductMO5versionsforvariousconfigurations,pleaseseetheSoftware4ORolloutReport (SWROLL), availableat:kPA `m6m,http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/os/swroll/xQN5OFor additionalrelated information,seeSection2.6.1.*QF?RNLOFor informationonthereleasehistoryofOpenVMS,includ-LOing informationonthecodenamesofvariousreleasesandO5themajor features:Sd `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.htmlTRO Additionalreleasehistory information,aswellasavarietyofOOothertrivia,is availableintheVAX20th anniversarybook:uUq K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdfV! @O5.10.7COpenVMSAlphaandI64Upgrade TerminologyAO4OpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64usethe POLYCENTERQOSoftwareProductInstallUtility, occasionlyreferedtoasSPIUJOandrathermorecommonlyknownasPCSI.PCSIisacom-NO=ponentoftheOpenVMS operatingsystem,andis availableonfeaturesofpreviousLHRsinthesameseries.Y  8WVMSINSTAL-basedUpdatesandVMSINSTAL-basedDECOkitsarenot generallyusedtoupgradeOpenVMSIonreleasesofOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater,norareCathseusedonOpenVMSI64;only PCSI-basedUpgrades?andInstallsareused.. VMSINSTALremainsavail-Kableforotherusesandother products;forupgradesandDk installationsofproductsotherthanOpenVMSitself. `CUPGRADE: PerformedviaPCSI.Upgradescan typicallyLBbeapplieddirectlytoarelease-specificrangeofearlierBOpenVMS releases.*Theproductrelease documentationJ specifiesthepriorOpenVMS releases;ifyourreleaseisOLnotoneofthe specified releases,youwillhavetoperformConeormore additionalupgrades(through intermedi-HateOpenVMS releases)toreachoneofthe prerequisiteV releases. `BINSTALL: PerformedviaPCSI.Withan installation,H.noexistingversionofthe operatingsystemisassumedGpresent,norareanyfilesfromanycopyoftheop-Ceratingsystemmightbepresent preserved,andtheO7entirecontentsofthetargetdiskare destroyedviaadiskinitialization. `B PRESERVE: PerformedviaPCSI. OtherwisesimilartoNhan installation,thisoptionskipsthediskreinitialization.LUserfilesonthetargetdiskare preserved.(AnyexistingJ  operatingsystemfilesonthetargetdiskare clobbered. ` D LHR:LimitedHardwareRelease.*LHRsarespecifictoE andaretargetedatnewhardwareconfigurations,andII arenotshippedto customerswithsupport contracts.)AtF leastoneLHRkitmustbe specificallyacquiredwhenB  purchasingnew hardware,newhardwarethatisnotBS (yet) supportedbyanymainline (non-LHR)release.C LHRshavean``H''intheOpenVMSversionstring,/  indicatinga ``Hardware''release.Z! !GWYouwillnot generallywanttocontinueusinganLHRJoncea subsequentOpenVMSreleaseis available;youwillLwanttoupgradeofftheLHRatyourearliest convenience.[`HOForminimumOpenVMSversionsforvarious platforms,seeOSection2.12.*[O?| RQS\ UHO5.11CWhydoIhaveanegativenumberinthepagefile'( reservablepages?NOSeeinganegativenumberinthe reservablepagesportionof?OtheSHOW MEMORY/FULLcommandcanbenormalandIO^ expected,andis(even) documented behaviour.,ApagefileKOwithanegativenumberof reservablepagesis overcommit-NOted,whichis generallygoodnessassumingthateveryprocessSOhwithreservedpagesdoesnottrytooccupyallofthereserved/Opagefilespaceatthesametime.]! aJOTo understandhowthepagefile reservationprocessworks,LOthinkabouthowa traditionalbankoperateswhen acceptingNO5customerdepositsandmakingloans.(It'sthesameideawithSOthepagefilespace.'ThereislessmoneyinthebankvaultthanQOthetotal deposits,becausemuchofthemoneyhasbeenloanedPO>outtoother customersofthebank.'Andthe behaviourparal-TOlelsthatofthepagefiledowntotheproblemsthata``runonOOthebank''cancauseforbanking customers.'(ThoughthereisCOHnodeposit insurance availableforpagefileusers.)^! NVOIfalloftherunning applicationstrytousethereservedspace,OOthesystemmanagerwillneedtoenlargethepagefileoradd/O5oneormore additional pagefules._! WKOTo determineifthepagefileis excessivelyovercommitted,FOwatchfor``doubleovercommitment''-whenthe reservableOO5space approachesthe negatationofthe availabletotalspace-SOandwatchthatthetotalamountoffreespace availableintheROpagefileremains adequate.'Ifeitherofthese situationsarises,6O> additionalpagefilestorageis required.``! 6NO Additionalpagefile information:( Additional pagefilescantyp-FOicallybecreatedand connectedonarunningOpenVMSNO5system.(New processesandnew applicationswilltendtouseNOthenew pagefile,andexisting applicationscanbe restartedPOtomigrateoutofthemore congested pagefiles.) PagefilesareHO> generallynamed PAGEFILE.SYS,andmultiple pagefilesareNO generally configuredonseparatediskspindlestospreadtheOOpagingI/Oloadacrossthe availablediskstorage.'Whenmul-NOHtiple pagefilesarepresentonrecentOpenVMS versions,eachLOpagefilefileshouldbe configuredtobe approximatelythe7Osametotalsizeastheother pagefiles.a NNOFor additional informationonpagefile operationsandrelatedCO commands,seethesystem managementand performanceDO5 managementmanualsintheOpenVMS documentationset.bEOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,thedisplayshavebeenJOchangedandthesenegativevaluesarenolongervisible.2SRTc JO5.12CDoIhavetoupdatelayeredproductswhenupdating'(OpenVMS?EOTheSoftwarePublicRolloutReportsforOpenVMSlistJOthecurrentandfuture availabilityofHPsoftwareprod-GO^uctsshippingontheOpenVMSSoftwareProductsLibraryDOkits(CDROMconsolidations)forOpenVMSAlphaand/orHOOpenVMSVAX. Specifically,therequiredminimumversions-Ohforproductsupportarelisted.Yd /GO ComprehensivePublicRollout Information,listingprevi-NOousproductversionsaswellas currentlyshipping versions,QO5hasbeencompiledintoaseparatesetofreports.'TheproductIO informationisgroupedtoshow OperatingSystemsupport.e TOYoumayormaynotbeabletouseolderversionsoflocalap-HO plications, third-party products,andvariousHPOpenVMSGO5layeredproductswithmorerecentversionsofOpenVMS.JO User-modecodeisexpectedtobeupward compatible.)CodeNO executingina privileged processormode-typicallyeitherex-KO>ecutiveorkernelmode-mayormaynotbe compatiblewith*OmorerecentOpenVMS versions.feCOTheseSoftwareRollout(SWROLL)Reportsareupdated"O regularly.'Pleasesee:kgA `m6m,http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/os/swroll/lhB)OForrelated information,seeLSection2.6.1.*hLF?nTSUi DO5.13CHowdoIchangethevolumelabelofadisk?MOUDismountthedisk,andmountit privately.-IfthediskisGOmountedbymorethanonenodeinanOpenVMSCluster,QOdismountitfromallothernodes.(IfthisdiskisanOpenVMSOO^systemdisk,shutdownallothernodesthatare bootstrappedOfromthisdisk.jWBOIssuetheSET VOLUME/LABELcommand, specifyingtheOnewlabel.:kKOOnOpenVMSV6.0andlater,issuethe followingPCSIcom-MOmandtoresetthelabel informationstoredwithinthePCSI?O5databasetoreflectthenewdiskvolumelabel:9O$&PRODUCT%REGISTER%VOLUME& old-label%devicelLOLocateany referencesinthesystemstartup (typicallyin-DOcludingthediskMOUNT commands)andany DISK$labelKO5 referencesin applicationfiles,andchangethe referencesOappropriately.5m WOIfthisisasystemdisk(forthehostorfora satellite),alsoAOchecktheDECnetMOPorLANCPboot database,asIO5wellasany referencestothediskcreatedbyCLUSTER_OCONFIG *.COM.4n NOIfCompaqAnalyzeisinuse,checkthesystemstartuppro-JOceduresfortheCompaqAnalyzetool.,CertainversionsofGO5CompaqAnalyzewillrecordspecificdiskvolumelabels+Owithinthestartup procedures.Vo,,ORemountthediskappropriately.C U TVapw7;O5.14CHowcanIsetupashared directory?OOUTosetupashareddirectory-whereallfilescreatedintheLO directoryare accessibletothemembersof specifiedgroupLOof users-youcanuseanaccesscontrollist(ACL)andanO^ identifier.qWQOThe followingalsoshowshowtosetuparesource identifier,POwhichfurtherallowsthedisk resourcestobechargedtothePO5 specified identifierratherthaneach individualuser.)(IfyouQOdon'twantthis,thenomitthe attributesoptionontheiden-NOtifiercreationandomittheentryaddedinthediskquotaO> database.r!z>OAddan identifierusingthe AUTHORIZEutility:O5.16CDriversand ConfigurationofNewGraphics'( Controllers?KOThissectioncontains informationonvariousgraphicscon-MOtrollers supportedbyOpenVMSAlpha,and specificallyinfor-QO^mationonwhereandhowtoobtaindevicedriversforspecificKOearlyOpenVMS releases-devicedriversfor controllersareJO integratedintoandshippedwithOpenVMSAlpha,butver-QOhsionsofthesedevicedriversare sometimesmade availablefor/OspecificearlierOpenVMS releases.,O5.16.1CTheELSAGLoriaSynergyCO4OnOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2,V7.2,andV7.2-1,acquireHOthe appropriateGRAPHICSPCSIkit,andall prerequisiteOOpenVMSECOkits: `m*mVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlater `)VMS72_GRAPHICS-V0100orlater `l*lVMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300orlater f=OThe ELSA GLoria Synergy is the PBXGK-BB;theBO PowerStorm3D10T.PleaseensureyouhavethemostJO5currentECOsforthisandothergraphics controllersin-POstalled;checkforandinstallthecurrentGRAPHICSkit.'(SeeOSection4.3.25forsome unexpectedlyrelated details.)*O?oGOOnOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,thefiles necessaryforthisKOgraphics controllerarelocatedinthe distributionCD-ROMO5 directory:#ODISK$ALPHA0721:[ELSA.KIT]i??OAlsocheckforany available(later)ECOkits.mCIOAnearlierkit(ALP4D20T01_071)(forV7.1, V7.1-1H1,andKO V7.1-1H2)wasonce available,buthasbeen supercededandOO5isnot recommended.(UseofV7.1-2orlater(anduseofoneMOtheaboveGRAPHICSkitsas required)is typicallythebestO approach.! fLOOpenVMSV7.2-2andlatermainlinereleasesdirectlysupportOthe controller. {QO Additional informationis availableintopics(3419)and(5448)*OintheAskTheWizardarea: ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&yMOSupportfortheELSAGLoriaSynergyis integratedintoall,OcurrentOpenVMSAlpha releases.3O5.16.2C PowerStorm300, PowerStorm350>O4The PowerStorm 300is the PBXGD-AC,whilethe-O PowerStorm350isthe PBXGD-AE.! NFOForsupportofthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350ROgraphics controllers,acquireandinstallthe following availableO5ECOkits:P&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2:  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS712_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlaterP&&OForOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1:  `m3mDEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_P350-V0100-4orlater `7"DEC-AXPVMS-VMS721_GRAPHICS-V0300-4orlater NGOSupportforthe PowerStorm300and PowerStorm350se-MOriesgraphics controllersis integratedintocurrentOpenVMSO5Alpha releases. 5O5.16.3C PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D209O4 PowerStorm3D30 (PBXGB-AA), PowerStorm4D20FO (PBXGB-CA) informationis availableinAskTheWizard+Otopics includingtopic(2041): ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?& O5.16.4CRadeon7500HO4InstallthecurrentGRAPHICSECOkitforOpenVMSAlphaNOV7.2-2orV7.3-1forsupportoftheRadeon7500seriesPCI*OandAGPgraphics controllers.@ SOSupportforthis controller(withoutanECOkit)isfirstinte-LOgratedintoand availableinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2.'(PleaseEO5doalwaysinstallthemostcurrentGRAPHICSECOkit2Owheneveroneis available, however.)YXZ55  @O5.18CHowdoImovethequeuemanager database?MOUTomovethelocationofthequeue database,the SYS$QUEUE_.OMANAGER.QMAN$QUEUES and! SYS$QUEUE_HOMANAGER.QMAN$JOURNALfiles,toadiskthatis fast(er),TO^hasplentyoffreespace,andthatisnotheavilyused.*IftheNOqueuedatabaseisona(busy)OpenVMSsystemdisk,youcanNOandprobablyshouldmoveitoffthesystemdisktoanotherOhdiskspindle.S))OTomovethequeue database:P R &QOm1.J Checkpointthejournalfile.)ThisreducesthefilesizetoHthe in-memorydatabasesize.)Thiswillcausethenoteddelay.($&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:JBC$COMMAND" JBC$COMMAND>%DIAG%0&7'Ok2.JStopthequeuemanager'$&STOP/QUEUE/MANAGER/CLUSTER;Oo3.JBackupthe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL;filesfromthepresentlocationforsafety.Lm$&backup%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*K DISK:[DIR]KO4.JCreateanew directoryforthequeue database.+InsureOEthatthisdiskis accessibletoallnodesthatcanruntheKqueuemanager.'Ifthe/ONlistforthequeuemanageris``/ON=( *G)'',thediskmustbe availabletoallnodesintheOcluster)$& CREATE/DIR%fast_disk:[qman]9OS5.JCopythe .QMAN$QUEUESand .QMAN$JOURNAL(filestothenew directoryP0$&copy%+SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*Jfast_disk:[qman]0O6.JDeletetheoldqueue database.B4 $&DELETE%-SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER.QMAN$*;*LO 7.JRestartthequeuemanagerpointingtothenewlocation29 $&START/QUEUE/MANAGER%fast_disk:[qman] ZY[! mHO5.19CHowdoIdeleteanundeletable/unstoppable(RWAST)'(process?QO``Undeleteable''jobsareusually``undeleteable''forareason-TOthiscantrackbackto insufficientprocessquotas,toakernel-OO^modeerrorinOpenVMSora third-partydevicedriver,ortoOotherodd problems.! aLOThese undeletablejobs typicallybecomeofinterestbecauseOOtheyareholdingontoa particularresource(eg:*tapedrive,PO5diskdrive,communicationswidget)thatyouneedtouse...(IfNOthe particulardevicesupports firmware,ensurethatthede-MOvicefirmwareiscurrent-TQK50 controllersareknownforLO>thiswhenworkingwithold firmware.)(That,andtheinfa-NOmous ``MUA4224''firmwarebug.)'IfthisdevicehasadriverOOECOkit available,acquireandapplyit...+Ifthe particularLOHrelevanthost componenthasanECO,acquireandapplyit.5  QOUsefultoolsincludeSDA(toseewhatmightbegoingon)andHODECamds(whichincreaseandthus potentiallyfixquota-KO5related problems).,(nb:+ Applicationswithquotaleakswill'O obviouslynotstayfixed.) dJOIfthestuck applicationisBACKUP,ensureyouhavetheLOcurrentBACKUPECOandaredirectly followingtheV7.1orNO5(better)V7.2orlaterprocessquotarecommendationsforop-AOeratorBACKUP accounts.'QuotadetailsareintheOpenVMS#OSystem Manager'sManual (. LOIfthefirmwareandECOlevelsarecurrent,thebestap-MOproachistotakeasystem crashdump,andpassacopyofLO5thedumpfilealongtowhomeveris maintainingthedeviceMOdriverforthe particulardevice/widget/driver involved,withTOanydetailsonhowyougotintothis situation.&(Therebootin-KO>volvedwithtakingthe crashdumpwill obviouslycleartheO problem.)xGOTherewassome kernel-modecode (typicallyforOpenVMSKOVAX)thatcanresetthedevice ownershipfield,butthatKO5israther obviouslyonlyaninterim solution-therealfixPOisavoidingthelossoftheIRP,theprocessquotaleak,orKOwhateverelseis ``jammingup''this particular process...[Z\8O5.20CHowdoIresettheerror count(s)?HOUThesystemrebootistheonly supportedapproachpriorNOtoV7.3-2,butarebootis obviously undesirableinvariousLOsituations-thereis presentlyno supported mechanismtore-PO^seterrorcountsoncetheerror(s)havebeenloggedontheseLOolder releases.+OnV7.3-2andlater,youcanusetheDCLOcommand:*O$&SET%DEVICE/RESET=ERROR_COUNTe! ;IOAsforan unsupported approach-andbeawareofthepo-OOtentialfor triggeringasystemcrash,youneedto determineTO5thesystemaddressoftheerrorcountfield.(Foradevice,thisNOisatanoffsetwithinthedevice'sUCB structure.)OnVAX,KOthefieldisatanoffset symbolicallydefinedasUCB$W_OO>ERRCNT.OnAlpha,thisfield'soffsetis symbolicallydefinedMOas UCB$L_ERRCNT.Theformerisawordinsize;thelatterOisa longword. KOYounowneedtolocatethesystemaddressoftheUCB$%_LOERRCNTfieldofthedeviceyouwishtoreset.*EnterSDA.UO5Inthe following,youwillsee designationsin{} separatedbyaTO/.*ThefirstiteminbracesistobeusedontheVAXandtheLOseconditemshouldbeusedonanAlpha.&(ie.& {VAX/Alpha})Ok$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM=OSDA>KREAD&'SYS${SYSTEM/LOADABLE_IMAGES}:SYSDEF.STBAOSDA>K!&SHOW%DEVICE&the%device%with%the%error(s)%OBSDA>KSHOW&DEVICE%.OSDA>KEVALUATE%UCB+UCB${W/L}_ERRCNT3OHex%=%hhhhhhhhpDecimal%=% -dddddddddd* UCB+offsetj@@ORecordthe hexadecimalvalue 'hhhhhhhh' returned.! zFOYoucannowexitfromSDAand$RUNSYS$SHARE:DELTABOordowhatIprefertodo,issuethe following:+OaSDA>&SPAWN&RUN%SYS$SHARE:DELTA7!  IOOnbothVAXandAlpha,theDELTAdebuggerwillbein-QOvokedandwillident-ifyitself.*OnAlpha,therewillbeanLO5Alpha instructiondecoded.'Forthose unfamiliarwithDELTA,LOitdoesnothaveapromptandonlyoneerror message-Eh?LO(Well,forsakeof argument,theremightbeanothererrorMO>producedontheconsoleifyou'renotcareful.+ThissecondBOerrorismorecommonlyknownasasystemcrash.)g==OIfyouareonaVAX,enterthecommand:&[Wf<O>Regroupandseewhereyoursessionwentawry.GLOIfyouenteredyouraddress correctlyandtheerrorcountMOwasreturnedasinthe followingexample,youcanproceed.?Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001p!%output%on%VAX,%1&errorEO00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001p!%output&on&Alpha,%1&error KOYoucannowZAPtheerrorcountbyenteringazeroand5Otypingacarriagereturn.&Forexample:#Oa00010001:80D9C6C8/0001&0 '  *M_ return *M w ']a!%output&on&VAX.%1%error'O00010001:80D9C6C8/00000001%0 u  uM return M u )!&output%on%Alpha,%1%errorlBBONowtypethecommandEXITandacarriagereturn.X..OAlternatively,rebootthesystem.R\[]8EO5.21CHowdoIfindoutifthetapedrivesupports'( compression?FOForvarious SCSI-basedMK-classmagnetictapedevices:?O2$& Devdepend2%=%#F$GETDVI("$n$MKcxxx:","DEVDEPEND2")$Oz$&Comp_sup&=% %X00200000$O$&Comp_ena&=% %X00400000?O $&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_sup).EQ.Comp_sup%THEN%-5RWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression% supported"?O$&IF&%(Devdepend2.AND.Comp_ena).EQ.Comp_ena%THEN%-3WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT% "Compression%enabled"] \^ IO5.22CCanIcopySYSUAFtoanotherversion?'ToVAX?To'(Alpha?DOTheformatofthe SYSUAF.DAT, RIGHTSLIST,andasso-IOciatedfilesareupward-compatible,and compatibleacross@O^OpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64sys-OOtems.((This compatibilityisaabasic requirementofmixed-AOversionOpenVMSClusterconfigurationsandOpenVMSIOh upgrades-forspecificsupport information,pleaseseetheEOOpenVMSClusterrollingupgradeand mixed-versionre-NO quirements.))Thatsaid,it'sthecontentsoftheSYSUAFandGOr RIGHTSLISTfilesthatwillmakethismore interesting.G! JOThesamebasicsteps necessaryformoving RIGHTSLISTandPOSYSUAFfilestoanothernodearerathersimilartothestepsKO5involvedinmergingthesefilesinanOpenVMS Cluster-seeKOtheappendixoftheOpenVMSCluster documentationforde-ROtailsofmergingfiles.'(YoumightnotbemergingthecontentsOO>oftwo(ormore)files,butyouare effectivelymergingtheLOcontentsofthefilesintothetargetsystem environment.)COConsiderations: zt `mBm applicationsoftenholdSYSUAFor RIGHTSLISTopen,Mmeaningasystemrebootisoftenthebestwaytoactivatenewfiles. `Athemeaningsofthe RESTRICTEDandCAPTIVEflagsEsettingsontheUAFentrieshavechangedovertime. `vEvthenew NET$PROXY.DATfilethatis initiallycreatedFbasedonthecontentsofthe NETPROXY.DATduringthe@'OpenVMSVAXV6.1upgradeandduringtheOpenVMSIAlphaV6.2upgrade.+Thisfileis maintainedinparallelwith NETPROXY.DAT. `WEWthe RIGHTSLIST identifiervaluesandUICvaluesthatHendup scatteredaroundthetargetsystemmustbera-H tionalizedwiththecontentsofthenew RIGHTSLISTandaSYSUAFfiles.! yJOThe lattermostcase-resolvingthe identifier values-isof-QOtenthemost interestingand difficultpart.*IfyoufindthatJO5an identifiervalue(or identifiername)fromthesourceLO RIGHTSLISTcollideswiththatofan identifierexistingonROthetargetsystem,youmustfirst determineifthetwoidenti-RO>fiersperformthesame function.'Inmostcases,theywillnot.UOAssuch,youwillhavetofindandchanceall referencestotheOO identifiervalue(s)(orname(s))toresolvethe``collision''.Q 'POIfyou encountera collision,changingbothofthe identifierQObinaryvalues(ornames)involvedinthe collisiontonewandKO5uniquevaluescanpreventsecurityproblemsifyoushouldNOmissacoupleof identifiersembedded somewhereonthetar-KOgetsystemduringthewhole conversionprocess-ratherthanLO>thewrong alphanumericvalueforthe identifierbeingdis-QOplayed,you'llsimplyseethebinaryformatforthe identifierOO displayed,andno particularaccesswillbegranted.)AndanyFOHDCLcommandsorsuchthat referencetheoldalphanu-MOmericnamewillfail,ratherthansilently(and potentially#O erroneously) succeeding._ 5OOSimilar requirementsexistforUICvalues,asthesetootendQOtobe scatteredalloverthesystem environment.(Likethebi-MO5nary identifiervalues,youwillfindUICvalues associatedHOwithdisks,ACLs,queues,andvariousother structures.WyHOForalistofthevariousfilessharedinanOpenVMSJOClusterandthatcanbeinvolvedwhen relocatinganen-DO5 vironmentfromonenodetoanother(ormergingen-DO vironmentsintoanOpenVMS Cluster),pleaseseethe@OSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEfileincludedinOpenVMSV7.2O>andlater releases.Q 'OO Procedurestoextractthecontentsofa (potentiallycorrupt)JOqueuedatabaseareprovidedontheOpenVMSFreeware(V5)JO5andcanbeusedtocombinetwoqueue databasestogetherDOwhile shufflingfilesbetweenOpenVMSClusterhosts.! NROForrelated discussionsof splittingaclusterintotwoorforTOremovinganodefromcluster (politicaldivorce,etc),seetopicsNO5(203),(767),(915)andothersintheAskTheWizardarea: ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&^]_?O5.23CHowdoIdelete (timeout)idle processes?DOUThereisnosuchcommand integratedwithinOpenVMS,LOthoughthereare (optional)timers availablewithincertainNOterminalserversandsimilardevices,andthereisaninte-GO^grated time-of-day mechanismthatprovidescontrolover.OwhenausercanaccessOpenVMS.~aTHOAsfor availabletools,thereareDECUS, freeware,andNO third-partytoolsknown variouslyas``idleprocess killers''LO5(IPK)or ``terminal timeout'' programs,aswellasvariousDOothernames.-Examplesinclude:-SaigaSystemsHitman,HO Watchdog,MadGoatWatcher(viatheMadGoatsiteortheAO>OpenVMS Freeware),Kblock,the NetworkingDynamicsOOtoolknownas Assassin,andtheZaptool.+Also availableisAOtheXLNperformancesystem managementutility,fromOH XLNsystems.tJJOArelatedpackage(for DECwindows sessions)is xtermlock.NMOIfthe forgetfulusersareinan applicationmenuenviron-MOment,themenucan potentiallybeextendedtoprovidethisO5 capability.u_^` MO5.24CDoIneedaPAKfortheDECevent(HPAnalyze)tool?HOUDECeventandHP(Compaq)Analyzeare availabletocus-IOtomerswithsupport contracts.,ThePAKisrequiredonlyLOfortheadvanced functionsof DECevent,thebasicbits-to-PO^text translationoftheerrorlogdoesnotrequirealicenseJOPAK.Ignoretheprompt,inotherwords.*(ThePAKshouldOObe availabletoyouifyouhaveahardwaresupportcontractMOhor warrantee,andthePAKenablestheuseoftheadvancedNOerroranalysisand notification capabilitieswithin DECevent.)_MOPleaseseethe followingwebsitefordetailsand downloads:OAnalyze)f< `m1m'http://www.compaq.com/support/svctools/!jLOAlsoseethetoolthatis availableonV7.3-2andlater.O$&ANALYZE/ERROR/ELV`_af! <DO5.25C INITIALIZEACCVIOandANSItapelabelsupport?POUAchangewasmade(backin1988)to(asitwasthenknown)COVAX/VMSV5.1-1thataddedsupportforthethen-newLOANSI X3.27-1987magnetictapelabel standard.(PriortotheLO^ANSI X3.27-1987 standard,thedatefieldintheANSIHDR1NOrecordpermitsdatesonlyasfarastheendofYear1999.IOWithANSI X3.27-1987,datesthroughYear1999anddates6OhfromYears2000to2099are permitted.! [@OVersionsofINIT.EXEand MTAACP.EXEfromVAX/VMSOOreleasespriortoV5.1-1will potentiallyhaveproblemsprop-HO5erly processingANSImagnetictapeswhenY2KandlaterGOdatesare involved-theDCL INITIALIZEcommandisknown=Oto encounteraccess violation(ACCVIO)errors. UOOThe available solutionsinclude upgrades,orsettingthedateOOback.*DirectinitializationofthetapewiththenewheadersTO5(via$qio)isalsoclearly possible,thoughthe limitationwithinHOtheold MTAACP.EXEmagtapeACPimageisnotnearlysoOeasytobypass.a`bIw=O5.26CHowdoIrecoverfrom INSVIRMEMerrors?EOUPriortoOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX?O releases,VIRTUALPAGECNTand PGFLQUOTAlimittheLOamountofvirtualaddressspacethatis availabletoeachO^process.KOFurtherlimitingtheamountofaddressspaceisthesizeFOofsystemspace(S0andS1space).-OnOpenVMSAlphaJO5versionspriortoV7.0andonallOpenVMSVAX releases,6OVIRTUALPAGECNTand MAXPROCESSCNTtogetherQO determinethesizeofthepagetabledata structuresthatoc-LO>cupylargetractsofsystemspace.)WhennosystemvirtualSOaddressspaceis availableforthestuffthatneedsit-thisin-KOcludesthepagetables, non-pagedpool,andvariousother?OHstructures-thenthevaluesofVIRTUALPAGECNTand/O MAXPROCESSCNTcannotbe increased.f! <OOInOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater,thepagetabledatastruc-POtureshavebeenmovedoutofS0andS1spaceandintopageNO5tablespace.'InOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater,certainlargeKOdata structuresfoundin non-pagedpool(eg:)lockmanage-JOment structures)havebeenmovedinto64-bitspace,thusMO>freeinguproomin non-pagedpoolandinS0andS1spaceJO(where non-pagedpoolresides)whilealso permittingmuch#Olargerdata structures.d /OTable5-1:7PCSI GenerationNumber O 0OF GenerationNumber GenerationSource Ob O 0040100000yV7.1-2O$ 004011xxxxy$V7.1-2ECOsO 0050100000yV7.2O 005011xxxxyV7.2ECOsO 0050120000yV7.2-1O  005013xxxxy V7.2-1ECOsO 0050140000yV7.2-1H1O 005015xxxxyV7.2-1H1ECOsOx 0050160000yxV7.2-2O 005017xxxxyV7.2-2ECOsOl 0060000000ylV7.3O 006001xxxxyV7.3ECOsO_ 0060020000y_V7.3-1O 006003xxxxyV7.3-1ECOsOS 0060100000ySV7.3-2O 006011xxxxyV7.3-2ECOsOF  0070040000yF V8.2O  007005xxxxy V8.2ECOsO:  0070060000y: V8.2-1O  007007xxxxy V8.2-1ECOs O .bac! KQO5.27CHowcanIpreventaserialterminallinefrom initiating'(alogin?6OInSYSTARTUP_VMS.COM,issuethecommand:7O2$&SET%TERMINAL/NOTYPEAHEAD/PERMANENT%ddcu: LOThiswillpreventany unsolicitedterminalinputonddcu:,HOandthis unsolicitedinputiswhattriggers JOB_CONTROLEO5tostartupLOGINOUTonthe terminal.)OnceLOGINOUTSOstartsupontheserialline,youcansee interesting behaviourKO(eg:+audits,process creations,etc)asLOGINOUTtriestoNO>``chat''withwhateverdeviceishookedontotheremoteend*Ooftheserialterminalline.c be= )EO5.28CHowdoesPCSIusetheimage BUILD_IDENTfield?JOUThe(undocumented)buildidentfieldinanOpenVMSAlphaTOimageheaderis16byteslong,andisusedasacountedstringSOof0-15 characters(ie,asan.ASCICstring,astringwiththeNO^ charactercountinbyte0)andwas originally introducedtoHOprovide informationforuseby VMSINSTALpatchkitstoGO determinewhetheranimageshouldbereplacedornot. k}:OStarting with!OpenVMS Alpha!V7.1-2,"OpenVMSJO EngineeringusesthePCSIutilitytopackageandinstallJO5ECOkitsforOpenVMS.PCSIusesthe generation attributeQO(a32-bitunsignedinteger) specifiedforfilesintheproductSO descriptionfile(PDF)ofaPCSIkitasthebasisforperform-PO>ingfileconflict detectionand resolution.)WhenaproductisPO installed,PCSImodifiesthebuildidentfieldofAlphaimageMOheaderstostoreanencodedformofthe generationnumber.WOHItalsolooksatthebuildidentfieldof previously installedim-OOagestoobtainthe generation informationforthosefilesasOOinputtothefileconflict processing algorithm.)(Onlyimages)ORhavethisfield, obviously.)oROPCSI interpretsthebuildidentfieldofa previously installedOimageasfollows:B `mOmifthestringlengthis15,the5th characterisahyphen,Kandthelastten charactersareatendigitnumberwithMleadingzeros,thenthelastten charactersaretreatedas'wavalid generationnumber. `IforV7.1-2throughV7.2-1, inclusive,iftheabovetestJOfails,the informationisobtainedfromthePCSIproduct database. `'D'inreleasesafterV7.2-1andwithcurrentPCSIECONkits,iftheabovetestfails,aninvalid generationnumberJistreatedas 0000000000sothattheECOkitwillsim-E0plyreplacetheimageratherthanassumingthePCSI"databaseisinerror. ySOSo,whatwillyouseeintheimageidentification displayedvia&Othe ANALYZE/IMAGEcommand?KOForanimagethathasbeenbuiltaspartofanOpenVMSNO Engineeringsystembuild,youwill generallyseeabuildIDIO5stringintheformat``X6TE-SSB-0000''-X6TEisthebuildFOnumberfortheOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1release.-ThisidJOformatisusedwithintheOpenVMSsystembuild,andcanNO> generallyonlybeseen associatedwithimagesthathavenot*Oyetbeen processedviaPCSI.4  PODuringthe installationofV7.2-1,PCSIwillmodifytheimageMOheadertohaveabuildidentstringof``X6TE-0050120000''.OO5During installationofanECOkit containingthisimagewithJOa generationnumberof 50130052,forexample,PCSIwouldLO determinethat50130052isgreaterthan 50120000,andwillRO>replacetheexistingimageonthetargetdiskwiththeversion6OoftheimageincludedintheECOkit. WFORangesofPCSI generationnumbersforvariousOpenVMS%OreleasesareincludedinTable5-1.'JTheuseofxxxx indicatesOO5arangeof generationsis available,from0000to9999,in-Oclusive.EyTheformatof,the particular operationof,andtheLO assignmentofPCSI generationnumbersissubjecttochangeO>withoutnotice.*b?[ ecfMJ#EO5.29CHowcanItellwhatsoftware(andversion)is' installed?NOThereis unfortunatelyno consistentnorsinglewaytomakePOthisdetermination-thisisoneofthereasonsthatamoveto,O1PCSI installationsis underway.! ?OOnOpenVMSAlpha,youcanuseVMSINSTAL.HISTORYAOandPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCTto determinewhatpack-MOiageshavebeen installedviathe VMSINSTALandPCSItools,O respectively. IOToseewhichOpenVMSAlphaECOkitshavebeenapplied,DOlookinVMSINSTAL.HISTORYonOpenVMSAlphapriortoNOTES.Again,thisapproachisNOT reliable:)somekitsdoJOnotprovidereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswillin-QOstallonlythereleasenotes,somesystemmanagerswilldeletePOHreleasenotes,andreleasenotesformultipleversionscanbeOpresent. NFOOnmost packages,youcan generallyuse ANALYZE/IMAGEROononeofthecoreimages,lookingattheimageidentificationMO5area.'Someoftheproduct-specific mechanisms availableare: `m)mDQS DQS$VERSIONlogicalname `C CC/VERSION `llC++ CXX/VERSION `/TCP/IPTCPIPSHOWVERSIONcommandfeg )@O5.30CWhatfilechecksumtoolsare availablefor'(OpenVMS?ontheOpenVMSFreewareV8.0 distribution.+Alsoseethe8OCHECKSUM/ALGORITHM=MD5command availableon$OOpenVMSV8.2andlater.2FOTheOpenVMSAlphaECO(patch)kit checksums availableLOattheECOwebsiteare determinedusingthe followingDCLO5command sequence:.O$&CHECKSUM&kitname.pcsi-dcx_axpexe,O$&SHOW%SYMBOL&CHECKSUM$CHECKSUM s OSeeSection5.177for informationon acquiringOpenVMSECOO(patch)kits.*F?gfhAw@O5.31CWhat(andwhere)istheOpenVMS Management'(Station?AOFor informationand currentkitsfor theOpenVMSGO ManagementStation(OMS),aPC-basedtoolthatpermits=O^youtomanageanOpenVMSsystem,pleasesee:t+ J `m?m5http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/argus/hgi zHO5.32CHowto determinecurrentdisk fragmentationlevel?FOUTheHPOpenVMSDiskFile Optimizer(DFO) defragmenta-NOtionpackageprovidesa fragmentation monitoringtool,andaNODFOproduct authorizationkey(PAK)isnotrequiredforthe)O^ fragmentation reportingtool:'O$&DEFRAG% SHOW/VOLUME%ddcu:zDOTheDFUtool availableontheOpenVMSFreewarecan&REPORT%ddcu: jikJO5.34CHowcanI customizetheDCPSdevicecontrolfora'(newprinter?HOTo customizeDCPSforan otherwise unsupportedprinter,2Oyoucantrythe following sequence:c 9 `mFmExtractthemostclosely-associatedsetupmodulesfromDtheexistingdevicecontrollibrary,DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB.I(For instance,youcanprobablyextractandusetheHPKwLaserJet4000series definitionsfortheHPLaserJet4050Lseries.)Eachprinterwillvary,pleaseconsulttheprinter<( documentationfor specificsandrequirements.) `Grenameeach extractedsetupmoduletoacorresponding:,LPS$$UNRECOGNIZED_* `FInsertallofthe above-renamedsetupmodulesintoaI newly-createddevicecontrollibraryspecifictothenew]printer:#$&LIBRARY/TEXT/CREATE%-.i)$SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]HP4050_DEVCTL.TLBiqLPS$$UNRECOGNIZED*! .@WTheaboveassumesthefilenameHP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,alteras required. `/B/SetupyourDCPSstartup procedurestoincludea/ search-listlogicalnamesuchas:8 $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&DCPS_HP4050_LIBJ-+iTSYS$LIBRARY:HP4050_DEVCTL.TLB,&-%iSYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$DEVCTL.TLB `8Supply DCPS_HP4050_LIB as the library pa-Etrameterinthequeuestartupforthisprinter,this=is theP3 parametertothe command procedure/%%SYS$STARTUP:DCPS$EXECUTION_QUEUE.COM. `EThe HP4050_DEVCTLlibrarymay/willneedtoberecre-Hatedandmodules re-editedandreplacedwitheachDCPSIVupgrade, particularlyifanymodulesareupdatedintheKoriginallibrary.*Youwillalsowantto determineiftheJupgradedversionofDCPSdirectlysupportsthe particular_printer. `FTo customizethe processingoffile extensionswithinK7DCPS(toenableordisablegraybaroutput,for instance),/usethe information availablein:?5SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DAT_DEFAULT!f/Otocreateyourownsite-specific:7O-SYS$LIBRARY:DCPS$FILE_EXTENSION_DATA_TYPE.DATU+OAlsosee}Section5.15.*}F?ykjl=O5.35CWhydo$GETDEVMOUNTCNTandSHOWDEVICE '(mountcountsdiffer?COMOUNTCNTreturnsthelocalmountcount,whileSHOW;ODEVICEreturnsthe cluster-widemountcount.mlnnIO5.37CHowdoIremoveaPCSI-installedpatch(ECO)kit?COUYoucannotPRODUCTREMOVEaPCSIpatch(ECO)kit." KOInordertoremoveanECOkit,PCSIwouldhavetohavePOcopiesofalltheotherversionofthefilesfromallotherJO5patchesandproductsthat previouslywere installed.+ThisKOcanclearlyinvolvealargenumberoffilesandalargeSOarchiveofoldfileversionsanda substantialquantityofdiskTO>space.(Whileremovalisclearly theoretically possible,itisnot!O currently implemented. aLOThe followingisthe supported mechanismtoremoveaPCSIOpatchkit. p?Om1.JExecuteaPRODUCTSHOWPRODUCT product-name.C/FULLcommand.(The``maintenance''column(132col-Humnwidth)showsthepatchesthathavebeen installed.+wKeepacopyofthislisting.JO2.JAcquirekitsforallofthe maintenancekitslisted.LOv3.J Re-installthepriorFULLversionoftheproduct.*ThisIwillremoveallpatchkits,settingtoproductbackto"' ``original'' condition.RO4.J Re-installallthepatchesinthelistfromstep1,exceptDthosepatcheswhichyouhave determinedyoudonotWwant.tJJOTheabove informationalsoappliestoPCSIPARTIALkits.nmo,F LOAD_PWD_POLICYandthe programmingconceptsman-FOual,andseetheexamplesinSYS$EXAMPLES:.) (ExamplesMOand documentationonV7.3andlaterreflectboth platforms,KOHtheexamplesarefoundonlyonOpenVMSVAXkitsonear-OOlier releases.)The capabilitieshaveexistedonboththeVAX7OandAlpha platformsforsometimenow.) LOToverifycurrent passwords,youcanalsousea techniqueNOknowntosystemcrackersasthe ``dictionaryattack''-theFO5 mechanismthatmakesthisattacksomewhatmorediffi-IOcultonOpenVMSisthehashingschemeusedonOpenVMS,LOandthefile protectionsusedfortheSYSUAF authorizationKO> database.*Givena dictionaryofwordsandthe unprotectedNOcontentsoftheSYSUAFfile,asearchforobvious passwordsNOcanbe performed.*Interestingly,a ``dictionaryattack''alsoMOHhasthe unfortunate side-effectofexposingthepasswordtoPOthe user-whilethisisclearlythegoalofasystemcracker,LO authorized privilegedandnon-privilegedsystemusersshouldKORnotknownorhaveaccesstothe (cleartext) passwordsofOotherusers. bLO Accordingly,OpenVMSdoesnotstorethe cleartest password.HOFurther,OpenVMSusesapasswordhashing algorithm,notOO5an encryption algorithm.'Thismeansthatstorageofaclear-OOtextpasswordis deliberatedavoided,andthe cleartextvalueUOis deliberatelyvery difficulttoobtain.(ThehashisbasedonaMO>Purdy Polynomial,andthehashitselfincludes user-specificKOvaluesinadditiontothe password,valuesthatmaketheCOresultsofthepasswordhashuniquetoeachuser.1! RO Regardlessoftheuseofapasswordhashingscheme,ifacopyLOofyourpasswordfileshouldbecome availabletoasystemSO5cracker,youwillwanttoforcealluserstousenew passwordsO immediately. OOIfyoushouldrequireausertoverifya password,usetheNO username,theuser'ssaltvalue(thisvalueisacquiredviaJO5$getuai)andtheuser's specified cleartext password,andMOcomparethe resultinghashedvalue(usingacallto$hash_HO password)againstthesavedhashedpasswordvalue(thisLO>valuealsoacquiredvia $getqui).,Forreasonsof security,MOavoidsavinga cleartextpasswordvalueinanydatafiles,FOanddonotmaintainthe cleartextpasswordinmemoryPOHlongerthan required.'(Useofsys$acmonV7.3-1andlaterisO recommended.)LOKerberosauthentication(clientandserver)is availableonEOOpenVMSV7.3andlater.- IntegrationofKerberossup-KO5portintovariousCompaqandinto third-partyproductsisO expected. NPOExternalauthenticationis availableinV7.3-1andlater,withJOsupportfor user-writtenexternalauthenticationinV7.3-2O5andlater.E GOIfyouaresimplylookingforOpenVMSaccessandtheLOSYSTEMandallother privileged passwordsare forgottenor7O5 otherwise unavailable,pleaseseesection5Section5.65and/or+OtheOpenVMS documentationset.* }?!cHOAlsopleaseseetheNCSCC2 guidelinesintheOpenVMSOsecuritymanual.Lfr=qsp"FFO5.42CPleasehelpmewiththeOpenVMSBACKUPutility?R# `(;O5.42.1CWhyisn'tBACKUP/SINCE=BACKUPworking?OO4Ifyouareseeingmorefilesbackedupthan previously,youNOareseeingtheresultofachangethatwasmadetoensureCOBACKUPcanperformanincrementation restorationofRO=thefiles.*In particular,ifa directoryfile modificationdateOOchanges,allfiles underneathitareincludedintheBACKUP,OOinordertopermit incremental restorationshoulda directoryOGfilegetrenamed.;$ SO5.42.1.1BWhyhasOpenVMSgonethroughtheagonyofthischange?MO)Whena directoryisrenamed,themodifieddateischanged.NOWhenthe restorationneedstorestorethe directoryanditsRO contents,andthe restorationshouldnotresultintherestora-QO3tionoftheolder directorynamewhenaseriesof incremental@OBACKUPsare restored.-Thusan incrementalBACKUP@O operationneedstopickupallofthechanges.%LOConsider performingan incremental restoration,totesttheDO procedures.,ThistestingwashowOpenVMS EngineeringLO5foundoutabouttheproblemthatwaslatentwiththeoldAOBACKUP selection scheme-theold incrementalBACKUPKOschemewouldhavemissed restoringanyfilesunderare-KO>named directory.)Hencethechangetothe selectionmecha-Onisms mentionedin'Section5.42.1.*%'Z?#& EO5.42.1.2BCanyougettheoldBACKUP behaviourback?FO)Yes,pleaseseethe/NOINCREMENTAL qualifier availableIOonrecentOpenVMSversions(andECOkits).,UseofthisMO qualifierinformsBACKUPthatyouareawareofthelimita-KO3tionsoftheoldBACKUP behaviouraround incrementaldiskO restorations.l' VBEO5.42.2CWhatcanIdotoimproveBACKUP performance?HO4Usethe documentedcommandsinthemanualforperform-EOing incrementalBACKUPs.(Usethe documented incremen-MOtal procedures.(Don'ttrytouse incrementalcommandsina#O=non-incrementalcontext.C(! DOAlsoconsider understandingandthenusing /NOALIAS,OOwhichwilllikelybeabiggerwinthanwillanythingtodoKO5withthe incrementalBACKUPs, particularlyonsystemdisks;Oandanyotherdiskswith directoryaliases.o)EEOSeetheOpenVMS documentationfor additionaldetails.*NEOIgnoringhardware performanceandprocessquotas,theIO performanceofBACKUPduringadisksavesetcreationis1O5 typicallylimitedbythreefactors:M+##Om1.JDefaultextendsize, vHWThedefaultbehaviorcanhavepoor performance,astheFextend operationcaninvolve extensive additionalpro-JcessingandI/O operations.'ConsiderchangingthedefaultLaextendvalueonthevolume,orchangetheextendfortheprocess:">$&set%rms/extend=65000O2.JOutputIOsizeu- KMWThedefaultIOsizeforwritinganRMS sequentialfileisO32blocks,anincreasefromthevalueof16blocksusedonKearlier versions.(Settingthistothemaximumof127canEareducethenumberofIOsbyalmostafactorof4:$&set% rms/block=127.HCWNotethatthe performancemightbebetteronsomeR controllersiftheblockcountisamultipleof4-e.g.'1243O/3.J Synchronouswritestothesaveset/1 AWStartingwithOpenVMSV7.3,youcannowpersuadeIRMStoturnon write-behindfor sequentialfilesopenedF unshared.,(PleaseseetheV7.3releasenotesormoreFarecent documentationfor details.)+Enablingthewrite-Ebehind operationsinvolvessettingthedynamicsystem= parameterRMS_SEQFILE_WBHto1.)This parameterLkisdynamic,anditcanbeenabledanddisabledwithoutaPreboot,andchangesinitssettingcanandwilldirectlyef-Mfecttherunningsystem.*InordertogetthefullbenefitHtfrom write-behind operations,youalsoneedtoincreaseJtheRMSlocalbuffercountfromthedefaultof2toaG%largernumber.,Raisingthevalueto10isprobablya8~ reasonablefirstestimateforthisvalue.#$&run%sys$system:sysman!K PARAMETERS&USE%ACTIVE- PARAMETERS&SET%RMS_SEQFILE_WBH%1# PARAMETERS&WRITE&ACTIVE#EXIT6j$&SET%$RMS/BUFFER=10/EXTEND=65000/BLOCK=127E$&BACKUP%source-specification%ddcu:[dir]saveset.bck/SAVE0 >O5.42.3CWhyisBACKUPnotworkingas expected?LO4First,pleasetakethetimetoreviewtheBACKUPdocumen-EOtation,and particularlytheBACKUPcommand examples.JOThenpleasedownloadandinstallthemostcurrentBACKUPRO=ecokit.*Finally,pleasepleasesettheprocessquotaspertheDOSystem Managementdocumentation.+Thesestepstendto(Oresolvemostproblemsseen.T1*IOBACKUPhasaverycomplex interface,andtherearenu-COmerouscommandexamplesand extensiveuserdocumen-LO5tation available.*Forasimpleruser interfaceforBACKUP,COpleaseseethe documentationfortheBACKUP$MANAGEROtool.m2CCOAsforrecentBACKUPchanges, oddities,bugs,etc: 3!  `mFmAchangemadeinOpenVMSV6.2WILLcausemorefilesGtobeincludedintoa file-basedBACKUPsavesetusingC /SINCE=BACKUPasallfiles underneathany directoryMwwitha sufficientlyrecent (selected)datewillbeincludedMinthesaveset.&Thischangewas deliberateand intentional,G(andwasmandatedbytheneedtoprovidea functional# incremental restoration.*4JWWithoutthe inclusionoftheseapparently-extrafiles,anA incrementalsavesetcanNOTbereliably restored. `/@/AspartoftheOpenVMSV6.2change,the/SINCE?command-withoutthe specificationofthe=BACKUPJkeyword-selectedmorefilesthanitshouldhave.)ThisisC9abug.-ThisbughasbeenremediedintheOpenVMSBBACKUPsourcecodeandinsomeof(allof?)0theBACKUPECOkits.f5<NKOAlsoseethe``SITEVMS'',/FDL,andvariousotherfile-MO attributesoptions availableinvariousFTPtools.,(NotallLO5 availableFTPtoolssupportanyorallofthese options.)?eLOBrowser downloads(viaFTP)and incorrect(binaryorasciiHOFTPtransfermodes)are notoriousforcausingRMSfileGO5 corruptionsand particularlyBACKUPsaveset corruptions.MOYoucan sometimeshelp encouragethebrowsertoselectthe=OcorrectFTPtransfertypecode(via RFC1738):@  `mFmftp://host/urlname.ext;type=i!*requestftp image/binarytransfer `ELEftp://host/urlname.ext;type=a!'requestftp ascii/texttrans- ferA WMOYoucanalsooften configurethe particularwebbrowsertoPOchoosethe appropriatetransfermodebydefault,basedontheNO5 particularfile extensions,usinga customizationmenuavail-OOableinmostweb browsers.*YoucanselectthatthespecificLOfile extentionsinvolvedusetheFTPbinarytransfermode,BO>whichwillreducethenumberof corruptionsseen.Bk[FO5.42.5CHowdoIwriteaBACKUPsavesettoaremoteg(tape?GOHowtodothis correctlywas describedatDECUSlongLOago.*OntheOpenVMShostwiththetapedrive,createthe(O= following SAVE-SET.FDLfile:ORECORDz FORMAT fixedzRSIZER8192C *OThencreateBACKUP_SERVER.COM:O$&!ROP$&!%BACKUP_SERVER.COM%-%provide&remote%tape&service%for&BACKUP.O$&!O$&set%noon O($&set%rms/network=16&Op$&allocate&mka500%tapedev>O$&(mount/nounload/over:id/block=8192/assist%tapedev=O$&convert/fdl=SAVE-SET&sys$net%tapedev:save-set.%OH$&dismount/unload%tapedevO$& stop/id=0D NOOnthenodewhereyouwanttodothebackup,usetheDCLOcommand:Oa$&backup%- srcfilespec%-? node"user&*pwd"::"task=backup_server"/block=8192/saveE! OOOneareawhichdoesnotfunctionhereisthevolumeswitch;QO multi-reelormulti-cartridge savesets.'SincethetapeisbeingEO5writtenthroughDECnetandRMSandthemagtapeACP,KOBACKUPwon'tseethemediaswitchandwillsplitanXORFOgroupacrossthereel boundary.,BACKUPmightwellbeNO>willingtoreadsucha multi-reelormulti-cartridgesavesetRO (directly,notoverthenet)astheXORblocksare effectivelyPOignoreduntilandunlessneededforerrorrecovery operations.IOHBACKUPlikelywillnotbeabletoperforman XOR-based involved.J! eJOWithdataofgreatervalueorwithdataexposure(some-NOtimesfar)morecostlythantheresidualvalueofthediskPO5storage involved,thephysical destructionoftheplattersmayMOwellbethemost expedient, economical,and appropriateap-KOproach.*The unintendedexposureofabadblock containingOO>customer healthcaredataorofcreditcardnumberscanquiteUObecostly,ofcourse,bothintermsofthedirectloss,andtheAO longer-termandindirectcostsofsuch exposures.K! JOOther potentialoptionsincludetheFreewareRZDISKpack-=Oage,theOpenVMSINITIALIZE/ERASEcommand(andLO5 potentiallyin conjunctionwiththe$erapatsystemservice)BOandOpenVMSAskTheWizard(ATW)topics includingOO(841),(3926),(4286),(4598),and(7320).)For additionalin-DO> formationon sys$erapat,seetheOpenVMS ProgrammingDOConceptsmanualandtheOpenVMSVAXexamplesmodule8OSYS$EXAMPLES:DOD_ERAPAT.MAR.Somediskcon-SOHtrollersandevenafewdiskscontainsupportfordataerasure.1OSomeDSSIDiskISEs,for instance.#L NOForthe preventionofcasualdiskdata exposures,agenericFOINITIALIZE/ERASE operationisprobably sufficient.+ThisPO5isnot completely reliable, particularlyifthedataisvalu-SOable,oriflegal,administrativeor contractual restrictionsareLOstringent-theremaywellbe revectoredblocksthatarenotKO> overwrittenornot completely overwrittenbythiserasure,LOas discussedabove,andtheseblockscan obviouslycontainSOatleastpartofmostanydatathatwasstoredonthedisk-ROHbutthisbasicdisk overwrite operationislikely sufficientto:Opreventthetypical information disclosures.MROYouwillwanttoconsultwithyoursitesecurityofficer,yourOO corporatesecurityorlegaloffice,withHPServicesoryourPO5preferedservice organization,orwithafirmthat specializesMOinerasureordatadeclassificationtasks.+HPServicesdoesKO traditionallyofferasecurediskdeclassificationservice.Nb>O5.42.7CHowtoenabletelnetvirtual terminals?JO4ToenablevirtualterminalsupportfortelnetandrloginIOdevices,addthe followinglogicalname definitionsintoOSYLOGICALS.COM:&SET%CONF&COMM/REMOTE=VIRTUALT t?O5.42.7.1BVolume ShadowingMiniCopyvs MiniMerge?JO) MiniMergesupporthasbeen availableformanyyearswithIOOpenVMS host-basedvolume shadowing,solongasyouhadIOMSCP controllers(eg:)HSC,HSJ,orHSD)which supportedEO3theVolume ShadowingAssistknownas``WriteHistoryO Logging''.U NOOIfyouare interestedin mini-mergeandsimilar technologies,JOpleaseseetheFibreChannelwebpageandthe informationO5 availablethere:kVA `m6m,http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/W! MO Mini-Mergesupportwas originallyintendedtobe controller-NObasedandwasexpectedwithHSG80seriesstorage controllersHO5andwasexpectedtorequireACS8.7andOpenVMSAlphaOV7.3-1.X! dGO Host-based Mini-Merge(HBMM)isnow availableforspe-OOcificOpenVMSreleasesviaa shadowingECOkit,andisalsoIO5presentinOpenVMSV8.2andlater.)HBMMappliestotheIOHSG80seriesand-like host-basedvolume shadowing-tomostcommandOpenVMSonlyhastoupdatetheareasofthere-MOturneddiskthatthebit-map indicatesarenow out-of-date.MOOpenVMSdoesthiswithareadsource/writetargetalgo-LOHrithm,whichismuchfasterthanthe shenaniganstheFullTOCopydoes,soevenifallofthediskhaschanged,a Mini-Copy*OisfasterthanaFullCopy.;\ h!O 5.42.7.1.2C Mini-Merge?)A ShadowingMergeisiniti-FO(atedwhenanOpenVMSnodeinthecluster(whichhadEOa shadowsetmounted)crashesor otherwiseleavesun-GO expectedly,without dismountingthe shadowsetfirst..InMO2thiscase,OpenVMSmustensurethatthedatais identical,NOsince Shadowing guaranteesthatthedataonthedisksinaLO shadowsetwillbe identical.+InaregularMerge operation,KO< Shadowingusesan algorithmsimilartotheFullCopyal-LOgorithm(exceptthatitcanchooseeitherofthemembers'QOcontentsasthesourcedata,sincebothare consideredequallyROEvalid),andscanstheentiredisk.(Also,tomakethingsworse,OOforanyread operationsintheareaaheadofwhathasbeenLOmerged, Shadowingwillfirstmergethearea containingthe9OOreaddata,thenallowthereadtooccur.*]! MOAMergecanbeverytime-consumingandveryI/O intensive.QOIfanodecrashes,the survivingnodescanqueryto determineNO5whatexactareasofthediskthedepartednodewaswritingNOtojustbeforethecrash,andthus ShadowingonlyneedstoROmergejustthosefewareas,sothistendstotakeseconds,asMO>opposedto potentially requiringmanyminutesorevenhours'OforaregularfullMerge.srt^2@O5.43CPleaseexplain DELETE/ERASEandFileLocks?IOU DELETE/ERASEholdsthefilelockandalsoholdsalockKOontheparent directoryforthedurationoftheerasure.MOThislockingcan obviouslycauseanaccessconflictonei-RO^therthefileoronthe directory-itmightwellpaytorenameNOfilesintoa temporary directorylocationbeforeissuingtheKO DELETE/ERASE, particularlyforlargefilesand/orforsys-NOhtemswithmultiple overwriteerasepatternsinuse;foranyEOsystemswherethe DELETE/ERASEerasure operationwillOtakeawhile.Zutvh9O5.45C Host-basedVolume ShadowingandRAID?HOU Host-basedVolume Shadowing(HBVS)isDisk MirroringisORAIDLevel1.i OOHBVSiscapableof shadowingdevicesof different geometries,MOof differentblockcounts(with dissimilardevice shadowing;IO5allowingformixturesof hardware)and-withdynamicvol-GOume expansion-ofgrowingvolumesonthefly,andHBVSIOiscapableofshadowing/mirroring/raid-1 operationsacrossKO>clusterconfigurationsuptothefull span-pleaseseetheKOClusterSPDforthecurrent supportedspan;the supportedKOspanlimitis currentlymultiplehundredsof kilometers-ofKOHacluster.*HBVScanbelayeredonto controller (hardware)ORAID,aswell.jmGOFor informationon host-based striping,pleaseseethe&O StorageWorksRAIDproduct.vuwMk%##O 6.2 Information!on!MaillAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.wvxgm w=KO6.1BMAILkeepssayingIhavenew messages,butIdon't.(WhatdoIdo?Oifyouseethe/F%MAIL-W-NONEWMAIL,nonewmessagesFOerrorreportedwhenMAIL indicatesyouhave messages,HO^thentheNEWMAILcounthasbecomeskewedfromreality.pn! FOOThecountofnewmailmessagesiskept separatelyfromyourGOmailfolder,andisstoredinVMSMAIL_PROFILE.DATA.ItPO5 sometimeshappensthatthiscountdiffersfromwhatisstoredPOinyourmailfolder.(Ifthisarises,invokeMAILandrepeat-FOedlyentertheREAD/NEWcommand(orpressthekeypadHO>hyphenkeyonan LK-compatible keyboard)untilyouseeHOnonewmail messages.)Thenenterthecommandonemore:Otime.'Thiswill resynchronizethe counters. o POIfyouare operatinginaclusterandfindyourmailcountsMO inconsistentacrossclustermembers,yourcustomerislikelyCO5missinga definitionoftheVMSMAIL_PROFILElogicalMOname-andisprobablyalsomissing definitionsofotherlog-NOicalnames associatedwithothersharedfiles-orhasoneorTO>more inconsistent definitionsofthisandlikelyofotherlogicalOnames.pb NSOFordetailsonthe configurationdatafilesthatmustbesharedKOwithinacluster,pleaseseeSYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATEO5onV7.2andlater. xwyqFO6.2BHowdoIsendorread attachmentsinVMSMAIL?QOUIsthereanywaytosendorreadmailwithfilesasattach-OmentsfromVMS?roMONotdirectlywiththeOpenVMSMAIL facility,butthereare"Oseveralotheroptions:$s  `mEmInstallPINE, available commerciallyfromInnosoftorEfreefromAndyHarper.*WithPINEyoucanbothsendHandreceiveMIME messages,ifyouhavethe appropriatewviewers available.t _ h!Yhhttp://www.process.com/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ f0Yf&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ `DIfyouareworkingfromanXWindowsdisplay,youF>canusetheOpenVMSversionofNetscape NavigatororJMozilla.'ThemaildownloadprotocolchosentoaccesstheGmailserverfromthe NavigatororMozillamailclientGHcanbePOPorIMAP,withtheformercausingmessagesKtobe downloadedwhilethelatterpermitsmessagestobeJretainedonthemailserver.(MostfolkspreferIMAPforRthisreason. `=MPACK/MUNPACK.TosendaMIMEmail, constructB)themessagewith attachmentsmanuallyusingMPACK.JYoucannotsendthe resultingfiledirectlythroughMAILJbecauseanextrablankheaderlinewillbeinsertedbe-A3tweenyourmessageandtheOpenVMSMAILheaders,GwhichwillcausethemessagetoappearasplaintextEinmostmail programs.*SomeTCP/IPstacksprovideaJ=workaroundforthisproblem,andifthatdoesn'twork,Myoushould generallybeabletoforcethemessagedirectlyGintotheSMTPportofyourmailmachine.*Examplesof!Fbothmethodsarein:xu N hCYh9http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/software/openvms/mmail.comv !IWToreadaMIMEmailmessage,openitinMAIL,extractKittoafile,thenuseMUNPACKtobreakoutanddecodethe attachments.w8W MPACK/MUNPACKtoolsarealso available on"OpenVMSFreewareV5.0. `/@/WithOpenVMSV7.2andlater,usetheMIMEtool"suppliedwithOpenVMS.yxzx! ;O6.3BHowcanIblockSMTPmailrelayspam?OOUUsethe anti-spam capabilitiespresentintheTCP/IPServices*OV5.1andlaterSMTPservers.EyOUsea firewall.z&  rJOOnearlierTCP/IPServices releases,somesimpleDCLcanFO reportedlypreventrelaySMTPspam.)UsetheUCXcom-BO5mandSHOWSERVICE SMTP/FULLtofindthe directory;O containingtheUCX$SMTP_RECV_STARTUP.COMfile,+Oandinsertthe followingDCL: Ok$ zk! O$z!%Block%spam. O$ z! OB$HzB>MY_ADDRESS_LONG[0,32]=F$INTEGER(F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")-"::") O$Jz@MY_ADDRESS=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-)F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" Ob$6zb,MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE=F$FAO("!UB.!UB.!UB.!UB",-E;F$CVUI(24,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(16,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),-D:F$CVUI(8,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG),F$CVUI(0,8,MY_ADDRESS_LONG))'" O:$Nz:WRITE& SYS$OUTPUT% F$TIME()+"%%"+F$TRNLNM("SYS$REM_NODE")+MY_ADDRESS O$?zUCX%SHOW&HOST%$'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.INPUTS.ORBS.ORG O$zIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN OZ$:ZWRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%from&relay& rejected" O$EXIT O$zENDIF O2$Dz2UCX%SHOW&HOST%)'MY_ADDRESS_REVERSE'.SPAMSOURCES.ORBS.ORG Oz$zzIF& $STATUS.EQ.1 O$zTHEN O $< WRITE% SYS$OUTPUT%"SPAM%source%relay% rejected" OR$REXIT O$zENDIF O$ z! O) $z) !%Run& receiver. Oq $ zq ! O $/z run% sys$system:ucx$smtp_receiver.exe O $z goto%exitzy{R{%((O 7.2 Information!on! Utilities|Aq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.K {z| }! DO7.1BHowdoIplayanaudioCDonmy workstation?IOUIfyou've installedthe DECwindows examples,you'llfindAODECW$CDPLAYER.C,.DAT,.EXE,.UIL,and.UID.CopyEOthe.UIDand.DATfilestoDECW$USER_DEFAULTS:(typ-DO^ically SYS$LOGIN:),definethelogicalnameDECW$CD_JOPLAYERtobethedevicenameofyourCD-ROMdrive(eg.BO DKA400:),giveyourselfPHY_IOandDIAGNOSEprivi-NOhleges,andrunthe.EXE.(These privilegesare required,asSOtheaccesstothe CD-related extensionswillrequiretheuseofGOtheprivilege-protected IO$_DIAGNOSEI/Ofunctioncode.)QOrYoucanalsoinstalltheimagewiththese privileges.)SeetheMOsourcefor additionaldetails-notethatthecommentsre-CO#gardingtheneedforSYSGENCONNECTarenolonger7O{ applicable(atleastasofVMSV5.5-2).~8OThere'salsoSYS$EXAMPLES:CDROM_AUDIO.Cand?O.EXE,a non-Motifprogram, availableonOpenVMS1O5VAX,andDECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER. @* 5on,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.V! t,?OThestandardOpenVMSATA(IDE) SYS$DQDRIVERde-NOvicedriverdoesnotsupportthe necessarydoesnotsupportJO5the necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEfunctioncodethatisrequiredIOforaccesstoaudioCDmediacommands(onOpenVMSver-JOsionspriortoV7.3),butanupdated SYS$DQDRIVERdeviceMO>driver(sourcecodeandall)withthis capabilityandwithDOthesourcecodeofanupdated DECW$CDPLAYERCDau-IOdioplayeris availableontheOpenVMSFreewarewebsiteFOH!(www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/,lookforthe directoryMO /dqdriver/),andtheseupdatesarealsoincludedonOpenVMSEOFreewareV5.0,andOpenVMSECOkits containingnewerRORversionsofthedriverare available.'FreewareV6.0hasaver-KOsionofDQDRIVERthatisnewerthanthatoftheOpenVMSLOAlphaV7.3-2release,with additional capabilitiesandwith'O[improvederror diagnostics.NCOOpenVMSAlphaV7.3andlaterincludeaversionof:O SYS$DQDRIVERwiththe necessary IO$_DIAGNOSEO5support.|{}%0 LO7.2BHowdoIaccessa MicrosoftWindowsfloppydiskfrom(OpenVMS?EOTheHPAdvancedServer (formerlyknownas PATHWORKS)GOforOpenVMSproductincludesan unsupportedandundoc-LO^umentedutilitycalledPCDISK,andthistoolcanreadandDOwritevarious MicrosoftMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindowsGO FAT-format diskettes,andcanusuallyaccess FAT-format:Ohvolumeswrittenbyother operatingsystems.! NLOProGISinGermanysellsaproductcalledVMovewhichsup-KOportsDOSfilesonmany differentdevicetypes.+Formore7O5 information,sendmailtoinfo@progis.de.,@O Engineering SoftwarehasaproductcalledVAKSATHOwhichwillread,write,anderasefilesonMS-DOSFATEO5 diskettes.0 AvailableforbothVAXandAlpha.0Contact5Oed@cityscape.co.ukformore information.! KOMadGoatPCExchange(PCX)isautilityforcopyingfilesEOtoandfromMS-DOSand MicrosoftWindows(FAT)for-IO5mat diskettesunderOpenVMS,usinganRX23(3.5"),RX26TO(3.5"),orRX33(5.25")diskettedrive.'For3.5" diskettes,high-QOdensitydiskscanbereadorwritten;double-densitydisksareHO> read-only.,Only high-densitydisksare supportedontheORX33.V, `m!mhttp://www.madgoat.com/DOTheFreewarepackageWINFXis availableonFreeware=OV6.0,andcanreadtheFATvolume structure.e; `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/u}|~(! DO7.3BHowdoIplaysoundfilesonan AlphaStation?"(DECsounddoesn'twork.MOVariousofthemorerecent AlphaStationsystemsuseadif-NOferentsoundboard (MicrosoftSoundSystem)thantheearlierGO^DEC3000seriessystems,and DECsound,assuppliedbyKO DECwindowsMotif,doesn'tsupportthisboardnorthisin-LOterface.)HPoffersanoptionalproduct, MultimediaServicesOh(MMOV)forOpenVMS:b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.NIOwhichprovidesa replacementforDECsoundforthiscardKOaswellasmanyotherfeatures(anAVIandMPEGplayer,)O5videocapturesupport,etc.)a77OEnsoniqsoundsupportisalso available.~}8 2AO7.4BHowdoIreadIBMEBCDICtapesonOpenVMS?BOUMost(all?)-IBM EBCDIC-basedsystemscanreadandFOwrite ANSI-labeledASCII magtapes.) Fixed-lengthrecordsbackintoZAP,andusetheZAPWcommandtowritetheOupdatedblock.D%O 8.2DCL!DetailsAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.jny8O8.3BHowcanIclearthescreeninDCL?AOUThesimplestwayisthe TYPE/PAGENLA0:'command.zHOYoucansetupasymboltoclearthescreeninyourO LOGIN.COM:'Oa$&CLS%:==% TYPE/PAGE&NLA0:d ?O8.4BUsing REPLY/LOGfromDCL? DisablingConsole(OPCOMs?LOYourterminalmustbeenabledasanoperatorterminalbe-DOforethe REPLY/LOGcommandcanbeused,butaDCLNO^ procedure(batchcommandfile,systemstartup,etc)doesnotPOhavean associated terminal.'Tomakethiswork,usethefol-NOlowingsequencetoenabletheOPA0:)consoleastheoperatorGOh terminal,thenthe REPLY/LOGcommandwillbe accepted:-O$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O5$& REPLY/LOG-O}$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/ENABLE NOTodisablethesystemconsoleterminal(OPA0:)'asanopera-7Otor terminal,usethe followingcommand:-Oa$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&_OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLED d?OAlsoseeSYLOGICALS.COM(andSYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE)LOfor informationon configuringthe behaviourofOPCOM,in-QO5cludingthe (default)useofthesystemconsole(OPA0:)'asanOOoperator terminialandthespecificcontentsand behaviourof9Othesystemoperatorlogfile OPERATOR.LOG.l S @O8.5BHowdoIgeneratearandomnumberinDCL?EOUWith V7.3-2andlater, f$unique canbeusefulhere.HOAlternatively,hereisa pseudo-randomnumber generator,DOjustdoaGOSUBRANDandtheglobalsymbolRANDOMMO^willcontainarandomly generatednumber.'YoucanfeedtheQO generatoraceilingvalue(_ _CEIL)oranewseed(_ _SEED).XO<$!%RAND&-%returns%a&positive&random%number% ("RANDOM")%between&0%and O$!__CEIL&-%1..O$!% sharris-at-sdsdmvax.fb3.noaa.govO$&RAND: O\$*O$&IF&F$TYPE(__SEED)&.EQS.&""O$&THEN:O3$!&seed%the&random%number% generator,%...!O{$__NOW%=& F$CVTIME()/O$__HOUR%=%'F$EXTRACT(11,2,__NOW)'1O $__MINUTE%=&'F$EXTRACT(14,2,__NOW)'1OS$__SECOND%=&'F$EXTRACT(17,2,__NOW)'/O$__TICK%=%'F$EXTRACT(20,2,__NOW)' O$TO+$__SEED%==%__TICK&+%(100%*& __SECOND)%+&(6000&*% __MINUTE)&+%-s(360000&*%__HOUR)WO$!&the% generator%tends%to%do%better&with%a%large,%odd&seed,&...*O$__SEED%==%(__SEED%.OR.&1)OK$!&clean&up,%..."O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__NOW#O$DELETEX/SYMBOL%__HOUR%O# $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__MINUTE%Ok $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__SECOND#O $DELETEX/SYMBOL%__TICKO $&ENDIF OC $GO $&IF&F$TYPE(__CEIL)&.EQS.&""&THEN%__CEIL&=% %X3FFFFFFF O $/O $&__SEED%==%__SEED%*%69069%+&1 Ob $DO $&RANDOM%==%+(__SEED.AND.%X3FFFFFFF)/(%X40000000/__CEIL) O $O: $&RETURNfh<1O8.6BWhatdoestheMCRcommanddo?MOUTheMCRisanartifactofRSX compatibilitymode,theop-DOeratingsystemfromwhichOpenVMSis descended.+MCRIOistheMonitorConsoleRoutine,andthecommandisin-JO^tendedtoactivateRSX compatibilitymode utilities.*WhenDOusedonOpenVMS,thecommandismostcommonlyusedIOtorunthe specifiedimage and-becausethetooldetectsKOhtheimageisnotacompatibility-modeimage-itactsasaMOformofRUNcommandwiththedefaultfile specificationofAOSYS$SYSTEM:.EXE.MCRpassesany (optional)commandLOrline argumentsinafashionsimilartoaforeigncommand.OInotherwords:OO$&MCR%FOO%BARwiMOis equivalentto:t$%FOO%:==&$FOOtP$%FOO%BARNJOMCRisnot documented.)UseofaforeigncommandortheKODCL$PATH mechanismis preferred.(Fordetailsonthis,seeO5Section8.2.*O|?@O8.7BHowdoIchangetheOpenVMSsystemprompt?GOUYoucanusetheSETPROMPTcommandforthispurpose.JOSETPROMPTsetstheDCLprompttothe specifiedstring.! NOOWhenyouwanttodisplayvariable information,youwillneedROto establishatie-inthatprovidesthe informationtotheSET(O5PROMPTcommandas required.} SMOIfyouwishtodisplaythedefault directoryfor instance,LOyouwillhaveto establishatiebetweentheSETDEFAULT>O5commandandtheSETPROMPT commands,asthereMOisnodirectwaytogetthedefault directoryastheDCLOOprompt.(YoucaneasilyacquireorcreateasetofDCLcom-FO>mand proceduresthatperformtheSETDEFAULTandSETCOPROMPTforyou.*TheseDCLcommand proceduresoften$Ouseacommandsuchas:3Ot$&set%!prompt='f$environment("default")' WIOMoreadvanceduserscould implementasystemserviceorROother intercept,andusethesetoolsto interceptthe directoryHO5changeandresettheprompt accordingly.+(ThisapproachEOlikelyinvolvessome kernel-mode programming,andre-IOquireswriteaccesstovarious undocumentedOpenVMSdataO> structures.){MOTherearerelatedtools availablefromvarioussources,in-.Ocludingthe followingwebsites: ! f `m*m ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/setpmt/ `3)ftp://ftp.tmesis.com/sys_service_hook.src `lGlJamesF.Duffhasalsomade availableaMacro32toolGknownas TIME_PROMPT,atoolthatsetsthepromptto%thecurrentsystemtime. `FManyfolkshave contributedDCL procedurestoperformHthistask.*Visitthe newsgrouparchivesfor informationMand examples.DO8.8BCanIdoDECnet task-to-task communicationwith(DCL?.OYes,youcandothiswithDCL.WCOTheOpenVMSDECnet documentationshowsvarioussim-JOpleexamplesusingthetaskobjectandtheTYPEcommandLO5totriggerthe executionofaDCLcommand procedureonaGOremotenode.)AnexampleDCLcommand procedurethatisHOrathermoreadvancedthanusingtheTYPEcommandasaAO>triggerisincludedintheAskTheWizardarea: ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?& GODCLdoesnotincludesupport asynchronousI/O,thusaFO predeterminedprotocolora predetermined "turn-around"HO5commandsequencemustbe implementedinordertoavoidOOprotocoldeadlocks-caseswherebothtasksaretryingtowriteOOorbothtasksaretryingtoread.,ThetaskthatiswritingIO>messagestothenetworkmustwrite(orwriteandread)KOa predeterminedsequenceof messages,oritmustwriteaOOmessagethattellsthereaderthatitcannowstartwritingPOH messages.'(Thisistheessenceofabasic half-duplexnetworkOprotocolscheme.)]{FO8.9BHowcanIgetthewidthsettingofa terminal?5OD$&width&=%f$getdvi(terminal,"DEVBUFSIZ")6! ) >O8.10CWhydoesn'tDCLsymbol substitutionwork?KOUTheDCLsymbol substitution processingoccursonlyattheRODCLprompt,notwithindataandnotwithinfiles.'IfyouwishNOtoperformsymbol substitutioninthis environment,youtyp-OO^icallywriteasmallfile containingthe command(s)anddataMOtobeinvoked-potentiallyonlythedata-andyoutheninvokeGOthecreated procedureor referencethe specifieddata.jMOInthiscase,useofafile containing nolinemodecommandsKOorother techniquesmightbe useful-youwillwanttoen-NO5surethatthetexteditoryouusedoesnotattempttouseNOscreenmodeorsimilar,asthisisnot generally considered6O adventageouswithinacommand procedure.h>>OToolssuchasFTPhave alternatives:' COPY/FTP.fl 5<IODCLsymbol substitutionoccursintwopasses,usingtheNO ampersandandthe apostrophe.'Inmostcases,onlytheapos-LO5tropheis necessary.)Inafew cases-suchastheDCLPIPEHO command-youwillmayneedtousethe ampersandtogetMOthe substitutiontowork.'The followingexampleusesamper-SO>sand substitutiontotransferthecontentsoftheheaderintoaOlogicalname:YO$&PIPE% CC/VERSION%|&(READ&SYS$PIPE&hdr%;&DEFINE/JOB/NOLOG%hdr&&hdr%),! QOAlogicalname(inthejoblogicalnametable;sharedbyallNO processesinthecurrentjob)wasusedasDCLsymbolscan-NO5notbereturnedbackoutfromaDCLPIPEorotherspawnedO subprocess.j/OForrelated materials,pleaseseeSection8.1 vandSection8.11.*F|?*F?F #>O8.11CHowcanI substitutesymbolsinaPIPE?KOUUseDCL ampersand substitution,andnot apostrophesubsti-Otution.YO2$&pipe%show%system%|%search% sys$input&opcom&|%(read% sys$input&pid%;Gzpid=f$element(0,"%",pid)&;% define/system% opcom_pid%&pid)!O$&show%log& opcom_pid8  "OPCOM_PID"%=% "0000020B"&(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE) K=O8.12CUseof RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT,andlogical'(names?GOWithacommandtocreateadetachedprocesssuchas:EO2$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COM WKOIfyouaretryingtousealogicalnameasthe/INPUT,@O/OUTPUTor/ERRORona RUN/DETACHcommand,thenPO5youmust translatethelogicalnamespecificationstophysicalPO referencesbeforepassingthem,orthe definitionsmustresidePOinalogicalnametablethatisvisibletothe newly-createdO>process.BDOAlsonotethatLOGINOUTonlycreatesthe SYS$LOGIN,=OSYS$LOGIN_DEVICE,and SYS$SCRATCHlogicalnamesUO5ifitis processingaloginthatisbasedonthecontentsofaEOSYSUAFrecord-withoutaccesstothe associatedSYSUAFGOrecord,this informationisnot availableto LOGINOUT.JO>(Ifyouwanttoseethese particularlogicalnamescre-KOated,thenpleasespecifythe /AUTHORIZE qualifieronthe!O RUN/DETACHED command.)! KOIfyoudonotspecifyLOGINOUTastheimage,thenthereOOisnoeasywaytogettheselogicalnames.+Also,anylogi-RO5calnamesthatareusedinthetargetimagefile specificationTOmustalsobeinalogicalnametable accessible(bydefault)byIOthe newly-createddetachedprocess.*SharedtablesincludeQO>thegroup(iftheprocessisinthesameUICgroup)andtheQOsystemtable.*(IfthetargetprocessistobeinanotherUICSOgroup,a suitablly privilegeduseror applicationcancreatetheOOH necessarylogicalname(s)directlyintheothergrouplogicalOnametable.)!! LOWhenindoubt,createashortDCLcommandfileasinput,EOanduseaSHOWLOGICALandsimilarcommandstoex-KO5aminethecontext.*(Andusephysicaldeviceand directoryDO referencesonthe RUN/DETACHoftheLOGINOUTimage,KOwhen specifyingthiscommandfileas/INPUT.)Alsoremem-KO>bertocheckbothsecurityauditingandsystem accountingAOwhentroubleshootingproblemswiththe RUN/DETACH.T*OAlsosee}Section8.2.*}F|?=%O 9.2FilesAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.2 f GO9.2BWhydoesSHOWQUOTAgivea differentanswerthan( DIR/SIZE?KODIRECTORY/SIZEdoesn'ttakeintoaccountthesizeoffileLOheaderswhicharechargedtoyourquota.*Also,unlessyouGO^useDIRECTORY/SIZE:ALL,youwillseeonlythe``used''POsizeofthefile,notthe allocatedsizewhichiswhatgetsQOchargedagainstyourquota.'Also,youmayhavefilesinotherOh directories.4O$&DIRECTORY/SIZE=ALL/GRAND% [username...]HO5Grand%total%of%D1% directories,%F1%files,&B1/B2&blocks.6O}$&DIRECTORY/SIZZ=ALL/GRAND%[-]username.DIRCOGrand%total%of%1& directory,%1%file,%B3/B4%blocks.O $&SHOW%QUOTAAOUUser& [username]%has&B5&blocks%used,%B6% availableQOof%B7% authorized&and% permitted% overdraft&of&B8&blocks%on%disk! zWOIftheuserhasnofilesinother directoriesandall file-headersDOareonly1block,thenthe followingshouldapply:a B5=B2+B4+F1+1VPOIfthe diskquotahasdriftedoutofsynchronization,thentheHOsystem-managercanforceaquota rebuild-duetovariousPO5factors,thequotafilecan potentiallydriftfromtheactualMOuseovertime,andaperiodicrebuildcanbe performedat!O appropriate intervals. GOAlsobeawarethattheDIRECTORY/SIZEcommandcanre-JOportlargervaluesthanmight otherwisebeexpectedwhenRO5usedtoevaluatefilesand/or directoriesthatarealiaslinks-JOsuchasthesystemrootsonOpenVMSsystemdisks-astheNOcommandreportsatotalthatis cumulativeoveralloftheIO>filesand directories examined,withoutregardforwhichLOonesmightbealiasentriesandwhicharenot.,(InotherDOwords,aDIRECTORY/SIZEofanentireOpenVMSsystemNOHdiskwillreportadiskuseagevaluelargerthanthe(usu-GOallymore accurate)valuereportedbytheSHOWDEVICEOOcommand.*Thisasaresultofthealiasentrieslinkingeach&ORSYS$SYSDEVICE:[SYSCOMMON]SYS ]*R.DIR directoryfile>Oandthe$SYS$SYSDEVICE:[000000]VMS$COMMON.DIRfileO together.)[* NO9.3BHowdoImakesurethatmydataissafelywrittento(disk?LOIfyour applicationmust absolutely guaranteethatdataisMO available,nomatterwhat,there'sreallyno substituteforGO^RMS Journalingandhost-orcontroller-based shadowing.KOHowever,youcanachieveagooddegreeofdata integrityKObyissuinga SYS$FLUSHRMScallat appropriatetimes(ifQOhyou'reusingRMS,thatis.)(Ifyou'reusinga high-levellan-KOguage'sI/Osystem,checkthat language's documentationtoUOseeifyoucanaccesstheRMScontrolblocksfortheopenfile. punctuation!(Someroutinesofinterestare SYS$FILESCAN,?O SYS$PARSEandLIB$TRIM_FILESPEC.Forfurtherin-GO formation,seetheOpenVMSGuidetoFile Applications.! mNO Performanceoflarger directoryfilesimproves (greatly)withMOOpenVMSV7.2andlater-operationson directoryfilesof128IO5blocksandlargerwererathersloweronearlierOpenVMSTOreleasesduetothesmallersizeofthe directorycacheanddue5Otothe directoryI/O processinglogic.NOForfastest directory deletions,considerareverse deletion-ROdeletefromthelastfileinthe directorytothefirst.-ThisLO5reversalspeedsthedeletion operationbyavoidingunneces-POsary directoryI/O operationsasthefilesaredeleted.*ToolsJOsuchastheFreewareDFUcanbeusedforthispurpose,CO>ascanvarious availablereverse-DELETEDCLcommandO procedures.U+OAlsosee}Section5.44.*}F?_$ wEO9.8BWhatI/OtransfersizelimitsexistinOpenVMS?NOUThemaximumtransfersizeisan attributeofthe particularQOI/Odevice, controlleranddriver combination;thereisnoin-MOherentlimitimposedbyOpenVMS(otherthanthefactthat,RO^today,bytecountsandLBNsare generallylimitedto32bits).% UOOThemaximumsizeofadeviceI/OrequestislimitedbytheDOvalueinUCB$L_MAXBCNT,whichissetbythedeviceSO5driverbasedonvariousfactors.'(AlsocheckthesettingoftheHOMAXBUFsystem parameterforbufferedI/O transfers,and'Ochecktheprocessquotas.)& aPO Currently,SCSIdriverslimitI/O transferstoFE00(16)bytes,KO65024bytes (decimal).,ThereasonsforthistransfersizeOO5 limitationarelargely historical.) Similarly,DSSIdevicesarePOlimitedtothesamevalue,thisforhardware-specificreasons.NO TransferstoHSCandHSJdevice controllersviatheCIareKO>limitedto 1,048,576bytes.*Client MSCP-serveddevicesareNOlimitedto65535bytes-tohelpensurethattheI/Ofragmen-QOtation processinghappensontheclientandnotontheserverOHsystem.d' :LOPartsoftheOpenVMSI/O subsystemare optimizedfordataOO transferslessthan64KB,because (obviously)mostI/Oopera-NO5tionsare(substantially)lessthanthat.'OpenVMScanhandleQOlarger transfers,ifthedriverandthedevicecanhandleit.k(AOAlsosee}Section9.4,!Section9.5.*(}F|?*(!F|?-L) w"DO9.9BCanIuseODBCtoconnecttoOpenVMSdatabase(files?NOYes,youcanusevarious available third-partypackagesthatMOpermitremoteODBCclientstoaccessRMSfilesandvarious3O^ commercial databasesviathenetwork.L*"KOForRMS,consider acquiringoneofthepackages availableGOfrom EasySoft,AttunityConnect (formerlyknownasISGHO5 Navigator),Oracle(DB Integrator), SolutionsIQ,OpenLinkHOSoftware (OpenLink UniversalDataAccess),and Synergex.+ HOTheunixODBCpackage availableathttp://www.unixodbc.orgKOhas variouslybeenfoundtooperateonOpenVMS,aswell.,FOForspecific commercial databases(otherthanRMS,ofNOcourse),contactthedatabasevendordirectlyfor assistance.X-GO9.10CIfmydisksareshownasVIOC Compatible,amI'(usingXFC?.OYes,youareusingXFCcaching.. HODisksthatareusingXFCcachinguse communicationandJO coordination protocolsthatare compatiblewiththeolderIO5VIOCcachingimplementation.'Withtheinitial implementa-HOtionofXFConOpenVMS,youcanusethecommandSHOWCO MEMORY/CACHEtoseenodisksreportedinfullXFCLO>mode;alldisksshownwillbelistedin``VIOC CompatableOMode''.Z/0COIfyouhavetheOpenVMSsystem parameter VCC_FLAGSMOsetto2andareusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1orlater,orFO5areusingOpenVMSAlphaV7.3withthe VMS73_XFCV2.0LOECOkitorlaterorwiththeUPDATEkits,youareusingOXFC.C0 KOAnother confusion:(theXFCproductversionisandremainsQOV1.0inallreleasedconfigurations,pleasedonotconfusetheHO5internalXFCproductversion (displayedbyvariouscom-LOmands)withtheversionnumber associatedwiththevariousNOECOkit(s).)XFCV1.0doesnotpermitvolumestoenterfullNO>XFCcaching,as displayedbythe``VolsinFullXFCmode'' FILE/ATTR,thenedittheexistingfile.+(Mosteditorswill8Opreserve attributesonanexistingfile.)3! \GOWhenworkingwithWindows,streamisusuallythebestPOchoicefor sequentialfile operations.'StreamLFismostcom-FO5monlyusedwithUNIXandC applications.*WindowsandTOUNIXtendnottobeabletodirectlyreadfilesof "unexpected"+O sequentialRMSrecordformats..4EOVFCisacommonOpenVMSformat,encodingtherecordQOlengthintotherecord.+ItisthisextradatathatcancauseEO5corruption-likeproblemswhenviewedwithoutRMS;ei-OOtherdirectlyvia$qioorviathefilesystemAPIonotherKO operatingsystem platforms.,YouwillwanttolookattheNO> low-levelrecordformats,andattheRMSandtheFilesandAO Applications documentationintheOpenVMSmanuals.5! rPOIf transferingthroughother platforms,useofacurrentver-SOsionofZip(withthe"-Vv"or"-V"option)andunzip,oruseNO5ofaBACKUPsavesetwillcontainandmaintaintheRMSfileKOandrecord attributes.((ForBACKUPanditsown attributes6O requirements,seethe restorationtool.)Z8%00O 10.2OpenVMS! Programming! Information9Aq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.UP wlJO10.3CHowdoIgetthe argumentsfromthecommandline?KOUIfyou'rewritingaprogramandwanttoaccept argumentsDOfromaforeigncommand,youcanuseLIB$GET_FOREIGNPOtogetthecommandlineandparseit yourself,orifyou'reCO^ programminginC,usethenormal argc/argvmethod./QCOTowritean applicationwhichusesthenormalDCLKOverb/qualifier/parametersyntaxfor invocation,seethede-HO5 scriptionoftheCLI$routinesintheOpenVMSCallable/OUtilityRoutines ReferenceManual.R WROItispossibletowritean applicationwhichcanbeusedbothQOways;ifaDCLverbisn'tusedtoinvoketheimage,theap-PO5 plicationparsesthecommandlineitself.(OnewaytodothisOOistocall CLI$GET_VALUEforarequired parameter.'IfitisIOnotpresent(oryougetanerror),callLIB$GET_FOREIGNCO>togetthecommandlineanddothemanualparse.TS*OSeealso}Section8.2.*S}F|?T! `DO10.4CHowdoIgeta formattederrormessageina'( variable?JOUsethe SYS$PUTMSGsystemservicewithanactionroutineSOthatstoresthemessageline(s)inthevariableofyourchoice.PO^Besuretheactionroutinereturnsa"false"(lowbitclear)MOfunctionvaluesothat SYS$PUTMSGdoesn'tthentrytodis-QOplaythemessage(unlessyouwantitto.))Seethe descriptionHOhof$PUTMSGintheSystemServices ReferenceManualfor6Oanexampleofusinganactionroutine.~dW :JO10.6CHowdoIdoaSETDEFAULTfrominsideaprogram?JOUTheproblemisthat SYS$SETDDIRonlychangesthedefaultPO directory-NOTthedefaultdisk.)Thedefaultdiskisdeter-LOminedbythelogical SYS$DISK.IfyouwanttochangetheIO^defaultdiskwithinaprogram,thencallLIB$SET_LOGICALNOtochangethelogical SYS$DISK.Youwillneedtocallboth=OLIB$SET_LOGICALand SYS$SETDDIRtochangeboth6Ohdefaultdiskandthedefault directory!xGX IO10.7CHowdoIturnmyFortranCOMMONintoa shareable'(imageonAlpha?5OYou need to add SYMBOL_VECTOR=(=PSECT)toyouroptionsfile.,OnOpenVMSVAXGO^all OVR/REL/GBLpsectswere automaticallyexportedintoFOthe shareableimage'sGlobalSymbolTable.+OnOpenVMSROAlphayouhavetotellthelinkerthatyouwantthisdoneby@OhmeansofthePSECTkeywordinthe SYMBOL_VECTOR#Ooptionsfile statement.Y! rJOThishasseveral advantagesoverOpenVMSVAX.First,youKOdon'thavetoworryabouttheaddressofthepsectwhenOO5youtrytocreateanew,upwardly compatibleversionoftheQO shareableimage.'Second,youcancontrolwhichpsects,ifany,=Oaremadevisibleoutsidethe shareableimage.Z! 5EOBydefault,COMMONPSECTsinHPFortranforOpenVMSGOAlpha(aswellasmostotherOpenVMSAlpha compilers)HO5areNOSHR.OnVAX,thedefaultwasSHRwhichrequiredKOyoutochangethe attributetoNOSHRifyouwantedyourIOCOMMONtobeina shareableimagebutnot write-sharedQO>byall processesonthesystem.'Ifyoudowantwrite-sharing,Ouse:'OCDEC$%PSECT%common-name=SHR[ NPOintheFortransourcecode(theCDEC$mustbebeginincol-JOumn1)oralinkeroptionsfile PSECT_ATTR statementto6O5settheCOMMONPSECT attributetoSHR.i\??OForfurther information,seetheLinkermanual.TB]FO10.8CHowdoIconvertbetweenIEEEandVAXfloating'(data?DOInOpenVMSV6.1andlater,theroutine CVT$CONVERT_AOFLOATis documentedintheLIB$Run-TimeLibraryIO^ ReferenceManual,andcanperformfloatingpointconver-LOsionsbetweenanytwoofthe followingfloating datatypes:IOVAX (F,D,G,H), little-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),EOh big-endianIEEE(single,double,quad),CRAYandIBMO System\370,etc.v^ LHOHPFortran(allOpenVMS platforms)hasafeaturewhichKOwillperform automatic conversionof unformatteddatadur-LO5inginputoroutput.)SeetheHPFortran documentationforJO informationon "non-nativedatainI/O"andtheCONVERT=#OOPEN statementkeyword._uHOTherearefloating-point conversionsourcecodepackages-O availableforvarious platforms.m`CCOForfurtherfloating-pointrelated information,see:vaL `mAm7http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/ieee.zipEb EO10.9CHowdoIgettheargumentcountinaFortran'(routine?DOOnVAX,many programmerswoulduseaMACROroutinePOwhichaccessedtheAPregisterofthecallertogetthead-KO^dressoftheargumentlistandhencetheargumentcount.LOThiswasnot guaranteedtoworkonVAX,butusuallydid.NOHowever,itdoesn'tworkatallonOpenVMSAlpha,asthereMOhisnoAP register.*OnAlphasystems,youmustusealan-NOguage'sbuilt-infunctiontoretrievetheargumentcount,ifMOany.(InFortranthisis IARGCOUNT,whichisalso available-OrinDECFortranonOpenVMSVAX.cJONotethatomitting argumentstoFortranroutinesisnon-MOstandardandis unsupported.)Itwillworkinmanycases-LO5readtheDECFortranreleasenotesfor additionalinforma-Otion.i j)HO10.11CWhatisan executable, shareable,systemorUWSSR(image?KO ExecutablecodeinOpenVMS typicallyresidesinanimage-OOanimageisafile-thefile extensionis typically .EXE-thatHO^containsthiscode.,Commontypesofimagesincludeex-EOecutableimages, shareableimages,systemimages,and$O protected(UWSS)images.k dJO Executableimagesareprogramsthatcanbedirectlyexe-LOcuted.(Theseimagescangrantenhanced privileges,withanIO5INSTALLoftheimagewith /PRIVILEGE,orcangranten-POhancedaccesswiththe specificationofa subsystem identifier5OontheACL associatedwiththeimage.l! asMO Shareableimagescontaincodeexecuted indirectly,theseim-GOagesare referencedfrom executableimagesand/orfromHO5other shareableimages.,Theseimagescannotgranten-FOhanced privileges,evenwiththeuseofINSTALLwithJO /PRIVILEGEora subsystem identifier.(These shareableim-KO>agescanbe dynamically activated(aLINKthatoccursat>O run-time)viatheLIB$FIND_IMAGE_SYMBOLrun-timeOOlibrary(RTL)routine.&(See `protectedimages'for information/OHon `privileged shareable images'.)m NLOSystemimagesareintendedtorundirectlyontheVAXorLOAlphahardware-thesearenormallyusedforthekernelcode1O5that comprisesan operatingsystem.n! GO Protected images-alsoreferedtoas User-WrittenSystemLOServices(UWSS),oras privileged shareable images-aresim-PO5iliarinsomewaystoastandard shareableimages,buttheseLOimagesincludea`changemode'handler,andexecuteinanKO`inner' processormode (privilegedmode; executiveorker-NO>nel),andcode executingininnermodeshasimplicitSETPRVFO privilege.)Mustbe INSTALLedwith /PROTECT.NotethatMO inner-modecodehas restrictionsaroundcallinglibraryrou-JOHtines,aroundcallingvarioussystem services,andaroundNOcallingcodelocatedinother protectedor shareableimages.^o 4LOLoadableimagesanddevicedriversareimagesthatcanbeIOusedtoaddcodeintotheOpenVMSkernel.* Pseudo-deviceMO5driversarea particularly convenientwaytoadd executableJOcode,with associateddriver-defineddata structures,intoKOthekernel.(The pseudo-devicedriverincludestheUCBandPO>DDBdata structures,andacalling interfacewithsupportforQOboth privilegedand unprivilegedaccesstothedrivercodeviaO sys$qio[w]calls.p oIOAcookbookapproachtocreatingOpenVMS shareableimages&Ois availableattheURL:q ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums)r rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*r|?&0s! )AO10.12CHowdoIdoafilecopyfromaprogram?LOUThereareseveraloptions availableforcopyingfilesfromOOwithinaprogram.'Obviouschoicesincludeusing lib$spawn( ),MOsystem( ), sys$sndjbc( )or sys$creprc( )toinvokeaDCLEO^COPYcommand.)Othercommon alternativesincludeusingIOthecallableconvertroutinesandtheBACKUP application5O programming interface(V7.1andlater).kt))O10.13CWhatisa descriptor?SOUA descriptorisadata structurethat describesastringoranJOarray.*Each descriptorcontains informationthat describesQOthetypeofthedatabeing referenced,thesizeofthedata,OO^andtheaddressofthedata.,Italsoincludesa descriptionROofthestorageusedforthedata, typicallystaticordynamic.2O Descriptorsarepassedby reference.u vNOThe followingareexamplesofcreatingandusing descriptorsROinC,withtheuseoftheanglebracketsnormallyexpectedbyOO5theCinclude statements deliberatelyalteredin deferencetoOHTML:#include% {descrip.h}$Z#include%{lib$routines.h}#include% {stsdef.h}int&RetStat;2char%TxtBuf[TXTSIZ].zstruct&dsc$descriptor& StaticDsc%=9/{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_S,&NULL%};+ struct&dsc$descriptor&DynDsc%=9/R{&0,&DSC$K_DTYPE_T,&DSC$K_CLASS_D,&NULL%};!int& DynDscLen%=&255;< $DESCRIPTOR(& ConstDsc,%"This%is%a&string"%);<K/*%finish&setting%up%a%static% descriptor%*/,StaticDsc.dsc$w_length=%TXTSIZ;8StaticDsc.dsc$a_pointer=%(void%*)%TxtBuf;=D/*%finish&setting%up%a%dynamic& descriptor%*/=RetStat%=& lib$sget1_dd(% &DynDscLen,%&DynDsc%);5if%(%!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat%)&)/return%RetStat;0/*%release%the%dynamic%storage&*/1RetStat%=&lib$sfree1_dd(&&DynDsc%);1if%(!$VMS_STATUS_SUCCESS(%RetStat&))/]return%RetStat;v ULOStatic descriptors referencestorageentirelyunderapplica-POtionprogramcontrol,andthecontentsofthe descriptordataMO5 structurecanbemodifiedasrequired(bythe application).OOOpenVMSroutinesdonotmodifythecontentsofastaticde-SO scriptor,nordotheyaltertheaddressorlengthvaluesstoredRO>inthestatic descriptor.*(Theterm"static"referstothede-MOscriptordata structure,andnot necessarilytothestorage+O referencedbythe descriptor.)`w6KODynamic descriptors referencestorageunderthecontrolofJOtherun-timelibrary,andthecontentsofadynamicde-MO5scriptordatastructure-onceinitialized-canonlybemodifiedHOundercontrolofrun-timelibrary routines.+ThedynamicJOstorage referencedbythedynamic descriptoris allocatedIO>and maintainedbytherun-timelibrary routines.+VariousJOOpenVMSroutinesdoalterthecontentsofthe descriptorLOdata structure,changingthevaluefortheamountandtheMOHaddressofthestorage associatedwiththedynamicdescrip-POtor,as required.(Routinescan obviouslyaccessandaltertheFOcontentsofthestorage referencedbythe descriptor.xWFOOpenVMS languagesthatincludesupportforstringsorKOarraysareexpectedtouse descriptorsforthe particularGO5 structure.)MostOpenVMS languages,suchasFortranandIOBASIC,use descriptorsentirelytransparently.,Some,likeHODECC,requirethe programmerto explicitlycreateand$O>maintainthe descriptor.yNGOForfurther informationonstring descriptors,seethe(OOpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts 4manual,partofthe&O5OpenVMS documentationset.z! NOOFortrandefaultstopassingintegersby referenceandcharac-POtersby descriptor.'The followingsitesdiscussmixingFortran;O5andCsourcecodeinthesame application:{ ^ `m;m1http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_ C_CALL.COM `E:E0ftp://ftp.hhs.dk/pub/vms/misc/FORTRAN_C_CALL.COM |)?O10.14CHowdoIcreateaprocessunderanotherR( username?NOManyserver processescanoperatewithinthecontextoftheNOtargetuserusing privileges,usingcallssuchas sys$chkproHO^and(morecommonlyinthiscontext)sys$check_accessasKOneededto determineifaccesswouldbe permittedfortheAO specifieduserwithinthecurrentsecuritymodel.4}  JOWithOpenVMSV6.2andlater,thepersonasystemservicesO (SYS$PERSONA_ *=)canbeusedtoassumethepersonaofthePO5 specified user-theseallowtheservertooperateasthespec-POifieduser,ina controlledfashion.)ThepersonaservicescanNObeusedasa "wrapper"arounda sys$creprcprocesscreationSO>call,as well-thiswillcreateaseperateprocessentirelyunder Otheassumedpersona.r~HKO InformationonthepersonasystemservicesisincludedinIOtheOpenVMSV6.2newfeaturesdocumentation,andintheEO5OpenVMSV7.1andlatersystemservicesdocumentation.JOThesesystemservicesexistandare supportedinOpenVMS%OV6.2andlater releases.dHOTypical mechanismsforcreatingaprocessunderanotherOusernameinclude: `mGmpersonnaservicesarounda sys$creprccall.&Seeabove. `DviaDECnet task-to-task,usingexplicit specificationDEofusernameand password,orusingaDECnetproxy.HThiscreatesa network-modejobunderthetargetuser.BThe network-modejobmightdolittlemorethanaCO RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinvia task-to-task-D task-to-taskcommunicationsarefully availableusingCstrictly DCL-to-DCL processing,orusingacompiled$YlanguageandDCL,etc.) `< SUBMIT/USER,ortheusernameargumentontheJ0 sys$sndjbccall.(Thiscreatesa batch-modejobundertheG specified username.*The batch-modejobmightdolittleFmorethana RUN/DETACHofanimagepassedinviaa: parameter. `DtheUICargumentonthe sys$creprccall.+Thismim-MicstheUICofthetargetuser,andis certainlynotthe/jprefered mechanismforthistask. `"Viapseudo-terminals...xIOTherearelikelyafewother mechanisms around...+ThereJOarevarioustools availablefromDECUSandothersourcesJO5thatallowvariousformsofuserimpersonation,aswell.KOThesetoolswillrequireversion-dependentkernelcodeandPOenhanced privilegesforsomeof(orallof)their operations.! 2HO10.15CWhydo lib$spawn,lib$set_symbolfailindetachedR( processes?HOThe processingwithinrun-timelibrary(RTL)callssuchJOas lib$attach,lib$disable_ctrl,lib$do_command, lib$enable_MO^ctrl,lib$get_symbol,lib$run_program,lib$set_symbol,lib$set_QOlogical,and lib$spawn,is dependentonandrequiresthepres-MOenceofacommandlanguage interpreter(CLI),suchasDCL.LOhWithoutaCLIpresentinthecurrentprocess,thesecallsPOwillfailwitha"NOCLI,noCLIpresenttoperform function"Oerror.sIIODetached processes typicallydonothaveaCLIpresent. gQOInplaceof lib$spawn, sys$creprccanoftenbeused.&Thecon-NOtextoftheparentprocess(symbolsandlogicalnames)willJO5notbe propogatedintothe subprocesswhen sys$creprcisROused,thoughwhenthereisnoCLIpresentintheprocessthis,O(lackof) propogationismoot. fMOTocreateadetachedprocesswithaCLI,youmustspecifyHOLOGINOUTasthetargetimageas discussed elsewhereinRO5theFAQ,oronlyusethesecalls(andanyothercallsrequir-POingaCLI)fromimagesthatarerunninginan"interactive",/O"batch",or"other"modeprocess.3  QOAlsonotethatthe lib$spawnandtheCsystemcallwillfailLOinaCAPTIVElogin environment.(The lib$spawncallcanbeOO5gottentoworkinthis environmentwiththe specificationofOtheTRUSTEDflag. HO10.16CWherecanIobtainBliss,andthe librariesandR( supportingfiles?JOTheBlisslanguage compilersand documentationareavail-:OableontheOpenVMSFreewaredistributions.zOOBlisslanguagesourcecodethatcontainsthe followingstate-Oment:-aLIBRARY%'SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.L32';NQOorsimilarrequiresthepresenceoftheBliss libraries.)TheseRO librariesarecreatedonthetargetsystemusingtheBlissre-QO5quirefiles,andarebuiltusingthe followingBliss commands:iFO STARLET.L32containsthepublic interfacestoOpenVMS:>$%BLISS%'/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L32%-!zPSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQLOLIB.L32containsboththepublicandprivate interfacestoOOpenVMS::a$%BLISS%#/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L32%-5z+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.REQ+SYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.REQ?COThe equivilentfilesforBliss64arecreatedwith:<$%,BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]LIB.L64%-5zP+SYS$LIBRARY:LIB.R64+STARLET.REQ+STARLET.R64@$%0BLISS/A64/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]STARLET.L64%-!zSYS$LIBRARY:STARLET.R64 GOSomeBlisscodemayalsorequiretheOpenVMSVAXar-QO chitectureflags.)The followingisthe equivilentoftheAlpha O5 ARCH_DEFS.REQmodule: O!JO!&This%is%the&OpenVMS%VAX&version%of%ARCH_DEFS.REQ,%andJOI!&contains&the% architectural& definitions&for% conditionallyLO!& compiling%OpenVMS&Bliss&sources%for&use%on%VAX%systems.LO!&(If%you%should& encounter% compilation%errors%here,%pleaseDO!!& seriously%consider% upgrading%your%Bliss% compiler.) Oi! OMACRO%VAXPAGE&=%1%; OMACRO%BIGPAGE&=%0%; OA!OMACRO%VAX%=*!%=%1&if&compiled& BLISS/VAXCz%BLISS(BLISS32V)%;!%=%0&if&not%compiled% BLISS/VAXO:MACRO%EVAX&=A:!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*& (Obsolete,%old&name)Wz(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%ALPHA%=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/E*&(New%arch%name)Wz3(%BLISS(BLISS32E)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64E))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%/InnOMACRO%IA64&=<!%=%1&if&compiled&BLISS/I*&(New%arch%name)[z(%BLISS(BLISS32I)&OR&%BLISS(BLISS64I))%;%!%=&0%if%compiled%/VAX%or%/AnnOMMACRO% ADDRESSBITS%=z %BPADDR%;5!%=%32%or%64%based%on%compiler%used8KOSomeBlisscodemayrequirethe definitionfilesfortheFOOpenVMSolderLIBRTLroutine lib$tparse,orthenewer O5lib$table_parsecall:=$%BLISS%&/LIBRARY=SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]TPAMAC.L32%- zSYS$LIBRARY:TPAMAC.REQy wOAO10.17CHowcanIopenafileforsharedaccess?UOUWhencreatingafile,itisoftenusefultoallowotherapplica-OOtionsandutilities-suchasTYPE-tosharereadaccesstotheWOfile.'Thispermitsyoutoexaminethecontentsofalogfile,forO^ instance.NJOACsourceexamplethat demonstrateshowtodothisisJO availableintopic(2867)intheOpenVMSAskTheWizardO5area: ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&NMO Dependingonthe environment,youmayneedtouseCcallsOOsuchasfsyncandfflush,and-inspecific cases-the setvbuf(_O5IONBF)call. NKOForrelated materialsaroundcommandsthatcan potentiallyQObeusedtooverridefile locking-toviewthefilecontentsas*O5 currentlywrittentodisk-seev5Section9.12.*v?6! <gCO10.18CHowcanIhavecommonsourcesfor messages,R( constants?JOUsetheGNMtoolsontheOpenVMSFreewaretohavecom-IOmonsourcesforMSG (message)filesandSDML (Document)@O^ documentationfiles.,UsetheDOCUMENTcommandtoGOconverttheSDML documentationintothe necessaryfor-HOmats(Text, Postscript,HTML,etc).(Usethe MESSAGE/SDLPOhtool(latentinOpenVMS)tocreateanSDLfilebasedontheLO messages.'ThenusetheSDLtool (availableontheOpenVMSOO Freeware)toconverttheSDLfileintolanguage-specificdef-MOr initions.+(Thereisalsoa converteraroundtoconvertSDLROintoSDML,ifyouwanttogetpicturesofthedata structures$O#foryourdocumentation.)),O10.20CDealingwith Endian-ness??OUOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64(asKOwellasall MicrosoftWindowsimplementations)allsupportLOandallusethe little-endianbyte ordering.+CertainAlphaHO^microprocessorsandcertainIntelItanium processorscanKObe configuredtooperatein big-endianand potentiallyinCO bi-endianmode.&HP-UX typicallyoperates big-endian.! ^NOWith little-endianbyteorder,theleast significantbyteisOOalwaysthefirstbyte;thebyteatthelowestaddress.+WithPO5 big-endianbyte ordering,thebytestorageorderinmemoryisQO dependentonthesizeofthedata(byte,word, longword)that Oisbeing referenced.! WJO Endian-nessisaproblemhasbeensolvedmanytimesbe-MOfore.+Someofthetypical solutionsinclude htonl/htonsandPO5 ntohl/ntohsinthestandardClibraryandtheTCP/IPServicesIOXDR (eXternalDataRepresentation) libraries.*OneoftheKOmorerecently introducednetworkformats,andonethatisGO>seeing extensivepressand marketing coverage,isXML.N! );O10.21CHowtoresolveLINK-I-DATMISCHerrors?EOUThemessageLINK-I-DATMISCHisinformational,andin-ROdicatesthattheversionofthe specified shareableimagefoundMOinthesystem shareableimage directorydoesnotmatchtheKO^versionofthe shareableimagethatwas originallyloadedJOinto IMAGELIB.OLB,oneoftheOpenVMS libraries typically$OsearchedbytheLINKER. zGOFroma privileged username,youcanusually completely:Orepairthisviathe followingDCLcommand:NOa$&LIB/REPLACE/SHARE&SYS$LIBRARY:IMAGELIB.OLB%SYS$SHARE:LIBRTL.EXE9 COThiscommandassumesthatthe shareableimagethatHOwasfoundinthe SYS$SHARE:areaisvalidandupward-OO5 compatiable,andthattheimagehassimplyreplacedanolder5Oversionwithoutalsoupdating IMAGELIB.! 2BO10.23CStatusof ProgrammingToolsonOpenVMSVAX?GOU DECthreadsV7.3andtheHPCcompiler(alsoknownasNOCompaqCandDECC)V6.4are presentlyexpectedtobethePOlastupdatesandthelastreleasesofthese developmentpack-HO^agesforuseonOpenVMSVAX.Therun-timesupportforEOboth DECthreads (CMA$RTL)andforC (DECC$CRTL)willSOcontinuetobe maintained,andwillcontinuetobe availableonIOhOpenVMSVAX.TheVAXCV3.2compileristhefinalVAXJOCcompilerreleaseforOpenVMSVAX,andtheVAXCRun-LOTimeLibrary (VAXCRTL)willalsocontinuetobe available.NFONew developmentandnewfeaturesandproductenhance-FOmentscontinuefortheOpenVMSAlphaandtheOpenVMS/O5IA-64 DECthreadsandC compilers.  wrFO10.24CChoosingaVersionNumberfor ApplicationCode?LOUOneofthecommonrules-of-thumbusedforchoosingadis-OOplayedversionnumberstringforanewversionofalayeredOOproductoran application,its implications,anditsexpectedBO^effectsonclient applicationsandusers,follows:   `mFmNo functionalandnoapplication-visiblechanges,bug-Jfixesonly-theeditnumberis incremented.'ThesetendtoKbeverysmall,very isolated,or ECO-levelchanges.'TheseIwcanalsobe distributionsforspecifichardwareconfigu-Grationsor platforms,asisthecasewithanOpenVMSC(LimitedHardwareRelease(LHR). ApplicationrebuildsLarenot expected,andthereisan assumptionthatgeneralG user-providedapplication-related regressiontestingwill2notbe required. `EMinimal functionalandveryfew user-visiblechanges-A the maintenancenumberis incremented.,ThesetendDbtobeverysmalloreven ECO-levelchanges,thoughFsomewhatlargerthanan edit-levelchange.) ApplicationMrebuildsarenot expected,andthereisan assumptionthatGl user-providedapplication-related regressiontestingwillnotbe required. `D<DVarioussmallandupward-compatible functional? changes-theminorversionnumberis incremented.FThechangesare user-visible,andareintendedtobeIM user-visible.( Applicationrebuildsarenot expected.(SomeE application programmersmaychoosetoperformregres-siontests. `~F~Largeand/or potentially incompatible changes-themajorFversionnumberis incremented.'Some applicationsmightI/ needtoberebuilt.(Various application programmerswillG choosetoperform regressiontestsoftheir respective  applications.WIOFor additionalversion-numbering materialsandforinfor-EOmationon assigningmodule generationnumbers,pleasetheOpenVMS documentationset.h >QOOfcourse,allofthisis obviouslysubjecttointerpretation,LO particularlyaroundthe distinctionbetweenlargeandsmallRO5changesandsuch.(Thescaleofthe applicationisalsoafac-POtor,aslargerandmorecomplex applicationswilltendtowardIOsmaller incrementsandwilltendtoseethe maintenanceFO>number incremented,whilenewreleasesofsmallerap-KO plicationswilltendtoseetheminorversion incremented%Osomewhatmore frequently.NVOThegoalofallthisistoprovideaguidetorelativescaleofOOchangesandthe associatedeffortinvolvedinanupgradefor?O5theuserand/orforthe application programmer.sI8O10.25C SelectingaProcessDump Directory?JOUYoucan customizethedeviceand directoryforthepro-DOcessdumpbydefiningthelogicalnames SYS$PROCDMP;OandSYS$PROTECTED_PROCDMP.TheformerisforNO^non-privilegeddumps,whilethelatteristhelocationwhereLO privilegedimagedumpsarewritten,and preferablyanarea?O protectedagainst untrustedaccess.'Forexample:/O$&define% SYS$PROCDMP% SYS$ERRORLOG:@O$&define%/exec%SYS$PROTECTED_PROCDMP% SYS$ERRORLOG:pAOTheabouvepresumesthatthe SYS$ERRORLOGlogical/Onamepointstoavalid location. }OOThereis presentlynomeanstochangethenameofthegen-@Oerateddumpfilefrom IMAGENAME.DMPto somethingRO5else.' Accordingly,youwillwanttouse differenttargetdirec-SOtoriesforthispurpose, particularlyifthereismorethanoneIO applicationorprocess potentiallywritingprocessdumps.! )0O10.26CAccesstoItanium Assembler?NOUIfyouare interestedin accessingthenativeIntelItaniumDO assemblerwithintheOpenVMSI64GNVenvironment-andNOsincetheiasi64 assemblerisaUnixprogramandGNVisaEO^Unix environmentforOpenVMSI64-youcansimplycopyXO iasi64.extintoyour gnu:[bin] directoryinplaceof``as.'',andofO ``AS.EXE''.NQO Alternatelyandprobablyalsobetter,youcanwritean``as.''KOscripttoinvokethe iasi64.exeimagefromits particular5O5preferedlocationonthelocalsystem.!f9OAtypical``as.'''scriptlookslikethis:-Opath/iasi64.exe%$1%$2%$3%$4%$5 Rw(3O10.27C Kernel-modecoding restrictions?IOUFloatingpointis prohibitedinOpenVMSAlpha inner-modeKO (privileged)code,andwithinanyprocessorotherexecu-MOtioncontextthatdoesnothavefloatingpointenabledandO^ available.= EO Programmers developingandworkingwithOpenVMSAlphaHOhigh-IPL kernel-modecode,suchasdevicedrivers,willHO5furtherwanttobecomefamiliarwiththefloating-pointJO processingandthe instructionset emulation availableinGOthe particulartarget environment(ifany).+Whenwork-HO>ingwithC, inner-mode programmerswillwanttobecomeDOfamiliarwiththeCcompiler qualifier /INSTRUCTION_!OSET=[NO]FLOATING_POINT.! NNODevicedriversandothersimilar kernel-modeCcodemustbe9Ocompiledwith/INSTRUCTION_SET=FLOATING_POINT+O5and/EXTERN_MODEL=STRICT_REFDEF. WEO Additionally,! inner-modecodecannotcallout totheIO user-modelanguagerun-time librariesnortoanyoftheLO5OpenVMSsystemrun-time libraries.'In particular,thispro-EOhibitionpreventspagesofinner-mode-protectedmemoryKOfrombeing allocatedand interspersedwithinthe user-mode=O>heaporothersuch user-modedata structures. LOThe prohibtiononuser librariesalso generallymeansthatJOsuchcodemustbelinkedwithLINK /NOSYSLIB,andquiteJO5probablyalsowith/SYSEXE.TheformercausesthelinkerNOtoavoid searchingthesystem shareableimage libraries(viaLOIMAGELIB.OLB),whilethelatterbringsinsymbols typicallyHO>onlyknowntoor otherwise accessablefromtheOpenVMSO executuve.l eBHOToinclude kernel-modeC programming definitions,macrosEOandsystem constantswithinaC compilation,include?O5!SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C.TLB/LIBRARYontheCcompi-LOlation.) (ConstructsdefinedwithinthesystemmacrolibraryJOLIB.MLBorwithinitsC equivalent SYS$LIB_C.TLBtendtoLO>beversion-dependent,or undocumented,orboth.)(Asanex-QOampleofthe compilation,the followingisatypicalCdevice'Odriver compilationcommand:WOt$pCC%C/STANDARD=RELAXED_ANSI89/INSTRUCTION=NOFLOATING_POINT/EXTERN=STRICT%-Lz'DEBUG_CC_DQ_OPT'& 'ARCH_CC_OPT'%'CHECK_CC_OPT'% 'SHOW_CC_OPT'%->z1/LIS=LIS$:xxDRIVER/MACHINE_CODE/OBJ=OBJ$:xxDRIVER%-;zL1SRC$:xxDRIVER.C+SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C.TLB/LIBRARYNLO Additionally,coderunningin executivemodeinanASTorMOinkernelmodecannotcallRMS services,orroutineswhich.O5directlyor indirectlycallRMS. NHOForrelated kernel-mode programming materialsanddriver*Odocumentation,pleaseseethe)WritingOpenVMSAlphaDeviceO5 DriversinC%5book,ISBN1-55558-133-1. woBO10.28CDecodinganAccess Violation(ACCVIO)Error?MOUTodecodethevirtual addressesreturnedbyanaccessvio-LOlationorbyanothersimilarOpenVMSdisplay,youneedtoOOhavecreatedandretainedalistingsfile-preferablyonewithEO^machinecode generation enabled-andafulllinkmap.L"OOStartingwiththevirtualaddressreportedbytheerror,useMOthelinkmaptofindthemodulethat contributedthecodeMO5thatcontainsthevirtualaddressrange.* Calculatetheoff-TOsetfromthebaseoftherange,by subtractingthebaseoftheLOrangefromtehfailingvirtualaddress.)Thenusethecom-MO>pilerlistingsforthe particular componentthat contributedLOthecodetolocatetheoffsetofthefailing instruction. YIOIfthemapandlistings informationwasnot maintained,NOworking backwardsisfarmore difficult-youarelefttouseOO5thebinary instructiondataaroundthefailuretolocatetheQO associatedsourcecode,andthisprocessisfarmore involved.NOThisusuallyinvolvesmatchingupblocksofdecodedinstruc-PO>tionsaroundthefailingcode,orthedirectanalog involvingKOmatchinguprangesofdecoded instructions.)Keepthemaps9Oandlistingfilesaround,inotherwords. iIORathereasierthananapproachbasedonvirtualaddressKO arithmeticandfareasierthanworking backwardsfromtheNO5 instructionstreamistouse integrateddebugging-thisinclu-LOsionisarguablyan essential componentofany non-trivial;Oapplication-andtousetheOpenVMS Debugger.z kPHOTheOpenVMSDebuggerin particularcanbeusedtoex-MOaminethesourcecode,toexaminethestack,andcanevenOO5be programmedtowait patientlyforthe incidenceofapar-QOticularvalueorfailureor condition,andthisisfareasierJOthanworking backwardsfromthe instructionstreamistoKO>use integrateddebugging-this inclusionisarguablyanes-LOsential componentofany non-trivialapplication-andtouseJOtheOpenVMS Debugger.(Thedebuggercanalsobe activatedFOHfromwithinasignalhandler,andcommandstogener-LOatea tracebackcanbe generated directly,orthroughtheKO invocationofa procedure containingaseriesofdebuggerOR commands. NEODetailsonthedebuggerareintheOpenVMSDebuggerOOManual,andalsoseethe discussionof dyanmically activatingO5theDebuggerin5Section10.19.*?Q 3O10.29C Generatingan AUTODIN-IICRC32?IOUThe followingcodecanbeusedtogenerateanAUTODIN-EOII32-bitCyclic RedundencyCheck(CRC32)valuefromQOaninputstring descriptor,similartothatusedbytheHPCCO^compilerforits/NAMES=SHORTENED mechanism,andby&SYS_LOAD&ADD%TR$DEBUG%TR$DEBUG/LOAD_STEP=INIT/LOGOSYSMAN>&Exit.O$&!@SYS$UPDATE:VMS$SYSTEM_IMAGES.COM6OTostopitfromloadingearlyinboot#O<$KRUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSMAN;OSYSMAN>&SYS_LOAD&REMOVE%TR$DEBUG% TR$DEBUG/LOGOSYSMAN>&Exit.O$&!@SYS$UPDATE:VMS$SYSTEM_IMAGES.COM@OThefirst occuranceofthenameTR$DEBUGwithinHOthecommandis consideredthe ``product''andthesec-JO5ondis consideredthe ``image''thatshouldexistwithinOSYS$LOADABLE_IMAGES.nKOWhenTR$DEBUGloadsintheinitphase,itwill automati-#Ocallyturnontracing.W--OAlsoseetheSDATR extension. r5OTable11-1:7XWindowsDisplayCommands O OFShellFCommand Ob  Ocsh,$#setenvDISPLAYvms.domain:0.0Oshandksh:#$DISPLAY=vms.domain:0.0;exportDISPLAY ODCL3 $SETDISPLAY/CREATE/NODE=vms.domain-6X,/TRANSPORT=TCPIP/SERVER=server/SCREEN=screen O C%O 11.2 DECwindowsAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.^4GO11.3CHowcanIgetthe informationfromSHOWDISPLAY'(intoasymbol?usingtheDCLsymboldecw$start_new_desktopinthe@O DECwindowsprivate applicationsetupcommandpro-6Ocedure.-SeeSYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_FOHSETUP.TEMPLATEforfurtherdetails,andhowtocreate&ODECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COM.WGONotethatwith DECwindowsCDE,therootwindowisnoNOlongervisiblebydefault.)TherootwindowishiddenbehindJO5the ``backdrop''windowofthecurrentCDE workspace.)ToJOmaketherootwindowvisible,usetheCDEstylemanagerOO selection ``backdropnone'',anduse informationsuchasthatintheOpenVMSFAQtosettherootwindow. kGOToaddanewbackdroptothe DECwindowsCDEenviron-QOment,thebackdropmustfirstbeinorbe convertedintoX11OO5pixmapformat.((This conversionisoftenpossibleusingtoolsOOsuchasxv.))Then(if necessary)createthedefaultbackdrop>O directory)SYS$COMMON:[CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.BACKDROPS].NO>PlacetheX11pixmapfile containingthedesiredimageintoPOthe backdrops directory,ensurethatithasafilenameexten-OOsionof.PM.(Thexvdefaultfilename extensionfortheX11ROHpixmapfileis.XPM,whileCDEexpectsonlytoseefileswithKO.PM.)NowinvoketheCDEstylemanagerandselectanewQO backdrop.(Youwillfindyourimagewillbeplacedattheend2ORofthelistof backdrops available. NPOIfyourequireamessagebeincludedontheinitialdisplay-OOwherethestartsessiondisplayandthelogo appears-youcan6O5useeitherofthe following approaches:wZ M `m<mThesimplestapproachrequiresOpenVMSV7.3-2@orlater,andthe corresponding DECwindowsV1.3-I1kitorlater..Youwillwanttocreateafilenamed1w"SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$GREET.TXT,andGthiswillbe displayedina popup-withanOKbutton-M(whentheloginboxis displayed.)Thisisintendedspecifi-@callyfor applications requiringsuchadisplay. `MThesecondapproachinvolvescopyingthefileXRESOURCES.DATYfromA7SYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.SYSTEM.CONFIG.C]OAintothe directory?5SYS$SYSDEVICE:[VMS$COMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.CONFIG.C]MO)andeditingthecopy.' Specifically,lookforthe following:'Dtlogin*greeting.labelString:NDWThelineisnormally commentedout,andbydefault containsthestring:"5Welcome&to& %localhost%! MWYoucanchangethistextto somethingakintothefollow-ing:?O5Dtlogin*greeting.labelString:JWelcome%to%Heck&\n\XO}This&is&a%Trusted%System%owned%by%the&Rulers%of%the%planet&Zark\n\ O\n\ O We%Come&In&Peace\n\ OT\nIOIf%you%want%Privacy,%you've%come%to%the%wrong%place\n\ O\ngp==WThelinesoftextwillbecenteredforyou.A zKWInmost DECwindows versions,youwillbeabletoonbtainMonlyabouteight(8)linesoftext.(Changeshavebeenim-G plementedin DECwindowsV1.3andlaterthatpermitup8atoabout twenty-five(25)linesoftext. QOTheloginlogoisstoredasanXPMbitmapimageinthetextZOfileJSYS$SYSROOT:[SYSCOMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.SYSTEM.APPCONFIG.ICONS.C]DECDTLOGO.PM,O5anditcanbechanged.'CopythefiletoHSYS$SYSROOT:[SYSCOMMON.CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.APPCONFIG.ICONS.C]DECDTLOGO.PM,JOas DECwindowsupgradescanreplacethesystemversionofOthisfile.X .HOOn DECwindowsV1.3-1andlater(andpossiblyonV1.3),FOboth DECwindowsCDEand DECwindowsMotifdisplaysuseMO5thislogofile.)Onolder releases,onlythe DECwindowsCDETOdisplaysusedthislogofile,whilethelogousedfortheMotifMOlogindisplaywas hard-codedintothepackageandtheonly?O> availableoverrideistheDECW$LOGINLOGOcommandGO procedure mechanismwithinthe customized, site-specific,ODECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COMfile.GOLookatthecontentsofthe DECDTLOGO.PMfileandatOother $*Ofoundinthe DECwindows DECW$KEYMAP: directory.wM3OForother keymapping information,seeSection11.7.2.*F??! KO11.7.2CWhydoestheDELETEkeydeleteforwardinsteadofg( backward?'OSome operatingsystemsuse TL TNTeCtrl/H NT T ;as L NTDelete NT ;asthecharac-IOter back-deletekey.)MostOpenVMS applications, VT-seriesLO= terminals(checktheterminal settings,manycanhavethisJO configuredwithintheterminalset-upmenus),andDECtermO terminalsalluse  TDelete T 4asthe character back-delete,anduse O O T`ECtrl/H  T O]H6Gasarequesttomovetothe beginningofthecommandOline.1OThe IntegrityEFIconsoledoesuse JC JET[Ctrl/H ET J 3as C ETDelete }ET ;asthe&O character back-deletekey.m:OAlsoseetheSETTERMINAL/BACKSPACEcommand3O availableonOpenVMSV8.2andlater.Y! /NOThis behaviourinvolvestheMotifvirtualkey bindings.'WhenQOaMotif applicationstarts,itlooksatthevendorstringre-NO5turnedinthedisplay connection informationandattemptstoBOmatchthestringtoatableofvirtual bindings.h  >ROYoucanoverridethedefaultbindingsinyourdecw$xdefaults.datNOfile.,HereistheentryyouwouldmaketogetthedefaultO5OpenVMS bindings.#O*defaultVirtualBindings:\t  osfCancel&: j jM v F11 M j  \n\t`osfLeft%: & )M/^ Left )M v `\n\tosfUpK: ~Z M  Up RM Z y\n\tosfRight%: E EMX  Right #M E% J\n\tfosfDown%: , /M/d Down /M | f\n\t osfEndLine%:Alt  M Right M  \n\t osfBeginLine&:Alt J JMY Left M J+ #\n\tl osfPageUp&: j2 j5M}j Prior H5M j pl\n\t osfPageDown%:  M Next fM  \n\t osfDelete&:Shift %  %M; Delete 0M %0  W\n\trosfUndo%:Alt 8  :Mo Delete :M   r\n\t osfBackSpace&:   M Delete M   \n\t  osfAddMode%:Shift JZ JM R F8 M J6Z  \n\txosfHelp%: > @M/u Help @M  x\n\tosfMenu%: Z M ' F4 wM Z \n\t& osfMenuBar%:  M $ F10 M < ;&\n\t} osfSelect&: jD  jFM{ Select uFM j  }\n\t osfActivate%: f M KP_Enter M f A\n\t,osfCopy%:Shift : M* DRemove M B: 9,\n\tosfCutK: J: LM: DRemove WLM : \n\tosfPaste%: E  EM[ Insert PM E !iuOTomerge:,O$&xrdb%:==&$decw$utils:xrdb.exe5OP$&xrdb%-nocpp&-merge%decw$xdefaults.dat"N8OAlsonotethattheDECW$UTILS:DECW$DEFINE_GO UTILS.COM procedurecanbeusedto establishthexrdbO5andothersymbols.# OOAlsoseetheDECxterm directoryofFreewareV5.0fordetailsFOon connectingtoOpenVMSfromvariousUNIX platforms.w$M3OForother keymapping information,seeSection11.7.1.*$F? %%CO11.8CWhydoesn'tXtAppAddInput( )workonOpenVMS?EOUYes,XtAppAddInput( )doesworkonOpenVMS.TheMITLO definitionoftheXWindowscallXtAppAddInput( )includes'Oplatform-specific arguments. & NMOOn platformswhereCisthe typicallytheprimaryprogram-NOminglanguageforthe platform,thefile descriptormaskisDO5oneofthe argumentstotheXtAppAddInput( )call.' aIOOnOpenVMS,theplatform-specific argumentstothiscallOOincludeaneventflagandanIOSB,asthesearethetradi-JO5tionalOpenVMS constructsusedto synchronizethecomple-OOtionof asynchronous operations.)WhileitwouldbeeasiertoJOport non-OpenVMSCcodethatcallsXtAppAddInput( )overKO>toOpenVMSifthe argumentsincludedtheCfiledescrip-LOtor,thiswouldmakethecallunusablefromotherOpenVMSIO languages,andwouldmakeit extremely difficulttouseAOHOpenVMSfeaturessuchasASTsandsys$qiocalls.q(! GQOOne restrictionontheeventflag:(theeventflagchosenmustNObefromeventflagclusterzero.)Whenusingthe traditionalSO5 lib$get_efand lib$free_efcallstoallocateand deallocateeventUOflags,youmustfirst explicitlycall lib$free_eftofreeupsomePOeventflagsineventflagclusterzero.+PleaseseetheeventQO>flag documentationforspecificdetailsonthesecallsandforPOspecificeventflagsthatcanbefreedineventflagclusterOzero.,) QOHereissomeexamplecodethatcoverscallingthisroutineonOOpenVMS:'a m->InputID%=&XtAppAddInput(z m->AppCtx,z m->InputEF,z9 m->InputIosb,z the_callback,%1%);(if%(%!((int)& m->InputID%)) z{zYXtAppErrorMsg( m->AppCtx,"invalidDevice",0"XtAppAddInput",x"XtToolkitError",""Can't%Access&Device",(String&*)&NULL,!P (Cardinal%*)%NULL%); z...*! >O11.9CWhydothekeyboardarrowkeysmovethe'( DECwindowscursor?MOCongratulations,youhavejuststumbledinto``deadrodent''COmode.)This DECwindowsenvironment-wherethekeyboardKO^arrowkeysmovethemousecursorandwherethe [SELECT],JO[PREV],and[NEXT]keysemulatethethreemousebuttons-GOallows rudimentarysystem operationswhenthemouseis!Ohamongthe casualties.+ NOToenterorexit``deadrodent''mode,enterthe following: O: OT CTRL/SHIFT/F3 T O: J1  ?O11.11C%DECW-W-NODEVICE,NographicsdevicefoundR(onthissystem?-OToresolvethe followingerror:JO2%DECW-W-NODEVICE,%No%graphics%device%found%on%this%systemOOz-DECW-I-NODECW,% DECwindows%graphics%drivers&will%not&be&loadedn2$D `m=mEnsurethatthesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMWissetto1.)Ifitisnotsettoavalueof1,issuethecom-mands:#$&run%sys$system:sysgenUSE%CURRENT3SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%1{WRITE%ACTIVEWRITE%CURRENT EXIT3 /$WThenrebootthesystem. `>OnOpenVMSAlpha,ensuretheSYSMANIOPREFIXJ/LISTisset correctly,and specificallyensuretheDECW$Uprefixisincludedintheexistinglist.)Ifitisnot,youwillneedtoaddit:#Oe$&run%sys$system:sysmanOIO%SHOW&PREFIXQOIO%SET%PREFIX=(DECW$,*)p*%=%list&returned&by&the%show&commandO=IO%AUTO/LOGOEXIT `;EnsurethattheimageSYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM.EXEU]is installedinmemory.'Ifitisnot installed,theninstallit:4O$&INSTALL% LIST/FULL&SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM2O)$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM+Oq$&EDIT%SYS$MANAGER:SYCONFIG.COM;O$!%The% following&line%was&added&to&install7O>$!%support&for%the%Mach64&Graphics&Card O$!2O$&INSTALL%REPLACE%SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBMO$&^ZN4p$$WThenrebootthesystem.*5GWTheICBM mechanismisnotusedonandnotneededby-morerecent DECwindows versions. `/@/Ifthesystemstill complains``%DECW-W-NODEVICE,ANographicsdevicefoundonthis system'',then:L6 7" h'YhBootthesystemasnormal YLoginasSYSTEM. f:YfCreatethefileSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$USER_:YAUTOCONFIG.DAT. ProtectionmustpermitworldYreadaccess. BYAddthe followingstringontheveryfirstline:#O CLEAR_PFLAG%=& ISA_4BYTE YSavethefile %YSetthefile protectionsGO$&SET%PROTECTION=W:RE%$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$USER_AUTOCONFIG.DAT YRebootthesystemU7+OAlsosee}Section11.5.*7}F?  8@O11.12CHowcanIresetthewarningbellvolume?;OUWith! DECwindows CDE drivers!and ECOs start-AOingwithECOsforthe DECwindowskeyboarddriversetting (keyclickisnot availableinaPC-style keyboard)andMOthebellvolumesettingtocontrolthepitchand duration.== KO DECwindowsCDEdoesprovideslidersforsettingpitchandGO duration,sothekeyboarddriverandXWindowsServerKO5weremodifiedtoprovideallofthe information,andnowEOthe DECwindowsCDEsliderswork.,Thischangeisun-JO fortunately incompatiblewiththeoldschemeusedontheJO>pre-CDE desktops,andthevolumecontrolsarenowincom-NOpatiblewiththecurrentkeyboarddrivers.)HencetheuseofOxset.>DO11.13CHowcanIalterthe DECwindowsCDE backdrop?POUToselectaseparatebackdroptobe displayedoneachscreen!Ousing DECwindowsCDE:?! 5 `mFmClickonthe ApplicationManager.+Thisisthedrawer&iconontheCDEtoolbar. `E#EClickonDesktopTools `MClickonSetDefaultScreenandselecttherequiredscreen `DIDClickontheStyleManager.*Thisistheone containing5themouseandtttontheCDEtoolbar `'Nowchangethe background.Q7@!  HO11.14CHowcanIenablethe DECwindowsTCP/IP TransportAOUTo configuretheTCP/IP transportfor DECwindows,KOfirstensurethataTCP/IPpackageis installedandcon-=Ofigured.0ThensettheDCLsymbol DECW$SERVER_3O^ TRANSPORTSinSYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_FOSERVER_SETUP.COMtothe appropriatelocalvalue,basedQOonthecommentsinthatfile.+Ifyoudonothaveacopyof4Oh*SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,POtheusethe followingCOPYcommandtocreatethisfilebased,Oontheprovidedtemplatefile:DO$&COPY%.SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.TEMPLATE%->O$_%0SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMA.O11.15CCanIuse DECwindows1.2- e*onOpenVMSV7.3-2R(orlater?%OTheshortanswerisno.*B! COOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2onlysupports DECwindowsMotifOOV1.3andlater.'Ifyourequire DECwindowsV1.2-6orearlier,MO5thenyouarelimitedto operationsonOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1!Oandearlier releases.CIOThecentral technicalreasoninvolves depdendenciesamongNOthepartsoftheX11 subsystemthatare deliveredwiththeFO5baseOpenVMS operatingsystem includingtheXWindowsLOdisplayserverandthe transportimages,andthepartsofEOthe DECwindowsproductthatare deliveredwithintheKO> DECwindows installationkits includingtheclient libraries-Oandthe DECwindows applications.<D KO DECwindowsV1.3andlatermade substantialchangestotheMO transportlayer,andtheserequired correspondingchangestoKO5boththe associatedclientandservercode.)OpenVMSAlphaNOV7.3-2includestheserverand transportwiththeV1.3mod-NO ifications.)ThesechangeswereinsupportoftheupgradeofHO>XlibfromX11R5toX11R6.6,andtransport-levelchangesKO associatedwithsupportoftheKerberosandLBX features.KE!JOIfyouattempttoload DECwindowsV1.2-6imagesontoanEOOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-2orlatersystem,the DECwindowsOO5 librarieswillnotfunctionwithwithsystemimagesandwillCO particularlynotfunctionwiththe transportlayer.(YF! w/7O11.16CHowtoaddFontsinto DECwindows?COUThe followingassumes DECwindowsV1.3-1andOpenVMSOOAlphaV7.3-2andlaterunlessstated otherwise,andcanper-POmitfontsofvariousformatstobeaddedintothe DECwindowsO^ environment.{G sQQOThe recommendedlocationforuserfontfilesistoplacethemPOinthe directorieswhicharereservedforthispurpose,typi-?O5callylocatedbelowtheSYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW]O directory./O%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_100DPI].OZ$SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_75DPI]HzKOTheaboveare recommendedforPCFfilesof100DotsPerCOInch(DPI)andof75DPI resolution, respectively./Oa%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_COMMON]8IHOTheaboveis recommendedforotherPCFfiles,suchasMOterminal (charactercell)fonts,andfontsusedbyspecificO5 applications.1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_CURSOR16]1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_CURSOR32]J!d5OTheaboveare recommendedforcursors./O%SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_SPEEDO]K!d3OSPEEDOis recommendedforSPDfiles.1O'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_TRUETYPE]LN>O USER_TRUETYPEis recommendedforTrueType(TTF)IOfonts.1Fontsplacedinthis directoryshouldbeinthe(O5 ``Windows/Linux''format.MWyKOThe directorywillcontainthefontfiles themselves,andIOadatafile that describeseachfontinthe directory. TRUETYPE,TYPE1,etc.)NTOMakesurethatthefile protectiononthefontfilesissetto/Oallowworldaccesstothefonts.ONIOForexample:)toaddTrueTypefontsto DECwindows,place>OthefontfilesinSYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_O5 TRUETYPE]UP, }+9OA directorylistingmightlooklikethis:TrueTypefontswillnormallybeattheendofthislist.(SelectSOthedesiredfontfamily,thenselecttheSize(dpi)(whichwillPOalwaysbe0(0)forTrueTypefonts),andthevariousfontop-OOHtions(Weight,Slant,Width,etc.))shouldappearinthenextNOwindow.+YoushouldthenbeabletoselectthedesiredfontOandclick s T OK #T s Aor  TApply yT touseit,or H HT]Cancel ET HdtoexitwithoutORchangingthefont.\ _OOIfyoudon'tseeallofthefontsyouadded,checktoseeDOthatthenumberatthe beginningofthe DECW$FONT_O5 DIRECTORY 4@*BZ5.DATfileiscorrect,thatthefilesaresettoPOworld(or appropriate)access,andthatTrueTypefontsareinO Stream_LFformat.]LOSome applicationsrequireenteringafullfontname,which:Owilllooklikethefont descriptionentry.9^OOPleasekeepinmindthatnotall applicationscanuseeveryHOfontwhichmaybe availableonyoursystem.,Forexam-QO5ple,DECtermisdesignedtousefamiliesoffonts specificallyOOdesignedfor charactercell applications.)Otherfonts(specif-JOically TrueType)maywork erratically,andmayresultinPO>anunusabledisplay.)Itisbesttouseonly monospacedfonts>O specificallyintendedforDECtermwithDECterm.?_ 6OThe'SYS$COMMON:[SYSFONT.DECW.USER_TRUETYPE]BOdoesn'texistonOpenVMSVAXV7.3with DECwindowsNO5V1.2-6,butthe procedureabovedoesappeartoworkiftheOO directoryiscreatedandthe instructionsaboveare followed.S`%))O 12.2 Miscellaneous! InformationaAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.b JO12.1CWherecanIfind informationonescapeandcontrol'( sequences?NO Informationonescapeandcontrol sequencescanbefoundin Othe1OpenVMSI/OUser's ReferenceManual,inthechapterOO^ontheterminaldriver.)ThechapteralsoincludesdetailsonCOthegeneralformatandcontentofthese sequences.c zPOSpecificdetailsontheescapeandcontrol sequences supportedRObya particularserialdeviceare typicallyfoundinthedocu-LO5 mentationprovidedwiththespecificdevice.( InformationonFOthe sequences supportedby DECwindowsDECtermterminalFOemulatorareincludedinthe DECwindowsdocumentation.d W@OExamplesofcommonescapeandcontrol sequences-COthose typicallyusedbytheOpenVMSscreenmanage-FO5ment package-canbefoundintheOpenVMSsystemfileAOSYS$SYSTEM:SMGTERMS.TXT.(ThisfilecanbequeriedAOunderprogramcontrolusingSMG$GET_TERM_DATA,andHO>youdon'tneedtouseallofSMGtousethiscall.)e MOThe followingreferstothefunctionkeysonthe LK-seriesHO keyboardsfoundonthe VT-series terminalssuchastheLO5VT220andVT510,andthe LK-series keyboardsfoundontheFOOpenVMS workstations,andthe keyboardsfoundoncom-OOpatible terminals.)(Thoughnotethatthekeyboarditselfdoes O>notE>generatethe sequence,theterminalorterminalemu-NOlator generatesthesequenceinresponsetouserinput.)*InPOthe following,{CSI}isdecimalcode155andcanbereplacedKOHbythesequence"{ESC}["(withoutthequotes) particularlyPOfor seven-bit operations,SS3isdecimalcode143andcanbeKOreplacedby"{ESC}O" particularlyfor seven-bit operations.LOROlderVT1xxseries terminalsandanyother terminalsoper-NOatingwith seven-bit charactersshouldnotbesent eight-bit1O operatorssuchas{CSI}and{SS3}.8O PF1={SS3}P& PF2={SS3}Q% PF3={SS3}R% PF4={SS3}SPO KP0={SS3}p& KP1={SS3}q% KP2={SS3}r% KP3={SS3}s& KP4={SS3}t% KP5={SS3}uXO KP6={SS3}v& KP7={SS3}w% KP8={SS3}x% KP9={SS3}y&KPCOMMA={SS3}l&KPMINUS={SS3}mWO_KPPERIOD={SS3}n% ENTER={SS3}M&DNARROW={CSI}B&UPARROW={CSI}A&LFARROW={CSI}DVORTARROW={CSI}C% FIND={CSI}1~%INSERT={CSI}2~%REMOVE={CSI}3~%SELECT={CSI}4~XO PREV={CSI}5~% NEXT={CSI}6~& F6={CSI}17~& F7={CSI}18~& F8={CSI}19~& F9={CSI}20~NO7 F10={CSI}21~% F11={CSI}23~& F12={CSI}24~% F13={CSI}25~% F14={CSI}26~\O HELP={CSI}28~& DO={CSI}29~& F17={CSI}31~% F18={CSI}32~% F19={CSI}33~& F20={CSI}34~<fFOAnexampleofworkingwithescape sequences(inDCL)Ofollows:Oa$&esc5m&=%"*[5m"O$& esc5m[0,8]%=%27O$&esc0m&=%"*[0m"O9$& esc0m[0,8]%=%27DO$&write& sys$output%esc5m%+% "blinking%text"%+%esc0mg xMO DocumentationonanANSIterminal relativelysimilartothe+OVT525seriesis availableat:h `m>m4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_prog/ `>4ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_user/xi NNOAlsoseethevarious documentationandmanuals availableat:Tj* `mmhttp://www.vt100.net/k [NO InformationontheReGISgraphics charactersetis available Oat:lY `m<m2http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_regis_news.txt9mOAlso:jn@ `m5m+http://www.boundless.com/Text_Terminals/VT/ojOAlsosee?HowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?,OSection8.13.*oF?*oO?pcGO12.2CDoesDECprint(DCPS)workwiththeLRA0parallel'(port? ONo.qHOTheparallelprintingportLRA0:)foundonmanyOpenVMSHOAlphasystemsiscapableofsome bidirectionalcommuni-NO5cations,withenoughforbasic operationswithmostparallelO printers.r! NJODECprint(DCPS)requiresmorethanjustthesimplehand-NOshakingprovidedbytheLRA0:'port, thereforeDCPSdoesnot'O5workwiththeLRA0:'port.sKO12.3CHowdoIcheckforfreespaceona(BACKUP)tape?GOUYoucannotknowforcertain,thoughyoucan certainly-Oestimatethe remaining capacity.t _LOTapemediais differentthandiskmedia,asdiskshaveaEOknownandpre-determinedfixed capacity.+ModerndisksOO5alsoappear logicallyperfect,basedonbadblock revectoringPOsupportandtheextrablockshiddenwithinthedisk structure/Oforthesebadblock replacements.u! NOThecapacityoftapemediaisnotnearlyaspre-determined,GOandthecapacitycanvaryacross differenttapemediaLO5 (slightly differentmedialengthsor differentfoilmarkersQOorother variations,for instance)andevenonthesamemediaPOovertime(asbadspotsinthemediaarise).)TapescanvaryJO>theamountof recordingmedia required, dependingontheOO remaininglengthofthetape,thenumbersof correctableandIO uncorrectablemediaerrorsthatmightoccur,thenumbersMOHandsizesofthe inter-recordgapsandrelatedtapestruc-KOture overhead,the particularmediaerrorrecoverychosen,OOthetapedensity,the efficientlyofanydata compressioninMORuse,andthestorageoverheadrequiredbyBACKUP,tar,and#Oothersimilar commands. v! NLOBACKUPusingwiththedefaultsettingsresultsinapproxi-OOmately15% overhead,intermsofsavesetsize.'(eg:&AssumingDO5a500KBinput,thetotalsizewouldbe575KB.)wb$OAssumingno compression:>O4GBmedia/575KBsaveset=7294savesetsxr%OAssuming1:2 compression:?O8GBmedia/575KBsaveset=14588savesets ^_UaNote ^_CThereareno inter-recordgapsonDATtapes.(When@> determiningmedia capacity,youhavetoconsiderCthesegapswith nine-trackmagtapemediaandotherCformatswithgaps.,ThisisnotthecasewithDATFH(DDS),astheformathasno recordinggaps.'However,Btheblock structure underneaththevariablelengthJrecord recordingisbasedonablocksizeofcirca124DRKB.Further,writingdoubles filemarksandsuchcanIcausealossofuptothe underlyingblocksize.)ThusDeventhoughthereareno inter-recordgapsonDAT,6[largersavesetsarestillusuallybest. y! gMOThe compression algorithmsusedonvariousdevicesaregen-MOerallynotdocumented-further,thereisnowayto calculateOO5the effectivedata compressionratio,thetapemark overhead,ROandsimilargivenjustthedatatobestoredon tape-shortof,Oactuallytryingit,ofcourse.cz9KOAtypical compressionratiofoundwith "everyday"datais,O somewherearound1:1.8to1:2. ^_UaNote ^_:OpenVMSoftenusestheterm COMPACTIONfor@> compressioncontrol,asinthe qualifier/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION. ${ :O12.4C CorrectlyusinglicensePAKsandLMF?AOUIfyouhavemultipleLMF$LICENSE.LDB databasesinDOyourOpenVMSCluster,theneachandeveryPAKmustMObe installedineachandeverylicensedatabasepresentinAO^anOpenVMSCluster./Evenifyouuse/EXCLUDEorNO /INCLUDE,youneedtohavea consistentsetofPAKsregis-MOteredacrossall licensing databasespresentintheOpenVMSOhCluster. |ROIfyoursoftwarelicensepermitsit,youcanusethe following5OtwocommandstotransferlicensePAKs:Oa$&LICENSE%COPY...>O$&LICENSE%ISSUE/PROCEDURE/OUTPUT=file& product,...P}b&MOTodisplaythe particular license(s)required(suchaswhenGOyoureceivea NOLICENSEerror),usethe followingDCLO5 sequence:'O$&SET%PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=ALLO$& REPLY/ENABLE?OI$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE~WPOThislogicalnamewillcausealllicensefailurestogenerateHOOPCOM messages,andthiswill hopefullyshowwhichli-OO5cense(s)youneed-theremaywellalsobe additionallicenseKOfailures displayed,asvariousproductscancheckforandMOcanbeenabledbymultiplelicensePAKs.+Youwillwantto4O>deassignthislogicalnamewhendone./! 5OSomeofthemorecommonlicensePAKs:ODECnet%Phase%IV:p DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*P DECnet-Plus:;_P DVNETRTG,% DVNETEND,& DVNETEXT,%or% NET-APP-SUP*3TCP/IP% Services:pUCX,&or& NET-APP-SUP*AOpenVMS%Alpha: OPENVMS-ALPHA&and%OPENVMS-ALPHA-USER(OpenVMS%VAX:_(VAX-VMS*pOpenVMS%Galaxy:OPENVMS-GALAXY6Cluster%(Alpha):p VMSCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*4Cluster%(VAX): VAXCLUSTER,% NET-APP-SUP*0EOVarious NET-APP-SUP(NAS)licensepackagesareavail-NOable,eachwith differing collectionsofproducts authorized.GO5SeethevariousNASSoftwareProduct Description(SPD),O documentsforspecificdetails.b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.! zROTo determinewhichlicensePAKisfailing(viaalicensecheck7OfailureOPCOM message),usethecommand:EOa$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE%TRUEWLORealizethatdefiningthislogicalnamewillcauselicenseHOchecksthatare otherwisehidden(unimplemented,latent,TO5orpartofacheckforanyofaseriesof licenses)tobecomePOvisible.*Inotherwords,expecttoseezeroormorespuriousPOlicensecheckcallswhenyoudefinethis,inadditiontothe/O>checkforthe particularlicense.bDOFor informationonPAKGENandon generatinglicenseOPAKs,pleaseseeSection10.10.)For informationon obtainingLO5 commercialandhobbyist licenses,andfor additionaladmin-6Ostrative informationonLMF,pleasesee Section2.8.4 andOSection2.8.1.*?d* P?*O?V%,,O 13.2Finding!and!Using!Software8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.>OFor informationon programmingonOpenVMS,see,OOpenVMS Programming Information.*OVO8#- ?O13.2CWherecanIfindUNIXtoolsforOpenVMS?COUThereareOpenVMSDCLandUNIXshellcommandcom-&Oparisontablespostedat: ^ `m5m+http://wwwvms.mppmu.mpg.de/vmsdoc/UNIX_VMS_ CMD_XREF.HTML `E=E3http://www.mcsr.olemiss.edu/unixhelp/VMStoUNIX.html N%OTheGNVpackage(Section413.2.6)'9andthevariousClibraryPOcalls availableincurrent/recent librariesarethe replacement#O5forthePOSIXpackage.*F?$ 3O13.2.1CCsystemandlibraryroutinesJO4CommonCsystemandlibraryroutinesarepresentintheJODECCrun-timelibrary,whichis availableforV5.5andSOlater,andisshippedinV6.1andlater.'DECCistheupgradeHO=forVAXC,DECCandVAXCcancoexistonthesameFOsystemOpenVMSVAXsystem,andboth compilerscanbe/Oenabledviathe"C"licensePAK.NJOAlsoseeSYS$EXAMPLES:,and(ifeitheris installed)the=ODECW$EXAMPLES:andTCPIP$EXAMPLES(orpriorto'O5V5.0,UCX$EXAMPLES:)areas.NEOTheHPCRun-TimeLibrary documentationisnowpartBOoftheOpenVMS OperatingSystemDocumentation,and>O5separatefromtheHPCcompilerdocumentation.`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/WKO Additionally,therehavebeen large-scale increasestotheMO capabilitiesandfeatures availablewithinrecentHPCcom-MO5pilers.,Ifyouhavenottakenthe opportunitytoskimtheHOcurrentCcompilerdocumentation,youmaywellbesur-OOprisedwiththesheervolumeofnewC capabilities discussedO>there.p6O13.2.2CXWindows utilitiesandroutinesJO4VariousXWindows utilitiesare availablefor DECwindows.FO DECwindowsisanimplementationoftheXWindowsen-MO vironmentand libraries,andprovidesvarious libraries,andJO=providesvariousdesktop interfaces, includingCOE,Motif,OandXUI.- FOxwd,xev,mosaicwebbrowser,xrdb,bmtoaandatobm,FOxpr,ico,etc./are available./Lookin DECW$UTILS:inKO5 DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3andlater.'AlsoseeDECW$EXAMPLES:,OforexampleXandC programs.! DO Miscellaneous tools andexamplesare also available.DOExamplesincludetheolderDWAUTH(XWindowsSYSUAFSO5authorize-liketool)tool,variousversionsofgrep,fgrep,yacc,LOvmstar, uuencode,gawk,etc.'htmltools,themxSMTPmailGOexchangepackage,Xwindowsflight simulator,themxrnEO>Xwindowsnewsreader,theOSUHTTPDWWWserver,aJOWWWgopherbrowser,Castle Wolfenstein (Wolf3D),etc.'areNOallonthevariousOpenVMSFreewaredistributions.'(Alsosee%OHtheGNVpackage(SectionH13.2.6))Hforrelated materials,APIs,Oandtools.)* ?$>O13.2.3CTCP/IPToolsand UtilitiesforOpenVMS?GO4TCP/IPServices (formerlyknownasUCX)containstoolsKOsuchasping, uuencode,smtp,snmp,rcp,nfs,tnfs,etc. aCOOpenVMSV6.2andlaterincludesDCL-integratedsup-GOportforvariousIPtools,withcommandssuchasSETAO5 HOST/TELNET,and COPY/FTP.This interfacerequiresMOthe installationofanIPstack,andTCP/IPServices(UCX)LOV3.3andlateraswellasany then-currentor now-currentOO> third-partyIPstackcanbeused.*OncetheIPstackisin-LOstalledand configured,theDCLcommand qualifierssuchasHO/FTP,/RCP,/RLOGIN,/TELNET,and/TN3270are available;OHonvariousDCLcommands including DIRECTORY.?OVariousC programmingexamplesinTCPIP$EXAMPLESBOand(onreleasespriortoV5.0)inUCX$EXAMPLES:.'O13.2.4CThevitexteditorXO4vile,vimandelvisareallclonesofthevitexteditor,andallOoperateonOpenVMS.sIIOVersionsofvileare availableontheFreewareandat:mC `m8m.http://www.clark.net/pub/dickey/vile/vile.htmlFOvim:'viimproved[1 `m&mhttp://www.polarfox.com/vim/YV/*O13.2.5CTheEmacsTextEditorIO4OpenVMSportsofversionsoftheEmacstexteditorcanHObefoundonvariousOpenVMSFreeware distributions(eg:KOOpenVMSFreewareV7.0hasaportofEmacs21.2),andat)O=variouswebsites including:u K `m@m6http://www.glug.org/people/ttn/software/emacs-for-vms/o!EEO``Emacsisn'tatexteditor,it'sawayoflife.''"aHOFor comparisionsofOpenVMStexteditorsandUNIX,seeOthe following:#] `m>m4http://www.unh.edu/cis/docs/vms-to-unix/Emacs/cheat- sheet.htmlT$V*+O13.2.6CGNV:VariousGNUtoolsAO4 InformationontheGNUonVMS(GNV;``GNU'sNotKOVMS'')Project,whichaimstoportandprovideGNUsoft-MOware(bash,flex,bison,tar,grep,gcc emulation,etc)to&O=OpenVMS,is availableat:Z%0 `m%mhttp://gnv.sourceforge.net/C&OSoftwareinfo:b'8 `m-m#http://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/F(OSoftwarearchive:i)? `m4m*ftp://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/gnu-vms/software/q*GGOVariousGNUtoolsarealso availableonthe Freeware.+Bl!O13.2.6.1BGCCcompilerKO)Yes,gccis availableforOpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64.7,!   `mCmgcc compilation compatibilityforOpenVMSAlphaandLI64is availableasa componentoftheGNVpackage.'ThisHcausestheHPCcompilertoemulatethe interfaceand+w compilation behavioursofgcc.- fBW8http://h71000.www7.hp.com/opensource/opensource.html#gnv `GNVHomePage.H%Whttp://gnv.sourceforge.net/ `=GCCHomePage-GNUProject-FreeSoftware/ Foundation(FSF)c/9Whttp://gcc.gnu.org/ `GNU/FSF0d7W-ftp://ftp.tmk.com/vms-freeware/gcc-for-alpha/ `"HelpGCC-SUNYNCSB1h=W3http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/GCC ` Redhat'sgccArchive2f JW@ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/sources.redhat.com/ftp/gcc/releases `/ Malmberg'sFtpService-gcc281_u3l0W&ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/ `1updated header-filesforGNUC2.8Z4p00W&ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/5 OOInadditiontogcc,theHPCcompilerandother developmentJOtoolsarepartoftheOpenVMSHobbyist licensingprogramIO5fornon-commercialusers,andtheseandothertoolsareLO availableto commercial developersviatheHPDSPPpartnerOprogram.'(SeejSection2.15&)for informationonDSPP.)*5j?=6=O13.3CWhatisthestatusofPL/IonOpenVMS?FOUKednosnowownsandsupportstheformerDIGITALPL/IFOcompilerandrun-timesupportonOpenVMS,andistheJOcontactforproductstatus,supportand associatedplans.&7 QOAsofthiswriting,(older)versionsofthePL/Irun-timeli-GObraryand associated supportingimagesremain availableDO5onOpenVMSVAXandonOpenVMSAlpha, includingtheEO DECmigrateVEST translatedimagesrun-timesupportonGOOpenVMSAlpha,thoughneitherthePL/I shareableimageGO>northe DECmigrate(AEST) translatedimagesupportforKOthePL/Irun-timeare available(fromHP)onnorpresentJOonOpenVMSI64systems.(NewerversionsofthePL/Irun-OOHtimelibrarymaybe(are?)' availablefromKednosforvariousDOOpenVMS platforms;pleasecontactKednosforproduct%Odetailsand availability.T8* `mmhttp://www.kednos.com n9 wD?O13.4CWherecanIgettheMozillaWebBrowser?KOU Mozilla.orgisanopensource organization providingHTML-ROrelatedtools;softwarethatisthebasisforvarious utilitiesFO includingtheMozillawebbrowserandtheSecureWeb"O^Browser(SWB)package.:! WHOOpenVMS Engineeringis continuouslyporting Mozilla.org'sKOwebbrowsertoOpenVMS,andOpenVMSportsofthecurrentKO5Mozilla baselevelsandreleasesare available.(TheOpenVMSNOMozillaportincludesthewebbrowser,themailclient,theEOComposerHTMLeditor,anIRCchatclient,anetnews6O>(NNTP)reader,andvariousothertools.; NJOTheMozillawebbrowserdownloadandthe developmentandPOrelease schedulesforthisandforotherMozilla-relatedtoolsO5are availableat:V<, `m!mhttp://www.mozilla.org/=NKOThe availableSecureWebBrowser(SWB)kitisapackagedLOversionoftheMozillaWebBrowser,and typicallytheSWBFO5versionnumbermatchesthe underlyingMozillaversion.q> GGOAhardware configuration appropriateforMozillagener-KOallyinvolvesanOpenVMSAlphasystemwithanEV56AlphaIO5microprocessor,oranEV6ormorerecent processor,andEOwith256 megabytesofsystemmemory.+The performanceGOofMozillaon EV5-basedandearlierAlpha microproces-MO>sorsystemsis generallyviewedas inadequate,thisduetoROthe extensiveuseofanAlpha instructionsubsetthatisfirstAO availablewiththeEV56microprocessor generation.c?99OMozillaisnot availableforOpenVMSVAX.@yLOVariousversionsoftheNetscape Navigatorwebbrowserare-ObasedontheMozilla code-base. ^Aw47O13.5CWherecanIgetJavaforOpenVMS?KOUJavais availableonandisincludedwithOpenVMSAlpha,JOstartingwiththeOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater releases.IOJavadownloadkitsare availableforOpenVMSAlphaV7.1O^andlater releases.:B! OOJavaisnot availableonOpenVMSVAX.Asforwhy:'theJavaLOlanguage definitionrequiresafloatingpointformat(IEEE)OO5thatisnotnativetoVAX,andthiswouldrequiretheemu-SOlationofallfloatingpoint operationswithinJava applications.POFurther,theCsourcecodeusedto implementforJavaitselfLO>isheavily dependentonpassingIEEEfloatingpointvaluesGOaroundamongthemanyinternal subroutines,andaddingMOsupportforVAXwouldentailchangestotheHPCcompilerFOHforOpenVMSVAX-and specificallytotheVAXVCGcodeJO generatorthatisusedbyHPConOpenVMSVAXsystems-JOinordertoaddsupportforpassing IEEE-formatfloatingNORpointdoublesaround.(Alternatively, extensivechangestothePOJavasourcecodetoremovethe assumptionthatthedoubleis+OanIEEEfloatingpointvalue..C JOThereare currentlynoplanstomakeaversionofJavaIO availableforOpenVMSVAX.(A prototypeversionofJavaHO5wascreatedforOpenVMSVAX,and performancewasfound)Otobe inadequate.'Atbest.)DNJOIfJava2orother environmentliftsthe requirementsforOOIEEEfloatingpointaspartofthelanguage definition,this'O5decisionmaybe revisited.OE %OOIfyouarehavingproblemswithDisplay Postscript,youneedLOtoupgradeyourJava kit-1.2.2-3andlaterremovethere-MO5 quirementforDisplay Postcript extensions,andJava1.2.2-3=Oisrequiredwith DECwindowsV1.2-6andlater.FNNOFor additional informationonJavaforAlphasystems,pleaseIOseetheOpenVMS documentation(V7.2andlater),andtheO5 followingsite:jG@ `m5m+http://www.compaq.com/java/alpha/index.htmlHWmCOHPSecureWebServer(SWS,formerlyCSWS)includesEO CSWS_JAVA,whichprovidesthe followingApacheTomcatJO5 technologies:, JavaServerPages1.1,JavaServlet2.2,andAOMOD_JK.Also availableis CSWS_PHP,aPHPimple-IO mentation.+(SWSisbasedontheApachewebserver.,SeeO>SOFT1.)I=O13.6C ObtaininguserinputinDCLCGIscript?POUIfyouchoosetousetheGETmethod,thentheformdataisBO availableintheDCLsymbol QUERY_STRING,inURL-Oencodedformat.bJ +8POIfyouusethePOSTmethod,thenyouneedtoreadtheformKOdatafromstdin.*ForaDCLCGIscriptrunningundertheMO5Netscape FastTrackwebserver,youcanreadthedatausing(Othe followingREADcommand:(O$&READ% SYS$COMMAND%postdataSK))Otoreadthe informationin.L KOThe following describestheuseofDCLcommand procedures8OasCGIscriptswiththeOSUwebserver:qMG `m<m2http://www.levitte.org/~ava/cgiscripts_other.htmlxNMODCLCGIisalso discussedintheWritingRealProgramsin>ODCLbook,andintheAskTheWizardwebsite.>NO! $MO13.7CHowcanabatchjobgetitsownbatchentrynumber?IOUTohaveabatch procedureretrieveitsownbatchentry'Onumber,usethe following:3O2$&Entry&=%F$GETQUI("DISPLAY_ENTRY",%-4z*"entry_number","display_entry","this_job")PWGORememberthattheentrynumbersissuedbytheOpenVMSEOJob Controllerarealwaysopaquelongwordvalues.+Do notKO5assumeyouknowtheformatoftheentrynumber,northeJOrangeofentrynumbersyoumightsee,northe algorithmIOthatisusedtoassignentynumbers.-YoushouldsimplyO>assumet>opaquelongword >. Q 2FO13.8CHowdoIconverttonewCMSorDTM libraries?LOUAchangewasmadetotheformatoftheCMSdatabaseforKOCMS librariesstartingwith V3.5-03-toensurethatearlierNOversionsofCMSareunabletoaccessthedatabaseoncetheNO^``conversion''toV3.5-05andlaterismade,youmustissueEOthe followingtwocommandswhen upgradingfromV3.5-IO03andprior.+(Theonly differencesbetweenCMSversionKOhV3.5-03andCMSversionV3.5-05involvechangestoensureNOthatnoearlierversionofCMScanaccessthe ``converted'''O database,andcorruptit.) RLOToperformthe``conversion'',issuethe followingcommands+OforeachCMSlibrarypresent:5Oa$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00CMS.*%01CMS.*3O$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00CMS.CMSSUDOThenewfile 00CMS.CMSmusthavethesamesecurityPOsettingsasthe 01CMS.CMSfile,andiscreatedsolelytoen-MO5sure continued compatibilitywithtoolsthatexpecttofindIOa 00CMS.CMSfile(eg:*variousversionsofthe Language-+O SensitivetexteditorLSEDIT).T $ZMOIfyouchoosetoinstallandusethelongervariantnamesPOsupportthatis availablewithCMSV4.1orlater,youcannotLO5mixearlierCMSversionswithinacluster.*IfyouattemptOOtomixolderandnewer versions,youwill typicallyseetheBO followingBADLIBand BADTYPSTRerrorsequencewhenHO> accessingtheCMSlibraryfromtheolderCMS versions:JO%CMS-F-BADLIB,%there%is% something%wrong%with%your&libraryNO -CMS-F-BADTYPSTR,%header%block%type%is%145;&it&should%be%17UbOOPleaseseetheCMSV4.1releasenotesfor additionaldetailsOonthis.Vs\FOToperformthe equivalent``conversion''forDECTestJOManager(DTM)V3.5andpriorversionstoV3.6andlaterIO5 versions,issuethe followingDCLcommandsforeachDTMOlibrarypresent:5O$&RENAME%disk:[directory]00DTM.*%01DTM.*3OZ$&COPY%NLA0:%disk:[directory]00DTM.DTMWrNOLikeCMS,thischangeisintendedtopreventolderversionsKOofDTMfrom accessingnewer libraries,and corruptingtheJO5 contents.+LikeCMS,oncethe librariesarerenamed,theyMOcannotandshouldnotberenamedbacktotheoldernames;BOlikeCMS,thechangesarenotdownward-compatible.XNFOToconvertversion1 (ancient)DTMandCMS librariesAOforward,pleaseseetheDTMCONVERTandtheCMSO5CONVERT commands.F0Y )7O13.9CWherecanIgetPerlforOpenVMS?MOUOpenVMSsupportisincludedinthestandard distributionofMOPerl,thepopular scriptinglanguagecreatedbyLarryWall.QOInadditiontonearlyallofthe functionality availableunderIO^Unix,OpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesprovide interfacestoROmanynative features,aswellasaccesstoOracle,Ingres,andIOSybase databasesviathePerlDBI availableonOpenVMS.ZMOAwebsiteusefulforgettingstartedwithPerlonOpenVMS-IOwhereyouwillfindsuchthingsasdownloadlinks,in-LO5 structions, auxiliarytools,andsample scripts-is available Oat:[[1 `m&mhttp://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl\NROIfyouhaveaC compiler,thebestwaytoobtainPerlistoOOdownloadandbuildit yourself.)Thelatest productionquality+O5sourcekitis availablefrom:i]? `m4m*http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.tar.gz)^FOYouwillneedGUNZIPandVMSTAR(both availablefromJOtheOpenVMSFreewareCD,orfromothersites)tounpackOO5thearchive;onceyou'vedonethat,readthe instructionsin Othe README.vmsfile._NIOBinary distributionsformostAlphaandVAX environmentsAOare availableontheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMand>O5fromvarious websites, includingthe following:`z `m4m*http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/prebuilt.html `0&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/anLODuringactivePerl developmentcycles,testkitsaresome-"Otimesfoundat:'from:Sb) `mmftp://ftp.sidhe.org/c dQOWatchthemailinglist(seebelow)fordetailson experimentalO releases.!dKOCharlesLane maintainspagesonhowtowriteCGIscriptsMOinPerlfortheOSUHTTPserver,aswellasmoregeneralMO5tips,tricks,andpatchesforbuildingandrunningPerlonOOpenVMS:ce9 `m.m$http://www.crinoid.com/crinoid.htmlx-fFOThereareOpenVMS-specificPerlmodulesthat implementJO interfacestoasubsetoftheVMSSystem Services.-WithRO5thesemodules,youcanget(andoftenset)device,job,queue,IOuser,system,and performance information.(Thelockman-JOager,RMSindexedfiles,screen management utilities,andKO> Intracluster CommunicationServicesarealso accessibleviaCOPerl.'Therelevantmodulesareall availablefrom:mgC `m8m.http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/VMShNNOTo subscribetotheOpenVMSPerlmailinglist(a discussionLOforumforbothusersupportandnew development),sendan8O5emailmessagetovmsperl-subscribe@perl.orghi>>OThemailinglistarchivesmaybesearchedat:ojE `m:m0http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/vmsperlo! whNO13.11CWherecanIgetZip,Unzip,self-extractingzip,etc?LOUManypackagesareprovidedinZIP,GZIP,orBZIP2format,ROwhichrequiresyoutoacquirethe associatedunziptooltoun-OOpackit.&YoucangetZIPandUNZIPandrelatedandsimilar-O^toolsfromthe followingareas:pZX `mBm&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/.+Lookinthe [000TOOLS...]'and[ * ZIP ?*e...]' directories. `E<E2ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.alpha_exe `:0ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/unzip.vax_exe `D7D-http://zinser.no-ip.info/www/vms/sw/zip.htmlx `(http://www.djesys.com/zip.html `B*B http://www.djesys.com/unzip.html `DThemasterInfo-Zipwebsiteisathttp://www.info-Jzip.org/.)OpenVMSportsofcurrentversionsofzipandKsunzipare typically availableatthiswebsite,asisamailinglist. M6'+PFreewareV4.0 [000TOOLS...] Z* PZIP ^Z*~P.EXE 5M6=TheFreewareV4.0 [000TOOLS...]- pre-builtver-E.sionsofZIPwill erroneouslyreturnBILFerrorsonCOpenVMSV7.2andlater.,Thisisnottheonlyer-Frorlurkingwithinthese pre-built versions,justtheF7mostobvious.* Accordingly,pleaseuseoneofthefarFmorecurrentversionsthatarenowreadily available,EwhetheronthemostrecentFreeware distribution,or3Afromoneofthesiteslistedabove.q:WDonotusetheFreewareV4.0 [000TOOLS...] c* WZIP c*W.EXEimages. rNOO Directionsforcreatingandusingthesfxself-extractingzipKOfile compression mechanismare availableintheunzipkit"O5thatis availableat:s ^ `m$mLookinarecentunzip y*?4m directoryat&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `EWiththeUNZIP542 directoryfromFreewareV5.0,look'Eforthefile UNZIPSFX.TXT.tWROIfyouwanttobuildthezipimagesforyourself(eg:*foranMOolderOpenVMS version),pullovertheentirecontentsofaMO5recentunzipandunzip directory,orInfo-Zip directory,orOOvisitoneofthewebsites.*WithmostOpenVMSportsoftheKOtools,findandinvoke LINK.COM.No compilersareneeded,@O>asobjectsareprovidedwithmostdistributions.Pu &GOHPOpenVMS EngineeringusesatoolknownasFTSVforKOcreatingself-extracting compressedfilesusingtheOpenVMSIO5DCX compressiontools,asseenwithvariousOpenVMSECONO(patch)kits.*(sfx typicallyprovidesbetter compressionthanKOdoesDCX.)FTSVandFTSOare availableonFreewareV7.0,GO>forOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.'DuetochangesinOOtheimageheaders,noversionofFTSVis presently availableOforOpenVMSI64. v:O13.12CAreVAXHardware Emulators Available?IOUSoftware-based emulatorsoftheVAX architectureandforKOspecificVAXhardware platformsare availablefromvariousOsources:Hw `m?mSoftware Resources International(SRI) CHARON-VAX$http://www.softresint.com/ `EETimStark'sTS10/%http://sourceforge.net/projects/ts10/ `'BobSupnik'sTrailingEdge(vhttp://simh.trailing-edge.com/ix?DOVAX emulatorsthatoperateonPCsystemsand/oronDOOpenVMSAlphasystemsare available.-For informationLO5onan alternativetousingaVAX emulator-ontheavail-EOable DECmigrateVAX executableimagetranslator-please OseeSection13.10.*x?kNy%$$O 14.2Hardware! InformationzAq8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.20  (OTable3-1:7OpenVMSWebsites O  OFURLFSponsor Ob  OHPOpenVMS Marketing'$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/O EncompassDFWCUG)http://www.openvmshobbyist.org/OArneVajhj& http://www.levitte.org/~ava/OSaigaSystemshttp://www.saiga.com/OxWayneSewell#http://www.tachysoft.com/OlproGISSoftware* http://www.progis.de/openvms.htmO_JeffCameron&http://www.jcameron.com/vms/HOSDavidMathog's(quiteuseful) informationaboutOpenVMS.2(http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/soft_doc.htmlOF CrackingO ``TheBeave''wO Includessystemcracking informationthatcanbeofinteresttoOpenVMSSystem Managers,andtosO[ OpenVMSNetworkandSecurity Managers.!This informationis availableattheDeathrowcluster.8 .http://manson.vistech.net/ht_root/Hack-VMS-faq OO UndocumentedFeaturesO DECUS Deutschland>B 4http://zinser.no-ip.info/www/eng/vms/qaa/undoc.htmlxO ArneVajhj36 )http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_tip.htmlxjO TheOpenVMSFreewarecontainsvariousexamplesof undocumentedfeaturesand interfaces w V O  OURLSponsor O 0x&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/PO ComparisonsofUNIXandLinuxshellcommandsandDCLCommands=l3http://www.mcsr.olemiss.edu/unixhelp/VMStoUNIX.htmlB8http://wwwvms.mppmu.mpg.de/vmsdoc/UNIX_VMS_CMD_XREF.HTMLFO_ ComparisonsofemacsandOpenVMStexteditorcommandsH>http://www.unh.edu/cis/docs/vms-to-unix/Emacs/cheat-sheet.htmlOS Bibliographies5+http://www.openvms.org/pages.php?page=Books4F*http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_book.htmlxO Introductory:PleaseseeW:Table3-2O:forlistingsof introductorywebsitesandrelated materials.O Programming'O-AnOpenVMS ProgrammingFAQJ@http://www.pdv-systeme.de/users/martinv/VMS_Programming_FAQ.htmlO! Networking`OTutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMSsystemstotheInternet) http://www.tmesis.com/internet/zO  DocumentationandSpecificationsforDECnetPhaseIV,DECnet task-to-taskDCL examples,andawholeO lotmore..U $http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/$O HPOpenVMS DocumentationI PleaseseeWI Table3-2PI forlistingsof documentationwebsitesandrelated materials.O System Performance = See= Section14.2.O Patch(ECO)Kitsk0 FortheHPServicesFTPserverhostingVariouscontract-accessand non-contractaccess+~ ECO(patch)kits,seesection~ Section5.17.* W#4* W #4*  h4* L h41 A b  O  OURLSponsor O  Ox CatalogsandPricing512-byteblock,whoseLBNis specifiedinR4. Ob4bDIAGRb Diagnosticboot.% Secondary bootstrapisthe Diagnostic Supervisor5image;theimage[SYSMAINT]DIAGBOOT.EXE. O)5)BOOBPTQ) Bootstrap breakpoint.%Stopstheprimaryand secondary bootstrapsRwwithanXDELTA breakpoint instructionpriortothememorytest. O6HEADERVImageheader."Takesthetransferaddressofthe secondary bootstrapS>imagefromthatfile'simageheader.#Ifthe RPB$V_HEADERbitisXnotset,theimageisassumedtohavenoimageheader,andcontrolOis transferedtothefirstbyteofthe secondarybootfile. OS7SNOTEST[SMemorytestinhibit.#SetsabitinthePFNbitmapforeachpageof9memorypresent.!Doesnottestthememory. O 8 SOLICTW Filename.!VMBpromptsforthenameofa secondary bootstrapfile. O 9 HALTT Haltbefore transfer.#ExecutesaHALT instructionbefore transfer-7 ringcontroltothe secondary bootstrap. O[ 10[ NOPFNDW[ NoPFNdeletion(not implemented;intendedtotellVMBnottoreadW afilefromthebootdevicethat identifiesbadorreservedmemoryW pages,sothatVMBdoesnotmarkthesepagesasvalidinthePFNC bitmap). O 11  MPMV  Specifiesthat multi-portmemoryistobeusedforthetotalEXECS memory requirement.%Nolocalmemoryistobeused.%ThisisforPX tightly-coupledmulti-processing.%Ifthe RPB$V_DIAGbitisalsoS enabled,thenthe Diagnostic SupervisorentersitsAUTOTESTmode. O 12 USEMPMX  Specifiesthat multi-portmemoryshouldbeusedinadditiontolocalHm memory,asthoughbothwereonesinglepoolofpages. t  O OBitMnemonic Description O  Ox13xMEMTESTWx Specifiesthatamore extensive algorithmbeusedwhentestingmain>memoryforhardware uncorrectable(RDS)errors. O?14?FINDMEMP?RequeststheuseofMA780 multiportmemoryifthemainMS780Pmemoryis insufficientforbooting.)ThisisaremnantoftheMsupportforthe VAX-11/782seriessystemandits AsymmetricN(Multiprocessing(ASMP) environment.$Supportforthe VAX-11/782VuandforASMPwas withdrawnwiththeV5.0release;withtheadvent9of SymmetricMultiprocessing(SMP)support. O (wCO14.2CSeeking performance informationforAlpha(and'(VAX)systems?GOHPmakesawiderangeof performance documentsavail-DOablethroughitsFTPandWWWInternetservers(seeO^Section3.2).*O!|?JOThe followingcontain informationon Integrity,AlphaandJOVAX products,withtheVAX informationlargely accessableKO5viaarchive-relatedlinksatthe Alpha-relatedproductwebOpages:v `m&mhttp://www.hp.com/go/server/ `:0http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/vax/index.htmlNKOThe followingsitesare reachableviathe AlphaServerin-LO formationpages,andcontain informationonvariousretired$O5VAXandAlpha products:^ `m>m4http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/archive/index.html `=3http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/performance/perf_Etps.htmlGOAlsoseeCPU2000:~ `m*m http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/ `>4http://www.spec.org/osg/cpu2000/results/cpu2000.htmlXE( willhaveputtogethera bootstrapkit-suchasthekitfortheGOAlpha Multia-whichpermitsOpenVMSto bootstrapontheO platform.* FOContrarytothe assumptionsofsomefolks, thereareJOplatform-level differencesevenwithintheVAXandwithinHO5theAlpha platforms-hardware-level differencesthatcanIOrequiremoderateto extensivenewcodingwithinOpenVMS.OOWithinaplatformseries,and particularlywithinAlphaplat-HO>forms(andthosefewVAXsystems)thatsupportDynamicHOSystem Recognition(DSR),OpenVMScanusually bootstrap.W@ODSRisa mechanismbywhichOpenVMScangatherIOplatform-specific information,andDSRisthereasonwhyGO5newerAlphasystemscanbemoreeasilyandmorecom-IOmonly supportedonolderOpenVMSAlpha releases.)DSRisFO implementedwithOpenVMSAlphacode,withSRMconsole;O>code,andwithplatform non-volatilememory. ~COOpenVMSuserswith experienceonolderOpenVMSVAXIOreleasesandVAXhardwarewillrecallthatthen-newVAXCO5systemseitherrequiredanOpenVMSVAXupgrade,orIOthatearlierreleaseswouldmis-identified then-newerVAXLO systems-suchasthecaseoftheVAX7000model800beingKO>(mis)identifiedasaVAX7000model600when bootstrappedIOonOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2.((This(mis)identificationwastheOOoutcomeofa deliberate engineeringefforttopermittheVAXLOH7000model800to bootstraponV5.5-2;thesystemmanagerIOcould configuretheVAX7000model800to (mis)identifyPOitselfasamodel600,topermitthesystemto bootstrapon@ORV5.5-2.).OpenVMSVAXandVAX platformslackDSROsupport.x kN$OOpenVMSI64(pleaseseeSection14.4.5forIntelItaniumNO terminology)supportsaplatform-levelfeaturesimilartotheDO5OpenVMSAlphaDSR mechanism,basedontheACPIin-HOterfaceandthe byte-code interpreter implementedwithinIOOpenVMS,withintheEFIconsole,and particularlywithinDO> non-volatilememorylocatedon (byte-code interpreterJO compliant)PCII/O hardware.)ACPItablesprovidethein-IO formationthatwasformerly retrievedfromDSRandfromKOHtheSRM,andthe byte-code interpretercan(theoretically)HOpermitatleastlimited operationswith (compliant)PCIHO hardware,whetherornotOpenVMShasadriverfortheOR particular hardware.*F?! kIOThebytecode interpretermayormaynotpermitopera-IOtionswithany particularPCI hardware,andmayormayLO5nothave sufficient performanceforlocal requirements,andIOPCIhardwaremayormaynotincludethe necessaryROM-NObaseddriversinthePCIhardware non-volatilestorage.'(TheRO>intentofthisIntelplatform-leveleffortistomovethehostNOsoftwaredriversoutontothespecificPCI hardware,andtoROpermitthesamebytecodetooperate regardlessofthepartic-POHularhost platform.)(AtleasttheinitialreleasesofOpenVMSOI64will xnotDhavesupportforthebytecode interpreternorforNO arbitraryPCIorsystem hardware,butwillhavesupportforIOR ACPI-basedsystemidentificationandsystemconfiguration.rVH)O14.4.1ContheAlphaMultia?OO4Yes,thereareasetof unsupportedimagesthatpermitspe-IOcificOpenVMSAlphaversionsto bootstrapontheMultiaIOUDBsystem.*Theseimagesandthe associated instructions>O=are availableattheOpenVMSFreewarewebsite: x `m0m&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/=OLookintheFreewareV5.0/multia/ directory.`@O Instructions are included IN the kits.3READ THE O INSTRUCTIONS.PLEASE! NGOSomeofthe restrictionsinvolvedwhenrunningOpenVMSROontheMultiasysteminclude(butmaywellnotbelimitedto)O5the following: 7 `mBmThePCMCIAsupportwas completelyremoved,becauseLtheIntelchipontheMultiawasnot compatablewiththe+Cirruschiponthe Alphabook.|KWThismeans,ofcourse,thatyouwillnotseeandcannot1useanyPCMCIAcardsonaMultia.! fNWTheMultiausesshared interrupts,andasaresult,aspe-HcialZLXp-Eseriesgraphicsdevice driver-onethatdoesJnotuse interrupts-isneeded.*Thisdriverisprovidedinathekit. `*Theseriallinesdon'twork. `_M_IfyouhaveaMultiawithaPCIslot,youcan'tuseany0PCIcardthatrequires interrupts. `7G7TheSRMconsoleonthissystemisveryoldandveryKfragile.((ThisSRMconsolewasdesignedonlyandstrictlyNfor diagnosticuse,andwasnot particularlytestedorusedAwith OpenVMS.) `IIfthingsdon'tworkforyou,don'texpecttoseeanyBOpenVMSupdates,norSRMconsoleupdates,noranyqsupport. `LDonotexpecttoseeanynewversionsofOpenVMSontheFIMultianoronanyother unsupportedsystems.*IfsuchMnewversionsdoappearanddowork,pleaseconsideritas apleasant surprise. COTheMultiaimagesarenotincludedontheOpenVMSHOFreewareV4.0CD-ROMkit,thekitthatwas distributedHO5withOpenVMSV7.2.)(Theseimagesbecame availableafter#OFreewareV4.0 shipped.)XHOOthersourcesof informationforOpenVMSonMultiain-Oclude:V `m8m.http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/multia.html `:0http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/mltianot.html `l9l/http://www.djesys.com/vms/hobbyist/support.html `:0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html `k:k0http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html|! VR6O14.4.2ConAlphaPC164LX?AlphaPC164SX?JO4OpenVMSAlphaisnot supportedontheAlphaPC164LXandPO164SXseries,thoughtherearefolksthathavegottencertainLOoftheLXseriestoloadSRMand bootstrapOpenVMS.(The6O=AspenDurangoIIvariant,specifically.)NJOOneproblemhasbeen generally reported:)ATA(IDE)boot-NOstrapswillfail;SCSIstorageandaSCSICD-ROMdeviceisO5 required.Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.2.1.*}F?4 6O14.4.2.1BontheNoNameAXPpci33system?FO) Informationon bootstrappingOpenVMS(usingtheMultiaOfiles describedinSection14.4.1) onthe (unsupported)6ONoNameAXPpci33moduleis availableat:*D?  `m7m-http://www.jyu.fi/~kujala/vms-in-axppci33.txtDOTipsforusingtheMultiafileswiththe AXPpci33:! Zw `mLmYouhavetousetheMultiakitandfollowthe directionsinALPHA8,butdo * not (**hloadtheMultiaSRMfirmwareHintothe AXPpci33.*Rather,downloadandusethelatestFwfirmwarefortheAXPpci33fromtheHPAlphafirmwarewebsiteinstead. `O3O64MBmemoryis generally necessary. `JyoucannotuseanyPCIcards,andifyouplanonnet-K'working,youneedtofindanISAEthernetcard supportedbyOpenVMS. `GWhentheAXPpci33board bootstraps,itwilldumpsomeMWstufflikeacrashdump,butitwillcontinueand-sofar-9thishasn'tcausedany particularhassles. `/G/Thesystemshutdownandreboot proceduresdonotwork properly. `NTheserialconsoleisreportedtonotwork,thoughthese-L_rialports apparentlydowork.*Thestatusoftheparallelportisunknown. `7I7RumourhasitthatyouhaveoneoftheAXPpci33moth-EerboardswiththePS/2mouseandkeyboard connectorsGandaVGAcard(onethatwillworkunder DECwindows):Aandyoucanrun DECwindowsonthesystem.dM:-O14.4.3ContheAlphaXLseries? O4No.NHOOpenVMS EngineeringdoesnotformallysupporttheAlphaKOXLseries,norwillOpenVMS (informally) bootstrapontheO5AlphaXLseries. NLOOpenVMScannot,willnot,anddoesnot bootstrapontheMOAlphaXLseries.)TheAlphaXLserieswastargetedforuseGO5(only)withthe MicrosoftWindowsNT operatingsystem.]IOTheAlphaXLplatformdoesnotresembleother supportedO platforms.6 V GO14.4.4COpenVMSonthePersonal Workstation-aand-aug(series?@OThough OpenVMSis not supported onthe PersonalHO Workstation-aseries platforms,OpenVMSmightormight,O=not bootstraponthe platform.4 QOIfyouwishtoattemptthis,youmustensurethatallgraph-NOicsandallI/O controllersinthesystemare supportedbyGO5OpenVMS.Youmustalsoensurethatyouhavethemost$Ocurrentfirmwareloaded. mOOHerearesomesalient differenceswithinthevariousPersonalO Workstationseries:< @ `mHmThe-aserieswasdesignedandwastestedforWindowsKNTuse.'Only.'Itisnot supportedforusewithOpenVMS. `EEEThe-auserieswasdesignedandtestedforWindows,COpenVMS,andTru64UNIXcompatibility,andiscon-(sidereda supportedsystem. `vJvThereareattwo differentanddistinctvariantsoftheKfamily,andusuallyreferedtobytheirinternalhardware'projectnames.6   h=YhTheMiataMX5.*TheMiataMX5varianthasnoDYUSBportsandnoon-boardSCSI.Theon-boardIntelCYSIOchipsetisnot supportedbyOpenVMS,andthus=YqOpenVMScannot bootstrapATAPICD-ROMdevices.! +CYWThatsaid,theMiataMX5-aseries typicallycameAYwithDECbrandedAdaptec2940UWSCSI controllers,=YMatrox Millenniumgraphicscards,noL3cache=Yamodule,andanToshibaIDECD-Rom.)SomecameDYwithveryhighend PowerstormgraphicscardiftheCYsystemwasdestinedtodoCADormovie rendering.q ! pGGYWGraphicsandotherI/Ocananddoesvarybypackage.*  ;YWTheMiataMX5isnot supportedbyOpenVMS. CYTheMiataGL.TheMiataGLvarianthasUSBportsDY/andon-boardSCSIand bootstrapsusingtheon-boardY supportedbyOpenVMS.TheMiataGL-avariantEY9isneednotbe configuredwithanadd-onSCSIcon-IYtroller,givenboththeabilityto bootstrapfromATAPI+YCD-ROMandtheon-boardSCSI.q ! pGGYWGraphicsandotherI/Ocananddoesvarybypackage.~ TBYWVariousoftheMiataGLsystemsare supportedbyYOpenVMS. yQOForobviousreasons,mostfolkswillpreferandwillselectaJOMiataGLsystem,giventhechoicebetweentheMiataMX5PO5andtheMiataGLseries.(Andasforyournext question,youHOcannot necessarilynoreasily distinguishtheMiataMX5FOfromtheMiataGLbasedsolelyonthemodelnumber.rH OSeeSection14.4.4.2 forrelateddetails.*F? LO14.4.4.1BOpenVMSontheWhitebox Windows-OnlyseriesAlpha?LO)ThoughOpenVMSisnot supportedonthe ``Whitebox''seriesJOofAlpha platforms,OpenVMSmightormightnot bootstrapIOonthe platform.-Thesesystemswere specificallyconfig-OO3ured,targetedand supportedonlyforusewiththe Microsoft)OWindowsNT operatingsystem.E! WQOOnsomeofthe ``Whitebox''systems,the followingsequenceofOOconsolecommandscan potentiallybeusedtoconvertthesys-JO5temoverto unsupportedusebyandforOpenVMSHobbyistROusers.)(Butpleasenotethatifyouwishtoattemptthis,youPOmustensurethatallgraphicsandallI/O controllersintheFO>systemare supportedbyOpenVMS,andyoumustensureKOthatyouhavethemostcurrentSRMfirmwareloaded.((ForIO informationonlocatingand downloadingthemostcurrent,OHAlphaSRM firmware,pleaseseeHSection 14.3.7.1.)|HAndyouLOmustrealizethatthe resultingWhitebox configurationwillLObeentirely unsupportedandmayormaynotbestableandORuseful.)Oset%os_type%vmsDOcat%nvramK!%too&see%what&is&in&this,&if&anythingOfedit&nvramO10%set%srm_boot%onO20%eO>init* ?_5MOIfyournvramhasother contents,youwillneedtochangeQOthelinenumbers(10and20)toreflectthecontentsofyourJO5configuration.(Toobtain documentationonthecommandsofMOtheconsoleeditor,enterthe?'commandwithintheeditor.! WIOTheabovesequencewas reportedlytestedontheDIGITALPOServer3300series,arelativeofthe AlphaServer800series.FO5TheDIGITALServer3300isnot supportedbyOpenVMS,LOthoughthe AlphaServer800seriesisa supported platform.LOThesequencemayormaynotworkonother platforms,andLO>mayormaynotworkontheDIGITALServer3300 platform.U+OAlsosee}Section5.33.*}F?i U?OO14.4.4.2BOpenVMSandPersonal WorkstationATA(IDE) bootstrap?IO)OpenVMSwillbootandis supportedonspecificPersonalJO Workstation-auseries platforms,thoughOpenVMSwillre-IOquireaSCSICD-ROMiftheIntelSaturnI/O(SIO)IDEMO3chipispresentintheconfiguration-onlytheCypressIDEMO controllerchipis supportedbyOpenVMSforIDE bootstraps.NO(ConfigurationswiththeIntelSIOarenot generallyconsid-,O<eredtobe supported systems.)zMOIfyouhavean-auseriessystem,youcan determinewhichBOIDEchipyouhaveusingtheSRMconsolecommand:aSHOW% CONFIGURATION!! KOIfyousee ``CypressPCI Peripheral Controller'',youcanMO bootstrapOpenVMSfromIDEstorage.(Ifyousee``IntelSIOSO582378'',youwillneedtouseand bootstrapfromSCSI.(Apro-KOceduretoloadDQDRIVERontheIntelSIO-oncethesystemLOhas bootstrappedfromaSCSI device-isexpectedtobein-OO>cludedaspartofthecontentsoftheDQDRIVER directoryon&OFreewareV5.0andlater.) ROManyofthe-aseriessystemswillincludetheIntelSIO,and-Othuscannot bootstrapfromIDE.pF OSeeSection14.4.4 forrelateddetails.*F? ;O14.4.5COntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?NO4OpenVMShasbeenportedtotheIntelIA-64 architecture;toKOHP IntegritysystemsbasedontheIntelItanium ProcessorOFamily.! NMOThefirstreleaseofOpenVMSI64wasV8.0,withthefirstNOgeneralorfirst productionreleaseofOpenVMSI64knownas:O5V8.2.'Yes,therewasaV8.1release,too.! WLOSomeIntelandHP terminology:'Itanium ProcessorFamilyisOOthenameofthecurrentimplementation;ofthecurrentIntelIO5microprocessorfamily implementingtheIA-64 architecture.OOIA-64isthenameoftheIntel architecture implementingtheHOVLIW(VeryLong InstructionWord)designknownasEPIC9O> (ExplicitlyParallel Instruction Computing).gLOI64isthenameofafamilyofHPcomputersystemsthatNOuseIntelItanium processorsandthatare supportedby``HPJO5OpenVMSfor Integrity Servers''(anditselfmorecommonlyHOknownas ``OpenVMSI64'');byoneoftheHP operating;OsystemsthatrunsonHP Integrity hardware.s! IMOThe ExtensibleFirmware Interface(EFI)isthenameoftheKOconsole environmentforItaniumsystems,andthe BaseboardDO5 ManagementConsole(BMC)andtheoptional ManagementNO Processor(MP)arethemosttypicalhardware interfacesintoOthesystemconsole.DO14.4.5.1BWherecanIgetIntelItanium information?FO)IntelItanium ProcessorFamilyandIA-64 Architecture,GO Hardware, Software,andrelateddocoumentation materialsOare availableat:[ 1 `m8m.ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/manuals/ `:0ftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/ `lMlCftp://download.intel.com/design/IA-64/Downloads/archSysSoftware.pdf `FingpackageforUS$2000.,See>Section2.8.3>fordetailsonGOtheDSPPprogram.+AlsoseetheHPRenewused-and/orBOrefurbished-equipmentprogramforanyhardwarethatOHmightbe available.*$?%NDOFreeand commercialVAXsoftware-basedhardwareemu-?Olatorsare availableforvarious platforms.)SeeSection13.12"O5fordetailsonthose.*%?vB&GOHobbyist-relatedhardwareplatform selection information-DOvariousoptionsandconsiderationsaroundVAX,AlphaGO5and Integritysystems,andan introductiontohardwareFO emulation-is availableat:'http://www.hoffmanlabs.org/)'! HO DependingontheOpenVMSversionandconfiguration,theLOOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)is availableat:`(6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/)aMOWhen purchasingasystem,ensurethatthesystemitselfisPO supported,thatthesystemdiskdriveis supportedorcloselyNO5 compatible,thattheoptical(CDorDVD)driveis supportedOOorisclosely compatableandthat(inthecaseofSCSIde-OOvices)italso specificallysupports512-byteblock transfers;MO>no equivalent requirementexistsforIDEdevices.)Alsopar-NO ticularlyensurethatthevideo controlleris supported.*UseNOof supportedHPhardwarewill generallyreducethelevelof(OH integrationeffort involved.*FOACD-ROM,CD-RorDVDdriveisrequiredforOpenVMSDOAlphainstallations,andaDVD-ROMor recordableorFO5 rewritableDVDDVDdriveisrequiredforOpenVMSI64Oinstallations.q+GGOCD-ROMdrive compatibility informationis availableat:k,A `m6m,http://sites.inka.de/pcde/dec-cdrom-list.txt - nJO14.6CWherecanIgetmore informationonAlphasystems?AOUHPoperatesan AlphaServer informationcenterat:Z.0 `m%mhttp://www.hp.com/go/server/WJOAlpha Technical informationand documentationis available Oat:0 `m9m/ftp://ftp.compaq.com/pub/products/alphaCPUdocs/ `<2http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/software/alpha-Etools/ `6,ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/systems/ `D%Dhttp://ftp.digital.com/pub/@6Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/dsc-library.html `!AlphaSystemsUpdate:7t-http://www.compaq.com/alphaserver/fb_acu.html1sHOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) information, including+Oplatformsupportdocumentation:b28 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/3 _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.i4??O InformationonMultiahardwareis availableat:o5E `m:m0http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.htmlt6JJO InformationonDEC3000serieshardwareis availableat:77 6  `m@m6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- sysinfo.html `E@E6http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~prescott/linux/alpha/dec3000- docs.html `C9http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/dec-docs/index.html8! \IOTheNetBSDfolksmaintainusefulAlphahardwareinforma-Otionat:l9B `m7m-http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/models.htmlD BO14.8CSohowdoIopenuptheDEC3000chassis?UOUAfterremovingthosetwolittlescrews,tiltthebackendofthe?Otopshell upwards-thenyoucanremovethelid. QE! '*O14.9CWhatisbyte swizzling?ROU ``Swizzling''isthetermusedtodescribethe operationneededUOtodopartiallongword(i.e.'byteorword)accessestoI/OspaceOOonthosesystemsthatdon'tsupportit directly.+ItinvolvedRO^shiftingtheoffsetintoanaddressspaceby5(or7foronePOoldersystem),andORingthisintothebaseaddress.)ItthenOOrequiredthesizeofthe operationtobeORedintothelowOhorderbits.F WMOThatis,becausetheEV4andEV5CPUsdidnotbringbitsPO0and1offthechip,todo programmedI/Ofor bytes/words,QO5the informationonthe size/offsetofthetransferwasencodedROintotheaddressdata.)ThedataitselfthenhadtobeshiftedVOintothecorrect``bytelane'';intotherequiredoffsetposition(O>withinalongword transfer;qGGEOTheEV56microprocessorsupports byte/word instructionGO referencesinmemoryspace,howeveronlyspecificEV56LO5systemscansupport byte/wordaccessesintoI/Ospace;de-POvicedriversmayormaynotbeabletoutilizeto byte/wordNO instructionstoaccessdevice registers.*Further,evenonanIO>EV56systemwithhardwaresupportfor byte/wordaccessesLOintoI/Ospace,therelevantOpenVMSroutines typicallydoanduseoftheseroutinesmayormaynotbefeasiblewithinPOthe requirementsfora particulardevicedriver,withthede-NOcision typicallybasedonthetarget performance requirementsOOHandtheexpected frequencyofdevice referencesandthustheSOexpected frequencyofcallstotheseorothersimilar routines.)J DOTouse byte/word operationsonMEMORY,youneedtoHOtellthecompilertousetheEV56orEV6 architecture=O5(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56).,Memory operationsdidnotOOswizzle,butthecompilerwoulddo long/quadaccess,andex-EO tract/insertbytesasneeded.'Using/ARCHITECTURE=EV56OO>allowssmaller,more efficient byte/wordaccesslogictomem-Oory.kK AMOIfthe applicationisdirectly referencingI/OspaceaccessPOacrossarangeofAlphasystemssuchasisdonewiththeXLO5Windowsdevicedrivers,thenthedriverwillneedtoknowNOhowtodo swizzlingforold platforms,andbyteaccessforKOnew platforms.*Devicedriversfornewgraphics controllersJO>can specificallytargetand specificallyrequire platformsOObasedonEV6andlaterAlphamicroprocessorsbecauseofthis&O requirement,for instance.L OPleaseseeSection10.22 andVSection14.7"for additionaldetails'Oandrelatedconsiderations.*LF?*LVF?: CM NO14.10CWhatisthelayoutoftheVAXfloatingpointformat?LOUTheVAXfloatingpointformatisderivedfromoneoftheLOPDP-11FPformats,whichhelpsexplainitsstrangelayout.NOTherearefourformatsdefined:)F32-bitsingle-precision,DLO^andG64-bitdouble-precisionandH128-bit quadruplepre-OOcision.*Forallformats,thelowest addressed16-bit``word''NOcontainsthesignandexponent(andforotherthanH,someQOhofthemost significantfractionbits).'Each successivehigher-MO addressedwordcontainsthenext16lesser-significantfrac-ZOtionbits.(Bit15ofthefirstwordisthesign,1for negative,0SOrfor positive.'Zerois representedbyabiasedexponentvalueofTOzeroandasignofzero;thefractionbitsareignored(butonRO#Alpha,non-zerofractionbitsinazerovaluecauseanerror.)QO{Avaluewithbiasedexponentzeroandsignbit1isa``re-ROserved operand''-touchingitcausesanerror-fractionbitsNO-areignored.(Therearenominuszero, infinity, denormalizedOorNaNvalues.aNA 7LOForallformats,thefractionis normalizedandtheradixPOpointassumedtobetotheleftoftheMSB,hencethefol-RO5lowingrange:*0.5lessthanorequaltofandlessthan1.0.LOTheMSB,alwaysbeing1,isnotstored.+Thebinaryexpo-WOnentisstoredwithabiasvaryingwithtypeinbits14:nofthe!O>lowest-addressedword.=FPExponentExponentMantissa% (Fraction)%bits, TypeBits Bias   including%hidden&bitDS:========================================================== F 48 128 o24 D 48 128 o56 +G +11+1024 o+53 sH s15s16384 Js113OtOOThelayoutforDis identicaltothatforFexceptfor32%O additionalfractionbits.P {ROExample:'+1.5inFfloatishex000040C0 (fractionof.11[base)O2],biasedexponentof129)Q FO14.11CWherecanIfindmoreinfoaboutVAXsystems? `{G{HPprovideslimitedVAXplatform informationvialinksAatthe AlphaServerwebsite,itself availablevia:&-http://www.hp.com/go/server/ `AJimAgnew maintainsaMicroVAX/VAXstationFAQat:5+http://www.people.vcu.edu/~agnew/MVAX/MVAX_]FAQ.HTML `0The VAXstation3100Owner'sGuide:?55http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-i.html `E VAXstation3520and VAXstation3540 (Firefox)Manual:7 -http://starfish.osfn.org/rcs/VAX/vs3540sg.pdf `$VAXConsole information:A7http://www.mcmanis.com/chuck/computers/vaxen/panels.htm `dEdAfieldguidetoPDP-11(andVAX)Q-busandUNIBUS&modulescanbefoundat:8.http://metalab.unc.edu//pub/academic/computer-9n/science/history/pdp-11/hardware/field-guide.txt `;VariousVAX historical information(alsosee)Section2.1)Ecanbefoundat:3)http://telnet.hu/hamster/vax/e_index.html*Q)|?Y3RGO14.12CWherecanIfind informationonNetBSDforVAXR(systems??OGunnar Helliesen maintainsaNetBSDVAXFAQatWS- `m"mhttp://vaxine.bitcon.no/q  oT EHO14.13CWhatsystemdisksizelimitontheMicroVAXandR( VAXstation3100?JOSystemdiskslargerthan1.073 gigabytes (GB)-1fffffhex-LOidecimalblocks-arenot supportedonanymemberoftheMO^ VAXstation3100seriesandoncertainoldermembersoftheOOMicroVAX3100series,andarenotreliableontheseaffectedOOsystems.'(Seebelowtoidentifytheaffected systems-themoreHOhrecentmembersoftheMicroVAX3100seriessystemsareONOT affected.)U! aHOVariousoftheSCSIcommandsusedbythebootdriversEOimbeddedintheconsolePROMonallmembersoftheEO5 VAXstation3100seriesuse"Group0" commands,whichROallowa21bitblocknumberfield,whichallowsaccesstotheQOfirst1fffff hexidecimalblocksofadisk.)Anydisk referencesOO>past1fffffwill wrap-thiswrapping behaviourcanbeofpar-QOticularinterestwhenwritingasystem crashdumpfile,asthisLOcan potentiallyleadtosystemdisk corruptionsshouldanyIOHpartofthe crashdumpfilebelocatedbeyond1.073GB.V! KOMorerecentsystemsandconsolePROMsuse"Group1"SCSIDO commands,whichallowa32bitblocknumberfield.W WIOTherewasasimilar limitationamongtheoldestoftheKOMicroVAX3100series,butaconsolebootPROMwasphasedQO5into productionandwasmade availableforfieldretrofits-thisJOPROMupgradeallowstheuseofthe"Group1"SCSIcom-LOmands,andthuslargersystemdisks.)TherewasnosimilarPROMupgradeforthe VAXstation3100series.bX88OSystemsthatareaffectedbythislimit:Y! @ `mEm VAXstation3100series,allmembers.'NoPROMupgradeis available. `EAEMicroVAX3100models10and20.)NoPROMupgradeis available. `?MicroVAX3100models10eand20e..OnlysystemsJvwithconsoleVMBversionspriortoV6.4are affected.)AKPROMupgradeforthesespecificsystemsis(orwasonce)' available.=ZOAlsoseet[J `m?m5http://www.whiteice.com/~williamwebb/intro/DOC-i.htmlT\*OAlsosee}Section9.5.*\}F|?  ] ` >O14.14CWhataretheVAX processor(CPU)codes?DCPU: Platform:-----p ---------7KA41-A%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10&and%208KA41-B%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10%and%20dKA41-C%:% InfoServer9KA41-D%:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&10e%and%20e:KA41-E%:% VAXserver%3100%Model%10e%and&20e9<KA42-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%30%and&409KA42-B%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%38%and&480KA43-A%:% VAXstation&3100%Model%765KA45p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&30&and%40.\KA46p:% VAXstation&4000%Model%60,KA47p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&80(KA48p:% VAXstation&4000%VLC43KA49-A%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%90/90A0{KA49-B%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%950KA49-C%:% VAXstation&4000%Model%96, KA50p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&90,SKA51p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&95(KA52p:%VAX%4000%Model%100(KA53p:%VAX%4000%Model%105(+KA54p:%VAX%4000%Model%106,sKA55p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&85,KA56p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&96(KA57p:%VAX%4000%Model%108,KKA58p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&88,KA59p:%MicroVAX%3100&Model&98KA85p:%VAX%8500# KA86p:%VAX%8600k KA88p:%VAX%88001 KA600J:%VAX%4000-50%(aka& VAXbrick)< KA610J:%MicroVAX%I,% VAXstation&I%(aka%KD32)#C KA620J:%rtVAX%(VAXeln)! KA62AJ:%VAX%6000-200! KA62BJ:%VAX%6000-3001 KA630J:%MicroVAX%II,% VAXstation%II3b KA640J:%MicroVAX%3300,%MicroVAX%3400V KA650J:% VAXstation&3200,&MicroVAX&3500,&MicroVAX&3600,&MicroVAX&III! KA64AJ:%VAX%6000-400D: KA655J:%MicroVAX%3800,%MicroVAX%3900,%MicroVAX%III+! KA65AJ:%VAX%6000-5003 KA660J:%VAX% 4000-200,&VAX%4&upgrade! KA66AJ:%VAX%6000-600!Z KA670J:%VAX%4000-300! KA675J:%VAX%4000-400! KA680J:%VAX%4000-500"2KA681J:%VAX% 4000-500A!zKA690J:%VAX%4000-600"KA691J:%VAX% 4000-605A" KA692J:%VAX% 4000-700A"RKA693J:%VAX% 4000-605A"KA694J:%VAX% 4000-705AKA730J:% VAX-11/730*KA750J:% VAX-11/750+rKA780J:% VAX-11/780,% VAX-11/782KA785J:% VAX-11/785!KA7AAJ:%VAX%7000-600!IKA7ABJ:%VAX%7000-700!KA7ACJ:%VAX%7000-800KA800J:%VAXrta)!KA820J:%VAX%8200,%VAX&8300)iKA825J:%VAX%8250,%VAX&8350KA865J:%VAX%8650^^w4EO14.15CWherecanIgetsoftwareandhardwaresupportR( information?HOPleasecontacttheHPCustomerSupportCenter.+ServicesHOand information,manuals,guides, downloads,andvariousIO^other informationis availableviathesupportlinkat:b_8 `m-m#http://www.hp.com/products/openvms/u`KKOVarioushardwareandsystem documentationis availableat:]a3 `m(mhttp://www.hp.com/go/services/b\FOTSM (TerminalServer Manager),DEChub, DECserver,etc.O information:cV `m9m/http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_archive/d! KOTheownerand maintainerofcurrent DECserverandrelatedBOhardwareisDIGITALNetworkProductsGroup(DNPG):Se) `mmhttp://www.dnpg.com/Kf! !HO14.16CWherecanIgethardwareself-maintenancesupportR( assistance?JOTheHPParts DirectoryandtheHPParts ReferenceGuideJO (arguablythemostdirect descendentsoftheHPAssistedKO^Servicesprogram,oftheCompaqAssistedServicesprogram,EOandofthe now-ancient DECmailerprogram)areavail-NOableto customersthatwishtomaintaintheirown system(s)KOh(self-maintenance),butthatwishsomelevelof assistanceLOin acquiringspecificparts,hardware diagnosticsandhard-POwaremanualsforthe system(s),andthatwishtohaveaccessIOrtosparesand module-levelrepairsforcustomer-performed"Ohardwaremoduleswaps:ga `m%mhttp://www.hp.com/go/parts/ `&http://www.hp.com/buy/parts/hFOTheHPParts ReferenceGuidereplacesthe CAS-CatalogEOand DAS-Catalogpartscatalogsandrelated resources.*iLODetailsofthe availableself-maintenanceprogramsandser-MOvicescanvaryby geographyandbythe particularservicesLO5 channel(s),andcurrentprogram specificsare availableviaOtheaboveURLs.jGO14.17CWhydoesmysystemhaltwhenI power-cycletheR(console terminal?MOVariousVAXandAlphaconsolesaredesignedtoprocessthe=OBREAKsignal,treatingitasaHALTrequest.kXHOABREAKisadeliberately-generatedseriallineframingOerror. lOOWhenaseriallinedevicesuchasaterminalpowersup(orFO sometimeswhenpoweringdown)itcangenerateframingIO5errors.+TheseframingerrorsareindistingushablefromaOBREAKsignal.mWOOWhenaBREAKisreceivedonaseriallineconsoleforvar-DOiousVAXsystems-includingmost VAXstation, MicroVAX,MO5andVAX4000 series-itis typically interpretedasaHALT.NOAlphasystemswillalsooftenprocessaBREAKinasimilar)Ofashion,haltingthesystem.Sn! )QOThereisnouniformorgenerally-availablewaytodisablethisKO behaviouroneveryVAXorAlphasystem.(Onsomesystems,LO5BREAK processingcanbedisabledinfavorof [CTRL/P],orAO[CTRL/P]istheonlywaytohaltthe processor.o! tOOThemostcommonwaytoavoidthesehaltsistodisabletheOOseriallineconsoleortosimplynot power-cycletheconsoleKO5 terminal.)Thereiscertain importantsystemstateinforma-ROtionthatis displayedonlyontheconsole,OpenVMSexpectsto9Oalwayshaveaccesstothesystemconsole.Tp*OAlsosee}Section5.6.*p}F|? q! JO14.18CCanIreuseold keyboards,miceandmonitorswithR(aPC?JOOlderHP keyboards(thosewiththeDIGITALlogoandtheKORJmodularjacks),olderHPmice(thosewiththeDIGITALNO^logoandwiththeRJmodularjacks,orwithaDINconnec-NOtorwithpinsina configurationotherthanthe PC-standardIODIN connectorpin orientation),andoldervideomonitorsLOh(withRGBsynch-on-greenvideo signaling)alluse signalingMOformatsand/orcommunications protocolsthatdifferfromthePOPC standards,andarenot(easily)interchangablenor(easily)NOr compatiblewithtypicalPC peripheraldevice controllers.'TheGOLK201andLK401 keyboards,theVSXXXseriesmice,theLO#VR260andVR290 monitors,etc.,are incompatiblewithmost6O{PCsystemsandwithmostKVM switches.r! FONewerHP(andCompaq) keyboards(thosewithwithPC-HOstyleDINplugs,andtheHP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo),DO5newerHPmice(withPC-pinDINplugs,andtheHP,KOCompaqorDIGITALlogo),andnewervideomonitors(multi-OOsynch,usuallywithaVGAorSVGA connection,orlater)areJO>ofteninterchangeablewith "industry standard"PCsystems,MOandcanoftenbeusedwithmostPC peripheraldevicecon-FO trollers.'LK461,LK463,LK46W,LK471, PC7XS-CA,VRC16,KOHVRC21, TFT-seriesLCD flat-panel displays,etc.,aretypi-LOcally reasonably compatiblewithmostPCsystems,andwillMOusuallyperformasexpectedwithinthelimitsofthehard-JORware.,(FordetailsofCRTandLCDdisplaycompatibility,OpleaseseeSection14.19.)*rm?{sGORuleofthumb:-ifthe peripheraldevice componentwasFOsoldforusewiththeDEC2000(DECpc150AXP),anNO5 AlphaServerseries,an AlphaStationseries,oramorerecentKOAlphasystem,itwillprobablyworkwithaPC peripheralLO controllerorwitha PC-compatibleKVMswitch.(Ifthepe-KO>ripheraldevice componentwassoldforusewithanVT420HOorolder terminal,mostVAX,most VAXstation,andmostIOAlphasystemswithnamesintheformatDEC [four-digit-MOHnumber],itprobablywon'tworkonaPCsystemorwithaO PC-compatibleKVM.ltBRONotethattheaboveisageneral guideline,andshouldnotbeQOreadtoindicatethatany particular peripheraldevicewillorPO5willnotworkinany particularconfiguration,saveforthoseOOspecificconfigurationsthedeviceis explicitly supportedin.u NOOSoftware IntegratorssellsavideoadaptercardcalledGeminiJOP1whichwilldrivemanyoftheolderHP(DIGITAL-logo)7O5fixed-frequencymonitorsonaPCsystem:Sv) `mmhttp://www.si87.com/wAOTheDIGITAL(classic 2-5-2-style)partnumber29-JO32549-01convertstheoutputfromtheRGBcable(3BNC,CO5synch-on-green)thatcomeswiththe VAXstation3100KOand VAXstation4000seriestoafemaleSVGAD connector.MOYoumaybeabletofind third-party convertersoradaptersFO>(3BNCswithsynch-on-green signalingto5BNCswith.O VGA/SVGA,orto15-pin VGA/SVGA.xWCOThisadapterwillallowPC multisyncmonitorswithIOtheneeded frequencyspecificationstobeusedwiththeDO5 VAXstationseriessynch-on-greenvideo connection..ItLOmaywellalsoworkwitha VAXstation2000seriessystems,KObut specificsand performanceofthat combinationarenot0O> immediatelyknownatthiswriting. y! JOTheprotocol definitionfortheoldDIGITALkeyboardandNOmouse interfacesisburiedatthebackoftheQDSSsectionQO5intheold VAXstationIImanual, specifically,inthebackofEOtheVCB02Video Subsystem TechnicalManual (EK-104AA-OOTM).ThekeyboardwiringandprotocolisinappendixB,andRO>occupiescirca44pages.&ThemouseisinappendixC,circa12Opages.Vz,OAlsosee}Section14.19.*z}F?{m {! 2DO14.19CWhichvideomonitorworkswithwhichgraphicsR( controller?OOTo determinetheanswertothe``willthisvideomonitororPOthisLCDpanelworkwiththisgraphics controller?''& question,PO^pleasefirstlocatethe resolution(s)andthe frequenciesthatROarepossible/supportedatbothendsofthevideocable(ontheOOdisplayandonthegraphics controller,inotherwords),andNOhthen determineifthereareanymatchingsettings available.LOIftherearemultiplematches,youwillneedto determine>Owhichoneismost appropriateforyourneeds.R| (KOYouwillalsoneedto determineifthevideomonitororKOgraphics controllerrequiresthe3BNC signalingwiththePO5synchronizationsignalsonthegreenwire,orthe5BNCsig-JOnalingcommononmanyPCs,orother connectionssuchasLOtheDB15video connectororUSB connectorusedonvariousIO>systems.,(BNC signalingis comparativelyold,butpreva-IOlentwithmanyolderhobbyist AlphaStationor VAXstationOconfigurations.)}POIftherearenomatches,youwilllikelyneedtochangetheCOhardwareatoneorbothendsofthevideocable.~ NOOTherefresh frequenciesformanydeviceshavebeenpostedtoHO comp.os.vmsand/orother newsgroups.)Searchthearchives#O5fordetails.'Alsosee:g[ = `m#mhttp://www.repairfaq.org/ `(http://www.mirage-mmc.com/faq/ `lNlDhttp://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Foothills/4467/fixedsync.html `8.http://saturn.tlug.org/sunstuff/ffmonitor.html `k5k+http://hawks.ha.md.us/hardware/monitor.htmlafGO LCD-basedand plasma-based flat-paneldisplaysaregen-HOerally compatiblewithallrecentOpenVMSAlphasystemsJO5and supportedgraphics controllers.,Forbestresults,youKOshould generallysetthegraphics controllertomatchtheLOnativeLCDorplasmadisplay resolutionand(forLCDdis-MO>plays)alsosetthe controllerrefreshrateto60Hz.,CheckGOyourgraphics controllerandyourdisplay documentationHOforanydevice-specific requirementsand/or configurationOHrecommendations. NOSomeoftheoldergraphics controllersarounddonotneces-ROsarilygeneratestablesignalsat60Hz,ifthe controllercanJO5evengeneratethatrefreshrate;youmayendupupgrad-ROingtoaless-old controller.((Atleastsomeofthe PowerStormKO3D30and PowerStorm4D20series controllers,for instance,QO>arenot necessarilythebestchoicefor60Hz operationswithIOanLCD,basedon empiricaltestingwithan AlphaStationCOXP1000, PowerStorm3D30,andaTFT2025seriesLCD.IOHDegradedor mismatchedsignalsproducedegraded displays,JO obviously.*Thenewestgraphics controllers compatiblewithNOyour particularsystemare generallybetterchoiceshereforNORusewithLCD;theRadeon7500seriesisagoodchoiceforAOmost EV6-class AlphaStationsystems,for instance.V,OAlsosee}Section14.18.*}F?qfw<HO14.20CWherecanIget informationonstorage hardware?COU InformationonvariousHP(Compaq,DIGITAL)OpenVMSJOandotherdiskstoragehardwareand controllers,andre-OOlated technical informationonSCSI,devicejumpers,etc.,isO^ availableat:K `m&mhttp://theref.aquascape.com/ _UNote _Awthe aquascapewebsiteappearstohavebecomeun-C available,andtheFAQ maintainerisunawareofa?(newor replacementserver.+YoumayormaynotEhavesomesuccesslookingforthisorofanyother=now-unavailablesitesusingthe world-wideweb2archivesat:`6 m!Ymhttp://www.archive.org/ =O14.21CWhydoesmyLK401keyboard unexpectedlyR( autorepeat?2OThereareseveralmodesoffailure:  `mNmPressing2and3keysatthesametimecausesonekeytoE autorepeatwhen released.)CheckthehardwarerevisionMlevelprintedonthebottomofthe keyboard.)Iftherevi-KwsionlevelisC01,thekeyboardfirmwareisbroken.)CallIfieldservicetoreplacethekeyboardwithanyrevision"(levelotherthanC01. `FPressingcertainkeysisalwaysbroken.)Typicalsymp-Ktomsare:'deletealwayscausesa autorepeat,returnneedsOYtobepressedtwice,etc.'Thisis frequentlycausedbyhav-Mingkeys depressedwhilethekeyboardisbeing initialized.H Pressing^F2severaltimesor unpluggingand repluggingFbthekeyboard frequentlyfixthisproblem.+(EnsureyouLhavecurrentECOkitsapplied;thereisapatch available"tofixthis problem.) `CAkeythatwasworking spontaneouslystopsworkingK correctly.)Thismaybeeitherofthetwopreviouscases,KDoritmaybebadconsole firmware.(EnsurethatyouhaveGthemostrecentfirmware installedonyourAlphasys-Jtem.(In particular,anoldversionoftheDEC3000SRMGMfirmwareisknowntohaveabugthatcancausethis!keyboard misbehaviour.rXP .;OTable14-4:7DE500SpeedandDuplexSettings O OF EWx0_MODEsettingaFMeaning Ob O Twisted-Pair&a10 Mbit/sec, nofull_duplex%O$FullDuplex, Twisted-Pair$a$10 Mbit/sec, full_duplex OAUI&a10 Mbit/sec, nofull_duplex OBNC&a10 Mbit/sec, nofull_duplexOFast'a100 Mbit/sec, nofull_duplex O FastFD(FullDuplex)%a 100 Mbit/sec, full_duplexOAuto-Negotiate+a Negotiationwithremotedevice O ^c9GO14.22CProblem-MyLK411sendsthewrongkeycodesorR(somekeysaredeadFOCheckthefirmwarerevisiononthe keyboard.+HardwareHOrevisionB01 introducedanincompatabilitywiththede-MO^vicedriverwhichcausesthekeyboardtonotbe recognizedMO correctly.-Thereisapatch availabletofixthisproblem:GO[AXPDRIV06_061]-thefixisalsoincludedinOpenVMSHOhV6.2.+TherevA01 keyboard,andtheLK450shouldworkOwithout problems.NLOIfyouareworkingfromanother operatingsystem platform,IOpleaseseetheDECxtermtoolandrelated informationon"O5OpenVMSFreewareV5.0. )CO14.23CWhichDE500variantworkswithwhichOpenVMSR(version?KOEnsureyouhaveaversionoftheAlphaSRMconsolewithJOsupportfortheDE500seriesdevice.)ApplyALL mandatoryKO^ECOkitsfortheOpenVMSversioninuse,andalsoapplyEOtheCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,andALPLANkits,andapplyany:O availableALPCPUECOkitforthe platform. H  `mmDE500-XA0auto-detection,noauto-negotiation,@OpenVMSV6.2-1H1andALPBOOTECO,alsoV7.0andwlaterandECO.8Devicehardwareid02000011and 02000012..( Componentpartnumber 54-24187-01 `DE500-AA,auto-detection,auto-negotiation,=YOpenVMSV6.2andALPBOOTandALPLANECOs,or%V7.1andlaterandECO.8 Devicehardwareid02000020and 20000022..b Componentpartnumber 54-24502-01 `DE500-BA,:auto-detection,auto-negotiation,;OpenVMSV6.2-1H3andCLUSIO,ALPBOOT,ALPLAN@andALPCPUECOs,orV7.1-1H1orlaterandECO.@DDevicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsC DE500-FA)(othervaluesonoldAlphaSRM firmware). Componentpartnumber 54-24602-01 `t:tDE500-FA(100megabitfibreoptic Ethernet)'OpenVMSV7.1-1H1andlater@%Devicehardwareid02000030(check connector,vsB~ DE500-BA)(othervaluespossibleonoldAlphaSRM firmware)./  Componentpartnumber 54-24899-01 JOTochecktheDE500devicehardwareidfromOpenVMS,use"Othe followingcommand:Oa$&ANALYZE/SYSTEM%OSDA>&SHOW%LAN/DEVICE=EWc:d::OThe ``hardware version''willbe displayed. QOTosettheDE500speedandduplexsettingsviathe associated:OAlphaSRMconsole environment variable,seeTable14-4.*?[H1?OTooverridetheconsolesettinganduseLANCP:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP,OWLANCP>%SET&DEVICE% EWA0/SPEED=10/OLANCP>%DEFINE&DEVICE% EWA0/SPEED=109OLANCP>%SET&DEVICE%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplex%DEFINE&DEVICE%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplexI IOFastEthernet (100Base,100megabit) controllerssuchasMOtheDE500serieshaveapairof connectionsavailable-whileJO5 traditionalEthernet(10Base,10megabit)is inherentlyaNO half-duplex protocol,FastEthernetcanbe configuredtouseMOoneorbothofthe available connections, dependingontheLO> controller.+FastEthernetcanthusbehalf-or full-duplexLO dependingonthe configurationandthe capabilitiesoftheHOnetwork controllerandtheEthernetnetworkplant.+SomeJOHFastEthernet controllerscanalsooperateat traditionalROEthernetspeeds,these controllersarethusoftenreferedtoas(O10/100Ethernet controllers.% &FO14.24CHowdoIsetthespeedandduplexonOpenVMSR(I64?EOOpenVMSI64on IntegrityserversdoesnotprovideaKO console-level environmentvariableakintotheSRMconsoleMO^ variablesusedtomanagethenetworkspeedandduplexset-FOtingsonOpenVMSAlphaandAlphasystems.(OnOpenVMSOOI64on Integrityservers,LANCPisusedtomanagethespeedCOhandtheduplexsettingofthenetwork controllers."O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP,O5LANCP>%SET&DEVICE% EWA0/SPEED=10/O}LANCP>%DEFINE&DEVICE% EWA0/SPEED=109OLANCP>%SET&DEVICE%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplex%DEFINE&DEVICE%EWA0/SPEED=100/full_duplex( JOThe EFI-levelnetwork bootstrap operationsforanetwork-IObasedupgradeora network-based installationofOpenVMSRO5I64requiretheuseofautonegotiationandaswitchcapableofO supportingit.uK OSeeSection14.23&forarelated discussion.*F?7^)OTable14-5:7DECMMJPin-out O OFPin Description Ob  O1&DataTerminalReady(DTR) O$2$Transmit(TXD) O3"TransmitGround(TXD-) O4!ReceiveGround(RXD-) O5Receive(RXD) O 6! DataSetReady(DSR) O1 (OTable14-6:7PCDB9Pin-out O OFPin Description Ob  O1&DataCarrierDetect(DCD) O$2$ReceivedData O3TransmitData O4&DataTerminalReady(DTR) O5Ground O 6! DataSetReady(DSR) O7"RequestToSend(RTS) O8ClearToSend Ox9xfloating O Z@.OTable14-7:7MicroVAXDB9Pin-out O OFPin Description Ob  O1 ProtectiveGround O$2$ TransmitedData O3ReceivedData O4"RequestToSend(RTS) O5&DataTerminalReady(DTR) O 6! DataSetReady(DSR) O7SignalGround O8EShortedtopin9onMicroVAXand VAXstation2000... Ox99x ...seriessystems, otherwiseleft floating. O k' ]-O14.25C Third-party or Unsupported-R(#disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?FOAwidevarietyof third-partyandformally-unsupportedIO widgets-SCSIand ATA/ATAPI(IDE)disksandtapes,graph-MO^ics controllers,etc-are obviouslywidely available,andare'Ousedonvarious platforms.! MOIfyoupurchase third-partyor unsupportedorgenericSCSI,KO ATA/ATAPI(IDE)storagedevices,youandyourdeviceven-SO5dorwillbe responsibleforthetestingandthesupportoftheQOdevices.'Ingeneral,youcanexpectthatHPwilladdressnon-COstandards-complianceproblemswithinOpenVMS(changesLO>thatwillalsonotprevent operationswithother supportedOOdevices,ofcourse),butyouand/orthedevicevendorand/orNOthedevice manufacturerare responsibleforfindingandfix-JOHingproblemsinthe particular third-partydeviceandorO controller involved.! a~NOIn particular,realizethatneitherSCSInor ATA/ATAPI(IDE)POisa particularlystandard interface,these interfacestendtoJO5bea collectionofoptionally-implementedand standardizedLO interface features.*Youshouldnotandcannotsimplyas-HOsumethatallSCSInor ATA/ATAPI(IDE)storagedevicesRO>areinterchangeable.'IfyouwanttotrytouseagenericSCSISOdevice,useV6.2orlater,or(better)V7.1-2orlater.*IfyouIOwishtotrytouse ATA/ATAPI(IDE),useOpenVMSV7.1-2OHorlater.jIOOnolderOpenVMS releases,seethediskcapacitylimitsO(Section~9.5).*j|?/NOWithSCSIdisksonreleasespriortoV6.2,ensurethatyouEOhavetheARREandARWEsettings configured correctlyNO5 (disabled).+(Ifnot,youwillseeDRVERRfataldriveerrors$Oanderrorlog entries.) NLOSomeSCSIdiskssetthemediumtypebyteaspartoftheKOSCSIsize field-thisisaSETCAPACITY extensiontoSCSIJO5specs.'ThisproblemalsoappliestoVAXV7.1andlater.3 KODiskswithSCSIdisksizespast8.58GBand/orwiththeDOSETCAPACITY extensionrequire ALPSCSI07ECOorthe;O5OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2orlaterrelease.((See5Section9.5 e5forOfurther details.)*}?4 * JOBasedonthedisplaysofthe(undocumented) SYS$ETC:SCSI_NOINFOtool;thistoolispresentinOpenVMSV6.2andlater:VOaIssuing&6-byte%MODE&SENSE&QIOW%to%get&current%values&for%page&01h,TPage%Code&.................&01hDTPage%Name&.................& Read-Write%Error%Recovery+T9Saveable%..................&Yes*TSize%......................&10GTHex&Data%..................&E6&08&50&00&00&00&08&00j00&00l nJOTheE6shown indicatesthattheAWREandARREbitsareOOset,andthisis incompatiblewithOpenVMSversionspriortoLO5V6.2.)Furtheralonginthesame SCSI_INFOdisplay,ifyouOalsosee:YOIssuing&6-byte%MODE&SENSE&QIOW%to%get& changeable%values&for%page&81h,TZPage%Code&.................&01hDTPage%Name&.................& Read-Write%Error%Recovery+TSaveable%..................&Yes*T2Size%......................&10GTzHex&Data%..................&C0&08&50&00&00&00&08&00j00&00 WHOTheC0valuemeansthattheAWREandARREvaluescanOObechangedonthis particularSCSIdevice.*(Thisisnotal-RO5waysthecase.)(Ifthebitsareset,youcanuseRZDISKfromKOtheOpenVMS Freeware,andcanresettheE6flagbytetoIO hexadecimal26(orwhateverthe remainingmaskwhenyou+O>removebitsC0)onpageone.WHOEachSCSIand ATA/ATAPI(IDE)hostcontains non-trivialHOSCSIandIDEdriver software,andeachdevicecontainsEO5equally non-trivial firmware-takentogetherwiththeGO mechanicaland electronic components,thissoftwareandLOfirmwarewill determinewhetherornota particulardevice'O>willfunctionas expected.aIOAlsonotethatvarious devices-suchasvariousSCSICD-IORdevices-can implementandcanrequirevendor-specificKO5protocol extensions,andthese extensionscanrequiremod-MO ificationstoOpenVMSortheadditionofvarious utilities.LOInvariousofthesecases,thesedevicesperform functionsHO>thatwillrequirethemtouseSCSIor ATA/ATAPI(IDE)FOcommandsthatare (hopefully)architecturally-compatibleFOSCSIor ATA/ATAPI(IDE)command extensions.*(AlsoseeOHSection7.1 HandHSection9.7.)*O |?}* |? LOSomeSCSItapeslackodd-bytetransfersupport,makingop-FOerationswithOpenVMS problematicatbest,asOpenVMSHO5expectsodd-bytesupport.*ExamplesofsuchincludeLTO-NO1devicessuchastheHPUltrium230seriestape,andtheMODLTVS80seriestapes.*Duetothelackofodd-bytetrans-JO>fersupport,LTO-1devicesarenot supportedbyOpenVMS.JOLTOdevicesintheLTO-2andlaterseriesdo reportedlyMO presentlyallhaveodd-bytetransfersupport,and operationsPOHare reportedlyrathereasier.'Docheckforformalsupport,ofOcourse.\IOInorderforOpenVMSto officiallysupporta particularHOdevice, integrationandtestingworkis mandated.-ThereLO5canbeno certaintythatany particulardevicewilloper-OOateasexpectedinany particular configurationwithoutfirst0O performingthis (non-trivial)work. NSOItisquitepossibletofindtwo devices-bothentirely compliantJOwith applicable standardsor interfacedocuments-thatwillO5not interoperate. HOThesamegeneral statementholdsforOpenVMS bootstrap-IOpingonan unsupportedVAXorAlpha platform.*ItmightKO5ormightnotwork.*In particular,pleaseseetheOpenVMSNOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthelistof platformsGO supportedbyOpenVMS.OpenVMSisnot supportedontheKO>Personal Workstation-aseries,ontheDigitalServerse-OOries platforms,onthe AlphaServer2100series5/375CPU,onMOtheMultia,onthe AlphaServerDS20L,andonavarietyofOOHother platforms.((Youmightormightnotseesuccessbooting2OOpenVMSonanyofthese platforms.)I @O14.25.1CListsof third-partywidgetsonOpenVMS?GO4Variousfolkshave successfullyusedcommon third-partyMOdiskdiskdeviceswithOpenVMS,suchastheATA(IDE)andKOSCSIvariantsoftheIomegaZip250 removablediskdevice. COCommonSCSI CD-R/CD-RWdevicessuchasthePlextorIO PlexWriter 12/10/32SSCSIseriesandtheHPDVD200ise-KO5ries (recordingCD-R)havealsobeen successfullyutilizedKOwithvarious AlphaStationand VAXstationsystems,andwithGOtoolssuchas CDRECORD.(APlextor PlexWriterburnofNO> 614400000bytes(300000sectors)requiresjustoversixmin-IOutesat12x,usingan AlphaStationXP1000666MHzEV67)Osystem UltraSCSIhost.),(SeeSection9.7"fordetaileddis-IOHcussionsof recordingopticalmediaonOpenVMS,andtheO availabletools.)*~?pNOIfyouchoosetoattempttouse third-partydevices,ensureIOthatyouhavethemostcurrentOpenVMSversionandthePO5mostcurrentECOkit(s)applied.)InthespecificcaseoftheJOATA(IDE)IomegaZip250drive,ensurethatyouhavethe?Omostcurrentrevisionof SYS$DQDRIVER installed.?O14.25.2CArethe 2X-KZPCA-AAand SN-KZPCA-AALVD(Ultra2SCSI?OOYes.(Bothofthese controllersareUltra2 low-voltagediffer-+Oential(LVD)SCSI controllers.;O14.25.3C ResolvingDRVERRfataldeviceerror?JO4IfthisisonanOpenVMSversionpriortoV6.2,pleaseGOseetheAWREandARRE informationincludedinsectionOSection14.25.*O?Z $ BOTable14-8:7 DECconnectMMJ ConnectorsandAdapters O OFPart3bFConvertsBC16EMMJmaletofitinto Ob OH8571-AhbEIA232DB2525-pinfemale (common)." FunctionallysimilartotheH8575-A,thoughthe/bH8575-AhasbetterESD shielding.OqH8571-BgbqOlderMicroVAX(otherthantheMicroVAX2000)DB9EIA232serialport.# FunctionallyXbsimilartotheH8575-B,thoughtheH8575-BhasbetterESD shielding.  Note:"CannotbeIb  usedonaPC,Alphanor IntegrityDB99-pin connector.OH8571-C5b25pinDSUBFemaletoMMJ, UnfilteredOH8571-D.bEIA23225pinmale (modem-wired)OzH8571-E3bz25pinDSUBFemaletoMMJ,FilteredOH8571-JTbPC,Alpha, Integrity9pin(DB9)male (PC-styleCOMserialport)!w  Note:"Cannotbeused9bA ontheolderMicroVAXDB99-pin connectorOH8572-04bBC16EMMJ double-female(MMJ extender)O4H8575-Ahb4EIA232DB2525-pinfemale (common)." FunctionallysimilartotheH8571-A,thoughthe/bH8575-AhasbetterESD shielding.OH8575-BgbOlderMicroVAX(otherthantheMicroVAX2000)DB9EIA232serialport.# FunctionallyXbIsimilartotheH8571-B,thoughtheH8575-BhasbetterESD shielding. I Note:"CannotbeHb usedonaPC,Alphanor IntegrityDB99-pin connectorOH8575-D9b25PintoMMJwithbetterESD ProtectionOH8575-D>b25PintoMMJwithbetterandESD ProtectionO H8575-Ehb 25Pin Integrityrx2600 Management Processor(MP)porttoMMJ,withESD Protection7O~ H8577-AA6pinFemaleMMJto8pinMJO BC16E- : **Hb MMJcablewith connectors, availableinvariouslengths O P! ;O14.26CLookingfor connectorwiring pin-outs?BOUThe DECconnectDEC-423ModifiedModularJack(MMJ)OOappearssimilartoatelphoneornetworkmodularjac,thoughLOwiththekeyoffsettooneside.)The DECconnectMMJcon-)O^nectorpin-outislistedin^Table14-5,$^withanend-onviewofGOthe connectorpinsandthe connectorkeyshownbelow.*!?yj+------------------+ |&1K2K3K4K5K6%|+------------+++`+____+! MOTheBC16E-nn(wherethe``-nn'' indicatesthecablelength)ROcablingandkeying``flipsover''or``crosses-over''thesignalNOiwires,andthisallowsall DECconnectMMJ connectionstobeOOwired identically;theendsoftheBC16Eare symmetricalandSOfullyinterchangeable,andallowseitherendofthecabletobeQOr connectedeithertotheterminalortothehost.) Specifically,?OtheBC16E-nn cross-overwiringlookslikethis:zPTerminalJPHost zMMJ JMMJ8 DTR%1&--->---------->----------->---%6&DSR8 ITXD%2&--->---------->----------->---%5&RXD.3&------------------------------%4.4&------------------------------%38 !RXD%5&---<----------<-----------<---%2&TXD8 iDSR%6&---<----------<-----------<---%1&DTRK !HO DECconnectpartsand connectionsare availablefromHP,NOandMMJcrimpingdiesforuseintypical telco-stylecrimp-LO5ingtools,andMMJ connectors,are availablefromBlackbox?Oandfromothercommunications equipmentvendors.NGOThe PC-compatibleDB9 connectorpin-outfoundonAlphaKOand IntegrityCOMserial ports-andonmostPCsystemsisO5listedin}5Table14-6.*}?h>HOTheMicroVAXDB9console connectorpin-outpredatesthe:OPC-styleDB9pin-out (adapters discussedinSection14.27),EO<andusesa then-common(andolder)standardpin-out,GOandusestheEIA-232seriesstandardsignalsshowninOTable14-7.*?*O?V ,POWhenpin8isshortedtopin9,thisisaBCC08(orvari-LOant)cable,mostcommonlyusedasaconsolecableontheIO<MicroVAX2000and VAXstation2000series.'(OthersystemsGOmayormaynottolerate connectingpin8topin9.)(OTheBN24Hlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------8/ 2---------2/ 3---------1/I 4---------3/ 5---------6/ 6---------7(OTheBN24Jlookslikethis: MMJRJ45/q 1---------7/ 2---------6/ 3---------3/I 4---------1/ 5---------2/ 6---------8>OAlsosee:" `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ `.$http://www.airborn.com.au/rs232.html `l)lhttp://www.stanq.com/cable.html `.Foradaptersand connectors,seeSection14.27.*?  2IO14.27CWhat connectorsandwiringadaptersare available?EOUTheH8571-BandH8575-Bconvertthe(non-2000-series)?OMicroVAXDB9tothe DECconnectDEC-423ModifiedBOModularJack(MMJ)pin-out;totheMMJ DECconnect?O^wiringsystem.0TheMicroVAX2000and VAXstationMO2000requiresaBCC08cable(whichhasthe8-9short,seeOSection14.26)7ZandtheH8571-CortheH8571-DDB25-to-LOhMMJadapterforusewith DECconnect.((Fora discussionofOOtheconsolebulkheadontheMicroVAXIIseriesandonother8Oclosely-relatedseriessystems,pleaseseeSection 14.3.3.4.)*O?*?k AGOSomewhatlessancientHP(HP,CompaqorDIGITALlogo)LOsystemswilluseeitherthe DECconnectMMJwiringdirectlyIO5or-onmost(all?))recentsystem designs-the PC-compatibleKODB99-pinpin-out;thePC-styleCOMserialport interfaceOand connection.! vMOTherearetwoDB99-pin pin-outs,thatoftheH8571-BandLOsimilarfortheMicroVAXandotherandoldersystems,andOO5thatoftheH8571-JforthePC-styleCOMport, AlphaStation,LO Integrity,andothernewersystems.'TheolderMicroVAXDB9BOandthePC-styleDB9pin-outsarenot compatible.C KONumerous additionaladaptersandcablesare availablefrom$Othe(nowoutofprint),}OPEN DECconnectBuildingWiring0O< Componentsand ApplicationsCatalog'<,aswellas descriptions'Oofthe above-listedparts. NLOThe DECconnectwiringsystemhas insufficient signalingforIOmodems,and particularlylackssupportformodemcontrolO5signals. NGOTheH8571-AandH8575-AareMMJtoDB25(female)andIOother connectorwiringdiagramsand adapter-,cable-and;O5pin-out-related discussionsare availableat:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/NIOJamecohasofferedaUSB-AtoPS/2MiniDIN6AdapterSO(aspart168751),forthosefolkswishingto(tryto)usePS/2-O5 KeyboardsviaUSB-A connections.P &POTheLK463USBkeyboardisalsoa potentialoption,forthoseGOwishingtoconnectanOpenVMSkeyboardtoUSBsystemsKO5or(viatheprovidedadapter)toPS/2systems.+TheLK463JOprovidestheclassicOpenVMSkeyboardandkeyboardlayoutGOon USB-basedsystemconfigurations, including operationsHO>withtheUSB connectiononspecificAlphasystems(andNO specificallyonthosewith supportedUSB connections)andonO Integrityservers. NOFor informationontheAlphaconsoleCOMport(s)oronthe*OVAXconsoleport,pleasesee[Section14.3.*[?nxCO14.28CWhatisflowcontrolandhowdoesitwork?5OUXON/XOFFisonekindofflowcontrol. "OInASCII,XONisthe |C  |ETCTRL/Q ET | ( character,andXOFFisthe O OTfCTRL/S `T O b.#IOXON/XOFFflowcontrolis typically associatedwithasyn-COchronousseriallinecommunications.-XON/XOFFisanOO5in-bandflowcontrol,meaningthattheflowcontrolismixedOinwiththedata..LOCTS/RTSisanothertypeofflowcontrol,andis sometimesDOcalledhardwareflowcontrol.. Out-of-bandmeansthatMO5seperate lines/pinsfromthedatalines(pins)areusedto'OcarrytheCTS/RTSsignals.&! POBothkindsofflowcontrolare triggeredwhena thresholdisNOreachedintheincomingbuffer.)TheflowcontrolissupposeQO5toreachthe transmitterintimetohaveitstop transmittingTObeforethereceiverbufferisfullanddataislost.*Later,af-VOtera sufficientamountofthe receiver'sbufferisfreedup,theSO>resumeflowcontrolsignalissenttogetthe transmittergoingOagain.! tEODECnetPhaseIVonOpenVMSVAXsupportstheuseofIO asynchronousserialcommunicationsasanetworkline;ofEO5asynchDECnet.)The communicationdevices(eg.)modems,Oanddrivers)'mustnot-be configuredforXON/XOFFflowMOcontrol.'The incidenceofthese (unexpected)in-bandcharac-RO>terswillcorruptdatapackets.(Further,theseriallinedeviceFOdriversmightnormallyremovetheXONandXOFFchar-NOactersfromthestreamforterminal applications,butDECnet+OH configuresthedrivertopass dHall'H charactersthroughandre-LOquiresthatall charactersbe permitted.'(The communicationFOdevicesmustpassthroughnotonlytheXONandXOFF'OR characters,theymustpass )Rall+R characters includingthe8-bitNO characters.'Ifdata compressionis happening,itmustrepro-POducethesourcestreamexactly.'Noadditionor eliminationof;O[null characters,andfulldata transparency. teGOAnEthernetnetworkisrather differentthananasyn-NOchronousserialline.+Ethernet specifiesthecontrolofdataGO5flowonasharedsegmentusingCSMA/CD(CarrierSenseLOMultipleAccess,with CollisionDetect)AnEthernetstationROthatisreadytotransmitlistensforaclearchannel(CarrierKO>Sense)..Whenthechannelisclear,thestationbeginstoNOtransmitby assertingacarrierandencodingthepacketap-RO propriately.(Thestation concurrentlylistenstoitsownsignal,OOHtopermitthestationtodetectifanotherstationbegantoOOtransmitatthesame time-thisiscalled collision detection.NO(The collisioncorruptsthesignalinawaythatcanreli-PORablybe detected.)*Upon detectingthe collision,bothstationsUOwillstop transmitting,andwillbackoffandtryagainalittleROlater.)(YoucanseealogofthisactivityintheDECnetNCPO[network counters.) anMODECnetprovidesitsownflowcontrol,aboveandbeyondtheNOflowcontrolofthephysicallayer(ifany).,TheendnodesKO5 handshakeatthe beginningto establishatransmitwindowNOsize-anda transmitterwillonlysendthatmuchdatabeforeEOstoppingandwaitingforanacknowledgement.,Theac-LO> knowledgementisonlysentwhenthereceiverhas confirmedIOthepacketisvalid.,(Awell-configuredDECnet generallyKOavoids triggeringany underlying (out-of-band)flowcontrolOH mechanism.) )4O14.29CCDandDVDdevice requirements??OUReadaccesstoDVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW,CD-DOROM,andCD-R/RWdevicesonATAPI(IDE) connectionsGOis generallyhandled transparentlyby SYS$DQDRIVER,andBO^ SYS$DQDRIVERwill transparentlyde-blockthemedia-GOnative2048bytediskblockswiththe512-byteblocksDOexpectedbyOpenVMSandbynativeOpenVMS software.|kR:OReadaccesstoDVD-ROM, DVD+R/RW, DVD-R/RW,COCD-ROM,andCD-R/RWdevicesonSCSIishandledbyCO5 DKDRIVER,though SYS$DKDRIVERwillnot transparentlyMOde-blockthenative 2048-bytediskblocksintothe512-byteIOblocksexpectedbyOpenVMS.Thedriveorexternalsoft-NO>wareisexpectedtoprovidethis de-blocking,thuseitheraKO512-byteblockcapabledrive(suchasall RRD-seriesSCSIJOCD-ROMdrives)is required,orhostsoftwareisrequiredKOHfora 2048-byteblockdrive.* Third-partySCSIdriveswithGOUNIX referencesintheirsupport documentationorwithPOexplicit512-byte selectorsorswicheswill generally(butnot7ORalways,ofcourse)operatewithOpenVMS.WNOAtleastsomeofthePlextor PlexWriterSCSIdrivescanbeIO successfullyaccessed(forreadandwrite)fromOpenVMS,OO5ascanatleastonePioneerSCSIDVDdrive(forCDmedia).JOThePioneerSCSIDVDdriveswitchesto2048byteblocksNOforDVDmedia,anda block-size conversiontool(writtenbyGO>Glenn Everhart)orothersimilartoolcanbeapplied.^IOOpenVMSalsohas supportedHPDVDdrivesfortheATAPIO(IDE)bus.vKOForsomerelated information(anddetailsona commercial+ODVDwrite package),pleasesee:y O `mDm:http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms/supported_hardware.htmlNKONodevicedriver currently presentlypermitsdirectblock-DOoriented recordingonDVD-RAMnorDVD+RWmedia,nor3O5other recordableor rewritablemedia. JO Recording (writing)ofCDandDVDopticalmediarequiresOOa recordingormedia mastering applicationortool,andbothHO5 commercialandnon-commercialoptionsare available.)SeeOSection9.7=forrelateddetailsonCDRECORD(bothnon-DVDNOandDVDversionsare available,andatleastone commercialNO>versionis available),andalsoseeDVDwrite (commercial)or$O DVDRECORD(opensource).*OP|? =OFor informationontheGKDRIVER(SYS$GKDRIVER)HOgenericSCSIdevicedriverandofthethe IO$_DIAGNOSEDO5$qio[w] interfaces(of SYS$DKDRIVER, SYS$DNDRIVERandDO SYS$DQDRIVER)thatareutilizedbymostCDandDVDIO recordingtoolstosendcommandstoSCSI,USBorATAPIEO>devices(mostUSBandATA devices-ormore correctly,FOmostATAPI devices-canuse SCSI-likecommand packets),EOpleaseseetheSYS$EXAMPLES:GKTEST.Cexample,andsee5OHDECW$EXAMPLES:DECW$CDPLAYER.CexampleandPOpleaseseethevarious associatedsectionsoftheOpenVMSI/O$OUser's ReferenceManual.~FOFor informationoncreatingbootableopticalmediaonOOpenVMS,pleasesee]Section9.7.3.*]?GO14.30COffice-Friendly (Quieter) Integrityrx2620series?MOUThepartnumberforthe so-calledOffice-FriendlyorOffice=O Environment Integrityrx2620seriesisAD244A.pFFOTheAD244Aoptionis incompatiblewithand eliminatesMOthe redundantcoolingandpowersupply capabilitiesof,butMO5greatlyreducesthesoundoutputfrom,the Integrityrx2620BO rack-mount computer-roomvariant.)(Server rack-mountLOconfigurationsareratedforsoundoutputintherangeofMO>70dB,pertheHP QuickSpecs.)Suitablefortheintendedin-OO stallationintoacomputerroomofcourse,butlikelyratherforor convertinganexisting rack-mount configurationforNOtheoffice environment,alsoconsider acquiringthe available6Opedestal-mountingoptionfortheseries./w@O14.31CKVMswitchesfor AlphaServerand IntegrityR(Servers?JOVariousfolkshavereportedsuccesswiththeRaritanse-EOriesKVM(and specificallyAPKMEthe),andwiththe$O^ HP-brandedKVM switches.! QOIfyouchooseaKVMforusewithAlphaor Integrityservers,LOdoensureitprovideseitherUnixcompatibility,XWindowsRO5compatibility,or specifiestheAlphaor Integritysystem.'(ThisPOallusuallymeansthattheswitchsupports keyboardsthatuseKOthe so-calledscansetthreekey-downandkey-up sequences-HO>key-downandkey-uparekeytothewayXWindowsand#Othus DECwindowsworks.) (OAlsoseethe discussioninSection14.18 forrelatedinforma-LOtion,and particularlyforolder pinouts-forthosekeyboardFO5andmousedevicesthatpre-datethePS/2DINconnec-KOtions,thePCVGA/SVGAvideo connection,andsuch.)AlmostHOallVAXsystemspre-datethesepinouts,and peripheralsJO>intendedfortheolderAlphasystemsalsopre-datetheseOpinouts.*F?qa%77O 15.2 Information!on"Networks"and!Clusters j8Ifyouare searchingfor somethinghere,9r(pleaseconsiderusingthe text-formatFAQ.EOThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSLO NetworkingwithIPandDECnet,andon clusteringandvol-JO^ume shadowing,onFibreChannel,andonrelatedproductsOandconfigurations. 8O15.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStoaModem?QOUPleaseseetheAskTheWizardareatopicsstartingwith(81),)O(1839),(2177),(3605),etc. ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums)WBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee*5WhatisthisAskTheWizard'OwebsiteI'veheardabout?.*ATWhasbeen superceded(forHOnew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;thearea-O>remains availablefor reference.n&D555OO5  -O15.2COpenVMSandIP Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSand>OIP networking,aswellasIPprintingtopics.?O15.2.1CHowtoconnectOpenVMStothe Internet?JO4Sometutorial informationandtipsfor connectingOpenVMS9OsystemstotheInternetare availableat:^4 `m)mhttp://www.tmesis.com/internet/8 2O15.2.2C ConnectingtoanIPPrinter?UO4ToconnectaprinterviatheIPtelnetorlpr/lpd protocols,youNOwillneedtoinstalland configureanIPstackonOpenVMS,9Oand configurethe appropriateprintqueue.! NGOWithcurrentOpenVMSIPimplementations,thechoiceofQOtelnetorlpr/lpdreallyamountsto determiningwhichoftheseBO5worksbetterwiththe particularprinter involved. NOOTosupportnetwork printing,theprintermustincludeanin-LOternalorexternalNICor JetDirect;anadapter connecting*O5thenetworkandtheprinter.! VQOWhileitisnormallypossibletouseahost-connectedprinter-FOwhenthehostsupportsanLPDortelnetdaemon,andIO5OpenVMSandmostother operatingsystemshavetheabil-OOitytoservelocally-attachedprinterstootherhostsontheOO network-itis generallyfareasierandfarmore effectivetoTO>useaprinterthatisdirectlyattachedtothenetwork.'IfyourOOpresentprinterdoesnothaveaNICora JetDirect,acquireSOaninternal(if available)orexternalNICor JetDirect.'Orre-MOHplacetheprinter.(And obviously,mostany operatingsystemTOthatcanserveitslocalprintersusuallyalsoprovidesaclientAOthatcanaccessremotenetwork-connected printers.NJOPleaseseetheAskTheWizard(ATW)areatopics-startingHOwithtopic (1020)-for additional informationonIP-basedO5network printing. ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&nOPleaseseeSection15.2.32for informationon Postscriptprint-Oing.*F? KO15.2.3CHowdoIconnecta PostScriptprinterviaTCP/IP?IO4UsingTCP/IPServices(UCX)astheTCP/IPstack,itisDOpossibleto configurequeuesusingthe UCX$TELNETSYMBO(TCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0)orTCPIP$TELNETSYMPO=(withV5.0andlater)inordertoprintto Postscriptprint-POers.'ThisassumeshoweverthattheprinteritselfcanconvertSOwhateverispassedtoitinto something intelligible.'Asanex-MOGample,iftheprinterhasanIPaddressof123.456.789.101@Oandjobsshouldbepassedtoport9100then::O$$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-%l/PROCESSOR=UCX$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queue:O9$&*INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON="123.456.789.101:9100"%-'/PROCESSOR=TCPIP$TELNETSYMK- my_ip_queue QOTheportnumberof9100istypicalofHP JetDirectcardsbut?Omaybe differentforother manufacturerscards. WKOAsabetter alternative,DCPSVersion1.4andlatersup-DOportIPqueues usingeitherHPTCP/IPServicesforAO5OpenVMSsoftwareorProcessSoftwareMultinetforHOOpenVMS.Theusageofthistypeof interfaceisdocu-MOmentedintheDCPS documentationorreleasenotes,andthe9O>DCPS$STARTUP.TEMPLATEstartuptemplatefile. NLOForgeneraland additional(non-Postscript)IPprintingin-PO formation,pleaseseetopic(1020)andothertopics referencedJO5inthattopic elsewherewithintheAskTheWizardarea. ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) ~BOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;DOthearearemains availablefor reference.'Alsosee:*|?&U+ `m mhttp://www.wotsit.org/vOPleaseseeSection15.2.25forpointerstoan introductiontoIPO printing.*F??IO15.2.4CHowdoIsetadefaultIProuteorgatewayong(OpenVMS?HOIfyouhaveTCP/IP Services,thenusethecommandfor-OTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlater:Oi$&TCPIP3OSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTiLOAndforearlierTCP/IPServices versions,usethecommand:O$&UCX3OPSET%$ROUTE/GATE=x.x.x.x/DEFAULT/PERMANENTNO15.2.5CHowcanIsetupreversetelnet(likereverseLAT)?GO4Thoughitmayseemobvious,TelnetandLATarequiteFOdifferent-with differing capabilitiesanddesigngoals.f a<HOPleaseseethe documentationaroundtheTCP/IPServices>OforOpenVMSTELNETcommandCREATE_SESSION.ThisJO5commandisthe equivilentofthe operations performedin;O LTLOAD.COMorLAT$SYSTARTUP.COM.ThereisnoJOTELNET equivilenttothe sys$qio[w]control interfaceforDO>LTDRIVER(as documentedintheI/OUser's ReferenceHOManual) available,thoughstandard sys$qio[w]callsref-HOerencingthecreatedTNdevicewouldlikelyoperateasOH expected.! DO15.2.6CWhycan'tIusePPPandRAStoconnecttog(OpenVMSAlpha?IOOpenVMSAlphaIPPPPdoesnot presentlysupportauthen-JO tication,andthe MicrosoftWindowsNToptiontodisableIO=authenticationduringaRAS connection apparentlydoesn'tJO currentlywork-RAS connectionswillrequireauthentication-;OandthiswillthuspreventRAS connections.NHOFutureversionsofOpenVMSandTCP/IPServicesmayaddKOthis,andfutureversionsof MicrosoftWindowsmaypermit5O5 operationswithauthentication disabled."    wgDO15.4CHowto determinethenetworkhardwareaddress?IOUMostAlphaandmostVAXsystemshaveaconsolecommandIOthatdisplaysthenetworkhardwareaddress.(ManysystemsSOwillalsohaveasticker identifyingtheaddress,eitheronthe>O^ enclosureoronthenetwork controlleritself.* JOThesystemconsolepower-upmessagesonanumberofVAXNOandAlphasystemswilldisplaythehardwareaddress,partic-MO5ularlyonthosesystemswithan integratedEthernetnetworkOadapterpresent.G+POIfyoucannotlocateastickeronthesystem,ifthesystemMOpowerupmessageis unavailableordoesnotdisplaythead-RO5dress,andifthesystemisattheconsoleprompt,startwith Otheconsolecommand:OHELP  ROAconsolecommandsimilartooneofthe followingis typically4Ousedtodisplaythehardwareaddress:OaSHOW&DEVICEOSHOW&ETHERNETOSHOW&CONFIGE +HOOntheoldestVAXQ-bussystems,the followingconsoleLOcommandcanbeusedtoreadtheaddressdirectlyofftheCO5(DELQA,DESQA,orthenot-supported-in-V5.5-and-later'ODEQNA)Ethernet controller:O E/P/W/N:5%20001920 ROLookatthelowbyteofthesixwords displayedbytheaboveCOcommand.-(TheoldestVAXQ-bus systems-suchastheDO5KA630 processormoduleusedontheMicroVAXIIandFO VAXstationII series-lackaconsoleHELPcommand,andLOthesesystems typicallyhavetheprimarynetwork controllerOO> installedsuchthatthehardwareaddressvalueislocatedat4Othesystemphysicaladdress 20001920.) GOIfthesystemisaVAXsystem,andanotherVAXsys-HOtemonthenetworkis configuredtoanswer Maintenance?O5and! Operations Protocol (MOP) bootstrap requestsBO(viaDECnetPhaseIV, DECnet-Plus,orLANCP),the=OMOM$SYSTEM:READ_ADDR.EXEtoolcanbe requested:OkB/R5:100%ddcuO Bootfile:% READ_ADDR WLOWhereddcuisthenameoftheEthernet controllerintheDOabovecommand.*TheprimarlylocalDELQA,DESQA,andCO5DEQNAQ-bus controllersareusuallynamedXQA0.+AnCOattempttoMOPdownloadthe READ_ADDRprogramwillKOensue,and(ifthedownloadis successful) READ_ADDRwill*O>displaythehardwareaddress.d:JOIfthesystemisrunning,youcanuseDECnetorTCP/IPLOtodisplaythehardwareaddresswithoneofthe followingO5 commands.O$!%DECnet%Phase%IV O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCP,OISHOW&KNOWN&LINE%CHARACTERISTICSO$!% DECnet-Plus O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL0O^SHOW&CSMA-CD%STATION%*&ALL%STATUS/O$!%TCP/IP%versions%prior%to%V5.0O+$&UCXOsSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL0O$!%TCP/IP%versions%V5.0%and%laterO@$&TCPIPOSHOW&INTERFACE/FULL! WLOAprogramcanbecreatedtodisplaythehardwareaddress,GOreadingthe necessary informationfromthenetworkde-MO5vicedrivers.'AcompleteexampleCprogramforreadingtheKOEthernetorIEEE802.3network controllerhardwareaddressMO(viasys$qiocallstotheOpenVMSnetworkdevice driver(s))1O>is availableatthe followingURL:c9 `m.m$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/MOTousetheDECnetPhaseIV configuratortooltowatchfor>OMOPSYSIDactivityonthelocalareanetwork: Oa$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPJOSET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%ENABLEDf baLOLettheDECnetPhaseIV configuratorrunforatleast20IOminutes,and preferablylonger.-Thenissuethe followingO5 commands: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCPNOSHOW&MODULE% CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT%STATUS%TO% filename.txtKOISET%MODULE& CONFIGURATOR%KNOWN%CIRCUIT& SURVEILLANCE%DISABLEDWMOThe resultingfile(named filename.txt)cannowbesearchedKOforthe informationof interest.+MostDECnetsystemswillFO5generateMOPSYSIDmessages identifyingitemssuchasNOthe controllerhardwareaddressandthe controllertype,andIOthesemessagesare generatedand multicastroughlyeveryO>tenminutes. HO InformationontheDECnetMOPSYSIDmessagesandotherOOpartsofthe maintenance protocolsisincludedintheDECnetHO5network architecturespecifications referencedinsectionODOC9. rHO15.4.1CHowdoIresettheLAN (DECnet-PlusNCL)errorg( counters?(OOnrecentOpenVMS releases:"O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:LANCP>OYSET%&DEVICE/DEVICE_SPECIFIC=FUNCTION="CCOU"%devnameGO15.4.2CHowdoIinstallDECnetPhaseIVonVMS7.1?DO4OnOpenVMSV7.1,allDECnetbinarieswere relocatedPOintoseparate installationkits-youcan selectivelyinstalltheBO appropriatenetwork:- DECnet-Plus (formerlyknownasFO=DECnetOSI),DECnetPhaseIV,andHPTCP/IPServices"O(oftenknownasUCX).T! *DOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.1,DECnetPhaseIVMOwas integrated,andtherewasno installation question.)YouLO5hadtoinstallthe DECnet-Plus (DECnet/OSI)packageontheMOsystem,aftertheOpenVMSupgradeor installation completed.aIODuringanOpenVMSV7.1 installationorupgrade,thein-MO stallation procedurewillqueryyoutolearnif DECnet-PlusMO5shouldbe installed.+Ifyouare 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iXX)S  8X11X11D-S9X11R5X11R5D1S9X11R6.6X11R6.6D)S  8XDRXDR)S  8XFCXFC/?S8XLNperformanceXLNperformance7S 8 XLNsystemsXLNsystems1S  8XMLXML+S8XOFFXOFF)S  9XONXON)S  9XORXOR/S8XP1000XP1000/S8XPDFXPDF)S  8xpmxpm=S8 XtAppAddInputXtAppAddInput%'S  9xvxv6S 9XWindowsX WindowsIS8XWindowsTerminalX Windows Terminal!i  iYY)S  8Y2KY2K+S8yaccyacc1S9YamhillYamhill6S 9Year2000Year 2000!i  jZZ)S  9ZAPZAP@S 8ziccompilerzic compilerBS8 Zimmerman,PhilZimmerman, Phil-S  8zipzip5o)S  8ZipZipCMN3AlsoseeInfo-ZipAlso see Info-ZipASN9Self-extractingSelf-extractingr/S9ZMODEMZMODEM9   {! QDO15.5CHowcanIsend(radio)pagesfrommyOpenVMS'(system?JOThereare third-partyproducts availabletosendmessagesJOtoradiopagingdevices (pagers), communicatingviavari-MO^ous protocolssuchasTAP (Telocator Alphanumeric Protocol);Opaging packages.4!  MORamPage (Ergonomic Solutions)isoneofthe availablepack-GOagesthatcangenerateandtransmitmessagestoradioLO5pagers.'TargetAlert(TargetSystems;formerlytheDECalertKOproduct)isanother.' NetworkingDynamicsCorphasaprod-HOuctcalledPagerPlus.*TheSystemWatchdogpackagecanHO>alsosendpages.)TheProcessSoftwarepackagePMDFcanOOroutespecificemail addressestoapagingservice,aswell. JOMany commercialpagingservicesprovideemailcontactad-KOdressesfortheirpaging customers-youcansimplysendorNO5forwardemaildirectlytotheemailaddressassignedtotheOpager.  cMOSomepeople implementthesendingofpagestoradiopagersJObysendingcommandstoamodemtotakethe"phone"offRO5the"hook",andthenthepaging sequence,followedbyadelay,MOandthenthesamenumberthatahumanwoulddialtosendPOanumericpage.((Thisisnotentirely reliable,asthemodemMO>lacks"callprogress detection",andtheprogramcouldsim-OOplysendthedialsequencewhennotreally connectedtotheAOpaging company'stelephone-baseddial-up receiver.)!r OSeeSection13.1;for informationonthe availablecatalogofO products.*!F?} r " 7O15.6COpenVMS, Clusters,Volume Shadowing?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandEO Clusters,Volume Shadowing,andCluster-relatedsystemO parameters.M#V#thatoperateatthe applicationlevel,whileSCSmustoperatePOintherathermore primitivecontextsofthesystemandpar-NO ticularlythe bootstrap-togetSCStooperateoveraDECnetMOHorIP connectionwouldrequire relocatingmajorportionsofROtheDECnetorIPstackintothekernel.*(AnditisnotclearLOthattheresultwouldevenmeetthe bandwidthandlatencyORexpectations.)2(! GOTheusualapproachfor multi-siteOpenVMSClustercon-FO figurationsinvolvesFDDI,MemoryChannel(MC2),oraNO5point-to-pointremotebridge,brouter,orswitch.'Theconnec-POtionmustbe transparent,anditmustoperateat10megabitsMOpersecondorbetter (Ethernetspeed),withlatencycharac-VO> teristicssimilartothatofEthernetorbetter.'Varioussitesuse:OFDDI,MC2,ATM,orpoint-to-pointT3link.!) JO15.6.1.2B ConfiguringClusterSCSforpathload balancing?EO)Thissection discussesOpenVMSClustercommunications,MOcluster terminology,related utilities,andcommandandcon-Otrol interfaces.l*@ KB+O 15.6.1.2.1CCluster Terminology?&SCS:Systems CommunicationBO( Services.2Theprotocol usedto communicatebetweenBO VMSClustersystemsandbetweenOpenVMSsystemsandFO SCS-basedstorage controllers.- (SCSI-basedstoragecon-'O2trollersdonotuseSCS.)6+!  KOPORT:Acommunicationsdevice,suchasDSSI,CI,EthernetSOorFDDI.EachCIorDSSIbusisa differentlocalport,namedJO5PAA0,PAB0,PAC0etc.(AllEthernetandFDDIbussesmake$OupasinglePEA0port., COVIRTUALCIRCUIT:Areliablecommunicationspathes-PO tablishedbetweenapairofports.(Eachportina VMSclusterNO5 establishesavirtualcircuitwitheveryotherportinthatOcluster.- QOAllsystemsandstorage controllers establish"Virtual Circuits"POtoenablecommunicationsbetweenall availablepairsofports.. NKOSYSAP:A"system application"that communicatesusingSCS.HOEachSYSAP communicateswitha particularremoteSYSAP.#O5ExampleSYSAPsinclude:5/!  5OVMS$DISK_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$DISKFOThediskclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$DISKisonalldisk controllersandall VMSClusterGOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter MSCP_LOADsetto1>0 5OVMS$TAPE_CL_DRIVERconnectsto MSCP$TAPEFOThetapeclassdriverisonevery VMSClustersystem.IO5 MSCP$TAPEisonalltape controllersandall VMSClusterEOsystemsthathaveSYSGEN parameter TMSCP_LOADsetto O11 W6OVMS$VAXCLUSTERconnectstoVMS$VAXCLUSTERGOThisSYSAPcontainsthe connectionmanager,whichman-RO5agescluster connectivity,runstheclusterstate transitional-KOgorithm,and implementstheclusterquorum algorithm.'ThisLOSYSAPalsohandleslocktraffic,andvariousothercluster$O>communications functions.2{5OSCS$DIR_LOOKUPconnectsto SCS$DIRECTORYFOThisSYSAPisusedtofindSYSAPsonremotesystems3 OMSCPandTMSCPEOTheMassStorageControlProtocolandtheTapeMSCPJO5serversareSYSAPsthatprovideaccesstodiskandtapeJOstorage, typically operatingoverSCS protocols.*MSCPandEOTMSCPSYSAPsexistwithinOpenVMS(forOpenVMShostsKO>servingdisksandtapes),withinCI-and DSSI-basedstor-FOage controllers,andwithin host-basedMSCP-orTMSCPKOstorage controllers.(MSCPandTMSCPcanbeusedtoserveGOHMSCPandTMSCPstoragedevices,andcanalsobeusedBOtoserveSCSIandothernon-MSCP/non-TMSCPstorageOdevices.!4 DOSCS CONNECTION:ASYSAPononenode establishesanOOSCS connectiontoits counterpartonanothernode.&Thiscon-HO5nectionwillbeonONEANDONLYONEofthe availableOvirtual circuits.57O 15.6.1.2.2CClusterCommunicationsControl?nWhenthereAO(are multiple virtual circuits between two OpenVMSAOsystems itis possiblefortheVMS$VAXCLUSTERtoBOVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectiontouseanyoneoftheseOO2 circuits.,Alllocktrafficbetweenthetwosystemswillthen6Otravelontheselectedvirtualcircuit.86! POEachporthasa``LOADCLASS'' associatedwithit.'ThisloadMOclasshelpsto determinewhichvirtualcircuita connectionSO5willuse.+IfoneporthasahigherloadclassthanallothersTOthenthisportwillbeused.(IftwoormoreportshaveequallyVOhighloadclassesthenthe connectionwillusethefirstoftheseKO>thatitfinds.,Priorto enhancementsfoundinV7.3-1andQOlater,theloadclassisstaticandnormallyallCIandDSSINOportshavealoadclassof14(hex),whiletheEthernetandQOHFDDIportswillhavealoadclassofA(hex).'WithV7.3-1and9Olater,theloadclassvaluesaredynamic.\7 2OOFor instance,ifyouhavemultipleDSSIbussesandanFDDI,FOtheVMS$VAXCLUSTER connectionwillchosetheDSSIbusSO5asthispathhasthesystemdisk,andthuswillalwaysbetheJOfirstDSSIbus discoveredwhentheOpenVMSsystemboots.8 NUOToforcealllocktrafficofftheDSSIandontotheFDDI,forSO instance,an adjustmenttotheloadclassvalueis required,or3O5theDSSISCSportmustbe disabled.49!  SOInadditiontotheloadclass mechanisms,youcanalsousetheEO ``preferredpath'' mechanismsofMSCPandTMSCPser-MO5vices.+ThisallowsyoutocontroltheSCS connectionsusedOOforservingremotediskandtapestorage.'The preferredpathLO mechanismismostcommonlyusedto explicitlyspreadclus-PO>terI/Oactivityoverhostsand/orstorage controllersservingSOdiskortapestoragein parallel.'Thiscanbe particularlyuse-QOfulifyourhostsorstorage controllers individuallylacktheMOH necessaryI/O bandwidthforthecurrentI/Oload,andmustIOthus aggregate bandwidthtoservetheclusterI/Oload.: NNOForrelatedtools,seevarious utilities including LAVC$STOP_O(mostOpenVMS versions,youcanusethetools:<_ `m$mSYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$STOP_BUS `%SYS$EXAMPLES:LAVC$START_BUS=|SOThesetoolspermityoutodisableorenableallSCStrafficon)Otheonthe specifiedpaths.>! WNOYoucanalsousea preferredpath mechanismthattellstheJOlocalMSCPdiskclassdriver (DUDRIVER)whichpathtoaPO5diskshouldbeused.( Generally,thisisusedwith dual-pathedTOdisks,forcingI/Otrafficthroughoneofthe controllersinsteadQOoftheother.)Thiscanbeusedto implementacrudeformof:O>I/Oload balancingatthediskI/Olevel.u?KKOPriortoV7.2,the preferredpathfeatureusesthetool:V@, `m!mSYS$EXAMPLES:PREFER.MARAz~LOInOpenVMSV7.2andlater,youcanusethe followingDCLOcommand: Oa$&SET%PREFERRED_PATHBJOThe preferredpath mechanismdoesnotdisablenoraffect8OSCS operationsonthe non-preferredpath.CNLOWithOpenVMSV7.3andlater,pleaseseetheSCACPutilityMOforcontroloverclustercommunications,SCSvirtualcircuit3O5control,port selection,andrelated.D7O15.6.2CClusterSystem Parameter Settings?OO4The followingsectionscontaindetailsof configuringcluster-&Orelatedsystem parameters.E MO15.6.2.1BWhatisthecorrectvalueforEXPECTED_VOTESina VMScluster?BOvThe VMScluster connectionmanagerusestheconceptFOofvotesandquorumtopreventdiskandmemorydataIO'corruptions-when sufficientvotesarepresentforquorum,NOthenaccessto resourcesis permitted.)When sufficientvotesNOarenotpresent,useractivitywillbeblocked..TheactofSO1blockinguseractivityiscalleda"quorumhang",andisbetterNOthoughtofasa"userdata integrity interlock".*Thismech-LOanismisdesignedtopreventa partitioned VMScluster,and;O;the resultantmassivediskdata corruptions.;ThequorumKO mechanismis expresslyintendedtopreventyourdatafrom(Obecomingseverely corrupted.}F! SMOOneachOpenVMSnodeina VMScluster,onesetstwovalues@OinSYSGEN:VOTES,andEXPECTED_VOTES.TheformerLO5ishowmanyvotesthenode contributestothe VMScluster.SOThelatteristhetotalnumberofvotesexpectedwhenthefull'O VMSclusteris bootstrapped.G! `DOSomesites erroneouslyattempttosetEXPECTED_VOTESNOtoolow, believingthatthiswillallowwhenonlyasubsetMO5ofvotingnodesarepresentina VMScluster.,Itdoesnot.GOFurther,an erroneoussettinginEXPECTED_VOTESisau-JO tomatically correctedonce VMScluster connectionstootherQO>nodesare established;userdataisatriskofseverecorrup-OOtionsduringtheearliestandmost vulnerableportionofthePOsystem bootstrap,beforethe connectionshavebeen established.JH!  NOOnecanoperatea VMSclusterwithone,two,ormanyvotingKOnodes.*Withanybutthetwo-nodeconfiguration,keepingaRO5subsetofthenodesactivewhensomenodesfailcanbeeasilyMO configured.'Withthetwo-nodeconfiguration,onemustuseaJOprimary-secondary configuration(wheretheprimaryhasallNO>thevotes),apeer configuration(wherewheneithernodeisPOdown,theotherhangs),or (preferable)asharedquorumdisk.AIsIOUseofaquorumdiskdoesslowdown VMSclustertransi-MOtionssomewhat-theadditionofathirdvotingnodethatOO5 contributesthevote(s)thatwouldbeassignedtothequorumLOdiskmakesforfastertransitions-buttheuseofaquorumKOdiskdoesmeanthateithernodeinatwo-node VMSclusterHO> configurationcanoperatewhentheothernodeisdown. _UNote _CHThequorumdiskmustbeonanon-host-basedshad-Howeddisk,thoughitcanbe protectedwith controller->basedRAID.Because host-basedvolume shadowingBRdependsonthelockmanagerandthelockmanagerBdependsonthe connectionmanagerandtheconnec-Gtionmanagerdependsonquorum,itisnot technicallyC[feasible(noreven particularly reliable)topermitA host-basedvolume shadowingtoprotectthequorum disk. WJ_HOIfyouchoosetouseaquoumdisk,a QUORUM.DATfileLOwillbe automaticallycreatedwhenOpenVMSfirstbootsandIO5whenaquorumdiskis specified-well,the QUORUM.DATKOfilewillbecreatedwhenOpenVMSisbootedwithoutalso7Oneedingthevotesfromthequorumdisk.KNJOInatwo-node VMSclusterwithasharedstorage intercon-OOnect, typicallyeachnodehasonevote,andthequorumdiskDO5alsohasonevote.'EXPECTED_VOTESissettothree.TL*EOUsingaquorumdiskona non-shared interconnectisGOunnecessary-theuseofaquorumdiskdoesnotprovideOO5anyvalue,andthevotesassignedtothequorumdiskshouldOObeassignedtotheOpenVMShostservingaccesstothedisk.M HOFor informationonquorumhangs,seetheOpenVMSdocu-DO mentation.)For informationonchangingthe EXPECTED_QO5VOTESvalueonarunningsystem,seetheSETCLUSTER/EXPECTED_GOVOTEScommand,andseethe documentationfortheAMDSIOand AvailabilityManagertools..Alsoof potentialinter-IO>estistheOpenVMSsystemconsole documentationfortheLOprocessor-specificconsolecommandsusedtotriggertheIPCJO (InterrruptPriorityLevel%x0C;IPLC)handler.+(IPCisGOHnot availableonOpenVMSI64V8.2.),AMDS, AvailabilityMOManager,andtheIPChandlercaneachbeusedtoclearaFOquorumhang.+UseofAMDSand AvailabilityManagerisHOR generally recommendedoverIPC, particularlybecauseIPCIOcancauseCLUEXIT bugchecksifthesystemshouldremainLOhaltedbeyondtheclustersanitytimerlimits,andbecausePO[someAlphaconsolesandmost(all?)' Integrityconsolesdonot-Opermitarestartafterahalt.N NOThequorumschemeisasetof``bladeguards'' deliberatelyBO implementedbyOpenVMS EngineeringtoprovidedataKO5integrity-removethesebladeguardsatyourperil.'OpenVMSO Engineeringdid not/2 implementthequorum mechanismto mechanismwas specifically implementedtokeepyourdata#Ofromgetting scrambled.O! h?O 15.6.2.1.1CWhyno shadowingforaQuorumDisk?Statedsim-KO(ply, Host-BasedVolume Shadowingusesthe DistributedLockEOManager(DLM)to coordinatechangesto membershipofGOa shadowset(e.g.)removingamember).)TheDLMdependsHO2inturnonthe ConnectionManager enforcingtheQuorumIOSchemeanddecidingwhichnode(s)(andquorumdisk)areLO participatinginthecluster,andtellingtheDLMwhenitQO<needstodothingslikealockdatabaserebuild operation.)SoLOyoucan't introducea dependencyofthe ConnectionManagerHOon Shadowingtotrytopickproper shadowset member(s)LOEtouseastheQuorumDiskwhen ShadowingitselfisusingIOtheDLMandthus indirectly dependingonthe ConnectionGOManagertokeepthecluster membership straight-it'saOOcircular dependency.P WNOSoin practice,folkssimplydependoncontroller-basedmir-HOroring(orcontroller-basedRAID)toprotecttheQuorumNO5Diskagainstdiskfailures(anddual-redundant controllerstoQOprotectagainstmostcasesof controllerand interconnectfail-SOures).*Sincethisdiskunitappearstobeasinglediskupat?O>theVMSlevel,there'snochanceof ambiguity.;Q _KO15.6.2.2BExplaindisk(ortape) allocationclass settings?HO)The allocationclass mechanismprovidesthesystemman-NOagerwithawayto configureandresolveservedanddirectOOpathstostoragedeviceswithinacluster.)AnyserveddeviceKO3thatprovidesmultiplepathsshouldbe configuredusingaJOnon-zero allocationclass,eitherattheMSCP(orTMSCP)UOstorage controllers,attheport(forport allocation classes),orHO<attheOpenVMSMSCP(orTMSCP)server.)All controllersNOorservers providingapathtothesamedeviceshouldhavePOthesame allocationclass(attheport, controller,orserverOFlevel).R WOOEachdisk(ortape)unitnumberusedwithinanon-zerodiskOO(ortape) allocationclassmustbeunique, regardlessoftheNO5 particulardeviceprefix.)Forthepurposesof multi-pathde-NOvicepathdetermination,anydisk(ortape)devicewiththeJOsameunitnumberandthesamedisk(ortape) allocationGO>class configurationisassumedtobethesamedevice.S^NOIfyouare reconfiguringdiskdevice allocationclasses,youQOwillwanttoavoidtheuseof allocationclassone($1$)un-MO5 til/unlessyouhaveFibreChannelstorage configured.((FibreLOChannelstorage specificallyrequirestheuseof allocation&Oclass$1$.'eg:' $1$DGA0:.)T! J_NO 15.6.2.2.1CHowto configure allocationclassesand Multi-PathOSCSI?JtTheHSZ allocationclassisappliedtodevices,startingNOvwithOpenVMSV7.2.*Itis consideredaport allocationclassPO(PAC),andalldevicenameswithaPAChavetheir controllerUO'letterforcedto"A".((YoumightinferfromthethetextintheMO "GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurations"thatthisisLO somethingyouhavetodo,thoughOpenVMSwill thoughtfully,O1handlethisrenamingforyou.)|U RNOYoucanforcethedevicenamesbacktoDKBbysettingtheQOHSZ allocationclasstozero,andsettingthePKBPACto-1.UO5Thiswillusethehost allocationclass,andwillleavethecon-XOtrollerletteralone(thatis,theDK controllerletterwillbethePOsameastheSCSIport(PK) controller).(Notethatthiswon'tOO>workiftheHSZis configuredinmultibusfailovermode.)InOOthiscase,OpenVMSrequiresthatyouusean allocationclassOfortheHSZ.V! UEOWhenyour configurationgetseven moderatelycomplex,NOyoumustpaycareful attentiontohowyouassignthethreeOO5kindsof allocationclass:*node,portandHSZ/HSJ,asother-POwiseyoucouldwindupwithdevicenaming conflictsthatcan#Obepainfultoresolve.9WJOThe display-ablepath informationisforSCSI multi-path,KOandpermitsthe multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenQO5 differentpathstothesamedevice.)IfyouhavetwopathstoGO $1$DKA100,forexamplebyhavingtwoKZPBA controllersKOandtwoSCSIbusestotheHSZ,youwouldhavetwoUCBsLO>ina multi-pathset.,Thepath informationisusedbytheKO multi-pathsoftwareto distinguishbetweenthesetwoUCBs.X! NOThe displayablepath information describesthepath;inthisSOcase,theSCSIport.'IfportisPKB,that'sthepathnameyouRO5get.(Thedevicenameisnolonger completelytiedtotheportNOname;thedevicenamenowdependsonthevarious allocationFOclasssettingsofthe controller,SCSIportornode.Y kNOThereasonthedevicename's controllerletterisforcedtoKO"A"whenyouusePACsisbecauseasharedSCSIbusmayNO5be configuredvia differentportsonthevariousnodescon-MOnectedtothebus.+TheportmaybePKBononenode,andMOPKContheother.+Rather obviously,youwillwanttohaveNO>theshareddevicesusethesamedevicenamesonallnodes.ROTo establishthis,youwillassignthesamePAConeachnode,OOandOpenVMSwillforcethe controllerlettertobethesameMOHoneachnode.(Simplychoosing"A"waseasierandmorede-OO terministicthan negotiatingthe controllerletterbetweentheQOnodes,andalso parallelsthesolutionusedforthis situation6ORwhenDSSIorSDI/STIstoragewasused.ZNIOToenableport allocationclasses,seetheSYSBOOTcom-?Omand SET/BOOT,andseethe DEVICE_NAMINGsystemO5 parameter.[ POThis informationisalso describedintheClusterSystemsandEO GuidelinesforOpenVMSClusterConfigurationsmanuals.6\! ` DO15.6.3CTellmeaboutSETHOST/DUPandSETHOST/HSC>O4TheOpenVMSDCLcommandsSETHOST/DUPandSETNOHOST/HSCareusedtoconnecttostorage controllersviatheKO DiagnosticsandUtilityProtocol(DUP).Thesecommandsre-JO=quirethattheFYDRIVERdevicedriverbe connected.*ThisJOdevicedriver connectionis typically performedbyaddingIOthe following command(s)intothesystemstartupcommandOG procedure:]iOOnOpenVMSAlpha:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSMANBOPSYSMAN>&IO&CONNECT%"FYA0/NOADAPTER/DRIVER=SYS$FYDRIVER^ihOOnOpenVMSVAX:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTER_NEO AlternativestotheDCLSETHOST/DUPcommandincludeHOtheconsoleSETHOSTcommand availableonvariousmid-,O5torecent-vintageVAX consoles:`!EOAccessto ParametersonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&PARAMSa!OOAccessto DirectoryoftoolsonanEmbeddedDSSI controller:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:{0:1}]%dssi_node_number&DIRECTbiAOAccessto ParametersonaKFQSADSSI controller:AOSHOW&UQSSP&!%to%get&port_controller_number%PARAMS=OPSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSac 7FOTheseconsolecommandsare availableonmostMicroVAXIOand VAXstation3xxxseriessystems,andmost(all?)*VAXNO54xxxseriessystems.(Forfurther information,seethesystemEO documentationand-onmostVAX systems-seetheconsoleOHELPtext.d a DSSI-basedVMScluster-andmostoftheconceptscov-MOeredaredirectly applicabletoOpenVMSAlphasystems.'ThisHOmanual specificallycoversthe hardware,whichissome-EOHthingnotcoveredbythestandardOpenVMS VMSclusterOdocumentation.)eOAlsoseeSection15.3.3,+andfortheSCSnameoftheOOpenVMShostseeSection5.7.*eF?*e|?f! @O15.6.4CHowdoIrenameaDSSIdisk(ortape?)PO4IfyouwanttorenumberorrenameDSSIdisksorDSSItapes,?Oit'seasy-ifyouknowthesecretincantation...g aaOFromOpenVMS:#O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:SYSGEN*OPSYSGEN>&CONNECT%FYA0/NOADAPTEROSYSGEN>&^ZFO$&SET%"HOST/DUP/SERV=MSCP$DUP/TASK=PARAMS& O(...OpPARAMS>&STAT%CONFSOOPARAMS>&EXIT OH...h! NIOFromtheconsoleonmost3000-and 4000-classVAXsys-ROtem consoles...& (Obviously,thesystemmustbehaltedfortheseO5 commands...)i!]O IntegratedDSSI:BOSET%HOST/DUP/DSSI[/BUS:[0:1]]%dssi_node_number&PARAMSwj!MOKFQSA:=OSET%HOST/DUP/UQSSP%port_controller_number%PARAMSBk JOFor informationonhowtogetoutintothePARAMSsub-POsystem,alsoseetheHELPattheconsolepromptfortheSETGO5HOSTsyntax,orseetheHELPonSETHOST/DUP(once7Oyou've connectedFYDRIVERunder OpenVMS).0l! KOOnceyouareoutintothePARAMS subsystem,youcanuseFOtheFORCEUNIoptiontoforcetheuseoftheUNITNUMGO5valueandthensetauniqueUNITNUMinsideeachDSSIOOISE-thiscauseseachDSSIISEtousethespecfiedunitnum-LOberandnotusetheDSSInodeastheunitnumber.+OtherFO> parametersofinterestareNODENAMEand ALLCLASS,theMOnodenameandthe(diskortape)cluster allocationclass.mWKOEnsurethatalldiskunitnumbersusedwithinanOpenVMSNOClusterdisk allocationclassareunique,andalltapeunitDO5numbersusedwithinanOpenVMSClustertapealloca-KOtionclassarealsounique.-FordetailsontheSCSname&OoftheOpenVMShost,see Section5.7.FordetailsofSETO> HOST/DUP,see>Section15.6.3.*m ?*m?\n6 DO15.6.5CWherecanIgetFibreChannelStorage(SAN)g( information? `@6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/fibre/index.htmlo! sAO15.6.6CWhichfilesmustbesharedinanOpenVMSg(Cluster?ROThe followingfilesareexpectedtobecommonacrossallnodesLOinacluster environment,andthoughSYSUAFisveryoftenIO=common,itcanalsobe carefullycoordinated-withmatch-MOingUICvaluesandmatchingbinary identifiervaluesacrossLOallcopies.)(ThemostcommonuseofmultipleSYSUAFfilesROGistoallow differentquotason differentnodes.)Inanyevent,NOthebinaryUICvaluesandthebinary identifiervaluesmustMObe coordinatedacrossallSYSUAFfiles,andmustmatchtheROQ RIGHTSLISTfile.))Inadditiontothelistoffiles(anddirec-.Otories,insomecases)showninTable15-1,lpleasereviewtheBO VMSclusterdocumentation,andtheSystem ManagementOZdocumentation.*ol?pDqNOInadditiontothedocumentation,alsosee~M Mthecurrentver-?Osionofthefile SYS$STARTUP:SYLOGICALS.TEMPLATE.PO< Specifically,pleaseseethemostrecentversionofthisfile=O available,startingonorafterOpenVMSV7.2.r! POAfailuretohavecommonor(inthecaseofmultipleSYSUAFHOfiles) synchronizedfilescancauseproblemswithbatchBO5 operations,withthe SUBMIT/USERcommand,withtheMOgeneral operationswiththeclusteralias,andwithvariousJOSYSMANandrelated operations.(Object protectionsandde-UO>faultswillnot necessarilybe consistent,aswell.'ThiscanalsoKOleadtosystemsecurity problems, including unintendedac-OOcessdenialsand unintendedobject accesses,shouldthefilesLOHand particularlyshouldthebinary identifiervaluesbecomeOskewed.PsV&?O15.6.7CHowcanIsplitupanOpenVMSCluster?CO4Reviewthe VMSclusterdocumentation,andtheSystemCO Managementdocumentation.-The followingarethekeyPOpoints,butarelikelynottheonlythingsyouwillneedtoO=change.AtMOOpenVMSClustersupportisdirectly integratedintotheop-OOeratingsystem,andthereisnowaytoremoveit.*Youcan,NO5however,remote site-specific tailoringthatwasaddedfora-O particularclusterconfiguration.u NMOFirst:'Create restorableimageBACKUPsofeachofthecur-NOrentsystemdisks.)If somethinggetsmessedup,youwanta#O5waytorecover,right?v! NHOCreate standaloneBACKUPkitsfortheOpenVMSVAXsys-KOtems,andcreateoracquirebootableBACKUPkitsforthe"O5OpenVMSAlphasystems.w N9OUseCLUSTER_CONFIGorCLUSTER_CONFIG_LANtoQOremovethevarioussystemrootsandtoshutoffbootservices$O5and VMScluster settings.Ix! JOCreateasmanyarchitecture-specificcopiesofthesystemSOdisksas required.'RealizethatthenewsystemswillalllikelyNO5bebootingthroughrootSYS0-ifyouhaveanysystem-specific4Ofilesinanyotherroots,savethem.y! uOORelocatethecopiesofthe VMSclustercommonfilesontoeach&Oofthenewsystemdisks.zyMOResettheconsole parametersandbootflagsoneachsystem,Oforuseona standalonenode.{y;OResetthe VAXCLUSTERandNISCS_LOAD_PEA0pa->Orametersto0inSYSGENandinMODPARAMS.DAT.~|TCOClobberthe VMSclustergroupIDandpasswordusingOSYSMAN.s}IIORebootthesystems seperately,andrunAUTOGENoneach.~! ^NOShutoffMOPservicesviaNCPorLANCPonthebootserverOnodes. NMO Permanent seperationalsorequiresthe duplicationofsharedNOfiles.-Foralistofthefilescommonlyshared,pleaseseeO5Section15.6.6.*O?o! dUOAlsoseethetopicson ``cluster divorce''intheAskTheWizardOarea. ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&YBO Informationonchanging nodenamesisincludedinOSection5.7.*O|? 1O15.6.8CDetailsonVolume Shadowing?FO4Thissectioncontains informationon host-basedvolumeOO shadowing;onthedisk mirroring capabilities availablewithinOOpenVMS.$MO15.6.8.1BDoesvolume shadowingrequireanon-zero allocationclasses?KOvYes,useof host-basedVolume ShadowingrequiresthatthePOdisk(s)involvedbe configuredinanon-zero allocationclass. BOEditSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DATtoincludeadeclara-ROtionofannon-zero allocationclass,suchassettingthehost/O5 allocationclasstothevalue7:O ALLOCLASS%=%7]33OThenAUTOGENthesystem,andreboot.A zNOYoushouldnowbeabletoformtheshadowsetviaacom-)Omandsuchasthe following:JOa$&MOUNT&dsa1007:&/SHADOW=($7$dkb300:,$7$dkb500:)% volumelabelS)JOWhen operatinginanOpenVMSCluster,thissequencewillIO typicallychangethedisknamesfromtheSCSNODEprefixJO5(scsnode$dkann)totheallocation-classprefix ($7$dkannn).JOThismayprovideyouwiththe opportunitytomovetoaFOdevice-independentschemeusinglogicalname constructsLO>suchastheDISK$volumelabellogicalnamesinyourstartupIOand application environments;an opportunitytoweedout'Ophysicaldevice references.%LO AllocationclassoneisusedbyFibreChanneldevices; itPOcanbebesttouseanothernon-zero allocationclassevenifMO5FibreChannelisnot currently configuredandnot currentlyOplanned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```aaabbccccccccdeeeeeeeffffgghhiiiijjjjjkllllmmmmmnnoooooooooooopppppqqqqqqqqqqrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrstttttttttuuuvvwwwwxxxxxxxyyyzz{{{{|||||||}}}}}~~~~~~~                                                                                                                                                   }Preface/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)ContributorsContributorsContributorsContributors%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations%FAQ Archives and FAQ Locations2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information2FAQ File Formats and Production Information3Old FAQ Section Notations Available in IndexThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine PrintThe Fine Print1. Introduction1. Introduction61.1 What core OpenVMS URLs do you need to know? Table 1- 1: Core Websites21.2 What are the OpenVMS Usenet Newsgroups?<1.2.1 What is the scope of the comp.os.vms newsgroup?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?;1.2.2 What newsgroups carry VMS-related information?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?31.2.3 What newsgroup archives are available?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?/1.2.4 What is the INFO-VAX mailing list?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?0Table 1- 2: INFO-VAX Mail Server CommandsB1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?B1.2.4.1 How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette? 1.3 What is [n]etiquette?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?41.4 What OpenVMS user group(s) are available?31.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?<1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?!1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?@1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?71.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?2. General Information2. General Information02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?02.1 What is OpenVMS? What is its history?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?:2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?62.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?/2.3.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?,2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?<2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?+Table 2- 1: OpenVMS Alpha Media Kits82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?,Table 2- 2: OpenVMS I64 Order Numbers82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?+Table 2- 3: OpenVMS I64 Media Suffix82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?/Table 2- 4: OpenVMS Source Listings Kits82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?82.6 What OpenVMS distribution kits are available?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?C2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?/2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?62.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?62.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?;2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?12.8.1.1 Vendors offering Hobbyist Licenses12.8.1.1 Vendors offering Hobbyist Licenses32.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?32.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?I2.8.3 What developer and partner licensing programs are available?<2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?<2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?92.9 Does OpenVMS support the Euro currency symbol?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?K2.10 OpenVMS Ports? Itanium? Ports to IA-32, EM64T or AMD64 systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?=2.11 Are there any network-accessible OpenVMS systems?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?6Table 2- 5: OpenVMS Alpha Version Rule-Of-Thumb.2.12 What version of OpenVMS do I need?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?.2.13 How can I submit OpenVMS Freeware?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?,2.14 Porting applications to OpenVMS?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?H2.15 What resources are available to OpenVMS software developers?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?L2.16 memory management, resource management, process scheduling, etc?'2.17 Basic Units of Measurement?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?12.17.1 How many bytes are in a disk block?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?22.17.2 How many bytes are in a memory page?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?<2.17.3 How do I convert? Disk Blocks? KB, MB, GB, TB?3. Documentation3. Documentation=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?=3.1 Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?>3.2 What online information and websites are available?#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS Websites#Table 3- 1: OpenVMS WebsitesH3.3 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?H3.3 How do I extract the contents of a HELP topic to a text file?93.4 Does OpenVMS Marketing have an e-mail address??3.5 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.5 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.5 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals??3.5 Where can I learn about OpenVMS executive internals?G3.6 Where can new users find tutorial information about OpenVMS?3.6.1 Tutorial Websites?>Table 3- 2: OpenVMS Tutorial and Documentation Websites>Table 3- 2: OpenVMS Tutorial and Documentation Websites!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?Table 3- 3: DP Books!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials?!3.6.2 Books and Tutorials??3.7 What OpenVMS mailing lists and forums are available?(Table 3- 4: OpenVMS Mailing Lists?3.7 What OpenVMS mailing lists and forums are available?,Table 3- 5: OpenVMS Discussion Forums@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?@3.8 What is this Ask The Wizard website I've heard about?B3.9 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?B3.9 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?B3.9 Where can I find the latest C run-time library manuals?4. Time and Timekeeping4. Time and Timekeeping:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?:4.1 A brief history of OpenVMS Timekeeping, please?84.1.1 Details of the OpenVMS system time-keeping?34.1.1.1 VAX hardware time-keeping details...4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock4.1.1.1.1 TOY clock4.1.1.1.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME 4.1.1.1.3 EXE$GQ_TODCBASE4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR4.1.1.1.4 EXE$GL_TODR54.1.1.2 Alpha hardware time-keeping details...54.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip54.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip54.1.1.2.1 Battery-Backed Watch (BB_WATCH) Chip4.1.1.2.2 EXE$GQ_SYSTIME%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCK%4.1.1.2.3 EXE$GQ_SAVED_HWCLOCKA4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?A4.1.1.3 Why does VAX need a SET TIME at least once a year?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?74.1.2 How does OpenVMS VAX maintain system time?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?84.2 Keeping the OpenVMS system time synchronized?'4.3 External time-base hardware?'4.3 External time-base hardware?'4.3 External time-base hardware?'4.3 External time-base hardware?'4.3 External time-base hardware?64.3.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?64.3.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?64.3.1 Why do my cluster batch jobs start early?34.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?34.3.2 Why does my OpenVMS system time drift?54.3.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.3.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.3.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.3.3 Resetting the system time into the past?54.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?54.3.4 How can I drift the OpenVMS system time?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?H4.3.5 How can I configure TCP/IP Services NTP as a time provider?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?J4.4 Managing Timezones, Timekeeping, UTC, and Daylight Saving Time?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?B4.4.1 Creating, Updating and Managing Timezone Definitions?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?C4.4.1.1 Customizing or Updating your TDF (Timezone) Setting?<4.4.1.2 US Daylight Time Changes Starting 1-Mar-2007?<4.4.1.2 US Daylight Time Changes Starting 1-Mar-2007?<4.4.1.2 US Daylight Time Changes Starting 1-Mar-2007?<4.4.1.2 US Daylight Time Changes Starting 1-Mar-2007?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?64.4.2 Timezones and Time-related Logical Names?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?94.4.3 How to troubleshoot TDF problems on OpenVMS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.5 Why does the SET TIME command fail? Help managing DTSS?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?B4.6 Setting time on AlphaServer ES47, ES80, GS1280 console?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?E4.7 UTC vs GMT vs vs UT1/UT1/UT2 TDF? What are these acronyms?74.8 Using w32time or an SNTP as a time provider?74.8 Using w32time or an SNTP as a time provider?74.8 Using w32time or an SNTP as a time provider?'5. System Management Information'5. System Management Information&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?&5.1 What is an installed image?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.2 Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?35.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?35.3 Sources of OpenVMS security information?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?45.4 How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?75.5 How do I extract the contents of a PCSI kit?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?55.6 Emergency (Conversational) System Startup?@5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?@5.6.1 I've forgotten the SYSTEM password - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.6.2 My product licenses have expired - what can I do?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System?>5.7 How do I change the node name of an OpenVMS System??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.8 Why doesn't OpenVMS see the new memory I just added??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier??5.9 How do I change the text in a user's UIC identifier?75.10 What are the OpenVMS version upgrade paths?55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths55.10.1 OpenVMS Alpha Upgrade (or Update) Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths'5.10.2 OpenVMS I64 Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths/5.10.3 OpenVMS VAX Release Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths35.10.4 OpenVMS Cluster Rolling Upgrade Paths-5.10.5 OpenVMS VAX Manual Organization-5.10.5 OpenVMS VAX Manual Organization=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information=5.10.6 OpenVMS Product Version and Support Information75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade TerminT} }ology75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade Terminology75.10.7 OpenVMS Alpha and I64 Upgrade TerminologyM5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?M5.11 Why do I have a negative number in the pagefile reservable pages?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?G5.12 Do I have to update layered products when updating OpenVMS?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?75.13 How do I change the volume label of a disk?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?05.14 How can I set up a shared directory?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?<5.15 Why do I get extra blank pages on my HP Printer?B5.16 Drivers and Configuration of New Graphics Controllers?%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy%5.16.1 The ELSA GLoria Synergy,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350,5.16.2 PowerStorm 300, PowerStorm 350.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D20.5.16.3 PowerStorm 3D30, PowerStorm 4D205.16.4 Radeon 75005.16.4 Radeon 7500?5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs??5.17 How can I acquire OpenVMS patches, fixes, and ECOs?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?55.18 How do I move the queue manager database?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?G5.19 How do I delete an undeletable/unstoppable (RWAST) process?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?.5.20 How do I reset the error count(s)?E5.21 How do I find out if the tape drive supports compression?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?C5.22 Can I copy SYSUAF to another version? To VAX? To Alpha?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes?55.23 How do I delete (timeout) idle processes??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool??5.24 Do I need a PAK for the DECevent (HP Analyze) tool?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?:5.25 INITIALIZE ACCVIO and ANSI tape label support?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?35.26 How do I recover from INSVIRMEM errors?M5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?M5.27 How can I prevent a serial terminal line from initiating a login?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?:5.28 How does PCSI use the image BUILD_IDENT field?)Table 5- 1: PCSI Generation NumberD5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed?D5.29 How can I tell what software (and version) is installed??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.30 What file checksum tools are available for OpenVMS??5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station??5.31 What (and where) is the OpenVMS Management Station?>5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?>5.32 How to determine current disk fragmentation level?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?D5.33 SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC, Unable to locate SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?J5.34 How can I customize the DCPS device control for a new printer?H5.35 Why do $GETDEV MOUNTCNT and SHOW DEVICE mount counts differ?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?<5.36 What software is needed for Postscript printers?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?=5.37 How do I remove a PCSI-installed patch (ECO) kit?D5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832CD5.38 SYSINIT-E, error mounting system device, status=0072832C+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?+5.39 Resolving License PAK Problems?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?05.40 Changing the OpenVMS Version Number?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?A5.41 How to prevent users from choosing obvious passwords?;5.42 Please help me with the OpenVMS BACKUP utility?45.42.1 Why isn't BACKUP/SINCE=BACKUP working?F5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?F5.42.1.1 Why has OpenVMS gone through the agony of this change?:5.42.1.2 Can you get the old BACKUP behaviour back?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?:5.42.2 What can I do to improve BACKUP performance?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.3 Why is BACKUP not working as expected?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset?45.42.4 How do I fix a corrupt BACKUP saveset??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape??5.42.5 How do I write a BACKUP saveset to a remote tape?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?95.42.6 How to perform a DoD security disk erasure?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?55.42.7 How to enable telnet virtual terminals?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?75.42.7.1 Volume Shadowing MiniCopy vs MiniMerge?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.1 Mini-Copy?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?5.42.7.1.2 Mini-Merge?75.43 Please explain DELETE/ERASE and File Locks?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?#5.44 Managing File Versions?15.45 Host-based Volume Shadowing and RAID?15.45 Host-based Volume Shadowing and RAID?15.45 Host-based Volume Shadowing and RAID?6. Information on Mail6. Information on MailL6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?L6.1 MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't. What do I do?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?96.2 How do I send or read attachments in VMS MAIL?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?06.3 How can I block SMTP mail relay spam?"7. Information on Utilities"7. Information on Utilities77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?77.1 How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?H7.2 How do I access a Microsoft Windows floppy disk from OpenVMS?O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.O7.3 How do I play sound files on an AlphaStation? DECsound doesn't work.57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?57.4 How do I read IBM EBCDIC tapes on OpenVMS?27.5 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.5 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?27.5 How can I patch an OpenVMS Alpha image?8. DCL Details8. DCL Details18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.1 DCL Symbols and OpenVMS Logical Names?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?18.2 How do I run a program with arguments?-8.3 How can I clear the screen in DCL?-8.3 How can I clear the screen in DCL?>8.4 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.4 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?>8.4 Using REPLY/LOG from DCL? Disabling Console OPCOMs?48.5 How do I generate a random number in DCL?(8.6 What does the MCR command do?(8.6 What does the MCR command do?(8.6 What does the MCR command do?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt?58.7 How do I change the OpenVMS system prompt??8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL??8.8 Can I do DECnet task-to-task communication with DCL?98.9 How can I get the width setting of a terminal?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?58.10 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?38.11 How can I substitute symbols in a PIPE?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?;8.12 Use of RUN/DETACH, LOGINOUT, and logical names?<8.13 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.13 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?<8.13 How to use escape and control characters in DCL?9. Files9. Files%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?%9.1 How can I undelete a file?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.2 Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?E9.3 How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?F9.4 What are the limits on file specifications and directories?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?C9.5 What is the largest disk volume size OpenVMS can access?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?H9.6 What is the maximum file size, and the RMS record size limit?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?@9.7 How do I write CD-Recordable or DVD media on OpenVMS?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?.9.7.1 CD and DVD notation, terminology?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?E9.7.2 Use of RRD42 and other older (embossed-media) CD drives?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?H9.7.3 Creating Bootable OpenVMS I64 CD or DVD Media? SYS$SETBOOT?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS?:9.8 What I/O transfer size limits exist in OpenVMS??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files??9.9 Can I use ODBC to connect to OpenVMS database files?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?E9.10 If my disks are shown as VIOC Compatible, am I using XFC?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?:9.11 RMS Sequential Files and Platform Portability?%9.12 How to read locked files?%9.12 How to read locked files?*10. OpenVMS Programming Information*10. OpenVMS Programming InformationE10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?E10.1 Modular Programming, Facility Prefixes and Symbol Naming?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?;10.2 Can I have a source code example of calling...?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?=10.3 How do I get the arguments from the command line?A10.4 How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?H10.5 How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an Alpha system?<10.6 How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?L10.7 How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on Alpha?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?@10.8 How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?A10.9 How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.10 How do I get a unique system ID for licensing purposes?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?D10.11 What is an executable, shareable, system or UWSS image?410.12 How do I do a file copy from a program?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?"10.13 What is a descriptor?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?>10.14 How do I create a process under another username?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?I10.15 Why do lib$spawn, lib$set_symbol fail in detached processes?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting fT} }iles?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?N10.16 Where can I obtain Bliss, and the libraries and supporting files?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?510.17 How can I open a file for shared access?C10.18 How can I have common sources for messages, constants?H10.19 How do I activate the OpenVMS Debugger from an application?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?&10.20 Dealing with Endian-ness?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?310.21 How to resolve LINK-I-DATMISCH errors?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?A10.22 HP C and other OpenVMS C Programming Considerations?$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues$10.22.1 Other common C issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues&10.22.2 Other common C++ issues810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?810.23 Status of Programming Tools on OpenVMS VAX?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?<10.24 Choosing a Version Number for Application Code?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?010.25 Selecting a Process Dump Directory?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?)10.26 Access to Itanium Assembler?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?-10.27 Kernel-mode coding restrictions?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?910.28 Decoding an Access Violation (ACCVIO) Error?,10.29 Generating an AUTODIN-II CRC32?,10.29 Generating an AUTODIN-II CRC32?'10.30 Enabling built-in tracing?'10.30 Enabling built-in tracing?'10.30 Enabling built-in tracing?'10.30 Enabling built-in tracing?11. DECwindows11. DECwindowsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?.Table 11- 1: X Windows Display CommandsJ11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?J11.1 How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?=11.2 How do I create a display on another workstation?J11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?J11.3 How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?411.4 How do I get a log of a DECterm session?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?111.5 Why is DECwindows Motif not starting?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?711.6 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?F11.7 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?711.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?711.7.1 How do I customize DECwindows keymapping?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?I11.7.2 Why does the DELETE key delete forward instead of backward?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?911.8 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput( ) work on OpenVMS?F11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?F11.9 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?711.10 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?G11.11 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?511.12 How can I reset the warning bell volume?911.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?911.13 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?=11.14 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP TransportD11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?D11.15 Can I use DECwindows 1.2- * on OpenVMS V7.3-2 or later?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?.11.16 How to add Fonts into DECwindows?$12. Miscellaneous Information$12. Miscellaneous InformationI12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?I12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?B12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?=12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?112.4 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?%13. Finding and Using Software%13. Finding and Using SoftwareE13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?E13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?413.2 Where can I find UNIX tools for OpenVMS?+13.2.1 C system and library routines+13.2.1 C system and library routines+13.2.1 C system and library routines+13.2.1 C system and library routines+13.2.1 C system and library routines.13.2.2 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.2 X Windows utilities and routines.13.2.2 X Windows utilities and routines513.2.3 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.3 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?513.2.3 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS? 13.2.4 The vi text editor 13.2.4 The vi text editor 13.2.4 The vi text editor 13.2.4 The vi text editor 13.2.4 The vi text editor#13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editor#13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editor#13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editor#13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editor#13.2.5 The Emacs Text Editor$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools$13.2.6 GNV: Various GNU tools13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler13.2.6.1 GCC compiler213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?213.3 What is the status of PL/I on OpenVMS?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?413.4 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?-13.5 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?313.6 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script??13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number??13.7 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?913.8 How do I convert to new CMS or DTM libraries?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?-13.9 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?I13.10 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.10 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.10 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?I13.10 Obtaining the DECmigrate (AEST or VEST, and TIE) translator?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?B13.11 Where can I get Zip, Unzip, self-extracting zip, etc?213.12 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.12 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?213.12 Are VAX Hardware Emulators Available?14. Hardware Information14. Hardware InformationI14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?I14.1 What are the OpenVMS differences among VAX, Alpha, and IA-64?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?H14.2 Seeking performance information for Alpha (and VAX) systems?914.3 Console Commands, Serial Lines, and Controls?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?C14.3.1 What commands are available in the Alpha SRM console?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?214.3.2 What does SRM mean? What is PALcode?F14.3.3 Alpha COM ports and VAX console serial line information?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?H14.3.3.1 Which terminal device name is assigned to the COM ports?F14.3.3.2 Which serial port is the console on the MicroVAX 3100?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?F14.3.3.3 How can I set up an alternate console on a VAXstation?@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II@14.3.3.4 Please explain the back panel of the MicroVAX II;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?;14.3.4 What are Alpha console environment variables?414.3.5 What are the boot control flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?6Table 14- 1: I64 Conversational Bootstrap Flags614.3.5.1 What are the I64 IPB boot flag values?814.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?8Table 14- 2: Alpha Conversational Bootstrap Flags814.3.5.2 What are the Alpha APB boot flag values?614.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?6Table 14- 3: VAX Conversational Bootstrap Flags6Table 14- 3: VAX Conversational Bootstrap Flags614.3.5.3 What are the VAX VMB boot flag values?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I booZTn nt an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?H14.3.6 How do I boot an AlphaStation without monitor or keyboard?914.3.7 Downloading and using SRM console Firmware?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?K14.3.7.1 Where can I get updated console firmware for Alpha systems?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?J14.3.7.2 How do I reload SRM firmware on a half-flash Alpha system?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?G14.3.7.3 How do I switch between AlphaBIOS/ARC and SRM consoles?(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options(14.3.8 Console Management Options.14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail?.14.3.9 Why do my EFI Boot Aliases Fail??14.3.10 Can OpenVMS access the EFI console Boot Aliases??14.3.10 Can OpenVMS access the EFI console Boot Aliases?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?:14.3.11 Downloading and using EFI Console Firmware?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?314.4 What platforms will OpenVMS operate on?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?"14.4.1 on the Alpha Multia?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2 on AlphaPC 164LX? AlphaPC 164SX?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?.14.4.2.1 on the NoName AXPpci33 system?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?%14.4.3 on the Alpha XL series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?D14.4.4 OpenVMS on the Personal Workstation -a and -au series?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?B14.4.4.1 OpenVMS on the Whitebox Windows-Only series Alpha?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?E14.4.4.2 OpenVMS and Personal Workstation ATA (IDE) bootstrap?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?214.4.5 On the Intel Itanium IA-64 platform?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?:14.4.5.1 Where can I get Intel Itanium information?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?E14.5 What is the least expensive system that will run OpenVMS?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?>14.6 Where can I get more information on Alpha systems?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?I14.7 Describe Alpha instruction emulation and instruction subsets?514.8 So how do I open up the DEC 3000 chassis?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?#14.9 What is byte swizzling?A14.10 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.10 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.10 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?A14.10 What is the layout of the VAX floating point format?:14.11 Where can I find more info about VAX systems?D14.12 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?D14.12 Where can I find information on NetBSD for VAX systems?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?M14.13 What system disk size limit on the MicroVAX and VAXstation 3100?414.14 What are the VAX processor (CPU) codes?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?G14.15 Where can I get software and hardware support information?J14.16 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.16 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.16 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?J14.16 Where can I get hardware self-maintenance support assistance?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?M14.17 Why does my system halt when I power-cycle the console terminal?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?D14.18 Can I reuse old keyboards, mice and monitors with a PC?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?F14.19 Which video monitor works with which graphics controller?=14.20 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.20 Where can I get information on storage hardware?=14.20 Where can I get information on storage hardware?@14.21 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?@14.21 Why does my LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeat?N14.22 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadN14.22 Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are deadB14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?3Table 14- 4: DE500 Speed and Duplex SettingsB14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?B14.23 Which DE500 variant works with which OpenVMS version?>14.24 How do I set the speed and duplex on OpenVMS I64?>14.24 How do I set the speed and duplex on OpenVMS I64?>14.24 How do I set the speed and duplex on OpenVMS I64?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?K14.25 Third-party or Unsupported disk/tape/controllers/SCSI/widgets?714.25.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.25.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?714.25.1 Lists of third-party widgets on OpenVMS?C14.25.2 Are the 2X-KZPCA-AA and SN-KZPCA-AA LVD Ultra2 SCSI?314.25.3 Resolving DRVERR fatal device error?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?#Table 14- 5: DEC MMJ Pin-out314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?"Table 14- 6: PC DB9 Pin-out314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?(Table 14- 7: MicroVAX DB9 Pin-out314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs?314.26 Looking for connector wiring pin-outs??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?:Table 14- 8: DECconnect MMJ Connectors and Adapters?14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available??14.27 What connectors and wiring adapters are available?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?714.28 What is flow control and how does it work?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements?,14.29 CD and DVD device requirements??14.30 Office-Friendly (Quieter) Integrity rx2620 series??14.30 Office-Friendly (Quieter) Integrity rx2620 series??14.30 Office-Friendly (Quieter) Integrity rx2620 series?@14.31 KVM switches for AlphaServer and Integrity Servers?@14.31 KVM switches for AlphaServer and Integrity Servers?@14.31 KVM switches for AlphaServer and Integrity Servers?/15. Information on Networks and Clusters/15. Information on Networks and Clusters.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?.15.1 How to connect OpenVMS to a Modem?&15.2 OpenVMS and IP Networking?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?515.2.1 How to connect OpenVMS to the Internet?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer?*15.2.2 Connecting to an IP Printer??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP??15.2.3 How do I connect a PostScript printer via TCP/IP?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?D15.2.4 How do I set a default IP route or gateway on OpenVMS?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?A15.2.5 How can I set up reverse telnet (like reverse LAT)?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?F15.2.6 Why can't I use PPP and RAS to connect to OpenVMS Alpha?*15.3 OpenVMS and DECnet Networking?.15.3.1 Can DECnet-Plus operate over IP?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?I15.3.2 What does "failure on back translate address request" mean?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?515.3.3 Performing SET HOST/MOP in DECnet-Plus?915.3.4 How to flush the DECnet-Plus session cache?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?:15.4 How to determine the network hardware address?F15.4.1 How do I reset the LAN (DECnet-Plus NCL) error counters?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?:15.4.2 How do I install DECnet Phase IV on VMS 7.1?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?@15.5 How can I send (radio) pages from my OpenVMS system?015.6 OpenVMS, Clusters, Volume Shadowing?>15.6.1 OpenVMS Cluster Communications Protocol Details?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?;15.6.1.1 OpenVMS Cluster (SCS) over DECnet? Over IP?@15.6.1.2 Configuring Cluster SCS for path load balancing?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?&15.6.1.2.1 Cluster Terminology?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?115.6.1.2.2 Cluster Communications Control?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?E15.6.1.2.3 Cluster Communications Control Tools and Utilities?015.6.2 Cluster System Parameter Settings?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?M15.6.2.1 What is the correct value for EXPECTED_VOTES in a VMScluster?515.6.2.1.1 Why no shadowing for a Quorum Disk?515.6.2.1.1 Why no shadowing for a Quorum Disk?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?A15.6.2.2 Explain disk (or tape) allocation class settings?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?J15.6.2.2.1 How to configure allocation classes and Multi-Path SCSI?915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC915.6.3 Tell me about SET HOST/DUP and SET HOST/HSC415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)415.6.4 How do I rename a DSSI disk (or tape?)F15.6.5 Where can I get Fibre Channel Storage (SAN) information??15.6.6 Which files must be shared in an OpenVMS Cluster?/Table 15- 1: Cluster Common Shared Files?15.6.6 Which files must be shared in an OpenVMS Cluster??15.6.6 Which files must be shared in an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?415.6.7 How can I split up an OpenVMS Cluster?*15.6.8 Details on Volume Shadowing?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes?L15.6.8.1 Does volume shadowing require a non-zero allocation classes? Zfaq_preface faq_preface_sectioncontributorsfaqarchivesproductionsecindex tfp$faq_introduction%faq_introduction_ch&intro_urls'tbl_core_websites(intro_newsgroups)intro1*intro2/intro72intro36intro48tbl_infovax;intro5Dintro6KfeedbackLintro8OambassadorsRmarketingSintro8_techWfaq_generalXfaq_general_chY vms1j vms2mvmsnamer vms3s vms4w vms5{ vms7tbl_cd_mediatbl_oe_ordertbl_oe_suffixtbl_listings_mediasqpdownloads vms8vmslicenses vms9hhobbyist_vendorsvmseduvms9dspp vms9 vms10 vms11 vms12 vms13tbl_rot vms14 vms15 vms16 vms17 unitsprog14prog15misc22faq_documentationfaq_documentation_ch doc1 doc2 tbl_websites doc4 doc5 doc10 doc11doc11_1tbl_tutorialsdoc11_2tbl_dp_books" doc13#tbl_email%tbl_forums& doc14.doccrtl1faq_time2faq_time_ch3 time1=time11>time11_details?toyclockBvax_systimeCtodcbaseD todrJalpha_detailsKbb_watchNalpha_systimeOhwclockS time9V time2^ time6gtimehwltimeclubatcho time3ttimebackwardsx time8} time7 time4timezictime13us_daylighttimelnm time5time10timemarvaltime12timew32timefaq_managementfaq_management_ch mgmt1 mgmt2mgmtsecurity mgmt3 mgmt4 mgmt5mgmt5amgmt5b mgmt9(mgmt11,mgmt153mgmt164alpha_path:i64_path=vax_pathBrolling_upgradesIvax_manualsKsupportVterminology\mgmt17cmgmt18imgmt19pmgmt21ymgmt23~mgmt24 elsapowerstorm300powerstorm3d30radeon7500mgmt25mgmt27mgmt30mgmt31mgmt32mgmt33mgmt34mgmt37mgmt38mgmt39mgmt40mgmt41pcsi_generationsmgmt43mgmt46mgmt48mgmt49mgmt50mgmt51mgmt52mgmt53mgmt56mgmt57mgmt59mgmt60mgmt62"mgmt35#mgmt35_10$mgmt35_12&mgmt35_16'mgmt35_200mgmt64:mgmt20Bmgmt12GmgmteraseNmgmtelnetvtTmgmt63Zmgmt63_mc\mgmt63_mm^mgmterapat_mgmtversionshmgmthbvsraidkfaq_maillfaq_mail_chm mail7q mail9xmail10{faq_utilities|faq_utilities_ch} util1 util2 util3 util5 util6faq_dclfaq_dcl_chsymlnm dcl1 dcl3 dcl4 dcl5 dcl6 dcl7 dcl8 dcl9soft10 dcl10 dcl11 dcl12faq_filesfaq_files_ch file1 file2 file3 file4 file5 file6 file7filedvdcd rrd42file2kboot$ file8) file9-filexfc1fileseqrms6filelocked8faq_prog9faq_prog_ch:prefixes@ prog1P prog2T prog3U prog4W prog5X prog7] prog8b prog9dprog10jprog11sprog12tprog13|prog16prog17prog18prog19prog20prog21prog22prog23 soft5commonccommonc2prog101progversionsprogprcdmpprogi64asmprogkernelprogaccvioprogautodin2progtrfaq_decwindowsfaq_decwindows_ch decw1tbl_xdisplay decw2 decw3 decw4 decw6 decw9 decw10keymapping decw5%decw11*decw12,decw131decw148decw15>decw16@decw17AdecwupgFdecwfonts`faq_miscellaneousafaq_miscellaneous_chb misc2pmisc12smisc13{misc20faq_softwarefaq_software_ch soft1  soft2cxwindowstcpiptools vi emacs$ gnv+ gcc6softpli9 soft3A soft4I soft6O soft7Q soft8Ysoft12ksoft13osoft14vvaxemulyfaq_hardwarezfaq_hardware_ch{alpha2alpha5consolealpha20srmpalcodecomportsalpha24 vax9 vax10 vax1alpha12vaxalphar5 i6411tbl_ipbflagsalpha11tbl_apbflags vax7tbl_vmbflagsalpha7alphasrmfwalpha6alpha14alpha21 vcsbootaliasesefiboot efifwplatformsupportalpha8alphapcalpha13alpha15alpha22alpha22aalpha23 itan1 itan2#alpha9-alpha10:alpha16Dalpha18Ealpha19M vax2Q vax3R vax4T vax5] vax11^ supp1f supp2j supp3q supp4{ supp5 supp6 supp7 supp8 supp9tbl_ewmodesuppi64duplexmisc21misc21list scsi1 scsi2wires1tbl_decmmjtbl_pcdb9tbl_uvdb9wires2tbl_adapterswires3cddvddevad244a kvmfaq_networksfaq_networks_ch net2 vmsip net1net100 mgmt6mgmt28mgmt36 misc9vmsdecnetnet200 misc6mgmt58mgmtnclsessflush misc7misc17mgmt14misc15"vmsclusters#vmsscs$misc19)mgmt47*mgmt47scsterm5mgmt47scsutil;mgmt47scstoolDclusterparamsEmgmt10OmgmtqdiskshadQmgmt61Tmgmt42\mgmt13fmgmt26nmgmt44omgmtclussharedptbl_clustcommonsmgmt45volshadmgmt54 @-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-I-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1> -ADOBE-Courier-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1O -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-I-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1Y  > ! {6OOpenVMS" Frequently"Asked! Questions!(FAQ)EO,ThisistheOpenVMS FrequentlyAsked Questions(FAQ)COpostingforthe comp.os.vmsand comp.sys.decusenetO newsgroups. _q-fb SuggestionsandUpdatesWelcome! _q =WPleasesendyour suggestionsforchanges, ad->ditions,!or corrections directly toFAQ Editor%(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com) S )NoSupport Questions,Please 6  WPleasedo =Wnot2Wsend technical questionstotheFAQBEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com).)TheFAQEditor)(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)is notinapositionto@aanswergeneral questions,nortoprovidegeneralCproductsupport.*Rather,pleasepostyour questions?tothe appropriate newsgroup,orpleasecontact>kyour preferredhardwareand/orsoftwaresupport$organization(s) directly. \<WYour understandinginthismatterisgreatly appreciated.  }NOIfyoubelieveany particular discussionworthyof inclusionLOinafutureeditionoftheFAQand particularlyonceyou-O5haveorknowboththequestion 5and5theanswer,pleaseJOthensendtheentire discussionalongtotheFAQEditorAO(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)for potential inclusion.GODonotethattheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)NOtakesURLlink continuity seriously,andstrivestomaintainLO5currentlinks./Thisis, however,alargetask,anditisKOonlybecomingmore difficult.+URLlink continuityisalsoPO somethingthatyoucanassistwith,ofcourse.)IfyoushouldOO>findadeadlinkorastaleURLpointer,pleasenotifytheMOFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com).(IfyouhaveorcanLOfindthecurrent,correctorupdatedURL,ofcourse,thatMOHgreatlyassiststheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)in:O maintainingthemostcurrentsetoflinks.R(OThankyou! +Postto NewsgroupsWithCare! #Pleaseconsiderreading;Section1.3beforepostingtoCthe comp.os.vmsoranyother newsgroups.'(Whatyou1>postcancomebacktohauntyou.) *;P}?;! O ContributorsKO4Manypeoplehave contributedtothisFAQ,directlyand/orPO indirectly.)Inmanycases,partorallofananswerincludedOOintheFAQhasbeenadaptedfromoneormorepostingsfromIO=the comp.os.vmsorothernewsgroup-thisthough individualMO citationsandspecific quotationsare generallynotincludedHOinthisFAQ.(TheFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)SOGwishestothanktoallofthosefolkswhopostanswerstotheOO newsgroups,andthathave contributedtothecontentsofand9Otothegeneral improvementsofthisFAQ.)W! -NOThe followingisan incompletelistofthefolksthathaveKO contributeddirectlyor indirectlytothecontentsoftheCO5OpenVMSFAQ. Additions, corrections,andupdatestoLOthislistof contributorsandtothecontentsoftheFAQLOitselfarewelcome,andall omissionsand misspellingsareQO>unintentional.'Thankstoeachofthe contributorshere,andtoSOallofthefolksthathave participatedintheFAQandintheO newsgroups.! AOJimAgnew, Paul Anderson, Jason Armistead, ZoltanGO Arpadffy,JohnAtoZ,Bailey,GaryBarclay,(The)Beav,KO5JeremyBegg,ColinBlake,Fabrice Blanquart,Ken Blaylock,DOKennethBlock,Bol,CraigBerry,Mark Berryman,JimOOBecker,VerellBoaen,Bol,JimBrankin,RichardBrodie,ColinJO>Butcher,RobertAlanByer,Jeff Campbell,Scott Campbell,EOAntonioCarlini,Keith Cayemberg,KenChaney,Cristy,FOJohnCroll,DavidJ. Dachtera,Robert Deininger,DaleFOH Dellutri,LeoDemers,SueDenham,ThomasDickey,EricGODittman,MikeDuffy,JimDunham,Eric,Glenn Everhart,FOKen Fairfield,YaacovFenster,Gunther Froehlin,HarryMOR Garonzik,DerekGarson,John Gillings,Andy Goldstein,ClairHOGrant,HunterGoatley,Ruth Goldenberg,Vance Haemmerle,LOKiSukHahn,SHarris,RichHearn,FletcherHearns,PhillipGO[Helbig,HeinvandenHeuvel,StephenHoffman,EberhardBOHeuser-Hofmann,SueHolt,MarkHopkins,Horn,Jaf,KO LeifJansson,KevinJenkins,DonR.Jones,HenryJuengst,OOeinazu_k,Geoff Kingsmill,Fred Kleinsorge,FelixKreisel,VeliGOKorkko,RuslanR.Laishev,Peter ``EPLAN'' Langstoeger,GONorm Lastovica,p_lee,Jerry Leichter,RichardLevitte,FOoTomLinden,SteveLionel,Denis Maillard,KerryMain,JOJohnE. Malmberg,DavidMathog,DaleMiller,IanMiller,CO DickMunroe,PatrickMoreau, Morrison,otis,GeorgeJOx Pagliarulo,KeithParris,Plass,pvhp,DavidRabahy,StanHO Rabinowitz,Mike Raspuzzi,SteveReece,NeilRieck,IanIO) Ring,Aaron Sakovich,WarrenSander,MarkSchafer,BrianCO Schenkenberger,AtlantSchmidt,WayneSewell,StevenIO  Shamlian,Sue Skonetski,ScottSnadow,SueSommer,ScottIO3 Squires,stfp,DaveSweeney,Mike Thompson,ArneVajhj,GO Martin Vorlnder,PeterWeaver,WilliamWebb, Williams,'O Paul Winalski,UweZinser. GOAgain, anyomissionfromthislistandanyerrorsorJO misspellingsareentirelyunintentional.-PleasenotifytheGO5FAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)ofany omissions,QO corrections,orupdatesthatmightbeneededwithinthislist.OOAndthankstoeachofthese individualsfortheir assistanceQO>andfortheircontributions,and particularlyforsharingtheirO expertise.F K! ;O1.5BOpenVMSSupport, Questionsand Comments?COUThe followingsectionincludescontactsforOpenVMSNO Feedback,and informationonhowtoobtain technicalsupportO information.L! EO1.5.1B CorporatecontactsforOpenVMSBusinessIssues?IO4TheHP corporatecontactforOpenVMSbusinessissuesisLOAnnMcQuaid,theHPGeneralManagerdirectlyinchargeofGOOpenVMSandOpenVMS Engineering,whilefeaturerequestsHO=andotherrelatedmattersshouldberoutedtoMaryJane4OVazquez,theOpenVMSBusinessManager.M afGOAnnandMaryJanewillquite obviouslyrespondbesttoEOcogently-wordedOpenVMScorporate-levelbusinessissuesRO5or requests.(Withallduerespecttoall involved,neitherAnnLOnorMaryJaneare appropriatecontactsfor technicalsupportPOmattersnorfor technicalsupport requests,norforanyotherDO>non-corporate-related,non-business-related issues-theseNO questionsarebestroutedtothelocalorregionalcustomerJOsupportcenter;tothesupport, technicaland engineeringOHteams.NNMOToreachAnnorMaryJanevia electronicmail,placeadotMObetweenthefirstandthesurname,andappendtheexpectedO5HP.COMdomain. Oj&O1.5.2BOpenVMS Ambassadors?EO4TheOpenVMS AmbassadorsareseniorHP engineerswithEOadvanced technical knowledgeandadvancedtraininginGOOpenVMS,withdetailed knowledgeofcurrentandfutureFO=OpenVMSreleasesandproductplans,andwithcontactsDOdirectlywiththeHPandISVhardwareandsoftware>O engineering organizations developingOpenVMSandHOGOpenVMShardware platforms,aswellaslayeredproductsDOandtools./Further, Ambassadorsare experiencedwithGO integratingHPOpenVMSandapplication-specificproductsNOQandISV applicationstosolvespecificbusiness requirements.mPCCOOpenVMS Ambassadorsarebased throughouttheworld.QKOYourHPsalesrepresentativeorHPresellerwillbeable?OconnectyouwithyourlocalOpenVMS Ambassador.R~>O1.5.3BContactforOpenVMS MarketingIssuesand<( Questions?OPleaseseeSection3.4.*RO|?wS VM@O1.5.4BContactURLsforOpenVMS TechnicalIssues?JO4Forformal technicalissuesand technicalsupport,pleaseNOcontactyoursoftwaresupport organization,oryourlocalHPKOCustomerSupportCenterorHP Reseller.'InNorthAmerica,*O=youcancall1-800-HP-INVENT.T! EOForinformal(free)support resources, seethenews-@Ogroups including comp.os.vms (news://comp.os.vms/JO5 comp.os.vms),seetheITRC discussionforums,theJamesIOsupportdatabasesearchengine(search assistanttool)(CO0http://www2.itrc.hp.com/service/james/CPQhome.do),andNO>seesectionsofthisdocument includingtheplatformsupportO informationinjSection14.4,.5sourcesofsoftwareandhardwareOsupportinSection14.15,/ informationon third-partydevices(OHand unsupportedhardwareinHSection14.25,Handthemany.Oothersectionsofthis document.*TjZ?*T?^*T ?UaIOPleaseremembertoreviewandtobookmarkthe followingOsupportURLs:YV]/ `m'mhttp://www.hp.com/go/openvms/ `:0http://www2.itrc.hp.com/service/james/CPQhome.do `lAl$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (referenceonly;1useITRCforumsfornew questions) `D0D&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/}YwV:O2.1BWhatisOpenVMS?Whatisitshistory?GOUOpenVMS, originallycalledVMS(VirtualMemorySystem),MOwasfirst conceivedin1976asanew operatingsystemforHOthe then-new,32-bit,virtualmemorylineof computers,@O^ eventuallynamedVAX(VirtualAddress eXtension).AZKOThefirstVAXmodel,the11/780,was code-named ``Star'',COhencethecodenamefortheVMS operatingsystem,MO5 ``Starlet'',anamethatremainstothisdaythenamefor successortotheRSX-11M operatingsystemforthePDP-GO11.-Manyoftheoriginal designersand programmersofCOOpenVMShadworked previouslyonRSX-11M,andmanyDOHconceptsfromRSX-11MwerecarriedovertoOpenVMS.]WFOOpenVMSVAXisa32-bit, multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(CurrentimplementationsIO5runonVAXsystemsfromHPandothervendors,aswellDOasonhardware emulators;!for additional information%Oon emulators,pleasesee'AreVAXHardware EmulatorsO> Available? >andn]vD::>O>O^NGOOpenVMSAlphaisa64-bit multitasking,multiprocessingGOvirtualmemory operatingsystem.(CurrentimplementationsBO5runonAlphasystemsfromHP,andothervendors.L_"AOOpenVMS has also been ported to the!Intel IA-64MO architecture,and specificallytoHP IntegritysystemsusingHO5microprocessorsfromtheIntelItanium ProcessorFamily.FOThisimplementationofOpenVMSis officiallyknownasGO``HPOpenVMSfor Integrity Servers''andmorecommonlyLO>as ``OpenVMSI64'',anditoperatesinthenativeItaniumFOIA-64 architectureand64-bit environment.)OpenVMSI64JOprovidessupportfor applications requiring32-or64-bitOOHvirtual addressing capabilitiesentirelywithinthenative64-MObitItanium execution environment.)(Fordetailsonthisand,Orelated terminology,pleaseseeSection14.4.5.)*_?`LOFormoredetailsonOpenVMSandits features,pleaseread;OtheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Descriptionat:ba8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/b _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx. cNJO Additional informationonthegeneralfeaturesofvariousMOOpenVMS releases,releasedates,aswellasthe developmentKO5projectcodenamesofspecific releases,is availableat:dd `m;m1http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/os/openvms-release-history.htmleNIO Additional historicalinformation-aswellaspicturesandIOavarietyofother trivia-is availableintheVAX20thO5 anniversarybook:ufq K `m@m6http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/20th/vmsbook.pdfg! NOFor informationontheFreeVMSproject,andonhobbyistand;O educationalversionsofOpenVMS,pleasesee:h `m?m5http://www.systella.fr/~bertrand/FreeVMS/indexGB.html `.$http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeVMS `l)lhttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/ `$http://www.openvmsedu.com/EiFOAlso please seethe related software licensing topicsOSection2.8.4,9Section2.8.1, "andSection2.15,and(for@O5 developers workingon commercial applicationsforOOpenVMS)Section2.8.3.*iO?*i9?*i?*iP?Qmw'@O2.3BWhat'sinaName?' Terminologyand Products?GOUThepropernamesforOpenVMSonthevarious platformsEOare ``OpenVMSVAX'', ``OpenVMSAlpha'',and ``OpenVMSFOI64''.-Useof ``OpenVMSAXP''andof ``VAX/VMS''areO^ deprecated.nJOTheVAXandAlphatermsarelargelyinterchangeablyusedKOasthenamesof platforms,of processorormicroprocessor?O5implementations,"and of the! respective computingOarchitectures.roH=OSomewhat confusing to long-timeOpenVMS users,BOIntelIA-32,IA-64,andEM64T,andAMDAMD64areDO5thenamesofvarious computing architecturesandofHO architectural extensions.-Only.,Thesearenotthenames=Oofanyimplementations,norofany platforms.qpGJOIntelItaniumisthenameofafamilyofmicroprocessorCOimplementations oftheIntelIA-64 architecture,!asFO5IntelPentiumandXeonarethenamesoffamiliesof@Omicroprocessorimplementations ofIntelIA-32and4O (potentially)oftheEM64T extensions.q YGOI64isthegenericnameforthevariousHP IntegrityHO platforms supportedbyHPOpenVMSfor IntegrityServersKO5(andmorecommonlyas ``OpenVMSI64'');forthe platformsAO supportedbyOpenVMS I64.2(For additional related#O terminology,pleaseseeSection14.4.5.)*q?r :O2.3.1BHowdoIportfromVMStoOpenVMS?>O4Youalreadydid.(Wasn'tthateasy?'Pleasesee4Section2.2 u4forOdetails.*r}?j4 Vs,5O2.4BWhichisbetter,OpenVMSorUNIX?KOUThisquestioncomesup periodically,usuallyaskedbynewGO subscribersandnewposterswhoare long-timeUNIXorIOLinuxusers.- Sometimes,thequestionisignoredtotally;QO^othertimes,itleadstoalongseriesof repetitivemessagesLOthatconvincenooneandusuallycarrylittleifanynewGO information./Pleasedoeveryoneafavorandavoidre-8Ohstartingthis perpetual, fruitlessdebate.bt 8EOThatsaid,OpenVMSandthebetterimplementationsofOOUNIXareallfine operatingsystems,eachwithits strengthsMO5and weaknesses.*Ifyou'reinapositionwhereyouneedtoOOchoose,selecttheonethatbestfitsyourown requirements,EO considering, forexample, whetherornotthelayeredJO>productsorspecificOSfeaturesyouwantare available,GOand consideringtheexpectedcost-of-ownershipoverthe2Olifetimeofthesystem installation.0uNOIfyouareaskingthis question,youareprobably comparingBOOpenVMStoUNIX.Itwasonce certainlytruethatGO5OpenVMSandUNIXwerequite different.)InmorerecentNOtimes,therearetoolsandCAPIsonOpenVMSthatdirectlyJOprovideorthateasilysupportportingUNIXprogramsandDO> commands,andthereare equivalentpackagesbringing?OvariousOpenVMSfeaturesand mechanismstoUNIXO platforms.v! WJOIfyouseekUNIXtoolsonOpenVMSratherthanthemorePO philosophical discussionfoundinthissection,pleaseseethe8O5GNVpackageandotherGNU discussionsin5Section13.2.6,QOandpleaseseetheplethoraofCcalls currently availableinKOtheHPCRun-TimeLibrarydocumentation,briefly discussedO>overinc>Section13.2.1.*v?$*vc?H#{nrAO2.6BWhatOpenVMS distributionkitsare available?1OUVarious distributionsare available.|jHOForthemostcurrent informationonthe availablepartHOnumbersandcurrentproducts(OpenVMS distributionkits,KO5media,documentation,etc)andthemostcurrent associatedEO licensing information,pleaseseethecurrentOpenVMSJOSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) document, availableat:b}8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/~ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.w! M"OTheCD-ROMslistedinTable2-1%?containjusttheOpenVMSIOAlpha operatingsystem.*The operatingsystem distributionIO5kitsare bootable,andcanbeusedtorunBACKUPfromNOtheopticalmedia,aswellas performingan installationorOupgrade.*F`?D EOOpenVMSI64is distributedonDVD-ROMmedia,andisJO bootable.*OpenVMSI64 licensingis implementedonaper-MO<processor-socketbasis,withtheclassiclicensetiersbasedKOonthenumbersof processorsocketsthatcanbepresent.KOFurther,threegeneralproductand licensing groupingsareEOE optionally availablewithOpenVMSI64,the FoundationDO Operating Environment(FOE),the Enterprise OperatingIO Environment(EOE),and (as/when/if available)theMissionCOOCritical Operating Environment(MCOE).Seperateper-SOproductlicensesare generallyalso availableforvariousofthe@Oproductswithinthe Operating Environmentgroups.NOTheproductsuffixrequiredfortheordernumberslistedinOTable2-2canbefoundin Table2-3.*Oa?* a? ?OTheOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI640Osourcelistingssets referencedinTable2-4dincludethesourceHO<listingsofmostofOpenVMS,andthesemachine-readableLO distributionsare invaluableforanyfolksworkingdirectlyIOwithOpenVMS internals,aswellasforfolks interestedAOEinseeingexamplesofvariousOpenVMS programmingO interfaces.*a?^EO AdditionalOpenVMSpackagesand technologies includingBO NetBeans,XML,SOAP,UDDI,JDK,Perl,Tomcat,SSLEO<andsuchare discussedwithintheOpenVMS e-BusinessKOInfrastructurePackageSPD 80.58.xx.)Again,pleaseseetheCOOpenVMSSPDandthe documentsandparts referenced6OEthereforthemostcurrent information.NGOFor informationonnon-commercialsoftware distributionsBOfor!use by and for OpenVMS! Hobbyists,"please seeO5Section2.8.1.*O?7V ?O2.6.1BWherecanIdownloadOpenVMSandLayered<(ProductKits?AOHP customerswith commerciallicensesandsupportIO contractscandownloadsoftwareproduct distributionkits,O=fromthe followingHPwebsite:S) `mmhttp://www1.sqp.com/ QOYoucanalsofindpointerstotheSoftwareRolloutReportandIOtotheOpenVMSSPDlistingsviatheaboveSQPwebsite.y OOO Informationon obtainingand transferinglicensesis available OinSection2.6 JandSection2.8.4,%while informationontheCO5OpenVMSHobbyist licensingprogramandon obtaining7Ohobbyistproduct distributionkitsisinSection2.8.1.*~?{*?*P?z$#%>O2.8B Obtainingand TransferingOpenVMS licenses?HOUThe followingsectionsdescribehobbyistand educationalGOlicense programs,aswellas informationon commercial#Olicensesand transfers.} SCOFor informationonthe available commercialOpenVMSOOlicensesandfor informationonlicense transfers,pleaseseeO5Section2.8.4.9A5OpenVMSHobbyistlicensesare discussedinOSection2.8.1.;=For informationonthe licensing implementa-NOtion,troubleshooting licensing problems,ontheLicenseUnitMO> RequirementsTable(LURT),andotherrelateddetails,please OseeSection5.39.6For configuringandtroubleshootingLMF, OseeSection12.4.*O?*OP?*Z?*?{/`DO2.8.1B QuestionsaskedbyHobbyistOpenVMS licensees?EO4Ifyouareamemberofan HP-recognizedusergroupDO(eg:- Encompass,Enterex,DECUS),andare consideringJO acquiringandusingaVAX,Alphaor(soon)IA-64systemIO=forhobbyist(non-commercial)use,(free)licenseproductBO authorizationkeys(PAKs)forOpenVMSVAX,OpenVMSJOAlpha,and (reportedly)OpenVMSI64,andlayeredproductsOGare available.ik?IOInadditiontothelicensekeys,OpenVMSVAXandAlphaHO distributionCD-ROM distributionkitsare availablewith;O5OpenVMS, DECwindowsMotif, DECnetandTCP/IPJO networking, compilers,andavarietyoflayered products.GO(Ahobbyist distributionforOpenVMSI64is expected.)EO>(WhilethehobbyistCD-ROM distributionsareintendedJOforandtailoredforOpenVMS Hobbyists,thecontentsandOO capabilitiesoftheHobbyist installationkitsincludedwithinJOHtheOpenVMSHobbyist distributiondonotdifferfromtheIOstandard distribution installationkits..TheproductsareLOchosentoreflectthemostpopularproductsandthespace%OR availableonthemedia.)-KOIfyouhave questionsonwhatelseis authorizedbytheKOlicense agreementandonwhatother distributionmediaisMO5 availabletoyou,well,pleasereadthe applicablesoftware Olicense agreement(s).a77OForfurther information,pleaselinkto:^4 `m)mhttp://www.openvmshobbyist.org/nDEOOntheOpenVMSHobbyistlicense registrationformatNOtheabovewebsite(asofAugust2005),youareofferedtheHO5choiceofthe ``OpenVMSVAX'' license(s),the ``OpenVMSOOAlpha'' license(s),andthe ``Layered Products'' licenses.)YouLOwillwantthe operatingsystemlicenseforyour particularO>OpenVMSplatform 2>and)>youwillwantthe ``LayeredNO Products'' licenses.,Youwillwanttoselectandtoacquire Otwo"setsoflicensePAKs.IOForvendorswishingtolicenseproducts specificallyforMOhobbyistuse(andtonotissuehobbyistPAKs),theprogram@O5provides hobbyistswiththelicensePAKOPENVMS-O HOBBYIST.! MOIfyouplantouseahardwareemulator(eg:(VAX emulator)EOona MicrosoftWindows platform,makesureyouhaveJO5anOpenVMS distributionkitthatcanbe installedand/orIObootedwiththe particularemulatorpackageyouplantoIOuse.-For additional informationon emulators,pleaseseeO>Section13.12?4>and particularlypleaseseetheemulator-relatedOdocumentation.*O?vS 8O2.8.1.1CVendorsofferingHobbyistLicenses `PP GrayMatterSoftwareZ'http://www.graysoft.com/GSCHobbyPR.html'http://www.graysoft.com/GSCHobbyPR.html `''ArgentSoftware4*http://jams.argent-software.com/hobby.html `Kednos Xhttp://www.kednos.com/ ` LJK0http://ljk.com `ProcessSoftware6,http://www.process.com/openvms/hobbyist.html `Raxco(http://www.raxco.com/hobbyist/ `_3_Software Resources International(SRI)A7http://www.softresint.com/charon-vax/Tools_and_tips.htmNHOHobbyistlicenseproduct additions, andanyupdatesforIOproductsalreadylistedherearewelcome.-Pleasecontact7O5theFAQEditor(hoff{atsign}hp{period}com)QV';O2.8.2BOpenVMS EducationalandCSLG licenses?CO4For informationonOpenVMSlicensesfor educationalEO customers,pleaseseetheHPCampusSoftwareLicensePAKGENPAKtogenerateanylicensePAKyoumightOwant.)pOPleaseseeSection2.8.31for additionaldetailsontheDSPPOprogram.*F?EOFor informationontheOpenbVMSHobbyistandOpenVMS6O Educationallicense programs,pleasesee Section2.8.1.* ?G HO2.8.4BHowdoIobtainortransferanOpenVMSlicense?IO4Totransfera commercialOpenVMSlicensefromoneownerKOtoanother,ortopurchasea commerciallicense,youcanAOcontactHPatregionalsalesofficeor reseller.fMOFor informationonthehobbyistlicenseprogram,pleaseseeOSection2.8.1.*O?-(&%' <|GO2.10COpenVMSPorts?'Itanium?'PortstoIA-32,EM64Tor'(AMD64systems?HOOpenVMShasbeenportedtoandis operationalonfourGOarchitectures:-VAX,Alpha,IA-64,andIA-32.-ThefirstJO^threehave availablenativeportsofOpenVMS,thefourthMOis availablevia emulation.+VAXistheoldest architecture,JOandlimitedto32-bitvirtualandupto34-bitphysicalGOh addressing.,TheAlphaandIA-64 architecturesarebothOO64-bitarchitectures,with64-bitvirtual addressing available.KOThe availableIA-32 emulationisprovidedfortheOpenVMSJOrVAXandotherVAX operatingsystems,andprovidesa32-GObitVAX environment.,For additional informationonthe!O# emulation,pleaseseeR#Section13.12.*R?vP ~&IOAsfor(thelackof)anativeportforIA-32,OpenVMSJO Engineering presentlyand continuestobelievethatthereOO5wouldbe insufficientmarket(read:'profit,customer interest)LOtojustifythecostinvolvedinanativeportofOpenVMSLOtosystemsusingtheIntelIA-32 architecture.+InadditionPO>tothedirectcostsinvolvedinanyportandinadditiontoIOthe substantialeffortinvolvedinmoving backwardsfromJOa64-bit environmentonAlphaandonIA-64toa32-bitJOHplatform(suchasIA-32),andthe exceedingly non-trivialNOdevice qualificationcostsandthecostsinmoving backwardsIOintoolderPCIandI/O environments(IA-32systemsmoreOORthanafewyearsoldhave equivalentlyagedI/OsupportandHObuses),each organizationandeachperson maintainingaQOproductorapackageforOpenVMSwillhavetojustifyaportDO[to ``OpenVMSIA-32'', ``OpenVMSEM64T''or ``OpenVMSLOAMD64'',akintothe decisionsandtheeffortinvolvedinFO portingaproductfromOpenVMSVAXtoOpenVMSAlpha,*OeortheporttoOpenVMSI64.~! tTOOPlatformportsofmanyofthevariousproductscanbeeasy,HOandmanyoftheportsof applicationsusing documentedEO5OpenVMSfeaturesareexpectedtorequirelittlemoreJOthanasourcerebuild.+OtherproductscananddodependFOonplatform-specificor undocumented features,andtheIO> associatedportscanbemore involved.- Regardless,portsLOof operatingsystemsareverylargeandinvolved projects.DOThe prerequisiteproduct requirementsforanOpenVMSNOH operatingsystemportarealso non-trivial,aswell-compilersSOin particularare obviously required,andthesuiteof compilersKOprovidedmustmaintainaveryhighdegreeof source-levelLOR compatibilityacrossthe platforms.,InthecaseoftheHPJO Integrityport,OpenVMSI64V8.0usedcross-compilersandKO cross-tools operatingonOpenVMSAlphasystems,whileV8.2BO[andlaterhavevariousnative compilers available.m CNOTheOpenVMSI64portwas centrallybuiltusingtheexistingGOOpenVMSAlpha environmentandaroundtheworkandtheCO5 knowledgefromtheOpenVMSAlphaport,andOpenVMSGO Engineeringfullyexpectsthat customersandISVswillHOuseandwillcontinuetouseOpenVMSAlphasystemstoEO>assistwiththeirownportstoOpenVMSI64.-OpenVMSHO Engineeringfullyexpectstosee customersusingmixed-OO architectureclustersandfullysharedfilesystems,aswell.! aDOOpenVMS EngineeringiswellawareoftheAMDAMD64SO(64-bit)platformand processors.'(Atleastoneofthe availableIO5VAX emulatorscan reportedlyutilizepartsoftheAMD64KO instructionset,pleasecontacttheVAXemulator vendor(s)QOor maintainer(s)for assistanceanddetailsontheir products.)LO>OpenVMS EngineeringisalsowellawareoftheIntelEM64T0Oplatformand processors.,Thereare lnoplanstoprovideaJOnativeportofHPOpenVMSforanysystemsbasedonthe7OHAMDAMD64norIntelEM64Tarchitectures. KOAspartoftheworkleadingtotheItaniumport,seniorIO engineershad extensively evaluatedtheproductsandtheLO5 architectures availableacrossthehigh-end64-bit computingMOspace,andchosetotargetItaniumfor64-bit environments-HOthiswhileundertheCompaq organization.+ThisincludedNO>lookingatIA-32.(HP(a co-developerofItaniumwithIntel)NOhad seperatelychosentotargetIntelItaniumforitshigh-BOendcomputer products.-Compaqthen announcedplansIOHforthefutureofAlphathrough EV7-seriesproductsandGO platforms,andHP (entirely seperately) announcedplansGOforPA-RISCproductsand platforms.*TheItaniumtargetHORhasbeen maintained consistentlysincetheItaniumportIOwas announcedbyCompaq,andhasalsobeen consistentlyCO maintainedbyHPandbythecombinedcompany..ForPO[thosefolks preferingtofollowthe schedulesandtheproductDO deliveries,OpenVMS EngineeringhadOpenVMSI64V8.0LO ready (internally)aheadof schedule-andwithmorefeaturesOOe availablewithinthereleasethanhadbeen originallyplannedLOfortherelease.,(For informationonandfor schedulesofIOfutureOpenVMS releases,pleaseseetheroadmapthatis0Oo availableattheOpenVMS website.) kZHOOpenVMSI64itselfdoesnotrequireanddoesnotplanIOtoutilizetheItaniumIA-3232-bit environmentfortheIO5 operationofOpenVMSitself.*OpenVMSI64V8.0andlaterPOrunnativelyontheItanium processorfamily,withnouseofGOIA-32 instructions.*WhileOpenVMScananddoessupportFO>32-bitOpenVMS applicationsand addressingonItanium,FOthisisdonewithsign-extension addressing techniquesNOentirely analogoustowhatwasdonewith32-bit applicationsHOH operatinginthe64-bitAlpha environment.(BothOpenVMSIO32-bitand64-bit applicationsoperatewithinthenativeIOItanium instructionsetandrun-time environment,anddo5ORnotusetheItaniumIA-32 environment.! /JOButyes,anativeIA-32portoranativeAMDAMD64orEOIntelEM64TportofOpenVMSwould certainlybeniceIO5to have-this,ofcourse, followingthe traditionalLinuxOO preferenceforhavingaLinuxport availableformost(all?)IOcomputer architecturesknown,andevenforcertainhigh-JO>end refrigeratorsand toasters,andsimilarappliance-likeIOdevices.*(Thedownsideofthisall-encompassing approach:IOthisrequires near-infinite engineeringandsupportcostsIOHfromthevariousvendors involved,andthe qualificationLOeffortsandcostsofmosteverything-everywhere.'OrreducedNOor eliminatedtestingandsupportefforts.(Oran unfortunateJOR combinationofthesetwo.-Thesecostsarehuge,andtheGObenefitsderivedfromtheworkare comparativelysmallMOwhengiventhe comparablecostsofmoretargeted(andthusDO[ supportedand supportable)hardwareconfigurations-theIOplatformtargetsareandmustbe carefullyselectedandGO  consideredbyeachvendor.*Putanotherway,thereare 1 noLOeplanstoprovideanativeportofHPOpenVMSforsystemsLObasedonIntelIA-32 processors,norforsystemsbasedonHOAMDAMD64norIntelEM64T architecturesand processors.D! LOAllthismaterialhavingbeenwritten,haveyoulookedatGOthesystemconfigurationsandpricingofthe availableDO5HP IntegrityIntelItaniumsystems?,Low-endcomputerJOhardwareisclearlya commodityproduct,andthesystemsIOarepriced, serviced, upgraded,andreplaced accordingly.KO>IntelItaniumisa commoditymicroprocessor presentlyusedEOin platforms availablefromvarioushardwarevendors,EO including (obviously)fromHP.Further, ItaniumisaHOHmicroprocessor availablefromand supportedbyIntel,aEO semiconductorvendorknownfor exceedingly high-volumeNOmicroprocessor fabricationprocessand production capabilities. NFOFor informationon supported platformsand processors,JOpleaseseetheOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD) O5at:b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.YOPleaseseeSection14.4.5+forIntelItanium terminology.*F?( '* 8O2.12CWhatversionofOpenVMSdoIneed?GOUFor informationon supported platforms,pleaseseetheBOOpenVMSSoftwareProduct Description(SPD)forthe5O particularOpenVMSversionof interest.b8 `m-m#http://h18000.www1.hp.com/info/spd/ _GWOpenVMS typicallyusesSPD 25.01.xx,SPD 41.87.xx,andSPD 82.35.xx.f <IOForatableoftheminimumand(as applicable)maximumLOOpenVMSversionsrequiredforvarious platforms,pleaseseeFO5thehardwaresupportchartatHPOpenVMSwebsiteandRO(as available)the following (potentially volatile;intra-website)Olink:uk K `m@m6http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/hw_supportchart.html NJOFor informationontheMultia,relatedAlpha single-boardOO computers,orother officially unsupportedsystems,pleaseseeO5Section14.4.1 H5and5Section 14.4.2.1.*O?*?2DOThe followingisa rule-of-thumbforAlphaplatformOsupport.(ThetableTable2-5*qcontainstheearliestOpenVMSNO5Alphareleasewithsupportfora particularseriesofAlphaOmicroprocessors:*b? UKOSpecifichardwarepresentandvarioussystemconfigurationsDOcanrequireOpenVMSAlphareleaseslaterthanthoseO< referencedinC<Table2-5.*Ca? -,.#:O2.16Cmemory management,resource management,$'#process scheduling,etc?IOSoyouhavebeen instructedtowriteaschoolresearchEOpaperonOpenVMS,andyouneed technicalcontentonAOYtheOpenVMSVirtualMemorySystem,onanymemoryDO segmentation,onOpenVMSResource Management,ontheJO OpenVMSFileSystem,ontheOpenVMSuser interface,etc.: LO Invariably,yourprofessor/instructor/teacherwillaskyouaPOseriesof questions.'Most commonly,the questionswillrequestNO5 descriptionsofoneormoreofthe followingitems,andat&Ovaryinglevelsofdetail: `m+mprocess scheduling algorithm(s) `% Interprocess comunications `l:lProcessorsystemsynchronization constructs `5Memory management and/or virtual!memoryDimplementation `(RMSorXQPfile structures `BBResource management `"HistoryofHPOpenVMS `A=AHistory of Compaq and/or ofDigital Equipment Corporation(DEC) aBOAny particular presentationor researchpaper,!andEO particularlya scholastic presentation, canhavemanyHO5 different potentialtarget audiences,andvery differentIO presentationlevels.+Further,theusual underlyingreasonMOfor scholastic presentationsand scholasticresearchprojectsSO>reallyhaslittletodowiththesubjectmatter,itisataskQO specificallyintendedtoteachthe student(s)(eg:(you)howtoLOperformthe research.(The instructoralreadyknowsmostofROH(allof?)'the informationthatyouhavebeenaskedtocollect.atBOForvery technicaldetailsonOpenVMSandOpenVMSIO internals,thebookyouwantisthe InternalsandDataBO5 StructuresManual(IDSM), availableinyourschoolDOor computingcenterlibrary, andtheIDSMcanalsoHObe purchased.. Additional technicaldetailsoftheAlphaFO>microprocessorare availableintheAlpha ArchitectureDO ReferenceManual documentationthatis availableforHO download.+ (PointerstoAlpha technical documentationareOH availableinHSection14.6,Hand elsewhere.)* ?-|RFOFor higher-level(less technical)details,theOpenVMSGO documentationsetis availableon-line.*The ProgrammingMO5ConceptsandtheFileSystemsmanualareprobablythebestNOmanualstostartwith, dependingonthe particularlevelof*Odetailtheresearch requires.! jJOAndplease understandthe hesitationofvariousfolkstoIOprovideyouwithacompletely-writtenresearchreportonNO5yourtopic.&Why?'WemighthavetoworkwithyouafteryouJO graduate-youneedtoknowhowtoperformatleastbasic?Oresearchonyourown, regardlessofthetopic.0 /1 IO3.1BWherecanIfindonlinecopiesofOpenVMSmanuals?DOUTheHPOpenVMSandHPLayeredProduct documentation$Ois copyrighted material.HOHTMLformaton-lineproduct documentationsetsforspe-FOcificHPOpenVMSproductsare presently availableat:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/ GO Documentationisofferedon separately orderableCD-ROMIOmediathrougha subscriptiontothe ConsolidatedOn-Line0O5 Documentation(ConOLD)product(see5WhatOpenVMSdis-,O tributionkitsare available?.)(qConOLDmanualsarereadableJOwithBNU,aviewerthatissuppliedwiththe documenta-IO>tion distribution.)BNUcandisplayHTML, Bookreader,and,O documentationinotherformats.n{DEEEOOE&COMGBOOK,aviewerforBookreader-format documentationOOis availableforcharacter-cell terminals(eg.(VTxxx)viatheresource-intensivewhencomparedtotheXPDFviewer.*?P=<>.)EO3.9BWherecanIfindthelatestCrun-timelibrary(manuals?IOTheCrun-timelibrary(RTL) reference documentationhasJObeenmovedfromtheClanguage documentationsettotheGO^OpenVMS documentationset.*ForthemostrecentversionHOoftheCRTL documentationandtheOpenVMSstandardC7Olibrary,pleaseseetheOpenVMSmanuals./aIOInadditiontothe user-modeCRTL,thereisasecondGO kernel-modeRTL accessabletodriversonOpenVMSAlphaNO5andOpenVMSI64.(FordetailsonthissecondlibraryandonNOthe duplicatesymbolerrorsthatcanbe triggeredwhenthisJOlibraryis referencedduringanincorrectly-specifiedLINKO>command,pleaseseeV>Section10.22.1. >Forgeneralinforma-OOtiononthiskernelRTL,seetheDigitalPressbookWritingKOOpenVMSDeviceDriversinC.Fordetails,pleaseseethe>OH associatedOpenVMSsourcelistings distribution.*/V ?`06 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/5A-@Bgw`-O4.3BExternal time-base hardware?QOUHereareafew possibilitiesfor providersofa GPS-basedre-JOceiverwithanembeddedNTPserver,strictlyculledfromQOthefirstfewpagesofaGooglesearch.* Availability,pricing,GO^OpenVMS compatibilityandotherfactorsarenotknown.h `m$mhttp://www.galleon.eu.com/ `)http://www.meinberg.de/english/ `l%lhttp://www.ntp-servers.com/i EOForadirect-connected(local,non-IP,non-NTP)link,LOthereareserialoptions available.*Googlefinds SpectracomLO5 CorporationhasaNetClockthatcouldbeusedhere,basedKOonaquicklook-IdonotknowifthereisOpenVMShostOO software,butthatwouldbepossibletowritefortheASCIIMO>datastreamthatthedevice supports.)(SuchcodingrequiresMO knowledgeofserialI/O, character processing,and knowledgeKOoftheclockdriftAPI mechanismsin OpenVMS-thereexistsTOHFreewaretoolsthatcouldbeusedtolearnhowtotieintothe4Oclockdrifting mechanismsof OpenVMS.)j [ `m(mhttp://www.spectracomcorp.com/(Ohttp://www.spectracomcorp.com/kJO Informationon,and experiencesorrecommendationsfororCOagainsttheseorothersimilardevicesiswelcome.yl VOAO4.3.1BWhydomyclusterbatchjobsstartearly?IO4Yoursystemtimeisskewedacrossyourclustermembers,GOandtheclustermember performingthequeue managementSOtaskshasasystemtimesetlaterthanthesystemtimeofthe+O=memberrunningthebatchjob.mf WROThis behaviourismost noticablewhenusingSUBMIT/AFTER=TOMORROWMOandsimilar constructs,anduseof/AFTER="TOMMOROW+00:01:00"MO5orsuchisoften recommendedasawaytoavoidthis.*TheLO combinationtimevalue specifiedshouldbelargerthantheGOmaximumexpectedtimeskew.*Intheexampleshown,theGO>maximumclusterclockskewisassumedlessthan1:00.nNMOYoucanalsomaintainyoursystemtimesinbettersynchro-:O nization,with availabletools describedin"Section4.2 andO5 elsewhere.*n"~?^Ro `(=O4.3.2BWhydoesmyOpenVMSsystemtimedrift?GO4Memoryerrors,hardware problems,ormostanythingop-OOeratingatoraboveIPL22orIPL24(clockIPLissystemMOfamily dependent;code executingatorabovetheclockIPLPO=willblockthe processingofclock interrupts),cancausetheROlossofsystemtime.'ClockdriftcanalsobecausedbynormalOO (thermal)clock variationsandevenbytheexpectedlevelofOGclockdrift.Lp "QOWhenclock interruptsareblockedasaresultoftheactivityMOofhigh-IPL code-suchas extensivedriver interruptactivityLO5orahardwareerrorora correctable(soft)memoryerror-VOtheclockwill ``loose''time,andthetimevaluereportedtotheJOuserwithappeartohavesloweddown.' CorrectablememoryOO>errorscanbeacommoncauseofsystemtimeloss,inotherIOwords.'HeavyPCIbustrafficcanalsocauselosttime.q! WQOOnebuginthisareainvolvedthe behaviourofcertaingraph-IOics controllers includingtheELSAGLoriaSynergyPBXGK-LO5BB;the PowerStorm3D10T effectivelystallingthePCIbus. OSeeSection5.16<fordetailsontheELSAGLoriaSynergycon-IOtroller,andmakecertainyouhavethecurrentGRAPHICSO>ECOkit installed.*qP?~r {TOClockdriftcanalsobe(deliberately)causedbytheactivityof'OtheDTSSorNTP packages.soOAlsosee}Section 4.1.1.2.1,Section4.1.1, andOSection4.3.4.*s}F,?K*sF?=*sOF?xt! ?O4.3.3B Resettingthesystemtimeintothepast?EO4Youcan resynchronizesystemtimeusingDCLcommandsBOsuchasSETTIMEandSET TIME/CLUSTER,buttheseJOcommandscanand obviouslywillcausethecurrentsystemQO=timetobeset backwardswhenthe specifiedtimepredatestheMOcurrentsystemtime.'Thistime-resetting operationcancauseKO application problems,andcan adverselyeffect applicationsLOGusingabsolutetimers, applicationsthatassumetimevaluesOOwillalwaysbeuniqueand ascendingvalues,and applications.uWLOSettingthetime backwardsbyvaluesofevenanhourhasEOcausedvariousrun-timeproblemsfor applicationsandKO5layered products.,Forthisreason,this techniquewasnotLO considered supportedduringtheYear2000(Y2K)testing;aJOsystemorclusterrebootwasstrongly recommendedasthe5O>correctmeanstoavoidthese problems.|v kRHO Application programmersare encouragedtousethetime-LOrelatedand TDF-relatedeventsthatare availablewiththeGO5$set_system_eventsystemservice,and/ortouseUTCorKOsimilartime,asthese techniquescanpermittheapplica-OOtiontobettersurvive retrogradeclockevents.+(ThereisanMO>ECOtorepairproblemsseeninthe DECnet-PlussupportforLO generatingTDFeventsfromDTSS,andthisappliestoV7.3QO (expectedtobeinECO4andlater)V7.3-1 (expectedtobeinJOHECO3andlater)andV7.3-2 (expectedtobeinECO1andIOlater).+Applythemostcurrent DECnet-PlusECOkitsforIOtheseOpenVMS releases,forbestTDFeventsupportfromOR DECnet-Plus.)uwK OSeeSection4.3.4 andLSection4.3.1.*wF?x*wLF?l$x! @O4.3.4BHowcanIdrifttheOpenVMSsystemtime?FO4WithDECdtsandTCP/IPServicesNTP,thesystemtimeQOvalueis "drifted"(ratherthan changed),toavoidtheobviousMOproblemsthatwouldarisewith "negativetime changes".'TheSO=samebasicclockdrifting techniqueisusedbymost(all?)&timeJOservers operatingonOpenVMS, typicallyusingthesupport9OforthisprovideddirectlywithinOpenVMS.y! NGOAnexampleofthe techniqueused(onOpenVMSVAX)toMOdriftthesystemtimeistheSETCLOCKtoolontheOpenVMSO5 Freeware.zDOFor informationontheuseoftheEXE$GL_TIMEADJUSTAOandEXE$GL_TICKLENGTHcellsonOpenVMSAlpha,see7O5OpenVMSAXPInternalandData Structures5,locatedonOpage348.H{KOForthoseareaswhichswitchbetweendaylightsavingtime;O(DST)andstandardtime,thetimevalueis rnotdrifted.)TheMO5timeisadjustedbytheentire interval.,This procedureisKOinherentinthe definitionoftheswitchbetweenDSTandJOstandardtime.-(Dolookateithernot switchingtoday-PO>lighttime,or(better)usingUTCasyour time-base,ifthisBO change-overisnotfeasibleforyour environment.)u|K OSeeSection4.3.4 andLSection4.3.3.*|F?x*|LF?t=} VKO4.3.5BHowcanI configureTCP/IPServicesNTPasatime<( provider?NOAnNTPtimeproviderprovidesitsideaofthecurrenttimeMOtoNTPclientsviatheNTP protocol.(MostsystemsareNTPO=clients,but...@~! IONTPhasa heirarchyoflayers,calledstrata..Thefur-KOtherawayfromtheactualNTPtimesource (InternettimeTO5serversareatstratum1),thelowerthestrata(andthelarger.Othenumberassignedthestatum).;JONTP explicity configuredatstratumoneprovidestimetoJONTP operatingatlowerstrata,andtheprovidedtimeisPO5acquiredbasedonthelocalsystemtimeorviasomelocally--O accessibleexternaltimesource.M#LONTPatother(lower)stratabothreceivetimefromhigherLOstrataandcanprovidetimetolowerstrata,andautomat-OO5icallyadjustthelocalstratum.*Thehigheststratumisone,othersimilar time-related peripheral),youcan configureSONTPtousethesystemclockasits referencesource.&ThiswillLOmimicthe master-clockfunctionality,andwillconfigreNTPPOHasastratum1timeserver.+Todothis,enterthe following'OcommandsinTCPIP$NTP.CONF:%O%server% 127.127.1.0%prefer(Omfudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&0EOFor local-masterfunctionality,thecommandsareveryO similiar.'Use:Oaserver% 127.127.1.0(Ofudge% 127.127.1.0%stratum&8^ 4KOThe differencebetweenthesetwoisthestratum,andtheMOomissionofthepreferkeyword.' SpecifyingahigherstratumRO5allowsthenodetoactasabackupNTPserver,or potentiallyNOasthesoletimeserveronanisolatednetwork.+TheserverLOwillbecomeactiveonlywhenallothernormal synchroniza-OO>tionsourcesare unavailable.(Theuseof"prefer"causesNTPPOtoalwaysusethe specifiedclockasthetimesynchronizationOsource.! KOWiththeTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0,theNTPMO managementisrathermore primitive.'To configurethelocalJO5OpenVMSsystemfromanNTPclienttoanNTPserver(onROTCP/IPServicesversionspriortoV5.0),addthe followingline SAVINGS.COMinV7.3,pleaseobtainthe availableECOkit.)hFOForcurrentTCP/IPServicesandrelatedOpenVMSdocu-"O mentation,pleasesee:`6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/UBFAC FO4.4BManaging Timezones, Timekeeping,UTC,andDaylight(SavingTime?invokethe followingcommand procedures: `m2m!SYS$MANAGER:UTC$CONFIGURE_TDF.COM!donotdirectlyuse `E3E"SYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIMEZONE_SETUP.COM!donotdirectlyuse! WKOTCP/IPServicesV5.0andlaterusetheOpenVMSTDF,UTC,IOandtimezonesupport.)EarlierversionsuseaTDFmecha-LO5nismandtimezonedatabasethatisinternaltotheTCP/IPOOServicespackage.'Alsoontheearlier versions,theTDFmustKObemanually configuredwithinTCP/IP Services,inaddition8O>totheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.O%EO DECnet-PlusinV7.3andlaterusestheOpenVMSTDF,EOUTC,andtimezonesupport,anddisplaysitstimezonepackage.*Alsoonearlier versions,theTDFmustbeconfig-IOuredwithinthe DECnet-PlusDECdtsspackage,inaddition8OtotheOpenVMS configurationoftheTDF.? JO ApplicationcodeusingHPC (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyEODECC)willusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDF mechanismsIO5whentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSV7.0andlaterDO(andwhenthemacro_VMS_V6_SOURCEisNOT defined).COHPCdoesNOTusetheOpenVMSUTCandTDFmech-IO>anismswhentheCcodeiscompiledonOpenVMSreleasesKOpriortoV7.0,orwhenthe preprocessor declaration_VMS_"O V6_SOURCEis declared.kAAODCEDTSTDF managementdetailstobe determined. ! KOInOpenVMSAlphaV6releases(V6.1,V6.2, V6.2-1Hx,etc),EOtheTDFvalueiswrittentoSYS$BASE_IMAGE.EXE.WithCO5OpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlaterandwithOpenVMSVAX>OV6.0andlater,SYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE.DATcon-LOtainstheTDF.ThismeansthatOpenVMSAlphasystemswillJO>needtohavetheTDFvalueresetmanually-usuallywithin9OSYSTARTUP_VMS.COM-onrebootspriortoV7.0.@! tBODuringOpenVMS Bootstrap,theSYSINITmodulereadsJOSYS$TIMEZONE.DATtoacquiretheTDFforuseinthesys-JO5temglobalcell EXE$GQ_TDF.ThisisdonetoensurethatLOthesystembootswithavalidTDF(avaluewhichmaybeNOzero).)TheUTCsystemservicesgettheTDFfromthiscell.PO>These services,aswellastheHPCRTL,musthaveavalidGOTDF.(PriortoOpenVMSV7.3,ifeither DECnet-PlusorGO DECnet/VAX Extensionsis configuredandrun,theimage@OHDTSS$SET_TIMEZONE.EXEisinvokedandcanoverrideJOtheTDFandtimezonerulesettingsfromSYSINITorfrom@OUTC$TIME_SETUP.COM-thisimagerunsevenifDTSSRORis disabled.)Ifthesettingsdonotmatch(dueto inconsisten-COciesintimezone specificationinUTC$TIME_SETUP.COMFOandNET$CONFIGURE.COM),DTSSwillresetthevaluesto#O[matchits definitions.) BOPriortoOpenVMSV7.3,!daylightsavingtime(DST)FO switchoverishandled automaticallyonlywhenDCEDTSJO5or DECnet-PlusDTSSisinuse.)InV7.3,OpenVMScanbeOO configuredto automaticallyswitchovertodaylighttime,andROalso generatesaneventthat interested applicationscanusetoJO>detectthe switch-overbetweenstandardtimeanddaylightOtime.C IOThemanual switchoverbetweendaylighttimeandstandardMOtimeis correctly accomplishedviatheSYS$EXAMPLES:DAYLIGHT_5O5 SAVINGS.COMcommand procedure procedure. _UNote _>NTP(alone)does c>NOT%*>provide automaticswitch-over.  f_UiNote f_%TheDST switch-overdoes NOT"odriftthetimevalue;JGthe switch-overappliestheentire differenceasaunit,Hasisstandardandexpected practice.)(Dolookatei-Hthernot switchingtodaylighttime,or(better)usingCPUTCasyour time-base,ifthisone-hourchangeisDnotfeasiblewithinyour environment.)((Forinforma-Ktion associatedwithdriftingthesystentime,pleaseseeZSection4.3.4.) *?x QOIfyouswitchtheTDForDSTsetting,youwillalsowanttoMOrestartor reconfigureanytime-sensitive applications(thoseKO5notusingthetime differentialfactor(TDF)changeeventNO availableinV7.3andlater).*Examplesofthese applicationsPOcanincludetheneedtorestarttheNFSclientandNTP.(InRO>thecaseofNTP,willwanttotryto ``drift''thetime(seeOSection4.2andsee Section4.3.4),) andwillfindthattheDSTGO switch-overwillexceedthe NTP-definedmaximumthresh-OOHoldallowedfor drifting.)HencetheNTPrestartis presentlyO required.)*OZ}?^* Z?x `=O4.4.1B Creating,UpdatingandManagingTimezone<( Definitions?EOOneissuewiththeUTCimplementationonOpenVMSisKOthe behaviourofC functionsandotherprogramsthatuse:O=SYS$TIMEZONE_RULE;theOpenVMS mechanismas-LOsumesallcontroloverthetimezoneandthedaylighttimeKO switchover.-Thisallows calculationofthetimebytheC.OGlibraryandvarious applications. WMOThiscanbe incompatiblewithasystemor applicationthatOOrequiresmanual modificationstotheDSTorTDF settings,orNO5thatrequiresalocalor customizedtimezone definition.)ForTOsuchasitetoensurethe timekeepingiscorrect,thesitemustOOprovide procedurethatsetsthelocaltimeandtheTDFwhen3O>theSYS$TIMEZONE_RULEsaystodoit.Y /QOIfasiterequiresa non-standardtime switch-over,asinco-RO ordinatingwithashiftchangeorduetochangesinthelocalRO5orregionaltimezonerules,thesitewillneedtousethezic:Ocompilertocreateacustomtimezonerule.! WLO Additionally, applicationsmayneedtohavespecialactionsQOtakenoractionsqueuedjustbeforethetimechangetakesef-WO5fect.'Ifthe applicationsourcecodeis available,oneofthebestPOwaystohandlethisisviatheTDFand time-change notifica-JOtionevents availableviatheOpenVMSsys$set_system_eventO>systemservice.WOOFor informationonzicandrelatedtoolsusedtomanagetheEOOpenVMSTimezone database,pleaseseetheHPCRun-HO5timeLibrary Utilities Reference Manual-thoughthetitleJOwouldimply otherwise,this particularmanualispartofKOtheOpenVMS documentationset,andnotpartoftheHPCGO> (formerlyCompaqC,formerlyDECC) documentationset.nD)OForrelated information,seeLSection4.4.1.1.*LF?R(MO4.4.1.1C CustomizingorUpdatingyourTDF (Timezone)Setting?QO) Individual,local,andregional differencesontheuse(ortheMOlackofuse)ofDaylightSavingTime(DST)arequitecom-MOmon,asare occasional regulatorychangestothe particularIO3 applicableregionalDST settings..(eg:.TheUnitedStatesNO Governmentis expectingtochangeitsDSTrulesstartingin'OMarchof2007;pleaseseeSection4.4.1.2for details.)*?LO DST-relatedECOkitsarenow availableforvariousoftheOO supported releases,pleaseseetheECOFTPsitefordetails.{ QPOIfyouneedorwishtoadd,modifyorremoveDSTrulesforPOyourarea,or otherwisealtertherulesforyourlocalarea,PO5youwillprobablyendupcreatinga variationtoanexistingPOtimezonerule,or potentiallysimply downloadinganewsetofOODSTrules.)This requirementcanarise,for instance,ifyourTO>localregionchangesitstimezonerules,orifyouareusinganMOOpenVMSreleasethatdoesnothaveanECOkitfortheUS!ODSTrules available.)Y /ROThe necessaryzonelinetoaddforsupportofthe hypotheticalGOnew WhereEverLandtimezonewillprobablylook somethingO5likethis:O#&ZoneKNAME-GMTOFFK RULES/SAVEFORMATK[UNTIL]OZone WhereEver2:00-O WhereEverzMOTheOpenVMSsourcefilesforthetimezonerulesarestoredOhere:2Oa(SYS$COMMON:[SYS$ZONEINFO.SYSTEM.SOURCES]/ QOYou'llthenwanttousetheziccompilertocompileyourownMOnewtimezone definition,ortocompileanewsetoftime-KO5zone definitionsthathavebeenfreshly downloadedfromaO publishedsource.d :MOTheziccompileris documentedintheOpenVMS DocumentationDOSet,!and specificallyinthe HP C Run-Time LibraryHO5 ReferenceManual.-(Despitethenameofthismanual,itNOispartoftheOpenVMS documentationsetandnotoftheCO manuals.)! wIOOnceyouhavecreatedandcompiledanewtimezoneruleHO(orhave downloadedandhavecompiledawholenewset@O5oftimezonerules),usetheSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_GO SETUP.COMtoselectthenewtimezoneifnecessary-withSOV7.3andlater,thistoolwill automicallynoticethenewtime-RO>zoneandwillofferit,onearlier releases,youmay/willhaveROtohackthecodeofthetoolsomewhattoallowittopresentROthenewtimezonerule.&(IfanexistingtimezoneruleissimplyAOH changing,youdon'tneedthis re-selectionstep.) _UNote _RAs mentionedin5RSection4.4.2,#Rpleasedon'tmodifyorCredefinetheTZlogicalname(foundonoldercon-< figurations),ortheSYS$TIMEZONE_NAMElogicalB[name,oranyothertime-ortimezone-relatedlog-Eicalnamesdirectly yourself.*Rather,pleaseusethe8 ziccompilerand/ortheUTC$TIME_SETUP.COMe procedure. *5? OOForvarious publishedtimezonerulesorupdatedtosame,seeROthetar.gzfiles(thesearegzippedtar archives) availableat:[1 `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/WNOThesearegzippedtar archives,andarethepubishedsourceEOusedfortheOpenVMStimezonerulesonOpenVMSV7.3KO5andlater,andwithinthe predecessorCrun-timeenviron-FOmenttimezonesupportusedonolderOpenVMS releases.MOYou'llneedtofirstgunzipandthenusevmstartounpack8O>andaccessthecontentsofthe archives.4!  POThe publishedtimezonerulesincludethe effectivedaterangesTOforthe individualrules,soyoucanreloadyourrulespriortoOO5a particularsetofnewrulesbecoming effective.)Theeffec-OOtivedatesforthe particulartimezonerulesare additionallyOO necessarytoallowthe appropriate translationofolderdatesLO>andtimeswithinthe appropriate historicalcontextofthe-O particulardateandtimevalue.lB)OForrelated information,seeLSection4.4.1.*LF?! LrEO4.4.1.2CUSDaylightTimeChangesStarting 1-Mar-2007?JO)TheUnitedStatesFederal Governmentis presentlyexpect-MOingtochangeitsDSTrulesstartinginMarch,2007.+(TheNO change-overdateandtheplannedchangeitselfhasnotcomeHO3topassasofthiswriting,hencethephrasingused.)! ZROAsamended,USdaylighttimewillbe increasedtobe effectiveKOfromthesecondSundayinMarchthroughthefirstSundayMO5of November.(Other countries,USlocal political geographiesKOand businessesmayormaynotfollowsuiteand implement%Othesechanges, obviously. NNOForfurther regulatorydetails,seetheUSUniformTimeActOOof1966(15U.S.C 260a(a)),asamendedbytheEnergyPolicyO5Actof2005.NNOFordetailsonhowtocreate, customizeortodownloadnewLOrulesandtoupdateyourlocaltimezonerules,pleaseseeO5Section4.4.1.1.*O? >O4.4.2B Timezonesand Time-relatedLogicalNames?JO4Variouslogicalnamesareusedtomanagetimeandtime-JOzones,andyoushouldavoiddirect modificationoftheseOOlogicalnamesastheimplementationsaresubtleandquickto-O=change.'As discussedinsection=Section4.4.3,=youwillwanttoJOusethe followingcommand proceduretomaintainthetimeOandthe timezone:*?]3 `m(mSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COM saOOIfyouwanttoventureinto uncharted territoriesandmodifyHOtheTDFusedwithinolderreleasesofTCP/IP Services-GO5withinreleasespriorV5.0-youcanattempttousethe,O following undocumented commands:?OSET%TIME/DIFF=[positive%or%negative%TDF%integer]OZGENERATE%TIMEkAAOtoresetthevalueofthelogicalnameUCX$TDF.i2OPriortoOpenVMSV7.3,thecommand:6O$&SETTZ&:==%$SYS$SYSTEM:DTSS$SET_TIMEZONEOP$&SETTZ&MODIFY! JOcanbeusedtomodifythesettingsofthe SYS$TIMEZONE_6ODAYLIGHT_SAVING,SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL,CO5andSYS$TIMEZONE_NAMEsystemlogicalnamesbasedon!OtheSYS$TIMEZONE_RULE. AOThe following are other TDF-related logicalnamesHOused/availableonOpenVMSsystems,withtypicaldaylightJO5timeandstandardtimesettingsfortheUSEasternTimeO(ET) timezone.O$daylight_time:8OZ$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%EDTBO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0400%EDT"VO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%trueK!&Not%'EDT'EO2$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant Oz$O$standard_time:8O $&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE& MAIL$TIMEZONE%ESTBOR$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&NOTES$TIMEZONE&"-0500%EST"WO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$DAYLIGHT_SAVING_TIME_P%false%!&Not%'EST'EO$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&LISP$TIME_ZONE&05p!%Constant O)$BOq$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE&UCX$NFS_TIME_DIFFERENTIAL%-I'f$integer(f$element(0,"&%",f$logical("notes$timezone"))/-100)'JOFor informationon modifyingthesetimezonelogicalnames7Oandonmanagingthetimezonerules,see$Section4.4.1.*$?*CO4.4.3BHowto troubleshootTDFproblemsonOpenVMS?IO4ThisisanOpenVMSAlphasystempriortoV7.0andthe5Ostartupisnotinvokingthe procedure:(OSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COM{OOThisisanOpenVMSsystempriortoV6.0,wherethereisno,OOpenVMSTDFnorUTC available.! WJOTheversionofthe applicationdoesnotusetheOpenVMSPOTDF.ThisincludesTCP/IPServicespriortoV5.0, applicationsPO5usingHPCbuiltonor targetingOpenVMSpriortoV7.0,andGOsystemsusingthe DECnet-PlusDTSS mechanismspriortoHOtherelease associatedwithOpenVMSV7.3.((DCEDTSTDF3O> managementdetailstobe determined.)KOIfyoushouldfindeitherofthe followingtwo timezone-GOrelateddatabasefileslocatedinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]:x `m/m%SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE.DAT `3)SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]SYS$TIMEZONE_SRC.DATzLOThesetwofilesareinan erroneouslocationandmustbe1O recreatedinthecorrect directory:OaSYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]~!T OIftheDCLcommand:4O$& DIRECTORY%SYS$SYSTEM:SYS$TIMEZONE*.DATNGOshowsthesefilesinSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE],thendelete8OthemanduseSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_SETUP.COMO5torecreatethem.!nAOOnOpenVMSversionspriortoV7.3,ifthefile:-O$& SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COM!KOispresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoinvoke:7O$&*@SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COM] NOOtorecreatethetimezonefiles correctly.&InvokethiscommandBO immediatelyafter [re]executingSYS$MANAGER:UTC$TIME_O5 SETUP.COM.)>. 7OIf)SYS$UPDATE:DTSS$INSTALL_TIMEZONE_RULE.COMPOisnotpresentonyoursystem,thenyoumayneedtoexecute#O5the following commands:5O$&DELETE% SYS$STARTUP:DTSS$UTC_STARTUP.COM5O$&DEASSIGN/SYSTEM/EXEC&SYS$TIMEZONE_RULE.NNOIfyoursystemtimeisbeingreportedasbeingoffbyoneOOhour(orwhateverthelocalDSTchange),pleaseseesectionsO5Section4.7,5Section4.4 5and&5Section10.22.1.*O|?*|?*& ? E DF! HO4.7BUTCvsGMTvsvs UT1/UT1/UT2TDF?Whatarethese( acronyms?FOTheresultsofan internationalcompromise-thoughsomeJOwouldsayan internationalattempttoincrease confusion-MO^UTCisreferedtoas ``Coordinated UniversalTime''(thoughNOnotasCUT)inEnglishandas``Temps Universel Coordinn''HO(thoughnotasTUC)inFrench.+(No particularinforma-NOhtionexiststoexplainwhyUTCwaschosenovertheequallyFO nonsensicalTCU, accordingtoUlyssesT. Clockmeister,NOoneofthe diplomatsthathelped establishthe internationalOr compromise.)9LO UniversalTimeUT0issolartime,UT1issolartimecor-MOrectedforawobbleintheEarth'sorbit,andUT2isUT1QO5 correctedforseasonal rotational variationsinrotationdueto%OtheEarth'ssolarorbit. @O GMT-GreenwichMeanTime-isUT1.,GMTisthetimeLOattheclassicsiteofthesince-disbandedRoyal GreenwichLO5 Observatory;atthemost widely-knowntourist attractionofO Greenwich,England.Z 0LOUTCisbasedonanaverageacrossmultipleatomicclocks,POandiskeptwithin0.9secondsofGMT,throughthe insertionKO5(orremoval)ofseconds.'Inotherwords,UTCmatchesGMTIOplusorminusupto0.9seconds,butUTCisnotGMT.} SPOTDFistheTimezone DifferentialFactor,theintervaloftimeLObetweenthelocaltimeandUTC.Areasthat celebrateday-PO5lightsavingtime(DST)willseeperiodicchangestotheTDFFOvalue,whenthe switch-overbetweendaylighttimeandSOstandardtimeoccurs.'The switch-overitselfisentirelylefttoPO>local governmentalfolks,andcanandhasvariedby politicalOOentityand politics,andthe switch-overhasvariedoverthe/Oyearsevenatthesame location.{ QMOIfyourlocalOpenVMSsystemtimeisoffbyonehour(orJOwhateverthelocalDSTchange)forsomeorallapplica-RO5tions,youprobablyneedtoresetyourlocalTDF.(Forrelated)Odetails,pleaseseesectionsSection4.4 and)Section 10.22.1.)*P|?*)P ? WGOFurther discussionsofhistoryand politics,!theRoyalJO Observers' outbuildings,andthe compromisethatlefttheIO5EnglishwiththeTimeStandard(thePrime Meridian)andMOtheFrenchwiththe standardsforDistanceandWeight(theQOMetricSystem)arelefttoothersources.'Someoftheseother1O>sourcesincludethe followingURLs: `m&mftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ `7-http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html `llhttp://nist.time.gov/LI HJ~! T=O5.2BArethereanyknownvirusesforOpenVMS?HOUVirusesandwormsarecommononpersonal computersbe-MOcausethe operatingsystems involved,suchasthe MicrosoftEOMS-DOS,Windows95,Windows98andWindowsMEvari-PO^ants,donot particularlyprotectthe operatingsystemortheJOfilesystemagainsthostileactionby programs.- MicrosoftCOWindowsNT,Windows2000andWindowsXPdoimple-NOhment protectionsforspecificconfigurationsanddo implementKOmemory protectionmodels,butmanyusersofthesesystemsOOchoosetooperatewithfull adminstratoraccessandthustheMOr available protectionsareentirelydefeatedandentirelynotLO relevent,andanyprogramthatcanactivateitselforcanQO#causetheusertoactivatethecodecansubvertthe operatingMO{systemandtakeoverthe hardware,atwhichpointthema-POliciouscodecandomostanythingitwishes, includinghidingUO-copiesofitselfinotherprogramsorinthefilesystem,redis-PO tributingitselfviamail,IM,ornetwork connections,orcanLObeusedasazombieinstagingattacksonothersystems.~! ~TOOThisislesslikelywith multi-usersystemssuchasOpenVMS,GOUnix,Linux,MVSandother platformsforvariousrea-NO5sons.*First,the operatingsystemrunsina privilegedmodeLOinmemorythatis protectedagainst modificationbynormalHOuser programs.*AnyprogramcannotsimplytakeovertheJO>hardwareasitcanon operatingsystemswithoutsecurityKOand particularlywithoutmemorypage protections.' Secondly,OO multi-usersystemscanbesetupsothatnon-privilegedpro-MOHgramscannotmodifysystemprogramsandfilesondisk,andOOthisisnormalformostinstallations.*Bothoftheseprotec-POtionschemesmeanthat traditionalviral infectionsdon'tworkJORontheseOSes.,Third,typical applicationsand configura-OOtionstendtopreventthe uncontrolled executionof untrustedQOcodeaspartofreceivedmailmessagesorwebaccess;oneofKO[thecentralvulnerabilitiesofthe MicrosoftWindowsplat-ROforminvolvesits intentionallyeasyabilityto dynamically(andJO transparently)activatecodeandmacrosthatareembedded;Oewithinmailmessagesandwithindatafiles.d! :MOItispossibleforOpenVMSandother multi-usersystemstoPObecomeinfectedbyvirusesorworms,buttodoso,thepro-MO5gram containingthevirusmustberunfromauseraccountPOthathas amplified privileges.'Solongasthesystemadminis-POtratoriscarefulthatonlytrusted applicationsarerunfromRO>suchaccounts(andthisis generallythecase)andsolongasLOtherearenoOpenVMSsystemsecuritybreaches(duetoma-LOliciousoperator activity,OpenVMSerrors,orerrorswithinPOHtrustedand privilegedproduct packages)thereisnoofmodi-RO ficationstothe operatingsystemorother protectedfilesfrom$Othevirusortheworm.:GOTheFAQ maintainerisawareofafew(andveryold)CODECnetwormsthathaveaffectedOpenVMSsystemsonIO5DECnetnetworks (``WANK''wasone),butisawareofno=OOpenVMSvirusesthatarelooseinthefield.F! %NOToprotectagainstvirusesandotherattemptsatsystemin-MO terferenceormisuse,pleasefollowthesecurity recommenda-O5tionsinthe.5OpenVMSGuidetoSystemSecurity5.' Additionally,KOyouwillwanttokeepyourOpenVMSECOscurrentandyouKOwillwanttoapplyall mandatoryECOkitsandanysecu-EO>rityMUPsforOpenVMSandOpenVMS products,andyouKOwillwanttokeeptoOpenVMSreleaseswithPriorVersionNOSupport(PVS)orwithCurrentVersionSupport.((Thisisob-GOHviouslyageneralsystem maintenancerecommendation,inIOadditiontobeingagoodsystemsecurityrecommendation-JOnewsecurityfeaturesand capabilitiesare implementedinLORmorerecentOpenVMS releases,for instance.(DetailsonPVS,Oreleasesare availableoverin(rOpenVMSProductVersionand OSupport Information.)1Youmayalsowanttoconsiderop-LO[tionalsoftwareproductswhichcanmonitoryoursystemforIO intrusionor infection attempts.+Computer Associates(CA)MO offersvariousproductsinthisarea,astoothervendors.nKDrroo00OO NSORocksoftofferstheVeracitydata integritytool(forinfo,sendJOmailtodemo@rocksoft.com).*MD5toolsarealso available; O5see5Section5.30 5fordetailsonMD5.*?WAOTools!to scan OpenVMS file systems!for MicrosoftDOWindows infectionsareandhavebeen available,!in-BO5cluding a commercialpackagefromSophos , andaCOport of the open source Clam Antivirusscanner atBOhttp://www.clamav.net/andwithanOpenVMSportat6O>,http://fafner.dyndns.org/~alexey/clamav.zip. OOThesescanningtoolsare particularlyusefulforsystemsrun-DOningSambaorAdvancedServer (PATHWORKS),astheseRO5serverstendtohaveahigher populationoffilesintendedforJO MicrosoftWindowssystemsusers,andascommonvirusandSOwormattackscanfindandinfectfilesonthefilesharesthatLO>theseproductscanprovide.+These infectionsdonottargetJOOpenVMSitself,thoughtheOpenVMSserver(andanyotherMOplatformandanyotherservercapableofstoringfilesforKOHWindowssystems)cansilentlyhostfiles containingcommon)O MicrosoftWindows infections.2M(LN[ 1V ,WOnAlpha:b&-flags%e,1 ! JWOntheIA-64 architecturesystems,youcan establishandImanageanEFIbootaliasforaconversational bootstrapas discussedinSection14.3.5.17andin;Section14.3.10,>aoryoucanuseVMS_LOADER.EFI interactivelyas@shownhere.0Ofthecore mechanisms discussedinSection 14.3.5.1,7the followingusesanEFIShellcommandMktoperformaconversational bootstrapofrootSYSEviatheG partitiondevicefsn:.*Thereare alternative mechanisms available.2fsn:\efi\vms\vms_loader.efi%-flags&e,1* ?* ;?* ?T ! *GWIfyourAlphasystemhasahardwarepassword(variousEsystemssupportapasswordthatprevents unauthorizedMaccesstothe console),youwillneedtoknowtheispass-NawordandwillneedtoenteritusingtheLOGINorsimilarKcommandattheconsole.(Ifyougetan``InvCmd''errorJtryingtoperformaconversational bootstrap,andyoudoHknothavethehardwareconsolepasswordfortheconsoleILOGINcommand,youare stuck-youwillneedtocallforJhardwareservicefor assistancein resettingthehardwareCtconsole password.+TheimplementationandthesyntaxFusedfortheconsolepassword mechanismdoesvaryby%implementation.EO3.JOnceattheSYSBOOTprompt,requestthatOpenVMSCreadthesystemstartupcommandsdirectlyfromtheIVsystemconsole,thatthewindowsystem(ifany)notbeFstarted,andthatOpenVMSnotrecordthese particular? parameterchangesfor subsequentsystemreboots: SET/STARTUP%OPA0:SET% WINDOW_SYSTEM%0 SET%WRITESYSPARAMS%0dCONTINUEQO4.JAtthe$prompt,thesystemwillnowbe acceptingstartupG;commandsdirectlyfromtheconsole.(Typethe followingtwoDCL commands: $&SPAWN a $&@SYS$SYSTEM:STARTUPGO 5.JYoushouldnowseethedollar($)promptofDCL.y OFWTheresultofthesetwocommandswillbethenormalOsystemstartup,butyouwillbeleftloggedinonthecon-Isole,runningunderafully privileged username.'WithoutDatheuseoftheSPAWNcommand,youwouldbelogged-outwhenthestartup completes., DWPerformthetask(s) required,suchas resettingthe@passwordontheSYSTEMusernameas describedinSection5.6.1:or registeringoneormorelicenseproduct8a authorizationkeys(PAKs)as describedinaSection5.6.2.RO6.JOnceyoulogoutofthissession,thesystemwillcompleteK9thestartupandcanbeused normally.'Youcanchooseto>rebootthesystem,butthatisnot necessary.*?*$?FOSomesystemmanagerswillsuggestamethodusingthe thorizationdatabase(SYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT)FO configuredonthesystem.-WithasystemmanagerthatCOhas configuredan alternate SYSUAFALT.DATfile,theCOH UAFALTERNATEmethodwill fail-well,assumingyoudoGOnotknowthepasswordofa privilegedusernamestored-OwithinSYSUAFALT.DAT,ofcourse.i ?COThe UAFALTERNATEsystem parameterisusedtotrig-KOgerwhatis sometimesknownastheconsole backdoor.)TheKO5OPA0:,systemconsoleiscriticaltosystem operationsandHOsystem security,andwillallowaccesswhentheSYSUAFJOsystem authorizationdatabaseis unavailableor corrupted,LO>whencoreproductlicensePAKsarenot registered,expiredOOordisabled (NOLICENSEerrors),orinvariousothercasesofVOsystem failures.)Allthisisinadditiontotheroleofthecon-POHsoleinthedisplayofcertainsystem-criticalevent messages.OOAccesstotheOPA0:*consolehasasecurityexposurethatisDO equivalenttodirectaccesstothesystem hardware.p kFHOWhenLOGINOUTdetectsanerror(suchasaSYSUAFcor-LOruption,byamissingSYSUAF,missingproduct licenses,orMO5other trigger),itwillpreventaccesstotheOpenVMSsys-NOtemfromall terminalsexceptthesystemconsole.'TheOPA0:POsystemconsolewillbeallowedaccess,andthe resultingpro-JO>cesswillbefully privileged.( Resettingthe UAFALTERNATEGOsystem parameter-intheabsenceofan alternateSYSUAFJOsystem authorization database-willcausetheconsoleback-IOHdoortobeopenedsimplybecauseLOGINOUTcannotlocate=OSYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAFALT.DAT.Whenthe authorizationNOdatabasecannotbelocated,accesswillbegrantedfromtheORconsoleonly.iGOForfurther informationon emergencystartupandshut-MOdown,aswellasfortheofficialOpenVMS documentationonHO5howtochangetheSYSTEMpasswordfromtheconsolein*Oan emergency,pleaseseethe$}OpenVMSSystem Manager'sOManual/intheOpenVMS documentationset.1 AOFor informationandrecommendationsonsettingupGOOpenVMSsystem security,pleaseseetheNCSCClassC2JO5appendixoftheGuidetoOpenVMSSystemSecuritymanual,5OalsointheOpenVMS documentationset.|RHOYoucanalsousetheconversational bootstrap techniqueKOshownearlier(thestepsuntil SET/STARTUP)toaltervar-IO5ioussystem parameters,aswell.*AttheSYSBOOTprompt,3Oyoucanenternew parametersvalues:OSHOW& MAXPROCESSCNTOZSET%.%64OCONTINUE OThe C ET . ET E&isa shorthandnotationusedforthelast parameter1OexaminedwithinSYSGENandSYSBOOT.| dRHO5.6.1BI've forgottentheSYSTEMpassword-whatcanI <(do?NOIfyouhave forgottenordonothavethepasswordfortheDOSYSTEM username,youmustperformtheconversational&O= bootstrapas describedin=Section5.6,=andmustentertheIO followingcommandsonceyouhavereachedthedollar($)Oprompt:ROs$&SET%DEFAULT& SYS$SYSTEM:K!&or&wherever&your% SYSUAF.DAT%resides&O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:AUTHORIZE/OMODIFY%SYSTEM&/PASSWORD=newpasswordOKEXIT*~?UFOYouhavenowresetthepasswordontheSYSTEMuser-Oname. KO5.6.2BMyproductlicenseshaveexpired-whatcanIdo?MO4IfyouhaveasystemwithnolicensesforOpenVMSorforJOOpenVMSusersandthuscannotlogintotheOpenVMSsys-TOtem normally,youshouldbeabletologintotheconsoleserialHO= terminal-thisistheterminaldeviceknownas OPA0:-and,Operformthecommands necessary.HOForsystemsthatarenot configuredwithan accessableKOconsoleserial terminal-ascanbethecasewithhowsomeFO5 DECwindows workstationsareconfigured-youmustloginNOoverthenetworkorfromalocalserial connection.+IfyouJOcannotloginoveranetwork connection(SETHOST,tel-MO>net,etc)orfromanotherlocalserialterminal connection,LOyouwillhavetohaltthesystemandperforma conversa-.Otional bootstrapas describedinSection5.6.jYoumustthenGOHenterlicensing-relatedcommandsoncetheconversational,ties theIP hostnametothe currentSCSNODE7valuewithinitsUCX$CONFIGURATION.DATor6TCPIP$CONFIGURATION.DAT database./ThusifE6SCSNODEischanged,theIPhostnamereconfigurationGmustoccur,andtherequiredreconfigurationcanoccurOonlyafterasystemreboot.) Accordingly,itisbesttoper-H@ formtheTCP/IPServiceshostnamereconfigurationstep afterthereboot.*"6?i# WNOTherearelikelyafewotherareaswherethenodenamewillOObestored.*Local proceduresanddatafilesareonesuchex-PO5ample,andvarioussiteswillhavethesystemnameloadedinIOtheoperatorcontrolpanelviatheOCP_TEXTconsoleen-HO vironmentvariable availableattheSRMpromptonsome&O>Alphasystemsisanother.I$ NOIfthesystemis configuredina VMSclusterandyouchangeOeither01theSCSNODEortheSCSSYSTEMID-but >notbothLO5 values-thenyouwillhavetoreboottheentire VMScluster.HO(The VMScluster remembersthemappingbetweenthesetwoOOvalues,andwillassumethata configurationproblemhasoc-QO>curedifa mismatchedpairappears,andwillrefusetoletaBOnodewitha mismatchedpairjointhe VMScluster.)z% PIOTo calculatethecorrect SCSSYSTEMIDvalue,multiplytheKODECnetPhaseIVareanumberby1024,andaddtheDECnetCO5PhaseIVnodenumber.+Forexample,the SCSSYSTEMIDMOvalueforaDECnetnodewithaddress19.22is19478.)((19 *!O1024)+22=19478)2& POThismaywellhavemissedoneortwo configurationtools(orNOmore!)(thatareneededatyoursite-thenodenametendstoUO5getstoredallovertheplace,inlayered products,andinlocalO software...}'SOAlsosee}Section15.6.3 vandSection15.6.4.*'}F?\*'F?fVUWy JO5.15CWhydoIgetextrablankpagesonmyHPPrinter?NOUFor informationon configuringtelnetprint symbiont,onde-LOvicecontrol librariessuchasSYSDEVCTL.TLB,andforwaysQOofdealingwiththeextrablankpagesthatcanariseonvar-JO^iousHP printers,pleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizard=Oarea,starting particularlywithtopic(1020):z ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums){ rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*{|?&|! NUOThereareavarietyof discussionsofthisandofrelatedprint-POingtopicsintheAskTheWizardarea,inadditiontotopicO5(1020).U}+OAlsosee}Section5.34.*}}F? X WYJw DO5.17CHowcanIacquireOpenVMSpatches,fixes,and'(ECOs?EOYoucanacquireanddownloadkits containingOpenVMSPOfixes(ECOs)forvarious releases,aswellasrelatedsupport8O^ information,viatheITRCsupportcenter:g `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/t+JKOSomesystemswithInternet firewallsmay/willhavetouseKOpassivemodeFTPtoaccesstheabovesites.*Assumingre-JO5 cent/currentversionsoftheTCP/IPServicespackage,the+ODCLFTPcommand necessaryis:?O$&DIRECTORY/FTP/ANONYMOUS/PASSIVE%ftp.itrc.hp.com::^OOYoucan subscribetoanemail notificationlistattheITRCOsite.[MOForalistofOpenVMSECOkitsrecently released,youcanOuse: ] `m>m4http://Eisner.DECUS.org/conferences/OpenVMS-patches_ new_1.HTML5 GOExamplesandECOkit installation instructionsarein-OOcludedinthecoverletter.*ForECOkitemailnotifications,RO5listsof availableECOkits,coverlettersandother associated#Odocumentation,lookin:g `m!mhttp://www.itrc.hp.com/ `0&ftp://ftp.itrc.hp.com/openvms_patches/vL4OFor additional information,pleaseseeSection5.17.*F? WsDODoNOTattempttoinstallaVMSINSTAL-basedOpenVMSBOECOkitonOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlater./WhileHO5 VMSINSTALitselfremains available,itisnotusedforHOOpenVMSAlphaECOkitsstartinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-IO2.'OpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2andlaterusePCSIforOpenVMSO>ECOkits.X OSeeSection5.304for informationonECOkit checksums.*F? ihj|[9O5.33CSYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,Unabletolocate'(SYS$CPU_ROUTINES?GOAmessageattheOpenVMSAlpha bootstrapsuchastheO following:4O%SYSBOOT-I-FILENOTLOC,&Unable%to%locate#SYS$CPU_ROUTINES_1C02.EXE8O%SYSBOOT-E-LDFAIL,%failed&to&load%execlet,cstatus%=&00000910;! IO indicatesthatthe particularOpenVMSAlphareleasedoesMOnotcontainsupportforthetarget platform.,Inthiscase,FO5OpenVMSdoesnot recognizeAlphafamily1Cmember02LOasa supported platform.(AlaterversionofOpenVMSmightROsupportthe platform,ortheremightbenosupportonanyre-MO>lease.'Ensurethatyouhavethemostcurrent firmware,andJOreviewtheminimumversion requirementsforthe platform.KOTheexecletloadfailureandothersimilar bootstrapsta-QOtusvaluescanoftenbedecodedusingeitherofthe followingO5 techniques:O$&exit%%x910/O%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,%no%such%file OI$#O$&x%=%f$message(%x910)O$&show%symbol&x7BX%=%"%SYSTEM-W-NOSUCHFILE,&no&such%file" O$Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.4.4.1.*}F?@lkm FO5.36CWhatsoftwareisneededfor Postscript printers?@OUThe NorthLakePrintKit (www.nls.com)andDECprintDO Supervisor(DCPS)arecommonchoicesforsupportof,O PostscriptprintersonOpenVMS.^ `mmhttp://www.nls.com/ `<2http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/Print/print_E sw_prods.html}! SSOYoumayalsorequirethe installationofanIP transportstack.[OAlsopleaseseemSection15.2.2 fandSection15.2.3.*mF?*F?onp.2O5.39C ResolvingLicensePAK Problems?JOUThePAKreleasedate,thePAK terminationdate,andtheLOPAKversionaretheusualculpritswhenalicenseproductOIfyouhavetheLMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGElogi-OOcalnamedefined,youcan(will?)(seespuriouslicensecheckPO5failures-variousproductswillcheckformultiple licenses,andPOafewproductswillcheckforPAKsthateitherhavenotyetRObeenorwillnotbeissued.(OnceyoufigureoutwhichlicenseKO>hasfailed,youwillwanttodeassignthislogicalname. _UNote _>HThattherearenolicensecheckfailuresdoes 4Hnot Hin-Cdicatethatthe particularproductor operationorBuseis permissibleper applicable licensingagree-ERments.'Pleaseconsultthe applicable agreement(s)for<licensing-related informationand requirements. @HOToregisteralicensePAKona DECwindowssystemwhenKO DECwindowscannotstart(becauseofanexpiredlicenseorMO5other licensing problem),followthestepsoutlinedinsec-OtionSection5.63upthroughtheuseofthe AUTHORIZEEOcommand.*Inplaceofthe AUTHORIZEcommand,usethe?O>consoletoregisterthelicensePAKs.(Alsosee>Section12.4 e>for7O licensingandtroubleshooting information.*P?*?{! NMOFor informationon licensingandonthenumbersoflicensePOunitsrequiredforvariousproductsandvarious platforms,theHO5LicenseUnit RequirementsTable(LURT)is availableat:lB `m7m-http://www.compaq.com/products/software/info/9t su_ ))O5.44CManagingFile Versions?OOUSome applicationswill automaticallyrollfileversionnumbersLOover,andsomewillrequiremanual intervention.)SomewillQOcontinuetooperatewithouttheabilitytoupdatetheversion,PO^andsomewillbeunableto continue.*Somesiteswillspecif-ROically(attemptto)createafilewithaversionof;32767to>Opreventthecreationof additionalfiles,too.`MOTomonitorandresolvefile versions,youcanusecommandsO including:0Oa$&SET%FILE/VERSION_LIMIT=n%filename8O$&SET%DIRECTORY/VERSION_LIMIT=n& [directory]aIOAndyoucanalsomonitorfileversionnumbers,andcanOOreportproblemswithever-increasingfileversionstotheor-KO5 ganization(s) supportingtheapplication(s) generatingfilesKOwithever-increasingversionnumbersfordetailsonpoten-MOtial problems,andforanyrecommendationson resettingtheKO>versionnumbersforthe particularproductorpackage.*If O required,ofcourse.bsWCOThe followingpairofDCLcommands-though obviouslyLOsubjecttotimingwindows-canbeusedtorenamealltheLO5versionsofafilebackdowntoa contiguoussequenceof$Oversionsstartingat1:,O$&RENAME% file.typ;*p RENAME.TMP;,OZ$&RENAME% RENAME.TMP;*% file.typ;cNIOThekeytothesuccessofthisRENAMEsequenceistheNO specificationof(only)thetrailing semicolononthesecond9O5 parameterofeachoftheRENAME commands.Qd b'MOYoumayalsoseethenumbersoffilesreducedwithDELETEHO commands,withmultiple directories,orwithPURGEcom-4O5mandssuchasthe following examples:O$&PURGE/BEFORE="-2-"$O$&PURGE/BEFORE="TODAY-2-"OI$&PURGE/KEEP=10"ezMOYoucanuseDFU (Freeware)toquicklyand efficientlyscanmoreeasilypermitson-line adjustmentstothehighestfileLOversionsandeasilypermitson-lineversion compressionus-JOing techniquesshownabove.*With differing filenames,youUOHarelesslikelyto encountererrors resultingfromfilesthatareMO currentlylocked.(Youcanalsodetectthe impendingversionNOnumberlimitwithinthe application,andcancleanupolderTORversionsandrollthenextfileversioncreationto;1orsuch.Tg*OAlsosee}Section9.4.*g}F|?! 2:O8.1BDCLSymbolsandOpenVMSLogicalNames?AOUDCLsymbolsareprogramming-style variablesimple-JOmentedwithintheDCLcommand interpreter,andtheseareGOusedbothfor programmingandtoprovidecommandverbLO^ synonyms.'Symbolsarelocaltothecommand interpreterop-QOeratingwithina particularprocess,andarenotshared.(ListsNOofsymbolscanbecopiedinto subprocessesduringasubpro-OOhcesscreation operation,butthesesymbolsareneithercopiedNObackintotheparentprocesswhenthe subprocessexits,nor8Oaresymbolseversharedacross processes.V ,OOSymbolscanbe specifiedinandutilizedinbasic mathemati-QOcal operations,and bit-level operationsare availablewiththeNO5f$cvsiandf$cvuibit extractionlexical functions,andwithCOthesquare-bracketsnotationforbit insertion(see_Howto9Ouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?jforan example),NO>andwithbitwise operators.*Symbolsareoftwobasictypes,EOSTRINGandINTEGER,andthese(oran undefinedsym-NObol)canbedifferentiatedwiththef$typelexical function.KOHDCLsymbolscanalsobeusedasa mechanismtoabbrevi-LOateaDCLcommandverb,oraneasywaytoinvokeaDCLOcommand procedure.nD__RaRaOOOOEPOSymbolscanhavelocalorglobalscopewithinaprocess,andKOscopeisaffectedbynested procedurecallsandDCLcon-KO5structssuchasCALLandSETSCOPE,butsuch discussions5Oarebeyondthescopeofthissection. aJOOpenVMSLogicalnamescanstoredevicenames,deviceandMO directoryspecifications,rootedor searchlistspecifications,LO5andfull filenames.*Logicalnamescanalsostore arbitraryLOdata,buttherearenonative mathematicalorbitwiseop-JOerators available.* AnalogoustoDCLsymbols, process-localNO>logicalnamescanbecopiedinto subprocessesduringasub-KOprocesscreation operation,butthese process-locallogicalMOnamesareneithercopiedbackintotheparentprocesswhenQOHthe subprocessexits,noraretheselogicalnamesevershared.] t3FOLogicalnamesare implementeddeepwithintheOpenVMSGO executive,andare organizedintologicalnametables.OO5Logicalnamescanbestoredintablesprivatetoaprocess(DO LNM$PROCESS,the process-locallogicalnametable),NOthatcanbesharedamong processesinthesamejobtree(JO>LNM$JOB,thejoblogicalnametable)orinlogicalnameIOtablesthataresharedamonglargergroupsof processesAO(eg:. LNM$GROUP,theUICgrouplogicalnametable@OHand LNM$SYSTEM,the system-widelogicalnameta-OOble).(Logicalnamesare centrallyintendedtoprovidevariousJO I/O-related capabilities, includingdevice independenceandEOR configurationcustomization-correctly-written applicationHOprogramscanuselogicalnamestoavoid embeddingspe-TOcificdeviceordeviceand directoryspecifications,andtoallow7O[filenameand configurationcustomizations.! kPOOneofthemostpowerful capabilitiesoflogicalnamesbeyondHOthedevice independenceprovidedinvolvesthe defaultingJO5 capabilities;youcanuseRMSparsing (directly,orwithPO mechanismssuchasthef$parselexical function)toprovideaKOfilenameandadefault filename.)Toprovidethe mechanismLO>thatallowsSYSUAFtobelocatedinan arbitrarypositionLOorevenan arbitrary filename,a constructsimilartotheO followingisused:8Ot$&UAF%=&#F$PARSE("SYSUAF","SYS$SYSTEM:.DAT") zNOThisdesignallowsthelogicalnameSYSUAFtobe optionallyMOdefined,and-when present-tospecifythe particularloca-WO5tionandnameofthefile.(Portionsofthefullfile specificationROthatareomittedare retrievedusingthedefault translationof6O SYS$SYSTEM:andthefiletypeof.DAT. WKOLogicalnamesalsohaveassigned processormodes,assomeNO translationsmustbe trustworthy.(Intheexampleabove,onlyQO5trustedand privilegedsystemusersshouldbeabletoredirectMOtheSYSUAF authorization database,soany definitionoftheDOSYSUAFlogicalnamemustbemadein EXECUTIVEmode/O>inatrustedlogicalnametable.A! EOAsforcommonOpenVMS terminology,logicalnamesareLO ``defined''andthe associated processingisreferedtoasRO5``translation'',whilesymbolsare ``equated''andthe associatedTO processingisreferedtoas``substitution''.' ``Lexical functions''LOare processingroutinesbuiltintoDCL,and typicallypre-OO>fixedwithf$.+Manyofthelexical functionsarebuiltuponEOcorrespondingly-namedsystem services,thoughnotall.! WJOSymbol substitutionoccursonlywhentheDCLcommandin-LO terpreterisreadingand processingthecommandinput;for:O5 informationonDCLsymbol substitution,see5Section8.10. o5ForHOprogramaccess,seetheRTLroutineslib$set_symbolandOlib$get_symbol.)*?gHOFor informationonlogicalname translation,pleaseseeFOf$trnlnmlexicalfunctionandtheDCLcommandsDEFINEJO5and DEASSIGN,aswellas underlyingsystemservicessuchHOas sys$trnlnm.*Logicalname translationoccurswhenre-GOquested,orasthefileorI/O operationisstarted. NJOPleaseseetheOpenVMSUser'sGuideintheOpenVMSdoc-NO umentationsetforafarmoredetailed descriptionoftheseO5 constructs.! k/OForrelated materials,pleaseseeSection8.10 and<Section8.11.*F?*<F? ! Dinvoked,andunderOpenVMS,theDCL$PATHsupportwillMOcauseacommand proceduretobe activatedin preferenceto Oan executableimage. JOFormore informationonforeigncommandsoron automatic.Oforeigncommandsupport,seethe!&OpenVMSUser'sManual .U+OSeealso}Section10.3.*}F?P jKOIfyouwanttocreateadetachedprocessthattakesar-IOgumentsfromacommandline,itmustberunundertheNO5controlofacommandline interpreter(CLI) (typicallyDCL).SOThisisdonebyplacingthecommandlineinafile, specifyingDOSYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXEastheimagetorunandthe7O>commandfileastheinput.&Forexample:,O$& OPEN/WRITE%CMD&TEMP_INPUT.COM2O $&WRITE&CMD%"$% MYCOMMAND% arguments"OS$&CLOSE&CMDEO$& RUN/DETACHED%SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT&/INPUT=TEMP_INPUT.COMe ;OOVariousOpenVMSlibrarycalls(suchas lib$spawn( ),cli$dcl_UOparse( ),andtheClibrarysystem( )call)requireaccesstoaKO5commandline interpretersuchasDCLtoperform requestedLOactions,andwillnotoperateifaCLIisnot available.mCQOWhenaCLIisnot available,thesecalls typicallyreturntheGOerrorstatus SS$_NOCLI.Andas mentionedabove,invokeJO5theimageLOGINOUTtocauseaCLI(suchasDCL)tobeOOmappedintoandmade availableinthecontextofthetargetOprocess.*GOForexamplesofhowTCP/IPServicessetsupitsfor-EOeigncommands(whichincludestoolssuchasuuencodeDO5and uudecode),pleaseseetheDCLcommand procedure0O&SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COM.U+OAlsosee}Section8.12.*}F?;HO8.13CHowtouseescapeandcontrol charactersinDCL?GOUTowriteamessageandthenthebell character,use:O$& bell[0,7]%=&7.O"$&write& sys$output%"Hello''bell'"*OTowriteblinkingtext,use:O$&esc[0,7]&=%27&OP$&text%=% "Blinking%Text":O$&write& sys$output%"''esc'[5m''text'''esc'[m"wMOAlsoseesectionsSection11.6,vSection12.1.*F?*vF?b*! 2.O9.1BHowcanIundeleteafile?KOUOpenVMSdoesn'thavean ``undelete'' function.(However,ifPOyouarequickto write-protectthediskorifyoucanguar-SOanteethatnonewfilesgetcreatedorexistingfiles extended,SO^yourdataisstillonthediskanditmaybepossibletore-MOtrieveit.(TheFLORIANtool availablefromvariouswebsites>Ocan potentiallyrecoverthefile,seequestionuWherecanIfind4Ohfreeware/shareware/softwareforOpenVMS?hfor pointers.QOOther alternativeshereincludetheDFUtool, availableonthe2OOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribution.nDuuxOxO"QOIfyouaresettingupauser environmentforyourselforforPOothers,itisquiteeasytouseDCLto intercepttheDELETE%O5command,usingasymbol:2O$&DEL*ETE%:==&@SYS$LOGIN:MYDELETE.COMp! FKOTheDELETEsymbolwillcausethe proceduretobeinvokedJOwhenevertheuserenterstheDELETEcommand,anditcanSO5copythefile(s)toa ``trashcan'' subdirectorybeforeissuingaMO``real''DELETEonthefiles.)Other procedurescanretrieveNOthefile(s)fromthe ``trashcan'' subdirectory,andcan(andRO>should)cleanoutthe ``trashcan''as appropriate.'(RealizethatCOthisDELETEsymbolcan interferewith DELETE/GLOBAL.OandothersimilarDCL commands.)! yGO9.5BWhatisthelargestdiskvolumesizeOpenVMScan(access? OOneTerabyte(TB;2 (**s31blocksof2 V** 9bytes; 0x07FFFFFFFMOblocks).*255volumesinavolumeset.*Thelargestcontigu-PO^ous allocationpossibleforany particularfileis 0x03FFFFFFFOblocks.NMOPriortothereleaseofV6.0,theOpenVMSfilesystemwas6Olimitedtodiskvolumesof8.38GB(2 **24blocks,16777216O5blocks)orless.! aNOOnsomesystems,thereare restrictionsintheconsolepro-MOgramthatlimitthesizeoftheOpenVMSsystemdisk.)NoteNO5thatdatadisksarenotaffectedbyconsoleprogramlimits.MOForexample,allmembersofthe VAXstation3100seriesareWOlimitedtoasystemdiskto1.073GBorlessduetotheconsole,PO>thoughlargerdatadisksare possible.*ThislimitduetothePOSCSIdriversusedbyandbuiltintotheconsoleROMtoreadOOtheOpenVMS bootstrapfiles,andthesesamedriversarealso?OHusedbyOpenVMStowritethesystem crashdump.  GOTherearenumerous discussionsofthis VAXstation3100IOinthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.*PleaseuseGoogleIO5 newsgroupsearchtosearchthearchivesforfurtherde-POtails,for discussionsofthe workarounds,andfordetailsofSOthe potentialforasimplefailed bootstrapand particularlyforQO> discussionsofthe potentialforseveresystemdisk corruptionsOoncrashes.B! HOSomeSCSIdiskswith capacitieslargerthan8.58giga-IObytes(GB)willrequiretheuseofanOpenVMSECOkit.O5(eg:* ALPSCSI04_062orlater;see"5Section14.255fordetails)LOfornewSCSIdevicedrivers.+FailuretousethisECOcanKOcause "roundingerrors"ontheSCSIdiskdevice capacity-MO>OpenVMSwillnotusenordisplaythefullcapacityoftheFO drive-and"%sysinit-e-errormountingsystemdevicesta-BOtusequals 000008C4"(8C4->"%SYSTEM-?-FILESTRUCT,KOH unsupportedfile structurelevel")errorsduring bootstrap.KO(One workaroundforthe bootstrapwhenthebitmapislo-KOcatedfarintothediskistheuseofINIT/INDEX=BEGIN.)PORTheproblemhereinvolvesthe particular extensionsandfieldsOOusedforlargercapacitydiskswithintheSCSIspecifications>Oandwithinthevariousintepretationsofsame.*"?R((OForATA(IDE)diskdrives:!  `m$mVersionsof SYS$DQDRIVER y*mBEFORE _y*mX-15toppedoutat8.455GB.XBWFixeddrivers(equalorgreaterthan"X-15")wereshippedin:Y! / h-YhOpenVMSAlphaV7.2-1,andlater .YV7.2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater f0YfV7.1-2UPDATEV1.0ECO,andlater 0YV7.1-2UPDATEV3.0ECO,andlater `e?eThenewer SYS$DQDRIVERdriveroperatestodisksGupto33GBwithout(known) problems,and effectivelyOworkswithratherlargerdisks(uptocirca137GB)butisIoknowntoreportan incorrectnumberof "cylinders"withdisksabove33GB.j OSeeSection14.4.4.2,for additionalATA SYS$DQDRIVERO information.*F? NOBeawarethataknown restrictionincertainolderversionsKOoftheAlphaSRMConsolepreventsbootingmostATA(IDE)NO5driveslargerthan8.455GB, dependingonexactlywheretheLOvariousfilesarelocatedonthevolume.(UpdatedSRMcon-NOsolesforsystemswithSRMandATA(IDE)drivesupportareJO>(willbe) available.)(OpenVMS Engineeringhas successfullyHO bootstrapped20GBATA(IDE)disksusingthe appropriate!OSRMconsole version.) q_UtNote q_GAll disk-relatedlistedinthissectionarestatedinLRunitsof"disk(baseten) gigabytes"(1GB=10^9bytes) and tnot?inunitsof "software(basetwo) gigabytes"(1CGB=2^30;1GB= 1073741824.)*bytes.+Pleasesee[Section14.256[fordetailsofthe nomenclatureandoftheunits. *?? MOBeawarethatlargerdisksthatareusingan extensionofKOSCSI-2-disksthatareusingamodepagefieldthattheKO5SCSI-2specificationsnormallyreservedfortape devices-toOOpermitalargerdiskvolumesizewillrequireaSCSIdriverMOupdateforOpenVMS,andthischangeispartofV7.1-2andIO>later,andalsopartof ALPSCSI07_062andlater.,(TheseMOlargerdisksdiskswill typicallyreportaDRVERR,orwillNOseethevolumesize"roundeddown".)(SCSIdiskslargerthanPOH16777216blockscira8.455GB(baseten);8GB(basetwo)re-NOquirethisECO,orrequiretheuseofOpenVMSAlphaV7.1-2Oorlater.! aRO ApplicationswritteninCcanbelimitedtofilesizesoftwoRO gigabytesandless,asaresultoftheuseoflongwordvaluesTO5withinCfile operations,and specificallyoff_t.&This restrictionPOisliftedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater,andwiththeapplica-SOtionoftheCECOkits availableforspecificearlier releases.OO>Theuseofalongwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingXOnativeCI/Otofilesizesoftwo gigabytesorless,ortheseap-KO plicationsmustusenativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecificOH operations.oEOAlsosee}Section14.13,vSection14.25.*}F?T*vF? IO9.6BWhatisthemaximumfilesize,andtheRMSrecord(sizelimit?OORMScanstore individualfilesofasizeuptothemaximumJO supportedvolumesize.)UnderOpenVMSV6.0andlater,theHO^volumesizeandtheRMSmaximumfilesizelimitis2 j** @^31 j*,O512 bytes-oneterabyte(1TB).WLO``Useavolumesettoprovidealarge, homogeneouspublicTOfilespace.(YoumustuseavolumesettocreatefilesthatareNO5largerthanasinglephysicaldiskvolume.*(ThefilesystemNOattemptstobalancetheloadonthevolumesets,forexam-UOple,bycreatingnewfilesonthevolumethatistheleastfullO>atthetime.)'' bQO``Youcanaddvolumestoanexistingvolumesetatanytime.KOThemaximumnumberofvolumesinavolumesetis255.''HO5Further,witha255member bound-volumeset,thetheo-ROreticalmaximumlimitoffilesis 4,261,478,145files,lessthe,O directoriesandreservedfiles.! bJOTheRMSformats-sequential, relative,and indexed-arelim-MOitedbytheoneterabytemaximumvolumesize.'RMSrelativeWO5filesarefurtherlimitedtoanumberofrecordsthatwillfitinNO32bits-4billionrecords.) Sequentialandindexedformatsdo&Onothavearecordlimit.pFOAlsosee}Section2.17.1,Section14.25.*}F?*F? E-CO9.7BHowdoIwrite CD-RecordableorDVDmediaon(OpenVMS?AOHowtocreateCD-R,CD-RW,DVD-R,DVD+R,DVD-RW,)OorDVD+RWmediaonOpenVMS?! WHOFor informationonCDandDVDopticalmediadrivesonOOpenVMS,pleasesee`Section14.29.#jFor informationontheJO5creationofOpenVMSmediaandofOpenVMSbootablemedia,KOafull step-by-stepsequenceis documentedintheOpenVMSMOAskTheWizardtopic(9820).)An abbreviatedversionofthe'O>sequenceisincludedhere.*`?JO Recording (writing)ofCDandDVDopticalmediarequiresOOa recordingormedia mastering applicationortool,andbothHO5 commercialandnon-commercialoptionsare available.(For@OOpenVMSV8.3andlater,seetheCOPY/RECORDABLE_=OMEDIAcommand availablewithin OpenVMSitself.DO>Alternatively,pleaseseeCDRECORD(bothnon-DVDandIODVDversionsare available,andatleastone commercialJOversionis available),andalsoseeDVDwrite (commercial)COHor DVDRECORD(opensource).+AportofCDRECORDis3OpresentinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater.  `mBmAcquirea comparativelyrecent SCSI-basedorATAPI9(IDE)CD-RorDVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWdrive.OlderHdrivescanbevery problematic,whilenewerdrivesareEwreadily available,andarecheapandveryfast,andGtendtohavebetter compliancewithcurrent standards.7(Useofolderdrivesisnot recommended.(Relateddevice6 requirements informationis availableinSection14.29. `>GetthemostrecentLDDRIVER availableontheEY Freeware,oractivateandusetheLDversionlatentGinOpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1andV7.3-2byloadingtheLD@ commandverb(lookwithinSYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COMJbforrelated details),orusethe integratedLDfoundin$OpenVMSV8.2andlater.*D?@zFWIn particular,youwillwanttousethecurrentECOHkitforLDDRIVER(as available),ortheversionofLDC distributedwithV8.2.-TheOpenVMSV8.2versionofEaLDDRIVERwasalsokittedonFreewareV7.0asLD071. DWIfyouarenotrunningOpenVMSV8.2,the specifiedILD071kitorlater,oracurrentECOwiththeupdate,Jyouwillwanttoupgrade,oryouwillwanttousetheaDCLcommand:1SET%"FILE/CACHING_ATTRIBUTES=NO_CACHINGQOIontheLD partitionfile.'Thisisa workaroundforanincom-IO patibilityfoundbetweenolderLDDRIVERversionsandthe OXFCcachingsupport.! HWAsan alternativetoLDand LDDRIVER,youcanacquire=andloadtheVD64packagefromthe Freeware. `/:/UsetheCOPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIAcommandavail-IablewithinOpenVMSV8.3andlater,orusetheversionLofCDRECORDbuiltinV7.3-1orlater,orobtainanduti-M9lizeoneoftheopensourceor commercialversionsofthe3CDRTOOLS/CDRECORDorDVDRTOOLS/CDRECORDMtools,orothersimilar recordingtools.'FreewareV6.0dis-BB tribution.+(&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/)GAnOpenVMSportofthecmcdCDaudioripperisalso: reportedly available.'http://www.amb.org/xmcd/<WVersionsofCDRECORD (non-DVD)arelatentin?OpenVMSAlphaV7.3-1andlater., Commercialver-@sionsofCDDRECORD-withDVDcapabilities-arealsoJa availableforvarious platforms,and particularlyavari-8antofCDRECORDknownasCDRECORD-ProDVD.9COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIAisbuiltintoOpenVMSkV8.3andlater.! 3EWBewarethetoolchosen:*someversionsand configura-EtionsofCDRECORDcanrecordDVDmedia,ascantheA DVDRECORDpackage,ascanthe commercialDVDwrite@apackage.*ManyversionsofCDRECORDcannotrecordADVDmedia, includingtheversionofCDRECORDla-GtentwithinOpenVMSandtheversionfoundonFreeware=kV6.0;theseversionscannotrecordDVDmedia. `LBuildthecontentsofthediskontheLDorVD64deviceB partition. `OUsethechosen recordingtooltorecordthecontentsoftheHLDorVD64 partitiondirectlyontotheopticalmedium.zHOAlternatively,considerthe followingcommandonOpenVMS$OAlphaV7.3-1andlater:)Oa@SYS$MANAGER:CDRECORD.COM&HELP JOWhilefolkshavehadsuccessgettingPC-basedCD-R/RWor@ODVD-R/RWorDVD+R/RWtoolstoworkwithOpenVMSMO5 partitions,itisfareasierandmorereliabletousetheKO OpenVMS-basedversionsofthesetoolsanddirectly-attachedNOdevices.*Ifyouusea Windows-basedtool,youwillwanttoMO> specificallyselectitsrawmode,imagemode,or block-copyIOmode, dependingonthe terminologywithinthe particularMOtool.*Thetransfermodeand selectionsis variouslyreferedHOHtoasa disk-at-once(DAO) 2048-byteblockISOMode17Oraw/image/blockdatadisk recordingmode.HOMoredetails:+CreationofCD recordableorDVDrecord-HOablemediaunderOpenVMS typicallyinvolvesoneoftwoNO5 approaches:)theuseoftheoptionalCD-R (`Scribe')capabil-ROities availableforthe InfoServerorother ``offline''hardwareKOpackages (PC-basedpackageswillbeincludedinthis),orGO>theuseofa host-basedpackagesuchastheCDRECORDBOorCOPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA(V8.3andlater)orotherHO utilities, includingOpenVMSportsofcommon open-sourceCOHtoolsmade availablebyDr.-EberhardHeuser-HofmannCOandvariousothers./ CommercialpackagesandoptionsCOarealso available.-Dr.-Heuser-HofmannhasDVDwriteGOR,a commercialpackagewhichcanrecordDVDmedia.,(/O"http://home.tiscali.de/dvd4openvms)J  COOpenVMScanreadODS-2,ODS-5,andISO-9660formatGOCD-ROMsandDVD-ROMs directly.((Ifyouareverycare-LO5ful,youcancreatea dual-formatCD-R;aCD-RwithbothJOODS-2andISO-9660orbothODS-5andISO-9660orboth.) NGOOpenVMSdoesnotsupportISO-9660:1999,northeJolietGOorRockRidge extensionsto ISO-9660,norcanOpenVMS/O5decryptcopy-protectedvideoDVDs.  lGO InfoServerhardwareconfigurationsarenolongeravail-NOablefromHP,butmay potentiallybeacquiredthroughotherFO5means;asused equipment.. InfoServersupportalsohasMOveryspecificCD-R recordingdeviceprerequisites,andtheseDO recordingdevicesarenolonger generally available.%  BOPackages related to the use of DVD archiving areIOalso available,seethe multi-volume capabilitiesofthe'O5DVDarchive/restore Freeware.IO?http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/9999/vmscdwri.htmlv LLO Additional informationis availableatthe followingsites:n A D `m.m$http://www.djesys.com/vms/cdrom.html `4*http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Technology/CD-E R/vms.html `J@http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cdrom/cd-recordable/part1/preamble.html `D&Dhttp://www.tmesis.com/CDrom/ `'http://www.tditx.com/~odsiso/V ,QOU.S.Designoffersapackagethatincludesthetools necessaryIOtocreateaCDorDVD-RwitheitherISO-9660orODS-2BO5format,for standaloneCD-R/RW,DVD-R,orDVD+R/RWPOdrives,forrecentOpenVMS versions.'Detailsare availableat:W- `m"mhttp://www.usdesign.com/OAlsoseeSection9.7.27Pfordetailsonaccesstorecordedmedia$OonolderCD-ROMdrives.*F?o6O9.7.1BCDandDVD notation, terminology?BO4CD-ROMis pre-recordedCompactDiskmedia,andisIOtheoriginalandoldestCDformat.+TheoriginalCDme-NOdiawas physicallystamped,a recordingprocessthatisnowIO=largelyreservedtothehighest-volumemedia reproductionO requirements. NIOCD-RisCD Recordable,a write-oncestoragemediumthatUOcanbereadbyallbuttheoldestofCDdrives;aformatwhichMO5canbereadandoftenevenrecordedbymostCD-RWdrives.NHOCD-RWisCD ReWritable,aformatwhichisreadablebyJOmanyCDdrivesandbymostCD-Rdrives,andwithmediaGO5thatcanberecordedand re-recordedbyCD-RWdrives. WKOCDmedia recordingspeedsarelistedas multiplesof150RO kilobytespersecond,soa10Xdriverecordsat1500 kilobytesJO5(1.5 megabytes)persecond.*600MB(70minutes)and700MOMB(80minutes) recording capacitiesarebothwidelyavail-OOable.(Theminutes designationisderivedfromthe traditionalHO> audio-format recordingcapacityofthe particularmedia. WGODVD-R/RWistheolderoftwocommonDigital VersatileJODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD-R RecordableorDVD-JO5RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDdrives.(AsLOwithCD-RformatsinolderCDdrives,olderDVDandpar-HO ticularlyfirst-generationDVDplayersmayhaveproblems'O>readingthismediaformat.! W{LODVD+R/RWisthenewerofthetwocommonDigital VersatileDODisk recordingformats,andtheDVD+R RecordableorAO5DVD+RW ReWritablemediacanbereadbymanyDVDGOdrives.+AkintoDVD-R/RWmedia,olderand particularlyKOfirst-generationDVDdrivescanhaveproblemsreadingthisO>mediaformat. MOTheDVD Plus-seriesdrivesandmediatendtorecordfasterSOthanMinusdrives,as(asofthiswriting)thePlus(+)drivesJO5donotrequireaninitialmedia formattingpassandtheIOMinus(-)drivesdo.-Whilethe appropriatePlus(+)orMOMinus(-)DVDrawmediamustbechosenforthe particularJO>DVDrecorder(andDVD recordingdrivesthatarecompati-POblewithandcapableofusingbothPlusandMinusmediaareLO available),the resultingrecordedmediais generallyread-LOHable (playable)inallrecentDVDdrivesandDVDplayers,LO regardlessoftype.,(CompatibilityisbestwithinthesamePO media-seriesdevicesofcourse,butbecertaintoverifycom-ROR patibilityacrossdevices regardlessofthe particulardeviceor0O particular recordingmediachosen.) bJO PresentlyPlus(+)mediaisslightlymore expensivethanPOMinus(-),butwiththepricesofallCDandallDVDmediaMO5 continuingto consistentlyfall,the differencesinDVDme-SOdiacostsarebecoming irreleventforallbutthe productionof(OhugevolumesofDVDmedia.JOTheratedDVD recordingspeedsarein multiplesof1353OO kilobytespersecond,thusaDVD1Xdriveisroughlyequiv-KO5alenttoaCD9XdriveinI/O requirementsandtransferOspeed.wHODVDdrive recordingspeedcananddoesvary.,DVDdiskPOdrive recordingspeedislimitedbytherated recordingspeedLO5ofthemediaused,sotheslower(andcheaper)DVDmediaOOwillnotrecordanymorequicklyinafasterdrive.*A2.4XDODVDdriveloadedwith1Xmediawillrecordat1X.DO9.7.2BUseofRRD42andotherolder(embossed-media)<(CDdrives?HOTheRRD42seriesSCSICD-ROMdriveis sufficientlyoldEOthatitcanhaveproblems processingCD-RandCD-RWJO=media.*OtherveryoldCDdrivescanhave equivalentme-JOdia compatibilityproblemswhen attemptingtoread(much)GOnewerCDmediaandnewerCDmedia technologies.*TheseJOGolderCDdrivesare generallyintendedforusewiththeGO so-calledembossedmedia,ratherthanwith non-embossedFOrecorded (recordable)medianowincommon circulation.NGOPleaseconsiderusingaslightly-less-ancientCD-ROMorCOCD-RorCD-RWdrivewhenworkingwith non-embossedO5recordedCDmedia.N@OTo paraphraseoneknowledgable-though deliberatelyJOnameless-storage engineer,``TheRRD42driveisjustpast(O5thedroolingidiotstage''.- jFO9.7.3BCreatingBootableOpenVMSI64CDorDVDMedia?<( SYS$SETBOOT?QOIfyouarecreatingabootableCDorDVDmediaforusewithGOOpenVMSI64,youwillwanttospecifythe SYS$SETBOOTTO=blocksizeof2048,andyouwillalsowantadiskclusterfac-IOtorthatisamultipleoffourviaINITIALIZE/CLUSTER=4SO(or8,or...),oryouwillwanttoensurethat SYS$EFI.SYSandFOGSYS$DIAGNOSTICS.SYSarealignedtoamultipleoffourKOblocks;toa2048byte boundary.,This alignmentandthisLOblockingisonly necessaryforOpenVMSI64,andonlywhenBOQcreatingopticalmediaOpenVMSI64for bootstraps. NKOThedefault512-byteblocksettingusedby SYS$SETBOOTisPOthecorrectandexpectedvaluefor traditionaldisk bootstraps$O5onOpenVMSI64systems.? FOOncethebootfilesareloaded,OpenVMSI64operatesLOwith512-byteblocks;asisthecasewithATAPIdisksonLO5OpenVMSAlpha,all applicationcodewillonlysee512-byte7OblocksonopticalmediaonOpenVMSI64.!NMOOpenVMSI64V8.2andlaterareexpectedtohaveaversionGOof SYS$SETBOOTthatwillflaga misaligned SYS$EFI.SYSGO5and(ifpresent)a misalignedSYS$DIAGNOSTICS.SYSfile." WEOFor informationon SYS$SETBOOTandtheSET BOOTBLOCKOcommand,pleaseseeXSection14.3.9 UandseetheOpenVMSMO5documentation.'ThepurposeandintentoftheSYS$SETBOOT.EXEEOimageandtheSET BOOTBLOCKcommandis analogousto?Othe WRITEBOOT.EXEimageonexistingOpenVMSVAX'O>andOpenVMSAlphasystems.*"X?D#! HOFor informationonCDandDVDopticalmediadrivesonOOpenVMS,pleaseseeZSection14.29.'_For additionalrelatedin-IO5 formationoncreatingbootableOpenVMSmedia,pleasesee*OAskTheWizardtopic(9820).*#Z?fi6 ?-O9.12CHowtoreadlockedfiles?MOUFilescanbelockedby applications,andvarious approachesquestingthe submissionformanddetailsofthe registrationOprocess. _UNote _EPleasedonotrequestfacilityprefixesforproductsJthatlocaltoyour business,yoursite,oryoursystem.ERFacilityprefixesandmessagecodesandthefacilityF registrationprocessareintendedsolelyforHPprod-AuctsandPartnerProducts(andyes,evenOpenVMSB[Freeware packages)thatwillbe distributedacross-multipleOpenVMScustomersites. =NOForalistofcommoncodingbugs,pleaseseethe remainder ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums)? rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*?|?&@GO10.2CCanIhaveasourcecodeexampleof calling...?DOUPleaseusethe availableSEARCHcommandonOpenVMS,LOandpleaseremembertosearchthe available resources,in-JOcludingthesupport databasesandthe newsgroup archives.KO^PleasealsorealizethatmostOpenVMSsystemservicesuseMOsimilarcalling sequences,meaningthatanexampleofcall-OOing sys$getjpicanbeusedasanexamplefor sys$getsyiandQOh sys$getdvi.( Students:(pleasedonotexpectfolkstowriteyour:Ohomeworkforyou.'Asforsearch resources:HA `mmSEARCH SYS$EXAMPLES: y* m. y*Bmtarget `!SEARCHTCPIP$EXAMPLES: >* c. s*target `l0l&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ ` http://www.google.com/BNCOOpenVMS programmingdocumentation, includingthenu-IOmerousexampleprogramsfoundinrecentversionsofthe(O5OpenVMS ProgrammingConcepts!'5manual,is available:`C6 `m+m!http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/+D IOAsfordetailsofargumentpassing,mostOpenVMSsystemMOservicesandRTLroutinespassstring argumentsbydescrip-NO5tor.( LanguageswhichsupportnativestringdatatypescreatePO descriptorsautomatically;thosewhichdonot(eg.,C)requireOOthatyousetthemup explicitly.*Forfurtherdetailsonus-PO>ing descriptorsand particularlyforusing descriptorsfromC,OpleaseseeSection10.13.*DZ?t0E! IOThereis extensive information availableonhowtocallDOOpenVMSsystemservicesandOpenVMSRun-TimeLibraryIO5 routines, includingexamplesinnumerous languages.'Among0Othebest available referencesare:`F6 `m(mYour language'sUserManual `3OpenVMS Programming EnvironmentManual `l0lOpenVMS ProgrammingConceptsManual `?OpenVMS Programming Interfaces:+CallingaSystemDRoutine `$OpenVMSCallingStandardLG"NOIn addition,youcanalsolocateanswers,sourcecodeexam-LOplesandrelated discussionsintheJamesSearch AssistantJO5 (formerlyNLSA(NaturalLanguageSearch Assistant),itself>OformerlyknownasAskCompaq(AskQ)) database:oHE `m:m0http://www2.itrc.hp.com/service/james/CPQhome.doIWNOInthisarea,youwillfindthesourcecodeof programmingLOexamplesforcallstomanyoftheOpenVMSsystemservicesIO5(andfromvarious programming languages), includingcallsQOtocoreservicessys$getjpi[w], sys$getsyi[w]and sys$qio[w],asOOwellassourcecodeexamplesforcallstomanyothersystemMO>servicesandrun-timelibrary routines,andexamplesofoneKOofthemore difficultcalling interfacesfoundonOpenVMSdetails,andsee}>Section10.11*f>for image-related information.*VF?j*V?*V}?j6  d 2GO10.10CHowdoIgetauniquesystemIDfor licensingR( purposes?JOManysoftware developersdesiretouseauniquehardwareUOIDto``lock''agivencopyoftheirproducttoaspecificsys-HO^tem.+MostVAXandAlphasystemsdonothaveauniquePO hardware-set``systemID''thatcanbeusedforthispurpose.JOHPOpenVMSproductsdonotusehardwareIDsintheli-IOhcensingmethods,asmanyusersconsiderahardware-basedKO licensingschemetobenegative attributewhen consideringOsoftware purchases.+e COHPOpenVMSusesasoftware-basedsystemcalledtheKOLicense ManagementFacility(LMF).Thisprovidesforsoft-EO5warekeys(Product AuthorizationKeysorPAKS)whichLOsupportcapacityand user-basedlicense checking.(HPoffersFOanLMFPAK GeneratortoDSPP (formerlyCSA)members- O>see>Section2.8.3:>forgeneraldetailsontheDSPP offerings,FOandonthe DSPP-providedFreewarePAKGENPAKthatisRO availableforthosethatare interestedindetails.*(Sorry,no;HOHyoucan'tusetheFreewarePAKGENPAKtogenerateanyNOPAKyoumightwant.(FolksatHPalsothoughtofthatone,Otoo.)*e?yfO7OFor informationon licensing,pleaseseeSection12.4.*fF?{gKOHowever,ifahardware-basedmethodis required,themostEOcommonmethodisbasedonanEthernetadaptorhard-KO5wareaddress.*Samplesourcecodefor implementingthisisO availableat:h ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums)i rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*i|?&4GO10.19CHowdoIactivatetheOpenVMSDebuggerfromanR( application?$O#include%{lib$routines.h}O#include% {ssdef.h}O-#include% {string.h}Omain() {*&char%ascic_debug_commands[128];3nchar%*dbgcmd&=%"*show&calls;go;exit";4strcpy(%ascic_debug_commands,%dbgcmd&);Gascic_debug_commands[0]%=%(char)%strlen(%dbgcmd%)%-&1;7-lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG,1,ascic_debug_commands);return&1; 9}OAlsoseeSection10.284nforanotherrelated discussionoftheJO-OpenVMS Debugger,andofa techniquethatusestheSS$_ODEBUGsignal.*?O1-;O10.22CHPCandotherOpenVMSC ProgrammingR(Considerations?EOVAXCV3.2wasreleasedforOpenVMSVAXsystemsinLO1991.)DECCV4.0replacedVAXCV3.2in1993astheHPHO^CcompilerforOpenVMSVAXsystems.*HPCistheANSIFOCcompilerforOpenVMSAlphasystems.+VAXCpredatesLOtheANSIC standards,andhasvariousareasthatarenotFOh compliantwithANSIC requirements.,HPCisanANSIIOC compiler,andcanalsocompilemostVAXCcodewhenFO/STANDARD=VAXCis specified.+VersionsofthiscompilerIOrbetweenV3.2andV6.5 (exclusive)wereknownasDECC,&ODIGITALC,andCompaqC.; QOBoth compilerscanbe installedatthesametimeonthesameEOOpenVMSVAXsystem,allowinga migrationfromVAXCOO5toDECC,andallowingthesameDECCcodetobeusedon,OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha.= JOThesystemmanagercanchoosethesystemdefaultCcom-QOpilerwhenHPCis installedonasystemwithVAXC,andaNO5C programmercan explicitlyselecttherequiredcompilerfor*Oaany particular compilation.NOAcurrent"C"licensePAKallowsaccesstobothVAXCand5OHPConthesameOpenVMSVAXsystem.2 HOVariousHPCversionscanbe installedonOpenVMSVAXGOV5.5-2andlater.+OpenVMSVAXreleasessuchasV5.5-2QO5andV6.0willrequirethe installationofaHPCRTLkit,aLOkitthatisincludedwiththeHPC compiler.(OpenVMSVAXSOversionsV6.1andlaterdonotrequireaseperateRTLkit,butMO>HPCRTLECOkitsare availabletoresolveproblemsfoundquiredexplicit specificationofanRTL shareableimageorC.Oobjectlibraryduringthelink.)+ %IOWhenthe/PREFIXis requested,thecompiler generatesaRO"decc$"prefixonthe specifiedsymbols.'ThisprefixallowstheLO5LINKERtoresolvetheexternalsymbolsagainstthesymbolsFOpresentintheDECC$SHRlibrary.)TheDECC$SHRlibraryIOisincludedinthe IMAGELIB.OLB shareableimagelibrary,FO>andIMAGELIBissearchedbydefaultwhenanyprogramKO(writteninany language)isLINKed.(BecausethestandardOOClibraryroutinenamesareverylikelytomatch applicationQOHroutineswritteninother languages,aprefix"decc$"isaddedPOtotheCsymbolnamestoassuretheir uniqueness;topreventHOsymbolnaming conflicts.)C programs,however,cansome-LORtimeshaveprivate librariesforvarious purposes,andtheMOexternalroutinessharethesamenamesasthelibraryrou-MOtines.*(Thisisnot recommended,butthereare applicationsNO[aroundthatusethis technique.)*Thustheneedto explicityPOspecifywhetherornotthe"decc$"prefixshouldbe prepended>O totheexternalsymbolnamesbythe compiler.NOOThe qualifiers,andmost(all?)(with associatedpragmas,thatIOmaybeofinterestwhen migratingVAXCcodetoHPCO5include:@l  `mLmFailuretospecifythe prefixing qualifier(oncertainandNusuallyolderversionsofC)cancausethecompilertonotLaddtheprefixesforthenamesoftheClibraryroutinesMwintothe referencesplacedintheobjectmodule,whichcanJinturncauseproblems resolvingtheexternalsymbolsin<(thelibrarywhentheobjectcodeislinked:O/PREFIX=ALL_ENTRIES `,E,SomeVAXCprograms erroneouslywritetothestringN literals.(Bydefault,HPCdoesnotallowthe constantstochange.*Ob /ASSUME=WRITABLE_STRING_LITERALS `OEnablessharing (``shr'')ofglobalsandofextern variables.K:HPCsetsexternsas non-shareable (``noshr''),VAXCas``shr''.O/SHARE_GLOBALS `EVAXCassumescommonblockmodelforexternallink-ages.#Ot/EXTERN_MODE=COMMON_BLOCK `EReferstothepaddingplacedbetweenmemberelementsFLwithinastruct.) Disablingmember alignmentpackstheGdatamoretightlyintomemory,butthis packaginghasA performance implications,bothonOpenVMSVAXand4V  particularlyonOpenVMSAlphasystems.O /[NO]MEMBER_ALIGNMENT `Z AZ Enableallmannerofusefulcompiler diagnostics:NO D/WARN=ENABLE=(LEVEL4,QUESTCODE)/STANDARD=PORT/ACCEPT=NOVAXC_KEYWORDS KWYoucandisable extraneous diagnosticswiththe following:#ifdef%__DECC $#pragma&message%saveGl#pragma&message%disable%/*%insert%message%tag%here%*/#endif! ajGOPermit structurememberstobe naturallyalignedwhen-BOever possible,andavoidusing/NOMEMBER_ALIGNMENT.JO5Ifyouneedtodisablemember alignment,usetheequiv-HOilent#pragmato designatethespecific structures..TheHO alignmentof structuremembersnormallyonlycomesintoIO>playwithspecific unaligneddatastructures-suchastheLO sys$creprcquota itemlist-andwithdata structuresthatareROusingdatathatwas organizedbyasystemusingbyteorother OH non-member alignment. KOVersionsofHPCsuchasV6.0includethe capabilitytoLOextractthecontentsofthestandardheader librariesintoFO5 directoriessuchasSYS$SYSROOT:[DECC$LIB...],andpro-LOvidevariouslogicalnamesthatcanbedefinedtocontrolNOlibrary searches.)WithHPCversionssuchasV6.0,thede-LO>fault operationsofthecompilermatchthe expectationsofDOmostOpenVMS programmers,without requiringanydef-MOinitionsof site-specificlibrary-relatedlogicalnames.*(AndMOHlogicalnamesleftfromolderDECCversionscan sometimesCOcausethecompilertroubleslocatingheaderfiles.)! [OOHPCV5.6andlaterincludeabackportlibrary,a mechanismFObywhichHPCrunningonolderOpenVMSreleasescanPO5gainaccesstonewerRTLroutinesaddedtotheRTLinlaterDOOpenVMS releases-thelanguageRTLsshipwithOpenVMS2Oitself,andnotwiththe compilers.uKAOExampleCcodeis availableinSYS$EXAMPLES:, in9O DECW$EXAMPLES(whenthe DECwindowsexamplesIO5are installed),inTCPIP$SERVICES(oronolder releases,DO UCX$EXAMPLES)whenHPTCP/IPServicesis installed),DOontheFreewareCD-ROMs,andatwebsitessuchas ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&+O10.22.1COthercommonCissuesMO4The localtime( )functionandvariousother functionsmain-JOtainthenumberofyearssince1900inthe"structtm"KO structuremembertm_year.)ThisfieldwillcontainavalueQO=of100intheyear2000,101for2001,etc.,andtheyearlyFOincrementationofthisfieldisexpectedto continue.P&HOTheCepoch typicallyusesalongword(knownastime_LOt)tocontainthenumberofsecondssincemidnighton1-JO5 Jan-1970.+Atthecurrentrateof consumptionofseconds,LOthislongwordisexpectedtooverflow(when interpretedasHOasigned longword)circa03:14:07on 19-Jan-2038(GMT),MO>asthistimeiscirca 0x7FFFFFFFsecondssincetheCbaseOOdate.)(Themostcommonsolutionistoensurethattime_tisOan unsigned.)c9SOIfCdoesnot correctlyhandlethedisplayofthelocalsystemCOtime,thenchecktheUTC configurationonOpenVMS-JO5themostcommonsymptomofthisisaskewofonehourJO(orwhateverthelocaldaylightsavingtimechangemightMObe).+Thisskewcanbecausedby incorrecthandlingoftheOO>"is_dst"settinginthe applicationprogram,orbyanincor-JOrectOpenVMSUTC configurationonthelocalsystem.((SeeOsectionYSection4.4.)*Y|? IOFloatingpointis prohibitedinOpenVMSAlpha inner-modeJO (privileged)code,andinanyprocessorother executionLO5contextthatdoesnothavefloatingpointenabled.,Cpro-BOgrammers developingandworkingwithOpenVMSAlphaLOhigh-IPL kernel-modecodesuchasdevicedriverswillwantNO>tobecomefamiliarwiththefloatingpoint processingavail-MOableinthe environment,andwiththeCcompiler qualifier6O$/INSTRUCTION_SET=[NO]FLOATING_POINT.DeviceLOHdriversandothersimilar kernel-modeCcodemustbecom-;Opiledwith/INSTRUCTION_SET=FLOATING_POINTand&O/EXTERN_MODEL=STRICT_REFDEF.! ?O Additionally,the!SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C.TLB/LIBRARYOO parameterwillbeneededtobeappendedtothemodulespec-LO5 ificationordeclaredviatheC compiler'sincludelibraryIOlogicalname mechanismwhentheCcompileris resolvingIO kernel-modedata structuresand definitions.+ThislibraryGO>containsOpenVMS kernel-modeandothersystem declarac-NOtions,and particularlyamixtureof undocumented definitionsOOand declarations,and particularly definitionsand declarationsPOHthataresubjecttochange(andthatcan accordinglyleadtoHO requirementsforthe recompilationof applicationcode).U t+GOInadditiontothe user-modeCRun-TimeLibrary(RTL)GO mentionedintheOpenVMSCRTL documentationandref-O5erencedoverin5Section3.9,-B5thereisasecondandparallelGO kernel-modeRTL accessabletodevicedriversandotherCOkernelcodeonOpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSI64.,TheMO>mostcommontimethissecondClibraryisnoticediswhenHOCcodeis (erroneously)linkedwith/SYSEXE/SYSLIB,andLO duplicatesymbolerrors typicallythenarise.*Ascoderun-FOHningin supervisor-, executive-or kernel-modecontextIOcannotcallouta user-modeRTLorother user-modeli-HObrary,youwillwantto respecifythecommandasLINKHOR/SYSEXE/NOSYSLIB.Thiswill eliminatethe duplicatesym-PObolerrors,sinceonlythe kernel-modelibrarywillberefer-POenced,anditwillalsoavoidcallingoutintothe user-modeO[ libraries.*~?.P&KOWhensharing variableswithother languages,hereissome!OexampleHPCcode... /a...%/#pragma& extern_model%save./#pragma& extern_model% strict_refdef%/9extern%intpVMS$GL_FLAVOR;(/#pragma& extern_model%restore /...BOandhereissome associatedexampleBlisscode... /.../PEXTERNALVMS$GL_FLAVOR,/....! g-O10.22.2COthercommonC++issuesGO4HPC++(aseparatecompilerfromHPC)providesbothHOsymbolmanglingandsymbol decoration.+Someofthede-NOtailsofworkingwithlongersymbolnamesandthe resultingHO=symbolnamemanglinginmixedlanguage environmentsarePOlistedinthe shareableimage cookbook,andintheC++docu-IO mentation.(Symbolname decorationpermitsthe overloadingPOGof functions(byadding characterstotheexternalsymbolforQOthefunctiontoindicatethefunctionreturntypeandthear-HOgumentdatatypes involved),andmixed-languageexternalSOQ referencescanandoftendoneedtodisablethis decorationvia3Otheextern"C" declaration mechanism:/.extern%"C" zv{-zextern%int%ExternSymbol(void%*);2zextern%int%OtherExternSymbol(void%*); zN}uOAlsoseeSection14.7-Afor informationon /ARCHITECTUREOand/OPTIMIZE=TUNE.*F?: OSeeSection10.158for informationontheCsystemandthe5O lib$spawncallinCAPTIVE environments.*F?VJO Constructssuchastheorderofincrementationordecre-JO mentationandtheorderofargument processingwithinanHO5argumentlistareallimplementation-defined.*Thismeans0OthatCcoding constructssuchas:i%=&i++;Za[i]%=&i++;foo(%i,%i++,&--i);! GOare undefinedandcanhave (adverse) implicationswhenQOportingtheCcodetoanotherCcompilerortoanotherplat-JO5form.+Ingeneral,any combinationof++,-,=,+=,-=, @* +5=,OOetc operatorsthatwillcausethesamevaluetobemodifiedLOmultipletimes(betweenwhattheANSI/ISOCstandardcallsGO> "sequencepoints")produce undefinedandimplementation-Ospecificresults.  WQOWithinC,the followingarethe "sequencepoints":*the";"atSOtheendofaC statment,the'|| ,&&,?:,andcommaopera-UO5tors,andacalltoa function.(Note specificallythat=isNOTJOasequencepoint,andthatthe individual argumentscon-OOtainedwithinafunctionargumentlistcanbe processedfromNO>righttoleft,fromlefttoright,oratanyrandomwhim.vGOHPCforOpenVMSVAX (formerlyDECC)andVAXCdo/Odifferintherelated processing. ^MOSoyouarelookingforOpenVMS-specific definitions(includeOfiles)?;O UCBDEF.H,PCBDEF.HandotherOpenVMS-specificDOdefinitions-theseare consideredpartofOpenVMSandNO5notpartoftheCcompilerkit-are availableonallrecent#OOpenVMSAlpha releases. @OTo referencethe version-dependent symbol libraryKOsys$share:sys$lib_c.tlb,useacommandsimilartothefol-#O5lowingfor compilation:2O$&CC&!sourcea+SYS$LIBRARY:SYS$LIB_C/LIBYBOYoucanalsodefineDECC$TEXT_LIBRARYto referenceOthelibrary. JOYouwillwanttoreviewthe ProgrammingConceptsmanual,COand specificallytakeaquicklookatChapter21.) DOAndsomegeneral background:,theSTARLET definitionsMO(andthusthesys$starlet_c.tlblibrary)containthesymbolsIO5andthe definitionsthatare independentoftheOpenVMSGOversion./TheLIB definitions(andthus sys$lib_c)con-LOtainsymbolsand definitionsthatcanbe dependentontheMO>OpenVMSversion.(Youwon'tneedtorebuildyourcodeafterJOanOpenVMSupgradeifyouhaveincluded definitionsfromLOSTARLET.Thesamecannotbesaidforsomeofthedefini-NOHtionsinLIB-youmightneedtorebuildyourcode.'(TheUCBMO structurecanandhaschangedfromreleasetorelease,forO instance.)LORecentversionsofC automaticallysearchsys$starlet_c.tlb.COExplicit specificationof sys$lib_c.tlbis required.cMOAlsoseetheAskTheWizardwebsitetopics(2486),(3803),Oand(1661): ` `mDm$http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/wizard/ (retired;useITRCforums) rBOFor additional informationontheOpenVMSAskTheLOWizard(ATW)areaandforapointertothe availableATW+O5 Wizard.ziparchive,pleasesee5Section3.8.B5ATWhasbeensu-MOperceded(fornew questions)bytheITRC discussionforums;8Othearearemains availablefor reference.*|?&W OSeeSection9.5;yfor informationontheCoff_t limitations,GOresolvedinOpenVMSV7.3-1andlaterandinECOkitsNO5 availableforspecificOpenVMS releases.)Theuseofalong-TOwordforoff_t restricts applicationsusingnativeCI/OtofileROsizesoftwo gigabytesorless,orthese applicationsmustuseAO>nativeRMSorXQPcallsforspecific operations.*F~?c)JO11.1CHowdoIletsomeoneelsedisplay somethingonmy'( workstation?KOOna workstation,youwillwanttousethe ``Customize''NOmenuofthesessionmanagerutilityandselect ``Security''.NO^Whenthepop-upboxappears,youcanselectthehostnode,JO username,andtranportthatwillallowyoutolaunchan@O applicationthattargetsthe workstationdisplay.yQOIfthisdoesnotprovideyouwithaccesstothedisplay,You(Oneeda checklistofsorts:! A `mJmMakesurethatyou've specifiedthe X-windows ``display''G correctlyontheremotehost.*ForaDECnet transport,Lthe specificationusestwocolons,whiletheTCP/IPtrans-Kwport typicallyusesone.'TheXWindowsserverandtheXKWindowsscreenfollowthehostspecification, delimitedby#(aperiod.'Forexample:! `IIfyouhaveverifiedthecommandiscorrectandthingsMarestillnotworking,ensuretheSecuritysettingsontheFTOpenVMShostsidewillallowtheincoming connection:HPulldownthe ``Options''menuintheSessionManager,Pandselect``Security...''.)IfyoudonotfindyourhostandB^usernameand transportlistedamongthe authorized6users,youwillneedtoaddanentry.Q   '  @YTherearevarious transports available, including?YLOCAL,DECNET,LAT,andTCPIP.YoumustSelectEYMthe transport appropriatetotheincoming connection. 1YIfthe transportis ``DECnet'',do NOTaddthedouble+Y%colon(::)&tothenodename. :YIfthe transportis ``TCPIP'', ``Username''cmustYbeanasterisk( *,).+Why?,BecauseunlikeDECnet,@YUtheTCP/IPprotocoldoesnotprovidetheremote?Yusername informationintheincoming connection. -MY-Ifthe connectionis ``TCPIP'',itisbesttouseafull;Ydomainname(e.g.+Node.Subd.Domain).,However,LYyoumayhavetousetheIPaddressitself,ifyourhostGY7doesnothaveawaytoresolvetheaddressviaDNS.JYIfyouhavetheluxuryoffixed addresses(eg:'youare YnotAusingDHCP),thenitcanbehelpfultoaddtwoFY@entriesforeachTCP/IPhost,onethat specifiestheDYhostnameandonethat specifiesthehostaddress. >YTherearevariousTCP/IPpackagesforOpenVMS,FYqandyoumustusesyntax appropriatetothe transportY installed. IBYIIfaTCP/IP connectionisstillnotworking,en-EYsurethatthe transportyouwanthasbeen activated*Yforusewith DECwindows.,SeeHowcanIenable,YR the DECwindowsTCP/IP TransportR fordetailsof0Y  configuringTCP/IPasa transport. `* C* Thereisalogfilecreatedin SYS$MANAGER:whichJ cantellyouwhich transportsareloaded,andalsotellB youwhatconnectattemptswere rejected, includingG4 showingwhatthe presented credentialswere.*Thisfile2 is$SYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_0_ERROR.LOG,E althoughthe0couldbeanothernumberifyouhaveN> multipleserversonthe workstation.'IhavefoundthisfileM tobeveryusefulfortrackingdownwhatneedstobeput7 intheSessionManagerSecurityentries.n@DQQttb Yb Y* #IO11.2CHowdoIcreateadisplayonanother workstation?KOUTocreateadisplayfromanOpenVMShosttoaremoteXIOWindowsdisplay,useoneofthe followingDCL commands:OO2$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=net_transport&/NODE=remote_nodeEOz$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=LAT%/NODE=remote_nodeHO$&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=DECnet%/NODE=remote_nodeGO $&SET%DISPLAY&/CREATE%/TRANSPORT=TCPIP%/NODE=remote_node! nNONotethatLATis typicallyusedonlyfortheVXTseriesXNOWindows terminals,butitcanalsobeusedfromOpenVMStoIO5OpenVMSsystemsonvariousOpenVMS releases,suchasonJOOpenVMSAlphaV6.1andlater.*Fordetailson configuring&OtheTCP/IP transport,seeSection11.14.*?@! NLOIfyouare interestedinXWindows terminalsandhaveanLOolder VAXstationsystemaround,pleaseseetheEWSpackageO5onFreewareV5.0.ST*:O11.5CWhyis DECwindowsMotifnot starting?SOUFirstchecktoseeifthereisagraphicsdevice,usuallyaG a*IOdevice.*(eg:*OnaDEC2000model300,usethecommandIOSHOWDEVICEGQ)Ifyoudonotfindagraphicsdevice:  `mGmOpenVMShasfailedtofindthe appropriateIRQinfor-DmationforanEISAgraphicscard(ontheDEC2000Gseries)suchastheHP(Compaq)QVision,anddidnotGw autoconfigureit.'RunthecorrectECU(forTru64UNIXDandOpenVMS)andreboot.,Thisis necessaryonlyon( EISA-basedsystems. `FYouhavean EISA-basedsystem(suchastheDEC2000Cmodel300)anddonothaveaHP(Compaq)QVisionHYvideocard.'ThisEISAgraphicscardshouldhaveCompaqJprintedonit,and identifiesitselfasaCPQ3011oraN CPQ3111.(IfitisnotoneofthesetwoEISAdevices,thenHbOpenVMSdoesnotsupportit.)(Therearenoothersup-HportedEISAgraphics controllers,andEISAgraphicsareDnormallyusedwith DECwindowsonlyontheDEC2000lseries systems.) `AYouhavea PCI-basedsystem, anddonothaveaAD supportedgraphicscontroller-examplesof supported/ controllersincludethe following: hYhRadeon7500 -Y PowerStorm3D30, PowerStorm4D20 fYf3DLabsOxygenVX16   WSeedWSection5.168#Wforfurther informationonsomeofthese graphics controllers. `/I/Youhavebootedthesystem minimally,orhave otherwise<disabledthedeviceautoconfigurationprocess.*d?~vLOIfthereisaG F*$graphicsdevicepresent:Q0 r' `mGmTheremayhavebeenasevereerrorinthe DECwindowsEstartup.'TypethecontentsofSYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_B 0_ERROR.LOGforany informationonerrorsstartingwtheserver. `AThesystem parameter WINDOW_SYSTEMisnotsettoEO1.)WhilethiswasacommonwayforsystemmanagersKtodisablethe DECwindowsserverstartup,itisnotpar-J ticularlyreliableas DECwindowscannow ``correct''thisYsetting.! TpCWIfyoureallydonotwantanOpenVMSsystemwithC workstationhardwareto bootstrapand configureit-Hselfasa workstation,addthe following definitiontoaSYLOGICALS.COM:>$&DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXEC%DECW$IGNORE_WORKSTATION%TRUE `eCeYoumaynothaveavalid DECwindowsMotiflicenseKloaded.'TocheckforthetwomostcommontypesofMotifIproduct authorizationkeys(PAKs),usethe followingDCLo commands:)$&LICENSE%LIST% DW-MOTIF/FULL-;$&LICENSE%LIST%NET-APP-SUP*/FULLFWandexaminethe information displayed.(MakesurethatEoneoftheselicensesispresent,validandactive.L cGWFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductH authorizationkeys(PAKs)whenyoucannotlogintothe(system directly,pleaseseeSection5.6.2. `9CheckthattheDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMOiscorrectforthegraphics controllerinuse.'For instance:*?2 AWThe followingisfromthe9FXVision330Owners>Guide, EK-V330G-OGpg2-9..Placethe following2inDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM,cre-?aatibng.COMfrom .TEMPLATEif necessary.,Locate6theDECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COMfilein<SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR]orinSYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]Jkas appropriate;theformerfileisusedforthissystemMwithinaclusterconfiguration,andthelatterisusedforUallsystemsthatdonotalsohavealocalcopyofthisfilein tSYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR].-$&DECW$XSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&xvalue-A$&DECW$YSIZE_IN_PIXELS&==&yvalue@$& DEFINE/SYSTEM%DECW$SERVER_REFRESH_RATE& rate_in_Hz !WAlsoseeWSection11.11.,WDetailsofthe PowerStorm3D30Iand4D20settingsare availableintheOpenVMSAskTheWizardarea.*?1 DO11.6CHowdoIsetthetitleonaDECtermwindow?AOUIfyouarecreatinganewDECtermwindow,check8O$&HELP%CREATE& /TERMINAL%/WINDOW_ATTRIBUTESf <TOIfyouwanttochangethetitleofanexistingwindow,usethe/O followingcontrol sequences,where > >T Iesc T >istheANSIescapeSO5code,valuedecimal27,and``textlabel''iswhatyouwanttoOdisplay: NLOTosettheDECtermtitle,sendtheescape character,thenTOthe characters ``]21;'',thenthetextlabelstring,andthenanCO5escape characterfollowedbya backslash character. NNOTosettheiconlabel,sendtheescape character,thentheOO characters ``]2L;'',thentheiconlabelstring,andthenanCO5escape characterfollowedbya backslash character. RNOTosetboththeDECtermtitleandicontothefulldevice>Oname,youcanusethe followingDCL commands:Oa$Kesc[0,7]%=&27QO$K fulldevnam&=%5F$Edit(F$GetDVI("TT","FULLDEVNAM"),"UPCASE,COLLAPSE")KO$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]21;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\"KO9$Kwrite% sys$output&esc+%"]2L;"&+% fulldevnam%+&esc%+&"\"  lROYoucanalsochangethetitleandtheiconusingtheOptions-O Window...'menu.y OOAlsosee}Section12.1 <andSection8.13.* }F?b* F? E, AO11.10CWhydoeshalfmy DECwindowsdisplayblank?POUThisislikelyaresultof receivinganOPCOMorothercon-POsolemessageonasystemthatsharesthesystemconsolewith:Othe DECwindowsgraphics workstationdisplay.!- NEOYoucantoggleofftheconsoledisplaywindowusing C@ ETCTRL/F2 ET @8OandyoucanenableaserialconsoleperSection14.3.6 orO5Section 14.3.3.3.*-?*-O?.| W|GOAlsoseetheconsolemessagewindow applicationavail-=Oablewithrecent DECwindowsversions-DECwindowsFO5versionsV1.2-3andlaterwillenablethiswindowbyEOdefault.1Fordetailsonthisconsolemessagewindow,6Osee the DECW$CONSOLE_SELECTIONoption in7O>-SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE./QOOnolder releases,youcandisableoutputusingthe following:7O$&SET%TERMINAL/PERMANENT/NOBROADCAST%OPA0:,OP$& DEFINE/USER& SYS$COMMAND&OPA0:O$& REPLY/DISABLE0wOAlso seeSection 14.3.3.2,Section14.17,andAlso seeOSection8.4,*0F!?*0F?j*0O|?xFEO13.1CWherecanIfindfreeware/shareware/softwarefor'(OpenVMS? `?Detailsonmany commercialOpenVMSproductsare3- availableinthecataloglocatedat:  h+Yh!http://www.hp.com/go/dspp_catalog `ETheOpenVMSFreewareisis distributedwithOpenVMS,O@andisalso availablefordownloadatvarioussites,includ-ingthe following: h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ !Yftp://ftp.montagar.com/ f)Yfftp://mvb.saic.com/freewarev40/ !MWandatvariousothersites.'Thewebsitealsoincludesvar-Diousupdatesandnewpackagesthatbecome available:aftertheCD-ROM distributionsarecreated.p pFFW SubmissionstotheOpenVMSFreewarecanbemadevia:e; h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/qG@WToacquiretheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROM distribu-Etion,youcanorderanOpenVMS distributionfromHPC(theFreewareis included)(seetheOpenVMSSPDforIapart numbers),oryoucan specificallyorderaFreeware6 distributionfromHPunderpartnumber:J  hYh QA-6KZAA-H8! DWTheFreewareCD-ROMsetcontainsalarge assortmentSof freeware,andisagoodstartingpointiflookingforutil-Lities.)ManyofthepackageslistedbelowarealsoontheDaFreewareCD.Someofthemost oft-requestedOpenVMSEtoolsontheFreewareCDincludeZIPandUNZIPandGZIP(pleaseseeDSection13.11,BMMK(make),PINE,5kPERL,TAR,UUENCODEand UUDECODE.Many:othertoolsare availableonthe Freeware. `B8BTheUUENCODEandUUDECODEtoolsandvar-Hiousothertoolsarealso availableaspartofTCP/IP@Servicespackage.+(UsetheDCLcommand procedure/L%SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COMK availableonV5.0andlatertosetupthe necessaryDCLHforeigncommandsymbolsusedfortheseandforvarious8VothertoolsprovidedbyTCP/IP Services.) `=OpenVMSsoftware (formerlyatWesternKentuckyG. University(WKU)isnow availableviaMadgoatandvia&ProcessSoftware archives:*D?o h3Yh)http://www.process.com/openvms/index.html !Yhttp://www.madgoat.com/ `fDfTheFILESERVpackagesarealso availableviaanony-mousFTPfrom: } h-Yh#ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/ 7Yftp.process.com,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. fFYfftp.vms.stacken.kth.se,under[.MIRRORS.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. 9Yftp.ctrl-c.liu.se,under[.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. eYeftp.riken.go.jp =Yftp.vsm.com.au,underkitsandkits/decwindows. d;Ydftp.vsm.com.au,viatheWWWinsteadofFTP. R@WThepackagesarealso availableviae-mailfrom:FILESERV@PROCESS.COM.SendthecommandsHELPMandDIRALLinthebodyofamailmessagetothisemailIaaddressforfurther informationon retrievingthefiles. `GArneVajhjoperatesanOpenVMSwebsite,withsoftware$9andother pointers,at:  h&Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `AJouk maintainsasummaryofvarious public-domainJ@and open-sourcesoftwareports,and specificallyportsof/packagesforuseonOpenVMS,at: h/Yh%http://nchrem.tnw.tudelft.nl/openvms/ `BTheKermitfiletransferpackageis availableat: h)Yhhttp://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ $Yftp://kermit.columbia.edu/ `f$fZMODEMis availableat:^4 h)Yhftp://ftp.cs.pdx.edu/pub/zmodem[\LWSeetheFILESfileinthat directoryforfurtherdetails.DNotethatthisfreewareversionofZMODEMwillin-F teroperateonlywithZMODEMsoftwarethatislicensedFafromOmen Technology.*(Thispackageisalso available9onvariousoftheFreewaredistributions.) `9C9AgoodsourceofsoftwareforOpenVMSsystemsandGforvariousother platformsisthe Encompass (formerlyGknownasDECUS)library.(Onlinecatalogsare available+BaswellassomesoftwareviaW hYhftp://ftp.decus.org $Ygopher://gopher.decus.org/ fYfhttp://www.decus.org/ `ADECUSSIGTape collectionsare availableonMark> Berryman'ssystem, hYhftp://mvb.saic.com/ `7DavidJones'sDECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER>@ World-WideWebserverforOpenVMS,oftenknown"astheOSU webserver:x@ bN hAYh7http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html `@E@SecureShell(SSH)supportforOpenVMSis available.HUseofSSHV2withcurrentupdatesis recommended,asKthesecurityofolderSSHreleaseshavebeen compromised.IServerforOpenVMS:j@ h5YhSecureShell(SSH)ServerforOpenVMS:o E ih:h0http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/~JONESD/ssh/DOC/ep;;YWSecureShell(SSH)FISHClientforOpenVMS:Z0 ih%hhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/! !FYWSSHV2supportisincludedwithTCP/IPServicesV5.4HYandlater,andsupportislikelyalso availablewithin-Y available third-partyIPstacks. +HYWFor informationontheSSHkeyfileconfiguration,seeEYtopic151.22and followingintheVMSnotesconfer-AYenceontheDeathrowCluster(deathrow.vistech.net?Yaandopenvms-rocks.com).,Youcantelnetintothe=Yhost,andan announced anonymousloginis/was6Y available;usernameDEMO,passwordUSER.ep;;W InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)forOpenVMS:]3 h(Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/openssl/Z0 h%Yhhttp://www.free.lp.se/fish/\CW InformationonOpenSSL(SSLeay)andOSUWebserverinteroperation:g= h2Yh(http://www.ourservers.net/openvms_ports/CWOpenSSLisincludedwithOpenVMSV7.3-1andlater. `; DECwindowsMotifV1.2-3includesNCSAMosaicE/2.4builtforTCP/IPServices(UCX).V1.2-4includes@SpyglassEnhancedMosaic,whichsupportsmanyofCtheNetscape enhancements.+VersionsoftheNetscapeB9 Navigatorand particularlytheMozillaWebBrowserBarealso availableforOpenVMS.TheCompaqSecureFWebBrowser(CSWB)kitisapackagedversionofthe-B Mozilla.orgMozillaWebBrowser. `FAportoftheNCSAMosaicwebbrowserthatsupports@TCP/IP Services,MultinetandSOCKETSHR/NETLIBiss availablefrom:]3 h(Yhftp://wvnvms.wvnet.edu/mosaic/KWVersionsoftheMosaicwebbrowserarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/A/Lynx(acharacter-cellWorld-Wide-Webwebbrowser)is availablefrom_5 h*Yh ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx JWVersionsofLynx,acharacter-cellwebbrowser,arealso0 availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `/D/TheNetscape NavigatorandMozillawebbrowsersare availableat:  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html !Yhttp://www.mozilla.org/ `fAfPGP(Phil Zimmerman's``PrettyGood Privacy'')isJ availablefromvarious distributionsites, includingthoseClistedinthePGPFAQ. InformationonPGPandonEpOpenVMS downloadsofPGPis available.'RelevantURLsinclude: hYhhttp://www.ipgpp.org/ -Y#http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html fYfhttp://www.pgpi.com/ 1Y'http://www.yrl.co.uk/~phil/pds/pds.htmlo hYhhttp://www.nai.com/ `<GNUPrivacyGuard(GPG,GnuPG)is available. !DWSearchthe comp.os.vms newsgrouparchivesforinfor-Fmation regardingGnuPG;thesourcecode,binariesforKvarious platforms,and documentationareall availableat:T* hYhhttp://www.gnupg.org/^AWTheOpenVMSsourcecodeandOpenVMSAlphaimagescanbefoundat: h:Yh0http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/openvms/ 4Y*ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/mathog/RZDWAsofthiswriting,theportonlyrunsonOpenVMSHAlpha,butan investigationofanOpenVMSVAXportis+ reportedlyunderconsideration. `CAnarchiveoftheCENA DECwindows,XWindows,andEVMSsoftwarepackagescanbefoundatthe following9sites:C~ h"Yhhttp://decwarch.free.fr/ (Yftp://ftp2.cnam.fr/decwindows/ f-Yf#ftp://ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se/decwindows/ :Y0ftp://ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se/mirrors/decwindows/ e1Ye'http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/~TBWOtherFTPmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveinclude:Z h#Yh axp.psl.ku.dk (Multinet) !Y ftp2.cnam.fr (MadGoat)!IW ftp.x.org(in /contrib/vms)is effectivelynotamirror,DbutitdoeshavevariousOpenVMSpackagesfromthe DECwindowsarchive.! jNWAlistofthehttpmirrorsitesforthe DECwindowsarchiveis availableat:x N hCYh9http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/wwwar/cena/decwindows/cena.html!EWVariousofthesepackagesarealso availableonthe Freeware. `/C/ ImageMagickisanX11packagefordisplayandin-F teractive manipulationofimages.)ThepackageincludesItoolsforimage conversion, annotation, compositing,ani-C9mation,andcreating montages.) ImageMagickcanreadIandwritemanyofthemorepopularimageformats(e.g.6JPEG,TIFF,PNM,XPM,PhotoCD,etc.).Z0 h%Yhhttp://www.imagemagick.org/AWVersionsof ImageMagickarealsoincludedonthe Freeware. `/K/XVisaimageviewingandeditingtoolandis availablefrom: m h(Yhftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv !Yhttp://www.sanface.com/ f3Yf)ftp://www-pi.physics.uiowa.edu/~dyson/xv/ `CManysoftwarepackagesare availablefor displayingJ>variousbitmapfiles(.JPG,.GIF,.BMP,etc)onOpenVMS.C Xloadimage,Xli,Xv, ImageMagickarethemostcom-CmontoolsusedunderOpenVMS.VariouswebbrowsersMHsuchasMozilla(qv)canalsodisplayvariousfileformatsGonOpenVMS.Youcanfindsomeofthesetoolsatthe DECwindowsArchive:K[ 1! h;Yh1http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/index.html pWAlsosee:Y h,Yh"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gnu/ `BXPDF,a DECwindowsviewerforPDF(AdobeAcrobat)&@files,is availablefrom:[1 h&Yhhttp://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/ hLWSoftwareand installationkitsforXPDFarealso availableonthe Freeware. zCWBeware:'theXPDFtoolincludedonOpenVMSFreewareKV4.0isdated,andhasbeenfoundtohavevariousbugs.DUsetheFreewareV5.0versionoftheXPDFkit,ora(better)later. JWA Java-basedPDFvieweris availablefromAdobe,andisCknowntooperateonrecentOpenVMSAlpha releases:Y hYhhttp://www.adobe.com/ `=VariousOpenVMS-related tools-bothfreewareand?@shareware-suchas txt2pdf-are availablefromat:Y h!Yhhttp://www.sanface.com/ `GTheMPEGlibraryversion1.1is availableforOpenVMS@VAXandAlphaat h;Yh1ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.readme 8Y.ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.zip RfIWVariousMPEGplayersandrelatedtoolsare availableonthe Freeware. `/G/AnArchiecloneis availableatINFO.CS.PUB.RO.TelnetItothatmachine,andloginasVMSARCI.ItcontainsnowNlistingsforover30ftpserverswithover14 gigabytesof9OpenVMS software.\! 2CWThemostusefulcommandsareLIST,which generatesIalistofscannedftpservers,andFINDstring,whichsPlooksforafile containing"string"inthename;thesearchMamodesareonly "substring" [default]and"exact",andregexHsearchisnot supported(soFINDEMACSwillwork,butFIND *EMACS *RorFIND *EMACS * . **lwillnot).,The'ksearchiscase-insensitive.O! %JWThe maintainerofthesite(stfp@roipb.cs.ipb.ro)requestsEthatanyonesubmit notificationsofFTPserverswithCOpenvMSsoftwarethatarenotlistedonthesite. `HTheLevitte (extended:-)Family(andOpenVMS)website:!  h!Yhhttp://www.levitte.org/ &Yhttp://www.levitte.org/~ava/ `fFfRobertAlanByer'sOpenVMSHobbyistSystems, includingAOpenVMSpublicdomainsoftwareandvariousports:` h$Yhhttp://www.ourservers.net/ `&CalTechSoftware Archives:Y h>Yh4http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/software/openvms/aaa_Y contents.txt `@6@DJESystemsWebsite(DavidJ. Dachtera)Z h-Yh#http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/ `WebServers:Y>WApacheWebserver(HPSecureWebServer(SWS,formerlyCSWS)): Y hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html =Y3http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/~jonesd/apache/1_Y@3_9/qpGGWTheSOAPToolkitis availableattheOpenVMSwebsite.DpWOSUWebserver  hCYh9http://www.er6.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html 'Yhttp://www.kjsl.com/archives/ f7Yfemaillist:'VMS-WEB-daemon-Request@KJSL.COMEpWWASDWebserver[1 h&Yhhttp://wasd.vsm.com.au/wasd/Jp  WPurveyorWebserver: hJYhemaillist:(listserv@cjis.ci.lincoln.ne.us,nosubject,one-Ylinemessage:' SUBSCRIBEPURVEYOR[p11WFastCGIsoftwareis availablefrom: h+Yh!http://www.DigitalSynergyInc.com/ `FCD-R(CD-Recordable)mediatoolsare available,please @seeX@Section9.7. `.Grace(WYSIWYG2Dplottingtool)*X|?E1 h2Yh(http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ `DThePOV-Ray ("PersistanceofVision" Raytracer)ray-E@tracinggraphicspackageis availableontheOpenVMS Freeware. `, Majordomomailinglisthandler:  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@C@PINE(OpenVMStoolsforsendingand receivingMIMEmail): h0Yh&ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ 9Y/http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ppFFWAMIMEtoolis availableinOpenVMSV7.2andlater.ZGWAlsoseethemmencodebase64encodeanddecodeavail-ableat: h7Yh-http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/htbin/software_Ylist.cgi `@=@ Menufinder (menu-drivensystem managementenvi- ronment):  h.Yh$http://www.itre.com/mf/download.html `@ SYSLOGCLIENT(aclientfor processingSYSLOGre-G@quests)hasbeenprovidedfordownloadbyMarkHemker at:o h4Yh*http://home.insightbb.com/~hemker/vms.html `%tcgmsg,pvm,mpi,linda:+  h=Yh3ftp://v36.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/tcgmsg_vms/tcgmsg_Yvms.zip `@>@OpenVMSsoftwarethatcancontrola Tripp-LiteEUninterruptablePowerSupply(UPS)is availablefrom:{ Q hFYhhttp://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/foreignmail.zip 9Y/http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/nbl/nbl.zip `fEfFortoolstomanageortosearchyourOpenVMSMAILfile,see:y` bO hGYh=http://vms.process.com/scripts/fileserv/fileserv.com?MLSEARCH `@E@AscToHTMattemptstoconvertanyplaintextfiletoIHTML,whileAscToTab restrictsitselftofilesthatareGplaintexttables./ (VersionsarealsoavailabeontheIOpenVMS Freeware).s! 1I h4Yh*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctohtm/index.html 4Y*http://www.jafsoft.com/asctotab/index.html `fGf InformationontheSAMBApackage,apackagethatpro-Dvides SMB-based MicrosoftWindowsPCdiskandprint5servicesforOpenVMS,is availableat: h@Yh6http://ifn03.ifn.ing.tu-bs.de/ifn/sonst/samba-vms.html Yhttp://www.samba.org/ f0Yf&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ ! IWTo subscribetothe SAMBA-VMSmailingliste-maillist-Fproc@samba.orgwithnosubjectlineandthe following!singlelineoftext:0 subscribe% samba-vms&Your%Full%Name>pWAlsosee: h!Yhhttp://lists.samba.org/ `@ThePerllanguageis availableforOpenVMS,see@Section13.9@fordetails. `+XMLis availableforOpenVMS.*?YspIIWSourcecodeofanXMLParseris availablefromOracle.>pWAlsosee:b8 h-Yh#http://www.python.org/sigs/xml-sig/! HEWAnXMLparseris availableaspartofOpenVMSV7.3andlater. `/K/Pythonkit,and resource,and documentationsitesinclude:  h6Yh,http://www.pi-net.dyndns.org/anonymous/kits/ &Yhttp://vmspython.dyndns.org/ f Yfhttp://www.python.org/ `7GTK+(TheGIMPGUITookit)forOpenVMS:?  hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html `@G@TheOpenVMSPortingLibrarynow available,andisin-LtendedtopermiteasierportingofCandC++ applications+fromUNIXsystemstoOpenVMS:v L hAYh7http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html}S#WGTKisalso available. `%Mlucas (specializedFFT): h2Yh(ftp://hogranch.com/pub/mayer/README.html `KToolstomonitorthe terminalsandtheactivityofotherD@OpenVMSusers(inadditiontoexistingauditingca-C pabilitiesinOpenVMS)are available.-PeekandSpyD (Networking Dynamics)andContrl(Raxco)aretwoofFIthe commercial packages,whilethefreeware Supervisor3packageis availableonOpenVMSVAX. h,Yh"http://www.networkingdynamics.com/ Yhttp://www.raxco.com/ `ffPythonforOpenVMS:U+ h Yhhttp://www.python.org/a,WAlsoseetheOpenVMS Freeware. `*VariouspackagesforOpenVMS:  h>Yh4http://richj.home.mindspring.com/richware/index.html :Y0http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/links/cool_vax_Y@vms.html `?TSM (TerminalServerManager)is availablevia:  hNYhLookatFreewareV5.0at&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ @YBeware:)TheTSMsavesetshippedontheFreewareDY@V5.0diskmediaisknowntobe corrupted.)DownloadCYanewcopyofthesavesetfromtheFreewareV5.0>YFTPserverorfromtheFreewareV5.0website. `ppTCLforOpenVMS:B 1 h6Yh,ftp://sapodilla.rsmas.miami.edu/pub/VMS-tcl/ `Jmake,gmake,mmkandotherbuildtoolsare availableon@the Freeware. `GAnOpenVMSportoftheht://Digwebsearchengineis availableat:u h'Yhftp://ftp.pdv-systeme.de/vms/ `8AmySQLdatabaseclientis availableat: h3Yh)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-,Y"3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.zip @3Y@)http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-/Y%3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.readme !FWFor additional informationrelatedtothemySQLport,Cpleasesearchthe comp.os.vms newsgroup archives.+AGMySQLportisalso availableontheOpenVMS Freeware.  h0Yh&http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware/ `LIfyouneedtochangethefile modificationdateandareO@lookingforautilitysuchastheUNIXtouchtool,lookatCDFUontheOpenVMSFreeware(DFUSETor simular),9oruseanexistingDCLcommandssuchas:Bv$&SET%&FILE/PROTECT=(current_protection_mask)%[...]*.* `DAtablelisting translationsbetweenUNIXshellandBMOpenVMSDCLcommandswaspostedto comp.os.vmsbyF ChristopherSmithsometimeago.*Thispageshouldbe< availablefromthegoogle newsgroup archives.pKWFor informationonandthestatusofthe OpenOfficeport%forOpenVMS,pleasesee: h'Yhhttp://www.oooovms.dyndns.org `ETheUNIXtouchtoolis availableviavariousmeans:,l$&RENAME%filename.ext;version%*t J h?Yh5http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/TOUCH#{<WMadGoatFILEtool(seetheMadGoat archives) `1use/REVISION_DATEor/CREATION_DATE `V7VTheDFUtool(seetheOpenVMS Freeware) `Thepair:?OZ$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)HO$&set%file&'p1'%!/acl=(ident=[system],access=none)&/delete '$&SET%FILE/VERSION=0 `&The followingtouchhack:-O+$!pCommand% procedure& SETDATE.COM Os$!>O$!pChanges%the&DATES&for%an%input%file&to&a#O$!pfile%named%OUTFILE. OK$!&O $assign/nolog&'p1'%outfile0O$convert/fdl=sys$input&'p1'%outfile:O#dateOjcreationp 01-apr-2010!O expiration& 01-Apr-2012Orevisionp 01-Apr-2011OBbackup O... ` 9 The followingRMSsystemservice sequence: h:Yh sys$open( ),withtheXABRDTXAB structureYchained. @>Y@setthedesiredvalueswithintheXABRDTXAB. Y sys$close( )p FFOVariousOpenVMStoolsand utilitiesare availableat:e ; `m0m&http://wwwvms.mppmu.mpg.de/vmssig/src/ pHOOpenVMSportsofthexmcdandMPlayertoolshavealso(Obeenreportedas available.kYHO13.10C Obtainingthe DECmigrate(AESTorVEST,andTIE)R( translator?FOThe DECmigrateimage translationfamilyprovidestoolsFOthat translateOpenVMSVAXimagesforuseonOpenVMSDO^Alpha,andOpenVMSAlphaimagesforuseonOpenVMS,OI64,Detailsare availableat:zl& P `mEm;http://h71000.www7.hp.com/openvms/products/omsva/omsva.htmlm ahDOVESTisthename sometimesgiventothe DECmigrateNO translationtoolforVAXimages,AESTisthenamegiventoKO5theAlpha translationtools,andTIEnamesthe DECmigrateIOrun-time environmentwithinOpenVMS.(Ifyou'veeverno-JOticedimageswith filenamesendingwith_TVandwonderedQO>whatthismeant,theseimagesarepartofTIE.)Andyes,youJOcanuseAESTto re-translateimagesthatwere translatedMOusingVEST;youcanperformasecond translationofaVAXOHimage.$nNOPleaseseeSection13.121forrelated information.*PleaseseeOOthewebsiteforthemostcurrentdetailson availabilityandMO5plansandstatusof translationsforOpenVMSI64 platforms.*nF?v |{<RAO14.1CWhataretheOpenVMS differencesamongVAX,'(Alpha,andIA-64?KOIntermsof software,veryfew.+AsofOpenVMSV6.1,the@OOpenVMSVAXandOpenVMSAlpha platformsachievedHO^ ``feature parity''.. Subsequentworkhasseen significant>O enhancementsandnewfeaturesaddedonOpenVMSHOAlpha.,OpenVMSI64startedwith ``featureparity''withFOhOpenVMSAlphaattheV8.2release,andOpenVMSAlphaHOandOpenVMSI64arebasedonandbuiltfromthesameNOsourcepool.)(Theredoexist low-levelplatform-specificdif-KOr ferences,andplatform-specificcodeispresentwithintheKOsharedsourcecodepool, obviously.)+Most applicationscan)O#justbe recompiledandrun.Y|//OSome differencestobeawareof:. }!   `mEmThedefaultdouble-precisionfloatingtypeonOpenVMSIAlphaisVAXG_float,whereasonVAXitisusuallyD_Ofloat.'D_floatis availableonAlpha,butD_floatvaluesareIw convertedtoG_floatfor computationsandthen convertedGbacktoD_floatwhenstored.*BecausetheG_floattypeK(hasthreefewerfractionbitsthanD_float,someapplica-Mtionsmayget differentresults.(IEEEfloattypesarealso( availableonOpenVMSAlpha. `YJYThe preferredfloatingpointformatontheAlphaandon.theIA-64 architecturesisIEEE. `0G0Data alignmentis extremely importantforbestperfor-AmanceonOpenVMSAlphaandonOpenVMSI64.)ThisHmeansthatdataitemsshouldbe allocatedat addressesC:whichareexact multiplesoftheirsizes..QuadwordE alignmentwillofferthebest performance, especiallyFfor charactervaluesandthosesmallerthan32bits.HD Compilerswill naturallyalign variableswheretheycanGandwillissuewarningsiftheydetect unaligneddataitems. `tDtHPCistheonlyCcompilerHPoffersonOpenVMSDAlphaandonOpenVMSI64,andisadirectdescen-C%dantofCompaqCandDECConOpenVMSAlpha.)HPD~Cishighly compatiblewithDECConOpenVMSVAX,JbutdoesdiffersomewhatinitssyntaxandsupportwhenE/ comparedwiththeolderVAXCcompilermostOpenVMSE VAX programmersare traditionallyfamiliarwith.(Read; uponthe /EXTERN_MODELand /STANDARDqual-H9 ifierstoavoidthemostcommon problems,andseetheB  documentationintheDECCforOpenVMSVAXmanu-J alsaround migratingfromVAXCtoDECC.(InadditionJB toHPC,therehavebeen open-sourceportssuchasGnu& C availablefor OpenVMS.) ` M ThepagesizeonAlphaandIA-64systemsis variable,butQs isatleast8 kilobytes.'Thiscanhavesomeeffectonappli-F cationswhichusethe$CRMPSCsystemserviceaswellH$ asonthedisplayof availablememorypages.*ThepageD| sizeis availablefrom$GETSYIusingthe SYI$_PAGE_ SIZE itemcode.~~ TJOTherearealsoanumberofmanualswhichdiscussmigra-MOtiontoOpenVMSAlphaandtoOpenVMSI64 availableintheEO5OpenVMSdocumentation,bothinthemain documentationMOand (dependingontheageofthemanuals involved)inthe+Oarchived documentationsection. DOAs mentionedearlier,morerecentOpenVMSAlphaandKOOpenVMSI64releaseshaveaddedfeaturesandsupportthatMO5arenot availableonOpenVMSVAX.Salient additionsincludeOthe following: Z `mHm64-bit addressinginOpenVMSAlphaV7.0andlater,andonOpenVMSI64. `EFE Multi-hostSCSIsupport(SCSITCQ)inV6.2andlater `,PCIsupport(platform-dependent) `D?DOpenVMSGalaxy(vPars)supportinOpenVMSAlphaV7.2andlater{OPleasesee3OntheIntelItaniumIA-64 platform?[forIntelOItanium terminology.*FbO}|+BO14.3CConsole Commands,SerialLines,and Controls?IOUThissectioncontains informationonVAXandAlphacon-OOsoles,anddetailsrelatedtoconsole commands,seriallines,'Oand configuration settings. EO14.3.1CWhatcommandsare availableintheAlphaSRMg(console?HOInadditiontothenormalBOOTcommandsandsuch(seeOSection14.3.5.2=forsomedetails)andthenormalcontentsofPO=theconsoleHELPtext, operationssuchasI/O redirectionandMOfloppydiskaccessarepossibleattheSRMconsoleprompt:*O?7hOOm1.JFormataFATfloppy,andinsertitintothe AlphaStationfloppydrive.HOE2.JPerformthe followingat AlphaStationSRMConsole:"D>>>%show%*&>%env.dat&D>>>%show%conf&>%conf.dat0DZ>>>%cat&env.dat%>%fat:env.dat/dva02D>>>%cat&conf.dat&>%fat:conf.dat/dva0HO!3.JYoumayusetheSRM``ls''commandtodisplaythe$zcontentsofthefloppy.#D>>>%ls%fat:env.dat/dva0$DG>>>%ls%fat:conf.dat/dva0KO4.JYoucannowtransferthe FAT-formatfloppytoanothersystem.$! using availableAlpha instructionsandusingtheAlphapro-LOcessor,thoughPALcodeoperatesinamodewhich simplifiesLO programming.'PALcodeisalso permittedaccessto processor-POHspecificand otherwiseinternalfeaturesofa particularAlphaHOmicroprocessorimplementation;microprocessor-specificfea-OOtureswhicharenoteasily accessableto operatingsystemorOR applicationcode.g V=DO14.3.3CAlphaCOMportsandVAXconsoleseriallineg( information?IOThissectioncontains informationontheAlphaCOMcom-QO municationports,andrelated settings,aswellasontheVAXIO=consolebulkheadandVAXconsoleserialline connection.~ LTUO14.3.3.1BWhichterminaldevicenameisassignedtotheCOMports?HO)COM2isnormallyTTA0:.)COM1isnormallyTTB0:)iftheKOAlpha workstationisbootedwiththeSRMconsoleenviron-ROmentvariablesetto graphics,andisOPA0:)iftheconsoleisO3settoserial.HOOntheDEC2000series (sometimes incorrectlyknownbyKOthenameofthesystemassoldfor MicrosoftWindowsNTGO5Alpha;astheDECpc150AXPseries)onolderOpenVMSFOAlpha releases,COM1throughCOM4areknownasOPA0:FOthroughOPA3:.-OnallcurrentOpenVMS releases,theseLO>portsareservicedbytheterminaldriverandnotbythe$OconsoleOPDRIVERdriver. oIOOftentheeasiestwayto determinetheOpenVMSterminalTOnameassignedtotheportistoconnecta terminal,loginin-GO5 teractively,andlookattheoutputofSHOW TERMINAL.LO(DevicenamescanvarybyOpenVMSversion,aswellasby?OtheSRMconsole environmentvariable selection.) NNOForserialconsolehardwareandrelated information,andfor;Opin-outsandrelated information,pleaseseeSection14.3 MandO5Section14.26.*?*O? SO14.3.3.2BWhichserialportistheconsoleontheMicroVAX3100?LO)Justtokeeplife interesting,theMicroVAX3100hassomeRO``interesting''consoleports behavioursbasedonthesettingofKOtheBREAKenableswitch.)WhentheconsoleisnotenabledHO3torespondtoBREAK,MMJ-1istheconsoleport.*MMJ-3POwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsoftheselftestinpar-KOallelwithMMJ-1.*WhentheconsoleisenabledtorespondEO<toBREAK,MMJ-3becomestheconsoleport,andMMJ-1UOwill (confusingly)outputtheresultsofselftestinparallelwithOMMJ-3.TO14.3.3.3BHowcanIsetupan alternateconsoleona VAXstation?GO)Most VAXstationseriessystemsandafewAlphaseriesNOsystemshaveaswitch-mostoftenlabeledS3,largelyforQO historical reasons-thatenablesoneoftheseriallinesastheOO3systemconsoledevice;asOPA0:.(ThisdisablesconsoleoutputPOtothegraphicsdisplay.*(Forarelated behaviour,pleaseseeOSection11.10.)*O?, qPOAll VAXstation3100seriessystemsprovideaS3slideswitch,KOthoughtheoldestmaybemissingthecut-outthroughtheQO5 enclosurethatprovidesaccesstotheswitch.(TheslideswitchPOislocatednearthe diagnosticLEDdisplay.)(Theslideswitch5Ois accessablewiththecover removed.)! NLOVariousmembersoftheDEC3000seriesAlphasystemsalsoSOhaveasimilarly-labledS3switchfor selectionofthe alternateO5console. }MOThe particularportthatbecomestheconsolecanvary.)TheGOprinterMMJ connectionisusedonall VAXstation3100LO5series.-On VAXstationII,theconsoleDB9isused,ratherOOthanthegraphicsdisplay.'Onmost(all?)( AlphaStationseriesNOsystems, typicallytheCOM1serialportbecomestheconsole.NOAlsoseeSection14.3.6,Section11.10, and=Section14.17.:OBewarethetwo differentDB9 pin-outs;seeSection14.27 O5forrelateddetails.*F?*F?,*=F?j*?LOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproductau-1O thorizationkeys(PAKs),pleasesee@Section5.6.2.*@?LO14.3.3.4BPleaseexplainthebackpaneloftheMicroVAXIIGO)TheMicroVAX-seriesconsolebulkhead interfacewasusedMOwiththeKA630,aswellaswiththeKA650andKA655pro-Ocessors./LOTherearethreecontrolsontheconsolebulkheadoftheseOsystems:3aTriangle-in-circle-paddle:&halt%enable.!dot-in-circle:%halt%( w yM break yM )&is&enabled,'and& auto-boot%is% disabled.%Fdot-not-in-circle:&halt%(   MC break xM \zF)%is% disabled,&and& auto-boot%is%enabled.@Three-position-rotary:%power-up% bootstrap& behaviour$Darrow:&normal% operation.)face:%language%inquiry%mode.2 t-in-circle:&infinite& self-test%loop.@=Eight-position-rotary:%console%baud&rate% selectionAselect&the%required%baud&rate;&read%at% power-up.!! NOThereareseveral different bulkheads involved, includingoneLOfortheBA23andBA123 enclosures,andonefortheS-boxIO5(BA2xx)series enclosure.,Theconsole bulkheads typicallyNOusedeithertheMMJserialline connection,ortheMicroVAXLODB9(notthePCDB9 pin-out),pleaseseethe descriptions O>oftheseinsection>Section14.26.(>For available adapters,seeOSection14.27.*?*OZ?p! FQOAlsopresentontheconsolebulkheadisa self-test indicator:MOa single-digitLEDdisplay.+ThismatchesthefinalpartofLO5the countdown displayedontheconsoleor workstation,andQOcanbeusedbyaservice organizationto determinethenatureJOofa processorproblem.)The particular countdownsequenceKO>variesby processortype,consultthehardwareorowner'sOOmanualforthe processor,orcontactthelocalhardwareser-POvice organizationfor informationthe self-testsequenceforaOOH particular processormodule.)Notethat self-tests2,1and0OOare associatedwiththetransferofcontrolfromtheconsole9Oprogramtothe (booting) operatingsystem.! DO14.3.4CWhatareAlphaconsole environment variables?PO4Alphasystemshaveavarietyof variableswithvaluessetupKOwithintheSRMsystemconsole.'These environment variablesMOcontrolthe particular behaviouroftheconsoleprogramandKO=thesystem hardware,the particularconsole interfacepre-QOsentedtothe operatingsystem,variousdefaultvaluesfortheKO operatingsystem bootstrap,andrelatedcontrol mechanisms-OOGinotherwords,``the environment variablesprovideaneasilyJO extensible mechanismformanagingcomplexconsolestate.''/NOThespecific environment variablesdifferbyplatformandbyOOfirmware version-thebaselinesetis establishedbytheAlphaO5 Architecture:GO AUTO_ACTION%("BOOT",%"HALT",& "RESTART",%any&other&valueGOassumed&to&be&HALT),J BOOT_DEV,& BOOTDEF_DEV,% BOOTED_DEV,BOI BOOT_FILE,& BOOTED_FILE,% BOOT_OSFLAGS,&BOOTED_OSFLAGS,FO BOOT_RESET&("ON",%"OFF"),& DUMP_DEV,% ENABLE_AUDIT%("ON",;O"OFF"),&LICENSE,& CHAR_SET,% LANGUAGE,%TTY_DEV. aDOOpenVMSGalaxy(vPars)firmwarecanaddconsoleen-GO vironment variables beginningwithsuchstringsasLP_ :*O5andHP_ @*@5,andeach particularconsoleimplementationcanNO(andoftendoes)havevarioussortsofplatform-specificex-LOtensionsbeyondthese variables.*These variablesallowbothNO>vPars(virtual partitions)andlParsandlPars(logicalpar-QOtition)support;vParsisagenericnameforsoft partitioningNO constructssuchasOpenVMSGalaxy,whilelParsisageneric environment variablesisrathermore involved,andnotdi-NOrectly availableto applicationsoftware operatingoutsideofO kernel-mode.>O14.3.5CWhatarethebootcontrolflagvalues?IO4 Integrity,VAXandAlphaprimary bootstrapssupportflagIOvalues;a mechanismwhichpermitsthesystemmanagertoMOperformspecificcustomizationsor site-specific debuggingofHO=theOpenVMSsystem bootstrap.+Whileverysimilar,thereMOare differencesamongthebootflagimplementationsforthe!Ovariousarchitectures.gU=AO14.3.5.1BWhataretheI64IPBbootflagvalues?FO)TheOpenVMSI64primary bootstrapflagsare processedIOwithintheIA-64primary bootstrapimageIPB.EXE;withinFOthe SYS$EFI.SYS structures.-Theprimary bootstrapbootLO3flagsarelargelyparalleltothoseofOpenVMSAlpha(seeOSection 14.3.5.2,9thoughtheconsoleandtheconsolemecha-OOnismsusedtospecifythebootcommand,thebootflags,and7O<bootcommandoptionsdodiffer markedly.*ON?=OOYoucanspecifythebootflagsviaanEFI environmentvari-MOable VMS_FLAGS,orviathebootaliasbootoptionsmech-KO5anism,orby appendingthe requestedbootflagsontothe,O specificationofVMS_LOADER.EFI.zMOTosetthe bootstrapflags environmentvariableattheEFIOshellprompt,use:'OaShell>%SET& VMS_FLAGS%"0,1" AOWhenyouregisteranEFIbootalias(pleasesee Section14.4.5QOforIntelItanium terminology),youwillbeaskedifyouwantRO5toenterbootoptions,andwhattype.*ToaddbootflagstoaPObootalias,selectUnicodeasthebootoptionstype,anden-LOteranSRM-likeoptionsstring,suchastheconversational;O> bootstrapselectedbythe followingexample:O-flages&0,1* F?KOForrelated informationonmanagingEFIbootaliasesfrom$OOpenVMSI64,pleaseseeSection14.3.10.* ?zEOWhenusingVMS_LOADER.EFItorequestbootflags,you@Owillwanttospecifythe invocationasfollows:.Oafsn:\efi\vms\vms_loader%-flags%0,1mCCOTheaboveshowsaconversational bootstraprequest.oE/OTypicalbootflagsarelistedinTable14-1.*F?( HOForaconversational bootstrapoftheOpenVMSI64rootROSYS4 associatedwiththefs2:'EFIfilesystemdevicewithfull2O< bootstrap messagingenabled,specify:2Ofs2:\efi\vms\vms_loader%-flags%4,30001xWCO14.3.5.2BWhataretheAlphaAPBbootflagvalues? O)Theflagslistedin)Table14-2*)arepassed(viaregisterR5)FOtotheOpenVMSAlphaprimary bootstrapimageAPB.EXE.POTheseflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofthe bootstrap.O_BOOT&-FL% root,flags*?SOIfyouwanttosetthebootflags``permanently'',usetheSET%O BOOT_FLAGScommand,e.g.:%Oh>>>%SET& BOOT_OSFLAGS%0,1lLBAO14.3.5.3BWhataretheVAXVMBbootflagvalues?#O)Theflags describedin)Table14-3#*)arepassed(viaregis-DOterR5)totheOpenVMSVAXprimary bootstrapimageIOVMB.EXE.Theseflagscontrolthe particular behaviourofO3the bootstrap.*?JOTheexactsyntaxisconsole-specific,recentVAXconsoles(Otendtousethe following:h>>>% BOOT/R5:flags! JO14.3.6CHowdoIbootan AlphaStationwithoutmonitororg( keyboard?POThe AlphaStationserieswillbootwithoutakeyboard attached.SOTouseaserialterminalastheconsole,issuetheSRMconsoleCO=commandSETCONSOLESERIALfollowedbytheconsoleAOINITcommand.,OncethisSRMcommandsequencehasJObeeninvokedandtheCONSOLE environmentvariableissetROGtoSERIAL,theAlphasystemwillusetheserial terminal.'(SetLOthe environmentvariabletoGRAPHICStoselecttheconsole8Odisplayoutputviathegraphics display.)| RKOTheDEC3000serieshasajumperonthe motherboardforNOthispurpose.'VariousolderAlpha workstations generallywillKO5not(automatically) bootstrapwithoutakeyboard connected,NOduetothe self-testfailurethatariseswhenthe (missing) Okeyboardtestfails. A zLOTheusualsettingsfortheconsoleserialterminal(orPCBOterminalemulatoractingasaserialconsoleare:QOa9600&baud,&8%bits,%no%parity,%one%stop%bit%(9600%baud,%8N1).rHEO AlphaServer4100and derivativeseries platforms,andFO AlphaServerGS80,GS160,andGS320seriessystemcon-DO5solesarecapableof57600baud..Seethe COM2_BAUDGOconsole environment variable,andensurethatyouhave2OcurrentSRMfirmwareversionloaded.uKBOThe AlphaStationand AlphaServerseriesuseaPC-GO compatibleDB9serial connectorfortheCOM1andCOM2SO5seriallines(andfortheOPA0:)consoleline,ifthatwascon-*OfiguredviaSRM),pleaseseeqSection14.26_fordetailsandOpin-out.*qP?GOFor informationon registeringsoftwarelicenseproduct3O authorizationkeys(PAKs),pleaseseeSection5.6.2.*?NBOFor a related behaviourof DECwindows,!pleaseseeOSection11.10.:YFor informationonthe VAXstation alternate+O5console mechanisms,pleasesee5Section 14.3.3.3.*O?,*?BO14.3.7C DownloadingandusingSRMconsole Firmware?KO4Thissection discusses downloadingandusingAlphaconsole0O firmware, sometimescalledPALcode.NO14.3.7.1BWherecanIgetupdatedconsolefirmwareforAlphasystems?KOvFirmwareupdatesforHPAlphasystemsare availablefrom:V  `mEm;ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/index.html `;1ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/Alpha/firmware/ `lFl&CLUE%CONFIGP&OAlsoseeSection 14.3.7.2.-For informationonHP IntegrityLOEFIfirmwareupgradesandforasequenceusefulingener-FO5atingCD-RorCD-RWmedia containingafirmwarediskOimage,pleaseseeSection14.3.11.*F?*P ? OO14.3.7.2BHowdoIreloadSRMfirmwareona half-flashAlphasystem?DOvSome!of the AlphaStation series!systems!are ``half-JOflash''boxes,meaningonlyonesetoffirmware(SRMorQO' AlphaBIOS)canbeloadedinflashatatime.(GettingbacktoIOtheSRMfirmwarewhen AlphaBIOS(orARC)isloadedcan'Obealittleinteresting... NROThatsaid,thisusuallyinvolves shufflingsomefiles,andthenIOgettingintothe AlphaBIOSfirmwareupdate sequence,andBO5thenentering``updatesrm''attheapu->prompt.NJOToshufflethefiles,copythetargetSRMfirmwarefileJO(as200_v7_0.exeiscurrent)toablank, initialized,FAT-?O5formatfloppyunderthefilenameA:\FWUPDATE.EXE4 DOFromthe AlphaBIOSSetupscreen,selecttheUpgradeHO AlphaBIOSoption.,OncethefirmwareupdateutilitygetsO5going,enter: Apu->&update%srm5#Answer%"y"%to%the&"Are%you& ready...?" Apu->&quit fOOYou'vereloadedtheflash.'Now power-cycletheboxtofinishOtheprocess.Y/OAlsosee}Section 14.3.7.1.*}F? eHO14.3.7.3BHowdoIswitchbetween AlphaBIOS/ARCandSRM consoles?MOvThespecificstepsrequiredvarybysystem.+YoumustfirstIOensurethatthe particularAlphasystemis supportedbyEO'OpenVMS(seetheSPD),thatallcoreI/O componentsOO (graphics,disk controllers,etc)inthesystemare supportedJObyOpenVMS(seetheSPD),andthatyouhaveanOpenVMSPO1 distribution,thatyouhavethe necessarylicensekeys(PAKs),FOandthatyouhavethe necessarySRMfirmwareloaded.EOA typical sequence used for switching over fromtheGO AlphaBIOSgraphicsconsoletotheSRMconsolefollows:[Om1.JPress -` /T kF2 /T `3(mtogettothe AlphaBIOSsetupmenu.2O2.JPickthe``CMOS Setup...'''item.Ol3.JPress ,` .T jF6 .T `<(ltogettothe ``AdvancedCMOSSetup''menu.IO4.JChangethe ``Console Selection''to ``OpenVMSConsoleD(SRM)''.O5.JPress  T F10 8T  ;, d dT pF10 T d,then  TEnter T "tosaveyourchanges.'OB6.J Power-cyclethesystem.! JOMostAlphasystemssupportloadingboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCMOconsoleandtheSRMconsoleatthesametime,butsystemsMO5suchasthe AlphaStation255are``half-flash''systemsandLOdonotsupportthepresenceofboththe AlphaBIOS/ARCandHOSRMconsolefirmwareatthesametime..IfyouhaveaLO>``half-flash''system,youmustloadtheSRMfirmwarefromJOfloppy,fromanetwork download,orfromafirmwareCD-DOROM. Followingthenormal AlphaBIOSorARCfirmwareLOHupdatesequencetotheAPUprompt,andthen explictlyse-POlectthetargetconsole.)Inotherwords,powerupthesystemMOtothe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole,usethe supplementaryop-SORtionstoselectthe installationofnewfirmware (typicallyfromFOCD-ROM),andthenratherthanusingasequencewhich*Oupdatesthecurrent firmware:Apu->%update/-or-Apu->%update&ARC_Apu->%verifyApu->%quit" Power-cycle%the&system$RNOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)BOSRMfrom AlphaBIOS/ARCona``half-flash''system:aApu->%update&SRMApu->%verifyApu->%quit"9 Power-cycle%the&system[\NOUsethe followingsequenceto specificallyupdate(andload)GOthe AlphaBIOS/ARCconsolefromSRMona``half-flash''O5system:!>>>&b%-fl&0,A0%ddcu+ BOOTFILE:&firmware_boot_file.exekApu->%update&ARCApu->%verifyApu->%quit"B Power-cycle%the&systemacIOOnceyouhavetheSRMloaded,youcandirectlyinstallDOOpenVMSorTru64UNIXonthesystem..DonotallowEO5 MicrosoftWindowsNTorother operating system(s)toMOwritea ``harmless'' signaturetoanydiskusedbyOpenVMSMOAlphaorOpenVMSVAX,asthiswillclobberakeypartofJO>thedisk;thiswill overwritetheOpenVMS bootblock.-(OnAOOpenVMSAlphaandOpenVMSVAX,youcan generallyNOrecoverfromthis so-called ``harmless''actionbyusingtheOH WRITEBOOT.EXEtool.FOUsingOpenVMSI64andtheEFIconsole,the bootblockHO structuresareexpectedtobe compatiblewiththoseofHO5 MicrosoftWindowsandother Integrity operatingsystems;EOpleaseseethe discussionoftheSET BOOTBLOCKcom-4OmandandtheSYS$SETBOOT.EXEimageinSection9.7.3, O>in>Section14.3.9,3>andintheOpenVMS documentationforOrelated details.)*?*?!! 5SOIfyouhavea``full-flash''systemandwanttoselecttheSRMGOconsolefromthe AlphaBIOSorARCconsole environment,HO5selectthe``SwitchtoOpenVMSorTru64UNIX console''KOitemfromthe``setupthesystem''submenu.*Thenpower-ROcyclethesystem.(Ifyouhavea``full-flash''systemwiththeGO>SRMconsoleandwanttoselectAlphaBIOS/ARC,usetheOcommand:>>>%set&os_type%NTR((Oand power-cyclethesystem.<9OFor informationon acquiring firmware,seeSection 14.3.7.1.FOFor informationonOpenVMSlicensePAKs(forhobbyistO5use)see5Section2.8.1.1{5For informationontheMultia,seeOSection14.4.1.*F?*?*OP? WHO InformationonenablingandusingthefailsafefirmwareQOloaderforvarious systems-thistoolis availableonlyonsomeJO5ofthevariousAlpha platforms-is availableinthehard-MOware documentationforthesystem.(Thistoolis used/neededLOwhenthefirmwarehasbeen corrupted,andcannotloadnewO> firmware. *NOThefulllistof AlphaBIOSkeysequences-these sequencesareHOneededwhenusingan LK-serieskeyboardwith AlphaBIOS,8O5as AlphaBIOSexpectsaPC-style keyboard:F1pCtrl/AF2pCtrl/BIF3pCtrl/CF4pCtrl/DF5pCtrl/E!F6pCtrl/FiF7pCtrl/PF8pCtrl/RF9pCtrl/TzAF10pCtrl/U InsertpCtrl/V DeletepCtrl/W BackspacepCtrl/H aEscapepCtrl/[ ReturnpCtrl/MLineFeedpCtrl/J.9(Plus)%+pupselect&(some&systems)1(Minus)%-p downselect%(some%systems)zTABpdown%arrow SHIFT+TABKup&arrow8 .O14.3.8CConsole ManagementOptionsPO4OptionstocollectmultipleconsolesintoasingleserverareLO available,withbothhardwareoptionsandsoftwarepackagesDOthatcanprovideadvancedfeaturesand capabilities.WEOSomeofthe availableconsole managementoptionsforOOpenVMS:Y/ `m*mHeroix:'http://www.robomon.com/ `9KI Products:' http://www.ki.com/products/clim/ `l5lGlobal Maintech:'http://www.globalmt.com/ `(TECsys:'http://www.tditx.com/ `k8kCA:)http://www.cai.com/products/commandit.htm/JOComputer AssociatesistheownerofwhatwasonceknownGOasthe VAXclusterConsoleSyste0 0m(VCS)consolemanage-OO5mentpackage,andhas integratedthis capabilityintotheCA%O managementproductsuite.a! `78O14.3.9CWhydomyEFIBootAliasesFail?LO4OpenVMSI64bootaliasescontain signature informationref-LOerencingthespecificvolume,meaningthattheentriesareSOspecifictothediskvolumeandnotthediskdevice.(ThisalsoJO=meansthatcertain operations,suchastheSET BOOTBLOCKAOcommandortheRUNSYS$SETBOOT.EXE operationthatGOcanrewritethesevolume signatures (signatureorGUIDBOGvalues)canrenderexistingbootaliases unusable.N $TOIfyourbootaliasesdonotfunctionas expected,firsttryre-MOmovingand re-addingthem;thiswill resynchronizethebootNO5aliaseswiththevolume contents.*IfyouareusingtheSET;O BOOTBLOCKcommandortheRUNSYS$SETBOOT.EXEJO operationtorewritethedisk bootblock,youcanrequestNO>thatthecurrent signatures(ifany)be preserved,andthisPOwill typicallymaintainthevalidityofyourEFIconsolebootOaliases. @O14.3.10CCanOpenVMSaccesstheEFIconsoleBoot(Aliases?HOForaccesstotheEFIconsole environmentfromOpenVMS?OI64,seetheBOOT_OPTIONS.COMcommand procedure,HO=andtheEFISET,SHOWandBCFG mechanisms.'DetailsonLOtheseareintheSystem Manager'sand particularlyinthe/OSystem Manager's Utilitiesmanual.`DOFor!related information on!boot!aliases,"please seeOSection 14.3.5.1.*O?- CO14.3.11C DownloadingandusingEFIConsole Firmware?LO4HP IntegrityEFIsystemfirmwarecanbe downloadedintheLOformofabootableimagemaster,unzippedandthenburned0OontoCDorDVDmedia(pleaseseeDSection9.7fordetailsofLO= recordingopticalmediadirectlyon OpenVMS),andthesys-MOtemcanthen generallybebootedoffthecreatedmediato/OperformtheEFIfirmwareupgrade.*D}?F! QOTheHP IntegrityServerwebsiteis accesssableviathefollow-MOingURL,andthe availableservicesandsupport informationLO5therehaslinkstothe availableplatform-specificfirmware2Oimagesandupgrade-related materials:^4 `m)mhttp://www.hp.com/go/integrity/a! 7NOTousethe following sequence,youwillneedawritableorHO rewritableCDdriveand software,andablankCD-RorHO5CD-RWdisk.+IfyouuseCDwritersoftwareforanotherLO platform,youwillwanttousetheblock,binary,ISOorJOrawmode operations appropriateforthe particularchosenJO> recordingpackage.*The following directionsassumeuseof@OOpenVMSandnativeCD-R capabilities,pleaseseewSection9.7#Ofor associateddetails.*wZz?   JOm1.JFirst,youmustacquirethe IntegrityserverfirmwareDfromtheaboveURL.Selectthe platform,andnavi-Lgatetothe supporting informationand specificallytothe0wDownloadDriversandSoftwarelinkHO2.JSelectCross operatingsystem(BIOS, Firmware,etc.)JOv3.JLocatethe appropriate ISO-formatfirmwarefile.(ThereFareseveralfirmwarefileformats availableandthereH'arealsovariousoff-line diagnosticimages,choosethe% ISO-formatfirmwarefile.KO4.JReadthe directionsforthefirmwarefile,thendown-EWloadthe ISO-formatfirmware(zip-compressed)file.)A7 binary-modeFTPtransfershouldbeused.KO/5.JUnzipthefileintothe corresponding.ISOdatafile.ESomewhat confusingly,the.ISO extensioncanindicateJeitherablock-orientedrawimageofadisk,oradiskG9withtheISO-9660volume structure.+Inthiscase,theLformerisintendedandthisfilecontainsaablockcopyGordiskimageofthefirmwarediskforthe platform,FBandmayormaynotbeanISO-9660volume structure.ETheunziptoolis availableontheOpenVMSFreeware&and elsewhere;pleasesee{Section13.11hfordetailsandL locations.KO6.JUseCDRECORDorother available recordingtool(please $ see[$ Section9.77$ forrelateddetails)toburnaCD-RorM| CD-RWdisk, specifyingtheISOfileasthesourceforthe burn operation.OOT 7.JShutthe IntegrityServersystemdowntotheEFIconsole level.GO, 8.JUnloadtherecordedCDmediafromtheCD-Rdrive,P labelit,andloaditintothe Integrityconsoledrive.)ThisD assumingthediskwasnot generateddirectlyonan96  IntegrityCD-R/RW-capabledrive,ofcourse.OO 9.JUsingtheEFIshell,displaythecurrentfirmwareversion usingthecommand info&fwR$10.JExittheEFIshellandselectthebootoptions maintenanceJjmenu;createabootaliasforthe removablemediadriveAfortheCD;forthe newly-createdfirmwaredisk.O$B11.JBootit.)Followthe directions displayedbythefirmwareEloaderandrelateddocumentation,heedingtherelease/notesthatwerereviewedearlier.E$s12.JPerformacoldrestartofthe Integrityserver.*{?o*[~?wHOFor informationonAlphaSRMconsolefirmware upgrades,OpleaseseeSection14.3.7.*? : sIO14.7CDescribeAlpha instruction emulationand instruction'(subsets??OTheAlpha architectureisupward-and downward-IO compatible,andnewer instructionsareemulatedonolderMO^ platforms,forthosecaseswherethecompileris explicitlyCO requestedtogeneratethenewerAlpha instructions.; WNOIn particular,OpenVMSAlphaV7.1andlaterincludethein-LO struction emulation capabilities necessaryforthe executionLO5ofnewerAlpha instructionsonolderAlphamicroprocessors.KO (Instruction emulation capabilitiesare availableforuser-QOmode applicationcode,andarenot availabletodevicedrivers1O>orothersimilar kernel-modecode.)< ~IOAlpha instructionsare availableingroups(or subsets).NO Obviously,thereisthebase instructionsetthatisavail-LO5ableonallAlphamicroprocessors.+Then,the followingarePOthecurrent instruction extensiongroups(orsubsets)thatareKO availableonsomeofvariousrecentAlphamicroprocessors:G=p `m&m byte/word extension(BWX):7LDBU,LDWU,SEXTB,SEXTW,STB,andSTW. `E>Efloating-pointandsquareroot extension(FIX):@FTOIS,FTOIT,ITOFF,ITOFS,ITOFT,SQRTF,SQRTG,SQRTS,andSQRTT. `v"vcount extension(CIX):#CTLZ,CTPOP,andCTTZ. `M(M multi-media extension(MVI):5MAXSB8,MAXSW4,MAXUB8,MAXUW4,MINSB8,8MINSW4,MINUB8,MINUW4,PERR,PKLB,PKWB,WUNPKBL,andUNPKBW.>IOThetypical instructionsubsetthatprovidesthebiggestFOwin-andofcourse,yourmileagemayvary-is typicallyOO5the instructionsetthatisprovidedbytheEV56andlater;OO specifically,the byte-word instructionsubset.)Toselectthis'Osubset,usethe following:2Ok(/ARCHITECTURE=EV56/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERIC?at>OThe /ARCHITECTUREcontrolsthemaximuminstruc-NOtionsubsetthatthecompilerwill generallyuse,whilethe@O5/OPTIMIZE=TUNEcontrolsboththeinstruction-levelMO schedulingandalsothe instructions generatedinsideloops-HOanycode resultingfrom/OPTIMIZE=TUNEthatisspecificOO>toan instructionsubsetwillbe generatedonlyinsideloopsMOandwillalsobe ``protected''byan AMASK-basedtestthatNOpermitsthe executionofthepropercodeforthe particular)OHcurrentAlphamicroprocessor.@ ?O Typically/OPTIMIZE=TUNE=GENERICisthe appropri-JOatechoicefortuning,andthe /ARCHITECTUREselectstheKO5minimumtarget architectureforgeneraluse throughouttheO generatedcode.<A! IO generatedforlater architecturesand instructionsubsetsQOwillrunonolderAlphasystemsduetothe emulation,butifKO5 /ARCHITECTUREisa significantbenefit,thenthe emulation-Omightbea performancepenalty.B! lMOPleaseseetheOpenVMSAskTheWizardareaforthesourcePOcodeofa(non-privileged)toolthatlooksatthe instructionNO5subsets availableonthe particularAlphamicroprocessorthatUOthetoolisrunon.'Thistool demonstratestheuseoftheAlpha,OAMASKandIMPLVER instructions.C OPleaseseeSection10.22 andVSection14.9"for additionaldetails'Oandrelatedconsiderations.*CF?*CVF?E   1O15.3COpenVMSandDECnet Networking?JOUThe followingsectionscontain informationonOpenVMSandODECnet networking.` `66O15.3.1CCan DECnet-PlusoperateoverIP?IO4Yes.+To configure DECnet-PlustooperateoverIPtrans-KOportandoverIPbackbone networks,installand configureFO DECnet-Plus,andinstalland configurethePWIPmech-HO=anism availablewithinthecurrently-installedIPstack.HOWithinTCP/IP Services,thisisa PWIPDRIVER configura-LOtionoptionwithinthe UCX$CONFIG (versionspriortoV5.0)JOGor TCPIP$CONFIG(withV5.0andlater) configurationtool.*DO15.3.2CWhatdoes"failureonback translateaddressg(request"mean?OTheerrormessage:KO BCKTRNSFAIL,%failure%on%the%back% translate%address%request! WLO indicatesthatthe destinationnodeisrunning DECnet-Plus,GOandthatitsnamingservice (DECnet-PlusDECdns,LOCALMO5node database,etc)cannotlocateanameto associatewithLOthesourcenode'saddress.+Inotherwords,the destinationQOnodecannot determinethenodenameforthenodethatisthe0O>sourceoftheincoming connection.">OUsetheDECNET_REGISTER mechanism(onthedes-KOtinationnode)toregisterormodifythename(s)andtheMO5 address(es)ofthesourcenode.(Checkthe namespaceonthe"Osourcenode,aswell.g }=LO Typically,thenodesinvolvedareusingaLOCAL namespace,JOandthenodenameandaddresssettingsarenotcoherentOO5acrossallnodes.+AlsochecktomakesurethatthenodeisMOenteredintoitsownLOCAL namespace.'Thiscanbeaprob-MOlem elsewhere,however.'Veryrarely,acache corruptionhasPO>beenknowntocausethiserror.)Toflushthecache,usetheOcommand: O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCL `m<mDECdns:' DECnet-Plus distributedname services. `H LocalFile:'alocalfile containingnamesand addresses. `lDl DNS/BIND:theTCP/IP distributednameservicesmech-anism. `D:DTheTCP/IPServices(UCX)localhostfile. MOOfthese, searchingDNS/BINDand LocalFile, respectively,is7Ooftenthemost appropriateconfiguration.=O15.3.3C PerformingSETHOST/MOPin DECnet-Plus?>O4First,issuetheNCLcommandSHOWMOPCIRCUIT 8?* O$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLOSHOW&MOP%CIRCUIT&*( LOAssumethatyouhaveacircuitknownasFDDI-0 displayed.HOHereisanexampleoftheSETHOST/MOPcommandsyntax'O5utilizedforthiscircuit:CO$&SET%1HOST/MOP/ADDRESS=08-00-2B-2C-5A-23/CIRCUIT=FDDI-0W-OAlsosee}Section15.6.3.*}F?\CO15.3.4CHowtoflushthe DECnet-Plussessioncache? O#$&RUN%SYS$SYSTEM:NCLTN zZV-(\  "N 'L`N-'l r2 ~ NP&6I!Jm 5$NU+}5:Nj A<2Bp C~ ULH4yIPDc^2|PTW ]F| ,2`nC r$ * *DR8u6.[   h @0""Lf-9.Z1P1T58 :>>K D<HuJ~MR`OOjPdSVlYf]Pa&afg lPN*mD2 rx[u@ z< E{0-`X+ f< UR~xxTHE6 i0.k , h 4NFO V  Q5Pc=.@SJ[0: N  Q (,,57F>FQ$xG&#Y[ ` eh>i pFw~ tLAXXbeLh 3>q  Xm ^R ~r k'4PZ;0CLTWYZ\l^";9?;~Pvv